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<document id="29F729E65B659D0AD8A5E149243433F1" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae108" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="AC25185-8469-49E9-9464-02D99734D713" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1732848880449" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cannizzaro, Andrew G. &amp; Berg, David J." docDate="2024" docId="03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae108.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae108" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.9:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gammarus acerbatus Cannizzaro &amp; Berg, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" masterDocId="FF81FF99FFA42A1C81261D313039C24F" masterDocTitle="Molecular phvlogenetic analvses reveal a radiation of freshwater Gammarus (Amphipoda: Gammaridae) in the northern Chihuahuan Desert" updateTime="1734824342389" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="E5B9699C838C5E495D398E326D8DB177" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9EC795210FFA6560AD456D760D877279">
<mods:title id="508CAAC13EBCE98B467CA2B6468773AB">Molecular phvlogenetic analvses reveal a radiation of freshwater Gammarus (Amphipoda: Gammaridae) in the northern Chihuahuan Desert</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="B1E80D39E8593F2C4F3C74747EA78F5A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B42A78B329B50A0881D9864F69C36470">
<mods:roleTerm id="3BD1A9BD533879ECB1BCF26B89AC3801">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="233E8796B5A34D308BA79E196339A840">Cannizzaro, Andrew G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="ABD0C243B36AA59D4AB1F8BA39072D2A">Department of Biologv, Miami Universitv, Oxford, OH, 45056, United States</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DE129C48D387F593FBC84F6B9715F059" type="email">cannizag@miamioh.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="245C5041092853767CC039CF7B9613F1">
<mods:roleTerm id="43165D8616A3BA0AAE0617A7B8837562">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5590DBB1E227B0C0F58F26724D589DFF">Berg, David J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4396D523AA370AB169EC5708373E2BFD">Department of Biologv, Miami Universitv, Hamilton, OH, 45011, United States</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="08B5DACE0E354D3B1F51F20A9EF89C91">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="04BE4356BD71281FFFA1F62B65233EC3">
<mods:title id="459C8C19A86DAEB1D4BC34DECCF21CAA">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="426BFF450BEA940300BDB71360090E3F">
<mods:date id="171218CF94D0F40E7EFA6C8D34BA9D62">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="60A4E1BE8D3DD20EA072DAE80330D156" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="56D1C8805E3F3656ABA8013828D6BEBD">2024-09-25</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3467EB2D4963318FEECBAF6F3CAB62A9" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9762F843E4EC2606C1B3F4B9696D58F5">202</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="5D291197BB9B70D85583C32FBCBC0B6F" type="issue">
<mods:number id="A4000C98CF632E20580C8A989C976C7C">1</mods:number>
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<mods:location id="06CB021FA4785C79613B570E9ED32D42">
<mods:url id="DCA85F61E8891572D921F3C8106FA47C">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae108</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="420590C2C019E9CC8576AD6194EF488A">journal volume</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F52AEE9D4247B1A23596924E680BB466" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae108</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9C62CB46B17D49CE14577B6FF66FAC7A" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E04260CE8DCFC920FF48B9DDB4567D9C" type="ZooBank">AC25185-8469-49E9-9464-02D99734D713</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED" lastPageId="22" pageId="14">
<subSubSection id="C30B657CFFAA2A128243197835AFC62B" box="[869,1430,1097,1124]" pageId="14" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAA2A128243197835AFC62B" blockId="14.[869,1430,1097,1124]" box="[869,1430,1097,1124]" pageId="14">
<heading id="D0E6819BFFAA2A128243197835AFC62B" bold="true" box="[869,1430,1097,1124]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A128243197835AFC62B" bold="true" box="[869,1430,1097,1124]" pageId="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAA2A1282431978346EC62B" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[869,1111,1097,1124]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A1282431978346EC62B" bold="true" box="[869,1111,1097,1124]" italics="true" pageId="14">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256579EFFAA2A12857A197B348AC62B" box="[1116,1203,1098,1124]" pageId="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Cannizzaro and Berg
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B657CFFAA2A12828619B934F6C6AF" pageId="14" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAA2A12828619B93562C6ED" blockId="14.[928,1371,1160,1187]" box="[928,1371,1160,1187]" pageId="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAA2A12828619B93562C6ED" ID-CoL="3F8BC" authority="(Adams et al., 2018)" baseAuthorityName="Adams" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[928,1371,1160,1187]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desperatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12828619B934E3C6ED" bold="true" box="[928,1242,1160,1187]" pageId="14">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12828619B934B8C6EC" bold="true" box="[928,1153,1160,1187]" italics="true" pageId="14">Gammarus desperatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B06FFAA2A1285B619B934E3C6ED" author="Adams NE &amp; Inoue K &amp; Seidel T" box="[1168,1242,1160,1186]" pageId="14" pagination="746 - 57" refId="ref19704" refString="Adams NE, Inoue K, Seidel T et al. Isolation drives increased diversification rates in freshwater amphipods. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2018; 127: 746 - 57. hups: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. vmpev. 2018.06.022" type="journal article" year="2018">Adams</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A1285F819B83529C6ED" box="[1246,1296,1160,1186]" italics="true" pageId="14">et al.</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12843F19B93562C6ED" bold="true" box="[1305,1371,1160,1186]" pageId="14">2018)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAA2A12850A19F734F6C6AF" blockId="14.[1068,1231,1222,1249]" box="[1068,1231,1222,1249]" pageId="14">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12850A19F734F6C6AF" bold="true" box="[1068,1231,1222,1249]" pageId="14">
(
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAA2A12851119F6344CC6AE" box="[1079,1141,1223,1249]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[115,180,936,960]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,908]" captionTargetId="figure-503@7.[146,1426,144,908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Habitus photographs of Gammarus spp. examined here. A, Gammarus desperatus topotvpe, male, 14.2 mm (USNM 1607107), North Spring, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. B, Gammarus desperatus, male, 8.5 mm (USNM 1607105), Rio Hondo, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. C, Gammarus desperatus, female, 4.3 mm (USNM 1607106), Rio Hondo, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. D, Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. E, Gammarus acerbatus, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.F, Gammarus balmorhea, holotvpe male, 13.7 mm (USNM 1607116), San Solomon Spring, Reeves Countv, TX, USA.G, Gammarus balmorhea, allotvpe female, 9.6 mm (USNM 1607117), San Solomon Spring, Reeves Countv, TX, USA.Scale bar:1 mm." pageId="14">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAA2A12855819F634FEC6AF" box="[1150,1223,1222,1249]" captionStart-0="Figure 11" captionStart-1="Figure 12" captionStart-2="Figure 13" captionStart-3="Figure 14" captionStart-4="Figure 15" captionStart-5="Figure 16" captionStartId-0="16.[129,194,1587,1611]" captionStartId-1="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" captionStartId-2="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" captionStartId-3="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionStartId-4="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionStartId-5="21.[113,178,1608,1632]" captionTargetBox-0="[284,1327,166,1537]" captionTargetBox-1="[245,1308,178,1578]" captionTargetBox-2="[247,1348,161,1581]" captionTargetBox-3="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetBox-4="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetBox-5="[259,1316,167,1554]" captionTargetId-0="figure-160@16.[241,1361,144,1559]" captionTargetId-1="figure-143@17.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetId-2="figure-155@18.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetId-3="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetId-4="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetId-5="figure-146@21.[226,1346,144,1580]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionTargetPageId-2="18" captionTargetPageId-3="19" captionTargetPageId-4="20" captionTargetPageId-5="21" captionText-0="Figure 11. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible; D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." captionText-1="Figure 12. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." captionText-2="Figure 13.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars:1 mm." captionText-3="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." captionText-4="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." captionText-5="Figure 16. Gammarus acerbatus, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, pereopod 7; C, uropod 3. Scale bars:1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm C." pageId="14">11–16</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B657CFFAA2A0A821F183635FAC6ED" lastPageId="22" pageId="14" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAA2A12821F1836349EC771" blockId="14.[825,1474,1287,1342]" pageId="14">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12821F1836341CC750" box="[825,1061,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="14">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
<uri id="FF803AF5FFAA2A1285631836349AC771" pageId="14">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFB70C22FFAA2A1284611836349AC771" pageId="14">5BD13043- 4C59-49F7-960B-8214607B6C0D</uuid>
</uri>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAA2A13821F18513106C0A4" blockId="14.[825,1476,1376,1964]" lastBlockId="15.[113,762,691,747]" lastPageId="15" pageId="14">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12821F185133C2C737" box="[825,1019,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="14">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A1285241851340BC799" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brian K. Lang" country="United States of America" latitude="33.478127" location="Sago Spring" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-104.41976" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607109" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A1285241851348BC737" box="[1026,1202,1376,1400]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607109</specimenCode>
, holotvpe male,
<quantity id="4CE99B12FFAA2A12847818513586C738" box="[1374,1471,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="12.8">12.8 mm</quantity>
:
<location id="8ECE602CFFAA2A12821F184E3387C7D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAA2A12821F184E3387C7D8" box="[825,958,1407,1431]" country="United States of America" latitude="33.478127" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-104.41976" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Sago Spring" pageId="14">Sago Spring</location>
, Biưer
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A128530184E355EC7D8" box="[1046,1383,1407,1431]" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A12845E184E3387C7F9" pageId="14">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAA2A1282EE18AE33C0C7F8" box="[968,1017,1439,1463]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE255030FFAA2A12852018AF3440C7F9" box="[1030,1145,1438,1462]" degrees="33.478125" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" precision="1" value="33.478127">33.478125</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE255030FFAA2A1285A518AE352BC7F8" box="[1155,1298,1439,1463]" degrees="104.419763" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" precision="1" value="-104.41976">–104.419763</geoCoordinate>
); collector:
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1284AC18AE33B6C799" pageId="14">Brian K. Lang</collectorName>
, date unknown
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A12851A188F3586C45A" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brian K. Lang" country="United States of America" location="Sago Spring" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607110" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A12851A188F34D5C799" box="[1084,1260,1470,1494]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607110</specimenCode>
, allotvpe female,
<quantity id="4CE99B12FFAA2A128484188F335FC7BA" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1 mm</quantity>
:
<location id="8ECE602CFFAA2A12825618EC33D5C7BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAA2A12825618EC33D5C7BA" box="[880,1004,1501,1525]" country="United States of America" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Sago Spring" pageId="14">Sago Spring</location>
, Biưer
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A12851318EC3557C7BA" box="[1077,1390,1501,1525]" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A12845E18EC33FBC45B" pageId="14">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAA2A1282F618CC343FC45A" box="[976,1030,1533,1557]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">USA</collectingCountry>
; collector:
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A12855818CC3521C45A" box="[1150,1304,1533,1557]" pageId="14">Brian K. Lang</collectorName>
, date unknown
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A12821F1B2D3495C43C" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brian K. Lang" country="United States of America" location="Sago Spring" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607112" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A12821F1B2D33D7C47B" box="[825,1006,1564,1588]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607112</specimenCode>
, paratvpe males
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12858E1B2C3482C47B" box="[1192,1211,1565,1588]" italics="true" pageId="14">N</emphasis>
= 3,
<location id="8ECE602CFFAA2A1285D11B2D3540C47B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAA2A1285D11B2D3540C47B" box="[1271,1401,1564,1588]" country="United States of America" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Sago Spring" pageId="14">Sago Spring</location>
, Biưer
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A12821F1B0A344AC41C" box="[825,1139,1595,1619]" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A12855B1B0A356BC41C" box="[1149,1362,1595,1619]" pageId="14">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAA2A12847A1B0A35ABC41C" box="[1372,1426,1595,1619]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">USA</collectingCountry>
; collector:
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1282A61B6A3436C43C" box="[896,1039,1627,1651]" pageId="14">Brian K. Lang</collectorName>
, date unknown
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A1285951B6A33E9C49E" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brian K. Lang" country="United States of America" location="Sago Spring" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607111" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A1285951B6A3558C43C" box="[1203,1377,1627,1651]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607111</specimenCode>
, paratvpe female, 9.0 mm:
<location id="8ECE602CFFAA2A1282D01B4B3441C4DD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAA2A1282D01B4B3441C4DD" box="[1014,1144,1658,1682]" country="United States of America" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Sago Spring" pageId="14">Sago Spring</location>
, Biưer
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A1285EB1B4B33BAC4FE" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1282B61BA83455C4FE" box="[912,1132,1689,1713]" pageId="14">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAA2A12855F1BA83496C4FE" box="[1145,1199,1689,1713]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">USA</collectingCountry>
; collector:
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1284001BA83587C4FD" box="[1318,1470,1689,1714]" pageId="14">Brian K. Lang</collectorName>
, date unknown
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A1282FC1B883550C540" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brian K. Lang" country="United States of America" location="Sago Spring" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607113" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A1282FC1B8834B0C49E" box="[986,1161,1721,1745]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607113</specimenCode>
, paratvpe females
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12846E1B883562C49F" box="[1352,1371,1721,1744]" italics="true" pageId="14">N</emphasis>
= 2,
<location id="8ECE602CFFAA2A1284B51B8833B8C4BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAA2A1284B51B8833B8C4BF" country="United States of America" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Sago Spring" pageId="14">Sago Spring</location>
, Biưer
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A1282F61BE9352BC4BF" box="[976,1298,1752,1776]" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1284381BE9335FC540" pageId="14">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAA2A1282531BC63392C540" box="[885,939,1783,1807]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">USA</collectingCountry>
; collector:
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1285031BC634F9C55F" box="[1061,1216,1783,1808]" pageId="14">Brian K. Lang</collectorName>
, date unknown
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A1284501BC633E1C5C2" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brain K. Lang" country="United States of America" county="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" latitude="33.4459" location="Unit" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-104.4044" municipality="Beaver Dam'" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607114" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A1284501BC633AFC560" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607114</specimenCode>
, paratvpe males
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A1285611A263463C561" box="[1095,1114,1815,1838]" italics="true" pageId="14">N</emphasis>
= 3,
<location id="8ECE602CFFAA2A1285B41A2634F8C560" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAA2A1285B41A2634F8C560" box="[1170,1217,1815,1839]" country="United States of America" county="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" latitude="33.4459" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-104.4044" municipality="Beaver Dam'" name="Unit" pageId="14">Unit</location>
6 ditch at ‘
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A12841F1A263586C560" box="[1337,1471,1815,1839]" pageId="14">Beaver Dam’</collectingMunicipality>
, Biưer
<collectingCounty id="62CF4E7BFFAA2A1282511A073494C501" box="[887,1197,1846,1870]" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingCounty>
,
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1285931A0735B1C502" box="[1205,1416,1846,1870]" pageId="14">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAA2A1284B71A0735FBC501" box="[1425,1474,1846,1870]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE255030FFAA2A1282661A6433A0C522" box="[832,921,1877,1901]" degrees="33.4459" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" precision="5" value="33.4459">33.4459</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE255030FFAA2A1282831A643423C522" box="[933,1050,1877,1901]" degrees="104.4044" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" precision="5" value="-104.4044">–104.4044</geoCoordinate>
); collector:
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1285B21A643511C521" box="[1172,1320,1877,1902]" pageId="14">Brain K. Lang</collectorName>
, 2005 (precise date unknown)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A1382C71A443102C0A4" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brain K. Lang" country="United States of America" county="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" lastPageId="15" location="Unit" municipality="Beaver Dam'" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607115" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A1282C71A4434B6C5C3" box="[993,1167,1908,1933]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607115</specimenCode>
, paratvpe females
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12846D1A443567C5C3" box="[1355,1374,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="14">N</emphasis>
= 2,
<location id="8ECE602CFFAA2A1284B31A4435FDC5C2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAA2A1284B31A4435FDC5C2" box="[1429,1476,1909,1933]" country="United States of America" county="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" municipality="Beaver Dam'" name="Unit" pageId="14">Unit</location>
6 ditch at ‘
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A12828A1AA5340BC5E3" box="[940,1074,1940,1964]" pageId="14">Beaver Dam’</collectingMunicipality>
, Biưer
<collectingCounty id="62CF4E7BFFAA2A1285591AA535F9C5E3" box="[1151,1472,1940,1964]" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingCounty>
,
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAB2A1381571F82317CC084" box="[113,325,691,716]" pageId="15">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAB2A1380681F8531BDC083" box="[334,388,692,716]" name="United States of America" pageId="15">USA</collectingCountry>
; collector:
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAB2A1380D51F8232BAC083" box="[499,643,691,716]" pageId="15">Brain K. Lang</collectorName>
, 2005 (precise date unknown)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFAB2A1381571DBE3386C2E8" box="[113,959,142,167]" pageId="15" startId="15.[113,168,143,167]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A1381571DBE3386C2E8" blockId="15.[113,959,142,167]" box="[113,959,142,167]" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1381571DBE3086C2E9" bold="true" box="[113,191,142,167]" pageId="15">Table 3.</emphasis>
Morphological variation observed among
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAB2A1383761DBE32DBC2E9" box="[592,738,143,166]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1383761DBE328FC2E9" box="[592,694,143,166]" italics="true" pageId="15">Gammarus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
examined in this studv.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A1381571D8D350BC01D" pageId="15">
<table id="F911C457FFABD5E381571D8D3596C01D" box="[113,1455,188,594]" gridcols="5" gridrows="11" pageId="15">
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571D8D3596C2BD" box="[113,1455,188,242]" gridrow="0" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571D8D31DEC2BD" box="[113,487,188,242]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1381571D8D30EAC29B" bold="true" box="[113,211,188,212]" pageId="15">Character</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111D8D32D0C2BD" box="[567,745,188,242]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1383111D8D32F3C2BE" bold="true" box="[567,714,188,242]" pageId="15">
Variability (
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAB2A1383671DEB32F9C2BE" box="[577,704,217,242]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desperatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1383671DEB32F9C2BE" bold="true" box="[577,704,217,242]" italics="true" pageId="15">G. desperatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351D8D33D5C2BD" box="[787,1004,188,242]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1382351D8D33D5C2BE" bold="true" box="[787,1004,188,242]" pageId="15">
Variability (
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAB2A13823B1DEB33AAC2BE" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[797,915,217,242]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A13823B1DEB33AAC2BE" bold="true" box="[797,915,217,242]" italics="true" pageId="15">G. acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256579EFFAB2A1382BE1DEB33DDC2BE" box="[920,996,217,242]" pageId="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
)
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1D8D3485C2BD" box="[1033,1212,188,242]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A13852F1D8D349EC2BE" bold="true" box="[1033,1191,188,242]" pageId="15">
Variability (
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAB2A1385321DEB34A4C2BE" box="[1044,1181,217,242]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyalelloides">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1385321DEB34A4C2BE" bold="true" box="[1044,1181,217,242]" italics="true" pageId="15">G. hyalelloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1D8D3596C2BD" box="[1227,1455,188,242]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1385ED1D8D3596C2BE" bold="true" box="[1227,1455,188,242]" pageId="15">
Variability (
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAB2A1385F01DEB356EC2BE" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[1238,1367,217,242]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balmorhea" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1385F01DEB356EC2BE" bold="true" box="[1238,1367,217,242]" italics="true" pageId="15">G. balmorhea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256579EFFAB2A13847D1DEB359EC2BE" box="[1371,1447,217,242]" pageId="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
)
</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571C383596C36D" box="[113,1455,265,290]" gridrow="1" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571C3831DEC36D" box="[113,487,265,290]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="15">Antenna 1 flagellar segments</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111C3832D0C36D" box="[567,745,265,290]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="15">24–31</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351C3833D5C36D" box="[787,1004,265,290]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="15">25–28</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1C383485C36D" box="[1033,1212,265,290]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="15">21–30</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1C383596C36D" box="[1227,1455,265,290]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="15">25–28</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571C1A3596C30B" box="[113,1455,299,324]" gridrow="2" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571C1A31DEC30B" box="[113,487,299,324]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="15">Antenna 2 flagellar segments</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111C1A32D0C30B" box="[567,745,299,324]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="15">10–15</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351C1A33D5C30B" box="[787,1004,299,324]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="15">10–14</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1C1A3485C30B" box="[1033,1212,299,324]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="15">10–11</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1C1A3596C30B" box="[1227,1455,299,324]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="15">10–12</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571C7C3596C329" box="[113,1455,333,358]" gridrow="3" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571C7C31DEC329" box="[113,487,333,358]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="15">Antenna 2 peduncle to flagellum length</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111C7C32D0C329" box="[567,745,333,358]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="15">1.4–1.6x</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351C7C33D5C329" box="[787,1004,333,358]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="15">1.4–1.6x</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1C7C3485C329" box="[1033,1212,333,358]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="15">1.5–2x</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1C7C3596C329" box="[1227,1455,333,358]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="15">1.2–1.5x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571C5E3596C3C8" box="[113,1455,367,391]" gridrow="4" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571C5E31DEC3C8" box="[113,487,367,391]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="15">Gnathopod 1 carpus anterior setae tusss</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111C5E32D0C3C8" box="[567,745,367,391]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="15">1–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351C5E33D5C3C8" box="[787,1004,367,391]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="15">1–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1C5E3485C3C8" box="[1033,1212,367,391]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="15">1–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1C5E3596C3C8" box="[1227,1455,367,391]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="15">1–2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571CA03596C3E5" box="[113,1455,401,426]" gridrow="5" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571CA031DEC3E5" box="[113,487,401,426]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="15">Pereopod 7 basis, posterior setae</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111CA032D0C3E5" box="[567,745,401,426]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="15">20–25% seg. width</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351CA033D5C3E5" box="[787,1004,401,426]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="15">35–40% seg. width</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1CA03485C3E5" box="[1033,1212,401,426]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="15">10–20% seg. width</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1CA03596C3E5" box="[1227,1455,401,426]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="15">10–20% seg. width</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571C823596C384" box="[113,1455,435,459]" gridrow="6" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571C8231DEC384" box="[113,487,435,459]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="15">Epimeron 1 ventral setae</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111C8232D0C384" box="[567,745,435,459]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="15">2–6</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351C8233D5C384" box="[787,1004,435,459]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="15">2–4</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1C823485C384" box="[1033,1212,435,459]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="15">0–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1C823596C384" box="[1227,1455,435,459]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="15">0–2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571CE43596C3A2" box="[113,1455,469,493]" gridrow="7" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571CE431DEC3A2" box="[113,487,469,493]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="15">Epimeron 2 anterior setae</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111CE432D0C3A2" box="[567,745,469,493]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="15">4–12</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351CE433D5C3A2" box="[787,1004,469,493]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="15">4–10</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1CE43485C3A2" box="[1033,1212,469,493]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="15">0–3</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1CE43596C3A2" box="[1227,1455,469,493]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="15">0–3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571CC73596C040" box="[113,1455,502,527]" gridrow="8" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571CC731DEC040" box="[113,487,502,527]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="15">Epimeron 3 posterior setae</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111CC732D0C040" box="[567,745,502,527]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="15">4–7</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351CC733D5C040" box="[787,1004,502,527]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="15">4–6</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1CC73485C040" box="[1033,1212,502,527]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="15">2–3</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1CC73596C040" box="[1227,1455,502,527]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="15">2–3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571F293596C07E" box="[113,1455,536,561]" gridrow="9" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571F2931DEC07E" box="[113,487,536,561]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="15">Uronite 1 * 2 dorsomedial robust setae</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111F2932D0C07E" box="[567,745,536,561]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="15">1–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351F2933D5C07E" box="[787,1004,536,561]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="15">1–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1F293485C07E" box="[1033,1212,536,561]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="15">1–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1F293596C07E" box="[1227,1455,536,561]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="15">1–2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571F0B3596C01D" box="[113,1455,570,594]" gridrow="10" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571F0B31DEC01D" box="[113,487,570,594]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="15">Telson setae length</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111F0B32D0C01D" box="[567,745,570,594]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="15">short/long</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351F0B33D5C01D" box="[787,1004,570,594]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="15">short/long</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1F0B3485C01D" box="[1033,1212,570,594]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="15">short/long</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1F0B3596C01D" box="[1227,1455,570,594]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="15">short/long</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A1381571E3C32C8C10C" blockId="15.[113,762,780,836]" pageId="15">
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAB2A1381571E3C32C8C10C" country="United States of America" county="Chaves Countv" latitude="33.478127" location="Sago Spring" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-104.41976" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="15" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New Mexico" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1381571E3C30CDC16B" box="[113,244,780,804]" italics="true" pageId="15">
<typeStatus id="54AA8855FFAB2A1381571E3C3098C16B" box="[113,161,781,804]" pageId="15">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<location id="8ECE602CFFAB2A1381DC1E3D314FC16B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAB2A1381DC1E3D314FC16B" box="[250,374,780,804]" country="United States of America" county="Chaves Countv" latitude="33.478127" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-104.41976" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Sago Spring" pageId="15" stateProvince="New Mexico">Sago Spring</location>
,
<location id="8ECE602CFFAB2A1380A61E3D32CFC16B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAB2A1380A61E3D32CFC16B" box="[384,758,780,804]" country="United States of America" county="Chaves Countv" latitude="33.478127" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-104.41976" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Biuer Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="15" stateProvince="New Mexico">
<location id="8ECE602CFFAB2A1380A61E3D31C9C16B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAB2A1380A61E3D31C9C16B" box="[384,496,780,804]" country="United States of America" county="Chaves Countv" latitude="33.478127" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-104.41976" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Biuer Lake" pageId="15" stateProvince="New Mexico">
Biưer
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAB2A1380981E3D31C9C16B" box="[446,496,780,804]" pageId="15">Lake</collectingMunicipality>
</location>
National Wildlife Refuge
</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="62CF4E7BFFAB2A1381571E1A3136C10B" box="[113,271,811,836]" pageId="15">Chaves Countv</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D5F815FFAB2A13803E1E1D31A2C10C" box="[280,411,811,835]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="15">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAB2A1380821E1D31ECC10B" box="[420,469,812,836]" name="United States of America" pageId="15">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE255030FFAB2A1380C71E1A326DC10C" box="[481,596,811,835]" degrees="33.478125" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" precision="1" value="33.478127">33.478125</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE255030FFAB2A1383781E1A32D0C10C" box="[606,745,811,835]" degrees="104.419763" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" precision="1" value="-104.41976">–104.419763</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A1381571E5431D2C6BA" blockId="15.[113,763,869,1269]" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1381571E5430EEC133" box="[113,215,869,892]" italics="true" pageId="15">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Large, brightlv marked species showing characteristics tvpical of members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAB2A1380801EB43275C1D3" box="[422,588,901,924]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pecos">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1380801EB43275C1D3" box="[422,588,901,924]" italics="true" pageId="15">Gammarus pecos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex, as outlined bv
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B06FFAB2A1381EE1E923171C1F4" author="Cole GA" box="[200,328,931,955]" pageId="15" pagination="93 - 104" refId="ref20233" refString="Cole GA. Analvsis of the Gammarus-pecos complex (Crustacea: Amphipoda) in Texas and New Mexico, USA. Journal of the Arizona- Nevada Academy of Science 1985; 20: 93 - 104." type="journal article" year="1985">Cole (1985)</bibRefCitation>
. Distinguished from other members of the complex through the combination of the following characteristics: setae present on the posterior margin of antenna 1; antenna 1 flagellum with &lt;35 segments; C-setae on mandibular palps up to 3× D-setae in length; B-setae on mandibular palps up to 60% length of longest A-seta; male gnathopods 1 * 2 with straight or slightlv concave palmar margins on propodi; coxal plates 1–4 with numerous facial setae; bases of pereopods 1–7 with&gt;12 posterior setae, and dense facial setae; posterior setae on basis of pereopod 7 35%–40% width of segment. Males up to
<quantity id="4CE99B12FFAB2A1383B1198F32D8C69A" box="[663,737,1214,1238]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="15" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
in length, females up to
<quantity id="4CE99B12FFAB2A13806D19EC31BCC6BB" box="[331,389,1245,1269]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="15" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
in length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A13815718263188C722" blockId="15.[113,762,1302,1389]" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A138157182630D1C761" box="[113,232,1303,1326]" italics="true" pageId="15">Description:</emphasis>
Male (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A13801118273192C761" box="[311,427,1302,1326]" captionStart-0="Figure 11" captionStart-1="Figure 12" captionStart-2="Figure 13" captionStart-3="Figure 14" captionStart-4="Figure 15" captionStartId-0="16.[129,194,1587,1611]" captionStartId-1="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" captionStartId-2="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" captionStartId-3="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionStartId-4="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox-0="[284,1327,166,1537]" captionTargetBox-1="[245,1308,178,1578]" captionTargetBox-2="[247,1348,161,1581]" captionTargetBox-3="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetBox-4="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId-0="figure-160@16.[241,1361,144,1559]" captionTargetId-1="figure-143@17.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetId-2="figure-155@18.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetId-3="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetId-4="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionTargetPageId-2="18" captionTargetPageId-3="19" captionTargetPageId-4="20" captionText-0="Figure 11. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible; D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." captionText-1="Figure 12. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." captionText-2="Figure 13.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars:1 mm." captionText-3="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." captionText-4="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="15">Figs 11–15</figureCitation>
):
<quantity id="4CE99B12FFAB2A1380E318273219C761" box="[453,544,1302,1326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="15" unit="mm" value="12.8">12.8 mm</quantity>
in length. Eves reniform, integumentarv pigment present when alive and in freshlv preserved specimens (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A13807318643199C722" box="[341,416,1365,1389]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[115,180,936,960]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,908]" captionTargetId="figure-503@7.[146,1426,144,908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Habitus photographs of Gammarus spp. examined here. A, Gammarus desperatus topotvpe, male, 14.2 mm (USNM 1607107), North Spring, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. B, Gammarus desperatus, male, 8.5 mm (USNM 1607105), Rio Hondo, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. C, Gammarus desperatus, female, 4.3 mm (USNM 1607106), Rio Hondo, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. D, Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. E, Gammarus acerbatus, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.F, Gammarus balmorhea, holotvpe male, 13.7 mm (USNM 1607116), San Solomon Spring, Reeves Countv, TX, USA.G, Gammarus balmorhea, allotvpe female, 9.6 mm (USNM 1607117), San Solomon Spring, Reeves Countv, TX, USA.Scale bar:1 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A13815718BF322DC48F" blockId="15.[113,762,1422,1728]" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A13815718BF30ECC7EA" box="[113,213,1422,1445]" italics="true" pageId="15">Antennae:</emphasis>
Antenna 1 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A13804818BF31F5C7E9" box="[366,460,1422,1446]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[284,1327,166,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-160@16.[241,1361,144,1559]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 11. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible; D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
): approximatelv 45% bodv length, 1.2× as long as antenna 2; peduncle segment 1 with distal robust seta; primarv flagellum with 26 segments; accessorv flagellum four-segmented. Antenna 2 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A1380DC18DD326AC44B" box="[506,595,1516,1540]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[284,1327,166,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-160@16.[241,1361,144,1559]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 11. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible; D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
): peduncle approximatelv 1.4× as long as flagellum, segment 4 with four tusss of dorsal setae, four tusss of ventral setae, and four tusss of lateral setae, segment 5 subequal in length to segment 4, armed with five tusss of dorsal setae, five tusss of ventral setae, and four tusss of lateral setae; flagellum with 12 segments, setae length on segments decreasing distallv, calceoli absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A1381571BD03361C418" blockId="15.[113,762,1761,1974]" lastBlockId="15.[810,1460,691,1623]" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1381571BD030D5C4B6" box="[113,236,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="15">Mouthparts:</emphasis>
Mandibles: less mandible (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A13833E1BD0325EC4B6" box="[536,615,1761,1785]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[260,1335,172,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-188@8.[241,1361,144,1548]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Gammarus desperatus, male, 8.5 mm (USNM 1607105), Rio Hondo, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible (lacinia mobilis enlarged); D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
) incisor five-dentate, lacinia mobilis four-dentate, accessorv setal row with six robust, serrate setae and numerous plumose setae; molar process ovate, lacking seta; palp with three segments, penultimate segment 1.1× length of ultimate with six α-setae and eight β-setae, α-setae subequal in length to E-setae; ultimate segment with five A-setae, five B-setae, three C-setae, 22 D-setae, and five E-setae, C-setae 3× length of longest D-seta, B-setae 60% length of longest A-seta. Right mandible (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A1385AC1FE234EDC0A5" box="[1162,1236,722,747]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[260,1335,172,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-188@8.[241,1361,144,1548]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Gammarus desperatus, male, 8.5 mm (USNM 1607105), Rio Hondo, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible (lacinia mobilis enlarged); D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
): incisor five-dentate, lacinia mobilis bifurcate, both lobes with numerous protuberances; accessorv setal row with six robust, serrate setae and numerous plumose setae; molar process ovate, lacking seta; palp with three articles, relative segment lengths and setation paưerns as in less mandible. Upper lip (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A13857A1E5E3488C1C8" box="[1116,1201,879,903]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[245,1308,178,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-143@17.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
): rounded, apical margin of labrum with numerous fine setae. Lower lip (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A1384371EBE355CC1E8" box="[1297,1381,911,935]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[245,1308,178,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-143@17.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
): inner lobes indistinct; outer margin of outer lobes sparselv covered in fine setae; inner margin of outer lobes heavilv setose. Maxilla 1 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A1382131EDC3394C64B" box="[821,941,1005,1029]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[284,1327,166,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-160@16.[241,1361,144,1559]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 11. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible; D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 11C, D</figureCitation>
): inner plate with 16 plumose marginal setae and numerous fine, pubescent setae covering entire plate; outer plate with 11 apical comb spines, pubescence covering inner margin, decreasing laterallv and proximallv; less palp with two segments, subapical margin of distal segment with three long setae, apical margin with eight robust setae; right palp with two segments, subapical margin of distal segment with a long seta, apical margin with five robust setae, broader than those of less palp. Maxilla 2 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A1382BC19D633D7C6B0" box="[922,1006,1255,1279]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[245,1308,178,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-143@17.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
): both inner and outer plates covered in pubescent setae; outer plate with numerous distal setae; inner plate narrowing slightlv distallv, with numerous apical setae and 10 plumose facial setae. Maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A1385A3187434E3C712" box="[1157,1242,1349,1373]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[245,1308,178,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-143@17.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 12F</figureCitation>
): inner plate shorter than outer plate, apical margin with three naked cuspidate setae, inner margin with nine plumose setae, surface of plate covered in fine pubescence; outer plate armed with numerous naked cuspidate setae covering inner margin and numerous setae covering both inner and apical margins; palp second segment with numerous marginal setae, third segment with numerus marginal/ submarginal setae; dactvlus with four inner setae and an outer seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A0D820C1BB53509C543" blockId="15.[810,1459,1668,1974]" lastBlockId="17.[810,1458,1749,1804]" lastPageId="17" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A13820C1BB53393C4D3" box="[810,938,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="15">Gnathopods:</emphasis>
Gnathopod 1 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A13857F1BB5348FC4D3" box="[1113,1206,1668,1692]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1348,161,1581]" captionTargetId="figure-155@18.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars:1 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
): coxal plate with four anterior setae, a posterior seta, and nine long facial setae, additional smaller, submarginal setae line apex of plate; basis with numerous long setae inserted along anterior and posterior margins, small patch of pubescence on posterodistal corner; ischium with eight setae and pubescence along posterior margin; merus with anterior seta, a large patch of setae on anterodistal margin, and a tuss of posterior setae, posterior surface of segment weaklv pubescent; carpus approximatelv 75% length of propodus with one tuss of setae along anterior margin, posterior margin with numerous setae and seven submarginal setae directed distallv; propodus approximatelv 2.3× as long as broad, with two tusss of anterior setae, six tusss of inferior medial setae, nine anterodistal setae, and four tusss of posterior setae; palm oblique, weaklv concave, with large robust seta placed along margin and numerous inner/outer marginal setae; defining angle with nine robust setae and three long setae; dactvlus with outer seta, inner setae lacking. Gnathopod 2 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB42A0C83861ABF32CEC5E9" box="[672,759,1934,1958]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1348,161,1581]" captionTargetId="figure-155@18.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars:1 mm." pageId="16">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
): coxal plate with three anterior setae, two posterior setae, and 10 long facial setae, additional smaller, submarginal setae line apex of plate; basis with numerous long setae inserted along anterior and posterior margins, small patch of pubescence on posterodistal corner; ischium with seven setae and pubescence along posterior margin; merus with anterior seta, patch of setae on anterodistal margin, and three tusss of posterior setae, posterior surface of segment weaklv pubescent; carpus approximatelv 70% length of propodus with two tusss of setae along anterior margin, posterior margin with six groups of setae and four submarginal setae directed distallv; propodus 2.0× as long as broad, with two tusss of anterior setae, seven tusss of inferior medial setae, 10 anterodistal setae, and six tusss of posterior setae; palm oblique, weaklv concave with large robust setae placed along margin and numerous inner/outer marginal setae; defining angle with eight robust setae and seven long setae; dactvlus with outer seta, inner setae lacking.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFB42A0C81A71B0231AFC4CD" pageId="16" startId="16.[129,194,1587,1611]" targetBox="[284,1327,166,1537]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB42A0C81A71B0231AFC4CD" blockId="16.[129,1474,1587,1667]" pageId="16">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB42A0C81A71B0230DCC404" bold="true" box="[129,229,1587,1611]" pageId="16">Figure 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB42A0C81CF1B023193C404" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[233,426,1587,1611]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB42A0C81CF1B023193C404" box="[233,426,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="16">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible; D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFB52A0D81571B64333CC4EA" pageId="17" startId="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" targetBox="[245,1308,178,1578]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB52A0D81571B64333CC4EA" blockId="17.[113,1392,1621,1701]" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB52A0D81571B6430EFC422" bold="true" box="[113,214,1621,1645]" pageId="17">Figure 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB52A0D81FC1B6731A3C422" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[218,410,1621,1645]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB52A0D81FC1B6731A3C422" box="[218,410,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="17">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB52A08820C1A1F3119C5E3" blockId="17.[810,1459,1838,1956]" lastBlockId="20.[129,777,1721,1964]" lastPageId="20" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB52A0D820C1A1F33AAC509" box="[810,915,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="17">Pereopods:</emphasis>
Pereopod 3 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB52A0D85161A1F34B7C509" box="[1072,1166,1838,1862]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1348,161,1581]" captionTargetId="figure-155@18.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars:1 mm." pageId="17">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
): coxal plate with five anterior setae, three posterior setae, and 10 long facial setae, additional smaller, submarginal setae line apex of plate; merus 1.4× as long as carpus, carpus 80% propodus in length; dactvlus approximatelv 50% length of propodus, with plumose seta on anterior margin, and a seta on posterior margin followed bv a thin seta on medial margin. Pereopod 4 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB62A0E80DE1A253276C563" box="[504,591,1812,1836]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="18">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
): coxal plate with two anterior setae, five posterior setae, and 10 long facial setae, additional smaller, submarginal setae line apex of plate; merus 1.4× as long as carpus; carpus 70% length of propodus; dactvlus approximatelv 50% length of propodus, setation as in pereopod 3. Pereopod 5 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB62A0E82F31BE43411C4A2" box="[981,1064,1749,1773]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="18">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
): coxal plate large, bilobate with distinct anterior and posterior lobes, posterior lobe with four setae on distal corner; basis posterior margin straight with 13 shallow serrations bearing short setae, posterior face of segment with four setae, anterior margin with four robust setae, and seven long setae on anteroproximal corner, anterodistal corner with tuss of setae paired with robust seta; merus approximatelv 80% length of carpus; carpus subequal in length to propodus; dactvlus approximatelv 38% length of propodus, setation as in pereopods 3–4. Pereopod 6 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB72A0F800D1A2531BBC563" box="[299,386,1812,1836]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="19">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
): coxal plate bilobate, posterior lobe with five long setae; basis posterior margin weaklv convex with 10 shallow serrations bearing long setae, posterodistal corner with four setae and robust seta, posterior face of segment with 14 setae, anterior margin with five robust setae, and 10 long setae on anteroproximal corner, anterodistal corner with tuss of setae paired with robust setae; merus approximatelv 75% length of carpus; carpus subequal in length to propodus; dactvlus approximatelv 50% length of propodus, setation as in pereopods 3–5. Pereopod 7 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB72A0F82C11A633406C524" box="[999,1087,1874,1899]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="19">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
): coxal plate small, lobes indistinct, with seven posterior setae; basis posterior margin weaklv convex, with 19 shallow serrations bearing long setae, longest posterior setae 40% width of segment, posterodistal corner with five setae and two robust setae, posterior face of segment with 21 setae subequal in length to marginal setae, anterior margin with five robust setae and four anteroproximal setae, anterodistal corner with tuss of setae paired with robust setae; merus subequal in length to carpus; carpus subequal in length to propodus; dactvlus approximatelv 42% length of propodus, setation as in pereopods 3–6.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFB62A0E81A41B6431A4C4EA" pageId="18" startId="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" targetBox="[247,1348,161,1581]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB62A0E81A41B6431A4C4EA" blockId="18.[129,1407,1621,1701]" pageId="18">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB62A0E81A41B6430DFC422" bold="true" box="[130,230,1621,1645]" pageId="18">Figure 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB62A0E81CF1B673193C422" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[233,426,1621,1645]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB62A0E81CF1B673193C422" box="[233,426,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="18">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFB72A0F81551B643494C4EA" pageId="19" startId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" targetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB72A0F81551B643494C4EA" blockId="19.[113,1392,1621,1701]" pageId="19">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB72A0F81551B6430EEC422" bold="true" box="[115,215,1621,1645]" pageId="19">Figure 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB72A0F81FC1B6731A3C422" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[218,410,1621,1645]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB72A0F81FC1B6731A3C422" box="[218,410,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="19">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFB02A0881A71B64350CC4C6" pageId="20" startId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" targetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB02A0881A71B64350CC4C6" blockId="20.[129,1407,1621,1673]" pageId="20">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB02A0881A71B6430DCC422" bold="true" box="[129,229,1621,1645]" pageId="20">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB02A0881CF1B673193C422" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[233,426,1621,1645]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB02A0881CF1B673193C422" box="[233,426,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="20">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB02A08821F1B883434C4BF" blockId="20.[825,1474,1721,1776]" pageId="20">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB02A08821F1B88334FC49F" box="[825,886,1721,1745]" italics="true" pageId="20">Gills (</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB02A0882501B8833D3C49E" box="[886,1002,1721,1745]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1348,161,1581]" captionTargetId="figure-155@18.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars:1 mm." pageId="20">Figs 13B, C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB02A0882D31B883406C49E" box="[1013,1087,1721,1745]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="20">14A–D</figureCitation>
): Coxal gills on somites 2–6, somite 7 with pereopod 7 gill.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB02A09821F1A2333F0C56E" blockId="20.[825,1475,1810,1960]" lastBlockId="21.[810,1459,1708,1826]" lastPageId="21" pageId="20">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB02A08821F1A23334EC565" box="[825,887,1810,1834]" italics="true" pageId="20">Pleon:</emphasis>
Pleopod 1 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB02A0882DB1A23346AC565" box="[1021,1107,1810,1834]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="20">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
): peduncle with seven inner setae, 14 outer setae, and four coupling hooks; outer, inner rami with 16 and 21 segments, respectivelv. Pleopod 2 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB02A08847E1A613596C526" box="[1368,1455,1872,1897]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="20">Fig. 14F</figureCitation>
): peduncle with five inner and 10 outer setae, and five coupling hooks; outer, inner rami with 16 and 18 segments, respectivelv. Pleopod 3 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB12A0981C81B9D3171C48B" box="[238,328,1708,1732]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="21">Fig. 14G</figureCitation>
): peduncle with three inner and 14 outer setae, and four coupling hooks; outer, inner rami with 15 and 16 segments, respectivelv. Epimera (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB12A0980D41BDA3275C54D" box="[498,588,1770,1795]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="21">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
): first epimeron anterior margin with 14 setae, ventral margin with two setae, distoposterior corner not produced, posterior margin with four setae; second epimeron anterior margin with 10 setae, ventral margin with four robust setae; three robust setae inserted faciallv along the ventral surface, distoposterior corner weaklv produced, posterior margin with five setae; third epimeron anterior margin with 11 setae, ventral margin with four robust setae, distoposterior corner weaklv produced, posterior margin with four setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFB12A0981571B7935A3C433" pageId="21" startId="21.[113,178,1608,1632]" targetBox="[259,1316,167,1554]" targetPageId="21" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB12A0981571B7935A3C433" blockId="21.[113,1434,1608,1660]" pageId="21">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB12A0981571B7930EFC42F" bold="true" box="[113,214,1608,1632]" pageId="21">Figure 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB12A0981FC1B7931A3C42F" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[218,410,1608,1632]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB12A0981FC1B7931A3C42F" box="[218,410,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="21">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, pereopod 7; C, uropod 3. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm C.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB12A0A820C1A7B30D9C1BA" blockId="21.[810,1459,1865,1952]" lastBlockId="22.[129,778,144,1014]" lastPageId="22" pageId="21">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB12A09820C1A7B33BEC52E" box="[810,903,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="21">Urosome:</emphasis>
Uronites (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB12A0985341A78344DC52E" box="[1042,1140,1865,1889]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="21">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
): weaklv humped dorsallv; dorsomedial surface of first and second uronites with a robust seta and four to five setae; dorsolateral margins of first and second uronites with a pair of robust setae and two to three setae; third uronite with three robust setae and five setae dorsolaterallv. Uropod 1 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A807F1DFE318DC2A9" box="[345,436,206,231]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="22">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
): peduncle 1.2× inner ramus in length with three outer robust setae, six inner robust setae, and two anteroproximal robust setae; outer ramus subequal in length to inner, with two inner robust setae, 3 outer robust setae, five apical robust setae, and one anteroproximal seta; inner ramus with three outer robust setae, two inner robust setae, and five apical robust setae. Uropod 2 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A80E91CBA3213C3ED" box="[463,554,394,419]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="22">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
): peduncle subequal in length to outer ramus, with four outer robust setae and three inner robust setae; outer ramus approximatelv 1.2× inner ramus in length, with three outer robust setae, an inner robust seta, and six apical robust setae; inner ramus with an inner/outer robust seta, and five apical robust setae. Uropod 3 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A83641F1632AFC070" box="[578,662,551,575]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="22">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
): elongate, biramous; peduncle approximatelv 40% length of outer ramus with two inner robust setae, an outer robust setae, and four marginal robust setae; outer ramus two-segmented, 1.2× length of inner ramus, first segment approximatelv 9× length of second segment, with four groups of robust setae on outer margin paired with setae and/or plumose setae, inner margin with three groups of robust setae and row of plumose setae lining most of margin; second segment with apical group of setae; inner ramus one-segmented with plumose setae lining outer margin along with two robust setae, plumose setae absent on apical margin. Telson (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A81AD1EB130DBC1D7" box="[139,226,896,920]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="22">Fig. 15F</figureCitation>
): cless to base, apices each with two to three robust setae and four to six setae; outer margins with a robust seta and two to six setae; inner margins with three to five setae and a robust seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A81A71926326BC6C2" blockId="22.[128,778,1047,1165]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A81A7192630F4C660" box="[129,205,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="22">Female:</emphasis>
USNM 1607110,
<quantity id="4CE99B12FFB22A0A80AE192631EFC660" box="[392,470,1047,1071]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="22" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1 mm</quantity>
in length. Differing from male in several points, including smaller size, gnathopod 2 shape/ setation, pereopod shape/setation, and uropod 3 size/setation. Structures not described below are as in male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A81A7199E32B0C4D3" blockId="22.[128,778,1199,1692]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A81A7199E30C6C688" box="[129,255,1199,1223]" italics="true" pageId="22">Gnathopods:</emphasis>
Gnathopod 2 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A8084199E31C0C688" box="[418,505,1199,1223]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1608,1632]" captionTargetBox="[259,1316,167,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-146@21.[226,1346,144,1580]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 16. Gammarus acerbatus, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, pereopod 7; C, uropod 3. Scale bars:1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm C." pageId="22">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
): coxal plate with one anterior seta, four posterior setae, and six long facial setae; basis with numerous long setae inserted along anterior and posterior margins, small patch of pubescence on posterodistal corner; ischium with four setae and pubescence along posterior margin; merus with anterior seta, patch of setae on anterodistal margin, and two tusss of posterior setae, posterior surface of segment weaklv pubescent; carpus approximatelv 85% length of propodus with two groups of setae along anterior margin, posterior margin with five groups of setae, and two groups of submarginal setae directed distallv; propodus 2× as long as broad, with three groups of anterior setae, five tusss of inferior medial setae, seven anterodistal setae, and four tusss of posterior setae; palm oblique, slightlv concave, lacking robust setae, with numerous inner/outer marginal setae; defining angle with two outer and two inner robust setae; dactvlus with outer setae, inner setae lacking.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A81A61B8F3189C4BA" blockId="22.[128,777,1726,1781]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A81A61B8F313DC499" box="[128,260,1726,1750]" italics="true" pageId="22">Brood plates:</emphasis>
Slender, expanding apicallv with medium-length setae, present on somites 2–5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A81A61A27341FC011" blockId="22.[128,777,1814,1964]" lastBlockId="22.[825,1474,144,606]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A81A61A2730D0C561" box="[128,233,1814,1838]" italics="true" pageId="22">Pereopods:</emphasis>
Pereopod 7 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A80591A2731EFC561" box="[383,470,1814,1838]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1608,1632]" captionTargetBox="[259,1316,167,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-146@21.[226,1346,144,1580]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 16. Gammarus acerbatus, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, pereopod 7; C, uropod 3. Scale bars:1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm C." pageId="22">Fig. 16B</figureCitation>
): coxal plate small, lobes indistinct, with six posterior setae; basis posterior margin convex proximallv with nine shallow serrations bearing long setae decreasing in length distallv, posterodistal corner with three setae, posterior face of segment with 14 setae, anterior margin with two robust setae and 3 setae, anterodistal corner with two robust setae and two setae; merus subequal in length to carpus; carpus 83% length of propodus; dactvlus approximatelv 43% length of propodus, setation as in male. Uropod 3 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A84141DDF35BEC349" box="[1330,1415,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1608,1632]" captionTargetBox="[259,1316,167,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-146@21.[226,1346,144,1580]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 16. Gammarus acerbatus, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, pereopod 7; C, uropod 3. Scale bars:1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm C." pageId="22">Fig. 16C</figureCitation>
): less elongate than in male, biramous; peduncle approximatelv 40% length of outer ramus with three outer, two inner robust setae, and three marginal robust setae; outer ramus two-segmented, 1.6× length of inner ramus, first segment approximatelv 3.3× length of second segment, with three groups of robust setae on outer margin, inner margin with apical robust seta and row of plumose setae lining most of margin; second segment with apical group of setae; inner ramus one-segmented with plumose setae lining outer margin along with two robust setae, inner margin with apical plumose setae, apical margin with two robust setae and slender setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A821F1FB1349FC0F8" blockId="22.[825,1474,640,695]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A821F1FB133A5C0D8" box="[825,924,640,663]" italics="true" pageId="22">Variation:</emphasis>
Ŋe species was shown to varv slightlv in several morphological characteristics (
<tableCitation id="C693034CFFB22A0A856D1FAE34AFC0F8" box="[1099,1174,671,695]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="15.[113,168,143,167]" captionText="Table 3. Morphological variation observed among Gammarus spp. examined in this studv." pageId="22">Table 3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A821F1FE93501C160" blockId="22.[825,1474,728,815]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A821F1FE93391C0BF" box="[825,936,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="22">Etymology:</emphasis>
Ŋe specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB22A0A855E1FE934EDC0BF" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[1144,1236,728,752]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A855E1FE934EDC0BF" box="[1144,1236,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="22">acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, derived from the word ‘acerbate’ (to embiưer) is given in reference to the species occurrence within Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A821F1E6135FAC6ED" blockId="22.[825,1475,848,1186]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A821F1E613527C127" box="[825,1310,848,872]" italics="true" pageId="22">
Distribution and ecology:
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB22A0A851D1E613527C127" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[1083,1310,848,872]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A851D1E613527C127" bold="true" box="[1083,1310,848,872]" pageId="22">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256579EFFB22A0A84001E613543C127" box="[1318,1402,848,872]" pageId="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is currentlv known onlv from the main tract of Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge in Chaves Countv,
<collectingRegion id="49D5F815FFB22A0A85BE1EA13523C1E8" box="[1176,1306,911,935]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="22">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
. Here it has been recorded from six localities spanning a significant portion of the refuge (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A82AF1EFF33F9C1A9" box="[905,960,974,998]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1111,1135]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1081]" captionTargetId="figure-474@2.[129,1473,144,1084]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of members of the Gammarus pecos complex in Texas and New Mexico.A, overview of Gammarus acerbatus and Gammarus desperatus distribution in Chaves Countv, NM, USA.B, overview of Gammarus balmorhea and Gammarus hyalelloides distribution in Reeves and Jeff Davis counties, TX, USA." pageId="22">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Within BLWNR, individuals of
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB22A0A84311EFF35B6C1A9" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[1303,1423,974,998]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A84311EFF35B6C1A9" box="[1303,1423,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="22">G. acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been associated with vegetation in sinkholes, springs, and the edges of marshes, and are known to co-occur both with an undescribed species of
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB22A0A8533191D345EC60B" authorityName="S. I. Smith" authorityYear="1874" box="[1045,1127,1068,1092]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A8533191D345EC60B" box="[1045,1127,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="22">Hyalella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and with
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB22A0A85F3191D3584C60B" box="[1237,1469,1068,1092]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A85F3191D357AC60C" box="[1237,1347,1068,1091]" italics="true" pageId="22">Gammarus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A844B191D3584C60B" box="[1389,1469,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="22">lacustris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Ŋe laưer occurrence has onlv been noted in a single location, Hunter Marsh, towards the south end of the refuge and recent collection aưempts have failed to vield either
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB22A0A842719BB35FAC6ED" box="[1281,1475,1162,1186]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A842719BB3556C6EE" box="[1281,1391,1162,1185]" italics="true" pageId="22">Gammarus</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FEAC12D2FDF8F562" bold="true" box="[312,513,1014,1041]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Loncovilius barclayi</emphasis>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C362656EFF812E05FE851511FE55F23C" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF812E04FE851511FD83F53C" blockId="32.[273,634,1077,1104]" box="[273,634,1077,1104]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FE851511FD83F53C" bold="true" box="[273,634,1077,1104]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
(
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF812E04FE8F1511FE95F53C" box="[283,364,1077,1103]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Loncovilius species. A, male of L. edwardsianus. B, male of L. cantharoides. C, female of L. semiflavus. D, male of L. barclayi." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 6D</figureCitation>
, 11D–F, 12H, 13H, 14D)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF812E04FF151552FE09F5DE" blockId="32.[129,777,1142,1197]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FF151552FE97F5FD" box="[129,366,1142,1166]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
<uri id="FFE93AE7FF812E04FE041552FE15F5DE" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFDE0C30FF812E04FD1B1552FE15F5DE" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">B426E064- 0842-4911-A48A-C7A73A73B5E0</uuid>
</uri>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF812E04FF1515EBFE5BF6C4" blockId="32.[128,779,1231,1975]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FF1515EBFEE8F594" box="[129,273,1231,1255]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FF812E04FE8D15EBFD88F437" collectingDate="1986-01-10" collectorName="L. E. Pena" country="Chile" location="Valdivia" municipality="Purulon" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FE8D15EBFE80F594" box="[281,377,1231,1255]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<typeStatus id="54C38847FF812E04FE8D15EBFE8DF594" box="[281,372,1231,1255]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
male, pinned, with genitalia in a separate microvial, with labels as follows:
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF812E04FDDE15CAFD64F475" box="[586,669,1262,1286]" name="Chile" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8EA7603EFF812E04FD2415CAFCFFF475" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FF812E05FEAC12D2FE55F23C:8EA7603EFF812E04FD2415CAFCFFF475" box="[688,774,1262,1286]" country="Chile" municipality="Purulon" name="Valdivia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Valdivia</location>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3AC9FFF812E04FF151429FF2CF456" box="[129,213,1293,1317]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Purulón</collectingMunicipality>
[-39.47, -72.69],
<date id="FFC61025FF812E04FE121429FE11F456" box="[390,488,1293,1317]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1986-01-10">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFF812E04FE121429FE11F456" box="[390,488,1293,1317]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1986-01-10">10.I.1986</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="268D5333FF812E04FE78142AFDB6F456" box="[492,591,1294,1317]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L.E. Peña</collectorName>
, leg. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST./
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF812E04FE801414FED7F437" box="[276,302,1328,1348]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
/FMNH-INS 0000 023 665
</materialsCitation>
/
<typeStatus id="54C38847FF812E04FDED1408FCF0F437" box="[633,777,1324,1348]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF812E04FF151468FEB3F417" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[129,330,1356,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barclayi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FF151468FEB3F417" box="[129,330,1356,1380]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Loncovilius barclayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022. Deposited at FMNH.
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FF812E04FD361448FDEEF4B2" collectingDate="1986-01-10" collectorName="Valdivia &amp; Purulon &amp; Pena" country="Chile" location="CHILE" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FD361448FCF0F4F0" box="[674,777,1388,1411]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<typeStatus id="54C38847FF812E04FD361448FCFDF4F0" box="[674,772,1388,1411]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF812E04FF1514AFFF2DF4D0" box="[129,212,1419,1443]" name="Chile" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectorName id="268D5333FF812E04FF7714AFFEC0F4D0" box="[227,313,1419,1443]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Valdivia</collectorName>
:
<collectorName id="268D5333FF812E04FEDC14AFFE65F4D0" box="[328,412,1419,1443]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Purulón</collectorName>
[-39.47, -72.69],
<date id="FFC61025FF812E04FDF114AFFD3EF4D0" box="[613,711,1419,1443]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1986-01-10">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFF812E04FDF114AFFD3EF4D0" box="[613,711,1419,1443]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1986-01-10">10.I.1986</collectingDate>
</date>
L. E.
<collectorName id="268D5333FF812E04FF15148EFF4CF4B2" box="[129,181,1450,1473]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Peña</collectorName>
, leg. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST./
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF812E04FE691489FDEEF4B2" box="[509,535,1453,1473]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
/FMNH-INS 0000 023 667/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF812E04FF3B14EDFD95F492" authority="J. L. Reyes-Hernandez" authorityName="J. L. Reyes-Hernandez" box="[175,620,1481,1505]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barclayi">Loncovilius barclayi J. L. Reyes-Hernández</taxonomicName>
[
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF812E04FDE814EDFD5AF493" box="[636,675,1481,1505]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FF812E04FF1514CDFDEEF76C" collectingDate="1986-01-10" collectorName="Valdivia &amp; Purulon &amp; Pena" country="Chile" location="CHILE" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF812E04FF1514CDFF2DF772" box="[129,212,1513,1537]" name="Chile" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectorName id="268D5333FF812E04FF7714CDFEC0F772" box="[227,313,1513,1537]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Valdivia</collectorName>
:
<collectorName id="268D5333FF812E04FEDD14CDFE64F772" box="[329,413,1513,1537]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Purulón</collectorName>
[-39.47, -72.69],
<date id="FFC61025FF812E04FDF114CDFD3EF772" box="[613,711,1513,1537]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1986-01-10">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFF812E04FDF114CDFD3EF772" box="[613,711,1513,1537]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1986-01-10">10.I.1986</collectingDate>
</date>
L. E.
<collectorName id="268D5333FF812E04FF15172CFF4CF76C" box="[129,181,1544,1567]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Peña</collectorName>
, leg. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST./
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF812E04FE69172FFDEEF76C" box="[509,535,1547,1567]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
/
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FF812E04FDB4172CFDD8F7EE" collectingDate="1993-01-20" collectorName="Coll. T Curkovic" country="Chile" determinerName="Newton" location="Region-Chile" municipality="Nahuelbuta" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="paratype">
FMNH-INS 0000 023 666/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF812E04FF241703FD78F74C" authority="J. L. Reyes-Hernandez" authorityName="J. L. Reyes-Hernandez" box="[176,641,1575,1599]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barclayi">Loncovilius barclayi J. L. Reyes-Hernández</taxonomicName>
[
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF812E04FD021703FD47F74D" box="[662,702,1575,1599]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
NHM ex. FMNH];
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3AC9FFF812E04FE9A1763FE7FF72C" box="[270,390,1607,1631]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nahuelbuta</collectingMunicipality>
IX
<location id="8EA7603EFF812E04FE251763FDC4F72C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FF812E05FEAC12D2FE55F23C:8EA7603EFF812E04FE251763FDC4F72C" box="[433,573,1607,1631]" country="Chile" municipality="Nahuelbuta" name="Region-Chile" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Region-Chile</location>
,
<date id="FFC61025FF812E04FDDE1763FD48F72C" box="[586,689,1607,1631]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1993-01-20">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFF812E04FDDE1763FD48F72C" box="[586,689,1607,1631]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1993-01-20">20-I-1993</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="268D5333FF812E04FD291763FF1BF70D" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Coll. T Curkovic</collectorName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF812E04FF7E1742FE1CF70D" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[234,485,1638,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semiflavus">Loncovilius? semiflavus</taxonomicName>
det.
<determinerName id="7E1BDA21FF812E04FDB11742FD80F70E" box="[549,633,1638,1661]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Newton</determinerName>
2000 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF812E04FD441742FD0EF70E" box="[720,759,1638,1662]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF812E04FF1317A1FF19F7EE" box="[135,224,1669,1693]" name="Chile" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:] COLL. CERDA MNHN
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FF812E04FDA317A1FEE3F7A8" collectingDate="1981-01-22" collectorName="Nahuelbuta Parque &amp; Mus" country="Chile" location="Santiago" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Region Metropolitana" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF812E04FDA317A1FD7FF7EE" box="[567,646,1669,1693]" name="Chile" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">CHILE</collectingCountry>
/
<collectorName id="268D5333FF812E04FD1917A1FF30F7CF" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nahuelbuta Parque</collectorName>
[-37.80, -73.01]
<date id="FFC61025FF812E04FEE71781FE25F7CE" box="[371,476,1701,1725]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1981-01-22">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFF812E04FEE71781FE25F7CE" box="[371,476,1701,1725]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1981-01-22">22.1.1981</collectingDate>
</date>
. P. [illegible] B/
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FF812E04FDEF1781FD2EF7CE" box="[635,727,1701,1725]" country="Chile" name="Region Metropolitana" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Santiago</collectingRegion>
<collectorName id="268D5333FF812E04FD481781FCF0F7CF" box="[732,777,1701,1724]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Mus</collectorName>
[MNNC
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF812E04FF7317E0FEF7F7A8" box="[231,270,1732,1756]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
]
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FF812E04FEBF17E0FE66F6C4" collectingDate="2005-01-25" collectingDateMax="2005-01-31" collectingDateMin="2005-01-25" collectorName="P. N. Nahuelbula &amp; Fairmaire" country="Chile" elevation="1200" location="Sv Bily" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Araucania" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF812E04FEBF17E0FE82F7AF" box="[299,379,1732,1756]" name="Chile" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">CHILE</collectingCountry>
, IX r.,
<date id="FFC61025FF812E04FE5F17E0FDB7F7AF" box="[459,590,1732,1756]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2005-01-25" valueMax="2005-01-31" valueMin="2005-01-25">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFF812E04FE5F17E0FDB7F7AF" box="[459,590,1732,1756]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2005-01-25" valueMax="2005-01-31" valueMin="2005-01-25">25-31.i.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="268D5333FF812E04FDC917E0FCF0F7AF" box="[605,777,1732,1756]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P.N. Nahuelbula</collectorName>
[
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FF812E04FF1217C7FF0AF788" box="[134,243,1763,1787]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
, Nahuelbuta National Park] 37°48
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FDFD17C6FD96F788" box="[617,623,1762,1787]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">ʹ</emphasis>
530 73°00
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FD4917C6FD1AF788" box="[733,739,1762,1787]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">ʹ</emphasis>
954 [-37.80, -73.01],
<quantity id="4C809B00FF812E04FEAD1627FE77F669" box="[313,398,1795,1819]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation id="0055D1D6FF812E04FEAD1627FE77F669" box="[313,398,1795,1819]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<location id="8EA7603EFF812E04FE091627FE11F668" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FF812E05FEAC12D2FE55F23C:8EA7603EFF812E04FE091627FE11F668" box="[413,488,1795,1819]" country="Chile" name="Sv Bily" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Araucania">Sv Bíly</location>
lgt./NHMD 916914 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF812E04FD751627FCF0F669" box="[737,777,1795,1819]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
NMPC]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF812E04FF651606FEBEF649" box="[241,327,1826,1850]" name="Chile" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: no exact location] col.
<collectorName id="268D5333FF812E04FDCE1606FD3FF649" box="[602,710,1826,1850]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fairmaire</collectorName>
/1251/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF812E04FF151665FEA8F62A" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[129,337,1857,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semiflavus" status="sp. nov.">Quedius semiflavus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFF812E04FEF41665FE75F62A" box="[352,396,1857,1881]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
/FMNH-INS 0000 024 190 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF812E04FD751665FCF0F62B" box="[737,777,1857,1881]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
MNNC ex. FMNH]. All
<typeStatus id="54C38847FF812E04FE091645FDF9F60A" box="[413,512,1889,1913]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
with label: PAÞTYPE
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF812E04FF1516A4FEB3F6EB" box="[129,330,1920,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barclayi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FF1516A4FEB3F6EB" box="[129,330,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Loncovilius barclayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF812E04FCAD11B5FB1BF076" blockId="32.[825,1474,144,262]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FCAD11B5FC66F1DB" box="[825,927,145,168]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Elytra yellow or yellowish-brown with black marks around mesoscutellum and on suture. Male tergite X trilobed (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF812E04FCD011EBFC66F194" box="[836,927,207,231]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 12H</figureCitation>
); female tergite X deeply emarginate medio-apically (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF812E04FCD011CAFC64F075" box="[836,925,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus as in Figure 11D–F.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF812E04FCAD101FFB15F09C" blockId="32.[823,1476,315,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FCAD101FFC49F021" box="[825,944,315,338]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Description:</emphasis>
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF812E04FBF5101AFB82F021" box="[1121,1147,318,338]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FAE7101FFA7FF021" box="[1395,1414,315,338]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">N</emphasis>
= 6]: FBL = 2.42–3.86 (3.56); TL = 7.13–7.5 (7.32); HW = 0.9– 0.98 (0.95); HL = 0.9–0.98 (0.95); HW/HL = 0.99–1.03 (1); PW = 1.19–1.31 (1.25); PL = 1.25–1.3 (1.28); PW/ PL = 0.93–1.02 (0.98); EW = 1.54–1.75 (1.64); EL = 1.45– 1.65 (1.56); PW/HW = 1.28–1.34 (1.31).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF812E04FCC110D3FAAEF33E" blockId="32.[823,1476,315,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF812E04FB9F10DEFBDCF37D" box="[1035,1061,506,526]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FBC510D3FB9DF37D" box="[1105,1124,503,526]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">N</emphasis>
= 1): FBL = 4.03; TL = 7.5; HW = 1.05; HL = 1; HW/HL = 1.05; PW = 1.38; PL = 1.38; PW/PL = 1; EW = 1.7; EL = 1.65; PW/HW = 1.31.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF812E04FCC11371FC3FF27A" blockId="32.[823,1476,315,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Head and pronotum yellow-orange; antennae, mouthparts, and legs yellow or yellowish-brown; elytra yellow or yellowish-brown with dark mark around mesoscutellum and on suture; meso- and metasternum, all coxae, femora and abdomen dark reddish-brown; abdominal tergites and sternites with pale posterior margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF812E04FCC11235FC14F4C8" blockId="32.[823,1476,315,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
Head from slightly wider than long, to slightly longer than wide; dorsally and ventrally glossy with few micropunctures and very fine microsculpture of transverse waves, without coarse non-setiferous punctures; posterior angles indistinct with sparse setiferous punctures of medium and small-size. Eyes medium size (EYL/HL = x = 0.52), from 1.4 to 1.55 times longer than length of temples (in lateral view); distance between eyes about equal to length of eye. Antennomeres 2 and 3 subequal in length; antennomeres 4 to 6 subequal in length; antennomeres 6 to 10 gradually reduced in length; a11 1.75 to 1.88 times as long as a
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males and
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females. Basal and parocular punctures usually single; posterior frontal puncture located anterior to temporal puncture; ventral basal ridge more or less straight in checkmark shape, almost united with gular sutures; postgenal ridge reduced; postmandibular ridge reaching close to eye margin; PMP greatly reduced; nuchal ridge present only laterally, fused with infraorbital ridge; gular sutures moderately separated. Mandibles without dorsolateral groove; labrum with trapezoidal sclerotized region and entire apical margin; mentum with seta alpha only; penultimate labial palpomere only weakly dilated apicad, subequal in width with more or less subconical apical palpomere.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF812E04FCC114E6FA42F704" blockId="32.[823,1476,315,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pronotum about as wide as long, strongly convex, evenly curved, with two PPDS, without APP, with one SLSP; flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension (or process) not interrupted by inferior line. Elytra evenly punctate, interspaces from about as long as, to two or four times as long as, diameter of punctures. Mesosternum with four macrosetae arranged in a row medially.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF812E04FCC1175AFABCF621" blockId="32.[823,1476,315,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Protibiae not sexually dimorphic, without laterodorsal row of thick spines in both sexes. In males, mesotarsomeres 1–4 with pale adhesive setae, mesotarsomeres 1–3 with terminal plate. In females, mesotarsomeres 2–4with pale adhesive setae without terminal plate. In both sexes, metatarsomeres 2–4 with pale adhesive setae, without terminal plate; metatarsomere 1 shorter than 5, metatarsomere 4 ventrally with apical margin straight or slightly sinuate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF812E05FCC1167DFE02F0D0" blockId="32.[823,1476,315,1968]" lastBlockId="33.[113,763,144,607]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
Abdominal tergites III and IV with only a few rows of coarse punctures of moderate density, with large impunctate area; tergite VIII distinctly emarginate medio-apically. Sternite III with basal transverse carina descending medially at a sharp point; lateral tergal sclerites IX not dorsoventrally or laterally flaưened. Male sternite VIII with strong, V-shaped emargination medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF802E05FF3D11CAFEFFF075" box="[169,262,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 14H</figureCitation>
); female sternite VIII with weak apical medial emargination; male sternite IX not emarginate medio-apically, its basal portion distinctly longer than distal portion; male tergite X trilobed (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF802E05FE8F1068FE8FF017" box="[283,374,332,356]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 12H</figureCitation>
); female tergite X deeply emarginate medio-apically (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF802E05FE8A104FFE84F0F0" box="[286,381,363,387]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
); ovipositor, its second gonocoxite with one macroseta medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF802E05FE3110AFFE13F0D0" box="[421,490,395,419]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[153,1420,143,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-7@17.[153,1420,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Details of the abdominal structures of Loncovilius species; tergites III and IV (A–E); ovipositor (F–H). A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. variabilis. C, L. edwardsianus. D, L. semiflavus. E, L. lividipennis. F, L. impunctus. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. edwardsianus." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig 9G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF802E05FF19108EFD02F32C" blockId="33.[113,763,144,607]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Aedeagus as in Figure 11D–F, its length ~ 1.46; median lobe rod-like, in parameral view apex deeply emarginate; internal sac with pair of long I-shaped copulatory sclerites. Paramere slightly produced over apex of median lobe, wider than median lobe, its sides converging into a deeply emarginate apex, with dark peg setae, in lateral view almost straight and slightly concave apically.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF802E05FFE513A4FD03F3C4" blockId="33.[113,763,640,695]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF802E05FFE513A4FF27F3EB" box="[113,222,640,664]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Etymology:</emphasis>
Ŋe species epithet is a patronym in recognition of Maxwell V.L.Barclay, in particular for his earlier mentoring of J.J.S..
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF802E05FFE513FDFE55F23C" blockId="33.[113,763,729,847]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF802E05FFE513FDFDD7F382" box="[113,558,729,753]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
Distribution and habitat:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF802E05FEF913FDFDD7F382" box="[365,558,729,753]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barclayi">Loncovilius barclayi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known only from
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF802E05FFE613DCFF55F263" box="[114,172,760,784]" name="Chile" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Chile</collectingCountry>
, from the
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FF802E05FE8E13DCFE78F263" box="[282,385,760,784]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FF802E05FE2313DCFDEDF263" box="[439,532,760,784]" country="Chile" name="Los Rios" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Los Ríos</collectingRegion>
regions, in the north-central portion of the Valdivian temperate forest ecoregion. It is unknown how it was collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

319
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF832E06FC7D1086FB38F0CE" bold="true" box="[1001,1217,418,445]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Loncovilius carlsbergi</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF832E06FC5210F6FACFF09F" bold="true" box="[966,1334,466,492]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
(
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF832E06FC4410F6FBC1F09F" box="[976,1080,466,492]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[153,1419,163,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-6@15.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Female habitus of Loncovilius species.A, L. lividipennis. B, L. carlsbergi. Head. C, L. hammondi. D, L. semiflavus. E, L. carlsbergi. F, Male mesotarsi of L. cantharoides." pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figs 7B, E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF832E06FBD510F6FB98F09F" box="[1089,1121,466,492]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1829,1853]" captionTargetBox="[183,1419,150,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-8@16.[183,1419,144,1799]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. A, pronotum of L. carlsbergi. AMRSP = anterior marginal row of setiferous punctures, APP = additional paired punctures adjacent to AMRSP, LLSP = large lateral setiferous puncture, LPSP = large posterior setiferous puncture, PPDS = paired punctures on dorsal serial, SLSP = sublateral setiferous puncture.B, L. cantharoides ventral view of mesotarsomere 3 with pale adhesive setae with terminal plate.C, L. cantharoides ventral view of metatarsomere 4, apical margin emarginated (bilobed), with pale adhesive setae without terminal plate. D, L. cantharoides tergites VI and VII.Black arrow up = anterior transverse basal carina (ATBC) laterally straight continuing to paratergites, white arrow down = ATBC descending laterally without reaching tergite margin.Head in ventral view of Loncovilius species. E, L. hammondi. F, L. lividipennis. PMP = postmandibular puncture, PMR = postmandibular ridge, EM = eye margin." pageId="34" pageNumber="35">8A</figureCitation>
, 11I, J, 12J, 13J, 14J)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF832E06FCAD1327FBE7F368" box="[825,1054,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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.
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF832E06FCAD1379FC32F307" box="[825,971,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Type material.</emphasis>
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:
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male, pinned, with labels as follows: [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FCD4135FFC6FF3E0" box="[832,918,635,659]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
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and Chilean
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF832E06FB21135FFA44F3E0" authority=", Puerto Eden" authorityName="Puerto Eden" box="[1205,1469,635,659]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antarctica">Antarctica, Puerto Edén</taxonomicName>
]
<collectorName id="268D5333FF832E06FCAD13BFFBB9F3C0" box="[825,1088,667,691]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Wellington Is. Pto. Eden</collectorName>
[-49.11, -74.40]
<date id="FFC61025FF832E06FB6A13BEFA91F3C1" box="[1278,1384,666,690]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1958-12-04">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFF832E06FB6A13BEFA91F3C1" box="[1278,1384,666,690]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1958-12-04">4.XII1958</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FAE413BEFA3BF3C1" box="[1392,1474,666,690]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
<location id="8EA7603EFF832E06FCAD139EFC56F3A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FF832E07FC7D1086FB1DF0EE:8EA7603EFF832E06FCAD139EFC56F3A1" box="[825,943,698,722]" country="Chile" name="Fr Kuschel" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" stateProvince="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena">Fr Kuschel</location>
/NHM [blue label]/NHMD 916967
</materialsCitation>
/
<typeStatus id="54C38847FF832E06FAA7139EFA3BF3A1" box="[1331,1474,698,722]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF832E06FCAF13FDFBE8F382" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[827,1041,729,753]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carlsbergi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF832E06FCAF13FDFBE8F382" box="[827,1041,729,753]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Loncovilius carlsbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022. Deposited at NHM.
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FF832E06FACF13DDFBFDF772" collectingDate="1958-11-20" collectingDateMax="1958-12-27" collectingDateMin="1958-11-20" collectorName="Wellington Is. Pto. Eden &amp; I. Puerto Eden &amp; Pto. Eden Wellington Is. &amp; Pena. Munoz, HM &amp; Fr. Kuschel &amp; P. Voillians" country="Chile" determinerName="A. Newton" elevation="12" location="Isla Wellington" municipality="Fr Kuschel" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" specimenCount="39" specimenCount-female="18" specimenCount-male="21" stateProvince="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF832E06FACF13DDFA3BF263" box="[1371,1474,761,784]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<typeStatus id="54C38847FF832E06FACF13DDFA44F263" box="[1371,1469,761,784]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
[
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FCD4123CFC6FF243" box="[832,918,792,816]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FF832E06FC31123CFBE1F243" box="[933,1048,792,816]" country="Chile" name="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Magallanes</collectingRegion>
and Chilean
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF832E06FB21123CFA44F243" authority=", Puerto Eden" authorityName="Puerto Eden" box="[1205,1469,792,816]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antarctica">Antarctica, Puerto Edén</taxonomicName>
]
<collectorName id="268D5333FF832E06FCAD1213FBCBF23C" box="[825,1074,823,847]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Wellington Is. Pto. Eden</collectorName>
<date id="FFC61025FF832E06FBA31213FB5FF23C" box="[1079,1190,823,847]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1958-12-04">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFF832E06FBA31213FB5FF23C" box="[1079,1190,823,847]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1958-12-04">4.XII.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FB3A1213FAF8F23C" box="[1198,1281,823,847]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3AC9FFF832E06FA93121CFA82F23C" box="[1287,1403,823,847]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fr Kuschel</collectingMunicipality>
/NHM [blue label] [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FC2F1273FC1DF21D" box="[955,996,855,879]" count="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FC7C1273FBF6F21D" box="[1000,1039,855,879]" count="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
NHM;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FBCB1273FB7FF21D" box="[1119,1158,855,879]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHMD ex. NHM;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FADA1273FA8CF21D" box="[1358,1397,855,879]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
CZUG ex. NHM;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FC321252FC36F2FE" box="[934,975,886,910]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
FMNH ex. NHM]; [same data as above except:]
<date id="FFC61025FF832E06FCAD12B1FC54F2DE" box="[825,941,917,941]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1958-11-20">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFF832E06FCAD12B1FC54F2DE" box="[825,941,917,941]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1958-11-20">20.XI.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
[
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FC2F12B1FC1CF2DF" box="[955,997,917,941]" count="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FC7F12B1FBEBF2DF" box="[1003,1042,917,941]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHM;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FBF212B1FB74F2DF" box="[1126,1165,917,941]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
FMNH ex. NHM]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FAFD12B1FA46F2DE" box="[1385,1471,917,941]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FF832E06FCAE1291FC54F2BE" box="[826,941,949,973]" country="Chile" name="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Magallanes</collectingRegion>
and Chilean Antarctica]
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF832E06FB591291FA42F2BE" box="[1229,1467,949,973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antarctica">Nothofagus antarctica</taxonomicName>
/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FCAD12F0FC7EF29F" box="[825,903,980,1004]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
HE
<collectorName id="268D5333FF832E06FC5412F0FBACF29F" box="[960,1109,980,1004]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">I.Puerto Eden</collectorName>
,
<location id="8EA7603EFF832E06FBF012F0FAFAF29F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FF832E07FC7D1086FB1DF0EE:8EA7603EFF832E06FBF012F0FAFAF29F" box="[1124,1283,980,1004]" country="Chile" municipality="Fr Kuschel" name="Isla Wellington" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" stateProvince="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena">Isla Wellington</location>
[-49.126, -74.40] 490S 40 ss.
<date id="FFC61025FF832E06FC3812D7FBE0F578" box="[940,1049,1011,1035]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1958-11-29">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFF832E06FC3812D7FBE0F578" box="[940,1049,1011,1035]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1958-11-29">29.xi.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
/NHM [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FBE012D7FB62F579" box="[1140,1179,1011,1035]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHM]; [same data as above except:]
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FC011537FC1AF558" box="[917,995,1043,1067]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
HE6. [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FBA71537FBA3F559" box="[1075,1114,1043,1067]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHM]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FB551537FAEEF558" box="[1217,1303,1043,1067]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FF832E06FAB61537FA6CF558" box="[1314,1429,1043,1067]" country="Chile" name="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Magallanes</collectingRegion>
and Chilean Antarctica] S.
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FB8F1516FB90F539" box="[1051,1129,1074,1098]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="268D5333FF832E06FBF91516FA99F53A" box="[1133,1376,1074,1098]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Pto. Edén Wellington Is.</collectorName>
[-49.126, -74.40] Dec.7-15,’62 PJDarlinton/FIELD MUSEUM ex MCZ (retained duplic.)/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF832E06FB931555FB0EF5FA" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[1031,1271,1137,1161]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lividipennis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF832E06FB931555FB0EF5FA" box="[1031,1271,1137,1161]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Loncovilius lividipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(F + G) det.
<determinerName id="7E1BDA21FF832E06FA3F1555FC74F5D4" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A. Newton</determinerName>
1993 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FC4215B4FC04F5D4" box="[982,1021,1168,1192]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
FMNH]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FBFB15B4FB3CF5DB" box="[1135,1221,1168,1192]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FF832E06FB5915B4FAB9F5DB" box="[1229,1344,1168,1192]" country="Chile" name="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Magallanes</collectingRegion>
and Chilean Antarctica]
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF832E06FC5E158BFB31F5B4" box="[970,1224,1199,1223]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antarctica">Nothofagus antarctica</taxonomicName>
/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FB44158BFAE7F5B4" box="[1232,1310,1199,1223]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="268D5333FF832E06FAA81594FC9CF594" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Pena.Munoz, HM</collectorName>
3.Gamero. 20–40 ss. [-52.33, -73.53,
<quantity id="4C809B00FF832E06FB6A15EBFAD6F594" box="[1278,1327,1231,1255]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="12.0">
<elevation id="0055D1D6FF832E06FB6A15EBFAD6F594" box="[1278,1327,1231,1255]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="12.0">12m</elevation>
</quantity>
]
<date id="FFC61025FF832E06FAD715EAFA43F595" box="[1347,1466,1230,1254]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1958-12-27">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFF832E06FAD715EAFA43F595" box="[1347,1466,1230,1254]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1958-12-27">27.xii.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
/ NHM [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FC1C15CAFC48F476" box="[904,945,1262,1286]" count="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FC2C15CAFC26F476" box="[952,991,1262,1286]" count="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
NHM;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FBA015CAFBA2F476" box="[1076,1115,1262,1286]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FBF515CAFB70F476" box="[1121,1161,1262,1286]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
MNNC ex. NHM]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FAFD15CAFA46F475" box="[1385,1471,1262,1286]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FF832E06FCAF1429FC57F456" box="[827,942,1293,1317]" country="Chile" name="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Magallanes</collectingRegion>
and Chilean Antarctica] Munoz Gamero [-52.33, -73.53]
<date id="FFC61025FF832E06FC061408FBF7F437" box="[914,1038,1324,1348]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1958-12-27">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFF832E06FC061408FBF7F437" box="[914,1038,1324,1348]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1958-12-27">27.XII.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FB821408FB90F437" box="[1046,1129,1324,1348]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="268D5333FF832E06FBE11409FB0CF436" box="[1141,1269,1325,1349]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fr. Kuschel</collectorName>
/Shore/NHM [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FA0C1409FA3BF437" box="[1432,1474,1325,1349]" count="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male">6♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FCAD1468FC99F410" box="[825,864,1356,1380]" count="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
NHM;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FC571468FC13F410" box="[963,1002,1356,1380]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
NHMD ex. NHM]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FB7D1468FAC6F417" box="[1257,1343,1356,1380]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FF832E06FADB1468FA3BF417" box="[1359,1474,1356,1380]" country="Chile" name="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Magallanes</collectingRegion>
and Chilean Antarctica]
<collectorName id="268D5333FF832E06FBD7144FFB52F4F0" box="[1091,1195,1387,1411]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">P.Voillians</collectorName>
[Puerto Williams, -54.93, -67.619] 10.1-1959/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF832E06FB9E14AEFBA4F4D1" box="[1034,1117,1418,1442]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CHILE</collectingCountry>
Fr Kuschel/4/NHM [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FADE14AFFA8BF4D1" box="[1354,1394,1419,1443]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
CZUG ex. NHM]. All
<typeStatus id="54C38847FF832E06FC71148EFBB1F4B1" box="[997,1096,1450,1474]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
with label: PAÞTYPE
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF832E06FAC0148EFC6CF492" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carlsbergi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF832E06FAC0148EFC6CF492" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Loncovilius carlsbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF832E06FCAD1707FB6EF70B" blockId="34.[824,1474,1570,1657]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF832E06FCAD1707FC66F749" box="[825,927,1571,1594]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Pronotum with APP. Elytra yellowish-brown. Sternite III with basal transverse carina evenly converging at an obtuse angle. Aedeagus as in Figure 11I, J.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF832E06FCAD17BFFB43F63C" blockId="34.[825,1475,1690,1996]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF832E06FCAD17BFFC49F7C1" box="[825,944,1691,1714]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Description:</emphasis>
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FBF517B9FB82F7C2" box="[1121,1147,1693,1713]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF832E06FAE717BFFA7FF7C1" box="[1395,1414,1691,1714]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">N</emphasis>
= 6]: FBL = 3.5–3.95 (3.69); TL = 6.47–7.17 (6.71); HW = 0.87– 0.95 (0.9); HL = 0.89–0.95 (0.91); HW/HL = 0.95–1.03 (0.99); PW = 1.19–1.3 (1.25); PL = 1.11–1.2 (1.16); PW/ PL = 1.03–1.13 (1.08); EW = 1.75–1.86 (1.81); EL = 1.46–1.8 (1.61); PW/HW = 1.36–1.44 (1.38).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF832E07FCC11672FE96F1B4" blockId="34.[825,1475,1690,1996]" lastBlockId="35.[112,764,144,1985]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFF832E06FC64167DFBF3F61E" box="[1008,1034,1881,1901]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF832E06FB7E1673FB04F61D" box="[1258,1277,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">N</emphasis>
= 6]: FBL = 3.73– 3.94 (3.85); TL = 6.82–8.54 (7.92); HW = 0.91–0.96 (0.94); HL = 0.93–0.97 (0.95); HW/HL = 0.98–1 (0.99); PW = 1.2– 1.36 (1.28); PL = 1.2–1.26 (1.23); PW/PL = 1–1.09 (1.04); EW = 1.71–1.96 (1.84); EL = 1.59–1.74 (1.67); PW/ HW = 1.32–1.42 (1.36).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF822E07FF1911EBFEABF036" blockId="35.[112,764,144,1985]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Head, mandibles, legs, last antennomeres, and last palpomeres dark-brown; first palpomeres and antennomeres, and elytra yellow; pronotum yellowish-brown; tergites and sternites with pale posterior margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF822E07FF191068FE68F500" blockId="35.[112,764,144,1985]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Head from slightly wider than long, to slightly longer than wide; dorsally and ventrally glossy with few micropunctures and microsculpture of transverse waves, without coarse non-setiferous punctures; posterior angles indistinct with several setiferous punctures of medium and small-size. Eyes small size (EYL/HL = x = 0.45), from 1.27 to 1.35 times as long as temples (in lateral view) in males and from 1 to 1.16 times in females; distance between eyes about 1.24 times as long as length of eye in males and 1.41 times in females. Antennomeres 2 and 3 subequal in length; antennomeres 4 to 7 subequal in length; antennomeres 8 antennomeres 10 subequal in length; a11 from 1.62 to 2 times as long as a
<quantity id="4C809B00FF822E07FE001381FE30F3CE" box="[404,457,677,701]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
males and from
<quantity id="4C809B00FF822E07FDE81380FF7CF3AF" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1275" metricValueMax="4.2926" metricValueMin="3.9624" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="in" value="1.625" valueMax="1.69" valueMin="1.56">1.56 to 1.69 in</quantity>
females. Basal and parocular punctures usually single; posterior frontal puncture located posterior to temporal puncture; without small setose punctures between frontoclypeal punctures and anterior frontal punctures; ventral basal ridge rather straight, ends distinctly far from gular sutures; postgenal ridge present; postmandibular ridge reaching close to eye margin; PMP greatly reduced; nuchal ridge present laterally and dorsally, fused with infraorbital ridge; gula without microsculpture medially, gular sutures moderately separated in males and widely in females. Mandibles without dorsolateral groove; labrum with trapezoidal sclerotized region and entire apical margin; mentum with seta alpha only; penultimate labial palpomere markedly dilated apicad, apical palpomere distinctly narrower than previous and more or less subconical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF822E07FF19155FFD87F45C" blockId="35.[112,764,144,1985]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Pronotum slightly transverse, convex, evenly curved, with two PPDS, with an APP, with one SLSP; flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension (process) not interrupted by inferior line. Elytra evenly punctate, interspaces from about as long as, to three or five times as long as, diameter of punctures. Mesosternum with five macrosetae arranged in two rows medially.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF822E07FF191413FF3CF759" blockId="35.[112,764,144,1985]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Protibiae sexually dimorphic, with laterodorsal row of thick spines only in females. In males, mesotarsomeres 1–4 with pale adhesive setae, mesotarsomeres 1–3 with terminal plate. In females, mesotarsomeres 2–4 with pale adhesive setae without terminal plate. In both sexes, metatarsomeres 2–4 with pale adhesive setae, without terminal plate; metatarsomere 1 moderately longer than 5, metatarsomere 4 ventrally with apical margin bilobed.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF822E07FF191715FD37F6D1" blockId="35.[112,764,144,1985]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Abdominal tergites III and IV with several rows of punctures of moderate size and density, without a sizeable impunctate area; tergite VIII emarginate medio-apically. Sternite III with basal transverse carina evenly converging at an obtuse angle; lateral tergal sclerites IX not dorsoventrally or laterally flaưened. Male sternite VIII with rectangular V-shaped emargination medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF822E07FFE817C9FF33F676" box="[124,202,1773,1797]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14J</figureCitation>
); female sternite VIII with arcuate emargination medially; male sternite IX with obtuse emargination medially, its basal portion moderately longer than distal portion; male tergite X with U-shaped emargination medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF822E07FDDA166FFD64F610" box="[590,669,1867,1891]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 12J</figureCitation>
); female tergite X with U-shaped emargination medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF822E07FDFE164FFD43F6F0" box="[618,698,1899,1923]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 13J</figureCitation>
); ovipositor, its second gonocoxite with one macroseta medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF822E07FF19168DFD4FF6B2" blockId="35.[112,764,144,1985]" box="[141,694,1961,1985]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Aedeagus as in Figure 11I, J; its total length 1.35–1.45.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF822E07FCBE11B4FAADF076" blockId="35.[810,1459,144,262]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF822E07FCBE11B4FC60F1DB" box="[810,921,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Etymology:</emphasis>
Ŋe species epithet is in honour of the Denmarkbased Carlsberg beer brewery, whose generous grants and beverages have facilitated much research in the Solodovnikov Lab. In addition, the male aedeagus resembles a boưle opener.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF822E07FCBE1003FB1DF0EE" blockId="35.[809,1459,295,413]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF822E07FCBE1003FB15F04C" box="[810,1260,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Distribution and habitat:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF822E07FB8B1003FB15F04C" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[1055,1260,295,319]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carlsbergi">Loncovilius carlsbergi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known only from the Magallanes and Chilean
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF822E07FBD31063FB48F02C" box="[1095,1201,327,351]" name="Antarctica" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
Region of
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF822E07FA891063FAAEF02C" box="[1309,1367,327,351]" name="Chile" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Chile</collectingCountry>
, where it occurs in lowlands confined to Magellanic subpolar forest ecoregions. It is unknown how it was collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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Genus
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Coiffait and Sáiz, 1966
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(
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)
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Coiffait and Sáiz 1966: 403 [original description; as subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FF1F1245FF00F20A" box="[139,249,865,889]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FF1F1245FF00F20A" box="[139,249,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Loncovilius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; species included:
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FE231246FDDEF20A" box="[439,551,866,889]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">aeneipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FDDA1245FD84F20A" box="[590,637,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">heeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FD071245FD0DF20A" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[659,756,865,889]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discoideus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FD071245FD0DF20A" box="[659,756,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">discoideus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FFE512A5FF3EF2EB" box="[113,199,897,920]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FFE512A5FF3EF2EB" box="[113,199,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">germaini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FF6812A5FE89F2EA" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Solier" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[252,368,897,921]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lienturius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leiocephalus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FF6812A5FE89F2EA" box="[252,368,897,921]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">leiocephalus</emphasis>
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]; Sáiz 1969: 9 (subgenus of
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FD1B12A5FD0AF2EB" box="[655,755,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Lienturius</emphasis>
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; notes); Sáiz 1971: 382, 383 (subgenus of
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FDAF1285FD66F2CB" box="[571,671,929,952]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Lienturius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; characters;
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); Newton, 2022 [synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FD88129BFED7F284" authority="Scheerpeltz, 1972" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" authorityYear="1972" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Apoquedius">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FD88129BFD95F2A4" box="[540,620,959,983]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Quedius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FDE9129BFD16F2A4" box="[637,751,959,983]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Apoquedius</emphasis>
) Scheerpeltz, 1972
</taxonomicName>
].
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species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FF63153CFD87F543" authority="(Solier, 1849)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Solier" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[247,638,1048,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lienturius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leiocephalus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FF63153CFE13F543" bold="true" box="[247,490,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Lienturius leiocephalus</emphasis>
(Solier, 1849)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FD17153CFD03F543" bold="true" box="[643,762,1048,1072]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFF842E01FD17153CFD03F543" box="[643,762,1048,1072]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF842E01FFE51576FE35F7EE" blockId="37.[112,764,1105,1693]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FFE51576FF2EF51A" box="[113,215,1106,1129]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Ŋe phylogenetic relationship of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FDB91576FD68F51A" authorityName="Coiffait and Saiz" authorityYear="1966" box="[557,657,1106,1129]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lienturius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FDB91576FD68F51A" box="[557,657,1106,1129]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Lienturius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the rest of the
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FF251555FEC6F5FA" authorityName="Seevers" authorityYear="1944" box="[177,319,1137,1161]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Amblyopinini">Amblyopinini</taxonomicName>
genera remains unknown, so it is likely that the diagnosis of this genus will change as we wait for the results of our pending phylogenomic research. For the moment the only species of this genus is distinguished based on the combination of the following characters: head with three or more paraocular punctures on each side (not in a row), of which at least one is close to the eye margin and one is far from the eye margin and the remaining paraocular punctures, posterior frontal puncture anterior to temporal puncture; flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension (process) rounded and not interrupted by inferior line; elytra without humeral spines or spine-like setae; two short empodial setae on each tarsomere 5; tergites III–VI with PTBC, sternite III with basal transverse carina converging abruptly at an acute angle with rounded tip.
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FE38172DFDE9F753" authorityName="Coiffait and Saiz" authorityYear="1966" box="[428,528,1545,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lienturius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FE38172DFDE9F753" box="[428,528,1545,1568]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Lienturius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FF3E1703FEE1F74C" box="[170,280,1575,1599]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FF3E1703FEE1F74C" box="[170,280,1575,1599]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Loncovilius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a complete frontoclypeal suture; ventral side of meso- and metatarsi in males and females without pale adhesive setae; presence of protergal glands; presence of PTBC in tergites III to VI.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF842E01FFE5179BFD29F7A4" blockId="37.[113,720,1727,1751]" box="[113,720,1727,1751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FFE5179BFF16F7A4" box="[113,239,1727,1751]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Distribution:</emphasis>
Only known from the Southern zone of
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF842E01FD05179BFD32F7A4" box="[657,715,1727,1751]" name="Chile" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chile</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF842E01FFE517CAFB72F0F0" blockId="37.[113,763,1774,1986]" lastBlockId="37.[810,1459,144,387]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FFE517CAFF36F675" box="[113,207,1774,1798]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Remarks:</emphasis>
Ŋe new combination implemented here [
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FD0317CBFE81F656" authority="(Solier, 1849)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Solier" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lienturius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leiocephalus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FD0317CBFF1CF656" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Lienturius leiocephalus</emphasis>
(Solier, 1849)
</taxonomicName>
] is supported by the phylogenetic analysis based on eight homoplasious synapomorphies: right mandible with proximal tooth and distal tooth, distal tooth not bifid, space between proximal and distal teeth narrow and smooth (character 24, state 2); labrum, shape of anterior margin (only sclerotized part, excluding apical membrane where present) entire, without emargination (character 28, state 1); three or more paraocular punctures (character 41, state 2); posterior frontal puncture anterior to temporal puncture (character 42, state 0); pronotum with SLSP (character 55, state 1); protarsi with tarsomeres 1–3 as long as wide (character 63, state 0); tergite VI with PTBC (character 89, state 1); sternite III with basal transverse carina converging abruptly at an acute angle with rounded tip (character 99, state 3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<heading id="D08F8189FF842E01FCF1108AFA81F0BB" bold="true" box="[869,1400,430,457]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="3">
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Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FC3B108AFAE0F0BB" ID-CoL="8XPYL" authority="Bernhauer, 1941" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[943,1305,430,457]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FC3B108AFB9BF0BA" bold="true" box="[943,1122,430,457]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius</emphasis>
Bernhauer, 1941
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFF842E01FA89108AFA81F0BB" box="[1309,1400,430,456]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF842E01FBA310C6FB5FF08F" blockId="37.[1079,1190,482,508]" box="[1079,1190,482,508]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FBA310C6FB5FF08F" bold="true" box="[1079,1190,482,508]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
(
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF842E01FBD610C6FB62F08F" box="[1090,1179,482,508]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="38.[129,194,1066,1090]" captionTargetBox="[129,1472,144,1039]" captionTargetId="figure-496@38.[129,1473,144,1039]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of Amblyopinini genera.A, Apoquedius aeneipennis (Fairmaire and Germain, 1862). B, Lienturius leiocephalus (Solier, 1849). C, Sphingoquedius discoideus (Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF842E01FCBE133DFC7AF219" blockId="37.[809,1460,537,874]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FCBE133DFB43F342" authority="Bernhauer 1941: 27" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityPageNumber="27" authorityYear="1941" box="[810,1210,537,561]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCBE133DFC3BF342" box="[810,962,537,561]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius</emphasis>
Bernhauer 1941: 27
</taxonomicName>
(original description; species included:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FC7A131CFBCBF323" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[1006,1074,568,592]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FC7A131CFBCBF323" box="[1006,1074,568,592]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">strandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Klimaszewski
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FB7E131DFAE3F323" box="[1258,1306,568,592]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
. (1996): 151 (
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FCA11373FC34F31C" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[821,973,599,623]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCA11373FC34F31C" box="[821,973,599,623]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; endemic to
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF842E01FBC2137CFB1FF31C" box="[1110,1254,599,623]" name="New Zealand" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
); Solodovnikov and Schomann 2009: 34 (included in phylogenetic analysis); Jenkins Shaw and Solodovnikov (2016): 22 (absent on Lord Howe Island); Solodovnikov and Brunke (2016): 43 (new combination); Solodovnikov and Jenkins Shaw (2017): 318 (notes on relationship); Jenkins Shaw
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FBDD13D1FB88F27F" box="[1097,1137,756,780]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
. 2017: 714 (included in phylogenetic analysis); Jenkins Shaw
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FBE21230FB67F258" box="[1142,1182,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
. 2020a: 45 (notes on relationship); Jenkins Shaw
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FB8B1217FBB1F238" box="[1055,1096,819,843]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
. 2020b: 2 (description of new fossil species).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF842E01FCBE12B1FAB8F2DF" blockId="37.[810,1345,916,940]" box="[810,1345,916,940]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCBE12B1FC5FF2DF" box="[810,934,917,940]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<typeStatus id="54C38847FF842E01FCBE12B1FCA3F2DF" box="[810,858,917,940]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FC3F12B0FAC5F2DF" authority="Bernhauer, 1941" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[939,1340,916,940]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FC3F12B0FB74F2DF" box="[939,1165,916,940]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius strandi</emphasis>
Bernhauer, 1941
</taxonomicName>
.
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<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF842E01FCBE12E9FA74F530" blockId="37.[810,1459,973,1091]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCBE12E9FC3EF296" box="[810,967,973,997]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Included species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FC4512E9FACDF296" authority="(Saiz 1971)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Saiz" baseAuthorityYear="1971" box="[977,1332,973,997]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FC4512E9FB41F296" bold="true" box="[977,1208,973,997]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius brevis</emphasis>
(Sáiz 1971)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FAAD12E9FA57F296" bold="true" box="[1337,1454,973,997]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFF842E01FAAD12E9FA57F296" box="[1337,1454,973,997]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FCBE12C9FB15F576" authority="(Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[810,1260,1004,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discoideus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCBE12C9FC54F577" bold="true" box="[810,941,1004,1029]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCBE12C9FCCEF576" bold="true" box="[810,823,1005,1029]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCD612C8FC54F577" bold="true" box="[834,941,1004,1028]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">discoideus</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FB6412C9FA93F576" bold="true" box="[1264,1386,1005,1029]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFF842E01FB6412C9FA9CF576" box="[1264,1381,1005,1029]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FAFA12C9FBCDF557" authority="Jenkins Shaw et al., 2020 b" authorityName="Jenkins Shaw" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meto">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FAFA12C9FA82F577" box="[1390,1403,1005,1028]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FA1012C9FA4AF577" box="[1412,1459,1005,1028]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">meto</emphasis>
Jenkins Shaw et al., 2020b
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FBAA1528FAE0F557" authority="(Saiz, 1971)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Saiz" baseAuthorityYear="1971" box="[1086,1305,1036,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cheilocolpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nanus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FBAA1528FB6FF550" bold="true" box="[1086,1174,1036,1060]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FBAA1528FBB3F557" bold="true" box="[1086,1098,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FBC31528FB6FF550" bold="true" box="[1111,1174,1036,1059]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">nanus</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(Sáiz, 1971)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FA8B1528FA6FF557" bold="true" box="[1311,1430,1036,1060]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFF842E01FA8B1528FA6FF557" box="[1311,1430,1036,1060]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FA351528FB8EF530" authority="(Duvivier, 1883)" baseAuthorityName="Duvivier" baseAuthorityYear="1883" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="novaezeelandiae">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FA351528FA57F550" box="[1441,1454,1036,1059]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCBE150FFC3CF530" box="[810,965,1067,1091]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">novaezeelandiae</emphasis>
(Duvivier, 1883)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FB141508FA70F530" authority="Bernhauer, 1941" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[1152,1417,1067,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FB141508FB74F530" box="[1152,1165,1068,1091]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FB0C150FFB22F530" box="[1176,1243,1067,1091]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">strandi</emphasis>
Bernhauer, 1941
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF842E01FCBE1542FAEDF4C4" blockId="37.[810,1460,1125,1463]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCBE1542FC69F50E" box="[810,912,1126,1149]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Ŋe diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FBC11541FB14F50E" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[1109,1261,1125,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FBC11541FB14F50E" box="[1109,1261,1125,1149]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is likely to change pending phylogenomic results; however, these species can be tentatively placed in
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FC6A1580FB6FF5CF" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[1022,1174,1188,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FC6A1580FB6FF5CF" box="[1022,1174,1188,1212]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the large eyes and presence of patches of pale radiating setae on abdominal tergites III and IV. American
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FB8C15C7FB49F588" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[1048,1200,1251,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FB8C15C7FB49F588" box="[1048,1200,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FCF01426FC2BF469" box="[868,978,1282,1306]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCF01426FC2BF469" box="[868,978,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Loncovilius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by empodial setae as long as the tarsal claws; ventral side of meso- and metatarsi in males and females without pale adhesive setae; presence of protergal glands; presence of patches of pale radiating setae on abdominal tergites; sternite III with basal transverse carina converges abruptly at an acute angle with rounded tip (projection sides invaginated).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF842E01FCBE14FFFC82F702" blockId="37.[810,1459,1499,1649]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCBE14FFFC51F480" box="[810,936,1499,1523]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Distribution:</emphasis>
Asser the taxonomic changes implemented here,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FCBE14DFFC3BF760" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[810,962,1531,1555]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCBE14DFFC3BF760" box="[810,962,1531,1555]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF842E01FBAB14DFFB37F760" box="[1087,1230,1531,1555]" name="New Zealand" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
and southern South America. A single fossil species (
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FBEC173EFABCF741" box="[1144,1349,1562,1586]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meto">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FBEC173EFABCF741" box="[1144,1349,1562,1586]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius meto</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is known from the earliest Miocene of
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF842E01FBC3171EFB19F722" box="[1111,1248,1593,1617]" name="New Zealand" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
(Jenkins Shaw
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FA11171EFA54F722" box="[1413,1453,1593,1617]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
. 2020b).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF842E02FCBE17B4FF2AF5B5" blockId="37.[809,1460,1680,1986]" lastBlockId="38.[129,778,1166,1441]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCBE17B4FC71F7DB" box="[810,904,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Remarks:</emphasis>
Ŋe new combinations implemented here [
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FCA1178BFB6BF7B4" authority="(Saiz, 1971)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Saiz" baseAuthorityYear="1971" box="[821,1170,1711,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nanus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCA1178BFBF4F7B4" box="[821,1037,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius nanus</emphasis>
(Sáiz, 1971)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FB0A178BFC93F794" authority="(Saiz, 1971)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Saiz" baseAuthorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FB0A178BFA8DF7B4" box="[1182,1396,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius brevis</emphasis>
(Sáiz, 1971)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FC1617EBFC93F675" authority="(Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" baseAuthorityYear="1862" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discoideus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FC1617EBFB75F794" box="[898,1164,1743,1767]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius discoideus</emphasis>
(Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)
</taxonomicName>
] are supported by the phylogenetic analysis where species of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FCE11629FBF4F656" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[885,1037,1805,1829]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FCE11629FBF4F656" box="[885,1037,1805,1829]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sphingoquedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are united based on two unique synapomorphies: empodial setae longer or at least as long as tarsal claws (character 62, state 1; empodial setae missing in
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FAD41668FA58F617" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[1344,1441,1868,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FAD41668FAB4F610" box="[1344,1357,1868,1891]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FAC91668FA58F617" box="[1373,1441,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">strandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); abdomen with tergites III and IV bearing patches of pale radiating setae (character 93, state 2; also see: Jenkins Shaw
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FA1516AFFA54F6D0" box="[1409,1453,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
. 2020b: fig. 2.3); and a single homoplasious synapomorphy: postmandibular ridge located close to eye margin (character 16, state 1).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF07666DFF872E02FF15150EFD44F52C" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" startId="38.[129,194,1066,1090]" targetBox="[129,1472,144,1039]" targetPageId="38" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF872E02FF15150EFD44F52C" blockId="38.[129,1473,1066,1119]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF872E02FF15150EFF1CF530" bold="true" box="[129,229,1066,1091]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figure 15.</emphasis>
Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF872E02FEC6150FFE2FF530" authorityName="Seevers" authorityYear="1944" box="[338,470,1067,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Amblyopinini">Amblyopinini</taxonomicName>
genera. A,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF872E02FDAA150FFBBDF530" authority="(Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[574,1092,1067,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Apoquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneipennis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF872E02FDAA150FFCEDF531" box="[574,788,1067,1091]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Apoquedius aeneipennis</emphasis>
(Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)
</taxonomicName>
. B,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF872E02FBF1150FFA45F530" authority="(Solier, 1849)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Solier" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[1125,1468,1067,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lienturius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leiocephalus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF872E02FBF1150FFACAF530" box="[1125,1331,1067,1091]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Lienturius leiocephalus</emphasis>
(Solier, 1849)
</taxonomicName>
. C,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF872E02FF0F1563FD41F52C" authority="(Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[155,696,1095,1119]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discoideus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF872E02FF0F1563FE7EF52C" box="[155,391,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Sphingoquedius discoideus</emphasis>
(Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF872E02FF0815EAFE04F4D2" blockId="38.[129,778,1166,1441]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
Numerous described and undescribed species from
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF872E02FD4D15EAFF2DF476" name="New Zealand" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF872E02FE9815C9FE9EF476" box="[268,359,1261,1285]" name="Australia" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Australia</collectingCountry>
may also belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF872E02FDD615C9FD23F476" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[578,730,1261,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF872E02FDD615C9FD23F476" box="[578,730,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Sphingoquedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and will be dealt with separately pending further study. Even though the generic placement of the new combinations implemented here may change further, their placement in
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF872E02FDCC146FFD09F410" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1941" box="[600,752,1355,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sphingoquedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF872E02FDCC146FFD09F410" box="[600,752,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Sphingoquedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is supported by the phylogenetic analysis and can at least be regarded as a step in the right direction.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="A176B017BF923A205995607D98E1C8D6">Phylogeny-based taxonomic revision and niche modelling of the rove beetle genus Loncovilius Germain, 1903 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="43FB4E03FF38E5E8276FDA9D84949610">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark &amp; Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1D71F0AA4A3A94204C22799D6EEE6109">Solodovnikov, Alexey</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F2AF845E37D11CA6C2C3639EBA0FDD70">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="1EA60A1C17EB77CF87E42844325FE28A">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9E00DB6DD8B9D914D08A7BF4736C9E83">
<mods:date id="FB5966FB70FDCB7B18DB915D8D7B2F5C">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="6F0FC9550824B8FEDD2126522320D842">Zool. J. Linn. Soc.</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="7A6C3B889EAA4DA76FE9EE86F91E6FF4">2023-10-28</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C362656EFF852E00FC11135AFA8FF3EB" box="[901,1398,638,665]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF852E00FC11135AFA8FF3EB" blockId="36.[901,1398,638,665]" box="[901,1398,638,665]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="D08F8189FF852E00FC11135AFA8FF3EB" bold="true" box="[901,1398,638,665]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FC11135AFA8FF3EB" bold="true" box="[901,1398,638,665]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FC5B135AFAEEF3EB" authority="Scheerpeltz, 1972" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" authorityYear="1972" box="[975,1303,638,665]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Apoquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FC5B135AFBACF3EA" bold="true" box="[975,1109,638,665]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Apoquedius</emphasis>
Scheerpeltz, 1972
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFF852E00FA88135AFA8FF3EB" box="[1308,1398,638,664]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C362656EFF852E01FBD31389FE64F3CE" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF852E00FBD31389FB4DF3B4" blockId="36.[1095,1204,685,711]" box="[1095,1204,685,711]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FBD31389FB4DF3B4" bold="true" box="[1095,1204,685,711]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
(
<figureCitation id="13432A60FF852E00FBC61389FB50F3B4" box="[1106,1193,685,711]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="38.[129,194,1066,1090]" captionTargetBox="[129,1472,144,1039]" captionTargetId="figure-496@38.[129,1473,144,1039]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of Amblyopinini genera.A, Apoquedius aeneipennis (Fairmaire and Germain, 1862). B, Lienturius leiocephalus (Solier, 1849). C, Sphingoquedius discoideus (Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)." pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF852E00FCAD13C0FAB2F229" blockId="36.[825,1474,740,858]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FCAD13C0FB51F38F" authority="Scheerpeltz, 1972: 24" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" authorityPageNumber="24" authorityYear="1972" box="[825,1192,740,764]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Apoquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FCAD13C0FC52F38F" box="[825,939,740,764]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Apoquedius</emphasis>
Scheerpeltz, 1972: 24
</taxonomicName>
, 25 (original description; as subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FC7B1227FBC6F268" box="[1007,1087,771,795]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FC7B1227FBC6F268" box="[1007,1087,771,795]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Quedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; included species:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FA891220FA74F268" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[1309,1421,772,795]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneipennis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FA891220FA74F268" box="[1309,1421,772,795]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">aeneipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FCAD1207FC61F248" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Bernhauer" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[825,920,803,827]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Apoquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piciformis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FCAD1207FC61F248" box="[825,920,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">piciformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Herman 2001a: 24 (synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FAD61207FA49F248" box="[1346,1456,803,827]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FAD61207FA49F248" box="[1346,1456,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Loncovilius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Newton, 2022 (synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FBCD1266FABEF229" authorityName="Coiffait &amp; Saiz" authorityYear="1966" box="[1113,1351,834,858]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Lienturius">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FBCD1266FB3EF229" box="[1113,1223,834,858]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Loncovilius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FB431267FAC2F229" box="[1239,1339,835,858]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Lienturius</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF852E00FCAD1258FC0DF2C0" blockId="36.[825,1474,891,947]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FCAD1258FC57F2E0" box="[825,942,892,915]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<typeStatus id="54C38847FF852E00FCAD1258FC90F2E0" box="[825,873,892,915]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Type</typeStatus>
genus:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FC22125FFC81F2C0" authority="(Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" baseAuthorityYear="1862" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Apoquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneipennis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FC22125FFB4FF2E0" bold="true" box="[950,1206,891,915]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Apoquedius aeneipennis</emphasis>
(Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FCEA12BFFC0DF2C0" bold="true" box="[894,1012,923,947]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFF852E00FCEA12BFFC0DF2C0" box="[894,1012,923,947]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF852E00FCAD12F0FC49F558" blockId="36.[825,1474,980,1067]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FCAD12F0FC1DF29F" box="[825,996,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Included species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FB9212F0FC18F578" authority="(Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" baseAuthorityYear="1862" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Apoquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneipennis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FB9212F0FAF7F29F" bold="true" box="[1030,1294,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Apoquedius aeneipennis</emphasis>
(Fairmaire and Germain, 1862)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FC7D12D7FB9BF578" bold="true" box="[1001,1122,1011,1035]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFF852E00FC7D12D7FB9BF578" box="[1001,1122,1011,1035]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FBFB12D7FA3BF578" authority="(Bernhauer, 1912)" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Bernhauer" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[1135,1474,1011,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Apoquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piciformis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FBFB12D7FB01F578" bold="true" box="[1135,1272,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A. piciformis</emphasis>
(Bernhauer, 1912)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FCAD1537FC49F558" bold="true" box="[825,944,1043,1067]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFF852E00FCAD1537FC49F558" box="[825,944,1043,1067]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF852E00FCAD1569FB8EF70B" blockId="36.[825,1476,1100,1657]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FCAD1569FBD1F517" box="[825,1064,1100,1124]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
Diagnosis:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FC221568FBD1F517" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" authorityYear="1972" box="[950,1064,1100,1124]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Apoquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Apoquedius</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be diagnosed based on the head with frontoclypeal suture distinct only laterally; wide neck; paraocular punctures present; apical segment of maxillary palpi fusiform; apical segment of labial palpi fusiform, widest at the middle portion; apical labial palpomere distinctly longer than penultimate labial palpomere; flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension or process elongated and thin; two short empodial setae on each tarsal 5 segment; metacoxae with more than four spines on the posterior surface; abdomen with apical row of setae at the anterior margin of tergites and sternites III–VI; anterior margin of tergites III–VI distinctly crenulate.
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FB5314A1FAC0F4EE" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" authorityYear="1972" box="[1223,1337,1413,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Apoquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FB5314A1FAC0F4EE" box="[1223,1337,1413,1437]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Apoquedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FC711481FBAAF4CE" box="[997,1107,1445,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FC711481FBAAF4CE" box="[997,1107,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Loncovilius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the shape of the maxillary palps, which are fusiform; the shape of the postcoxal process which is thin and elongated; ventral side of meso- and metatarsi in males and females without pale adhesive setae; presence of protergal glands; presence of PTBC in tergites III to V; the most apical row of setae at the apical margin of tergites and sternites III to VI giving a crenulated appearance.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF852E00FCAD17BEFC5CF7A2" blockId="36.[825,1474,1690,1745]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FCAD17BEFC4EF7C1" box="[825,951,1690,1714]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Distribution:</emphasis>
As of now,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FBA917BEFB56F7C1" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" authorityYear="1972" box="[1085,1199,1690,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Apoquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FBA917BEFB56F7C1" box="[1085,1199,1690,1714]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Apoquedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF852E00FACE17BEFA6BF7C1" box="[1370,1426,1690,1714]" name="Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Chile</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF852E00FCAD179DFC58F7A2" box="[825,929,1721,1745]" name="Argentina" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Argentina</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FF852E01FCAD17D7FE64F3CE" blockId="36.[825,1474,1779,1959]" lastBlockId="37.[112,764,144,701]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FCAD17D7FC6EF678" box="[825,919,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Remarks:</emphasis>
Ŋe monophyly of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF852E00FB1017D7FB0FF678" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" authorityYear="1972" box="[1156,1270,1779,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Apoquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF852E00FB1017D7FB0FF678" box="[1156,1270,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Apoquedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is supported by a unique synapomorphy: flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension or process elongated and thin (character 58, state 1); and 11 homoplastic synapomorphies: head with frontoclypeal suture distinct only laterally (character 1, state 1); infraorbital ridge (IOR) not merged with postgenal ridge (PGR) (character 17, state 1); apical segment of maxillary palpi more or less fusiform, widest at its middle portion (character 29, state 0); apical segment of labial palpi more or less fusiform, widest at the middle portion (character 32, state 0); apical labial palpomere distinctly longer than penultimate labial palpomere (character 33, state 1); two parocular punctures on each side (character 41, state 1); basisternum from about as long as to moderately longer than furcasternum (character 46, state 0); protibiae, apical tibial spur distinctly outside tibial margin (character 66, state 1); more than four spines on the posterior surface of metacoxae (character 73, state 1); mesothorax with sternopleural (anapleural) suture transverse, or nearly transverse (very slightly oblique) (character 79, state 0); abdomen with apical row of setae at the anterior margin of tergites and sternites III–VI and anterior margin of tergites III–VI distinctly crenulate (character 90, state 1). Several undescribed species from southern South America and one described species from
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FF842E01FEF913A1FE36F3EE" box="[365,463,645,669]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
likely belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF842E01FD1C13A1FD03F3EE" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" authorityYear="1972" box="[648,762,645,669]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Apoquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF842E01FD1C13A1FD03F3EE" box="[648,762,645,669]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Apoquedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pending further examination.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<mods:title id="02685188EED87427E93CF6B3C5A8D6C6">Phylogeny-based taxonomic revision and niche modelling of the rove beetle genus Loncovilius Germain, 1903 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1E86C738B58DE7F204FC7EF2B0DD2A56">Reyes-Hernández, José L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="99840F2148EC000F32457D644C5451C7">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0AF8A97BA45066BD430F30712A34165C" type="email">jl.reyeshdez@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:role id="52B0D3ADD41DAEBB435C39B9D58CFE9B">
<mods:roleTerm id="487E4A41D9C1B146FA5224EAD78E11D1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E9703B50801EF488660D9F1ABA5ABF9A">Hansen, Aslak Kappel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3BD17445BAA8EAF5B8EA1DA781007C3F">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark &amp; Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="EF9B94DC005C36B295004FC2D98317BF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="267F4F0D426ECF02BC41D64DB579984A">Shaw, Josh Jenkins</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D7A0809073490EA1541D5E0951BECB0D">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="77A0FAC02E03C2648430ACE6DD184AFF">Solodovnikov, Alexey</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5FA1B9ED6D42A3D715BD717D8C136820">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:titleInfo id="90855BCA57D6FF2896EA4ACD58E03321">
<mods:title id="F6CFEC3DDEAD5D27884400AAD4AF2D62">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E2DB2304BF0A272139A4C050F2C8FBA9">
<mods:date id="9907780F3BC73546157022289FE1A278">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D6085189713AEE8D5AF7970765BFDCD9" type="series">
<mods:title id="E748ED44E5FA0805137DAFB55378846A">Zool. J. Linn. Soc.</mods:title>
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<mods:detail id="83CFDBE025939464D3E45F688CA2D59F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="8DD916FED5B4171E84344D323614DF3C">2023-10-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="F998DB0A84A19FAB7E9E1B7BE91E9136" type="volume">
<mods:number id="71C83463C5DA2ACD37C487F7505A6C89">202</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A37D2E42377A122F309CDE91C199107F">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="4FC5C2F4019F26E8E9FF6DEEBECCBB5E">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="D2CC7425365230300F07084240F66F21">42</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="586F9D65BE495123BA6989059D04FC9A">
<mods:url id="723DEF59E42E0ECDFFC37D15146F624A">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad143</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="78534EAF50226EC95DC44CC67C457A2C" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad143</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3F314EDEA7B511B65AE11B54C76E91A5" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4DEE7968ED2E57F0B93705BAE411E1BB" type="Zenodo-Dep">14541979</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D187F3FFB82E3EFE8E175FFEF9F74C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541985" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14541985" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FFB82E3EFE8E175FFEF9F74C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D187F3FFB82E3EFE8E175FFEF9F74C" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<subSubSection id="C362656EFFB82E3DFE8E175FFDA8F7E5" box="[282,593,1659,1686]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3DFE8E175FFDA8F7E5" blockId="25.[282,593,1659,1686]" box="[282,593,1659,1686]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="D08F8189FFB82E3DFE8E175FFDA8F7E5" bold="true" box="[282,593,1659,1686]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFE8E175FFDA8F7E5" bold="true" box="[282,593,1659,1686]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFE8E175FFDF8F7E5" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[282,513,1659,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hammondi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFE8E175FFDF8F7E5" bold="true" box="[282,513,1659,1686]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Loncovilius hammondi</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFFB82E3DFD911758FDA8F7E5" box="[517,593,1660,1686]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C362656EFFB82E3EFF601789FEF9F74C" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3DFF601789FD81F7B4" blockId="25.[244,632,1709,1736]" box="[244,632,1709,1736]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFF601789FD81F7B4" bold="true" box="[244,632,1709,1736]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
(
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFF6B1789FEB5F7BB" box="[255,332,1709,1736]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[154,1419,145,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-6@13.[153,1420,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5. Female habitus of Loncovilius species.A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 5B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFEC21789FE8EF7B4" box="[342,375,1709,1735]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[153,1419,163,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-6@15.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Female habitus of Loncovilius species.A, L. lividipennis. B, L. carlsbergi. Head. C, L. hammondi. D, L. semiflavus. E, L. carlsbergi. F, Male mesotarsi of L. cantharoides." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">7C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFE151789FE34F7BB" box="[385,461,1709,1736]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">10D–F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFE421789FDFBF7B4" box="[470,514,1709,1735]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">12B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFD981789FDC1F7B4" box="[524,568,1709,1735]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">13B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFDD61789FD95F7B4" box="[578,620,1709,1735]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">14B</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3DFFE517C5FE26F66B" blockId="25.[113,762,1761,1816]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFFE517C5FEAFF78A" box="[113,342,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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.
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<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3DFFE5161FFA8AF353" blockId="25.[113,763,1850,1999]" lastBlockId="25.[809,1460,144,544]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFFE5161FFEF0F621" box="[113,265,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FFB82E3DFE8C161EFD0BF6E2" collectingDate="1958-12-04" collectorName="Wellington Is. Pto. Eden" country="Chile" location="Fr Kuschel" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFE8C161EFE81F621" box="[280,376,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFB82E3DFE8C161EFE8AF621" box="[280,371,1850,1874]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
male, mounted, with genitalia in a separate microvial, with labels as follows:
<collectorName id="268D5333FFB82E3DFDF0167DFF27F6E2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Wellington Is. Pto. Eden</collectorName>
[-49.11, -74.40]
<date id="FFC61025FFB82E3DFE31165CFDF6F6E3" box="[421,527,1912,1936]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1958-12-04">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFFB82E3DFE31165CFDF6F6E3" box="[421,527,1912,1936]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1958-12-04">4.XII1958</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFB82E3DFD83165CFD90F6E3" box="[535,617,1912,1936]" name="Chile" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">CHILE</collectingCountry>
<location id="8EA7603EFFB82E3DFDE3165DFD0BF6E2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FFB82E3EFE8E175FFEF9F74C:8EA7603EFFB82E3DFDE3165DFD0BF6E2" box="[631,754,1913,1937]" country="Chile" name="Fr Kuschel" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fr Kuschel</location>
</materialsCitation>
/
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFB82E3DFFE516BCFF05F6C3" box="[113,252,1944,1968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFE9916BCFE0FF6C3" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[269,502,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hammondi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFE9916BCFE0FF6C3" box="[269,502,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Loncovilius hammondi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022. Deposited at NHM.
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FFB82E3DFCE811B5FA96F353" collectingDate="1958-11-10" collectingDateMax="1982-12-29" collectingDateMin="1958-11-10" collectorName="Wellington Is. Pto. Eden &amp; Chiloe S. Pedro &amp; Fr Kuschel &amp; Qued. &amp; Loncovilius' &amp; Cautin Pr. Volcan Villarrica" country="Chile" county="Flowers of Perneuya" elevation="1120" latitude="-49.0" location="Puerto Eden" municipality="Wellington" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCount="18" specimenCount-female="10" specimenCount-male="8" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFCE811B5FC1AF1DB" box="[892,995,145,168]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFB82E3DFCE811B5FC27F1DB" box="[892,990,145,168]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="268D5333FFB82E3DFC6411B4FB04F1DB" box="[1008,1277,144,168]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Wellington Is. Pto. Eden</collectorName>
[-49.11, -74.40]
<date id="FFC61025FFB82E3DFCBE118BFC60F1B4" box="[810,921,175,199]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1958-12-04">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFFB82E3DFCBE118BFC60F1B4" box="[810,921,175,199]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1958-12-04">4.XII.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFB82E3DFC35118BFC0DF1B4" box="[929,1012,175,199]" name="Chile" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">CHILE</collectingCountry>
Fr Kuschel [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFB82E3DFBEA118BFB51F1B5" box="[1150,1192,175,199]" count="4" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFB82E3DFB24118BFB2EF1B5" box="[1200,1239,175,199]" count="8" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="female">8♀</specimenCount>
NHM;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFB82E3DFAA4118BFAAEF1B5" box="[1328,1367,175,199]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
NHMD ex. NHM;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFB82E3DFC0B11EBFC3FF195" box="[927,966,207,231]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
CZUG ex. NHM];
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFB0A11EBFAEEF194" box="[1182,1303,207,231]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Nothofagus</taxonomicName>
forest/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFB82E3DFAF111EBFA4AF194" box="[1381,1459,207,231]" name="Chile" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">CHILE</collectingCountry>
HE6.
<location id="8EA7603EFFB82E3DFCCA11CAFC1CF075" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FFB82E3EFE8E175FFEF9F74C:8EA7603EFFB82E3DFCCA11CAFC1CF075" box="[862,997,238,262]" country="Chile" county="Flowers of Perneuya" latitude="-49.0" municipality="Wellington" name="Puerto Eden" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Puerto Eden</location>
Isla
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3AC9FFFB82E3DFB8D11CAFB72F075" box="[1049,1163,238,262]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Wellington</collectingMunicipality>
[-49.11, -74.40]
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFB82E3DFAD611CAFA83F075" box="[1346,1402,238,262]" degrees="49" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="55555" value="-49.0">49° S</geoCoordinate>
I200 ss.
<date id="FFC61025FFB82E3DFCD11029FC53F056" box="[837,938,269,293]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1958-12-02">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFFB82E3DFCD11029FC53F056" box="[837,938,269,293]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1958-12-02">2.xii.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
[
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFB82E3DFC2F1029FC1BF057" box="[955,994,269,293]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
MNNC ex. NHM];
<collectorName id="268D5333FFB82E3DFB2E1029FAA5F056" box="[1210,1372,269,293]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Chiloé S. Pedro</collectorName>
[-43.32, -73.72]
<date id="FFC61025FFB82E3DFC151008FC0AF037" box="[897,1011,300,324]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1958-11-10">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFFB82E3DFC151008FC0AF037" box="[897,1011,300,324]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1958-11-10">10.XI.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFB82E3DFC6F1008FBB6F037" box="[1019,1103,300,324]" name="Chile" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">CHILE</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="268D5333FFB82E3DFBCD1009FB36F036" box="[1113,1231,301,325]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fr Kuschel</collectorName>
/
<collectingCounty id="62A64E69FFB82E3DFB431009FA4DF036" box="[1239,1460,301,325]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Flowers of Perneưya</collectingCounty>
mucronata/
<collectorName id="268D5333FFB82E3DFC331068FC1FF017" box="[935,998,332,356]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Qued.</collectorName>
sp. 8/‘
<collectorName id="268D5333FFB82E3DFBB71068FB53F017" box="[1059,1194,332,356]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Loncovilius’</collectorName>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFB3B1068FC65F0F0" authority="Scheerp. P. M. Hammond" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">cf germaini Scheerp. P.M. Hammond</taxonomicName>
det. 1980 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFB82E3DFB82104FFBC7F0F1" box="[1046,1086,363,387]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
NHM];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFB82E3DFB0A104FFB08F0F0" box="[1182,1265,363,387]" name="Chile" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectorName id="268D5333FFB82E3DFB68104FFC71F0D0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Cautín Pr. Volcán Villarrica</collectorName>
[-39.36, -71.94],
<quantity id="4C809B00FFB82E3DFBAC10AFFB7BF0D0" box="[1080,1154,395,419]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="1120.0">
<elevation id="0055D1D6FFB82E3DFBAC10AFFB7BF0D0" box="[1080,1154,395,419]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="1120.0">1120m</elevation>
</quantity>
, site 654
<date id="FFC61025FFB82E3DFB4A10AEFA8BF0D1" box="[1246,1394,394,418]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1982-12-15" valueMax="1982-12-29" valueMin="1982-12-15">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFFB82E3DFB4A10AEFA8BF0D1" box="[1246,1394,394,418]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1982-12-15" valueMax="1982-12-29" valueMin="1982-12-15">15-29.xii.1982</collectingDate>
</date>
Noth. Dombeyi-Saxe-gothea with
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFBDA108EFA50F0B1" authority="A. Newton and M. Nayer" authorityName="A. Newton and M. Nayer" box="[1102,1449,426,450]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Winteraceae" genus="Drimys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Canellales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Drimys A.Newton and M.Ŋayer</taxonomicName>
/
<collectingMethod id="52394EF2FFB82E3DFCBE10EDFC4BF092" box="[810,946,457,481]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">window trap</collectingMethod>
[
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFB82E3DFC5C10EDFC16F093" box="[968,1007,457,481]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFB82E3DFC6F10EDFBDBF093" box="[1019,1058,457,481]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
FMNH]. All
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFB82E3DFB5610EEFADCF091" box="[1218,1317,458,482]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are supplied with the label: PAÞTYPE
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFBC710CDFACDF372" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[1107,1332,489,513]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hammondi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFBC710CDFACDF372" box="[1107,1332,489,513]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Loncovilius hammondi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3DFCBE1366FA8CF247" blockId="25.[810,1460,577,821]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFCBE1366FC69F32A" box="[810,912,578,601]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Head dorsally with microsculpture of transverse waves; gula with isodiametric microsculpture in the middle; females with a11 distinctly longer than a10 (a11:a10 ratio&gt;1.5). Elytra reddish-brown, disc with coarse non-setiferous punctures and only a few rows of setiferous punctures, epipleura evenly setose. Protibiae not sexually dimorphic, in both sexes with laterodorsal row of thick spines. Tergite VIII with medial apical emargination in both sexes. Aedeagus as in
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFB741239FA96F246" box="[1248,1391,797,821]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figure 10D–F</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3DFCBE1273FB67F578" blockId="25.[809,1461,854,2006]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFCBE1273FC58F21D" box="[810,929,855,878]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Description:</emphasis>
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFB82E3DFBC5127DFB92F21E" box="[1105,1131,857,877]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFAF01273FA8EF21D" box="[1380,1399,855,878]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">N</emphasis>
= 6]: FBL = 3.5–3.91 (3.67); TL = 6.7–7.31 (7.01); HW = 1.06– 1.16 (1.11); HL = 0.94–1.02 (0.97); HW/HL = 1.12–1.16 (1.14); PW = 1.36–1.51 (1.43); PL = 1.16–1.26 (1.21); PW/ PL = 1.17–1.2 (1.19); EW = 1.65–1.82 (1.76); EL = 1.38–1.63 (1.49); PW/HW = 1.29–1.3 (1.29).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3DFCD11536FB67F5B4" blockId="25.[809,1461,854,2006]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFB82E3DFC751531FC02F55A" box="[993,1019,1045,1065]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFB4F1537FB17F559" box="[1243,1262,1043,1066]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">N</emphasis>
= 6]: FBL = 3.88– 4.22 (4.04); TL = 7.06–8.88 (7.81); HW = 1.13–1.21 (1.18); HL = 0.98–1.07 (1.03); HW/HL = 1.13–1.19 (1.15); PW = 1.5–1.67 (1.58); PL = 1.23–1.37 (1.31); PW/ PL = 1.18–1.22 (1.20); EW = 1.9–2.3 (2.05); EL = 1.67–1.78 (1.7); PW/HW = 1.31–1.38 (1.33).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3DFCD115EAFC2FF437" blockId="25.[809,1461,854,2006]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Head black to brown-black; most of antennae, pronotum, mouthparts, elytra, legs, and abdomen reddish-brown; pronotum, apical antennomeres, tibiae, and disc of abdominal segments darker.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3EFCD1146FFF0DF056" blockId="25.[809,1461,854,2006]" lastBlockId="26.[127,779,144,1171]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Head transverse; dorsally and ventrally glossy with few micropunctures and microsculpture of transverse waves, with coarse non-setiferous punctures; posterior angles indistinct with few setiferous punctures of medium and small size. Eyes small (EYL/HL = x = 0.47), from 1.3 to 1.8 times longer than temples (in lateral view); distance between eyes about 1.7 times as long as length of eye in males and 1.68 times in females. Antennal insertions situated at equal distance from frontoclypeus and from eye; antennomeres 2 and 3 usually subequal in length; antennomeres 4 to 6 gradually reduced in length; antennomeres 7 to 10 subequal in length; antennomere 11 is from 1.53 to 1.69 times as long as antennomere
<quantity id="4C809B00FFB82E3DFBC91780FB69F7CF" box="[1117,1168,1700,1724]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
males and from 1.63 to 1.71 times in females. Basal and parocular punctures usually single; posterior frontal puncture located anterior to temporal puncture; without small setiferous punctures between frontoclypeal punctures and anterior frontal punctures; ventral basal ridge rather straight in L-shape, almost united with gular sutures; postgenal ridge absent; postmandibular ridge distinctly separated from eye margin; well-developed PMP; nuchal ridge present laterally and dorsally, fused with infraorbital ridge; gula with microsculpture medially, gular sutures moderately separated. Mandibles with dorsolateral groove; labrum with subrectangular sclerotized region and emarginate apical margin; mentum with seta beta only; penultimate labial palpomere markedly dilated apicad, apical palpomere distinctly narrower than previous and more or less subconical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBB2E3EFF081009FCF9F372" blockId="26.[127,779,144,1171]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Pronotum transverse, convex, evenly curved, with one PPDS and with an APP, without SLSP, with several coarse non-setiferous punctures; flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension (process) interrupted by inferior line. Elytra with epipleura evenly setiferous punctate; disc with only a few rows of setiferous punctures and with several coarse non-setiferous punctures. Mesosternum with four macrosetae arranged in a row medially.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBB2E3EFF08132CFF36F388" blockId="26.[127,779,144,1171]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Protibiae not sexually dimorphic, with laterodorsal row of thick spines in both sexes. In males, mesotarsomeres 1–4 with pale adhesive setae, mesotarsomeres 1–3 with terminal plate. In females, mesotarsomeres 2–4 with pale adhesive setae, without terminal plate. In both sexes, metatarsomeres 2–4 with pale adhesive setae, without terminal plate; metatarsomere 1 shorter than 5, metatarsomere 4 ventrally with apical margin slightly sinuate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBB2E3EFF081227FEA2F500" blockId="26.[127,779,144,1171]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Abdominal tergites III and IV with two patches of punctures of moderate size and density, with middle impunctate line; tergite VIII emarginate medio-apically. Sternum III with basal transverse carina strongly arcuate; lateral tergal sclerites IX laterally flaưened only in males. Male sternite VIII with a broad V-shaped emargination medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBB2E3EFDD212BBFD5AF2C4" box="[582,675,927,951]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
); female sternite VIII with a U-shaped emargination medially; male sternite IX with an obtuse emargination medially, its basal portion shorter than distal portion; male tergite X truncate medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBB2E3EFF2E1539FEEAF546" box="[186,275,1053,1077]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
); female tergite X truncate to slightly arcuate medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBB2E3EFF7F1518FEB8F527" box="[235,321,1084,1108]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
); ovipositor, its second gonocoxite without macrosetae medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBB2E3EFF08155FFD41F5E0" blockId="26.[127,779,144,1171]" box="[156,696,1147,1171]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Aedeagus. As in
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBB2E3EFED6155FFE2AF5E0" box="[322,467,1147,1171]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figure 10D–F</figureCitation>
; its total length ~1.21.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBB2E3EFF151590FDAFF459" blockId="26.[128,778,1204,1322]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFF151590FF09F5BF" box="[129,240,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Etymology:</emphasis>
Ŋe species epithet isa patronym in recognition of the late Peter. M. Hammond, a prominent coleopterist who also conducted some work on this genus, which was unpublished but which we were able to trace through his labels.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBB2E3EFF15146FFEF9F74C" blockId="26.[129,777,1355,1599]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFF15146FFD69F410" box="[129,656,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Distribution and habitat:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBB2E3EFE37146FFD69F410" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[419,656,1355,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hammondi">Loncovilius hammondi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known only from
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBB2E3EFF62144FFEC8F4F0" box="[246,305,1387,1411]" name="Chile" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Chile</collectingCountry>
, from the
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBB2E3EFE3C144FFDEDF4F0" box="[424,532,1387,1411]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBB2E3EFDB6144FFD6AF4F0" box="[546,659,1387,1411]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
, as well as from
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBB2E3EFF5714AEFEC1F4D1" box="[195,312,1418,1442]" country="Chile" name="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Magallanes</collectingRegion>
and Chilean
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBB2E3EFE4B14AEFDB2F4D1" box="[479,587,1418,1442]" name="Antarctica" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
regions. Known distribution consists of three widely separated areas, two of them confined to the Valdivian temperate forest and one to the Magellanic subpolar forest. It has been collected using window traps, and directly from flowers of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBB2E3EFDAF172CFCF0F76C" box="[571,777,1544,1567]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Pernetya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mucronata">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFDAF172CFCF0F76C" box="[571,777,1544,1567]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Pernetya mucronata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBB2E3EFF1C1703FF0CF74C" box="[136,245,1575,1599]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ericaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

284
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<mods:location id="6F662BBEAB1D5ED28F53042030B5995F">
<mods:url id="108E96CF8E841E8E89A2E9EEF4324399">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad143</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="20357BA40C1881FBB5F072C087D5B616">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="7FDC526E6FCBCE92199F4AD14C4252B9" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad143</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0D28D596D0AD887DA364CD66EA18B0ED" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6FF410CF36FB3521B8BEB0596B45731B" type="Zenodo-Dep">14541979</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AEE2C2C9C5457368812A15CBF1955210" type="ZooBank">CE2383A-68A1-40A0-8F48-1271F96F86F1Corresponding</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D187F3FFB92E3DFF6412DFFF2FF72D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FFB92E3DFF6412DFFF2FF72D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D187F3FFB92E3DFF6412DFFF2FF72D" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="C362656EFFB92E3CFF6412DFFD63F566" box="[240,666,1019,1046]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB92E3CFF6412DFFD63F566" blockId="24.[240,666,1019,1046]" box="[240,666,1019,1046]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D08F8189FFB92E3CFF6412DFFD63F566" bold="true" box="[240,666,1019,1046]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB92E3CFF6412DFFD63F566" ID-CoL="3VYHQ" authority="(Scheerpeltz, 1933)" baseAuthorityName="Scheerpeltz" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[240,666,1019,1046]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFF6412DFFD63F566" bold="true" box="[240,666,1019,1046]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFF6412DFFE3BF565" bold="true" box="[240,450,1019,1046]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Loncovilius germaini</emphasis>
(Scheerpeltz, 1933)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C362656EFFB92E3DFE94150FFF2FF72D" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB92E3CFE94150FFD73F536" blockId="24.[256,650,1067,1093]" box="[256,650,1067,1093]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFE94150FFD73F536" bold="true" box="[256,650,1067,1093]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
(
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB92E3CFE9E150FFEA3F536" box="[266,346,1067,1093]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[154,1419,145,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-6@13.[153,1420,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5. Female habitus of Loncovilius species.A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs 5A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB92E3CFEF0150FFE7AF536" box="[356,387,1067,1093]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[153,1420,143,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-7@17.[153,1420,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Details of the abdominal structures of Loncovilius species; tergites III and IV (A–E); ovipositor (F–H). A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. variabilis. C, L. edwardsianus. D, L. semiflavus. E, L. lividipennis. F, L. impunctus. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. edwardsianus." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">9A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB92E3CFE19150FFE22F536" box="[397,475,1067,1093]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">10A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB92E3CFE70150FFDEBF536" box="[484,530,1067,1093]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">12A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB92E3CFD88150FFDB3F536" box="[540,586,1067,1093]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">13A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB92E3CFDC7150FFD86F536" box="[595,639,1067,1093]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">14A</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB92E3CFF151545FD36F4E0" blockId="24.[129,779,1121,1428]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Germain 1903: 412 (as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB92E3CFEE31545FDAFF50A" box="[375,598,1121,1145]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Philonthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribripennis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFEE31545FDAFF50A" box="[375,598,1121,1145]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Philonthus cribripennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, original description); Bernhauer and Schubert 1914: 332 (as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB92E3CFDD315A5FCFAF5EA" authorityName="Bernhauer &amp; K. Schubert" authorityYear="1914" box="[583,771,1153,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Philonthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFDD315A5FCFAF5EA" box="[583,771,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Philonthus chilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, replacement name); Scheerpeltz 1933: 1344 (as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB92E3CFD351584FF2EF5A4" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Philonthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFD351584FF2EF5A4" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Philonthus germaini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, replacement name); Coiffait and Sáiz 1966: 406 (as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB92E3CFF1515FBFE37F584" baseAuthorityName="Scheerpeltz" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[129,462,1247,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini" subGenus="Lienturius">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFF1515FBFF16F584" box="[129,239,1247,1271]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Loncovilius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFE9515C4FE9CF584" box="[257,357,1248,1271]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Lienturius</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFEEC15C4FE37F584" box="[376,462,1248,1271]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">germaini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, characters); Coiffait and Sáiz 1968: 365 [as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB92E3CFE8315DAFD98F465" baseAuthorityName="Scheerpeltz" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[279,609,1278,1302]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini" subGenus="Lienturius">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFE8315DAFE7CF465" box="[279,389,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Loncovilius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFE0115DBFE00F465" box="[405,505,1279,1302]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Lienturius</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFD9E15DBFD98F465" box="[522,609,1279,1302]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">germaini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFDF615DBFD91F465" box="[610,616,1279,1302]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">;</emphasis>
checklist]; Sáiz 1971: 385 [as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB92E3CFE8F1439FD90F446" baseAuthorityName="Scheerpeltz" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[283,617,1309,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini" subGenus="Lienturius">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFE8F1439FE70F446" box="[283,393,1309,1333]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Loncovilius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFE08143AFDF9F446" box="[412,512,1310,1333]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Lienturius</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFD87143AFD90F446" box="[531,617,1310,1333]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">germaini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; listed without new data]; Herman 2001a: 26 (as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB92E3CFE451419FD6BF426" authorityName="Bernhauer and Schubert" authorityYear="1914" box="[465,658,1341,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFE451419FD6BF426" box="[465,658,1341,1365]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Loncovilius chilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, nomenclature); Herman 2001b: 3083 (as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB92E3CFE5D1478FD72F407" authorityName="Bernhauer and Schubert" authorityYear="1914" box="[457,651,1372,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFE5D1478FD72F407" box="[457,651,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Loncovilius chilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, catalogue); Newton 2017: 22 (as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB92E3CFEC9145FFDDFF4E0" baseAuthorityName="Scheerpeltz" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[349,550,1403,1427]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFEC9145FFDDFF4E0" box="[349,550,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Loncovilius germaini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, nomenclature).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB92E3CFF151494FD6BF4BB" blockId="24.[129,658,1456,1480]" box="[129,658,1456,1480]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFF151494FEB9F4BB" box="[129,320,1456,1480]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Material eoamined:</emphasis>
Supporting Information, File S7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB92E3CFF1514FAFCFDF7C3" blockId="24.[128,778,1501,1713]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFF1514FAFF1CF486" box="[129,229,1502,1525]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Head dorsally without microsculpture; gula without isodiametric microsculpture in the middle; females with a11 distinctly longer than a10 (a11:a10 ratio &lt;1.5). Elytra, including epipleura, evenly setose and with several coarse non-setiferous punctures. Protibiae sexually dimorphic, with laterodorsal row of thick spines only present in females. Tergite VIII with medial apical emargination only in females. Aedeagus as in
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB92E3CFDF917BDFD07F7C2" box="[621,766,1689,1713]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figure 10A–C</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB92E3CFF1517EDFE0CF60E" blockId="24.[129,779,1736,1980]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFF1517EDFF0EF793" box="[129,247,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description:</emphasis>
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFB92E3CFE3C17EFFE3BF7AC" box="[424,450,1739,1759]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFD2E17EDFD34F793" box="[698,717,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">N</emphasis>
= 6]: FBL = 2.9–3.44 (3.19); TL = 5.6–6.25 (6.01); HW = 0.87– 1.01 (0.94); HL = 0.76–0.86 (0.82); HW/HL = 1.12–1.2 (1.14); PW = 1.11–1.29 (1.21); PL = 0.97–1.18 (1.08); PW/ PL = 1.1–1.14 (1.12); EW = 1.4–1.64 (1.52); EL = 1.16–1.4 (1.3); PW/HW = 1.26–1.33 (1.29).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB92E3CFF0816A1FBA7F3DE" blockId="24.[129,779,1736,1980]" lastBlockId="24.[824,1476,567,1970]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFB92E3CFEA316A3FEA8F6E8" box="[311,337,1927,1947]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB92E3CFDA516A1FDBDF6EF" box="[561,580,1925,1948]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">N</emphasis>
= 6]: FBL = 3.36– 3.87 (3.6); TL = 7.31–7.77 (7.54); HW = 0.96–1.12 (1.03); HL = 0.85–0.95 (0.91); HW/HL = 1.11–1.18 (1.13); PW = 1.25–1.48 (1.34); PL = 1.13–1.28 (1.2); PW/PL = 1.1– 1.16 (1.12); EW = 1.5–1.88 (1.68); EL = 1.38–1.64 (1.49); PW/HW = 1.26–1.33 (1.3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB92E3CFCC11390FB6FF259" blockId="24.[824,1476,567,1970]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Head black to brown-black; mouthparts, antennae, pronotum, legs, disc of elytra, and abdominal segments dark reddish-brown; epipleura, abdominal tergites, and sternites with posterior margin light reddish-brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB92E3CFCC11215FA4CF769" blockId="24.[824,1476,567,1970]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Head transverse; dorsally and ventrally glossy with few micropunctures, dorsally without microsculpture, with coarse non-setiferous punctures; posterior angles indistinct with few setiferous punctures of medium and small size. Eyes small (EYL/ HL = x = 0.46), from 1.4 to 1.86 times longer than the length of temples (in lateral view); distance between eyes about 1.68 times as long as length of the eye in males and 1.8 times in females. Antennal insertions situated closer to frontoclypeus than to eye; antennomeres 2 and 3 subequal in length; antennomeres 5 to 10 subequal in length; antennomere 11 from 1.53 to 1.69 times longer than antennomere
<quantity id="4C809B00FFB92E3CFB15154FFB4FF5F0" box="[1153,1206,1131,1155]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
males and from
<quantity id="4C809B00FFB92E3CFAF5154FFCB7F5D1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.937" metricValueMax="4.064" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="1.55" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.5">1.5 to 1.6 in</quantity>
females. Basal and parocular punctures usually single; posterior frontal puncture located anterior to temporal puncture; no small setose punctures between frontoclypeal punctures and anterior frontal punctures; ventral basal ridge rather straight in L-shape, almost united with gular sutures; postgenal ridge absent; postmandibular ridge distinctly separated from eye margin; well-developed PMP; nuchal ridge present laterally and dorsally, fused with infraorbital ridge; gula without microsculpture medially, gular sutures moderately separated. Mandibles with dorsolateral groove; labrum with subrectangular sclerotized region and entire apical margin; mentum with seta beta only; penultimate labial palpomere markedly dilated apicad, apical palpomere distinctly narrower than penultimate and more or less subconical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB92E3CFCC11706FA3AF7A5" blockId="24.[824,1476,567,1970]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Pronotum transverse, convex, evenly curved, usually with one PPDS with additional paired punctures adjacent to AMRSP (APP), without SLSP, with few coarse non-setiferous punctures; flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension (process) interrupted by inferior line. Elytra evenly setose and with several coarse non-setiferous punctures.Mesosternumwithfourmacrosetaearrangedinarowmedially.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB92E3CFCC117FAFA3AF6C2" blockId="24.[824,1476,567,1970]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">In both sexes, metatarsomeres 2–4 with pale adhesive setae, without terminal plate; metatarsomere 1 shorter than 5, metatarsomere 4 ventrally with apical margin slightly sinuate. Protibiae sexually dimorphic, with laterodorsal row of thick spines only in females. In males, mesotarsomeres 1–4 with pale adhesive setae, mesotarsomeres 1–3 with terminal plate. In females, mesotarsomeres 2–4withpaleadhesivesetae,withoutterminalplate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3DFF1911B4FF2AF353" blockId="25.[113,763,144,576]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Abdominal tergites III and IV with two patches of punctures of moderate size and density, with middle impunctate line (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFFE811EBFF33F194" box="[124,202,207,231]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[153,1420,143,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-7@17.[153,1420,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Details of the abdominal structures of Loncovilius species; tergites III and IV (A–E); ovipositor (F–H). A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. variabilis. C, L. edwardsianus. D, L. semiflavus. E, L. lividipennis. F, L. impunctus. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. edwardsianus." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
); in females tergite VIII emarginate medio-apically. Sternite III with basal transverse carina converging evenly at an obtuse angle; lateral tergal sclerites IX not dorsoventrally or laterally flaưened. Male sternite VIII with deep V-shaped emargination medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFEE71068FE36F017" box="[371,463,332,356]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
); female sternite VIII with U-shaped emargination medially; male sternite IX with obtuse emargination medially, its basal portion shorter than distal portion; male tergite X subtruncate medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFDAB108EFD63F0B1" box="[575,666,426,450]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
); female tergite X with U-shaped emargination medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFD1F10EDFD11F092" box="[651,744,457,481]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
); ovipositor, its second gonocoxite without macrosetae medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFFE8132CFF3BF353" box="[124,194,520,544]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[153,1420,143,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-7@17.[153,1420,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Details of the abdominal structures of Loncovilius species; tergites III and IV (A–E); ovipositor (F–H). A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. variabilis. C, L. edwardsianus. D, L. semiflavus. E, L. lividipennis. F, L. impunctus. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. edwardsianus." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 9F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3DFF191303FD49F34C" blockId="25.[113,763,144,576]" box="[141,688,551,576]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Aedeagus. As in
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFB82E3DFEA71303FE3CF34C" box="[307,453,551,575]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figure 10A–C</figureCitation>
; its total length ~ 1.21.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3DFFE51345FF15F247" blockId="25.[113,764,609,821]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFFE51345FDAFF30B" box="[113,598,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Distribution and habitat:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFE131345FDAFF30B" baseAuthorityName="Scheerpeltz" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[391,598,609,633]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">Loncovilius germaini</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known only from
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFB82E3DFF3E13A4FF1DF3EB" box="[170,228,640,664]" name="Chile" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Chile</collectingCountry>
, from the
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFB82E3DFEC413A4FE43F3EB" box="[336,442,640,664]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFB82E3DFE5113A4FDFFF3EB" box="[453,518,640,664]" country="Chile" name="Aysen" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Aysén</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFB82E3DFDA913A4FD5EF3EB" box="[573,679,640,664]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
regions where it occurs in the eastern portion of the Valdivian temperate forest ecoregion, from
<quantity id="4C809B00FFB82E3DFE25139AFDACF3A5" box="[433,597,702,726]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="0.75" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="1100.0" valueMax="1450.0" valueMin="750.0">750 to 1450 m</quantity>
of elevation. It has been collected by sissing leaf liưer and moss, also by using Malaise and window traps, as well as carrion and dung baited pitfall traps.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFB82E3DFFE51272FF2FF72D" blockId="25.[112,763,854,1630]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFFE51272FE44F21D" box="[113,445,854,878]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Remarks:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFF7E1272FE44F21D" baseAuthorityName="Scheerpeltz" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[234,445,854,878]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">Loncovilius germaini</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
was described as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFD051272FF1CF2FE" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Philonthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribripennis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFD051272FF1CF2FE" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Philonthus cribripennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on an unspecified number of
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFB82E3DFDD81252FD5EF2FD" box="[588,679,886,910]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
from an uncertain type locality in
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFB82E3DFEE212B1FE48F2DE" box="[374,433,917,941]" name="Chile" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Chile</collectingCountry>
. Ŋis name was found to be preoccupied and replaced by another preoccupied name
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFD041291FE54F298" authority="Bernhauer and Schubert 1914" authorityName="Bernhauer and Schubert" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFD041291FD67F2BF" box="[656,670,949,972]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFD3E1290FD03F2BF" box="[682,762,948,972]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">chilensis</emphasis>
Bernhauer and Schubert 1914
</taxonomicName>
; the laưer was replaced again by
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFFE612D7FE51F578" authority="Scheerpeltz, 1933" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" authorityYear="1933" box="[114,424,1011,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFFE612D7FF79F579" box="[114,128,1011,1034]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFF1A12D7FF1DF579" box="[142,228,1011,1034]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">germaini</emphasis>
Scheerpeltz, 1933
</taxonomicName>
. Coiffiat and Sáiz (1966, 1968) and Sáiz (1971) treated
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFEEC1537FE12F559" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" authorityYear="1933" box="[376,491,1042,1066]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFEEC1537FE7EF559" box="[376,391,1043,1066]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFE011537FE12F559" box="[405,491,1043,1066]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">germaini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a member of the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFF201516FEE0F53A" box="[180,281,1074,1097]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Lienturius">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFF201516FEE0F53A" box="[180,281,1074,1097]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Lienturius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFE311515FDEDF53A" authorityName="Germain" authorityYear="1903" box="[421,532,1073,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFE311515FDEDF53A" box="[421,532,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Loncovilius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without adding much data about morphology or distribution of this species, for which even the aedeagus hitherto remained not illustrated. Coiffait and Sáiz (1966) mentioned that the species was known from a female
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFB82E3DFF59158BFED3F5B4" box="[205,298,1199,1223]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
kept in the collection of the Natural History Museum of
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFB82E3DFF7A15EAFED0F595" box="[238,297,1230,1254]" name="Chile" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Chile</collectingCountry>
. At the same time, Camousseight (1980) did not list this species among the type material in Germain’s collection in this museum. We did not find any material that could be interpreted as types of
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFE1A1409FDF1F437" box="[398,520,1325,1348]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFE1A1409FDFDF437" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" authorityYear="1933" box="[398,516,1325,1348]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">L. germaini</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Given the uncertainty about type material in the original description and the catalogue by Camousseight (1980), the type status of the female listed by Coiffait and Sáiz (1966) as ‘holotype’ must be verified in the future. For now, we have matched the identity of this species based on the description by Coiffait and Sáiz (1966). As explained by Newton (2017), Herman’s (2001a) interpretation of both names as replacements for only
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFD8E172CFD5FF76C" box="[538,678,1543,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Philonthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribripennis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFD8E172CFD5FF76C" box="[538,678,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. cribripennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and his resurrection of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFB82E3DFE841703FE8EF74C" authorityName="Bernhauer and Schubert" authorityYear="1914" box="[272,375,1575,1599]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFB82E3DFE841703FE8EF74C" box="[272,375,1575,1599]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. chilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the valid name for this species was incorrect.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFC481020FB48F06C" bold="true" box="[988,1201,260,287]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Loncovilius variabilis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C362656EFFBA2E39FC011010FEE0F51A" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBA2E3FFC011010FAB1F03D" blockId="27.[917,1352,308,334]" box="[917,1352,308,334]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFC011010FAB1F03D" bold="true" box="[917,1352,308,334]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
(
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBA2E3FFC341010FC16F03D" box="[928,1007,308,334]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[152,1420,144,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-6@1.[152,1420,144,1842]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitats of Loncovilius. A, L. edwardsianus (Korge, 1963) live specimen in the Valdivian Temperate Rainforest in Chiloé, Los Lagos, Chile (Photograph: Matías Gargiulo, through iNaturalist). B, PN Puyehue, Chile, L. lividipennis was collected in mosses on the stones at river banks and under stones in accumulations along banks (photograph: Martin Fikáček). C, L. variabilis sp. nov. found in a flower of the Chiloé archipelago (photograph:Matías Gargiulo, through iNaturalist)." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBA2E3FFC6E1010FBE2F03D" box="[1018,1051,308,334]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[154,1419,145,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-6@13.[153,1420,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5. Female habitus of Loncovilius species.A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">5D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBA2E3FFBB11010FBBBF03D" box="[1061,1090,308,334]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[153,1420,143,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-7@17.[153,1420,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Details of the abdominal structures of Loncovilius species; tergites III and IV (A–E); ovipositor (F–H). A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. variabilis. C, L. edwardsianus. D, L. semiflavus. E, L. lividipennis. F, L. impunctus. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. edwardsianus." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">9B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBA2E3FFBD91010FB6DF03D" box="[1101,1172,308,334]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">10I–K</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBA2E3FFB091010FB35F03D" box="[1181,1228,308,334]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">12D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBA2E3FFB421010FAFDF03D" box="[1238,1284,308,334]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">13D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBA2E3FFA9A1010FAC4F03D" box="[1294,1341,308,334]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">14D</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBA2E3FFCBE1041FB52F0EF" blockId="27.[810,1459,357,412]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFCBE1041FBECF00E" box="[810,1045,357,381]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
<uri id="FFE93AE7FFBA2E3FFBA01041FB51F0EF" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFDE0C30FFBA2E3FFAA41041FB51F0EF" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">6008BBBE- 2EF2-4459-8ACD-5AA4E242AA4A</uuid>
</uri>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBA2E38FCBE109BFDBEF656" blockId="27.[809,1460,446,1974]" lastBlockId="28.[127,779,144,1829]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFCBE109BFBE1F0A5" box="[810,1048,446,470]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Type material.
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBA2E3FFC2D109AFBEAF0A5" box="[953,1043,446,470]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
male, pinned, with genitalia in a separate microvial, with labels as follows:
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFBFA10F9FB39F086" box="[1134,1216,477,501]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: [
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBA2E3FFB5910FAFAC0F085" box="[1229,1337,478,502]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
, Hualaihué] Palena Pr.: Austral Highway, km 62.9 (
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBA2E3FFB3C10D9FB09F366" box="[1192,1264,509,533]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="6.7">6.7 km</quantity>
S Contao turnoff),
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBA2E3FFCBE1338FC9EF347" box="[810,871,540,564]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="230.0">230m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBA2E3FFCFB1338FC17F347" box="[879,1006,538,564]" degrees="41" direction="south" minutes="51.155" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="1" value="-41.852585">
41°51.155
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFC42133EFC25F340" box="[982,988,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ʹ</emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBA2E3FFC631338FB79F340" box="[1015,1152,538,564]" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="42.175" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="1" value="-72.70292">
72°42.175
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFBCA133EFB9DF340" box="[1118,1124,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ʹ</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
[-41.85, -72.70],
<date id="FFC61025FFBA2E3FFAB91338FA56F347" box="[1325,1455,540,564]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1997-01-23" valueMax="1997-01-25" valueMin="1997-01-23">23-25.i.1997</date>
, young secondary Valdivian rainforest;/beating flowers
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBA2E3FFAFF131FFC7BF300" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Tepulia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stipularis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFAFF131FFC7BF300" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tepulia stipularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(myrtaceae) [
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBA2E3FFB83137FFB70F300" box="[1047,1161,603,627]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
] A. Newton and M. Ŋayer FIELD MUSEUM NAT. HIST./
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBA2E3FFB36135EFAC8F3E1" box="[1186,1329,634,658]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBA2E3FFAD2135EFC7BF3C2" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFAD2135EFC7BF3C2" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Loncovilius variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022. Deposited at FMNH.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFB7B139DFAADF3A3" box="[1263,1364,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBA2E3FFB7B139DFAB6F3A3" box="[1263,1359,697,720]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFACA139DFA49F3A2" box="[1374,1456,697,721]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: [
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBA2E3FFCA413FCFC65F383" box="[816,924,728,752]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
, Vilcún] Cautín Temuco, Cherquenco [~ -38.69, -72.00] I-II.1978 L. E. Peña leg. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST. [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFCA61233FCA2F25D" box="[818,859,791,815]" count="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFCF01233FC72F25D" box="[868,907,791,815]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFC681233FBB7F25C" box="[1020,1102,791,815]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: Reg. XI [
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBA2E3FFB2C1233FB04F25C" box="[1208,1277,791,815]" country="Chile" name="Aysen" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Aysén</collectingRegion>
] Queulat N.P. [~ -44.38, -72.25] P.M. Hammond/Below base 1-10.xii.03 shrub flowers/NHM/[
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFC431271FC05F21F" box="[983,1020,853,877]" count="5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFB921271FBD4F21F" box="[1030,1069,853,877]" count="4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
NHM;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFB1C1271FB57F21F" box="[1160,1198,853,877]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFB2C1271FB26F21F" box="[1208,1247,853,877]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHMD ex. NHM;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFCBE1251FCA8F2FF" box="[810,849,885,909]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
CZUG ex. NHM]; [same data as above except:] Glacier Path 21.xi-12.xii.03/Malaise trap [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFB0112B0FB45F2D8" box="[1173,1212,916,940]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHM]; [same data as above except:] Base area Beating [or] Base Camp Area 21.xi- 12.xii.03 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFC0112F7FC47F299" box="[917,958,979,1003]" count="8" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">8♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFC5E12F7FC08F299" box="[970,1009,979,1002]" count="7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">7♀</specimenCount>
NHM];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFBCC12F7FB53F298" box="[1112,1194,979,1003]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: [
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBA2E3FFB2B12F7FAC8F298" box="[1215,1329,979,1003]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
, Hualaihué] Palena Pr.: Austral Highway, km 62.9 (
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBA2E3FFB3812D6FB16F579" box="[1196,1263,1010,1034]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="6.7">6.7km</quantity>
S Contao turnoff),
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBA2E3FFCBF1535FC91F55A" box="[811,872,1041,1065]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="230.0">230m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBA2E3FFCE21535FC1DF55A" box="[886,996,1041,1065]" degrees="41" direction="south" minutes="51.15" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="9" value="-41.8525">41°51.15’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBA2E3FFC671535FB95F55A" box="[1011,1132,1041,1065]" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="42.17" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="9" value="-72.702835">72°42.17’W</geoCoordinate>
[-41.85, -72.70],
<date id="FFC61025FFBA2E3FFABA1535FA49F55A" box="[1326,1456,1041,1065]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1997-01-23" valueMax="1997-01-25" valueMin="1997-01-23">23-25.i.1997</date>
, young secondary Valdivian rainforest;/beating flowers
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBA2E3FFAFF1515FC7BF51B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Tepulia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stipularis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFAFF1515FC7BF51B" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tepulia stipularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(myrtaceae) [
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBA2E3FFB831574FB70F51B" box="[1047,1161,1104,1128]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
] A. Newton and M. Ŋayer FIELD MUSEUM NAT. HIST [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFB03154BFB39F5F5" box="[1175,1216,1135,1159]" count="5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFAA9154BFA8CF5F4" box="[1341,1397,1135,1159]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Chile</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBA2E3FFA1D1554FC93F5D4" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
] Llanquihue Lago Chapo [-41.40, -72.52]
<date id="FFC61025FFBA2E3FFABA15ABFA4AF5D5" box="[1326,1459,1166,1191]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1985-02">febrero 1985</date>
leg. J. Zuñiga [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFC2A158AFC1FF5B6" box="[958,998,1198,1222]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFC78158AFBEAF5B6" box="[1004,1043,1198,1222]" count="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
FMNH]; HORNOHUINCO SW. Lago Chapo Lianquihue [
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBA2E3FFB9315EAFB85F595" box="[1031,1148,1230,1254]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
, Llanquihue, -41.40, -72.52] 21,24-
<date id="FFC61025FFBA2E3FFCF815C9FC31F476" box="[876,968,1261,1285]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1972-12">Dic.1972</date>
Coll:L.E.Pena [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFBE815C9FB5AF477" box="[1148,1187,1261,1285]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFB2615C9FB21F477" box="[1202,1240,1261,1285]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
FMNH]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFACF15C9FA49F476" box="[1371,1456,1261,1285]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBA2E3FFCBE1428FC61F457" box="[810,920,1292,1316]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
] Rio Gol-Gol Osorno Prov. [~ -40.66, -72.18]/II-8- 57 Peña/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFC18140FFC22F430" box="[908,987,1323,1347]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CHILE</collectingCountry>
[green label]/CNCI L2004-28/
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFAA3140AFAA8F431" box="[1335,1361,1326,1346]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
/FMNH-INS 0000 024 263-265 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFBA6146FFBA2F411" box="[1074,1115,1355,1379]" count="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
CNC];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFB2C146FFAF3F410" box="[1208,1290,1355,1379]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: Chiloé Pr.,
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFA04146FFA4AF410" box="[1424,1459,1355,1379]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Isla</collectingCountry>
Chiloé, Compu Alto [-42.87, -73.70],
<date id="FFC61025FFBA2E3FFB55144EFAD8F4F1" box="[1217,1313,1386,1410]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1998-01-18">18.i.1998</date>
, T. Cekalovic leg. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST./FMNH-INS 0000 024 165-167 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFCA1148DFCA2F4B3" box="[821,859,1449,1473]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
FMNH;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFC5C148DFC16F4B3" box="[968,1007,1449,1473]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFC6F148DFBDBF4B3" box="[1019,1058,1449,1473]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
MNNC ex. FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFA8B148DFA88F4B2" box="[1311,1393,1449,1473]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: Prov. Chiloé:
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFCEB14ECFC5BF493" box="[895,930,1480,1504]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Isla</collectingCountry>
Chiloé, Compu Alto [-42.87, -73.70]
<date id="FFC61025FFBA2E3FFAA614ECFA6EF493" box="[1330,1431,1480,1504]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1998-01-18">18-I-1998</date>
T. Cekalovic CHIL1C98 001/[Barcode] SM0722732 KUNHM-ENT [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFCE51723FC61F76D" box="[881,920,1543,1567]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
SEMC]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFB931723FBA5F76C" box="[1031,1116,1543,1567]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBA2E3FFBF31723FB2DF76C" box="[1127,1236,1543,1567]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
, Puerto Monư] Prov. Llanquihue Correntoso [~ -41.45, -72.66]
<date id="FFC61025FFBA2E3FFB4B1702FA80F74D" box="[1247,1401,1574,1598]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1969-01-22">22-Enero-1969</date>
Coll: L.E.Pena [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFC001761FC44F72F" box="[916,957,1605,1629]" count="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFBBE1761FB85F72E" box="[1066,1148,1605,1629]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: [
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBA2E3FFB181762FB03F72D" box="[1164,1274,1606,1630]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
, Chonchi] Chiloé Pr.: Miraflores, road to (
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBA2E3FFBA61741FB8FF70E" box="[1074,1142,1637,1661]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="0.6">0.6km</quantity>
W Hwy 5),
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBA2E3FFA9C1741FABCF70E" box="[1288,1349,1637,1661]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="130.0">130m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBA2E3FFAC01741FCCEF7EF" degrees="42" direction="south" minutes="46.73" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="9" value="-42.77883">
42°46.73
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFA391747FA4AF70F" box="[1453,1459,1635,1660]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ʹ</emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBA2E3FFCDD17A0FC2BF7E8" box="[841,978,1666,1692]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="47.71" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="9" value="-73.795166">
73°47.71
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFC3717A6FC50F7E8" box="[931,937,1666,1691]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ʹ</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
[
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBA2E3FFC7E17A0FBB2F7EF" box="[1002,1099,1668,1692]" degrees="42.7788" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="-42.7788">-42.7788</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBA2E3FFBCB17A0FB47F7EF" box="[1119,1214,1668,1692]" degrees="73.7953" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="-73.7953">-73.7953</geoCoordinate>
]
<date id="FFC61025FFBA2E3FFB4217A0FACCF7EF" box="[1238,1333,1668,1692]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1997-01-17">17.i.1997</date>
, secondary Valdivian rainforest:/beating flowering Cald-cluvia paniculata [
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBA2E3FFCA117E7FBFEF7A8" box="[821,1031,1731,1755]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cunoniaceae" genus="Caldcluvia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paniculata">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFCA117E7FBFEF7A8" box="[821,1031,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Caldcluvia paniculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] (
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBA2E3FFB8B17E7FB50F7A8" box="[1055,1193,1731,1755]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cunoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cunoniaceae</taxonomicName>
) A.Newton and M.Ŋayer 994 FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST. [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFB1C17C6FB56F78A" box="[1160,1199,1762,1786]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFB2D17C6FB19F78A" box="[1209,1248,1762,1786]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
FMNH]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFACF17C6FA49F789" box="[1371,1456,1762,1786]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBA2E3FFCBE1626FC60F669" box="[810,921,1794,1818]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
, Hualaihué] 11
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFBD81625FB7DF66A" box="[1100,1156,1793,1817]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Chile</collectingCountry>
X, peninsula Huequi under logs termas, Porcelana
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBA2E3FFB811605FB5BF64A" box="[1045,1186,1823,1849]" degrees="42" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="1" seconds="30.8" value="-42.458557">
42°27
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFBC5163BFBAEF64B" box="[1105,1111,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ʹ</emphasis>
30.8
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFB16163BFB74F64B" box="[1154,1165,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ʹʹ</emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBA2E3FFB3E1605FAB8F64B" box="[1194,1345,1823,1849]" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="1" seconds="15.0" value="-72.45416">
72°27
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFB71163BFB12F64B" box="[1253,1259,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ʹ</emphasis>
15.0
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFA83163BFADBF64B" box="[1303,1314,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ʹʹ</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
[
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBA2E3FFADB1604FA56F64B" box="[1359,1455,1824,1848]" degrees="42.4585" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="-42.4585">-42.4585</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBA2E3FFCBE1664FC70F62B" box="[810,905,1856,1880]" degrees="72.4541" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="-72.4541">-72.4541</geoCoordinate>
]
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBA2E3FFC0C1664FC36F624" box="[920,975,1856,1880]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
R. Vila leg.
<date id="FFC61025FFBA2E3FFBC71664FB3BF62B" box="[1107,1218,1856,1880]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2014-12-13">13.xii.2014</date>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBA2E3FFB5E1664FA91F624" authority="sp" authorityName="Sp" box="[1226,1384,1856,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Loncovilius sp</taxonomicName>
det. V. Assing
<date id="FFC61025FFBA2E3FFCE1167BFC33F604" box="[885,970,1887,1911]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2015-05">2015/V.</date>
Assing Coll. J Jenkins Shaw det. 2016 [yellow label] [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBA2E3FFCE2165BFC67F6E5" box="[886,926,1919,1943]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
NHMW];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFB8D165BFB92F6E4" box="[1049,1131,1919,1943]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: [
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBA2E3FFBE9165BFB14F6E4" box="[1149,1261,1919,1943]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
, Puyehue National Park] Osorno Prov. Parque Nac. Puyehue,
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBA2E3FFB6216BAFACFF6C5" box="[1270,1334,1950,1974]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="4.1">4.1km</quantity>
E Anticura [-40.66, -72.12],
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBD2E38FEA111B4FE8BF1DB" box="[309,370,144,168]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="430.0">430m</quantity>
, trap site 662
<date id="FFC61025FFBD2E38FD9A11B4FD58F1DB" box="[526,673,144,168]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1982-12-19" valueMax="1982-12-26" valueMin="1982-12-19">19-26.xii.1982</date>
Valdivian rainfor. A.Newton and M.Ŋayer/Screen- sweeping/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBD2E38FD1B118BFF64F195" authority="sp." authorityName="Sp." class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Loncovilius sp.</taxonomicName>
7 det. A.Newton 1984/
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FE0111F6FE56F195" box="[405,431,210,230]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
/FMNH-INS 0000 024 163 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FD7611EBFCF0F195" box="[738,777,207,231]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FF7211CAFEC1F075" box="[230,312,238,262]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: [
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBD2E38FEDC11CAFE4FF075" box="[328,438,238,262]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
, Puyehue National Park] Osorno Prov., Puyehue Nat. Pk. Aguas Calientes [-40.73, -72.30],
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBD2E38FD5E1029FCFEF056" box="[714,775,269,293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="500.0">500m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC61025FFBD2E38FF151008FF07F037" box="[129,254,300,324]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1984-12-20">20.XII.1984</date>
-
<date id="FFC61025FFBD2E38FE911008FEA4F037" box="[261,349,300,324]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1985-02-08">8.II.1985</date>
/FMHD#85-930 Derumbes for. Trail, S.andJ. Peck, P#85-45, FIT FIELD MUSEUM NAT HIST/
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FD77106BFD04F010" box="[739,765,335,355]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
/ FMNH-INS 0000 024 169 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FE3C104FFE36F0F1" box="[424,463,363,387]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FDAA104FFD69F0F0" box="[574,656,363,387]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: [
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBD2E38FD351048FCFDF0F0" box="[673,772,363,387]" country="Chile" name="Los Rios" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Los Ríos</collectingRegion>
] Valdivia Prov.,
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBD2E38FEB410AFFE9FF0D0" box="[288,358,395,419]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="26.0">26 km</quantity>
SE Panguipulli [-39.75, -72.15]
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBD2E38FD5D10AFFCFCF0D0" box="[713,773,395,419]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="300.0">300m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC61025FFBD2E38FF15108EFF04F0B1" box="[129,253,426,450]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1984-12-16">16.XII.1984</date>
-
<date id="FFC61025FFBD2E38FE91108EFE93F0B1" box="[261,362,426,450]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1985-02-11">11.II.1985</date>
/FMHD#85-921,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBD2E38FDBA108EFD5CF0B1" box="[558,677,426,450]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Nothofagus</taxonomicName>
remnant S.andJ. Peck, P#85-34, carrion trap FIELD MUSEUM NAT HIST/
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FF5C10C8FF1BF373" box="[200,226,492,512]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
/FMNH-INS 0000 024 168 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FD8F10CDFDBAF373" box="[539,579,489,513]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FD2010CDFCFFF372" box="[692,774,489,513]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: [
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBD2E38FF13132CFF1EF353" box="[135,231,520,544]" country="Chile" name="Los Rios" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Los Ríos</collectingRegion>
] Prov. Valdivia: Parque Oncol (Cruce Sendero Tepual) Rio Cruces [-39.72, -73.27]
<date id="FFC61025FFBD2E38FE321303FE07F34C" box="[422,510,551,575]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2001-01-08">8-I-2001</date>
T Cekalovic CHIL1CO1 005/[Barcode] SM0723095 KUNHM-ENT [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FDED1363FD59F32D" box="[633,672,583,607]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
SEMC]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FF131342FF25F30D" box="[135,220,614,638]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBD2E38FF7C1342FEB1F30D" box="[232,328,614,638]" country="Chile" name="Los Rios" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Los Ríos</collectingRegion>
] 85/Süd-Chile 31.1.90 Puerto Puyehue [~ -40.65, -72.33] leg.G.H. Schwabe [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FE6413A1FDE3F3EF" box="[496,538,645,669]" count="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FDB113A1FDB5F3EF" box="[549,588,645,669]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
SDEI]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FD2513A1FCFFF3EE" box="[689,774,645,669]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBD2E38FF151381FF0AF3CE" box="[129,243,677,701]" country="Chile" name="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Magallanes</collectingRegion>
and Chilean
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FEE71381FE19F3CE" box="[371,480,677,701]" name="Antarctica" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
] Welling Is. Pto. Eden [-49.11, -74.40]
<date id="FFC61025FFBD2E38FF4213E0FEB6F3AF" box="[214,335,708,732]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1958-12-13">13.XII.1958</date>
/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FECC13E0FE52F3AF" box="[344,427,708,732]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
Fr Kuschel/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBD2E38FDA213E0FD74F3AF" box="[566,653,708,732]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quedius</taxonomicName>
nigroflavus Toưenham TYPE [manuscript name]/NHM [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FD1513C7FD50F389" box="[641,681,739,763]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
NHM]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FF131227FF25F268" box="[135,220,771,795]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBD2E38FF7D1227FEA2F268" box="[233,347,771,795]" country="Chile" name="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Magallanes</collectingRegion>
and Chilean
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FE791227FDA3F268" box="[493,602,771,795]" name="Antarctica" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
] Welling Is. Pto. Eden [-49.11, -74.40]
<date id="FFC61025FFBD2E38FEF41206FE20F249" box="[352,473,802,826]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1958-12-13">13.XII.1958</date>
/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FE751206FDCDF249" box="[481,564,802,826]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
Fr Kuschel/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBD2E38FD261206FCF0F249" box="[690,777,802,826]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quedius</taxonomicName>
nigroflavus Toưenham PAÞTYPE [manuscript name]/NHM [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FF1D1245FF4BF20B" box="[137,178,865,889]" count="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FF221245FF24F20B" box="[182,221,865,889]" count="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
NHM]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FEA81245FE68F20A" box="[316,401,865,889]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBD2E38FE0C1245FDF3F20A" box="[408,522,865,889]" country="Chile" name="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Magallanes</collectingRegion>
and Chilean
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FD1F1245FD05F20A" box="[651,764,865,889]" name="Antarctica" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
]/
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBD2E38FF1512A4FF22F2EB" box="[129,219,896,920]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
/Welling Is. Pto. Eden [-49.11, -74.40]
<date id="FFC61025FFBD2E38FDE712A4FD12F2EB" box="[627,747,896,920]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1958-11-30">30.XI.1958</date>
/C. E. Toưenham collection. B.M. 1974-587/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FDA512BBFD7BF2C4" box="[561,642,927,951]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
Fr Kuschel/ nigroflavus Tot [manuscript name]/NHM/PAÞTYPE
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBD2E38FF1512FAFEAAF285" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[129,339,990,1014]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBD2E38FF1512FAFEAAF285" box="[129,339,990,1014]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Loncovilius variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2023/NHMUK015025170 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FD1812D9FD4AF567" box="[652,691,1021,1045]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHM]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FF131539FF25F546" box="[135,220,1053,1077]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBD2E38FF7D1539FEA2F546" box="[233,347,1053,1077]" country="Chile" name="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Magallanes</collectingRegion>
and Chilean
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FE791539FDA3F546" box="[493,602,1053,1077]" name="Antarctica" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
] Welling Is. Pto. Eden [-49.11, -74.40]
<date id="FFC61025FFBD2E38FEFA1518FE1EF527" box="[366,487,1084,1108]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1958-12-13">13.XII.1958</date>
/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FE641518FDBAF527" box="[496,579,1084,1108]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
Fr Kuschel/Qued. Sp. 5/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBD2E38FF29157FFE98F500" authority="sp." authorityName="Sp." box="[189,353,1115,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Loncovilius
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFFBD2E38FED11578FE98F500" box="[325,353,1116,1139]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
Nov. P.M. Hammond det. 1980/NHM [Blue label]/NHMD 917069 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FE53155FFE17F5E1" box="[455,494,1147,1171]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHM];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FDC7155FFD5CF5E0" box="[595,677,1147,1171]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBD2E38FD26155FFCF0F5E0" box="[690,777,1147,1171]" country="Chile" name="Region Metropolitana" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Santiago</collectingRegion>
[
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBD2E38FF1215BEFF18F5C1" box="[134,225,1178,1202]" country="Chile" name="Region Metropolitana" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Santiago</collectingRegion>
Metropolitan]: El Alfalfal [~ -33.51, -70.20]
<date id="FFC61025FFBD2E38FD5C15BEFCF3F5C1" box="[712,778,1178,1202]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1977-01">I.1977</date>
L.E.Peña, leg. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST./FMNH-INS 0000 024 157–162 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FE8815FDFEBAF583" box="[284,323,1241,1265]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FEDF15FDFE8BF583" box="[331,370,1241,1265]" count="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
FMNH;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FE4315FDFE07F583" box="[471,510,1241,1265]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FD9215FDFDD4F583" box="[518,557,1241,1265]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHMD ex. FMNH;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FF1515DCFF5EF47C" box="[129,167,1272,1296]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
CZUG ex. FMNH;
<superScript id="7C0D9BADFFBD2E38FEE915D2FE7BF477" attach="right" box="[381,386,1270,1284]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">*</superScript>
this is potentially a labelling error. Ŋe
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBD2E38FF16143CFF0DF45C" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[130,244,1303,1327]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBD2E38FF16143CFF76F45C" box="[130,143,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBD2E38FF081433FF0DF45C" box="[156,244,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
model shown in
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBD2E38FE3F1433FDF8F45C" box="[427,513,1303,1327]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-6@11.[114,1458,144,1749]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3. Ecological niche modelling of Loncovilius species. A–D, potential suitable areas predicted with free extrapolation in South America. Binarized projection with 5% threshold for suitability values and mobility-oriented parity analysis (MOP) showing areas for which current model predictions are strictly based on extrapolation. E–H, predictions under shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) 126, and agreement between different global climate models (GCMs), and MOP agreement among GCMs with strict extrapolative conditions under the low emissions.I–L, predictions under SSPs 585, agreement between different GCMs, and MOP agreement among GCMs with strict extrapolative conditions under the high emissions." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 3</figureCitation>
does not include this occurrence. Ŋe sets of variables and the calibration results that do include this occurrence can be consulted in the Supporting Information,
<tableCitation id="C6FA035EFFBD2E38FE9D1451FE9BF4FE" box="[265,354,1397,1421]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[115,170,893,917]" captionText="Table 1.Taxon sample for the phylogenetic analysis (less column) and resulting taxonomic changes (right column)." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Table S1</tableCitation>
, and in the Supporting Information, File S6]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FF2F14B1FEE9F4DE" box="[187,272,1429,1453]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: unknown locality and date]
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FDD514B1FD8EF4DE" box="[577,631,1429,1453]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Chili</collectingCountry>
./
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FD1614B1FD41F4DE" box="[642,696,1429,1453]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Chili</collectingCountry>
[Green round label]/Sharp Coll 1905-313./
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBD2E38FDB11490FD78F4BF" box="[549,641,1460,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quedius</taxonomicName>
nigroflavus Toưenham PAÞTYPE [manuscript name]/NHM [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FD7614F7FCF0F499" box="[738,777,1491,1515]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHM]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FF4914D7FECBF778" box="[221,306,1523,1547]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: unknown locality and date]
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FDC714D7FD7FF778" box="[595,646,1523,1547]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Chili</collectingCountry>
Sharp Coll./
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBD2E38FF151736FF21F759" box="[129,216,1554,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quedius</taxonomicName>
nigroflavus Brnh (Typ.) [manuscript name]/BRIT. MUSEUM DON. ARROW/B. Typ. ohne Flg.d streifen/Chicago NHMus M.Bernhauer Collection/Bernhauer MS name? Current genus:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBD2E38FE891754FE6CF7FB" box="[285,405,1648,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Loncovilius</taxonomicName>
teste A.Newton 2000 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FDEA1754FD5CF7F4" box="[638,677,1648,1672]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
FMNH]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FF1217ABFF22F7D4" box="[134,219,1679,1703]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: unknown locality and date] 53793/Reed/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBD2E38FD3117ABFD22F7D4" box="[677,731,1679,1703]" name="Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Chili</collectingCountry>
/Fry Coll. 1905.100/Chicago NHMus M.Bernhauer Collection/
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FD771796FD04F7B5" box="[739,765,1714,1734]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
/ FMNH-INS 0000 024 171 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FE2517EAFE21F796" box="[433,472,1742,1766]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
FMNH]. All
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBD2E38FDE417EAFD28F795" box="[624,721,1742,1766]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
with label: PAÞTYPE
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBD2E38FED317C9FDECF676" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[327,533,1773,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBD2E38FED317C9FDECF676" box="[327,533,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Loncovilius variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBD2E38FF151663FDB0F62D" blockId="28.[129,585,1862,1886]" box="[129,585,1862,1886]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBD2E38FF151663FF1EF62D" box="[129,231,1863,1886]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Same as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBD2E38FED71662FE65F62D" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[323,412,1862,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBD2E38FED71662FE65F62D" box="[323,412,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group diagnosis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBD2E38FF1516A4FA9AF075" blockId="28.[129,778,1919,1975]" lastBlockId="28.[824,1476,144,1985]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBD2E38FF1516A4FF0EF6E4" box="[129,247,1920,1943]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description:</emphasis>
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FE4216A6FE09F6E5" box="[470,496,1922,1942]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBD2E38FF1516BBFF6DF6C5" box="[129,148,1951,1974]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">N</emphasis>
= 10]: FBL = 2.79–3.19 (2.98); TL = 5.12–6.25 (5.61); HW = 0.72–0.8 (0.77); HL = 0.74–0.83 (0.79); HW/ HL = 0.95–1 (0.97); PW = 0.95–1.05 (1); PL = 0.88–0.98 (0.93); PW/PL = 1.02–1.09 (1.07); EW = 1.31–1.54 (1.38); EL = 1.17–1.43 (1.25); PW/HW = 1.23–1.33 (1.30).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBD2E38FCC1102AFB92F0B1" blockId="28.[824,1476,144,1985]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBD2E38FB9B1034FBD0F057" box="[1039,1065,272,292]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBD2E38FAF2102AFA80F056" box="[1382,1401,270,293]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">N</emphasis>
= 10]: FBL = 3.05–3.53 (3.33); TL = 5.5–7.44 (6.4); HW = 0.79– 0.86 (0.83); HL = 0.82–0.9 (0.85); HW/HL = 0.94–1 (0.97); PW = 1.05–1.17 (1.10); PL = 1–1.08 (1.04); PW/PL = 1.03– 1.09 (1.06); EW = 1.36–1.74 (1.56); EL = 1.22–1.55 (1.43); PW/HW = 1.29–1.39 (1.34).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBD2E38FCC110EDFA72F34C" blockId="28.[824,1476,144,1985]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Head, pronotum, and elytra black to brown-black, head darker; antennae, mouthparts, and legs yellowish-brown; abdominal tergites and sternites variable in coloration, from dark reddish-brown to brown-black with pale posterior margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBD2E38FCC11363FAAEF41D" blockId="28.[824,1476,144,1985]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Head from about as wide as long to, usually, slightly longer than wide; dorsally and ventrally glossy with few micropunctures and very fine microsculpture of transverse waves, without coarse non-setiferous punctures; posterior angles indistinct with sparse setiferous punctures of medium and small size. Eyes small (EYL/ HL = x = 0.47), from 1.03 to 1.29 times as long as temples (in lateral view); distance between eyes about 1.25 times as long as length of eye in males and 1.34 times in females. Antennomere 3 slightly longer than antennomere 2; antennomeres 4 to 7 subequal in length; antennomeres 8 to 10 subequal in length; a11 1.53-1.72 times as long as a
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBD2E38FBD812A4FB86F2EB" box="[1100,1151,896,920]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
males and
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBD2E38FB7B12A4FA90F2EB" box="[1263,1385,896,920]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0259" metricValueMax="4.318" metricValueMin="3.7338" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="1.585" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.47">1.47-1.70 in</quantity>
females. Basal puncture usually double; parocular punctures usually single; posterior frontal puncture located anterior to temporal puncture; no small setiferous punctures between frontoclypeal and anterior frontal punctures; ventral basal ridge more or less straight in checkmark shape, almost united with gular sutures; postgenal ridge reduced to small trace near gular sutures; postmandibular ridge reaching close to eye margin; PMP greatly reduced; nuchal ridge present laterally and dorsally, fused with infraorbital ridge; gula with isodiametric microsculpture medially, gular sutures moderately and equally separated in both sexes. Mandibles without dorsolateral groove; labrum with sub-rectangular sclerotized region and entire to slightly notched apical margin; mentum with seta alpha only; penultimate labial palpomere only weakly dilated apicad, subequal in width with more or less subconical to fusiform apical palpomere.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBD2E38FCC11452FAD0F759" blockId="28.[824,1476,144,1985]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pronotum slightly wider than long, convex, evenly curved, with two PPDS, without APP, with one SLSP; flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension (process) not interrupted by inferior line. Elytra evenly punctate, interspaces from about as long as, to 5 or even 10 times as long as, diameter of punctures. Mesosternum with four macrosetae arranged in a row medially.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBD2E38FCC11715FB73F676" blockId="28.[824,1476,144,1985]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Protibiae not sexually dimorphic, without laterodorsal row of thick spines in both sexes. Mesotarsomeres 1–4 not sexually dimorphic, in both sexes with pale adhesive setae and mesotarsomeres
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBD2E38FB8A17ABFB9FF7D4" box="[1054,1126,1679,1703]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 in</quantity>
both sexes with terminal plate. Metatarsomeres 2–4 with pale adhesive setae, without terminal plate; metatarsomere 1 shorter than 5, metatarsomere 4 ventrally with apical margin bilobed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBD2E39FCC11629FD37F036" blockId="28.[824,1476,144,1985]" lastBlockId="29.[113,765,144,544]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Abdominal tergites III and IV with several rows of sparse and fine punctures of moderate density, without sizeable impunctate area; tergite VIII only slightly emarginate medio-apically in females. Sternite III with basal transverse carina strongly arcuate; lateral tergal sclerites IX not dorsoventrally or laterally flaưened. Male sternite VIII with broad and shallow U-shaped emargination medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBC2E39FEFD11B4FE3BF1DB" box="[361,450,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 14D</figureCitation>
); female sternite VIII without emargination; male sternite IX without emargination medially (apex subtruncate), its basal portion moderately longer than distal portion; male tergite X with anterior margin subtruncate (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBC2E39FFE81029FF2FF056" box="[124,214,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
); female tergite X apically truncate (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBC2E39FDCA1029FD41F056" box="[606,696,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 13D</figureCitation>
); ovipositor, its second gonocoxite with one macroseta medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBC2E39FF191068FD88F353" blockId="29.[113,765,144,544]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Aedeagus as in
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBC2E39FEB81068FE4CF017" box="[300,437,332,356]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figure 10I–K</figureCitation>
; its total length ~ 0.95. Median lobe rod-like, apex not emarginate; internal sac with median vertical sclerite and pair of short I-shaped copulatory sclerites. Paramere slightly produced over apex of median lobe; wider than median lobe; converging into a subrounded apex, slightly projected in the middle; with dark peg setae; in lateral view paramere almost straight, slightly concave apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBC2E39FFE51365FE41F266" blockId="29.[113,763,577,789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FFE51365FF18F32A" box="[113,225,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Etymology:</emphasis>
Ŋe species epithet is the Latin adjective
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FD011365FD0DF32A" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[661,756,577,601]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
‘
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FD0F1365FD0DF32A" box="[667,756,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ (variable) and refers to a notable intraspecific morphological variation of this taxon. Ŋis variation can occur between individuals from the same locality, e.g. it can be completely blackishbrown forms and others with a reddish-brown abdomen. Ŋe head punctation also varies, and loss or duplication of paraocular and basal punctures is common.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBC2E39FFE51213FEE0F51A" blockId="29.[113,764,823,1129]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FFE51213FDA0F23C" box="[113,601,823,847]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Distribution and habitat:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FEEB1213FDA0F23C" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[383,601,823,847]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">Loncovilius variabilis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known only from
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FF241272FF15F21D" box="[176,236,854,878]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Chile</collectingCountry>
, from the following regions:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FDA31272FD5CF21D" box="[567,677,854,878]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FD201272FD0FF21D" box="[692,758,854,878]" country="Chile" name="Aysen" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Aysén</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FFE51252FF1CF2FD" box="[113,229,886,910]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FF611252FEA0F2FE" box="[245,345,885,909]" country="Chile" name="Los Rios" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Los Ríos</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FEFD1251FE1AF2FE" box="[361,483,885,909]" country="Chile" name="Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Magallanes</collectingRegion>
, and Chilean
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FD111251FD0FF2FE" box="[645,758,885,909]" name="Antarctica" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
, and from Santiago Metropolitan. The species occurs from lowlands to
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FF611290FEB1F2B8" box="[245,328,948,972]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</quantity>
of elevation in the mountains; confined to various
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBC2E39FF7812F0FEDCF29F" box="[236,293,980,1004]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">types</typeStatus>
of forests in the Magellanic subpolar and Valdivian temperate forest ecoregions. It has been collected using Malaise traps, and directly from flowers, e.g. from
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FFE51515FEC1F53A" box="[113,312,1073,1097]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Tepualia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stipularis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FFE51515FEC1F53A" box="[113,312,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Tepualia stipularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FEDA1515FE3CF53A" box="[334,453,1073,1097]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FD861515FD03F53A" box="[530,762,1073,1097]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cunoniaceae" genus="Caldcluvia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paniculata">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FD861515FD03F53A" box="[530,762,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Caldcluvia paniculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FFED1575FEF4F51A" box="[121,269,1105,1129]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cunoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cunoniaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

264
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<mods:title id="C060E1074E726F1420BD064C191B983F">Phylogeny-based taxonomic revision and niche modelling of the rove beetle genus Loncovilius Germain, 1903 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBB2E3EFEB8177AFDF4F70B" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[300,525,1630,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFEB8177AFDF4F70B" bold="true" box="[300,525,1630,1657]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Loncovilius impunctus</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFE8617B8FD81F7C5" bold="true" box="[274,632,1692,1719]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
(
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBB2E3EFE8917B9FE94F7C4" box="[285,365,1693,1719]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[154,1419,145,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-6@13.[153,1420,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5. Female habitus of Loncovilius species.A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 5C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBB2E3EFEE317B9FE3CF7C4" box="[375,453,1693,1719]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">10G, H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBB2E3EFE5B17B9FE04F7C4" box="[463,509,1693,1719]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">12C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBB2E3EFD9317B9FDCCF7C4" box="[519,565,1693,1719]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">13C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBB2E3EFDAB17B9FD94F7C4" box="[575,621,1693,1719]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">14C</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFF1517F5FE93F79B" box="[129,362,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFF15160EFEF6F632" box="[129,271,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Type material.</emphasis>
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:
</emphasis>
male, mounted, with genitalia in a separate microvial, with labels as follows:
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:
<location id="8EA7603EFFBB2E3EFDFD166DFD10F612" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FFBB2E3FFEB8177AFD30F437:8EA7603EFFBB2E3EFDFD166DFD10F612" box="[617,745,1865,1889]" country="Chile" name="Cherquenco" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Cherquenco</location>
[~ -38.70, -72.01]
<date id="FFC61025FFBB2E3EFE88164CFE83F6F3" box="[284,378,1896,1920]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1954-07">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFFBB2E3EFE88164CFE83F6F3" box="[284,378,1896,1920]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1954-07">VII-1954</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="268D5333FFBB2E3EFEEB164CFE32F60C" box="[383,459,1896,1919]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">L. Pena</collectorName>
, leg./
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBB2E3EFD95164FFDE2F60C" box="[513,539,1899,1919]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
/FMNH-INS 0000 024 367
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/
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<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFED016A3FDE5F6EC" box="[324,540,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Loncovilius impunctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022. Deposited at FMNH.
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FFBB2E3EFC0E11B5FC6CF195" collectingDate="1954-07" collectorName="L. Pena" country="Chile" location="Cherquenco" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFC0E11B5FBF9F1DB" box="[922,1024,145,168]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBB2E3EFC0E11B5FC05F1DB" box="[922,1020,145,168]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBB2E3EFB9911B4FB99F1DB" box="[1037,1120,144,168]" name="Chile" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8EA7603EFFBB2E3EFBE411B4FB09F1DB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FFBB2E3FFEB8177AFD30F437:8EA7603EFFBB2E3EFBE411B4FB09F1DB" box="[1136,1264,144,168]" country="Chile" name="Cherquenco" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Cherquenco</location>
[~ -38.70, -72.01]
<date id="FFC61025FFBB2E3EFCAD118BFC6EF1B4" box="[825,919,175,199]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1954-07">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFFBB2E3EFCAD118BFC6EF1B4" box="[825,919,175,199]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1954-07">VII-1954</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="268D5333FFBB2E3EFC091194FC12F1B4" box="[925,1003,176,199]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">L. Pena</collectorName>
, leg./
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBB2E3EFBB01196FBC7F1B5" box="[1060,1086,178,198]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
/FMNH-INS 0000 024 368-369 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBB2E3EFA0C118BFA3BF1B5" box="[1432,1474,175,199]" count="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
FMNH]
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FFBB2E3EFC3011EBFAECF056" collectingDate="1976-12-19" collectingDateMax="1976-12-21" collectingDateMin="1976-12-19" collectorName="H. F. Howden" country="Chile" elevation="1100" location="Malleco Prov." pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBB2E3EFC3011EBFC0EF194" box="[932,1015,207,231]" name="Chile" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8EA7603EFFBB2E3EFB9011EBFB6FF195" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FFBB2E3FFEB8177AFD30F437:8EA7603EFFBB2E3EFB9011EBFB6FF195" box="[1028,1174,207,231]" country="Chile" name="Malleco Prov." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Malleco Prov.</location>
<locationDeviation id="9A752FC7FFBB2E3EFB3411EBFA9CF195" box="[1184,1381,207,231]" location="Manzanar" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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E Manzanar
</locationDeviation>
[-38.44, -71.51]
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBB2E3EFC0411CAFC20F075" box="[912,985,238,262]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1100.0">
<elevation id="0055D1D6FFBB2E3EFC0411CAFC20F075" box="[912,985,238,262]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100m</elevation>
</quantity>
<date id="FFC61025FFBB2E3EFC7011CAFB80F075" box="[996,1145,238,262]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1976-12-19" valueMax="1976-12-21" valueMin="1976-12-19">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFFBB2E3EFC7011CAFB80F075" box="[996,1145,238,262]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1976-12-19" valueMax="1976-12-21" valueMin="1976-12-19">19-21.xii.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="268D5333FFBB2E3EFB1011CAFADBF075" box="[1156,1314,238,262]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. F. Howden</collectorName>
/CNCI L2004- 28/
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBB2E3EFCF41034FC83F057" box="[864,890,272,292]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
/FMNH-INS 0000 024 465 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBB2E3EFB371029FB32F057" box="[1187,1227,269,293]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
CNC]
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FFBB2E3EFA8A1029FAA1F010" collectorName="Coll. L. Pena" country="Chile" location="Chile" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="3" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBB2E3EFA8A1029FAA2F056" box="[1310,1371,269,293]" name="Chile" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Chile</collectingCountry>
: Tolhuaco [~ -38.23, -71.71]11.I.62/
<collectorName id="268D5333FFBB2E3EFBD21009FB2EF036" box="[1094,1239,301,325]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Coll. L. Peña</collectorName>
/
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBB2E3EFB741014FB03F037" box="[1248,1274,304,324]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
/FMNH-INS 0000 024 364–366 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBB2E3EFC5A1068FC01F010" box="[974,1016,332,356]" count="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
FMNH;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBB2E3EFBCC1068FB86F010" box="[1112,1151,332,356]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
MNNC ex. FMNH]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBB2E3EFCC1104FFBACF0B1" blockId="26.[824,1474,144,450]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
All
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBB2E3EFC171048FC1FF0F7" box="[899,998,364,388]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are supplied with the label: PAÞTYPE
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBB2E3EFCAD10AFFBEFF0D1" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[825,1046,395,419]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFCAD10AFFBEFF0D1" box="[825,1046,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Loncovilius impunctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBB2E3EFCAD10C0FAF9F3A5" blockId="26.[824,1475,483,727]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFCAD10C0FC66F088" box="[825,927,484,507]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Head dorsally with meshed microsculpture; gula with isodiametric microsculpture in the middle; females with antennomere 11 (a11) distinctly longer than antennomere 10 (a10; a11:a10 ratio&gt;1.5). Elytra reddish-brown, disc glossy with only a few rows of setiferous punctures, epipleura evenly setose. Protibiae not sexually dimorphic, in both sexes with laterodorsal row of thick spines. Tergite VIII in both sexes with medial apical emargination. Aedeagus as in
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBB2E3EFBF3139BFB03F3A5" box="[1127,1274,703,727]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figure 10G, H</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBB2E3EFCAD13DDFBCEF2DE" blockId="26.[824,1476,760,1975]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFCAD13DDFC49F263" box="[825,944,761,784]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Description:</emphasis>
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBB2E3EFBF513DFFB82F27C" box="[1121,1147,763,783]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFAE713DDFA7FF263" box="[1395,1414,761,784]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">N</emphasis>
= 3]: FBL = 3.35–3.59 (3.48); HW = 1.01–1.1 (1.07); HL = 0.85– 0.93 (0.89); HW/HL = 1.18–1.21 (1.19); PW = 1.4– 1.44 (1.42); PL = 1.2–1.25 (1.23); PW/PL = 1.14–1.17 (1.15); EW = 1.67–1.7 (1.68); EL = 1.3–1.44 (1.36); PW/ HW = 1.28–1.39 (1.33).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBB2E3EFCC11290FB43F51A" blockId="26.[824,1476,760,1975]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBB2E3EFC641293FBF3F2B8" box="[1008,1034,951,971]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBB2E3EFB7E1291FB04F2BF" box="[1258,1277,949,972]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">N</emphasis>
= 4]: FBL = 3.71– 3.93 (3.81); TL = 7.5–7.53 (7.52); HW = 1.17–1.18 (1.18); HL = 0.93–0.97 (0.95); HW/HL = 1.22–1.26 (1.24); PW = 1.54–1.59 (1.56); PL = 1.29–1.37 (1.32); PW/ PL = 1.16–1.19 (1.18); EW = 1.82–1.9 (1.87); EL = 1.46–1.59 (1.54); PW/HW = 1.32–1.35 (1.33).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBB2E3EFCC11554FC78F5B4" blockId="26.[824,1476,760,1975]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Head, mouthparts, and legs black to brown-black; pronotum, antennae, elytra, and abdomen dark reddish-brown, elytra lighter.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBB2E3EFCC115EAFBA0F6C4" blockId="26.[824,1476,760,1975]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Head transverse; dorsally and ventrally glossy with few micropunctures and microsculpture of transverse meshes, with coarse non-setiferous punctures; posterior angles indistinct with few setiferous punctures of medium and small size. Eyes of medium size (EYL/HL = x = 0.52), from 1.51 to 1.64 times longer than temples (in lateral view); distance between eyes around 1.8 times the length of eye. Antennal insertions situated at equal distance from frontoclypeus and from eye; antennomeres 2 and 3 subequal in length; antennomeres 4 to 10 gradually reduced in length; a11 from 1.54 to 1.75 times longer than a
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBB2E3EFAD914CCFA78F773" box="[1357,1409,1512,1536]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
males and from
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBB2E3EFC331723FBBEF76C" box="[935,1095,1543,1567]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0893999999999995" metricValueMax="4.2672" metricValueMin="3.9116" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="in" value="1.6099999999999999" valueMax="1.68" valueMin="1.54">1.54 to 1.68 in</quantity>
females. Basal and parocular punctures usually single; posterior frontal puncture located anterior to temporal puncture; without small setose punctures between frontoclypeal and anterior frontal punctures; ventral basal ridge rather straight in L-shape, almost united with gular sutures; postgenal ridge absent; postmandibular ridge distinctly separated from eye margin; well-developed PMP; nuchal ridge present laterally and dorsally, fused with infraorbital ridge; gula with microsculpture medially, gular sutures moderately separated. Mandibles with dorsolateral groove; labrum with subrectangular sclerotized region and emarginate apical margin; mentum with seta beta only; penultimate labial palpomere markedly dilated apicad, apical palpomere distinctly narrower than penultimate and more or less subconical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBA2E3FFF1911B4FDD2F036" blockId="27.[113,764,144,1108]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pronotum transverse, convex, evenly curved, with one PPDS and an APP, without SLSP, with few coarse non-setiferous punctures; flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension (process) interrupted by inferior line. Elytra with epipleura evenly setose; disc with only a few rows of setiferous punctures. Mesosternum with four macrosetae arranged in a row medially.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBA2E3FFF191068FF39F34C" blockId="27.[113,764,144,1108]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Protibiae not sexually dimorphic, with laterodorsal row of thick spines in both sexes. In males, mesotarsomeres 1–4 with pale adhesive setae, mesotarsomeres 1–3 with terminal plate. In females, mesotarsomeres 2–4 with pale adhesive setae, without terminal plate. In both sexes, metatarsomeres 2–4 with pale adhesive setae, without terminal plate; metatarsomere 1 shorter than 5, metatarsomere 4 ventrallywith apical margin slightly sinuate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBA2E3FFF191363FD9CF2EB" blockId="27.[113,764,144,1108]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Abdominal tergites III and IV with two patches of punctures of moderate size and density, with middle impunctate line; tergite VIII emarginate medio-apically. Sternite III with basal transverse carina strongly arcuate; lateral tergal sclerites IX laterally flaưened only in males. Male sternite VIII with broad V-shaped emargination medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBA2E3FFEE713C7FE29F388" box="[371,464,739,763]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
); female sternite VIII with U-shaped emargination medially; male sternite IX with obtuse emargination medially, its basal portion shorter than distal portion; male tergite X truncate medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBA2E3FFD941265FDAEF22A" box="[512,599,833,857]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
); female tergite X truncate to slightly arcuate medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBA2E3FFD961245FDA0F20A" box="[514,601,865,889]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
); ovipositor, its second gonocoxite without macrosetae medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBA2E3FFF1912BBFD68F527" blockId="27.[113,764,144,1108]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Aedeagus as in
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBA2E3FFEA612BBFE35F2C4" box="[306,460,927,951]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figure 10G, H</figureCitation>
; its total length 1.2. Median lobe bulky, in parameral view with truncated apex; internal sac with pair of long I-shaped copulatory sclerites. Paramere slightly produced over apex of median lobe, wider than median lobe, its sides converging into M-shape apex, with dark peg setae, in lateral view almost straight and slightly concave apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBA2E3FFFE51551FDD3F5BF" blockId="27.[113,762,1141,1228]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFFE51551FF18F5FE" box="[113,225,1141,1165]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Etymology:</emphasis>
Ŋe species epithet is derived from the Latin prefix ‘
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFFE315B1FF68F5DF" box="[119,145,1173,1196]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">im</emphasis>
’ (not) and adjective ‘
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFEFA15B1FE38F5DF" box="[366,449,1173,1196]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">punctate</emphasis>
’ (doưed), referring to the disc of pronotum and elytra mostly impunctate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBA2E3FFFE515C9FD30F437" blockId="27.[112,762,1261,1348]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBA2E3FFFE515C9FDC7F476" box="[113,574,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Distribution and habitat:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBA2E3FFEF315C9FDC7F476" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[359,574,1261,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctus">Loncovilius impunctus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known from the
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBA2E3FFFE41429FEDFF456" box="[112,294,1293,1317]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Araucanía Region</collectingRegion>
in
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBA2E3FFED01429FE85F456" box="[324,380,1293,1317]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Chile</collectingCountry>
where it is confined to Valdivian temperate forest ecoregion. It is unknown how it was collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

539
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<mods:title id="AC58FE117827943B1457DC2490843BCE">Phylogeny-based taxonomic revision and niche modelling of the rove beetle genus Loncovilius Germain, 1903 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="F9A49968259F12A83FB92AAB8077FABA">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="85627842C364F0C4C137B1D9B80FB60C">42</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="B4E23839E61F1DA6C9CEE4EEA3842E45">
<mods:url id="505FE800B68270D30517FEFDA3E32A9C">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad143</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="8FC897CB08910EC34B7AA64A71E14994">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9DA12CA0592A7AFF11A406CA2844E8FE" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad143</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2DE1B986537DA031EA794E969C926DC3" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FBD69B7DD7AC3B46EB8A4FE6116FD04C" type="Zenodo-Dep">14541979</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AE306CA6A22ADFF8F474179E98416F73" type="ZooBank">CE2383A-68A1-40A0-8F48-1271F96F86F1Corresponding</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D187F3FFBC2E3AFE8617A3FAFCF4B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FFBC2E3AFE8617A3FAFCF4B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D187F3FFBC2E3AFE8617A3FAFCF4B2" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="C362656EFFBC2E39FE8617A3FDA3F7D1" box="[274,602,1671,1698]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBC2E39FE8617A3FDA3F7D1" blockId="29.[274,602,1671,1698]" box="[274,602,1671,1698]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D08F8189FFBC2E39FE8617A3FDA3F7D1" bold="true" box="[274,602,1671,1698]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FE8617A3FDA3F7D1" bold="true" box="[274,602,1671,1698]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FE8617A3FDF0F7D1" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[274,521,1671,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cantharoides" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FE8617A3FDF0F7D1" bold="true" box="[274,521,1671,1698]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Loncovilius cantharoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFFBC2E39FD9A17ACFDA3F7D1" box="[526,602,1672,1698]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C362656EFFBC2E3AFF6317E2FAFCF4B2" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBC2E39FF6317E2FD8CF793" blockId="29.[247,629,1734,1760]" box="[247,629,1734,1760]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FF6317E2FD8CF793" bold="true" box="[247,629,1734,1760]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
(
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBC2E39FE9617E2FEB6F793" box="[258,335,1734,1760]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Loncovilius species. A, male of L. edwardsianus. B, male of L. cantharoides. C, female of L. semiflavus. D, male of L. barclayi." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 6B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBC2E39FECD17E2FE8DF793" box="[345,372,1734,1760]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[153,1419,163,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-6@15.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7. Female habitus of Loncovilius species.A, L. lividipennis. B, L. carlsbergi. Head. C, L. hammondi. D, L. semiflavus. E, L. carlsbergi. F, Male mesotarsi of L. cantharoides." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">7F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBC2E39FEEA17E2FE2BF793" box="[382,466,1734,1760]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">10O–Q</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBC2E39FE4817E2FDFCF793" box="[476,517,1734,1760]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">12F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBC2E39FD9A17E2FDCEF793" box="[526,567,1734,1760]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">13F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBC2E39FDD417E2FD93F793" box="[576,618,1734,1760]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">14F</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBC2E39FFE51623FE04F64D" blockId="29.[113,762,1798,1854]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FFE51623FE99F66D" box="[113,352,1799,1823]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
<uri id="FFE93AE7FFBC2E39FE171622FE00F64D" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFDE0C30FFBC2E39FD151622FE00F64D" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">9199958E- 5D1F-4C33-9DE8-4FBDDBFBFD72</uuid>
</uri>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBC2E39FFE51644FD03F6C5" blockId="29.[113,762,1887,1974]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FFE51644FEFCF604" box="[113,261,1887,1911]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B103CB8FFBC2E39FE9B167BFD03F6C5" collectingDate="1982-12-13" collectingDateMax="1982-12-31" collectingDateMin="1982-12-13" collectorName="Km E Malalcahuello" country="Chile" elevation="1080" location="Malleco Prov." municipality="Malalcahuello" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FE9B167BFE96F604" box="[271,367,1887,1911]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBC2E39FE9B167BFE93F604" box="[271,362,1887,1911]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
male, mounted, with labels as follows:
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FF24165BFEFAF6E4" box="[176,259,1919,1943]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8EA7603EFFBC2E39FE9A165BFE67F6E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FFBC2E3AFE8617A3FAFCF4B2:8EA7603EFFBC2E39FE9A165BFE67F6E5" box="[270,414,1919,1943]" country="Chile" municipality="Malalcahuello" name="Malleco Prov." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Malleco Prov.</location>
6.5
<collectorName id="268D5333FFBC2E39FE59165BFD5AF6E4" box="[461,675,1919,1943]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Km E
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3AC9FFFBC2E39FD87165BFD5AF6E4" box="[531,675,1919,1943]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Malalcahuello</collectingMunicipality>
</collectorName>
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FD38165BFD0FF6E4" box="[684,758,1919,1943]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1080.0">
<elevation id="0055D1D6FFBC2E39FD38165BFD0FF6E4" box="[684,758,1919,1943]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1080.0">1080m</elevation>
</quantity>
, trap site 651
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FE9616BAFE6EF6C5" box="[258,407,1950,1974]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1982-12-13" valueMax="1982-12-31" valueMin="1982-12-13">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9CDFFBC2E39FE9616BAFE6EF6C5" box="[258,407,1950,1974]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1982-12-13" valueMax="1982-12-31" valueMin="1982-12-13">13-31.xii.1982</collectingDate>
</date>
North. Dombeyi with Chusquea
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBC2E3AFCBE11B4FD2CF062" blockId="29.[809,1461,144,1985]" lastBlockId="30.[128,780,155,368]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
A. Newton and M. Ŋayer/window trap/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FB6411B4FA63F1DB" authority="Sp." authorityName="Sp." box="[1264,1434,144,168]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Loncovilius Sp.</taxonomicName>
5 Solodovnikov det. 2002/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FBA21194FA78F1B4" authority="J. Jenkins Shaw" authorityName="J. Jenkins Shaw" box="[1078,1409,175,199]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cantharoides">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FBA21194FBBCF1B4" box="[1078,1093,176,199]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FBC2118BFB28F1B4" box="[1110,1233,175,199]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">cantharoides</emphasis>
J. Jenkins Shaw
</taxonomicName>
det. 2016/NHMD 916904/
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBC2E39FBB711EBFB48F194" box="[1059,1201,207,231]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FB2A11EBFA4AF194" box="[1214,1459,207,231]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cantharoides">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FB2A11EBFA4AF194" box="[1214,1459,207,231]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Loncovilius cantharoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022. Deposited at FMNM.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FBCC102AFB47F056" box="[1112,1214,270,293]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBC2E39FBCC102AFB43F056" box="[1112,1210,270,293]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FB531029FAE3F056" box="[1223,1306,269,293]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: Malleco Prov.
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FCBE1008FC8BF036" box="[810,882,300,325]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="6.5">6.5 km</quantity>
E Malalcahuello [-38.46, -71.51],
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FB431009FAD8F036" box="[1239,1313,301,325]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1080.0">1080m</quantity>
, trap site 651,
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FCB81068FC39F017" box="[812,960,332,356]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1982-12-13" valueMax="1982-12-31" valueMin="1982-12-13">13-31.xii.1982</date>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FC461068FB83F017" box="[978,1146,332,356]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="dombeyi">Noth. dombeyi</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FB011068FA90F017" box="[1173,1385,332,356]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dombeyi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FB011068FA90F017" box="[1173,1385,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nothofagus dombeyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] with Chusquea A.Newton and M.Ŋayer/window trap/FMNH-INS 0000 023 458–463, 465–466, 467–471, 472–474, 476–477, 478, 481, 484–485 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FB86108EFBB0F0B2" box="[1042,1097,426,450]" count="13" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">13♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FBCC108EFB86F0B2" box="[1112,1151,426,450]" count="9" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">9♀</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FB68108EFAB6F0B1" box="[1276,1359,426,450]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: Malleco Prov.,
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FCF810EDFC56F092" box="[876,943,457,481]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
W [
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FC4B10EDFBDFF092" box="[991,1062,457,481]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
E] Curacautin [-38.44, -71.50],
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FAEB10EDFCB9F373" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FCCD10CDFC2CF372" box="[857,981,489,513]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1984-12-12">12.XII.1984</date>
-
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FB9310CCFB97F373" box="[1031,1134,488,512]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1985-02-16">16.II.1985</date>
/FMHD#85-905,
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FAAF10CDFA4AF373" box="[1339,1459,489,513]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FAAF10CDFA52F372" box="[1339,1451,489,513]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Nothofagus</taxonomicName>
-
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FCBE132CFBFCF353" authority=", S. Peck, P" authorityName="S. Peck, P" box="[810,1029,520,544]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FCBE132CFC75F36C" box="[810,908,520,543]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Araucaria</emphasis>
, S. Peck, P
</taxonomicName>
#85-19, Malaise FIELD MUSEUM NAT HIST/FMNH-INS 0000 023 490–532, 602–613 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FAAA1303FA8CF34D" box="[1342,1397,551,575]" count="35" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">35♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FAEB1303FA4AF34D" box="[1407,1459,551,575]" count="24" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">24♀</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FC1A1363FC18F32C" box="[910,993,583,607]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: Malleco Prov.
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FBE31363FB4FF32C" box="[1143,1206,583,607]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
E Malalcahuello [-38.43, -71.48]
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FC141342FC33F30D" box="[896,970,614,638]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5699999999999998" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1570.0">1570m</quantity>
, trap site 649,
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FBE71342FAFEF30D" box="[1139,1287,614,638]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1982-12-13" valueMax="1982-12-31" valueMin="1982-12-13">13-31.xii.1982</date>
Noth. pumilio-
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FCBE13A1FC75F3EE" box="[810,908,645,669]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Araucaria</taxonomicName>
f. [
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FC2D13A1FB10F3EE" box="[953,1257,645,669]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FC2D13A1FB87F3EE" box="[953,1150,645,669]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumilio">Nothofagus pumilio</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FB1313A2FB10F3EE" box="[1159,1257,646,669]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Araucaria</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
forest], A.Newton and M.Ŋayer/window trap 649/FMNH-INS 0000 023 475, 478, 480, 482, 486–489 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FBA313E0FB99F3A8" box="[1079,1120,708,732]" count="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FBFD13E0FB69F3A8" box="[1129,1168,708,732]" count="5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FA9613E0FAACF3AF" box="[1282,1365,708,732]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: Malleco Prov.
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FCF313C7FC5BF388" box="[871,930,739,763]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="12.0">12km</quantity>
E Malacahuello [-38.43, -71.49]
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FA9213C7FAA9F388" box="[1286,1360,739,763]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1350.0">1350m</quantity>
, trap site 650
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FCCD1227FC14F268" box="[857,1005,771,795]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1982-12-13" valueMax="1982-12-31" valueMin="1982-12-13">13-31.xii.1982</date>
Noth. dombeyi-Araucaria f. A.Newton and M.Ŋayer/carrion trap (squid)/
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FB1F1201FB5CF24A" box="[1163,1189,805,825]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
/FMNH-INS 0000 023 595 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FCF11265FC74F22B" box="[869,909,833,857]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FB951265FBA8F22A" box="[1025,1105,833,857]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
, MallecoProv.
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FB7A1265FAD3F22A" box="[1262,1322,833,857]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="20.0">20km</quantity>
E Manzanar [-38.44, -71.51]
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FC4D1245FBD8F20A" box="[985,1057,865,889]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100m</quantity>
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FBBE1245FB46F20A" box="[1066,1215,865,889]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1976-12-19" valueMax="1976-12-21" valueMin="1976-12-19">19-21.xii.1976</date>
H.F.Howden/Beating/ CNCI L2004-28/
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FC7812A7FBFFF2E4" box="[1004,1030,899,919]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
/FMNH-INS 0000 023 593-594 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FA1D12A4FA4AF2E4" box="[1417,1459,896,920]" count="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
CNC];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FCE812BBFC36F2C4" box="[892,975,927,951]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: Malleco: Las Raices (W of) [-38.54, -71.45],
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FCBE129BFC30F2A4" box="[810,969,959,983]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1976-12-21" valueMax="1976-12-22" valueMin="1976-12-21">21-22.XII.1976</date>
L.E.Peña leg. FIELD MUSE. NAT. HIST./ FMNH-INS 0000 023 596 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FBDD12FAFB8BF286" box="[1097,1138,990,1014]" count="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
FMNH]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FB7012FAFAC3F285" box="[1252,1338,990,1014]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FAD612FAFA54F285" box="[1346,1453,990,1014]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
] Rio Blanco Malleco Prov. [-39.10, -71.61]/I-27-59 Pena/ CNC 928331-928333 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FBB01539FBB2F547" box="[1060,1099,1053,1077]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FBC11539FB85F547" box="[1109,1148,1053,1077]" count="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
CNC]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FB741539FACFF546" box="[1248,1334,1053,1077]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FAD61539FA54F546" box="[1346,1453,1053,1077]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
] Cabrerias 1100 metro Cord. Nahuelbuta [-37.71, -73.03]
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FCBE157FFC76F500" box="[810,911,1115,1139]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1977-01-18">18.I.1977</date>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FC0D157FFBC0F500" authority="sp." authorityName="Sp." box="[921,1081,1115,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FC0D157FFBFEF500" box="[921,1031,1115,1139]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Loncovilius</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
det. Newton 2000/
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FAA2157AFAA9F501" box="[1334,1360,1118,1138]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
/FMNH-INS 0000 023 577 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FB9E155FFBC8F5E1" box="[1034,1073,1147,1171]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FBA8155FFB9AF5E1" box="[1084,1123,1147,1171]" count="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FB4C155FFAD2F5E0" box="[1240,1323,1147,1171]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: [
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FAAA155FFA54F5E0" box="[1342,1453,1147,1171]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
] Malleco: Cord. Nahuelbuta, Cabreria [-37.71, -73.03]
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FAF115BEFA56F5C1" box="[1381,1455,1178,1202]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FCBE159DFC5EF5A2" box="[810,935,1209,1233]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1976-12-14">14.XII.1976</date>
L.E.Peña leg. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST./FMNH-INS 0000 023 585-590, 592, 600 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FB3C15FDFB2BF583" box="[1192,1234,1241,1265]" count="6" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">6♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FB4915FDFAFDF583" box="[1245,1284,1241,1265]" count="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FAEF15FDFA4AF582" box="[1403,1459,1241,1265]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Chile</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FCA415DCFC64F463" box="[816,925,1272,1296]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
, Curacautín]: P.N.Lonquimay,
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FAB815DCFA57F463" box="[1324,1454,1272,1296]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2013-12-23">23/12/2013</date>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FCBE1433FC80F45C" box="[810,889,1303,1327]" degrees="38.44" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="555" value="-38.44">38.44°S</geoCoordinate>
–
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FC131433FC18F45C" box="[903,993,1303,1327]" degrees="71.51" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="555" value="-71.51">71.51°W</geoCoordinate>
[
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FC781433FBB7F45C" box="[1004,1102,1303,1327]" degrees="38.4400" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="-38.44">-38.4400</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FBC31433FB40F45C" box="[1111,1209,1303,1327]" degrees="71.5100" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="-71.51">-71.5100</geoCoordinate>
], liưer layer small stream [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FCA01413FCA5F43D" box="[820,860,1335,1359]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
TSC];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FC251413FC10F43C" box="[945,1001,1335,1359]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Chile</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FC6D1413FB9FF43C" box="[1017,1126,1335,1359]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
, Pucón]: Palguin,
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FAB81412FA56F43D" box="[1324,1455,1334,1358]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2013-12-05">05/12/2013</date>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FCBE1472FC8EF41D" box="[810,887,1366,1390]" degrees="39.43" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="555" value="-39.43">39.43°S</geoCoordinate>
–
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FC111472FC18F41D" box="[901,993,1366,1390]" degrees="71.79" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="555" value="-71.79">71.79°W</geoCoordinate>
[
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FC7B1472FBA8F41D" box="[1007,1105,1366,1390]" degrees="39.4300" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="-39.43">-39.4300</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FBC81472FB47F41D" box="[1116,1214,1366,1390]" degrees="71.7900" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="-71.79">-71.7900</geoCoordinate>
], liưer layer/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FAD11472FA4AF41D" authorityName="Reyes-Hernández &amp; Hansen &amp; Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov" authorityYear="2024" box="[1349,1459,1366,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FAD11472FA4AF41D" box="[1349,1459,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Loncovilius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFFBC2E39FCBE1452FC9DF4FE" box="[810,868,1398,1421]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
[
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FCEC1451FC59F4FF" box="[888,928,1397,1421]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FC3F1451FC2BF4FF" box="[939,978,1397,1421]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
TSC]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FBBB1451FB7CF4FE" box="[1071,1157,1397,1421]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FB071451FB05F4FE" box="[1171,1276,1397,1421]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
, Melipeuco]
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FA18145CFA5FF4FF" box="[1420,1446,1400,1420]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FCBE14B1FC9DF4DE" box="[810,868,1429,1453]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Chile</collectingCountry>
, La
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FC0C14B1FC06F4DE" box="[920,1023,1429,1453]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Araucania</collectingRegion>
(IX Región),
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FB0A14B0FB1DF4DE" box="[1182,1252,1428,1453]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="85.0">85 km</quantity>
E Temuco,
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FAF914B1FA4AF4DE" box="[1389,1459,1429,1453]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="26.0">26 km</quantity>
NNE Melipeuco, Parque Nacional Corguillío, NE coast of Laguna Conguillío,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FB9914F7FB85F498" box="[1037,1148,1490,1515]" degrees="38" direction="south" minutes="38.24" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="9" value="-38.637333">
38°38.24
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FBFC14F6FB97F498" box="[1128,1134,1490,1515]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ʹ</emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
, W
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FB2814F7FACFF498" box="[1212,1334,1490,1515]" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="36.74" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="9" value="-71.612335">
71°36.74
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FA8C14F6FAE7F498" box="[1304,1310,1490,1515]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ʹ</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
[
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FAD914F7FA56F498" box="[1357,1455,1491,1515]" degrees="38.6291" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="-38.6291">-38.6291</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FCBE14D7FC75F778" box="[810,908,1523,1547]" degrees="71.6203" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="-71.6203">-71.6203</geoCoordinate>
],
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FC3714D7FC03F779" box="[931,1018,1523,1547]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
V.I.Gusarov
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FB1814D7FB17F778" box="[1164,1262,1523,1547]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1999-12-09">9.xii.1999</date>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FB6214D7FA5BF779" authority="sp." authorityName="Sp." box="[1270,1442,1523,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Loncovilius
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFFBC2E39FA1114D7FA5BF779" box="[1413,1442,1523,1546]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
n. A.Solodovnikov det. 2004 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FBF61736FB73F75A" box="[1122,1162,1554,1578]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
NHMO];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FA9A1736FA98F759" box="[1294,1377,1554,1578]" name="Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: Nuble [Ñuble] Prov.,
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FC5D1715FBF5F73A" box="[969,1036,1585,1609]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="72.0">72 km</quantity>
SE Chillan, Trancas nr Termas [-36.90, -71.44],
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FC0E1775FC1DF71A" box="[922,996,1617,1641]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FB931774FB81F71B" box="[1031,1144,1616,1640]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1984-12-06">6.XII.1984</date>
-
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FB141774FB1FF71B" box="[1152,1254,1616,1640]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1985-02-19">19.II.1985</date>
/FMNHD#85-893,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FCBE1754FC5AF7FB" box="[810,931,1648,1672]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Nothofagus</taxonomicName>
forest, S.Peck, P#85-8 FIT FIELD MUSEUM NAT HIST/FMNH-INS 0000 023 578–584 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FB7317ABFAE9F7D5" box="[1255,1296,1679,1703]" count="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FA8A17ABFABCF7D5" box="[1310,1349,1679,1703]" count="4" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
FMNH];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FCBE178BFC3DF7B4" box="[810,964,1711,1735]" name="Argentina" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FC5B178BFBC4F7B4" box="[975,1085,1711,1735]" country="Argentina" name="Rio Negro" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Rio Negro</collectingRegion>
8: Lago Nahuel Huapi Puerto Blest [-41.02, -71.81],
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FC7117EAFBD5F796" box="[997,1068,1742,1766]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="770.0">770 m</quantity>
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FBA317EAFB65F795" box="[1079,1180,1742,1766]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1978-12-04">4.xii.1978</date>
Mision Cientifica Danesa [pale orange label
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FC6917C9FBDDF677" box="[1021,1060,1773,1797]" count="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FBA517C9FBA1F677" box="[1073,1112,1773,1797]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHMD;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FB5A17C9FB0CF677" box="[1230,1269,1773,1797]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FA9717C9FAD3F677" box="[1283,1322,1773,1797]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
MNNC ex. NHMD;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FC191629FC4DF657" box="[909,948,1805,1829]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FC281629FC1AF657" box="[956,995,1805,1829]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
CZUG ex. NHMD]; [
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FB471629FA8DF656" box="[1235,1396,1805,1829]" name="Argentina" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
: same locality, only the date different (
<date id="FFC61025FFBC2E39FBE01608FB14F637" box="[1140,1261,1836,1860]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1978-12-16">16.xii.1978</date>
)
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FB681608FADAF630" box="[1276,1315,1836,1860]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FABE1608FAA8F630" box="[1322,1361,1836,1860]" count="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
NHMD;
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FCB8166FFCA8F611" box="[812,849,1867,1891]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FCCB166FFC7FF611" box="[863,902,1867,1891]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHM ex. NHMD];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FBEB166FFB1EF610" box="[1151,1255,1867,1891]" name="Argentina" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Argentina</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBC2E39FB6C166FFA49F610" box="[1272,1456,1867,1892]" country="Argentina" name="Rio Negro" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Rio Negro Prov.</collectingRegion>
, Bariloche forest,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBC2E39FC7F164FFB9DF6F0" box="[1003,1124,1899,1923]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Nothofagus</taxonomicName>
antartica, unburnt,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FAD8164FFA4AF6F0" box="[1356,1459,1897,1923]" degrees="41" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="15" seconds="9" value="-41.352497">
41°21
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FA1C164DFA77F6F1" box="[1416,1422,1897,1922]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ʹ</emphasis>
9
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FA0E164DFA5CF6F1" box="[1434,1445,1897,1922]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ʹʹ</emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FCBE16AEFC28F6D2" box="[810,977,1928,1954]" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="1" seconds="34.5" value="-71.62625">
71°37
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FCF216ACFC95F6D2" box="[870,876,1928,1953]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ʹ</emphasis>
34.5
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBC2E39FC0D16ACFC5DF6D2" box="[921,932,1928,1953]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ʹʹ</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FC7B16AEFB92F6D1" box="[1007,1131,1930,1954]" degrees="41.352500" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="1" value="-41.3525">-41.352500</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C5022FFBC2E39FB1016AEFB06F6D1" box="[1156,1279,1930,1954]" degrees="71.626250" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="1" value="-71.62625">-71.626250</geoCoordinate>
] 823 ±
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBC2E39FAC916AEFA56F6D2" box="[1373,1455,1930,1954]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
, ABCONF
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBC2E39FC03168DFC37F6B2" box="[919,974,1961,1985]" count="17" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">17 P.</specimenCount>
Sackmann/
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBC2E39FBD6168DFB52F6B2" box="[1090,1195,1961,1985]" name="Argentina" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, Patagonia ABCONF17 Paula Sackmann leg./
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFECE11BFFE02F1C0" authority="sp." authorityName="Sp." box="[346,507,155,179]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Loncovilius sp.</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBF2E3AFD9711BBFDE4F1C0" box="[515,541,159,179]" count="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
V.I. Gusarov det. 2002 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBF2E3AFF1F119FFF4BF1A1" box="[139,178,187,211]" count="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
NHMO];
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBF2E3AFEB3119FFE38F1A0" box="[295,449,187,211]" name="Argentina" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBF2E3AFE58119FFDC9F1A0" box="[460,560,187,211]" country="Argentina" name="Neuquen" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Neuquén</collectingRegion>
: Cerro Malo,
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBF2E3AFD54119FFD17F1A0" box="[704,750,187,211]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="km" value="6.0">6km</quantity>
N Pucara,
<date id="FFC61025FFBF2E3AFF4711FFFEAFF181" box="[211,342,218,242]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="1972-01-22">Jan. 22, 1972</date>
L.Herman 874/AMNH 1489 [pale orange label]/FMNH-INS 0000 023 597–599 [
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBF2E3AFD8811DEFDBDF062" box="[540,580,250,274]" count="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBF2E3AFDDD11DEFD89F062" box="[585,624,250,274]" count="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
FMNH].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFF08103DFF42F003" blockId="30.[128,780,155,368]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
All
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBF2E3AFF2B103DFEDBF042" box="[191,290,281,305]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
with label: PAÞTYPE
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFD88103DFCF3F042" box="[540,778,281,305]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cantharoides">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFD88103DFCF3F042" box="[540,778,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Loncovilius cantharoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFF1510B6FD71F355" blockId="30.[128,778,401,550]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFF1510B6FF1EF0DA" box="[129,231,402,425]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Nuchal ridge with small portion absent dorsally. Pronotum outline evenly curved. Elytra yellow or yellowish-brown with brown-black mark around mesoscutellum and suture. Protibiae sexually dimorphic, with laterodorsal row of thick spines only females. Aedeagus as in
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBF2E3AFE7F132AFD7BF355" box="[491,642,526,550]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figure 10O–Q</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFF15136CFE0CF38F" blockId="30.[128,780,583,1986]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFF15136CFF0EF32C" box="[129,247,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Description:</emphasis>
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBF2E3AFE3C136FFE3BF32C" box="[424,450,587,607]" count="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFD2E136CFD34F32C" box="[698,717,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">N</emphasis>
= 5]: FBL = 3.98–4.34 (4.22); TL = 7.18–8.4 (7.59); HW = 0.93– 1.08 (1); HL = 1.03–1.23 (1.16); HW/HL = 0.88–0.91 (0.89); PW = 1.28–1.36 (1.32); PL = 1.25–1.36 (1.31); PW/ PL = 1–1.04 (1.02); EW = 1.74–1.92 (1.84); EL = 1.59–1.81 (1.7); PW/HW = 1.26–1.28 (1.27).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFF081220FE86F2CB" blockId="30.[128,780,583,1986]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBF2E3AFEA31223FEA8F268" box="[311,337,775,795]" count="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFDA51220FDBDF268" box="[561,580,772,795]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">N</emphasis>
= 5]: FBL = 4.43– 4.67 (4.55); TL = 8.13–8.47 (8.3); HW = 1.18–1.22 (1.20); HL = 1.25–1.33 (1.29); HW/HL = 0.92–0.94 (0.93); PW = 1.44–1.49 (1.47);PL = 1.4–1.44 (1.42);PW/PL = 1.03– 1.03 (1.03); EW = 2–2.1 (2.05); EL = 1.78–1.9 (1.84); PW/ HW = 4.43–4.67 (4.55).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFF08129BFD13F526" blockId="30.[128,780,583,1986]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Head and pronotum brown-black with slight greenish, bluish, or golden overtones, with yellow margins; antennae, mouthparts, and legs yellow or yellowish-brown; elytra yellow with brown-black mark around mesoscutellum and suture; tergites and sternites dark reddish-brown with pale posterior margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFF081578FD9EF617" blockId="30.[128,780,583,1986]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Head elongate; dorsally and ventrally dull with metallic iridescence; with micropunctures and microsculpture of transverse isodiametric meshes, without coarse non-setiferous punctures; posterior angles indistinct with several setiferous punctures of medium and small size. Eyes small (EYL/ HL = x = 0.44), from 1.05 to 1.11 times as long as temples (in lateral view); distance between eyes about 1.24 times as long as length of eye in both sexes. Antennomere 3 moderately longer than antennomere 2; antennomeres 4 and 5 subequal in length; antennomeres 8 to 10 subequal in length; a11 from 1.52 to 1.7 times long as a
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBF2E3AFE1E14B2FE45F4DE" box="[394,444,1429,1454]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
males and from
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBF2E3AFDF114B2FD13F4DE" box="[613,746,1429,1454]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6576" metricValueMax="3.7592" metricValueMin="3.5559999999999996" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="in" value="1.44" valueMax="1.48" valueMin="1.4">1.4 to 1.48 in</quantity>
females. Basal and parocular punctures usually double; posterior frontal puncture located anterior to temporal puncture; with small setiferous punctures between frontoclypeal and anterior frontal punctures: ventral basal ridge in checkmark shape, almost united with gular sutures; postgenal ridge reduced; postmandibular ridge reaching close to eye margin; PMP greatly reduced; nuchal ridge present laterally and a liưle dorsally, not fused with infraorbital ridge; gula with conspicuous isodiametric microsculpture medially, gular sutures widely and equally separated in both sexes. Mandibles without dorsolateral groove; labrum with trapezoidal sclerotized region and entire apical margin; mentum with seta alpha only; penultimate labial palpomere only weakly dilated apicad, subequal in width with more or less subconical apical palpomere.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFF081648FADFF194" blockId="30.[128,780,583,1986]" lastBlockId="30.[824,1475,144,1046]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pronotum about as wide as long, convex, evenly curved, with two PPDS, without APP, without SLSP; flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension (process) not interrupted by inferior line. Elytra evenly punctate, interspaces from about as long as, to four or five times as long as, diameter of punctures. Mesosternum with four macrosetae arranged in a row medially.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFCC111CAFC6AF092" blockId="30.[824,1475,144,1046]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Protibiae sexually dimorphic, with laterodorsal row of thick spines only females. In males, mesotarsomeres 1–4 with pale adhesive setae, mesotarsomeres 1–3 with terminal plate. In females, mesotarsomeres 1–4 with pale adhesive setae, without terminal plate. In both sexes, metatarsomeres 2–4 with pale adhesive setae, without terminal plate; metatarsomere 1 shorter than 5, metatarsomere 4 ventrally with apical margin bilobed.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFCC110CDFBF7F22A" blockId="30.[824,1475,144,1046]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Abdominal tergites III and IV with only a few rows of coarse, sparse punctures, with large, impunctate area; tergite VIII not emarginate medio-apically. Sternite III with basal transverse carina evenly converging at obtuse angle; lateral tergal sclerites IX not dorsoventrally or laterally flaưened. Male sternite VIII with U-shaped emargination medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBF2E3AFB0013A1FB1FF3EE" box="[1172,1254,645,669]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 14F</figureCitation>
); female sternite VIII without emargination; male sternite IX without emargination medially, with rounded apex, its basal portion shorter than distal portion; male tergite X with anterior margin subtruncate (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBF2E3AFA0813C7FC98F268" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 12F</figureCitation>
); female tergite X medio-apically distinctly subacute to acute (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBF2E3AFC171206FC23F249" box="[899,986,802,826]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 13F</figureCitation>
); ovipositor, its second gonocoxite with three macrosetae medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFCC11245FA3AF566" blockId="30.[824,1475,144,1046]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Aedeagus as in
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBF2E3AFC6B1245FB64F20A" box="[1023,1181,865,889]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figure 10O–Q</figureCitation>
; its total length 1.25–1.31. Median lobe rod-like; internal sac with pair of long inverted L-shaped copulatory sclerites. Paramere distinctly produced over apex of median lobe; wider than median lobe; converging to a subrectangular apex; with small translucent peg setae; in lateral view almost straight, curved away from median lobe apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFCAD1513FC47F5DE" blockId="30.[825,1474,1079,1197]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFCAD1513FC51F53C" box="[825,936,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Etymology:</emphasis>
Ŋe species epithet is derived from the Greek κανθαΡίς (
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFC3C1572FBFDF51D" box="[936,1028,1110,1134]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">kantharís</emphasis>
; soldier beetles) and suffix -ειδής (
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFA101572FA43F51D" box="[1412,1466,1106,1134]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
-eid
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFA3C1576FA4AF51D" bold="true" box="[1448,1459,1106,1134]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">ḗ</emphasis>
s
</emphasis>
; like), as the habitus resembles some species of the beetle family
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFCAE15B1FC43F5DE" authorityName="Imhoff" authorityYear="1856" box="[826,954,1173,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Cantharidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cantharidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFCAD15EAFAFCF4B2" blockId="30.[825,1477,1230,1473]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFCAD15EAFAD1F595" box="[825,1320,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Distribution and habitat:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFBAC15EAFAD1F595" box="[1080,1320,1230,1254]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cantharoides">Loncovilius cantharoides</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known from
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBF2E3AFCAF15C9FC8CF476" box="[827,885,1261,1285]" name="Chile" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Chile</collectingCountry>
, from the
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBF2E3AFC4C15C9FBC6F476" box="[984,1087,1261,1285]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
and Ñuble regions, and from the westernmost portions of the
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBF2E3AFBAE1429FB63F456" box="[1082,1178,1293,1317]" country="Argentina" name="Neuquen" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Neuquén</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBF2E3AFB5A1429FAC5F456" box="[1230,1340,1293,1317]" country="Argentina" name="Rio Negro" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Río Negro</collectingRegion>
provinces of
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBF2E3AFCA81408FC5DF437" box="[828,932,1324,1348]" name="Argentina" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Argentina</collectingCountry>
. Ŋe species occurs from
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBF2E3AFB3D1408FAB9F430" box="[1193,1344,1324,1348]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="1200.0" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="800.0">800 to 1600 m</quantity>
of elevation; reported in the
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFC711468FB46F410" box="[997,1215,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFC711468FBBEF410" box="[997,1095,1356,1379]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Araucaria</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFBDB146FFB46F410" box="[1103,1215,1355,1379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Nothofagus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
forests from the central and north-central portions of the Valdivian temperate forest ecoregion. It has been collected using Malaise, window, carrion and dung-baited pitfall traps, and sissing leaf liưer.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

318
data/03/D1/87/03D187F3FFBF2E04FC2414C0FE3AF0F0.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
<document id="07A02B012F9EA348920C450D4EDE557C" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad143" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14541979" ID-ZooBank="CE2383A-68A1-40A0-8F48-1271F96F86F1Corresponding" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1732839935034" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Reyes-Hernández, José L., Hansen, Aslak Kappel, Shaw, Josh Jenkins &amp; Solodovnikov, Alexey" docDate="2024" docId="03D187F3FFBF2E04FC2414C0FE3AF0F0" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad143.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 202 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad143" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.9:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Loncovilius edwardsianus" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FFE8FF8BFFA12E24FF941124FFF9F173" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny-based taxonomic revision and niche modelling of the rove beetle genus Loncovilius Germain, 1903 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1734824012822" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D6746908F14BBFA6184788E1C2760BB3">Phylogeny-based taxonomic revision and niche modelling of the rove beetle genus Loncovilius Germain, 1903 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BF9E0806CBA1C3B3DA7DE5FA6F9A1531">Reyes-Hernández, José L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="279FF188789C10A5500217CD90DC5550">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4EBB65B08033D26E95B47AC5AE0986C3" type="email">jl.reyeshdez@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7F1BFE1F7A9D68FECC2D93FD971A47B1">Hansen, Aslak Kappel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FDF655A9104A6B9C5E50BC784BD453FB">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark &amp; Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="644D967CD6C562E0FBB3342BFE57557D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="00B8908DAA3A9A00BCDDC86C4464FCAE">
<mods:roleTerm id="4334B021C7EC2B4F9B5BFFB11E85F146">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2638F8BDA91C590E7F2564E1363EEE79">Shaw, Josh Jenkins</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="037494C82E64A14CD978935475708705">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C3D7F4A15F904D93C5EAA0E539134573" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DEDA4737C223C09432DB06C0C394325D">
<mods:roleTerm id="69418D688F242D22E27DD4D8FD9487A3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="87BFA8BADEDEB3112E25CF3305D07CCF">Solodovnikov, Alexey</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F6378D3237A317DF55910F6F8B6BA624">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="F87C2D4ECACD7231CC5BE8266FED5508">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="34D03381690694FF87C0A6DB6917AC37">
<mods:title id="A88971B5C47A78155535E96F7B4CDCA2">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="865A550688862818F9F0DDEACB336689">
<mods:date id="651CEE152B33110A44324F9376E97062">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="FD0D450140DDAC7B824135BDE6178BA6" type="series">
<mods:title id="3AD83296353090F98189840D65B80444">Zool. J. Linn. Soc.</mods:title>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3CB010FE0D789A1E8568DF0107AEE44F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="FCC14C2E37C473B1B9F737903FC301D2">2023-10-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E058D9A5989703621F60040F89F5720B" type="volume">
<mods:number id="1F7D463CBF3A46032A9CA7D840322A8C">202</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:number id="12B73A22311E3CD1012F28DB2A03DF13">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FF0EC318D0A7ED7464ECA1736D25C8E7">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="C5E9F6DE15873C7426B7463BBD51FC0F">42</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="117F4B37F649246DE14AC0730CFBB3BC">
<mods:url id="BA1ECA4F2878672E0B06ED42C043B201">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad143</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="BD56E6AC8B6517752B78EF3D6941A362">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A5092D96EF578E16AEA2723D1FE21C84" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad143</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9DA6B22D1B276FD77B9D46C44A547342" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D5F95FD3DD083EAFDE24A22C6CCCBD64" type="Zenodo-Dep">14541979</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D187F3FFBF2E04FC2414C0FE3AF0F0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187F3FFBF2E04FC2414C0FE3AF0F0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D187F3FFBF2E04FC2414C0FE3AF0F0" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<subSubSection id="C362656EFFBF2E3AFC2414C0FAB5F48D" box="[944,1356,1508,1535]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFC2414C0FAB5F48D" blockId="30.[944,1356,1508,1535]" box="[944,1356,1508,1535]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="D08F8189FFBF2E3AFC2414C0FAB5F48D" bold="true" box="[944,1356,1508,1535]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFC2414C0FAB5F48D" ID-CoL="3VYHP" authority="(Korge, 1963)" baseAuthorityName="Korge" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[944,1356,1508,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFC2414C0FAB5F48D" bold="true" box="[944,1356,1508,1535]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFC2414C0FB56F48C" bold="true" box="[944,1199,1508,1535]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Loncovilius edwardsianus</emphasis>
(Korge, 1963)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C362656EFFBF2E04FC29173AFE3AF0F0" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFC29173AFAC6F74B" blockId="30.[957,1343,1566,1592]" box="[957,1343,1566,1592]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFC29173AFAC6F74B" bold="true" box="[957,1343,1566,1592]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
(
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBF2E3AFC53173AFBEFF74B" box="[967,1046,1566,1592]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[152,1420,144,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-6@1.[152,1420,144,1842]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitats of Loncovilius. A, L. edwardsianus (Korge, 1963) live specimen in the Valdivian Temperate Rainforest in Chiloé, Los Lagos, Chile (Photograph: Matías Gargiulo, through iNaturalist). B, PN Puyehue, Chile, L. lividipennis was collected in mosses on the stones at river banks and under stones in accumulations along banks (photograph: Martin Fikáček). C, L. variabilis sp. nov. found in a flower of the Chiloé archipelago (photograph:Matías Gargiulo, through iNaturalist)." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBF2E3AFBB4173AFBB9F74B" box="[1056,1088,1566,1592]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Loncovilius species. A, male of L. edwardsianus. B, male of L. cantharoides. C, female of L. semiflavus. D, male of L. barclayi." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBF2E3AFBDE173AFB6EF74B" box="[1098,1175,1566,1592]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">10L–N</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBF2E3AFB35173AFB35F74B" box="[1185,1228,1566,1592]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">12E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBF2E3AFB42173AFAF8F74B" box="[1238,1281,1566,1592]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">13E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBF2E3AFA9E173AFACDF74B" box="[1290,1332,1566,1592]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">14E</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFCAD177CFC40F7FC" blockId="30.[825,1475,1623,1898]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
=
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFCDC1773FB26F71C" authority="(Bernhauer, 1935)" baseAuthorityName="Bernhauer" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[840,1247,1623,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFCDC1773FBEDF71C" box="[840,1044,1623,1647]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Loncovilius edwardsi</emphasis>
(Bernhauer, 1935)
</taxonomicName>
nec
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFA871773FC4CF7FC" authority="Sharp, 1886" authorityName="Bernh. Nec Sharp" authorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFA871773FA3BF71C" box="[1299,1474,1623,1647]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Quedius edwardsi</emphasis>
Sharp, 1886
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3AFCC117B2FBD1F619" blockId="30.[825,1475,1623,1898]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Bernhauer, 1935: 92 (as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFBCF17B2FAF3F7DD" authorityName="Bernh. Nec Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[1115,1290,1686,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFBCF17B2FAF3F7DD" box="[1115,1290,1686,1710]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Quedius edwardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, original description); Korge, 1963 (as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFBDF1791FAD7F7BE" authorityName="Korge" authorityYear="1963" box="[1099,1326,1717,1741]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFBDF1791FAD7F7BE" box="[1099,1326,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Quedius edwardsianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, replacement name); Coiffait and Sáiz 1966: 413 (
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFB4817F1FA45F79E" authorityName="Korge" authorityYear="1963" box="[1244,1468,1749,1773]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFB4817F1FA45F79E" box="[1244,1468,1749,1773]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Quedius edwardsianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, redescription without new material or data); Coiffait and Sáiz, 1968: 365 (listed as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFB851637FB14F658" authorityName="Korge" authorityYear="1963" box="[1041,1261,1811,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFB851637FB14F658" box="[1041,1261,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Quedius edwardsianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, without new data); Newton 2017: 28 (as
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFBA41617FAD4F638" baseAuthorityName="Korge" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[1072,1325,1843,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFBA41617FAD4F638" box="[1072,1325,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Loncovilius edwardsianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, moved from
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFCAD1676FC70F619" box="[825,905,1874,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFCAD1676FC70F619" box="[825,905,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Quedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBF2E3AFC3D1676FBEEF619" box="[937,1047,1874,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFC3D1676FBEEF619" box="[937,1047,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Loncovilius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBF2E3BFCAD16A8FE87F30E" blockId="30.[825,1474,1931,1987]" lastBlockId="31.[113,763,144,638]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBF2E3AFCAD16A8FBB9F6D0" box="[825,1088,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Type material.
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBF2E3AFC4816A8FBC2F6D0" box="[988,1083,1932,1955]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
(here designated): male, pinned, with genitalia in a separate microvial, with labels as follows: S.
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBE2E3BFFE511B4FF57F1DB" box="[113,174,144,168]" name="Chile" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chile</collectingCountry>
: Llanquihue prov. F. and M. Edwards. B.M. 1927–63/ Casa Pangue [-41.04, -71.87]
<date id="FFC61025FFBE2E3BFE55118BFDBFF1B4" box="[449,582,175,199]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1926-12-04" valueMax="1926-12-10" valueMin="1926-12-04">4-10.xii.1926</date>
./Bernhauer det. [unreadable]/Chicago NHM M. Bernhauer collection/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFFE511CAFE9EF075" authority="Brh." authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="2024" box="[113,359,238,262]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi" status="sp. nov.">Quedius edwardsi Brh.</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFFBE2E3BFEE411CAFE51F075" box="[368,424,238,262]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFE2411CAFD72F075" authority="Bernhauer" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="2024" box="[432,651,238,262]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi">Edwardsi Bernhauer</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFD0211CAFD0BF075" box="[662,754,238,262]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quedius</taxonomicName>
/
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBE2E3BFFE51029FEFCF056" box="[113,261,269,293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFE811029FD3AF056" authority="(Korge, 1963)" baseAuthorityName="Korge" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[277,707,269,293]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFE811029FDEFF056" box="[277,534,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Loncovilius edwardsianus</emphasis>
(Korge, 1963)
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2022. Deposited at FMNH.
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFEC61068FE25F017" box="[338,476,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBE2E3BFEC61068FE2EF017" box="[338,471,332,356]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
male, pinned, with genitalia aưached to the card, with labels as follows: S.
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBE2E3BFDAB104FFD85F0F0" box="[575,636,363,387]" name="Chile" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chile</collectingCountry>
: Llanquihue prov. F. and M. Edwards. B. M. 1927–63/Casa Pangue [-41.04, -71.87]
<date id="FFC61025FFBE2E3BFF43108EFEA6F0B1" box="[215,351,426,450]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1926-12-04" valueMax="1926-12-10" valueMin="1926-12-04">4-10.xii.1926</date>
./
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFEFF108EFE30F0B1" box="[363,457,426,450]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quedius</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFE74108EFD77F0B1" authority="Bernh" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="2024" box="[480,654,426,450]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFE74108EFDCFF0B1" box="[480,566,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">edwardsi</emphasis>
Bernh
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F578CFFBE2E3BFD33108EFD08F0B1" box="[679,753,426,450]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
/
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBE2E3BFFE510EDFEFCF092" box="[113,261,457,481]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
C.E.Toưenham of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFE5110EDFD0BF092" authority="Bernh. Nec Sharp" authorityName="Bernh. Nec Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[453,754,457,481]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi">Q.edwardsi Bernh.Nec Sharp</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFFE510CDFF30F372" box="[113,201,489,513]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quedius</taxonomicName>
ultor n. n. Toưenham/edwardsi repl. By
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFDE410CDFE6DF353" authority="Korge 1963 M. K. Nayer" authorityName="Korge" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">edwardsianus Korge 1963 M. K. Ŋayer</taxonomicName>
det. 2005/NHMUK015024785/ PAÞLECTOTYPE
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFEC71303FD03F34C" authority="(Korge, 1963)" baseAuthorityName="Korge" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[339,762,551,575]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFEC71303FDA8F34C" box="[339,593,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Loncovilius edwardsianus</emphasis>
(Korge, 1963)
</taxonomicName>
des. Reyes-Hernández, Hansen, Jenkins Shaw et Solodovnikov 2023. Deposited at NHM.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBE2E3BFFE513BBFD47F3C4" blockId="31.[113,702,671,695]" box="[113,702,671,695]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFFE513BBFE95F3C4" box="[113,364,671,695]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Other material eoamined:</emphasis>
Supporting Information, File S7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBE2E3BFFE513FDFDDEF21E" blockId="31.[113,763,729,878]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFFE513FDFF2EF383" box="[113,215,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Nuchal ridge absent dorsally. Pronotum outline hexagonal. Elytra yellowish-brown to brown-black with greenish, bluish, or purplish iridescence. Protibiae without sexual dimorphism, both males and females without laterodorsal row of thick spines. Aedeagus as in
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBE2E3BFE1B1272FDD8F21D" box="[399,545,854,878]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figure 10L–N</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBE2E3BFFE512B7FE0BF534" blockId="31.[113,765,915,1973]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFFE512B7FF11F2D9" box="[113,232,915,938]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Description:</emphasis>
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBE2E3BFE0D12B2FE4AF2D9" box="[409,435,918,938]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFD3F12B7FD47F2D9" box="[683,702,915,938]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">N</emphasis>
= 6]: FBL = 3.95–4.21 (4.1); TL = 7.92–8 (7.95); HW = 1–1.11 (1.05); HL = 1.13–1.25 (1.19); HW/HL = 0.83–0.92 (0.88); PW = 1.15–1.24 (1.21); PL = 1.15–1.25 (1.21); PW/ PL = 0.95–1.03 (1); EW = 1.76–1.9 (1.81); EL = 1.67–1.71 (1.69); PW/HW = 1.11–1.21 (1.15).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBE2E3BFF19156BFE5AF470" blockId="31.[113,765,915,1973]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Measurements
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD6CFFBE2E3BFEBC1576FEBBF515" box="[296,322,1106,1126]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
[min–max (average);
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFDB6156BFDCCF515" box="[546,565,1103,1126]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">N</emphasis>
= 3]: FBL = 4.47– 4.76 (4.59); TL = 7.32–8.56 (7.76); HW = 1.16–1.21 (1.18); HL = 1.3–1.36 (1.33); HW/HL = 0.87–0.9 (0.89); PW = 1.33–1.5 (1.4); PL = 1.31–1.44 (1.37); PW/PL = 1.01– 1.04 (1.02); EW = 1.98–2.13 (2.06); EL = 1.83–1.96 (1.9); PW/HW = 1.15–1.24 (1.18).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBE2E3BFF19142FFF39F4AC" blockId="31.[113,765,915,1973]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Head and pronotum dark brown to black with metallic blue overtones; antennae, mouthparts, pronotum at margins and legs yellowish-brown; elytra yellowish-brown to brown-black with greenish, bluish, or purplish iridescence, sometimes darker around mesocutellum and at suture; abdominal tergites and sternites brown-black or dark reddish-brown with pale posterior margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBE2E3BFF1914C2FC67F092" blockId="31.[113,765,915,1973]" lastBlockId="31.[809,1461,144,1516]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Head elongate; dorsally and ventrally with iridescence and with micropunctures and microsculpture of transverse isodiametric meshes, without coarse non-setiferous punctures; posterior angles indistinct with moderate setiferous punctures of medium and small-size. Eyes small (EYL/HL = x = 0.44), from 1.18 to 1.46 times as long as temples (in lateral view) in males and
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBE2E3BFF351786FEC2F7C9" box="[161,315,1698,1722]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3876" metricValueMax="2.6416" metricValueMin="2.1336" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="in" value="0.94" valueMax="1.04" valueMin="0.84">0.84 to 1.04 in</quantity>
females; distance between eyes about 1.13 times as long as length of eye in males and 1.44 times in females. Antennomere 3 moderately longer than antennomere 2; antennomeres 4 to 7 subequal in length; antennomeres 8 to 10 subequal in length; a11 from 1.52 to 1.75 times as long as a
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBE2E3BFD5D163BFD02F644" box="[713,763,1823,1847]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
males and from
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBE2E3BFE87161BFE6EF624" box="[275,407,1855,1879]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3401" metricValueMax="3.5559999999999996" metricValueMin="3.1242" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="in" value="1.315" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.23">1.23 to 1.4 in</quantity>
females. Basal and parocular punctures usually double; posterior frontal puncture located anterior to temporal puncture; without small setose punctures between frontoclypeal and anterior frontal punctures; ventral basal ridge more or less straight in checkmark shape, ending distinctly far from gular sutures; postgenal ridge reduced; postmandibular ridge reaching close to eye margin; PMP greatly reduced; nuchal ridge present only laterally, not fused with infraorbital ridge; gula with conspicuous isodiametric microsculpture medially, gular sutures moderately and equally separated in both sexes. Mandibles without dorsolateral groove; labrum with trapezoidal sclerotized region and entire apical margin; mentum with seta alpha only; penultimate labial palpomere only weakly dilated apicad, subequal in width with more or less subconical apical palpomere.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBE2E3BFCD110CDFB48F3CF" blockId="31.[809,1461,144,1516]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pronotum about as wide as long, convex, hexagonal, with two PPDS, without APP, without SLSP; flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension (process) not interrupted by inferior line. Elytra evenly punctate, interspaces from about as long as, to two or even up to six times as long as, diameter of punctures. Mesosternum with six macrosetae arranged in a row medially. Metasternum with several macrosetae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBE2E3BFCD113E0FA63F2EB" blockId="31.[809,1461,144,1516]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Protibiae not sexually dimorphic, without laterodorsal row of thick spines in both sexes. In males, mesotarsomeres 1–4 with pale adhesive setae, mesotarsomeres 1–3 with terminal plate. In females, mesotarsomeres 1–4 with pale adhesive setae, without terminal plate. In both sexes, metatarsomeres 2–4 with pale adhesive setae, without terminal plate; metatarsomere 1 shorter than 5, metatarsomere 4 ventrally with apical margin bilobed.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBE2E3BFCD112BBFBC0F463" blockId="31.[809,1461,144,1516]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Abdominal tergites III and IV with only a few rows of coarse, sparse punctures, with large impunctate area; tergite VIII not emarginate medio-apically. Sternite III with basal transverse carina usually evenly converging at an obtuse angle; lateral tergal sclerites IX not dorsoventrally or laterally flaưened. Male sternite VIII with U-shaped emargination medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBE2E3BFB691518FAADF527" box="[1277,1364,1084,1108]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@22.[168,1434,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 14. Male sternite VIII of Loncovilius species. A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
); female sternite VIII without emargination; male sternite IX without emargination medially, with rounded apex, its basal portion shorter than distal portion; male tergite X apically subtruncate (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBE2E3BFCA1159DFC72F5A2" box="[821,907,1209,1233]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-7@20.[168,1434,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 12. Male tergite X of Loncovilius species. A, L. germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F,L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
); female tergite X with apical margin distinctly subacute to acute (
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBE2E3BFC5215FDFBE3F582" box="[966,1050,1241,1265]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[186,1368,154,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-6@21.[153,1419,144,1840]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 13. Female tergite X of Loncovilius species.A, Loncovilius germaini. B, L. hammondi. C, L. impunctus. D, L. variabilis. E, L. edwardsianus. F, L. cantharoides. G, L. semiflavus. H, L. barclayi. I, L. lividipennis. J, L. carlsbergi." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 13E</figureCitation>
); ovipositor, its second gonocoxite with three macrosetae medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBE2E3BFCD11433FAA4F498" blockId="31.[809,1461,144,1516]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Aedeagus as in
<figureCitation id="13432A60FFBE2E3BFC661433FB72F45C" box="[1010,1163,1303,1327]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[195,1408,147,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-8@18.[190,1412,143,1839]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus of Loncovilius species. A–C, Loncovilius germaini. D–F, L. hammondi. G, H, L. impunctus. I–K, L. variabilis. L–N, L. edwardsianus. O–Q, L. cantharoides. A, D, G, I, L, O, aedeagus dorsally (parameral side). B, E, J, M, P, apical portion of paramere, underside. C, F, H, K, N, Q, aedeagus laterally." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figure 10L–N</figureCitation>
; its total length 1.25–1.31. Median lobe rod-like, its apex in parameral view slightly V-shaped, emarginate, internal sac with pair of long inverted L-shaped copulatory sclerites. Paramere distinctly produced over apex of median lobe; wider than median lobe; converging to a round apex; with small translucent peg setae; in lateral view almost straight, curved away from median lobe apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBE2E3BFCBE1729FC31F78C" blockId="31.[810,1460,1549,1792]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFCBE1729FAE3F756" box="[810,1306,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Distribution and habitat:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFBB01729FAE3F756" baseAuthorityName="Korge" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[1060,1306,1549,1573]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">Loncovilius edwardsianus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known from
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBE2E3BFCBE1708FC9DF737" box="[810,868,1580,1604]" name="Chile" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chile</collectingCountry>
, from the
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBE2E3BFC471708FBC5F737" box="[979,1084,1580,1604]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBE2E3BFBDC1708FB71F737" box="[1096,1160,1580,1604]" country="Chile" name="Aysen" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Aysén</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBE2E3BFB001708FB23F737" box="[1172,1242,1580,1604]" country="Chile" name="Biobio" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Biobío</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBE2E3BFB721708FAABF737" box="[1254,1362,1580,1604]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBE2E3BFA191708FCA0F710" country="Chile" name="Los Rios" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Los Ríos</collectingRegion>
regions. In addition, it occurs in the westernmost portions of the
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBE2E3BFCFA174FFC47F7F0" box="[878,958,1643,1667]" country="Argentina" name="Chubut" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chubut</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49BCF807FFBE2E3BFC66174FFBA7F7F0" box="[1010,1118,1643,1667]" country="Argentina" name="Rio Negro" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Río Negro</collectingRegion>
provinces of
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBE2E3BFB7E174FFAABF7F0" box="[1258,1362,1643,1667]" name="Argentina" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Argentina</collectingCountry>
. Ŋe species occurs from
<quantity id="4C809B00FFBE2E3BFC4B17AEFB84F7D2" box="[991,1149,1674,1698]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="700.0" valueMax="1200.0" valueMin="200.0">200 to 1200 m</quantity>
elevation; it is reported from wet sclerophyll and open
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFBA4178DFB59F7B2" box="[1072,1184,1705,1729]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFBA4178DFB59F7B2" box="[1072,1184,1705,1729]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Nothofagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forests along the Valdivian temperate forest ecoregion. It has been collected by sissing leaf liưer and moss.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736E5FFBE2E04FCBE1605FE3AF0F0" blockId="31.[809,1459,1825,1975]" lastBlockId="32.[127,780,144,387]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFCBE1605FB78F64A" box="[810,1153,1825,1849]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Remarks:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFC1A1605FB78F64A" baseAuthorityName="Korge" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[910,1153,1825,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">Loncovilius edwardsianus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
was described under the preoccupied name
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFC521665FB94F62A" authorityName="Bernh. Nec Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[966,1133,1857,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFC521665FB94F62A" box="[966,1133,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Quedius edwardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on an unspecified number of
<typeStatus id="54C38847FFBE2E3BFCD51644FC63F60B" box="[833,922,1888,1912]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
from Casa Pangue in Llanquihue Province in Southern
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FFBE2E3BFCBD165BFC9BF6E4" box="[809,866,1919,1943]" name="Chile" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chile</collectingCountry>
. Korge (1963) replaced the name with
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFB7316A4FA7AF6E4" baseAuthorityName="Korge" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[1255,1411,1919,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFB7316A4FA7AF6E4" box="[1255,1411,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Q. edwardsianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and, interestingly, this species was treated in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FFBE2E3BFAD516BBFA69F6C4" box="[1345,1424,1951,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FFBE2E3BFAD516BBFA69F6C4" box="[1345,1424,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Quedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Coiffait and Sáiz (1966, 1968) who neither studied the type material nor reported any new material. Presumably, all mentioned authors knew this species only from literature because even Sáiz (1971) did not mention it in the fauna of
<collectingCountry id="F36F7675FF812E04FDB311CAFD99F075" box="[551,608,238,262]" name="Chile" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Chile</collectingCountry>
. Ŋe species was transferred to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF812E04FEFF1029FE2FF056" box="[363,470,269,293]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FEFF1029FE2FF056" box="[363,470,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Loncovilius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
much later by Newton (2017). To fix the identity of the species, a male from the Bernhauer’s collection at the FMNH, which is clearly a
<typeStatus id="54C38847FF812E04FD971068FDADF017" box="[515,596,332,356]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
, is here designated as a
<typeStatus id="54C38847FF812E04FF3C104FFEFCF0F0" box="[168,261,363,387]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<emphasis id="B90CEAF7FF812E04FEB01048FE3AF0F0" box="[292,451,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D66FF812E04FEB01048FE47F0F0" baseAuthorityName="Korge" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[292,446,363,387]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">L. edwardsianus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:namePart id="654ABAB0A6830F96C0BD96946C89D0D1">Bridge, Tom C. L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CDDCC7A4183E41AC058A587E6817B7C5">Biodiversity and Geosciences Program * Museum of Tropical Queensland * Queensland Museum Network * Townsville * QLD * Australia &amp; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef ºtudies * James Cook University * Townsville * QLD * Australia &amp; College of ºcience and Engineering * James Cook University * Townsville * QLD * Australia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="31A038448D1C3BCCE904A63871CC0980" type="email">tom.bridge@qm.qld.gov.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="45ABF775D1836B9EDA8E3A272FFAEFD2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="42B5481A37AD2D083EC2710C44D3BED5">
<mods:roleTerm id="A8CDDFB5A9078EDF024FA986049851CB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1F7B49962F7FF13225BE9885E46A5195">Cowman, Peter F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9BCD602E9A047463F92B37DFAA0A6F41">Biodiversity and Geosciences Program * Museum of Tropical Queensland * Queensland Museum Network * Townsville * QLD * Australia &amp; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef ºtudies * James Cook University * Townsville * QLD * Australia &amp; College of ºcience and Engineering * James Cook University * Townsville * QLD * Australia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="63CBCF4A35D5C1CC2ACE2E96160FB67A" type="email">tom.bridge@qm.qld.gov.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="43B8A4A9EA850E858B146A77AF999A64" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E10D7DD6F5214D0B0F2F8498F76EB8F5">
<mods:roleTerm id="0248A0FB351DA3991AD02DFB9533B400">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BB5AFBFD177B04DA67C82FF24F1736DE">Quaưrini, Andrea M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2C3A7BDBC768B4F101840FA5EA837C9D">Department of Invertebrate Zoology * National Museum of Natural History * ºmithsonian Institution * Washington * DC * United ºtates</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6A8AF95C3530C43015F598BD65BF1BDD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7D3B8C36B6E87FE77C50C0548A32107C">
<mods:roleTerm id="29991E804F308213F9715C365CB52D07">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DBA28D77BE9928F6F5AF0809B8FA84BC">Bonito, Victor E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EFE256927A02374836106C0E899BD782">Coral Coast Conservation Center * Votua Village * Baravi * Nadroga * Fiji</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DCA7F917B5AE0062AB0F2E018D3CBF72" type="personal">
<mods:role id="57C21B47B8970E971B723975DEF0EBCB">
<mods:roleTerm id="CA241160D31963868C4E14252A2BACF9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="790389B889F5F2EAB82DB6D4D71FBDE0">Frederic</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E5AB6C28210E913B2DA4D86E684BE2BF">ºesoko ºtation * Tropical Biosphere Research Center * University of the Ryukyus * 3422 ºesoko * Motobu * Okinawa * Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9E7E6677D0945483A7D5D9D1957EFEF7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="389B588A8F794D2D77A2207EA5D8FC0B">
<mods:roleTerm id="3B26535D694B771DB7329B674D382A11">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A9111A4ABB496F6F13B2582978E928B6">Harii</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="25B890D3E2B6FEB243A3E0E328C634E8">ºesoko ºtation * Tropical Biosphere Research Center * University of the Ryukyus * 3422 ºesoko * Motobu * Okinawa * Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="32DD8409F58DA17CCD9D53BC62F35165" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8870B99A5BC55027F81D3E022D48F032">
<mods:roleTerm id="C6A1211B2BFF5E5C77E515E89952A510">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9EE54B490482043DD2CBA974EA0D7680">Head, Catherine E. I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E4AE35950ADF6A8A670FD837285435CC">Institute of Zoology * Zoological ºociety of London * London * United Kingdom &amp; Department of Zoology * University of Oxford * Oxford * United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4F0989DE2EDCD1E7CB7A4C0B59F03E54" type="email">tom.bridge@qm.qld.gov.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8A9A07CD9BAAF7C3CA3366684D72C5A8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9AD19F84E82724B0199AC8F7A5B630CB">
<mods:roleTerm id="DB61B18648A81C5A63EE1282D05AD6F5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="78DF0B8064CE40721BA4901C638CCA35">Hung, Julia Y.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="29ADA0D1A04F596E23A0EB40ED8B4C09">College of ºcience and Engineering * James Cook University * Townsville * QLD * Australia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9AD49DB927A2E2259B6CB70BB465B96E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CFEA6EB43BD5650C8B45DF60403B2E47">
<mods:roleTerm id="EAEA35045E4C63A313DCD087526437D0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="43923015047ED2939B981FD004699FDC">Halafihi, Tuikolongahau</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="204579A290ECEAA4F2696BA972F1DBC3">Ministry of Fisheries * Nuku’alofa * Tongatapu * Tonga</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6524E0133AC0006CFDA1A1847DEFD9CB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="086D89AA087825F3910F1AD92BAD72BE">
<mods:roleTerm id="D8D630A398E2E6F8197201CECE2B21FF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="639DFECDB7254F8BB96F5E59152F99BB">Rongo, Teina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5BF68D6BBFCB97CA63D4933F31379D67">Kōrero O Te`Ōrau * Rarotonga * Cook Islands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="51FDD31E972B98F5677F152F532049F0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BEA1204D7A9E6B78B530DD7F93DC6D33">
<mods:roleTerm id="89E08DF8BED09FA9DC7EF61BC0FA72FB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D277C73E7EE6046E320CE7BD46479858">Baird, Andrew H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4CF81D784F2C550E9D551A6DF74D5659">Biodiversity and Geosciences Program * Museum of Tropical Queensland * Queensland Museum Network * Townsville * QLD * Australia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B956BD1F5E85F1F8F425F252C917891A" type="email">tom.bridge@qm.qld.gov.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2058724CF9F6628972E92CBE2EECF225">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="E1BE5B69DBF24244F033BC85492C21B0">
<mods:title id="28F4976390E19115D6ADB0427C86F8C3">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="CF1219D1E10E6BC51CD8CBDC4CA089B1">
<mods:date id="16C11EF15A89DEB2BC8ED018A28FAE70">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="FA5A5DA96BF2393DEDC36DDD48682479" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="D309620497959DD072EF0B43D53C46A8">2023-07-27</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="76584DECA9B7F123C0AA6F9DE27E5851" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9AA8AC4A79BC8E8A75A4D2E836EC0E3F">202</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:number id="453CBC9432C34FB008227483C01B2A89">1</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="D9F0D50E3B37FB580883CD643687DAFC">24</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="CAFC1D3A634287E8A6FABCB033E30EF4">
<mods:url id="3DA75F5E35449EE8E9E4F008AE5AEBEE">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad062</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="953ACBF53FA110996EDA312689BDEA80">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="1F618FE33F189F9759B485A0D2879FAB" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad062</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CF2811EB857662D2BA1812ABE9173FFF" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D568F470C3C5D10D3E7B53D6E6178CB1" type="Zenodo-Dep">14541964</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D86D16FFBAB308FCBDE360A59AFD5F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D86D16FFBAB308FCBDE360A59AFD5F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D86D16FFBAB308FCBDE360A59AFD5F" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<subSubSection id="C36B8F8BFFBAB30AFCBDE360A094FE6A" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCEDC00FFBAB30AFCBDE360A1ABFE85" blockId="13.[821,1449,302,329]" box="[821,1449,302,329]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="D0866B6CFFBAB30AFCBDE360A1ABFE85" bold="true" box="[821,1449,302,329]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCBDE360A1ABFE85" bold="true" box="[821,1449,302,329]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFBAB30AFCBDE360A168FE84" ID-CoL="BZW7L" authority="Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird" authorityName="Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" box="[821,1386,302,329]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuissima" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCBDE360A01EFE84" bold="true" box="[821,1052,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Acropora tenuissima</emphasis>
Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A236BD69FFBAB30AFAFBE361A1ABFE85" box="[1395,1449,303,329]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCEDC00FFBAB30AFCA2E321A094FE6A" blockId="13.[810,1459,367,422]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCA2E321A006FE4B" box="[810,1028,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
<uri id="FFE0D002FFBAB30AFB9AE321A094FE6A" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
urn: lsid: zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFD7E6D5FFBAB30AFAB7E321A094FE6A" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">43573A79- 8333-4FBE-8C78-20E8837CAA10</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36B8F8BFFBAB308FCA2E386A59AFD5F" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCEDC00FFBAB30AFCA2E386A16FFE33" blockId="13.[810,1459,456,511]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<materialsCitation id="3B19D65DFFBAB30AFCA2E386A16FFE33" country="Australia" elevation="7" location="Myrmidon Reef" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCA2E386A7EFFE2C" box="[810,1005,456,480]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<typeStatus id="54CA62A2FFBAB30AFCA2E386A787FE2C" box="[810,901,456,480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFC1DE386A7EFFE2C" bold="true" box="[917,1005,456,480]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G78705</emphasis>
</emphasis>
* collected from
<elevation id="005C3B33FFBAB30AFB16E386A112FE2C" box="[1182,1296,456,480]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="7.0">
<quantity id="4C8971E5FFBAB30AFB16E386A0C8FE13" box="[1182,1226,456,479]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
on the eastern fore-reef of
<location id="8EAE8ADBFFBAB30AFC28E3A9A040FE33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D86D16FFBAB308FCBDE360A59AFD5F:8EAE8ADBFFBAB30AFC28E3A9A040FE33" box="[928,1090,487,511]" country="Australia" name="Myrmidon Reef" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Myrmidon Reef</location>
* GBR*
<collectingCountry id="F3669C90FFBAB30AFB07E3A9A0E8FE33" box="[1167,1258,487,511]" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="134AC085FFBAB30AFB72E3A9A141FE33" box="[1274,1347,487,511]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[249,1353,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-73@14.[249,1353,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 5. Acropora tenuissima. Holotype MTQ G78705 in the field at Myrmidon Reef* Great Barrier Reef (A* B); paratype MTQ G78343 from Namaqumaqua* Viti Levu* Fiji (C); holotype skeletal details (D* E); and scanning electron microscope images of axial corallite (F)* radial corallites (G) and coenosteum (H) of the holotype." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
* B).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCEDC00FFBAB30AFCA2E06FA0D6FDBB" blockId="13.[810,1459,544,631]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<materialsCitation id="3B19D65DFFBAB30AFCA2E06FA1B1FDF4" box="[810,1459,544,568]" country="Fiji" elevation="7" location="Namaqumaqua" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCA2E06FA793FDF4" box="[810,913,545,568]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<typeStatus id="54CA62A2FFBAB30AFCA2E06FA78EFDF4" box="[810,908,545,568]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFC1FE06EA7F2FDF4" bold="true" box="[919,1008,544,568]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G78343</emphasis>
*
<elevation id="005C3B33FFBAB30AFC73E06FA05DFDF4" box="[1019,1119,544,568]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="7.0">
<quantity id="4C8971E5FFBAB30AFC73E06FA020FDF4" box="[1019,1058,545,568]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
* fore-reef of
<location id="8EAE8ADBFFBAB30AFB6DE06EA17DFDF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D86D16FFBAB308FCBDE360A59AFD5F:8EAE8ADBFFBAB30AFB6DE06EA17DFDF4" box="[1253,1407,544,568]" country="Fiji" name="Namaqumaqua" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Namaqumaqua</location>
*
<collectingCountry id="F3669C90FFBAB30AFA05E06EA1B1FDF4" box="[1421,1459,544,568]" name="Fiji" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Viti</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B19D65DFFBAB30AFCA2E00EA7F6FD94" box="[810,1012,575,600]" collectorName="Levu" country="Fiji" location="Fiji" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="2684B9D6FFBAB30AFCA2E00EA759FD94" box="[810,859,576,600]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Levu</collectorName>
*
<collectingCountry id="F3669C90FFBAB30AFCE2E00EA78EFD94" box="[874,908,576,600]" name="Fiji" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fiji</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="134AC085FFBAB30AFC15E00EA7EAFD9B" box="[925,1000,575,600]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[249,1353,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-73@14.[249,1353,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 5. Acropora tenuissima. Holotype MTQ G78705 in the field at Myrmidon Reef* Great Barrier Reef (A* B); paratype MTQ G78343 from Namaqumaqua* Viti Levu* Fiji (C); holotype skeletal details (D* E); and scanning electron microscope images of axial corallite (F)* radial corallites (G) and coenosteum (H) of the holotype." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
; and
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFBA6E071A085FD9B" bold="true" box="[1070,1159,575,599]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G81179</emphasis>
* collected from
<materialsCitation id="3B19D65DFFBAB30AFAA7E00EA0D2FDBB" collectorName="Blue Pools" country="Australia" elevation="1" location="Heron Island" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<elevation id="005C3B33FFBAB30AFAA7E00EA198FD94" box="[1327,1434,576,600]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1.0">
<quantity id="4C8971E5FFBAB30AFAA7E00EA155FD9B" box="[1327,1367,576,600]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
at
<collectorName id="2684B9D6FFBAB30AFCA2E011A791FDBB" box="[810,915,607,631]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Blue Pools</collectorName>
*
<location id="8EAE8ADBFFBAB30AFC29E011A026FDBB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D86D16FFBAB308FCBDE360A59AFD5F:8EAE8ADBFFBAB30AFC29E011A026FDBB" box="[929,1060,607,631]" country="Australia" name="Heron Island" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Heron Island</location>
* GBR*
<collectingCountry id="F3669C90FFBAB30AFBFAE011A0D2FDBB" box="[1138,1232,607,631]" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Australia</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCEDC00FFBAB30AFCA2E0EFA78EFD34" blockId="13.[810,1458,673,760]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCA2E0EFA033FD75" box="[810,1073,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Other material examined:</emphasis>
MTQ: GBR G30675* Davies Reef*
<collectingRegion id="49B512E2FFBAB30AFCA2E08EA7A0FD14" box="[810,930,704,728]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Queensland</collectingRegion>
*
<collectingCountry id="F3669C90FFBAB30AFC33E08EA018FD14" box="[955,1050,704,728]" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Australia</collectingCountry>
; G30677* Fitzroy Reef*
<collectingRegion id="49B512E2FFBAB30AFAB9E08EA1ABFD14" box="[1329,1449,704,728]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Queensland</collectingRegion>
*
<collectingCountry id="F3669C90FFBAB30AFCA2E0AEA78AFD34" box="[810,904,736,760]" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCEDC00FFBAB30AFCA2E15CA7D8FB6E" blockId="13.[810,1459,786,1186]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCA2E15CA78FFCE6" box="[810,909,786,810]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<typeStatus id="54CA62A2FFBAB30AFCA2E15CA785FCE6" box="[810,903,786,810]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
Colony shape corymbose with determinate growth form. Primary branches long (&gt;
<quantity id="4C8971E5FFBAB30AFB29E17FA0EAFC85" box="[1185,1256,817,841]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
)* thin and terete*
<quantity id="4C8971E5FFBAB30AFCA2E11EA784FCA4" box="[810,902,848,872]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
in diameter and vertically orientated (
<figureCitation id="134AC085FFBAB30AFABBE11EA186FCA4" box="[1331,1412,848,872]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[249,1353,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-73@14.[249,1353,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 5. Acropora tenuissima. Holotype MTQ G78705 in the field at Myrmidon Reef* Great Barrier Reef (A* B); paratype MTQ G78343 from Namaqumaqua* Viti Levu* Fiji (C); holotype skeletal details (D* E); and scanning electron microscope images of axial corallite (F)* radial corallites (G) and coenosteum (H) of the holotype." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
* E). Axial corallites tubular* 1.2–2.0 mm outer diameter and 0.8– 1.0 mm inner diameter (
<figureCitation id="134AC085FFBAB30AFBA0E1C1A072FC6B" box="[1064,1136,911,935]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[249,1353,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-73@14.[249,1353,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 5. Acropora tenuissima. Holotype MTQ G78705 in the field at Myrmidon Reef* Great Barrier Reef (A* B); paratype MTQ G78343 from Namaqumaqua* Viti Levu* Fiji (C); holotype skeletal details (D* E); and scanning electron microscope images of axial corallite (F)* radial corallites (G) and coenosteum (H) of the holotype." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
). Radial corallites closely positioned but not touching* predominantly appressed tubular with extended lower lip and large oblique or nariform openings* but become labellate towards branch tips. ºepta on both axial and radial corallites are weakly developed; primary septa up to one-quarter of the radius of the calyx* secondary septa absent or some present as points (
<figureCitation id="134AC085FFBAB30AFB04E605A0D0FBAF" box="[1164,1234,1099,1123]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[249,1353,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-73@14.[249,1353,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 5. Acropora tenuissima. Holotype MTQ G78705 in the field at Myrmidon Reef* Great Barrier Reef (A* B); paratype MTQ G78343 from Namaqumaqua* Viti Levu* Fiji (C); holotype skeletal details (D* E); and scanning electron microscope images of axial corallite (F)* radial corallites (G) and coenosteum (H) of the holotype." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
* G). Ŋe coenosteum is costate* with some spinule development in the
<typeStatus id="54CA62A2FFBAB30AFAAFE625A180FB4F" box="[1319,1410,1131,1155]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
specimen (
<figureCitation id="134AC085FFBAB30AFCF3E6C7A7CBFB6D" box="[891,969,1161,1185]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[249,1353,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-73@14.[249,1353,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 5. Acropora tenuissima. Holotype MTQ G78705 in the field at Myrmidon Reef* Great Barrier Reef (A* B); paratype MTQ G78343 from Namaqumaqua* Viti Levu* Fiji (C); holotype skeletal details (D* E); and scanning electron microscope images of axial corallite (F)* radial corallites (G) and coenosteum (H) of the holotype." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCEDC00FFBAB30AFCA2E68FA12CFABA" blockId="13.[810,1460,1217,1398]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCA2E68FA7F8FB15" box="[810,1018,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Molecular phylogeny:</emphasis>
Ŋe
<specimenCount id="9D771789FFBAB30AFBA7E68FA0CAFB15" box="[1071,1224,1217,1241]" count="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
sequenced of this species* from the GBR and
<collectingCountry id="F3669C90FFBAB30AFB9EE6AEA037FB34" box="[1046,1077,1248,1272]" name="Fiji" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fiji</collectingCountry>
* are recovered as a reciprocally monophyletic group in all phylogenetic trees (
<figureCitation id="134AC085FFBAB30AFB5EE6B1A117FAD4" box="[1238,1301,1279,1304]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[113,178,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[118,1455,148,1529]" captionTargetId="graphics-75@7.[118,1276,159,1526]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogeny based on the 50% complete edge-trimmed alignment matrix (2032 loci). A* inset phylogeny depicts the relationships among all six major Acropora clades (sensu Cowman et al. 2020) and the three subclades within clade I. Clade I-C is indicated by the dashed box. Ŋe position of Acropora selago (Clade VI) and Acropora donei (Clade III) are indicated. B* ML phylogeny of clade I-C. Ultrafast bootstrap support and gene/site concordance factors are indicated at the nodes (see key). Primary species hypotheses (PºHs) are indicated by clade labels. Field codes for each specimen (tip labels) also reflect the collection location: Great Barrier Reef (73-* 74-* 76-* GBR); Coral ºea (75-); Lord Howe Island* south-east Australia (81-)* Fiji (101-* FJ)* Tonga (TG); Rarotonga* Cook Islands (CI); Kimbe Bay* Bismarck ºea* Papua New Guinea (69-* KM); Palau (PL); Pohnpei (PN); Ningaloo Reef* Western Australia (88-); Ryukyu Islands* Japan (54-); Chagos (BFC); and Mayoưe (MY)." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 2</figureCitation>
* 3; ºupporting Information* Figs º1* º2). Ŋe species is sister to
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFBAB30AFA91E751A1B1FAFA" authorityName="Hoffmeister" authorityYear="1925" box="[1305,1459,1311,1335]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pagoensis">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFA91E751A132FAFA" box="[1305,1328,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A.</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFAD0E751A1B1FAFA" box="[1368,1459,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pagoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<collectionCode id="ED6044C5FFBAB30AFCE1E771A78DFA9A" box="[873,911,1343,1366]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ML</collectionCode>
reconstructions* but the ºNAPP species tree places
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFBAB30AFA14E770A7ABFAB9" authorityName="Hoffmeister" authorityYear="1925" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pagoensis">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFA14E770A1B6FA99" box="[1436,1460,1342,1365]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A.</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCC6E710A7ABFAB9" box="[846,937,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pagoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as sister species to
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFBAB30AFBE3E710A0C1FAB9" authorityName="Bridge &amp; Cowman &amp; Quaưrini &amp; Bonito &amp; Frederic &amp; Harii &amp; Head &amp; Hung &amp; Halafihi &amp; Rongo &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" box="[1131,1219,1374,1397]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rongoi">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFBE3E710A0C1FAB9" box="[1131,1219,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. rongoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="134AC085FFBAB30AFB5BE713A11CFABA" box="[1235,1310,1373,1398]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,876,900]" captionTargetBox="[1098,1419,172,840]" captionTargetId="figure-1701@8.[1195,1290,190,821]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Results from multiple species delimitation methods of Clade I-C. A* ºTRUCTURE result for cluster 1 (K = 3) cluster 1i (K = 2) and cluster 1iii (K = 2) in lower panel and cluster 2 (K = 3) in upper panel. Additional ºTRUCTURE plots are available in the ºupporting Information (Fig.º4). B* principal components analysis (PCA) plots for DAPC analysis for cluster 1 in the lower panel and cluster 2 in the upper panel. DAPC clusters are indicated by shape for cluster 1 (K = 3; diamond* triangle and filled circle) and cluster 2 (K = 2; triangles and filled circles). Colours of shapes match the PºH designation from Figure 2. C* unsupervised machine learning method t-ºNE clustering of samples using Gap algorithm clustering for cluster 1 and cluster 2. Genetic clusters are indicated by shape* while colour matches the PºH designation.Cluster 1 is shown in the lower panel; alternative clustering methods and detailed labelled plots are shown in the ºupporting Information (Fig.º5). D* species tree cloudogram of Clade I-C. Cloudogram of the posterior distribution of ºNAPP trees from 2046 ºNPs mined from targeted capture data.Tip labels indicate species designated from phylogenetic and morphological assessment. (see ºupporting Information Fig. º4)." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCEDC00FFBAB308FCA2E7C1A581FE4F" blockId="13.[810,1460,1423,1949]" lastBlockId="15.[113,763,144,387]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCA2E7C1A78AFA6B" box="[810,904,1423,1447]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks:</emphasis>
Forms small corymbose clumps* generally
<quantity id="4C8971E5FFBAB30AFABEE7C1A199FA6B" box="[1334,1435,1423,1447]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="cm" value="22.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="15.0">15–30 cm</quantity>
in diameter. Colonies are compact cushions with short branches in high-energy environments. In more sheltered habitats* colonies can form taller* more upright corymbose colonies. Generally* an iridescent yellow–orange to pinkish/orange colour* especially pronounced at the branch tips and axials* but can also be greyish/brown in colour. Polyps lower on the branches are generally extended during the day and brownish in colour. Ŋe species is clearly differentiated morphologically from all other species in clade I-C by its thin* neat branches. Within cluster 1i*
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFBAB30AFCA2E487A7C9F92C" authorityName="Hoffmeister" authorityYear="1925" box="[810,971,1737,1761]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pagoensis">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCA2E487A743F92C" box="[810,833,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A.</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCF8E487A7C9F92C" box="[880,971,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pagoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has much thicker branches* whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFBAB30AFADFE487A1B1F92C" authorityName="Bridge &amp; Cowman &amp; Quaưrini &amp; Bonito &amp; Frederic &amp; Harii &amp; Head &amp; Hung &amp; Halafihi &amp; Rongo &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" box="[1367,1459,1737,1760]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rongoi">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFADFE487A1B1F92C" box="[1367,1459,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. rongoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has thick branches and an indeterminate growth form.
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFBAB30AFAD1E4A6A760F8D3" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuis">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFAD1E4A6A760F8D3" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Acropora tenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFBAB30AFC1DE546A0E4F8D3" authority="Veron &amp; Wallace" authorityName="Veron &amp; Wallace" authorityYear="1984" box="[917,1254,1799,1823]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="azurea">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFC1DE546A035F8D3" box="[917,1079,1800,1823]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Acropora azurea</emphasis>
Veron &amp; Wallace
</taxonomicName>
* 1984 can co-occur with
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFBAB30AFCEAE569A7EBF8F2" authorityName="Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" box="[866,1001,1831,1854]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuissima">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFCEAE569A7EBF8F2" box="[866,1001,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. tenuissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and can have similar colony shape* but
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFBAB30AFA14E569A792F892" authorityName="Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuissima">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFA14E569A792F892" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. tenuissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFBAB30AFBF9E508A0C7F892" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[1137,1221,1862,1886]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuis">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFBF9E508A0C7F892" box="[1137,1221,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. tenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its thinner branches and smaller corallites* whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFBAB30AFBFCE528A0D4F8B1" authorityName="Veron &amp; Wallace" authorityYear="1984" box="[1140,1238,1894,1917]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="azurea">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFBAB30AFBFCE528A0D4F8B1" box="[1140,1238,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. azurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has appressed radial corallites that are nariform rather than tubular. ºpecimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB9B309FF09E517A507F8BD" authorityName="Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" box="[129,261,1881,1905]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuissima">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB9B309FF09E517A507F8BD" box="[129,261,1881,1905]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. tenuissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the MTQ collection are identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB9B309FD27E517A4B0F85C" baseAuthorityName="MNB" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB9B309FD27E517A4B0F85C" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Acropora nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ºtuder* 1878); however* the
<typeStatus id="54CA62A2FFB9B309FE66E536A648F85C" box="[494,586,1912,1936]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB9B309FDE6E537A4C2F87C" authority="(MNB 1941)" baseAuthorityName="MNB" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB9B309FDE6E537A6BFF85C" box="[622,701,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. nana</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB9B309FD58E537A4B7F87C" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MNB 1941</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
has tubular to nariform radial corallites* which extend from the branch at an obtuse angle* rather than the acute to appressed angle of
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB9B309FC18E537A011F85C" authorityName="Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" box="[912,1043,1913,1936]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuissima">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB9B309FC18E537A011F85C" box="[912,1043,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. tenuissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Ŋe coenosteum of the
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB9B309FA99E537A15DF85C" baseAuthorityName="MNB" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[1297,1375,1913,1936]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB9B309FA99E537A15DF85C" box="[1297,1375,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="54CA62A2FFB9B309FAEEE536A1C0F85C" box="[1382,1474,1912,1936]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
also exhibits a heavily ornamented coenosteum* whereas the coenosteum of
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB8B308FE86E2DEA592FF64" authorityName="Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" box="[270,400,144,168]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuissima">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FE86E2DEA592FF64" box="[270,400,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. tenuissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is costate and lacks spinules. A specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB8B308FF5CE2FEA555FF0B" authorityName="Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" box="[212,343,176,199]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuissima">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FF5CE2FEA555FF0B" box="[212,343,176,199]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. tenuissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F3669C90FFB8B308FE10E2E1A5B8FF0B" box="[408,442,175,199]" name="Fiji" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fiji</collectingCountry>
is included in the series of images illustrating
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB8B308FE9FE281A585FF2B" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[279,391,207,231]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="subulata">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FE9FE281A585FF2B" box="[279,391,207,231]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. subulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE0A1F1FFB8B308FE25E281A672FF2B" author="Veron JEN" box="[429,624,207,231]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref25166" refString="Veron JEN * ºtafford-ºmith MG * Turak E * DeVantier LM. Corals of the World. 2016. hup: // www. coralsossheworld. org / species _ factsheets / species _ factsheet _ summary / acropora-subulata / (28 June 2022 date last accessed)." type="book" year="2016">
Veron
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FE79E281A623FF2B" box="[497,545,207,231]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
hưp://www. coralsossheworld.org/media/images/0073_C04_01.jpg; however* the
<typeStatus id="54CA62A2FFB8B308FF45E343A52BFEE9" box="[205,297,269,293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB8B308FEC1E340A5BAFEE9" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[329,440,269,293]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="subulata">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FEC1E340A5BAFEE9" box="[329,440,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. subulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a fragement of a large tabular or corymbose colony with tightly packed* labellate radial corallites reminiscent of
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB8B308FEB6E302A5FDFEA8" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1892" box="[318,511,332,356]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="squamosa">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FEB6E302A5FDFEA8" box="[318,511,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Acropora squamosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Brook* 1892) but very distinct from
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB8B308FF73E322A57FFE4F" authorityName="Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" box="[251,381,364,387]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuissima">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FF73E322A57FFE4F" box="[251,381,364,387]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. tenuissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0E8C88FFB9B309FF09E4A2A66AF8F0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[129,194,1772,1796]" targetBox="[249,1353,144,1744]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCEDC00FFB9B309FF09E4A2A66AF8F0" blockId="14.[129,1467,1772,1852]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB9B309FF09E4A2A5A6F8C8" bold="true" box="[129,420,1772,1796]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Figure 5.
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB9B309FF55E4A2A5A6F8C8" authorityName="Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" box="[221,420,1772,1796]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuissima">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB9B309FF55E4A2A5A6F8C8" bold="true" box="[221,420,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Acropora tenuissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
. Holotype MTQ
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB9B309FDC3E4A2A69AF8C8" box="[587,664,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">G78705</emphasis>
in the field at Myrmidon Reef* Great Barrier Reef (A* B); paratype MTQ G78343 from Namaqumaqua* Viti Levu* Fiji (C); holotype skeletal details (D* E); and scanning electron microscope images of axial corallite (F)* radial corallites (G) and coenosteum (H) of the holotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCEDC00FFB8B308FFF9E3EBA618FE37" blockId="15.[113,763,421,507]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FFF9E3EBA4EDFE71" box="[113,239,421,445]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution:</emphasis>
Currently recorded only from
<collectingCountry id="F3669C90FFB8B308FDB8E3EBA650FE71" box="[560,594,421,445]" name="Fiji" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fiji</collectingCountry>
and the centralsouthern GBR* but likely to occur elsewhere in the south-west Pacific (ºupporting Information* Fig. º6).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCEDC00FFB8B308FFF9E053A59AFD5F" blockId="15.[113,762,541,659]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FFF9E053A4E3FDF9" box="[113,225,541,565]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Etymology:</emphasis>
Meaning ‘very thin’ in Latin
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB8B308FD8BE053A67AFDF8" authorityName="Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" box="[515,632,541,565]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuissima">
*
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FD9AE053A67AFDF8" box="[530,632,541,564]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">tenuissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refers to the thin branches characteristic of this species and which distinguish it from
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB8B308FF72E012A54CFDBF" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[250,334,604,627]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuis">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FF72E012A54CFDBF" box="[250,334,604,627]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. tenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB8B308FE08E012A5CFFDBF" box="[384,461,603,627]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="kenti">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FE08E012A5CFFDBF" box="[384,461,603,627]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. kenti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
* both of which co-occur with
<taxonomicName id="4C71A783FFB8B308FFF9E035A4F1FD5E" authorityName="Bonito, Bridge, Fenner &amp; Baird" authorityYear="2024" box="[113,243,635,658]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuissima">
<emphasis id="B9050012FFB8B308FFF9E035A4F1FD5E" box="[113,243,635,658]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. tenuissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
across its range.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

397
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@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
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, male. Collected on
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9 September
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in
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County (
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0°12
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25.4″S
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,
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37°30
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02.4″E
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elevation
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;
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) by Domnick
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Description of
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For all measurements, see the Supporting Information (Table S1). Medium-sized male frog (
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,
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), body elongate. Body width 15.0 mm, head width
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. Arms and legs relatively long, gracile (
<figureCitation id="137F97FDA7302545FAEDFAF2FA4FFD5D" box="[1375,1434,1356,1380]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[116,1454,145,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-182@5.[114,1458,144,1602]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Artistic rendition of Kenyaphrynoides vulcani (A). Drawing of a dorsal view of the less hand of the holotype (B), and dorsal (C) and ventral (D) photographs of the holotype prior to preservation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542110/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137F97FDA7302545FA16FAF2FA64FD5D" box="[1444,1457,1356,1380]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[129,194,1404,1428]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1375]" captionTargetId="figure-279@6.[129,1473,144,1376]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. Lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral (C) views, and ventral aspect of right foot (D) and less hand (E) of the holotype of Kenyaphrynoides vulcani." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542112/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">4</figureCitation>
). Outline of head in dorsal and ventral view oval, snout blunt. Eyes not visible in ventral view. Canthus rostralis flat, obliquely directed. In dorsal view, snout distinctly raised bulge, starting from anterior edge of the eye along to each nostril [canthus rostralis]. Lateral snout margins slightly expanded and curved at margin of canthus rostralis and midline of head, resembling upper parts of two parallel, sausage-shaped structures from eye to snout. Nostrils laterally directed,
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apart, much nearer to apex of snout (one-quarter of total distance from snout tip to eye) than eye. Ventrally, chin region relatively smooth, with small glands present on jaw line. Tongue present, without any papillae. Choanae present on anterior part of roof of mouth. Eyes large (
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). No tympanum visible. Interorbital distance (
<quantity id="4CBC269DA7302545FAD5F95DFA6FFEC5" box="[1383,1466,1763,1788]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="5.4">5.4 mm</quantity>
) almost twice the internarial distance (
<quantity id="4CBC269DA7302545FB04F8BDFAD9FF22" box="[1206,1292,1795,1819]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A7302544FCE7F89CFD4EFF01" blockId="4.[825,1475,1262,1975]" lastBlockId="5.[113,763,1730,1974]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Dorsal body surface with glandular masses symmetrically distributed along the midline. Dorsum glandular, particularly around the parotoid region anteriorly and laterally, glands not coalesced into recognizable parotoid gland. Glandular masses circular, ≤
<quantity id="4CBC269DA7302545FADDF83EFA6BFFA1" box="[1391,1470,1920,1944]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, shown as darker or lighter coloured areas on dorsum. Ventral skin granular. Vent relatively smooth, lacking ornamentation or spines, ventrally displaced, with overhanging dorsal skin flap. A lateral incision on the ventral side, and on ventral side of the right thigh, with ~
<quantity id="4CBC269DA7312544FF32F89EFF12FF01" box="[128,199,1824,1848]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
×
<quantity id="4CBC269DA7312544FF52F89EFEFEFF01" box="[224,299,1824,1848]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
strip of skin and musculature missing.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A7312544FFC3F9E0FD68FEAB" blockId="5.[113,1451,1630,1683]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B930576AA7312544FFC3F9E0FF1CFE4F" bold="true" box="[113,201,1630,1654]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Artistic rendition of
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA7312544FE3CF9E0FD51FE4F" authorityName="Liedtke &amp; Malonza &amp; Wasonga &amp; Müller &amp; Loader" authorityYear="2024" box="[398,644,1630,1654]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Kenyaphrynoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulcani">
<emphasis id="B930576AA7312544FE3CF9E0FD51FE4F" bold="true" box="[398,644,1630,1654]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Kenyaphrynoides vulcani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A). Drawing of a dorsal view of the less hand of the holotype (B), and dorsal (C) and ventral (D) photographs of the holotype prior to preservation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A7312544FF3FF8FEFA49FF8C" blockId="5.[113,763,1730,1974]" lastBlockId="5.[810,1460,1730,1973]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Arms moderate in size, with slightly thickened forearms, barred brown and cream. Fingers moderately long, lacking webbing, with expanded spatulate tips on fingers
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7312544FDEBF8C1FDA7FFAF" box="[601,626,1919,1942]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">III</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7312544FDCDF8C1FD44FFAF" box="[639,657,1919,1942]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. Finger
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7312544FD5AF8C1FD2FFFAF" box="[744,762,1919,1942]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">II</collectionCode>
blunted and somewhat flaưened, but tip not expanded. Palm with enlarged basal tubercle. Ŋin, elongated tubercle at base of thumb (finger
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7312544FC0FF95CFC07FEC3" box="[957,978,1762,1786]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">II</collectionCode>
). Smaller tubercles present on each finger joint. Finger
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7312544FCC1F8BFFC50FF21" box="[883,901,1793,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">II</collectionCode>
shorter than
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,
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7312544FB88F8BFFB86FF21" box="[1082,1107,1793,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">IV</collectionCode>
, and
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;
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7312544FB18F8BFFB10FF21" box="[1194,1221,1793,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">III</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7312544FB48F8BFFADEFF21" box="[1274,1291,1793,1816]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
equal in length, finger
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7312544FCDCF89FFC5DFF01" box="[878,904,1825,1848]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">IV</collectionCode>
longest (
<quantity id="4CBC269DA7312544FC5EF89EFB87FF01" box="[1004,1106,1824,1848]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.58" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="15.8">15.8 mm</quantity>
). Black spines resembling nuptial pads with papillary epidermal projections (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5F689A7312544FAB4F8FEFA7DFF61" author="Luna MC &amp; McDiarmid RW &amp; Faivovich J" box="[1286,1448,1856,1880]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="403 - 46" refId="ref8351" refString="Luna MC, McDiarmid RW, Faivovich J. From erotic excrescences to pheromone shots: structure and diversity of nuptial pads in anurans. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 2018; 124: 403 - 46." type="journal article" year="2018">
Luna
<emphasis id="B930576AA7312544FAF3F8FEFABAFF61" box="[1345,1391,1856,1880]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
) on dorsal surface of first joint on finger
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7312544FB0FF8E1FB05FF4F" box="[1213,1232,1887,1910]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">II</collectionCode>
, ~
<quantity id="4CBC269DA7312544FB5AF8E1FAC8FF4E" box="[1256,1309,1887,1911]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="20.0">20 in</quantity>
total, grouped but not overlapping (
<figureCitation id="137F97FDA7312544FBB9F8C0FB86FFAF" box="[1035,1107,1918,1942]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[116,1454,145,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-182@5.[114,1458,144,1602]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Artistic rendition of Kenyaphrynoides vulcani (A). Drawing of a dorsal view of the less hand of the holotype (B), and dorsal (C) and ventral (D) photographs of the holotype prior to preservation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542110/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). A smaller number of spines coalescing at base of first finger tip. No spines on ventral surface.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3BDBF0A7322547FF33FAC2FEAEFD89" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542112" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542112/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[129,194,1404,1428]" targetBox="[129,1473,144,1375]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A7322547FF33FAC2FEAEFD89" blockId="6.[129,1327,1404,1456]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B930576AA7322547FF33FAC2FF0DFDAD" bold="true" box="[129,216,1404,1428]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral (C) views, and ventral aspect of right foot (D) and less hand (E) of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA7322547FF33FA26FEA3FD89" authorityName="Liedtke &amp; Malonza &amp; Wasonga &amp; Müller &amp; Loader" authorityYear="2024" box="[129,374,1432,1456]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Kenyaphrynoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulcani">
<emphasis id="B930576AA7322547FF33FA26FEA3FD89" bold="true" box="[129,374,1432,1456]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kenyaphrynoides vulcani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A7322547FF2EFA50FE01FED8" blockId="6.[128,778,1517,1855]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Legs long, with tibiotarsal articulation reaching level of snout. With a larger, broadly oval inner tubercle at base of toe I and a smaller, more elongated outer tubercle at base of toe
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7322547FD24F992FD72FE7A" box="[662,679,1580,1603]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. Inner tubercle about double the size of outer tubercle (see
<figureCitation id="137F97FDA7322547FDCBF9F5FD11FE5A" box="[633,708,1611,1635]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[129,194,1404,1428]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1375]" captionTargetId="figure-279@6.[129,1473,144,1376]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. Lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral (C) views, and ventral aspect of right foot (D) and less hand (E) of the holotype of Kenyaphrynoides vulcani." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542112/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
). Toes relatively long, thin, lacking webbing apart from a thin fringe at the base of each toe. Toe
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7322547FE38F934FE71FE98" box="[394,420,1674,1697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">IV</collectionCode>
longest (
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), with
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7322547FD1DF934FD1EFE98" box="[687,715,1674,1697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">III</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7322547FD65F934FD32FE98" box="[727,743,1674,1697]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA7322547FD40F934FCD0FE98" box="[754,773,1674,1697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">II</collectionCode>
, and I in descending order of length. Tips of toes slightly swollen and expanded, spatulate in shape.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A7322547FF2EF956FE2BFF07" blockId="6.[128,778,1517,1855]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Specimen moưled brown and cream dorsally, with darker brown moưling anteriorly. Snout dark brown. Legs barred brown and cream. Ventral side cream.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A7322547FF32F8DEFBD8FEBB" blockId="6.[128,777,1888,1975]" lastBlockId="6.[825,1474,1517,1666]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B930576AA7322547FF32F8DEFE5BFF41" box="[128,398,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Coloration of species in life:</emphasis>
Ŋe dorsum dark brown, with light green patches. Light green coloration more dominant on lateral sides. Ŋe background colour of upper surfaces of arms and legs light green with three dark bands (two on femur and one on tibia, ~
<quantity id="4CBC269DA7322547FC33F9B3FC6EFE1D" box="[897,955,1549,1573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
in thickness). Venter beige, with pinkish coloration on groin, chest, and neck. Ŋroat whitish, especially margins of jaws. Prominent white-tipped glandular warts scaưered across vent, fewer on limbs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A7322549FC8BF91AFE31F99B" blockId="6.[825,1475,1700,1974]" lastBlockId="8.[129,778,144,1609]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B930576AA7322547FC8BF91AFBDCFE85" box="[825,1033,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Skeletal morphology:</emphasis>
Skull nearly as long as wide, with bluntly pointed snout formed by nasals and premaxillae (
<figureCitation id="137F97FDA7322547FAF5F97DFA46FEE2" box="[1351,1427,1731,1755]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="7.[113,178,1550,1574]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-188@7.[114,1458,144,1522]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 5. Dorsal (A), lateral (B), and ventral (C) view of the skull, and dorsal (D) and ventral (E) view of the whole skeleton of the holotype of Kenyaphrynoides vulcani. Features indicated are the cleithrum (cl), coracoid (co), premaxilla (pmx), prootic (pro), sphenethmoid (sph), squamosal (sq), and suprascapula (ssc)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542114/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
). In lateral view, dorsal side of skull tapers slightly towards tip of snout, ending abruptly, with alary processes of premaxillae nearly vertical. Jaw articulation slightly below anterior end of otic capsule. Dorsally exposed part of nasal longer than wide, forming anterior-most border of orbit. Edges of the nasal, especially anteriorly and posteriorly, irregular. Sphenethmoid single, poorly ossified, almost completely exposed dorsally. Frontoparietal with somewhat irregular medial edge; both nasal and frontoparietal not in contact with their antimeres medially. Prootic poorly ossified. Ossified columella or operculum absent. Premaxilla toothless, alary process relatively broad and short (about half as wide as long), widely separated from nasal and about as long as pars dentalis. Palatine shelf of premaxilla with deep, V-shaped medial notch. Septomaxilla small, with median notch, slim, pointed dorsal process, and more broad, blunt posterior process. Maxilla toothless, terminating posteriorly somewhat before otic region. Ŋe quadratojugal relatively thin, with an expanded, knob-shaped posterior end, not in direct contact with maxilla. Pterygoid relatively broad and stout, with more slender posterior ramus extending ventrally towards jaw articulation to about level of end of squamosal; a slightly shorter, broader medial ramus extends towards, but terminates well before, the prootic. Palatine slender, slightly curved, isolated rod on right side of skull, slightly longer and contacting pterygoid on less side. Vomer relatively short, stout, with weakly developed, triangular lateral process. Cultriform process of parasphenoid broadest immediately anterior of prootic and gradually narrowing anteriorly, ending with irregularly shaped, broadly rounded tip that narrowly overlaps with posterior edge of sphenethmoid ventrally. Lateral processes of parasphenoid slightly more than twice as long as wide, angled backwards by ~10°. Squamosal triradiate: a long ventral ramus increases in width towards jaw articulation, ending there in a broadly rounded arch; an otic ramus slightly longer than half the ventral ramus, tapering to a point slightly above midline of otic fenestra; a short, broad zygomatic ramus about half the length of otic ramus.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A7332546FFC3F9B0FE3CFE67" blockId="7.[113,1432,1550,1630]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B930576AA7332546FFC3F9B0FF1DFE1F" bold="true" box="[113,200,1550,1574]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Dorsal (A), lateral (B), and ventral (C) view of the skull, and dorsal (D) and ventral (E) view of the whole skeleton of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA7332546FF3BF994FEAAFE7B" authorityName="Liedtke &amp; Malonza &amp; Wasonga &amp; Müller &amp; Loader" authorityYear="2024" box="[137,383,1578,1602]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Kenyaphrynoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulcani">
<emphasis id="B930576AA7332546FF3BF994FEAAFE7B" bold="true" box="[137,383,1578,1602]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Kenyaphrynoides vulcani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Features indicated are the cleithrum (cl), coracoid (co), premaxilla (pmx), prootic (pro), sphenethmoid (sph), squamosal (sq), and suprascapula (ssc).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A73C2549FF2EFE14FE66FAA4" blockId="8.[129,778,144,1609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Eight presacral vertebrae, with transverse processes on presacral vertebrae 2–8. Ŋese are directed anterolaterally on vertebra 2, slightly posterolaterally on vertebra 3, posterolaterally on vertebrae 4 and 5, and roughly laterally on vertebrae 6–8. Sacral diapophyses broadly triangular, about twice as wide laterally as medially, with the lateral width about double the width of centrum. Urostyle relatively straight and even, with slight, rounded dorsal keel on its anterior half.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A73C2549FF2EFD1AFE76FC2C" blockId="8.[129,778,144,1609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pectoral girdle comprises clavicle, coracoid, scapula, and suprascapula; ossified sternum and omosternum absent. Clavicle slender, gently curved, extending medially almost to midline of pectoral girdle, without contact with its antimer. Coracoid relatively broad, with enlarged lateral and medial ends, with medial end being ~2.5 times the width of narrowest part of coracoid. Scapula directed dorsolaterally and relatively stout, with greatest width being about two-thirds its length. Suprascapula rather robust, slightly longer than scapula, distinctly L-shaped. Slightly offset positions of coracoids in cross-section suggest an arciferal girdle, but exact anatomy is difficult to assess from uncontrasted computed tomography scan.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A73C2549FF2EFBA2FE60FC8B" blockId="8.[129,778,144,1609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pelvic girdle consists of ilium, ischium, and pubis, with pubis only weakly ossified. Ilium, ischium, and pubis not sutured or fused; acetabulum not completely ossified. Ilium and ischium seem well ossified; pubis smallest and seemingly less well ossified; no crest on shass of ilium.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A73C2549FF2EFB07FE0BFE71" blockId="8.[129,778,144,1609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Ŋe humerus is subtly longer than radioulna, with low dorsal crest extending medially from its lateral end for about two-thirds its length; with broad flange-like crest anteromedially, extending for about one-quarter to one-third the length of humerus. Carpal elements only poorly ossified; phalangeal formula 2-2-3-3 on manus; terminal phalanges broadly expanded, T-shaped terminally on fingers
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA73C2549FEA4FACBFEFBFDB5" box="[278,302,1397,1420]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">III</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA73C2549FE89FACBFE99FDB5" box="[315,332,1397,1420]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
, less pronounced on finger
<collectionCode id="ED5513BDA73C2549FDD7FACBFDACFDB5" box="[613,633,1397,1420]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">II</collectionCode>
. T-shape with broad crossbar, giving it a more chisel-like appearance. Femur and tibiofibula near equal in length. A small and a tiny sesamoid are present at ankle joint. Tibiale and fibulare equal in length, tibiale subtly more slender in width. Phalangeal formula 2-2-3- 4-3 on pes, with distal tips of distal phalanges broadly expanded, but less extensively than in manus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A73C2549FF33F9D4FE6FFF44" blockId="8.[129,778,1642,1980]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FF33F9D4FE7FFEBB" box="[129,426,1642,1666]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Habitat and natural history:</emphasis>
Ŋe specimen was collected in September, during the dry season, and midday temperatures were relatively hot. It was collected in a pitfall trap in a moist indigenous montane forest with streams nearby (Supporting Information,
<figureCitation id="137F97FDA73C2549FEBAF959FE98FF39" box="[264,333,1767,1792]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[137,1463,150,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-8@2.[132,1470,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Map of Eastern Africa showing the distribution of Kenyaphrynoides vulcani and related bufonid genera (red polygons). Spatial data were obtained from the IUCN Red List (2022). Also shown are the approximate traces of the Western and Eastern branches of the East African Riss system (translucent white polygons)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542106/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. S1</figureCitation>
). Ŋe habitat had a good amount of dry leaf liưer, moss-covered tree trunks, and fallen logs. Ŋe nights and beưer parts of the morning had heavy mist cover, and the forest received some amount of rain in the assernoons within the week when the specimen was found.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A73C2549FF2EF83AFB53FAE2" blockId="8.[129,778,1642,1980]" lastBlockId="8.[825,1475,143,825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Ŋe forest and moorlands of Mount
<collectingCountry id="F353CBE8A73C2549FDADF83BFDB5FFA4" box="[543,608,1925,1949]" name="Kenya" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Kenya</collectingCountry>
have been sampled for amphibians in various locations (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5F689A73C2549FDD1F81DFD2CFF82" author="Malonza PK" box="[611,761,1955,1979]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="342 - 7" refId="ref8390" refString="Malonza PK. Pauerns of reptile and amphibian species richness along elevational gradients in Mt Kenya. Dong wu xue yan jiu = Zoological research 2015; 36: 342 - 7." type="journal article" year="2015">Malonza 2015</bibRefCitation>
). In brief, surveys in 2008, 2009, 2015, 2017, and 2019 sampled forest blocks including Naro Moru, Chogoria, Irangi, Sirimon, and Kamweti between elevations of 1550 and
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and yielded 84 anuran individuals in total (
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,
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).
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FBBDFEB3FADCF91C" authorityName="Liedtke &amp; Malonza &amp; Wasonga &amp; Müller &amp; Loader" authorityYear="2024" box="[1039,1289,269,293]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Kenyaphrynoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulcani">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FBBDFEB3FADCF91C" box="[1039,1289,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Kenyaphrynoides vulcani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(one individual) was found within the Chogoria forest with five other species:
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FC8BFEF5FAB3F95D" authority="Richards and Schiotz, 1977" authorityName="Richards and Schiotz" authorityYear="1977" box="[825,1382,331,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cystocandicans">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FC8BFEF5FBECF95A" box="[825,1081,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hyperolius cystocandicans</emphasis>
Richards and Schiøtz, 1977
</taxonomicName>
(seven),
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FC8BFED5FBA2F9BA" authority="(Boulenger, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[825,1143,363,387]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Amietia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nuti">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FC8BFED5FC6DF9BB" box="[825,952,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amietia nuti</emphasis>
(Boulenger, 1896)
</taxonomicName>
(two),
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FB0DFED5FA50F9BB" box="[1215,1413,363,387]" class="Amphibia" family="Phrynobatrachidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FB0DFED5FAB0F9BA" box="[1215,1381,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phrynobatrachus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(one)
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FC8BFE34FB7AF99B" authority="(Angel, 1924)" baseAuthorityName="Angel" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[825,1199,394,418]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanus">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FC8BFE34FBDBF99B" box="[825,1038,394,418]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hyperolius montanus</emphasis>
(Angel, 1924)
</taxonomicName>
(five), and
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FA86FE34FC19F9FB" authority="(Angel, 1924)" baseAuthorityName="Angel" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Amietia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="witei">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FA86FE34FA17F99B" box="[1332,1474,394,418]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amietia witei</emphasis>
(Angel, 1924)
</taxonomicName>
(three). Surveys across all forest blocks gave cumulative numbers of specimens including:
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FB5EFE77FAB9F9D9" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1260,1388,457,480]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Amietia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nuti">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FB5EFE77FAB9F9D9" box="[1260,1388,457,480]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amietia nuti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(seven),
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FC8BFE56FC13FA39" baseAuthorityName="Angel" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[825,966,488,512]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Amietia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="witei">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FC8BFE56FC13FA39" box="[825,966,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amietia witei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(17),
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FBA3FE56FC1BFA26" authority="Channing and Schmitz, 2009" authorityName="Channing and Schmitz" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Cacosternum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kinangopensis">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FBA3FE56FAF7FA39" box="[1041,1314,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cacosternum kinangopensis</emphasis>
Channing and Schmitz, 2009
</taxonomicName>
(12),
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FBA6FDB9FAC6FA26" authorityName="Richards and Schiotz" authorityYear="1977" box="[1044,1299,519,543]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cystocandicans">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FBA6FDB9FAC6FA26" box="[1044,1299,519,543]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hyperolius cystocandicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(32),
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FAEBFDB9FBE4FA06" authority="(Angel, 1924)" baseAuthorityName="Angel" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanus">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FAEBFDB9FC4CFA07" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hyperolius montanus</emphasis>
(Angel, 1924)
</taxonomicName>
(15),
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FBC1FD99FAB2FA06" authorityName="Liedtke &amp; Malonza &amp; Wasonga &amp; Müller &amp; Loader" authorityYear="2024" box="[1139,1383,551,575]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Kenyaphrynoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulcani">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FBC1FD99FAB2FA06" box="[1139,1383,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Kenyaphrynoides vulcani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1), and
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FC8BFDF8FBD5FA67" box="[825,1024,582,606]" class="Amphibia" family="Phrynobatrachidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FC8BFDF8FC0AFA67" box="[825,991,582,606]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phrynobatrachus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(1). It is interesting to note the relative rarity of
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FCE7FDD8FC6FFA44" authorityName="Liedtke &amp; Malonza &amp; Wasonga &amp; Müller &amp; Loader" authorityYear="2024" box="[853,954,613,637]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Kenyaphrynoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulcani">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FCE7FDD8FC6FFA44" box="[853,954,613,637]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">K. vulcani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in comparison to most other species collected on Mount
<collectingCountry id="F353CBE8A73C2549FC35FD3BFC1EFAA4" box="[903,971,645,669]" name="Kenya" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Kenya</collectingCountry>
. Whether this reflects the difficulties in observations, or a small, potentially declining population is difficult to say but requires further research.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A73C2549FCE7FD5DFBECFB00" blockId="8.[825,1475,143,825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
No observations of the breeding biology of
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FA96FD5DFA5CFAC2" authorityName="Liedtke &amp; Malonza &amp; Wasonga &amp; Müller &amp; Loader" authorityYear="2024" box="[1316,1417,739,763]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Kenyaphrynoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulcani">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FA96FD5DFA5CFAC2" box="[1316,1417,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">K. vulcani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were made other than the presence of nuptial spines on the single specimen that was collected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A73C2549FC8BFCE5FB97FB4A" blockId="8.[825,1090,859,883]" box="[825,1090,859,883]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FC8BFCE5FC17FB4A" box="[825,962,859,883]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Vocalizations:</emphasis>
Not known.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A73C2549FC8BFC2AFBF3FC32" blockId="8.[825,1474,916,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FC8BFC2AFC7DFB95" box="[825,936,916,940]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Etymology:</emphasis>
Ŋe name
<taxonomicName id="4C44F0FBA73C2549FB92FC2AFBB3FB95" authorityName="Liedtke &amp; Malonza &amp; Wasonga &amp; Müller &amp; Loader" authorityYear="2024" box="[1056,1126,916,940]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Kenyaphrynoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulcani">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FB92FC2AFBB3FB95" box="[1056,1126,916,940]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vulcani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is in reference to the more recent, volcanic origins of Mount
<collectingCountry id="F353CBE8A73C2549FBFFFC0AFB45FBF5" box="[1101,1168,948,972]" name="Kenya" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, the only locality from which this species is known. Ŋe species name is a noun in the genitive form (‘of the volcano’).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB8B78A73C2549FC8BFB92FB15FC7D" blockId="8.[825,1216,1068,1092]" box="[825,1216,1068,1092]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B930576AA73C2549FC8BFB92FC00FC7D" box="[825,981,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Common name:</emphasis>
Kenyan Volcano toad.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:roleTerm id="D72DF4D0EBACD5747195EA51EF70B132">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="28E8340512A4AC9AAC2ED32ED5B9FC39">Tjaturadi, Burhan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A24CBBC4E7EEC736F0FE17D0BF7A0EE0">Center of Environment Studies, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C9F7E08675F8FF24F30A375E38614389" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FAE4804E370542F8FF242339A32986E4">
<mods:roleTerm id="B6723D3B8BC5F0E702544DB492F87287">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0C9EE5FBA93E86741428A11E8395CE66">Ŋébaud, Christophe</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7FF7A9CF0DA8A6628F8D0B3AFA5BBA61">Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Bâtiment 4 R 1, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 cedex 9 Toulouse, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="46E61CC402634FDBC4ECE4AAB411EE62" type="personal">
<mods:role id="90502049AF23E2D318BB3EE125FD14C3">
<mods:roleTerm id="7DBD7B5AC8F53712F1B10E8642DC4001">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D96C4CD3F5C79C76324E3B8626A3E1DD">Gaucher, Philippe</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2B1889AC938514431977DB2A0626778B">Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens (LEEISA), USR 3456, Cayenne, French Guiana</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B2556837B00274AA4E403BDF8203537E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F9B8F099A53670CA8B2CF5AC46858AEE">
<mods:roleTerm id="2A39EA13FB91B0DFD584E561B4451241">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="028F03DFEA613F676D8CD40327C980CF">Fouquet, Antoine</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5A6467B60C969159ACAA8F17586BC9CD">Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Bâtiment 4 R 1, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 cedex 9 Toulouse, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="65A4DB35A65C58D4D6D661B13137753B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="277E2F9F636879A56D3FFDF5962360E4">
<mods:title id="E8A49A687688E7C659FC2414C75B2443">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7C1071F5F5BFBE804924925D1FF26FF7">
<mods:date id="F457BA81C473F6F19F3E0E6BC285032C">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="E82BCF9EA2C9DBA5120AC6DDDA81F583" type="series">
<mods:title id="C0B1732C24776B281AC7B07401600CEE">Zool. J. Linn. Soc.</mods:title>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E2731A7BBD758CD08F56984CE3EC4873" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="3B6DD83F21684262E1B9684F2E679A0D">2023-12-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="DCDCC90C48B1FA6B25D6D65F00BB1721" type="volume">
<mods:number id="ABD017670C760869657B99CD6E109C4C">202</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F9CCDBF064C4EA6FA33A5CFB336D6879">2</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="1ED0F49DEE8F0876B715A590E69471AB" unit="page">
<mods:start id="3C2087508796107586BB1898C3B0CF4B">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="3340CDC29F6F967E1EBE2E73BFDB3F82">22</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="5682D35C1A33597DD96AED84E99C7260">
<mods:url id="E02A3C96ED528BD6FDD033A0E41A423C">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad168</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="B0CBB337DE5FD79D56AE181E99CF823E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8E2E3DCFCD65D6C31B8A8777664906FC" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad168</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="502287EEE27FA8DCBE82AC9F88F85277" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E4E887D66CB2294A31B757854D0E79DA" type="Zenodo-Dep">14542157</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DB38FDD03E5A09EBFF51535EF4ED70D8" type="ZooBank">205A49A-A66E-466E-8D6D-CBA702798B0A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03FE87D8FFB4E27A8C2EFA15FAF57FAF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87D8FFB4E27A8C2EFA15FAF57FAF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87D8FFB4E27A8C2EFA15FAF57FAF" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<subSubSection id="C34D6545FFB4E2788C2EFA15FDAC79F5" box="[285,590,1447,1474]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB4E2788C2EFA15FDAC79F5" blockId="13.[285,590,1447,1474]" box="[285,590,1447,1474]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="D0A081A2FFB4E2788C2EFA15FDAC79F5" bold="true" box="[285,590,1447,1474]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB4E2788C2EFA15FDAC79F5" bold="true" box="[285,590,1447,1474]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB4E2788C2EFA15FE1F79F5" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[285,509,1447,1474]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lengguru" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB4E2788C2EFA15FE1F79F5" bold="true" box="[285,509,1447,1474]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Hylophorbus lengguru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A7FFB4E2788F31FA1AFDAC79F5" box="[514,590,1448,1474]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D6545FFB4E27A8CBCFA66FAF57FAF" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB4E2788CBCFA66FE3F79D9" blockId="13.[399,477,1492,1518]" box="[399,477,1492,1518]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB4E2788CBCFA66FE3F79D9" bold="true" box="[399,477,1492,1518]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
(
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB4E2788CAAFA66FE3079D9" box="[409,466,1492,1518]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1655,1679]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-103@14.[129,1473,144,1627]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Hylophorbus lengguru holotype MZB.Amph.24 334. A, dorsal view in preservative.B, ventral view in preservative. C, lateral view in preservative. D, sonograms and their corresponding oscillograms of a call and a single note (leħ and right, respectively).E, palm of the hand and sole of the foot in preservative.F–H, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (F), dorsal view of the thigh (G), and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542169/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB4E2788D42F9A7FD647A9D" blockId="13.[113,763,1557,1706]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<materialsCitation id="3B3F3C93FFB4E2788D42F9A7FD647A9D" collectingDate="2014-10-24" collectionCode="MZB" collectorName="Antoine Fouquet" country="Indonesia" county="Triton Bay" elevation="392" latitude="-3.716" location="Lobo village" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="134.0688" municipality="Lamansiere Mountain" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="EAA304" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Papua Barat" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB4E2788D42F9A7FE447A1A" box="[113,422,1557,1581]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFB4E2788D42F9A7FF2E7A1A" box="[113,204,1557,1581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB4E2788DEDF9A7FEF77A1A" box="[222,277,1557,1581]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.Amph.24 334
</emphasis>
(field number
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), adult male, collected by
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB4E2788C1DF986FE3C7A7C" box="[302,478,1588,1612]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Antoine Fouquet</collectorName>
and Philippe Gaucher, near
<location id="8E886015FFB4E2788D42F9E1FF0D7A5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87D8FFB4E27A8C2EFA15FAF57FAF:8E886015FFB4E2788D42F9E1FF0D7A5C" box="[113,239,1619,1643]" country="Indonesia" county="Triton Bay" latitude="-3.716" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="134.0688" municipality="Lamansiere Mountain" name="Lobo village" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Papua Barat">Lobo village</location>
on
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8CACB4FFB4E2788C20F9E1FE147A5C" box="[275,502,1619,1643]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Lamansiere Mountain</collectingMunicipality>
, in the Lengguru foldbelt,
<collectingCounty id="62894E42FFB4E2788D42F9C1FF027ABC" box="[113,224,1651,1675]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Triton Bay</collectingCounty>
, Kaimana Regency,
<collectingRegion id="4993F82CFFB4E2788C83F9C1FD687ABC" box="[432,650,1651,1675]" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">West Papua province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F340765EFFB4E2788FA6F9C1FD187ABC" box="[661,762,1651,1675]" name="Indonesia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE635009FFB4E2788DEEF920FEA37A9D" box="[221,321,1682,1706]" degrees="134.0688" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="5" value="134.0688">134.0688</geoCoordinate>
;
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<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB4E2788C79F920FE697A9E" box="[330,395,1682,1706]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.92" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="392.0">392 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
),
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<collectingDate id="EFADE9E6FFB4E2788CE1F920FD617A9D" box="[466,643,1682,1706]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2014-10-24">24 October 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB4E2788D42F97EFD747B76" blockId="13.[113,764,1739,1857]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<materialsCitation id="3B3F3C93FFB4E2788D42F97EFE437B34" collectionCode="MZB" elevation="291" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" typeStatus="Paratopotypes">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB4E2788D42F97EFEE17AD4" box="[113,259,1740,1763]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFB4E2788D42F97EFF1F7AD4" box="[113,253,1740,1763]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="paratopotype">Paratopotypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D51FD47FFB4E2788C39F979FE917AD4" box="[266,371,1739,1763]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="adult">One adult</specimenCount>
male, collected at
<elevation id="007AD1FDFFB4E2788F05F979FD4E7AD4" box="[566,684,1739,1763]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.91" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="291.0">
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB4E2788F05F979FD9B7AD4" box="[566,633,1739,1763]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.91" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="291.0">291 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
(
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB4E2788F89F979FD147AD4" box="[698,758,1739,1763]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
. Amph.24 333, EAA281), and
</materialsCitation>
<specimenCount id="9D51FD47FFB4E2788C94F959FDF47B34" box="[423,534,1771,1795]" count="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="adult">three adult</specimenCount>
males and
<materialsCitation id="3B3F3C93FFB4E2788FB9F959FD707B76" collectionCode="MZB" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="EAA305- 7, EAA338" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Paratopotypes">
<specimenCount id="9D51FD47FFB4E2788FB9F959FD187B34" box="[650,762,1771,1795]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
collected with the
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFB4E2788C01F8B8FE717B15" box="[306,403,1802,1826]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB4E2788CAEF8B8FE347B15" box="[413,470,1802,1826]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.Amph.24 335–7 (
<specimenCode id="DBF19EB5FFB4E2788FA2F8B8FF627B76" collectionCode="EAA" country="Estonia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13004" name="Estonian Agricultural University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Herbarium">EAA305– 7</specimenCode>
; males) and
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB4E2788C33F89BFEDB7B76" box="[256,313,1833,1857]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.Amph.24 338 (
<specimenCode id="DBF19EB5FFB4E2788CE8F89BFDDA7B76" box="[475,568,1833,1857]" collectionCode="EAA" country="Estonia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13004" name="Estonian Agricultural University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Herbarium">EAA338</specimenCode>
; female)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB4E2788D42F8D1FAA67D31" blockId="13.[113,762,1891,1978]" lastBlockId="13.[810,1460,144,262]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<materialsCitation id="3B3F3C93FFB4E2788D42F8D1FAA27D31" collectingDate="2014-11-11" collectionCode="MZB" country="Indonesia" county="Kaimana Regency" elevation="400" latitude="-3.3653" location="Nree" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="133.8382" municipality="Tuguwara" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="EAA457, EAA470, EAA475, EAA465, EAA467" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Papua Barat" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB4E2788D42F8D1FF3A7B4D" box="[113,216,1891,1914]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFB4E2788D42F8D1FF317B4D" box="[113,211,1891,1914]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8E886015FFB4E2788DD8F8D1FEC47B4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87D8FFB4E27A8C2EFA15FAF57FAF:8E886015FFB4E2788DD8F8D1FEC47B4C" box="[235,294,1891,1915]" country="Indonesia" county="Kaimana Regency" latitude="-3.3653" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="133.8382" municipality="Tuguwara" name="Nree" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Papua Barat">Ŋree</location>
adult males and
<specimenCount id="9D51FD47FFB4E2788F36F8D1FD697B4C" box="[517,651,1891,1915]" count="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
collected the
<date id="FFE9100EFFB4E2788D93F830FE957BAD" box="[160,375,1922,1946]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2014-11-11">
<collectingDate id="EFADE9E6FFB4E2788D93F830FE957BAD" box="[160,375,1922,1946]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2014-11-11">11 November 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB4E2788CBBF830FE337BAD" box="[392,465,1922,1946]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
southeast of
<location id="8E886015FFB4E2788F5DF830FD457BAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87D8FFB4E27A8C2EFA15FAF57FAF:8E886015FFB4E2788F5DF830FD457BAD" box="[622,679,1922,1946]" country="Indonesia" county="Kaimana Regency" latitude="-3.3653" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="133.8382" municipality="Tuguwara" name="Urisa" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Papua Barat">Urisa</location>
, in the
<location id="8E886015FFB4E2788D42F810FF377B8D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87D8FFB4E27A8C2EFA15FAF57FAF:8E886015FFB4E2788D42F810FF377B8D" box="[113,213,1954,1978]" country="Indonesia" county="Kaimana Regency" latitude="-3.3653" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="133.8382" municipality="Tuguwara" name="Lengguru" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Papua Barat">Lengguru</location>
foldbelt,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8CACB4FFB4E2788C0DF810FE447B8D" box="[318,422,1954,1978]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tuguwara</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62894E42FFB4E2788C87F813FD907B8D" box="[436,626,1953,1978]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kaimana Regency</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="4993F82CFFB4E2788F4CF810FC677C9F" box="[639,901,144,1977]" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">West Papua province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F340765EFFB4E2788EA3FF22FC177C9F" box="[912,1013,144,168]" name="Indonesia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE635009FFB4E2788937FF22FBBC7C9F" box="[1028,1118,144,168]" degrees="3.3653" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="5" value="-3.3653">−3.3653</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE635009FFB4E278895AFF22FB2F7C9F" box="[1129,1229,144,168]" degrees="133.8382" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="5" value="133.8382">133.8382</geoCoordinate>
; ~
<elevation id="007AD1FDFFB4E27889D5FF22FA837C9F" box="[1254,1377,144,168]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="400.0">
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB4E27889D5FF22FAC97C90" box="[1254,1323,144,168]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
):
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB4E2788844FF22FA527C90" box="[1399,1456,144,167]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
. Amph.34 341 (
<specimenCode id="DBF19EB5FFB4E2788EFAFF1DFBC47CF0" box="[969,1062,175,199]" collectionCode="EAA" country="Estonia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13004" name="Estonian Agricultural University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Herbarium">EAA457</specimenCode>
; male),
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB4E2788945FF1DFB4D7CF0" box="[1142,1199,175,199]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.Amph.24 344 (
<specimenCode id="DBF19EB5FFB4E2788861FF1DFA4D7CF0" box="[1362,1455,175,199]" collectionCode="EAA" country="Estonia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13004" name="Estonian Agricultural University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Herbarium">EAA470</specimenCode>
; male), 24 345 (
<specimenCode id="DBF19EB5FFB4E2788EFAFF7CFBC47CD1" box="[969,1062,206,230]" collectionCode="EAA" country="Estonia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13004" name="Estonian Agricultural University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Herbarium">EAA475</specimenCode>
; male),
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB4E2788944FF7DFB527CD0" box="[1143,1200,207,231]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.Amph.24 342 (
<specimenCode id="DBF19EB5FFB4E2788861FF7CFA4D7CD1" box="[1362,1455,206,230]" collectionCode="EAA" country="Estonia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13004" name="Estonian Agricultural University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Herbarium">EAA465</specimenCode>
; female), and
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB4E2788E9CFF5CFC0A7D31" box="[943,1000,238,262]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.Amph.24 343 (
<specimenCode id="DBF19EB5FFB4E27889BAFF5CFB057D31" box="[1161,1255,238,262]" collectionCode="EAA" country="Estonia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13004" name="Estonian Agricultural University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Herbarium">EAA467</specimenCode>
; female)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB4E2788E19FE95FABC7DAA" blockId="13.[810,1459,295,413]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB4E2788E19FE95FC7B7D08" box="[810,921,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Etymology:</emphasis>
Ŋe specific epithet is a proper noun in apposition, referring to the collecting localities of the species, all located in the Lengguru foldbelt, and it also refers to the 2014 ‘Lengguru’ expedition, during which the specimens were collected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB4E2788E19FE0DFBC9783C" blockId="13.[810,1459,447,1035]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB4E2788E19FE0DFC727DE1" box="[810,912,447,470]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
A
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB4E2788E80FE0DFB627DE0" box="[947,1152,447,471]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB4E2788E80FE0DFBD37DE0" box="[947,1073,447,471]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Hylophorbus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
recognizable by the following unique combination of characters: (i) medium size (male SV = 24.0–29.0 mm; female SV =
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB4E27889A7FE4FFAC97E22" box="[1172,1323,509,533]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.885" metricValueMax="3.04" metricValueMin="2.73" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="28.85" valueMax="30.4" valueMin="27.3">27.3–30.4 mm</quantity>
); (ii) poorly developed, sometimes indistinct, basal subarticular tubercle on T4 and T5 (male 4st =.35–.
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB4E2788978FD8EFB747E64" box="[1099,1174,572,596]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
; female 4st =.
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB4E2788819FD8EFA977E64" box="[1322,1397,572,596]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
; male 5st =.49–.
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB4E2788EA4FDE9FC027E44" box="[919,992,603,627]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="59.0">59 mm</quantity>
; female 5st =.
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB4E2788944FDE9FB227E44" box="[1143,1216,603,627]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="46.0">46 mm</quantity>
); (iii) a thenar tubercle and two palmar tubercles, ovoid, at proximal edge of hand; (iv) absence of lateral stripe (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB4E2788910FD28FB687E85" box="[1059,1162,666,690]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1543,1567]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-205@12.[129,1473,144,1515]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Portraits in life. A, B, Hylophorbus monophonus. A, paratype MZB.Amph.24 346 (male).B, MZB.Amph.24 347 (female). C–F, Hylophorbus lengguru. C, paratype MZB.Amph.24 333 (male). D, MZB.Amph.24 335 (male). E, MZB.Amph.24 336 (male). F, MZB. Amph.24 341 (male). Photographs by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542167/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 5C–F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB4E27889A7FD28FB4D7E85" box="[1172,1199,666,690]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1655,1679]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-103@14.[129,1473,144,1627]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Hylophorbus lengguru holotype MZB.Amph.24 334. A, dorsal view in preservative.B, ventral view in preservative. C, lateral view in preservative. D, sonograms and their corresponding oscillograms of a call and a single note (leħ and right, respectively).E, palm of the hand and sole of the foot in preservative.F–H, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (F), dorsal view of the thigh (G), and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542169/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">6F</figureCitation>
); (v) dark brown or black lumbar ocellus, with reddish anterior margin fading towards a ‘crescent’-shaped blackish brown blotch on anterior flank; (vi) yellow and red pigmentation of various intensity around lumbar ocellus and acromial region; (vii) bright yellow groin, axilla, and yellow flecks on rear of thigh; (viii) overall drab whitish yellow coloration on abdomen and ventral surfaces of legs; (ix) well-defined black spot of variable size on superior edge of eye, aligned with vertical dark pigmentation of iris; and (x) calls of one to six single-pulse notes (mean = 3) with an upward frequency modulation (dominant frequency ~1.13 kHz) and up to five harmonics (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB4E2788EFCFC41FBF8783C" box="[975,1050,1011,1035]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1655,1679]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-103@14.[129,1473,144,1627]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Hylophorbus lengguru holotype MZB.Amph.24 334. A, dorsal view in preservative.B, ventral view in preservative. C, lateral view in preservative. D, sonograms and their corresponding oscillograms of a call and a single note (leħ and right, respectively).E, palm of the hand and sole of the foot in preservative.F–H, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (F), dorsal view of the thigh (G), and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542169/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB4E2788E19FB81FBD67B2C" blockId="13.[810,1460,1074,1976]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB4E2788E19FB81FBDB787D" box="[810,1081,1074,1098]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Description of the
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFB4E2788ED3FB80FBD7787D" box="[992,1077,1074,1098]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
Adult male (for measurements, see Supporting Information, Table S7). Head as wide as long (HL/ HW =.98); nares directed laterally, closer to tip of snout than to eye, internarial distance larger than distance from nostril to anterior edge of eye (EN/IN =.63); snout acute in lateral view, rounded in dorsal view, slightly pointed. Eye moderately large (EY/SV =.13). Tympanum large (TY/SV =.08, TY/ EY =.65), supratympanic fold inconspicuous, outlined by a black line overlaid by a triangular black–brown coloration, pointing ventrally. Skin finely granular with sparse flat tubercles on dorsal surfaces, smooth on ventral surfaces. Fingers unwebbed, relative lengths 3&gt; 4&gt; 2&gt; 1, nearly the same for F1, F2, and F4; fingers with slightly expanded truncate discs, all with circum-marginal grooves. Subarticular tubercles on all fingers, well developed; thenar tubercle and two palmar tubercles present, ovoid, well developed, at proximal edge of palm, with inner palmar tubercle located slightly more anteriorly. Toes unwebbed, relative lengths 4&gt; 3&gt; 5&gt; 2&gt; 1; discs on T1 and T5 slightly expanded, ~1.5 times wider than penultimate phalanges, discs much larger on T2–T4, ~3 times wider than penultimate phalanges, all with circum-marginal grooves. Subarticular tubercles mostly developed on T1–T3, basal subarticular tubercles indistinct on T4–T5, inner metatarsal tubercle ovoid, well developed, others lacking.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB4E27A8E76F890FDF57D72" blockId="13.[810,1460,1074,1976]" lastBlockId="15.[113,763,144,325]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Posterior dorsum to inter-orbital region brown, anterodorsal head with scaưered dark brown spots; very thin vertebral skin ridge extending from tip of snout to urostyle. Ventral half of flank overall pale grey, sharply contrasted with dorsum. Small speckles of black, yellow, grey, and white extend from anterior flank to anterior abdomen. Large anterolateral ‘crescent’-shaped blotch and lumbar ocellus both black, middle flank region red, with scaưered black spots (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB7E27B8C83F8E3FE1F7B5E" box="[432,509,1873,1897]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1655,1679]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-103@14.[129,1473,144,1627]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Hylophorbus lengguru holotype MZB.Amph.24 334. A, dorsal view in preservative.B, ventral view in preservative. C, lateral view in preservative. D, sonograms and their corresponding oscillograms of a call and a single note (leħ and right, respectively).E, palm of the hand and sole of the foot in preservative.F–H, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (F), dorsal view of the thigh (G), and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542169/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
). Posterodorsal forelimb and posteroventral and anterodorsal edge of eye reddish, upper arm with strong red pigmentation; lateral snout and under eye both blackish brown. Chin, throat, chest, and anterior portion of abdomen drab white heavily moưled with brown, with scattered light grey flecks; distinct dark brown blotch on each side of posterior submandibular region (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB7E27B8982F8C3FAFE7BBF" box="[1201,1308,1905,1929]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1655,1679]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-103@14.[129,1473,144,1627]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Hylophorbus lengguru holotype MZB.Amph.24 334. A, dorsal view in preservative.B, ventral view in preservative. C, lateral view in preservative. D, sonograms and their corresponding oscillograms of a call and a single note (leħ and right, respectively).E, palm of the hand and sole of the foot in preservative.F–H, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (F), dorsal view of the thigh (G), and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542169/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6B, H</figureCitation>
). Anteroventral forelimbs, axilla, abdomen, and ventral thigh greyish yellow, almost transparent. Ventral shank, groin, and flecks on posterior dorsal thigh bright yellow. Hands and feet reddish brown, with dark brown blotches. Ventral surface of hands and feet light brown. Red blotch above tip of urostyle, margined in black posterolaterally. Iris silver, with dark brown vertical line crossing pupil; pupil margined with bright orange.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF286646FFB7E27B8DB2F9C5FCBF7AD5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542169" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542169/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[129,194,1655,1679]" targetBox="[132,1470,147,1622]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB7E27B8DB2F9C5FCBF7AD5" blockId="14.[128,1436,1654,1763]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB7E27B8DB2F9C5FE547AB9" bold="true" box="[129,438,1654,1679]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Figure 6.
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB7E27B8DEEF9C4FE547AB9" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[221,438,1654,1678]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lengguru">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB7E27B8DEEF9C4FE547AB9" bold="true" box="[221,438,1654,1678]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hylophorbus lengguru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
holotype
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB7E27B8F26F9C5FD2F7AB8" box="[533,717,1655,1679]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MZB.Amph.24 334</emphasis>
. A, dorsal view in preservative. B, ventral view in preservative. C, lateral view in preservative. D, sonograms and their corresponding oscillograms of a call and a single note (leħ and right, respectively). E, palm of the hand and sole of the foot in preservative. F–H, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (F), dorsal view of the thigh (G), and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB6E27A8D42FED5FD12793C" blockId="15.[113,764,358,1291]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8D42FED5FF367D49" box="[113,212,359,382]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Variation:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B3F3C93FFB6E27A8DDAFED4FD0E793C" collectionCode="MZB" collectorName="Supporting Information &amp; Table S &amp; Ne &amp; Nere &amp; Amph. &amp; Fig. S &amp; Dorsal &amp; Mouling &amp; Nevertheless &amp; Information &amp; Overall" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="11" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D51FD47FFB6E27A8DDAFED4FE467D49" box="[233,420,358,382]" count="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">Eleven specimens</specimenCount>
are available to assess variation within the samples (
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8C63FE37FDAE7DAA" box="[336,588,389,413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Supporting Information</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8F68FE37FD497DAA" box="[603,683,389,413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Table S</collectorName>
7).
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8FE0FE34FD187DA9" box="[723,762,390,414]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ŋe</collectorName>
longest basal subarticular tubercle on the hand is either 1sf or 2sf, and always 2st on the foot.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8CF2FE76FE1E7DEB" box="[449,508,452,476]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ŋere</collectorName>
is extensive variation in the relative size of 3st (3st/SV =.40–.60; male 3st =.61–.
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB6E27A8FEDFE51FF7E7E2C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="79.0">79 mm</quantity>
) compared with the other basal subarticular tubercles, and 4st and 5st are either indistinct or at least less developed than other tubercles (
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8C29FDF3FDF37E6E" box="[282,529,577,601]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Supporting Information</collectorName>
,
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB6E27A8F29FDF3FD8C7E6E" box="[538,622,577,601]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1655,1679]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-103@14.[129,1473,144,1627]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Hylophorbus lengguru holotype MZB.Amph.24 334. A, dorsal view in preservative.B, ventral view in preservative. C, lateral view in preservative. D, sonograms and their corresponding oscillograms of a call and a single note (leħ and right, respectively).E, palm of the hand and sole of the foot in preservative.F–H, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (F), dorsal view of the thigh (G), and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542169/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. S6B</figureCitation>
).
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8FB0FDF0FD487E6D" box="[643,682,578,602]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ŋe</collectorName>
relative size and shape of the palmar tubercles varies greatly between specimens (e.g. palmar tubercles seemingly fused on
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB6E27A8F8DFD32FD157EA0" box="[702,759,640,663]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8D42FD2DFF5B7E80" box="[113,185,671,695]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Amph.</collectorName>
24 341 and
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.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8C44FD2DFE5D7E80" box="[375,447,671,695]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Amph.</collectorName>
24 342; palmar tubercles thin and elongated on
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.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8C53FD0DFE4A7EE0" box="[352,424,703,727]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Amph.</collectorName>
24 333 and
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.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8F69FD0DFD417EE0" box="[602,675,703,727]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Amph.</collectorName>
24 335), but their positioning relative to the palm remains the same (proximal;
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,
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10).
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8F7AFD4FFD6F7F22" box="[585,653,765,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dorsal</collectorName>
and lateral colour paưerns of preserved specimens are remarkably similar, except for
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.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8C44FC8EFE5D7F63" box="[375,447,828,852]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Amph.</collectorName>
24 241, which displays striking blackish-brown ‘wavy’ stripes on the dorsum, top of head, and top of thigh (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB6E27A8DC8FCC9FEA07FA5" box="[251,322,890,915]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1543,1567]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-205@12.[129,1473,144,1515]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Portraits in life. A, B, Hylophorbus monophonus. A, paratype MZB.Amph.24 346 (male).B, MZB.Amph.24 347 (female). C–F, Hylophorbus lengguru. C, paratype MZB.Amph.24 333 (male). D, MZB.Amph.24 335 (male). E, MZB.Amph.24 336 (male). F, MZB. Amph.24 341 (male). Photographs by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542167/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
).
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8C6AFCC9FE517FA4" box="[345,435,891,915]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Moưling</collectorName>
on the chin and throat varies in density between all specimens, such that it is nearly solid dark brown with very few unpigmented areas on
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB6E27A8F1CFC0BFD8A7FE6" box="[559,616,953,977]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8F58FC0BFD517FE6" box="[619,691,953,977]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Amph.</collectorName>
24 333 and
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB6E27A8D92FC6BFF387FC6" box="[161,218,985,1009]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8DEEFC6BFEC77FC6" box="[221,293,985,1009]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Amph.</collectorName>
24 345.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8C49FC6BFDE27FC6" box="[378,512,985,1009]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Nevertheless</collectorName>
, the dark brown blotch on both sides of the posterior submandibular region is still distinguishable.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8DC8FBA5FE957818" box="[251,375,1047,1071]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Information</collectorName>
on colour in life is available only for
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB6E27A8D42FB85FF487878" box="[113,170,1079,1103]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8D9DFB85FF147878" box="[174,246,1079,1103]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Amph.</collectorName>
24 333,
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB6E27A8C7CFB85FE6A7878" box="[335,392,1079,1103]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8CB8FB85FE317878" box="[395,467,1079,1103]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Amph.</collectorName>
24 335,
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB6E27A8F18FB85FD867878" box="[555,612,1079,1103]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8F54FB85FD4D7878" box="[615,687,1079,1103]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Amph.</collectorName>
24 336, and
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB6E27A8D93FBE4FF3B7859" box="[160,217,1110,1134]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8DEFFBE4FEC67859" box="[220,292,1110,1134]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Amph.</collectorName>
24 341; only those are discussed (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB6E27A8FB1FBE4FD0B7859" box="[642,745,1110,1134]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1543,1567]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-205@12.[129,1473,144,1515]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Portraits in life. A, B, Hylophorbus monophonus. A, paratype MZB.Amph.24 346 (male).B, MZB.Amph.24 347 (female). C–F, Hylophorbus lengguru. C, paratype MZB.Amph.24 333 (male). D, MZB.Amph.24 335 (male). E, MZB.Amph.24 336 (male). F, MZB. Amph.24 341 (male). Photographs by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542167/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5C–F</figureCitation>
).
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8D42FBC7FF5D78BA" box="[113,191,1141,1165]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Overall</collectorName>
, the colour paưern in life is as described for the
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFB6E27A8FF0FBC7FF42789A" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, with the exception of
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB6E27A8CBEFB27FE24789A" box="[397,454,1173,1197]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.Amph.24 341, which displays striking blackish-brown motifs in dorsal view, as discussed above. Variation in pigmentation intensity in the margin of the lumbar ocellus and acromial region is observed between all specimens
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB6E27A8D42FA9EFD3A7AEC" blockId="15.[113,763,1324,1756]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8D42FA9EFF417973" box="[113,163,1324,1348]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Call:</emphasis>
We analysed a total of 53 calls from
<specimenCount id="9D51FD47FFB6E27A8F15FA9EFD727973" box="[550,656,1324,1348]" count="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
, one from each locality (
<tableCitation id="C6D50375FFB6E27A8C22FAF9FE867954" box="[273,356,1355,1379]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionText="Table 1. Advertisement call variables across Hylophorbus species, presented as ranges and means (in parentheses).Ŋe number of calls (N) from which the ranges are based is indicated below the species names. Data for each call recording are available in the Supporting Information (Table S3)." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Table 1</tableCitation>
; Supporting Information, Table S3). Ŋe analysed files are deposited in the sound collection of ‘La Sonothèque du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle’ (Supporting Information, Table S3;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B3FFFB6E27A8CDAFA1BFD0B79F6" author="Guilbert F &amp; Loret P" box="[489,745,1449,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref17975" refString="Guilbert F, Loret P. La sonotheque du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. 2018. Last accessed on 6 January 2023. hups: // sonotheque. mnhn. fr /? q = &amp; tbs = qr: nv, qr: e" type="book" year="2018">Guilbert and Loret 2018</bibRefCitation>
). Ŋe advertisement call consists of one to six single-pulse notes (mean = 3), and mean note duration is 107 ms (range 89.0–138 ms) (
<tableCitation id="C6D50375FFB6E27A8D9CF9B5FF1C7A28" box="[175,254,1543,1567]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionText="Table 1. Advertisement call variables across Hylophorbus species, presented as ranges and means (in parentheses).Ŋe number of calls (N) from which the ranges are based is indicated below the species names. Data for each call recording are available in the Supporting Information (Table S3)." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Table 1</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB6E27A8C23F9B5FEBD7A28" box="[272,351,1543,1567]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1655,1679]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-103@14.[129,1473,144,1627]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Hylophorbus lengguru holotype MZB.Amph.24 334. A, dorsal view in preservative.B, ventral view in preservative. C, lateral view in preservative. D, sonograms and their corresponding oscillograms of a call and a single note (leħ and right, respectively).E, palm of the hand and sole of the foot in preservative.F–H, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (F), dorsal view of the thigh (G), and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542169/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
). Mean inter-note duration is 163 ms (range 132–208 ms). Mean dominant frequency is 1.13 kHz (range 1.10–1.14 kHz). Notes can exhibit up to five harmonics, between 1.5 and 3.5 kHz (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB6E27A8CA4F9D7FE0A7A4A" box="[407,488,1637,1661]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1655,1679]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-103@14.[129,1473,144,1627]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Hylophorbus lengguru holotype MZB.Amph.24 334. A, dorsal view in preservative.B, ventral view in preservative. C, lateral view in preservative. D, sonograms and their corresponding oscillograms of a call and a single note (leħ and right, respectively).E, palm of the hand and sole of the foot in preservative.F–H, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (F), dorsal view of the thigh (G), and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542169/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information,
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB6E27A8D42F937FF2C7AAB" box="[113,206,1668,1693]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1543,1567]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-205@12.[129,1473,144,1515]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Portraits in life. A, B, Hylophorbus monophonus. A, paratype MZB.Amph.24 346 (male).B, MZB.Amph.24 347 (female). C–F, Hylophorbus lengguru. C, paratype MZB.Amph.24 333 (male). D, MZB.Amph.24 335 (male). E, MZB.Amph.24 336 (male). F, MZB. Amph.24 341 (male). Photographs by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542167/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. S5D</figureCitation>
). Notes within a call are remarkably similar in their durations, frequency, and amplitude modulations (
<tableCitation id="C6D50375FFB6E27A8FABF916FD0B7A8B" box="[664,745,1700,1724]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionText="Table 1. Advertisement call variables across Hylophorbus species, presented as ranges and means (in parentheses).Ŋe number of calls (N) from which the ranges are based is indicated below the species names. Data for each call recording are available in the Supporting Information (Table S3)." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Frequency modulation never exceeds an increase of.20 kHz.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB6E27A8D42F94FFD4A7B44" blockId="15.[113,763,1788,1907]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8D42F94FFD797B23" box="[113,667,1788,1813]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Distribution and ecological notes:
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8C81F94EFD797B23" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[434,667,1788,1812]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lengguru">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8C81F94EFD797B23" bold="true" box="[434,667,1788,1812]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hylophorbus lengguru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known from Lobo and Tuguwara, both in the Lengguru foldbelt (
<collectingRegion id="4993F82CFFB6E27A8FF0F8AEFEF27B64" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">West Papua province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F340765EFFB6E27A8C2AF889FE617B64" box="[281,387,1851,1875]" name="Indonesia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
). Ŋe species inhabits the leaf liưer of pristine lowland rainforest between 300 and
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB6E27A8F05F8E9FD9A7B45" box="[566,632,1883,1907]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB6E27A8D42F826FD197BFC" blockId="15.[113,763,1939,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8D42F826FD4B7B9C" box="[113,681,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Comparisons with other species:
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8C8FF821FD4B7B9C" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[444,681,1939,1963]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lengguru">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8C8FF821FD4B7B9C" bold="true" box="[444,681,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hylophorbus lengguru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished immediately from
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8CE0F806FD197BFC" box="[467,763,1971,1995]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8CE0F806FDA87BFC" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[467,586,1972,1995]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrinus">H. nigrinus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8F68F806FD327BFC" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[603,720,1971,1995]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="picoides">H. picoides</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8FD2F806FD197BFC" box="[737,763,1972,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H.</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB6E27A8E19FF22FAF57FAF" blockId="15.[810,1460,144,920]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8E19FF22FBFC7C9F" box="[810,1054,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
atrifasciatus,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8E99FF23FBFC7C9F" authorityName="Zweifel" authorityYear="1972" box="[938,1054,144,168]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infulatus">H. infulatus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8964FF23FB237C9F" box="[1111,1217,144,168]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sigridae">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8964FF23FB237C9F" box="[1111,1217,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. sigridae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a lateral stripe; from
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8EEAFF02FBA77CF0" authorityName="Zweifel" authorityYear="1972" box="[985,1093,176,199]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="extimus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8EEAFF02FBA77CF0" box="[985,1093,176,199]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. extimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8949FF02FB167CF0" authorityName="Zweifel" authorityYear="1972" box="[1146,1268,176,199]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myopicus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8949FF02FB167CF0" box="[1146,1268,176,199]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. myopicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its smaller size (
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB6E27A8E02FF7DFC287CD1" box="[817,970,207,231]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.715" metricValueMax="3.04" metricValueMin="2.3899999999999997" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="27.15" valueMax="30.4" valueMin="23.9">23.9–30.4 mm</quantity>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8ED8FF7DFBBC7CD0" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[1003,1118,207,231]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lengguru">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8ED8FF7DFBBC7CD0" box="[1003,1118,207,231]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. lengguru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 40.0–49.0 mm). It can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8EEAFF5DFBA07D31" authorityName="Kraus &amp; Allison" authorityYear="2009" box="[985,1090,238,262]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="proekes">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8EEAFF5DFBA07D31" box="[985,1090,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. proekes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A894AFF5DFB377D31" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[1145,1237,239,262]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sextus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A894AFF5DFB377D31" box="[1145,1237,239,262]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. sextus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its greyish-yellow ventral coloration and its single-pulsed notes. It is further distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8EE6FE9FFBAB7D73" authorityName=", Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[981,1097,300,324]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsi">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8EE6FE9FFBAB7D73" box="[981,1097,300,324]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. richardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its yellowish ventral coloration; from
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8E52FEFFFBF37D53" authorityName="Richards &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2007" box="[865,1041,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rainerguentheri">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8E52FEFFFBF37D53" box="[865,1041,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. rainerguentheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its greyish flanks and the presence of a lateral ‘crescent’-shaped blotch; and from
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A89FAFEDEFA8D7DB4" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[1225,1391,363,387]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monophonus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A89FAFEDEFA8D7DB4" bold="true" box="[1225,1391,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. monophonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a bright yellow coloration on the posteroventral flanks.
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8E19FE1BFBF07DF6" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[810,1042,425,449]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lengguru">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8E19FE1BFBF07DF6" bold="true" box="[810,1042,425,449]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hylophorbus lengguru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A882DFE19FA727DF5" authorityName=", Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[1310,1424,426,450]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsi">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A882DFE19FA727DF5" box="[1310,1424,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. richardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A88A9FE19FC5E7DD6" authorityName="Richards &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rainerguentheri">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A88A9FE19FC5E7DD6" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. rainerguentheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
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<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8EC5FE7BFB7C7DD6" bold="true" box="[1014,1182,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. monophonus</emphasis>
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by having multi-note calls.
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<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8E19FE5AFBF37E37" bold="true" box="[810,1041,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hylophorbus lengguru</emphasis>
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can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A882FFE5BFA777E37" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[1308,1429,488,512]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wondiwoi">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A882FFE5BFA777E37" box="[1308,1429,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. wondiwoi</emphasis>
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by its light-brown flanks more contrasting with the dorsum, and by its notes being twice as long (100 ms for
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A898FFD95FAD77E08" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[1212,1333,551,575]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lengguru">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A898FFD95FAD77E08" bold="true" box="[1212,1333,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. lengguru</emphasis>
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vs. ~50 ms). Colour paưerns of
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<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8ED9FDF5FB877E69" bold="true" box="[1002,1125,582,606]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. lengguru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8810FDF5FA507E69" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[1315,1458,582,606]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetraphonus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8810FDF5FA507E69" box="[1315,1458,582,606]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. tetraphonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Bird’s Neck species,
<collectingRegion id="4993F82CFFB6E27A8ECCFDD4FB317E49" box="[1023,1235,614,638]" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">West Papua province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F340765EFFB6E27A89EFFDD4FAA77E49" box="[1244,1349,614,638]" name="Indonesia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
), but it can be distinguished by its call:
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8979FD37FB257EAA" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[1098,1223,645,669]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lengguru">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8979FD37FB257EAA" bold="true" box="[1098,1223,645,669]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. lengguru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
notes are lower (dominant frequency 1.13 kHz vs. ~1.75 kHz) and have lower frequency modulation, reaching an increase of &lt;.20 kHz (vs..50 kHz). Finally, because of the ambiguity surrounding
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A880CFD56FBE77F2C" authority="sensu Macleay (1878)" authorityName="sensu Macleay" authorityYear="1878" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufescens">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A880CFD56FCBE7F2D" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. rufescens sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B3FFFB6E27A8E51FCB0FBE77F2C" author="Macleay W" box="[866,1029,770,795]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="135 - 8" refId="ref19250" refString="Macleay W. Ne batrachians of the ' Chevert' Expedition. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 1878; 2: 135 - 8." type="journal article" year="1878">Macleay (1878)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, we cannot compare their morphology explicitly. However, their habitat
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differs (lowland rainforest at
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB6E27A8E19FCF3FC7C7F6E" box="[810,926,833,857]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="350.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="300.0">300–400 m</quantity>
a.s.l. for
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8EC7FCF3FB8F7F6E" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[1012,1133,833,857]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lengguru">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8EC7FCF3FB8F7F6E" bold="true" box="[1012,1133,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. lengguru</emphasis>
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vs. seasonal woodland and mangroves for
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8EABFCD3FBEC7F4F" authorityName="sensu Macleay" authorityYear="1878" box="[920,1038,864,888]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufescens">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8EABFCD3FBEC7F4F" box="[920,1038,864,888]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. rufescens</emphasis>
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), and their
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localities are&gt;
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apart, making their conspecificity highly unlikely.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

452
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<mods:identifier id="FEC7CB8D47DF91BCB0F6A14DAF4EDC67" type="Zenodo-Dep">14542157</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8CE02B6167516E0E06B89FFF4B9873AB" type="ZooBank">205A49A-A66E-466E-8D6D-CBA702798B0A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03FE87D8FFB6E2648EFDFC05FA7D7895" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87D8FFB6E2648EFDFC05FA7D7895" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87D8FFB6E2648EFDFC05FA7D7895" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<subSubSection id="C34D6545FFB6E27A8EFDFC05FAEC7FE5" box="[974,1294,951,978]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB6E27A8EFDFC05FAEC7FE5" blockId="15.[974,1294,951,978]" box="[974,1294,951,978]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="D0A081A2FFB6E27A8EFDFC05FAEC7FE5" bold="true" box="[974,1294,951,978]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8EFDFC05FAEC7FE5" bold="true" box="[974,1294,951,978]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8EFDFC05FB5C7FE5" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[974,1214,951,978]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8EFDFC05FB5C7FE5" bold="true" box="[974,1214,951,978]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hylophorbus maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A7FFB6E27A89F1FC0AFAEC7FE5" box="[1218,1294,952,978]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D6545FFB6E2648974FC54FA7D7895" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB6E27A8974FC54FB747837" blockId="15.[1095,1174,998,1025]" box="[1095,1174,998,1025]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8974FC54FB747837" bold="true" box="[1095,1174,998,1025]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
(
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB6E27A8961FC55FB697836" box="[1106,1163,999,1025]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[136,1466,147,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-6@16.[133,1469,144,1809]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Hylophorbus maculatus holotype MZB.Amph.24 339. A, dorsal view in preservative. B, ventral view in preservative.C, palm of the hand in preservative.D, sole of the foot in preservative. E, F, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (E) and ventral view (F). G, H, paratype MZB.Amph.24 340 in life in dorsolateral view (G) and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542171/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB6E27A8E19FB95FAAE788A" blockId="15.[810,1459,1063,1213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<materialsCitation id="3B3F3C93FFB6E27A8E19FB95FAAE788A" collectingDate="2014-10-27" collectionCode="MZB" collectorName="Antoine Fouquet" country="Indonesia" county="Triton Bay" elevation="1021" latitude="-3.7291" location="Lobo village" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="134.0617" municipality="Lamansiere Mountain" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCode="EAA357" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Papua Barat" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8E19FB95FBBC7808" box="[810,1118,1063,1087]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFB6E27A8E19FB95FC677808" box="[810,901,1063,1087]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB6E27A8EA4FB95FC2C7808" box="[919,974,1063,1087]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.Amph.24 339
</emphasis>
(field number
<specimenCode id="DBF19EB5FFB6E27A883AFB95FA8A7808" box="[1289,1384,1063,1087]" collectionCode="EAA" country="Estonia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13004" name="Estonian Agricultural University" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Herbarium">EAA357</specimenCode>
), adult male, collected by
<collectorName id="26A25318FFB6E27A8ED4FBF5FB757869" box="[999,1175,1095,1119]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Antoine Fouquet</collectorName>
and Philippe Gaucher, near
<location id="8E886015FFB6E27A8E19FBD4FC4A7849" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87D8FFB6E2648EFDFC05FA7D7895:8E886015FFB6E27A8E19FBD4FC4A7849" box="[810,936,1126,1150]" country="Indonesia" county="Triton Bay" latitude="-3.7291" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="134.0617" municipality="Lamansiere Mountain" name="Lobo village" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" stateProvince="Papua Barat">Lobo village</location>
on
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8CACB4FFB6E27A8EFFFBD4FB4D7849" box="[972,1199,1126,1150]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Lamansiere Mountain</collectingMunicipality>
, in the Lengguru foldbelt,
<collectingCounty id="62894E42FFB6E27A8E19FB37FC7A78A9" box="[810,920,1157,1182]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Triton Bay</collectingCounty>
, Kaimana Regency,
<collectingRegion id="4993F82CFFB6E27A895AFB34FAA178AA" box="[1129,1347,1157,1181]" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">West Papua province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F340765EFFB6E27A887DFB37FA5178AA" box="[1358,1459,1157,1181]" name="Indonesia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE635009FFB6E27A8E01FB17FC6E788A" box="[818,908,1189,1213]" degrees="3.7291" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="5" value="-3.7291">−3.7291</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE635009FFB6E27A8EA5FB17FC18788A" box="[918,1018,1189,1213]" degrees="134.0617" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="5" value="134.0617">134.0617</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="007AD1FDFFB6E27A8930FB17FB66788A" box="[1027,1156,1189,1213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.021" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="1021.0">
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB6E27A8930FB17FBB3788B" box="[1027,1105,1189,1213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.021" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="1021.0">1021 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
),
<date id="FFE9100EFFB6E27A89A4FB17FAAB788A" box="[1175,1353,1189,1213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2014-10-27">
<collectingDate id="EFADE9E6FFB6E27A89A4FB17FAAB788A" box="[1175,1353,1189,1213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2014-10-27">27 October 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB6E27A8E19FB54FBCB792A" blockId="15.[810,1459,1253,1309]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<materialsCitation id="3B3F3C93FFB6E27A8E19FB54FBC6792A" collectionCode="MZB" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCode="EAA358" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8E19FB54FC7378CA" box="[810,913,1254,1277]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFB6E27A8E19FB54FC6E78CA" box="[810,908,1254,1277]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D51FD47FFB6E27A8EA8FB57FBE078CA" box="[923,1026,1253,1277]" count="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="adult">One adult</specimenCount>
male,
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFB6E27A8970FB57FB9E78CA" box="[1091,1148,1253,1277]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.Amph.24 340 (
<specimenCode id="DBF19EB5FFB6E27A882DFB57FA9F78CA" box="[1310,1405,1253,1277]" collectionCode="EAA" country="Estonia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13004" name="Estonian Agricultural University" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Herbarium">EAA358</specimenCode>
), collected with the
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFB6E27A8EF5FAB7FBC6792A" box="[966,1060,1285,1309]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB6E27A8E19FAF7FA8379AB" blockId="15.[810,1459,1349,1436]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8E19FAF7FC7B796A" box="[810,921,1349,1373]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Etymology:</emphasis>
Ŋe specific epithet is a Latin masculine adjective meaning ‘speckled’ or ‘spoưed’, in reference to the overall spoưed paưern on the ventral surfaces and flanks of this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFB6E27A8E19FA0CFAC67BFC" blockId="15.[810,1459,1469,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8E19FA0CFC7279E2" box="[810,912,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
A
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFB6E27A8EF9FA0FFB7D79E2" box="[970,1183,1469,1493]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFB6E27A8EF9FA0FFBAA79E2" box="[970,1096,1469,1493]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hylophorbus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
recognizable by the following unique combination of characters: (i) small size (male SV =
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB6E27A8E56FA4EFC1E7A24" box="[869,1020,1532,1556]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.38" metricValueMax="2.42" metricValueMin="2.34" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="23.799999999999997" valueMax="24.2" valueMin="23.4">23.4–24.2 mm</quantity>
, mean =
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB6E27A8969FA4EFB517A24" box="[1114,1203,1532,1556]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.38" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="23.8">23.8 mm</quantity>
); (ii) strongly developed basal subarticular tubercle on F3–F4 (male 3sf =.80–.
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB6E27A886CF9A9FA497A04" box="[1375,1451,1563,1587]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="82.0">82 mm</quantity>
; male 4sf =.77–.
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB6E27A8EE2F989FBFC7A64" box="[977,1054,1595,1619]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="83.0">83 mm</quantity>
), T3 (male 3st =.70–.
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB6E27A8834F989FAB67A64" box="[1287,1364,1595,1619]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="92.0">92 mm</quantity>
), and T4 (male 4st =.81–.
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFB6E27A8EEBF9E8FBC47A46" box="[984,1062,1626,1650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="92.0">92 mm</quantity>
) (Supporting Information,
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB6E27A8879F9E8FA437A45" box="[1354,1441,1626,1650]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1655,1679]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-103@14.[129,1473,144,1627]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Hylophorbus lengguru holotype MZB.Amph.24 334. A, dorsal view in preservative.B, ventral view in preservative. C, lateral view in preservative. D, sonograms and their corresponding oscillograms of a call and a single note (leħ and right, respectively).E, palm of the hand and sole of the foot in preservative.F–H, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (F), dorsal view of the thigh (G), and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542169/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. S6B</figureCitation>
); (iii) a thenar tubercle and two palmar tubercles, inner palmar tubercle at centre of palm; (iv) short, dark brown lateral stripe extending from the posterolateral edge of the eye to middle region of the flank (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB6E27A8E86F965FBC27AD8" box="[949,1056,1751,1775]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[136,1466,147,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-6@16.[133,1469,144,1809]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Hylophorbus maculatus holotype MZB.Amph.24 339. A, dorsal view in preservative. B, ventral view in preservative.C, palm of the hand in preservative.D, sole of the foot in preservative. E, F, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (E) and ventral view (F). G, H, paratype MZB.Amph.24 340 in life in dorsolateral view (G) and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542171/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7E, G</figureCitation>
); (v) dark brown lumbar ocellus; (vi) yellow groin; (vii) overall whitish ground coloration on ventral surfaces; (viii) discontinuous dark line extending from dorsal edge of lumbar ocellus to posterior lateral edge of eye, above short lateral stripe (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFB6E27A8EC6F8E7FBBF7B5A" box="[1013,1117,1877,1901]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[136,1466,147,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-6@16.[133,1469,144,1809]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Hylophorbus maculatus holotype MZB.Amph.24 339. A, dorsal view in preservative. B, ventral view in preservative.C, palm of the hand in preservative.D, sole of the foot in preservative. E, F, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (E) and ventral view (F). G, H, paratype MZB.Amph.24 340 in life in dorsolateral view (G) and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542171/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7E, G</figureCitation>
); (ix) conspicuous dark blotches on the posterior dorsal thighs and flank between short lateral stripe and lumbar ocellus; and (x) dark brown moưling on the ventral thighs, medial feet, and anterior abdomen.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF286646FFA9E2658DB2F89EFF357BAF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542171" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542171/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[129,194,1836,1860]" targetBox="[136,1466,147,1806]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFA9E2658DB2F89EFF357BAF" blockId="16.[128,1461,1836,1944]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA9E2658DB2F89EFE277B73" bold="true" box="[129,453,1836,1861]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
Figure 7.
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA9E2658DEEF89EFE277B73" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[221,453,1836,1860]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA9E2658DEEF89EFE277B73" bold="true" box="[221,453,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hylophorbus maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
holotype
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA9E2658F16F89EFD3E7B72" box="[549,732,1836,1861]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MZB.Amph.24 339</emphasis>
. A, dorsal view in preservative. B, ventral view in preservative. C, palm of the hand in preservative. D, sole of the foot in preservative. E, F, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (E) and ventral view (F). G, H, paratype MZB.Amph.24 340 in life in dorsolateral view (G) and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFA8E2648D42FF23FD917F0D" blockId="17.[113,764,144,1578]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648D42FF23FE637C9F" box="[113,385,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Description of the
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFA8E2648C14FF22FE9E7C9F" box="[295,380,144,168]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
Adult male (for measurements, see Supporting Information, Table S7). Head slightly longer than wide (HL/HW = 1.15); nares directed laterally, closer to tip of snout than to eye, internarial distance larger than distance from nostril to anterior edge of eye (EN/IN =.84); snout acute in lateral view, truncate in dorsal view. Eye moderately large (EY/ SV =.14). Tympanum large (TY/SV =.08, TY/EY =.58), supratympanic fold inconspicuous. Skin slightly granular on all dorsal surfaces, with several small tubercles on dorsum, finely granular on ventral surfaces. Fingers unwebbed, relative lengths 3&gt; 2&gt; 1&gt; 4; tips with slightly expanded truncate discs, all with circum-marginal grooves. Subarticular tubercles on all fingers, well developed; thenar tubercle well developed, ovoid; palmar tubercles more elongated; inner palmar tubercle at centre of palm. Toes unwebbed, relative lengths 4&gt; 3&gt; 5&gt; 2&gt; 1; discs on T1 and T5 slightly expanded, ~1.5 times wider than penultimate phalanges, discs larger on T2–T4, ~2 times wider than penultimate phalanges, all with circum-marginal grooves. Subarticular tubercles well developed on T1–T4, especially on T3 (3st =.
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFA8E2648DD0FD51FED47ECC" box="[227,310,739,763]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="92.0">92 mm</quantity>
), basal subarticular tubercles poorly developed on T5 (5st =.
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFA8E2648C76FCB0FE707F2D" box="[325,402,770,794]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="51.0">51 mm</quantity>
), inner metatarsal tubercle ovoid, well developed (MTL =
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFA8E2648C5DFC90FE2A7F0E" box="[366,456,802,826]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="1.55">1.55 mm</quantity>
), others lacking.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFA8E2648DBEFCF0FDF57A1D" blockId="17.[113,764,144,1578]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Dorsum from head to shanks yellowish brown, with scaưered brown spots on suprascapular region and top of thighs (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFA8E2648F97FCD3FD087F4F" box="[676,746,865,889]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[136,1466,147,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-6@16.[133,1469,144,1809]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Hylophorbus maculatus holotype MZB.Amph.24 339. A, dorsal view in preservative. B, ventral view in preservative.C, palm of the hand in preservative.D, sole of the foot in preservative. E, F, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (E) and ventral view (F). G, H, paratype MZB.Amph.24 340 in life in dorsolateral view (G) and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542171/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
). Lumbar ocellus dark brown, margined posteroventrally with bright yellow; groin bright yellow. Flank overall reddish grey, separated from dorsum by one discontinuous dark brown line extending from dorsal edge of lumbar ocellus to posteriolateral edge of eye. Small red, white, and brown speckles from anterior flank to anterior abdomen. Short black lateral stripe running from anterior edge of tympanum (which it overlays) to middle of flank, margined ventrally with white, separated from lumbar ocellus by grey coloration containing small black blotches (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFA8E2648FE7FBC9FF6F7886" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[136,1466,147,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-6@16.[133,1469,144,1809]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Hylophorbus maculatus holotype MZB.Amph.24 339. A, dorsal view in preservative. B, ventral view in preservative.C, palm of the hand in preservative.D, sole of the foot in preservative. E, F, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (E) and ventral view (F). G, H, paratype MZB.Amph.24 340 in life in dorsolateral view (G) and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542171/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
). Dorsal surfaces of F3–F4, lateral surfaces of feet, dorsal T4– T5, and posterodorsal surfaces of forelimb red (more intense on upper arm). Dorsally, F1–F2 and T1–T3 grey, with dark brown irregular spots on all fingers; dark brown blotch between base of F2 and F3; ventral surface of hands and feet brown. Chin, throat, chest, and anterior half of abdomen with inconsistent dark brown moưling; distinct dark brown blotch on each side of posterior submandibular region (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFA8E2648CECFAC7FDA179BA" box="[479,579,1397,1421]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[136,1466,147,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-6@16.[133,1469,144,1809]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Hylophorbus maculatus holotype MZB.Amph.24 339. A, dorsal view in preservative. B, ventral view in preservative.C, palm of the hand in preservative.D, sole of the foot in preservative. E, F, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (E) and ventral view (F). G, H, paratype MZB.Amph.24 340 in life in dorsolateral view (G) and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542171/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 7F, H</figureCitation>
). Ventral surfaces overall whitish (
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFA8E2648C26FA26FEB8799B" box="[277,346,1428,1452]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[136,1466,147,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-6@16.[133,1469,144,1809]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Hylophorbus maculatus holotype MZB.Amph.24 339. A, dorsal view in preservative. B, ventral view in preservative.C, palm of the hand in preservative.D, sole of the foot in preservative. E, F, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (E) and ventral view (F). G, H, paratype MZB.Amph.24 340 in life in dorsolateral view (G) and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542171/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
), ventral surfaces of legs with dark brown moưling. Red pigmentation above tip of urostyle, margined in black posterolaterally. Black colour around naris and eye in contact. Iris golden–copper, with dark brown vertical line crossing pupil; pupil margined with bright orange.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFA8E2648D42F9FEFB9F7D31" blockId="17.[113,763,1611,1980]" lastBlockId="17.[810,1459,144,262]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648D42F9FEFF367A54" box="[113,212,1612,1635]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Variation:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B3F3C93FFA8E2648DECF9F9FB9B7D31" collectionCode="MZB" collectorName="Assessment &amp; Supporting Information &amp; Table S &amp; Longest &amp; Mostly &amp; Ne &amp; Amph. &amp; Fig. S &amp; Colour" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648DECF9F9FEB57A54" box="[223,343,1611,1635]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Assessment</collectorName>
of variation is based on only
<specimenCount id="9D51FD47FFA8E2648FACF9FEFF587AB5" count="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
(
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648DE0F9D8FE367AB5" box="[211,468,1642,1666]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Supporting Information</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648CD5F9D8FDD87AB4" box="[486,570,1642,1667]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Table S</collectorName>
7).
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648F55F9D9FD5A7AB4" box="[614,696,1643,1667]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Longest</collectorName>
basal subarticular tubercle on the hand either 2sf or 4sf, and 3st or 4st on the foot.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648DDFF91BFED67AF6" box="[236,308,1705,1729]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mostly</collectorName>
, variation in the size of the 3st (3st/SV =.05 and.07; 3st =.70 and.
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFA8E2648C57F97BFE517AD6" box="[356,435,1737,1761]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="92.0">92 mm</quantity>
) (
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648CFDF97BFD2A7AD6" box="[462,712,1737,1761]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Supporting Information</collectorName>
,
<figureCitation id="136C2A4BFFA8E2648FE7F97BFF787B37" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1655,1679]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-103@14.[129,1473,144,1627]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Hylophorbus lengguru holotype MZB.Amph.24 334. A, dorsal view in preservative.B, ventral view in preservative. C, lateral view in preservative. D, sonograms and their corresponding oscillograms of a call and a single note (leħ and right, respectively).E, palm of the hand and sole of the foot in preservative.F–H, holotype in life in dorsolateral view (F), dorsal view of the thigh (G), and ventral view (H). Photographs in preservative by A. Riyanto; photographs in life by A. Fouquet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542169/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. S6B</figureCitation>
).
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648D81F95AFF3B7B37" box="[178,217,1768,1792]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ŋe</collectorName>
shape of the palmar tubercles varies between specimens (rounder on
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFA8E2648C08F8B5FE967B28" box="[315,372,1799,1823]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648C44F8B5FE227B28" box="[375,448,1799,1823]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Amph.</collectorName>
24 340), but their positioning relative to the palm remains the same (centred;
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648FB5F895FF0D7B69" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Supporting Information</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648DC9F8F4FED67B69" box="[250,308,1862,1886]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. S</collectorName>
10).
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648C55F8F4FE4D7B69" box="[358,431,1862,1886]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Colour</collectorName>
paưern in life or in preservative of the two available specimens is similar, with the exception of the chin and throat moưling, which are pronounced and consistent in the
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFA8E2648C3AF816FE807B8B" box="[265,354,1956,1980]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="ED46AE0BFFA8E2648C47F816FE4C7B8B" box="[372,430,1956,1980]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648C81F816FE1E7B8B" box="[434,508,1956,1980]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Amph.</collectorName>
24 340), and the dorsal colour is light brown in the
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFA8E264897BFF22FB437C9F" box="[1096,1185,144,168]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
vs. yellowish brown in the
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFA8E2648E19FF1DFC6A7CF0" box="[810,904,175,199]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectorName id="26A25318FFA8E2648EA0FF02FC587CFF" box="[915,954,176,200]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ŋe</collectorName>
red pigmentation on the upper arm and hand of the
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFA8E2648E63FF7DFC4B7CD0" box="[848,937,207,231]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
is also less conspicuous than on the
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFA8E2648825FF7DFA967CD0" box="[1302,1396,207,231]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, but it remains conspicuous on the foot
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFA8E2648E19FE95FC317D08" blockId="17.[810,979,295,319]" box="[810,979,295,319]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648E19FE95FCBE7D08" box="[810,860,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Call:</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFA8E2648E19FED3FA407E02" blockId="17.[810,1460,352,565]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648E19FED3FA777D4F" box="[810,1429,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Distribution and ecological notes:
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E26489A1FED2FA777D4F" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[1170,1429,352,376]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E26489A1FED2FA777D4F" bold="true" box="[1170,1429,352,376]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Hylophorbus maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known only from the
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFA8E264892BFE32FBA47DAF" box="[1048,1094,384,408]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
locality, a pristine lower montane forest at ~
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFA8E2648EA1FE2DFC067D80" box="[914,996,415,439]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
a.s.l. Interestingly, specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E2648806FE12FA517D80" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[1333,1459,415,439]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lengguru">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648806FE12FA517D80" bold="true" box="[1333,1459,415,439]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. lengguru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been sampled in the same locality (specimens MZB. Amph.24 333–8), but non-syntopically (occurring at
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFA8E2648864FE6CFCDD7E22" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="350.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="300.0">300–400 m</quantity>
a.s.l.), suggesting that these species might not overlap in their ecologies and along the elevation gradient, as discussed above.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836CEFFA8E2648E19FDE4FA7D7895" blockId="17.[810,1460,598,1186]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648E19FDE4FA8A7E59" box="[810,1384,598,622]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Comparisons with other species:
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E264895CFDE4FA8A7E59" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[1135,1384,598,622]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E264895CFDE4FA8A7E59" bold="true" box="[1135,1384,598,622]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Hylophorbus maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished immediately from
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E264894AFDC4FAC97EBA" authorityName="Richards &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2007" box="[1145,1323,629,653]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rainerguentheri">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E264894AFDC4FAC97EBA" box="[1145,1323,629,653]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. rainerguentheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E264880AFDC4FA4F7EBA" authorityName=", Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[1337,1453,629,653]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsi">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E264880AFDC4FA4F7EBA" box="[1337,1453,629,653]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. richardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E2648E19FD27FC607E9B" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[810,898,661,684]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sextus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648E19FD27FC607E9B" box="[810,898,661,684]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. sextus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E2648EBDFD27FBFE7E9A" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[910,1052,661,685]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetraphonus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648EBDFD27FBFE7E9A" box="[910,1052,661,685]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. tetraphonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E264891BFD27FB407E9A" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[1064,1186,661,685]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wondiwoi">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E264891BFD27FB407E9A" box="[1064,1186,661,685]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. wondiwoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E264899EFD27FAF07E9A" authorityName="Kraus &amp; Allison" authorityYear="2009" box="[1197,1298,661,685]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="proekes">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E264899EFD27FAF07E9A" box="[1197,1298,661,685]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. proekes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E264882EFD27FA6D7E9A" authorityName="Zweifel" authorityYear="1972" box="[1309,1423,661,685]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infulatus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E264882EFD27FA6D7E9A" box="[1309,1423,661,685]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. infulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E26488A9FD27FC7F7EFB" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="2013" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrifasciatus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E26488A9FD27FC7F7EFB" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. atrifasciatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E2648E94FD07FBF37EFB" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[935,1041,693,716]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrinus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648E94FD07FBF37EFB" box="[935,1041,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. nigrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E264892FFD06FB227EFB" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[1052,1216,692,716]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monophonus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E264892FFD06FB227EFB" bold="true" box="[1052,1216,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. monophonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E26489C5FD06FA8D7EFB" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[1270,1391,692,716]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lengguru">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E26489C5FD06FA8D7EFB" bold="true" box="[1270,1391,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. lengguru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of a short lateral stripe (extending from the posterolateral edge of the eye to the middle region of the flank); and from
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E26488A9FD41FC967F1D" authorityName="Zweifel" authorityYear="1972" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="extimus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E26488A9FD41FC967F1D" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. extimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E2648E96FCA1FBF97F1D" authorityName="Zweifel" authorityYear="1972" box="[933,1051,787,810]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myopicus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648E96FCA1FBF97F1D" box="[933,1051,787,810]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. myopicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its much smaller size (
<quantity id="4CAF9B2BFFA8E264882FFCA0FA517F1E" box="[1308,1459,786,810]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.38" metricValueMax="2.42" metricValueMin="2.34" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="23.799999999999997" valueMax="24.2" valueMin="23.4">23.4–24.2 mm</quantity>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E2648E77FC80FC2C7F7E" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[836,974,817,841]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648E77FC80FC2C7F7E" bold="true" box="[836,974,817,841]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 40.0–49.0 mm).
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E26489A8FC83FA707F7E" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[1179,1426,817,841]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E26489A8FC83FA707F7E" bold="true" box="[1179,1426,817,841]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Hylophorbus maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E2648EB3FCE3FC0B7F5E" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2001" box="[896,1001,849,873]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="picoides">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648EB3FCE3FC0B7F5E" box="[896,1001,849,873]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. picoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E2648929FCE3FB637F5E" box="[1050,1153,849,873]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sigridae">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648929FCE3FB637F5E" box="[1050,1153,849,873]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. sigridae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which also exhibit a short lateral stripe, but can be distinguished from them by the presence of a black line extending from the dorsal edge of the lumbar ocellus to the eye, and by the presence of dark brown blotches on the flank, between the posterior end of the short lateral stripe and the lumbar ocellus. Finally, because of the ambiguity surrounding
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E26488A9FC5CFBBE7812" authority="sensu Macleay (1878)" authorityName="sensu Macleay" authorityYear="1878" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufescens">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E26488A9FC5CFC577813" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. rufescens sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B3FFFA8E2648E88FBBEFBBE7812" author="Macleay W" box="[955,1116,1036,1061]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="135 - 8" refId="ref19250" refString="Macleay W. Ne batrachians of the ' Chevert' Expedition. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 1878; 2: 135 - 8." type="journal article" year="1878">Macleay (1878)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, we cannot compare their morphology explicitly. However, their habitat
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFA8E264898BFB9EFB077873" box="[1208,1253,1068,1092]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
differs (lower montane rainforest at ~
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a.s.l. for
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E2648996FBFEFAD17854" authorityName="Ferreira &amp; Kraus &amp; Richards &amp; Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Trilaksono &amp; Arida &amp; Hamidy &amp; Riyanto &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Ŋébaud &amp; Gaucher &amp; Fouquet" authorityYear="2024" box="[1189,1331,1099,1123]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E2648996FBFEFAD17854" bold="true" box="[1189,1331,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. seasonal woodland and mangroves for
<taxonomicName id="4C574D4DFFA8E264897FFBD9FB5978B4" authorityName="sensu Macleay" authorityYear="1878" box="[1100,1211,1131,1155]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hylophorbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufescens">
<emphasis id="B923EADCFFA8E264897FFBD9FB5978B4" box="[1100,1211,1131,1155]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. rufescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and their
<typeStatus id="54EC886CFFA8E2648818FBD9FABA78B4" box="[1323,1368,1131,1155]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
localities are&gt;
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apart, making their conspecificity highly unlikely.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

331
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<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261905FFB9FC15F9F39082F931" authority="Fyntai" authorityName="Fyntai" authorityYear="2024" box="[991,1198,1653,1680]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus" status="sp.nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71905FFB9FC15F9F39082F931" bold="true" box="[991,1198,1653,1680]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Clevelandella Ƒyntai</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="624636A51905FFB9FC86F92291BEF900" blockId="11.[844,1426,1700,1727]" box="[844,1426,1700,1727]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71905FFB9FC86F92291BEF900" bold="true" box="[844,1426,1700,1727]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
(
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201905FFB9FC9CF92297E0F900" box="[854,972,1700,1726]" captionStart-0="Figure 16" captionStart-1="Figure 17" captionStart-2="Figure 18" captionStartId-0="20.[128,192,1102,1126]" captionStartId-1="21.[113,176,1453,1477]" captionStartId-2="22.[129,194,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox-0="[128,1472,147,1072]" captionTargetBox-1="[115,1457,145,1422]" captionTargetBox-2="[129,1473,143,1657]" captionTargetId-0="figure-400@20.[127,1474,146,1074]" captionTargetId-1="figure-105@21.[114,1458,144,1426]" captionTargetId-2="figure-6@22.[129,1473,143,1657]" captionTargetPageId-0="20" captionTargetPageId-1="21" captionTargetPageId-2="22" captionText-0="Figure 16. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella þyntai sp. nov.from life (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–E). From SRU.A* ventral view. B* ventral view.C* ventral view.D* ventral infraciliature.E* dorsal infraciliature.AP* cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin; AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; CW* ciliary whorl of less protuberance; K* karyophore; Ma* macronucleus* Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties.Scale bars:20 µm." captionText-1="Figure 17.Clevelandella þyntai sp.nov.from life (A–E) and asser protargol impregnation (F–K).From SRU.(A* B* F* G* K) slender morphotype* (C–E* H–J) broad morphotype.A* ventral view showing posterior extent of ciliation on the right margin (white arrowhead) and less margin (black arrowhead).B* dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and straight dorsal kineties (white arrow).C* ventral view (optical section) showing cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow)* right kinetal suture (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)*and cytoproct (white arrow).D* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling kineties (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow).E* ventral view showing the margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and bulbous less protuberance extending over less cell margin (white arrowhead).F* detail showing karyophore(black arrowhead).G* ventral view (optical section) showing the karyophore (black arrowhead)* micronucleus (white arrow)* and cytoproct (white arrowhead).H* dorsal view showing karyophore (black arrowheads)* micronucleus (white arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (black arrow).I* ventral infraciliature showing less-hand spiralling kineties (asterisk) and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrow). J* dorsal infraciliature showing straight dorsal kineties (asterisk). K* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm (A–E* G–J)* 10 µm (F* K)." captionText-2="Figure 18. Clevelandella þyntai sp.nov.in the scanning electron microscope.From SRU. (A* B) slender morphotype* (C–F) broad morphotype. A* dorsal view showing cytoproct on less protuberance (black arrowhead)* anterior margin of peristomial overture (white arrowhead)* circumperistomial kineties (white arrow)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and metachronal ciliary waves (asterisk). B* dorsal view showing the less protuberance (black arrowhead)* metachronal ciliary waves (asterisk)* the anterior margin of the peristomial overture (white arrowhead)* and cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrow).C* ventral view of showing characteristic lateral twisting of less protuberance also seen in vivo (black arrowhead* compare Fig.17E)* the cytoproct (white arrowhead) and cilia of the adoral membranelles (black arrow). D* dorsal view showing straight course of the dorsal somatic kineties (white arrowhead)* the less protuberance (white asterisk)* cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrowhead)* and cilia of the adoral membranelles (black arrow). E* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (white asterisk). F* dorsal view showing straight dorsal somatic kineties (white arrowhead)* cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrowhead)* and area of somatic cilia maưed during preparation (black asterisk). Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542026" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542030" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542032" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14542026/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14542030/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14542032/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 16–18</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Tables S13, S14)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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Description based on populations þom SRU hosts þom
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Spade-shaped
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* size
<emphasis id="508DEAB71905FFB9FB46F88390FFF8A2" box="[1164,1235,1797,1820]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">in vivo</emphasis>
quite variable 113– 189 × 55–79 µm* usually about 143 × 63 µm; size in protargol preparations 110–167 × 51–82 µm* usually about 130 × 65 µm; dorsoventrally flaưened* widest in posterior half of cell* anterior end broadly tapered* cell shape varies depending on host and possibly nutritional status* i.e. morphology less variable within than between hosts* well-fed cells plump (L/W ratio about 2.6)* less well-fed cells narrower (L/W ratio about 2.1)* cells of intermediate length–width ratio common (range 1.6–2.8). Peristomial projection length relative to cell length quite variable depending on nutritional status (average in all cells about 19%; about 25% in more slender* less well-fed cells; about 17% in plumper* well-fed cells)* peristomial overture extends nearly entire length of peristomial projection regardless of nutritional state (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201902FFBEFF0EF8EB9513F83B" box="[196,319,1901,1925]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-6@22.[129,1473,143,1657]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 18. Clevelandella þyntai sp.nov.in the scanning electron microscope.From SRU. (A* B) slender morphotype* (C–F) broad morphotype. A* dorsal view showing cytoproct on less protuberance (black arrowhead)* anterior margin of peristomial overture (white arrowhead)* circumperistomial kineties (white arrow)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and metachronal ciliary waves (asterisk). B* dorsal view showing the less protuberance (black arrowhead)* metachronal ciliary waves (asterisk)* the anterior margin of the peristomial overture (white arrowhead)* and cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrow).C* ventral view of showing characteristic lateral twisting of less protuberance also seen in vivo (black arrowhead* compare Fig.17E)* the cytoproct (white arrowhead) and cilia of the adoral membranelles (black arrow). D* dorsal view showing straight course of the dorsal somatic kineties (white arrowhead)* the less protuberance (white asterisk)* cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrowhead)* and cilia of the adoral membranelles (black arrow). E* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (white asterisk). F* dorsal view showing straight dorsal somatic kineties (white arrowhead)* cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrowhead)* and area of somatic cilia maưed during preparation (black asterisk). Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542032/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 18A–D</figureCitation>
). Macronucleus in anterior half of cell* inverted teardrop-shaped (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201902FFBEFE49F80B95F1F81B" box="[387,477,1933,1957]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="21.[113,176,1453,1477]" captionTargetBox="[115,1457,145,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-105@21.[114,1458,144,1426]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 17.Clevelandella þyntai sp.nov.from life (A–E) and asser protargol impregnation (F–K).From SRU.(A* B* F* G* K) slender morphotype* (C–E* H–J) broad morphotype.A* ventral view showing posterior extent of ciliation on the right margin (white arrowhead) and less margin (black arrowhead).B* dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and straight dorsal kineties (white arrow).C* ventral view (optical section) showing cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow)* right kinetal suture (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)*and cytoproct (white arrow).D* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling kineties (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow).E* ventral view showing the margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and bulbous less protuberance extending over less cell margin (white arrowhead).F* detail showing karyophore(black arrowhead).G* ventral view (optical section) showing the karyophore (black arrowhead)* micronucleus (white arrow)* and cytoproct (white arrowhead).H* dorsal view showing karyophore (black arrowheads)* micronucleus (white arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (black arrow).I* ventral infraciliature showing less-hand spiralling kineties (asterisk) and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrow). J* dorsal infraciliature showing straight dorsal kineties (asterisk). K* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm (A–E* G–J)* 10 µm (F* K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542030" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542030/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 17G</figureCitation>
) to lenticular (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201902FFBEFD4AF80B96FBF81B" box="[640,727,1933,1957]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="21.[113,176,1453,1477]" captionTargetBox="[115,1457,145,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-105@21.[114,1458,144,1426]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 17.Clevelandella þyntai sp.nov.from life (A–E) and asser protargol impregnation (F–K).From SRU.(A* B* F* G* K) slender morphotype* (C–E* H–J) broad morphotype.A* ventral view showing posterior extent of ciliation on the right margin (white arrowhead) and less margin (black arrowhead).B* dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and straight dorsal kineties (white arrow).C* ventral view (optical section) showing cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow)* right kinetal suture (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)*and cytoproct (white arrow).D* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling kineties (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow).E* ventral view showing the margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and bulbous less protuberance extending over less cell margin (white arrowhead).F* detail showing karyophore(black arrowhead).G* ventral view (optical section) showing the karyophore (black arrowhead)* micronucleus (white arrow)* and cytoproct (white arrowhead).H* dorsal view showing karyophore (black arrowheads)* micronucleus (white arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (black arrow).I* ventral infraciliature showing less-hand spiralling kineties (asterisk) and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrow). J* dorsal infraciliature showing straight dorsal kineties (asterisk). K* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm (A–E* G–J)* 10 µm (F* K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542030" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542030/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 17B</figureCitation>
* H)* chromatin granular; micronucleus distinctly ellipsoidal (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201902FFBEFA56F9F59744F914" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="21.[113,176,1453,1477]" captionTargetBox="[115,1457,145,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-105@21.[114,1458,144,1426]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 17.Clevelandella þyntai sp.nov.from life (A–E) and asser protargol impregnation (F–K).From SRU.(A* B* F* G* K) slender morphotype* (C–E* H–J) broad morphotype.A* ventral view showing posterior extent of ciliation on the right margin (white arrowhead) and less margin (black arrowhead).B* dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and straight dorsal kineties (white arrow).C* ventral view (optical section) showing cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow)* right kinetal suture (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)*and cytoproct (white arrow).D* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling kineties (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow).E* ventral view showing the margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and bulbous less protuberance extending over less cell margin (white arrowhead).F* detail showing karyophore(black arrowhead).G* ventral view (optical section) showing the karyophore (black arrowhead)* micronucleus (white arrow)* and cytoproct (white arrowhead).H* dorsal view showing karyophore (black arrowheads)* micronucleus (white arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (black arrow).I* ventral infraciliature showing less-hand spiralling kineties (asterisk) and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrow). J* dorsal infraciliature showing straight dorsal kineties (asterisk). K* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm (A–E* G–J)* 10 µm (F* K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542030" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542030/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 17H</figureCitation>
)* adjacent to macronucleus* about 7 × 4 µm. Presence of karyophore highly variable* not seen or quite inconspicuous
<emphasis id="508DEAB71902FFBEFCF3F95797ACF956" box="[825,896,1745,1768]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">in vivo</emphasis>
* when present* appearance in protargol preparations (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201902FFBEFC8EF97697B2F8B6" box="[836,926,1776,1800]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="21.[113,176,1453,1477]" captionTargetBox="[115,1457,145,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-105@21.[114,1458,144,1426]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 17.Clevelandella þyntai sp.nov.from life (A–E) and asser protargol impregnation (F–K).From SRU.(A* B* F* G* K) slender morphotype* (C–E* H–J) broad morphotype.A* ventral view showing posterior extent of ciliation on the right margin (white arrowhead) and less margin (black arrowhead).B* dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and straight dorsal kineties (white arrow).C* ventral view (optical section) showing cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow)* right kinetal suture (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)*and cytoproct (white arrow).D* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling kineties (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow).E* ventral view showing the margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and bulbous less protuberance extending over less cell margin (white arrowhead).F* detail showing karyophore(black arrowhead).G* ventral view (optical section) showing the karyophore (black arrowhead)* micronucleus (white arrow)* and cytoproct (white arrowhead).H* dorsal view showing karyophore (black arrowheads)* micronucleus (white arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (black arrow).I* ventral infraciliature showing less-hand spiralling kineties (asterisk) and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrow). J* dorsal infraciliature showing straight dorsal kineties (asterisk). K* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm (A–E* G–J)* 10 µm (F* K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542030" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542030/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 17G</figureCitation>
) highly variable (seen at anterior and posterior ends of macronucleus in 11 of 39 cells* anterior end only in 7 of 39 cells* at posterior end only 4 of 39 cells* undetectable in 17 of 39 cells). Swims lazily. Somatic ciliature composed of about 80–100 somatic ciliary rows in
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261902FFBEFB4AF8EB9106F83B" box="[1152,1322,1901,1925]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="family">Clevelandellidae</taxonomicName>
paưern* about 20–25 ciliary rows extend on to peristomial projection* somatic cilia restricted to approximately anterior two-thirds of cell except for four or five ciliated circumperistomial kineties. Sutural kinetofragments absent. Adoral zone usually extends about 45% of body length* composed of an average of 60 membranelles* base of membranelles longest in posterior one-third of adoral zone. POM as described for the family.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3686662D1902FFBEFF48FA9490D5F9FD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541999" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14541999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541999/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[130,195,1298,1322]" targetBox="[130,1475,145,1270]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="624636A51902FFBEFF48FA94916AFA95" blockId="12.[129,1441,1298,1603]" box="[130,1350,1298,1323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71902FFBEFF48FA9494F6FA95" bold="true" box="[130,218,1298,1323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261902FFBEFF14FA9595B9FA95" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[222,405,1299,1323]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="philipi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71902FFBEFF14FA9595B9FA95" box="[222,405,1299,1323]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Clevelandella philipi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1902FFBEFE50FA9595F1FA95" box="[410,477,1299,1323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
*
<emphasis id="508DEAB71902FFBEFE23FA95960FFA94" box="[489,547,1299,1322]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">in vivo</emphasis>
(A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–I). From STH (A–G) and ASS (H* I). A*
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51902FFBEFF4BFAA990D5F9FD" blockId="12.[129,1441,1298,1603]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">ventral view showing thick* hyaline cortical layer (between black arrowheads)* cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrow) and adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing posterior extent of somatic ciliation (white arrowheads). Note variability of macronuclear shape (A* B). C* ventral infraciliature with detail (inset) showing right sutural kinetofragments (white arrowheads). D* dorsal view showing infraciliature* ciliated circumperistomial kineties (black arrow)* looping kineties of peristomial projection (white arrow)* and cytoproct (black arrowhead). E* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (black asterisk) and right sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead). F* dorsal view showing straight somatic kineties (white asterisk)* disordered basal bodies on less protuberance (white arrow)* and paroral membrane (black arrowhead). G* dorsal view showing micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* dorsal view showing straight dorsal somatic kineties (asterisk)* proximal margin of the peristomial overture (white arrow)* and looping kineties of peristomial projection (black arrowhead). I* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral membrane composed of shorter right file (black arrowhead) and longer less file (white arrowhead) of basal bodies. Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm (A–H) 10 µm (I).</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3686662D1903FFBFFFB8FA2897C8F989" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542001" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542001/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[114,179,1454,1478]" targetBox="[115,1458,149,1424]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="624636A51903FFBFFFB8FA2897C8F989" blockId="13.[114,1438,1454,1591]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71903FFBFFFB8FA2894E6FA78" bold="true" box="[114,202,1454,1478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figure 8.</emphasis>
Schematic drawings of
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261903FFBFFE6DFA2896A4FA78" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[423,648,1454,1478]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hromadkai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71903FFBFFE6DFA2896A4FA78" box="[423,648,1454,1478]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Clevelandella hromadkai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1903FFBFFD47FA2996FFFA78" box="[653,723,1455,1478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from life (A–D) and asser protargol impregnation (E–G); long morphotype (A–C)* short morphotype (D–G). A* less lateral view. B* right lateral view. C* (I–IV) cell outline in clockwise rotation around long axis. D* ventral view. E* ventral view. F* ventral infraciliature. G* dorsal infraciliature. AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; K* karyophore; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars: 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="624636A51903FFBFFFBBF8BA97C4F920" blockId="13.[113,763,1852,1970]" lastBlockId="13.[810,1459,1638,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71903FFBFFFBBF8BA95CDF8EA" box="[113,481,1852,1876]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks on phenotypic variability:</emphasis>
Two genetically different populations were detected in SRU host: (i) (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201903FFBFFDA8F8DA9692F8CA" box="[610,702,1884,1908]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="21.[113,176,1453,1477]" captionTargetBox="[115,1457,145,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-105@21.[114,1458,144,1426]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 17.Clevelandella þyntai sp.nov.from life (A–E) and asser protargol impregnation (F–K).From SRU.(A* B* F* G* K) slender morphotype* (C–E* H–J) broad morphotype.A* ventral view showing posterior extent of ciliation on the right margin (white arrowhead) and less margin (black arrowhead).B* dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and straight dorsal kineties (white arrow).C* ventral view (optical section) showing cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow)* right kinetal suture (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)*and cytoproct (white arrow).D* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling kineties (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow).E* ventral view showing the margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and bulbous less protuberance extending over less cell margin (white arrowhead).F* detail showing karyophore(black arrowhead).G* ventral view (optical section) showing the karyophore (black arrowhead)* micronucleus (white arrow)* and cytoproct (white arrowhead).H* dorsal view showing karyophore (black arrowheads)* micronucleus (white arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (black arrow).I* ventral infraciliature showing less-hand spiralling kineties (asterisk) and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrow). J* dorsal infraciliature showing straight dorsal kineties (asterisk). K* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm (A–E* G–J)* 10 µm (F* K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542030" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542030/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 17A</figureCitation>
) and (ii) (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201903FFBFFF61F8FD9501F82D" box="[171,301,1915,1939]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="21.[113,176,1453,1477]" captionTargetBox="[115,1457,145,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-105@21.[114,1458,144,1426]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 17.Clevelandella þyntai sp.nov.from life (A–E) and asser protargol impregnation (F–K).From SRU.(A* B* F* G* K) slender morphotype* (C–E* H–J) broad morphotype.A* ventral view showing posterior extent of ciliation on the right margin (white arrowhead) and less margin (black arrowhead).B* dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and straight dorsal kineties (white arrow).C* ventral view (optical section) showing cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow)* right kinetal suture (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)*and cytoproct (white arrow).D* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling kineties (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow).E* ventral view showing the margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and bulbous less protuberance extending over less cell margin (white arrowhead).F* detail showing karyophore(black arrowhead).G* ventral view (optical section) showing the karyophore (black arrowhead)* micronucleus (white arrow)* and cytoproct (white arrowhead).H* dorsal view showing karyophore (black arrowheads)* micronucleus (white arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (black arrow).I* ventral infraciliature showing less-hand spiralling kineties (asterisk) and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrow). J* dorsal infraciliature showing straight dorsal kineties (asterisk). K* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm (A–E* G–J)* 10 µm (F* K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542030" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542030/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 17B–K</figureCitation>
* 18). Cells of population (i) were markedly larger than cells of population (ii)—cell size
<emphasis id="508DEAB71903FFBFFD78F81D96D6F80C" box="[690,762,1947,1970]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">in vivo</emphasis>
180 × 65 µm vs. 141 × 64 µm (Supporting Information* Tables S13* S14).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51903FFBFFC8FF9239154F8A5" blockId="13.[810,1459,1638,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Based on overall morphology* the cells can be divided into two more or less distinct morphotypes: slender (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201903FFBFFAD6F942915AF962" box="[1308,1398,1732,1756]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="20.[128,192,1102,1126]" captionTargetBox="[128,1472,147,1072]" captionTargetId="figure-400@20.[127,1474,146,1074]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 16. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella þyntai sp. nov.from life (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–E). From SRU.A* ventral view. B* ventral view.C* ventral view.D* ventral infraciliature.E* dorsal infraciliature.AP* cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin; AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; CW* ciliary whorl of less protuberance; K* karyophore; Ma* macronucleus* Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties.Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542026" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542026/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 16A</figureCitation>
* 17A* B* G* 18A* B) and broad (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201903FFBFFBE7F962908EF942" box="[1069,1186,1764,1788]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="20.[128,192,1102,1126]" captionTargetBox="[128,1472,147,1072]" captionTargetId="figure-400@20.[127,1474,146,1074]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 16. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella þyntai sp. nov.from life (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–E). From SRU.A* ventral view. B* ventral view.C* ventral view.D* ventral infraciliature.E* dorsal infraciliature.AP* cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin; AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; CW* ciliary whorl of less protuberance; K* karyophore; Ma* macronucleus* Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties.Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542026" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542026/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 16B–E</figureCitation>
* 17C–E* H–K* 18C–F). In population (i) only the slender morphotype was detected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51903FFBDFCE0F8BB9679F99E" blockId="13.[809,1459,1852,1971]" lastBlockId="15.[113,762,1482,1568]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71903FFBFFCE0F8BB9045F8EA" box="[810,1129,1852,1876]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Occurrence:
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261903FFBFFC68F8BA9045F8EA" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[930,1129,1852,1876]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="tyntai">Clevelandella þyntai</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="D2913CF81903FFBDFBA7F8BA967DF99E" collectionCode="SRU" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
occurred in all six dissected
<collectionCode id="04E8AE601903FFBFFA48F8BA919FF8EA" box="[1410,1459,1852,1876]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">SRU</collectionCode>
individuals (all from the same family group). Population (i) was detected in only one individual (subadult female)* the very same in which
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261903FFBFFC42F81D97EAF80C" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[904,966,1946,1970]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="sidi">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71903FFBFFC42F81D97EAF80C" box="[904,966,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. sidi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see above) was found. Ŋe five remaining hosts harboured population (ii): in four (male*
<specimenCount id="74FFFD2C1901FFBDFDFBFA4C9680FA5C" box="[561,684,1482,1506]" count="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
* and a larva) of them the slender and broad morphotypes co-occurred and in one (larva) only the slender was present
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3686662D1900FFBCFF4BF8AD919AF80D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542003" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542003/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[129,194,1835,1859]" targetBox="[147,1456,144,1806]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="624636A51900FFBCFF4BF8AD919AF80D" blockId="14.[129,1462,1835,1971]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71900FFBCFF4BF8AD94F4F8FD" bold="true" box="[129,216,1835,1859]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figure 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261900FFBCFF17F8AD9591F8FD" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[221,445,1835,1859]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hromadkai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71900FFBCFF17F8AD9591F8FD" box="[221,445,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Clevelandella hromadkai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1900FFBCFE08F8AA9624F8FD" box="[450,520,1836,1859]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
short morph: from life (A–C* F–H) and asser protargol impregnation (D* E* I). From ASS. A* less ventrolateral view showing micronucleus (white arrow)* adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and the posterior extent of ciliation on the right (black arrowhead) and less (white arrow head) margins. B* ventral view* (optical section) showing the cytostome (white arrowhead)* contractile vacuole (black arrow) and margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead). C* less lateral view showing collecting vesicles of the contractile vacuole (white arrowheads)* the micronucleus (white arrow) and the margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead). D*
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3686662D1901FFBDFFB8FB3B9550FA24" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542005" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542005/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[114,179,1213,1237]" targetBox="[114,1440,145,1184]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="624636A51901FFBDFFB8FB3B9550FA24" blockId="15.[114,1450,1213,1434]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFFB8FB3B94FBFB68" bold="true" box="[114,215,1213,1238]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figure 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFF11FB389597FB68" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[219,443,1214,1238]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hromadkai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFF11FB389597FB68" box="[219,443,1214,1238]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Clevelandella hromadkai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1901FFBDFE0AFB38962BFB6B" box="[448,519,1214,1237]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
long morph from life (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D–F). From ASS (A* E* F)* and PAC (B–D). A* ventral view showing micronucleus (white arrow)* less protuberance (black arrowhead)* and karyophore (black arrow). B* less ventrolateral view showing peristomial overture (white arrow)* collecting vesicles of contractile vacuole (white arrowheads)* and the posterior extent of ciliation on the less ventrolateral margin (black arrowhead). C* right dorsolateral view showing contractile vacuole collecting vesicles (white arrowheads)* the posterior extent of ciliation on the dorsolateral margin (black arrow)* the micronucleus (white arrow)* and the adoral membranelles (black arrowhead). D* detail showing micronucleus (white arrowhead) and karyophore (white arrow). E* less ventrolateral view showing micronucleus (white arrowhead). F* (same cell as E) showing posterior margin of less protuberance. Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm (A–C* E* F)* 10 µm (D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="624636A51901FFBDFF6BF9B996DBF962" blockId="15.[113,763,1599,1756]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFF6BF9B9963AF9E7" bold="true" box="[161,534,1599,1626]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Redescriptions of known species of</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFDD0F9B994ABF9C0" authority="In" authorityName="In" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="family">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFDD0F9B996E7F9E7" bold="true" box="[538,715,1599,1625]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Clevelandellidae</emphasis>
In
</taxonomicName>
addition to the newly described species* a number of known species was observed* namely:
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFE09F90096FEF923" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[451,722,1670,1694]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Anteclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="constricta">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFE09F90096FEF923" box="[451,722,1670,1694]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Anteclevelandella constricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFD2EF90094CEF903" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="nipponensis">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFD2EF90094CEF903" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">R. nipponensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFF26F9209561F903" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[236,333,1701,1725]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFF26F9209561F903" box="[236,333,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">R. hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFE9DF9239607F903" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1937" box="[343,555,1701,1725]" genus="Paraclevelandia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFE9DF9239607F903" box="[343,555,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Paraclevelandia brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFDFFF92394B6F962" genus="Paraclevelandia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFDFFF92394B6F962" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Paraclevelandia simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFF68F9439521F962" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[162,269,1732,1756]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFF68F9439521F962" box="[162,269,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFEDFF94395EEF962" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[277,450,1732,1756]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="parapanesthiae">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFEDFF94395EEF962" box="[277,450,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. parapanesthiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFE00F9439605F962" box="[458,553,1732,1756]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="kidderi">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFE00F9439605F962" box="[458,553,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. kidderi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(weconsider
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFD64F94396DBF962" box="[686,759,1732,1756]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="lynni">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFD64F94396DBF962" box="[686,759,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C.lynni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51901FFBDFCE0FA4C9198F962" blockId="15.[810,1460,1482,1756]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Pecina and Vďačný* 2020 as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFAECFA4C91AAFA5C" box="[1318,1414,1482,1506]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="kidderi">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFAECFA4C91AAFA5C" box="[1318,1414,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. kidderi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
* see discussion)* and
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFC12FA6F9075F9BF" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[984,1113,1513,1537]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="panesthiae">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFC12FA6F9075F9BF" box="[984,1113,1513,1537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. panesthiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Most* but not all available ciliate populations were morphologically characterized. For known species* except
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFC01F9AE9016F9FE" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[971,1082,1576,1600]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFC01F9AE9016F9FE" box="[971,1082,1576,1600]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
* which has not been reported since its original discovery by
<bibRefCitation id="06684B541901FFBDFBEBF9C19094F9E1" author="Kidder GW" box="[1057,1208,1607,1631]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="163 - 205" refId="ref35089" refString="Kidder GW. Ne intestinal protozoa of the wood-feeding roach Panesthia. Parasitology 1937; 29: 163 - 205." type="journal article" year="1937">Kidder (1937)</bibRefCitation>
* descriptions are limited to those characters not previously reported* previously recorded inaccurately (e.g. somatic ciliature)* or deviating significantly from previous descriptions. Apart from them* two species were detected but less undescribed* namely:
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261901FFBDFB0BF9429198F962" box="[1217,1460,1732,1756]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71901FFBDFB0BF94291BCF962" box="[1217,1424,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Rhynchoclevelandella</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51901FFBDFFBBF8B595E4F805" blockId="15.[113,1454,1843,1979]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">less ventrolateral view. E* less lateral view showing micronucleus (white arrow). F* less ventrolateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (black arrowheads) and micronucleus (white arrow). G* ventral view showing less protuberance overlying less cell margin (asterisk)* contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* and thick hyaline subcortical layer (black arrowheads). H* less lateral view showing concavity of dorsal surface (black arrow). I* detail of diplostichomonad paroral membrane showing the end of the shorter right file (black arrowhead). Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm (A–H)* 10 µm (I).</paragraph>
<caption id="3686662D191EFFA2FF4BF93B9725F86C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542007" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542007" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542007/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[129,194,1725,1749]" targetBox="[129,1473,141,1697]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="624636A5191EFFA2FF4BF93B9725F86C" blockId="16.[129,1456,1725,2002]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191EFFA2FF4BF93B94C9F96B" bold="true" box="[129,229,1725,1749]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figure 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191EFFA2FF23F93B95E5F96B" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[233,457,1725,1749]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hromadkai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191EFFA2FF23F93B95E5F96B" box="[233,457,1725,1749]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Clevelandella hromadkai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC191EFFA2FE04F9389639F96B" box="[462,533,1726,1749]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(from ASS) in the scanning electron microscope. A* right lateral view showing overall cell shape with concave dorsal margin (white arrowhead) and convex ventral margin (black arrowhead)* ciliated anterior parts (black asterisk) and unciliated posterior parts (white asterisk) of somatic kineties* and prominent posterior peristomial projection (black arrow). B* posterodorsal view showing less posterior protuberance (black arrowhead) and peristomial overture (black arrow). C* less lateral view showing dorsoventral flaưening* cilia protruding from the cytoproct (black arrowhead) on the less protuberance (white asterisk). D* posterodorsal view (down less) showing spiralling somatic kineties (white asterisk) and peristomial overture (black arrow) and right lateral view (black asterisk). E* posterodorsal view showing the cytoproct on the less protuberance (black arrow)* the ciliated circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead)* and the adoral membranelles on the right wall of the infundibulum (black arrowhead). F* detail view of the less protuberance showing unciliated parts of kineties (white arrowheads) converging on the ciliated cytoproct (black arrowhead) and the fully ciliated dikinetids of the anterior body part (black arrow). Scale bars: 20 µm (A–E)* 5 µm (F).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3686662D191FFFA3FFBBFCD49776FC00" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542011" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542011/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[113,178,850,874]" targetBox="[114,1457,146,820]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="624636A5191FFFA3FFBBFCD49776FC00" blockId="17.[113,1384,850,958]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191FFFA3FFBBFCD494F9FCD4" bold="true" box="[113,213,850,874]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figure 12.</emphasis>
Schematic drawings of
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191FFFA3FE78FCD49659FCD4" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[434,629,850,874]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="klobasa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191FFFA3FE78FCD49659FCD4" box="[434,629,850,874]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Clevelandella klobasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC191FFFA3FDB3FCD496ECFCD7" box="[633,704,850,873]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from life (A) and asser protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual. B* ventral view. C* ventral infraciliature. D* dorsal infraciliature. AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars: 40 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3686662D191FFFA3FFBBF96E9673F832" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542015" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542015/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[113,178,1768,1792]" targetBox="[114,1452,1006,1738]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="624636A5191FFFA3FFBBF96E9673F832" blockId="17.[113,1444,1768,1932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191FFFA3FFBBF96E94F9F8BE" bold="true" box="[113,213,1768,1792]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figure 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191FFFA3FF13F96E95B7F8BE" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[217,411,1768,1792]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="klobasa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191FFFA3FF13F96E95B7F8BE" box="[217,411,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Clevelandella klobasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC191FFFA3FE6AF96E95CBF941" box="[416,487,1768,1791]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191FFFA3FE20F96F9609F8BE" box="[490,549,1769,1792]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">in vivo</emphasis>
(A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D). From STH. A* less ventrolateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead). B* less lateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* contractile vacuole (black arrowhead)* and micronucleus (white arrow). C* optical section showing adoral membranelles (black arrow) and contractile vacuole (black arrowhead). D* less ventrolateral view (optical section) showing micronucleus (white arrow)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)* and paroral membrane (black arrow). Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3686662D191CFFA0FF4BFC5696D5FB83" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542019" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542019/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[129,194,976,1000]" targetBox="[130,1474,145,946]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="624636A5191CFFA0FF4BFC5696D5FB83" blockId="18.[129,1447,976,1085]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191CFFA0FF4BFC5694CAFC56" bold="true" box="[129,230,976,1000]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figure 14.</emphasis>
Schematic drawings of
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191CFFA0FE09FC569673FC56" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[451,607,976,1000]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="sidi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191CFFA0FE09FC569673FC56" box="[451,607,976,1000]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Clevelandella sidi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC191CFFA0FDAEFC579687FC56" box="[612,683,977,1000]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from life (A) and asser protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual. B* ventral view. C* ventral infraciliature (holotype). D* dorsal infraciliature (holotype). AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CV* contractile vacuole; CW* ciliary whorl of less protuberance; CYP* cytoproct; K* karyophore; Ma* macronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars: 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="624636A5191CFFA0FF4BFBEA94C7FB7C" blockId="18.[128,778,1132,1219]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
2 and
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191CFFA0FF0BFBEA9554FB3A" box="[193,376,1132,1156]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="undefined-4">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191CFFA0FF0BFBEA956FFB3A" box="[193,323,1132,1156]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Clevelandella</emphasis>
sp. 4
</taxonomicName>
. Ŋe hosts infected and the occurrence of individual species are summarized inSupporting Information* Table S48.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="624636A51905FFB9FF7EFADE9694FACC" blockId="11.[180,696,1368,1394]" box="[180,696,1368,1394]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71905FFB9FF7EFADE9694FACC" bold="true" box="[180,696,1368,1394]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
(
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201905FFB9FF74FADE9526FACC" box="[190,266,1368,1394]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="18.[129,194,976,1000]" captionTargetBox="[130,1474,145,946]" captionTargetId="figure-409@18.[129,1476,144,948]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 14. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella sidi sp. nov.from life (A) and asser protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual.B* ventral view. C* ventral infraciliature (holotype). D* dorsal infraciliature (holotype). AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CV* contractile vacuole; CW* ciliary whorl of less protuberance; CYP* cytoproct; K* karyophore; Ma* macronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties.Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542019/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 14</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201905FFB9FED9FADE9503FACC" box="[275,303,1368,1394]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="19.[113,178,1106,1130]" captionTargetBox="[113,1458,145,1078]" captionTargetId="figure-377@19.[112,1459,144,1079]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 15. Clevelandella sidi sp.nov.in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–H). From SRU (A–H). A* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and elevated margin of the cytoproct (white arrow).C–E* the same cell in dorsal view: C* showing somatic infraciliature (asterisk)* cytoproct (black arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (white arrow); D* showing cytoproct (black arrowhead) and dorsal kineties (white arrowhead); E* optical section showing excretory antrum within the less protuberance (black arrowheads). F* detail of the macronucleus showing the karyophore (white arrow). G* detail showing the micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* detail of the paroral membrane showing both files of equal length and extending nearly to the posterior end of the peristomial projection (white arrowheads)* a feature unique to this species.Asterisk marks the anterior end. Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars:20 µm (A–D) 10 µm (E–G)* 5 µm (H* I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542024/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">15</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Table S12)
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71905FFB9FFBBFA0B9532FA7D" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Description based on population þom a single SRU host individual þom
<collectingCountry id="1AEE76351905FFB9FF7BFA2D9536FA7D" box="[177,282,1451,1475]" name="Cambodia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Medium-sized* spade-shaped
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261905FFB9FDB9FA2D96D9FA7D" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1938" box="[627,757,1451,1475]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71905FFB9FDB9FA2D96D9FA7D" box="[627,757,1451,1475]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Clevelandella</emphasis>
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* size
<emphasis id="508DEAB71905FFB9FF55FA4D94CDFA5C" box="[159,225,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">in vivo</emphasis>
126–154 × 50–64 µm* usually about 142 × 59 µm* in protargol preparations 95–142 × 37–59 µm* usually about 117 × 46; cell dorsoventrally flaưened* prominent notch between less lobe and peristomial projection; peristomial projection about 28% of cell length* peristomial overture extends to about three-quarters of peristomial projection (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201905FFB9FDA6F9E196EBF9C1" box="[620,711,1639,1663]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="19.[113,178,1106,1130]" captionTargetBox="[113,1458,145,1078]" captionTargetId="figure-377@19.[112,1459,144,1079]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 15. Clevelandella sidi sp.nov.in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–H). From SRU (A–H). A* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and elevated margin of the cytoproct (white arrow).C–E* the same cell in dorsal view: C* showing somatic infraciliature (asterisk)* cytoproct (black arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (white arrow); D* showing cytoproct (black arrowhead) and dorsal kineties (white arrowhead); E* optical section showing excretory antrum within the less protuberance (black arrowheads). F* detail of the macronucleus showing the karyophore (white arrow). G* detail showing the micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* detail of the paroral membrane showing both files of equal length and extending nearly to the posterior end of the peristomial projection (white arrowheads)* a feature unique to this species.Asterisk marks the anterior end. Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars:20 µm (A–D) 10 µm (E–G)* 5 µm (H* I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542024/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
* C). Macronucleus broad inverted teardrop-shaped (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201905FFB9FDB9F90096FFF921" box="[627,723,1670,1695]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="18.[129,194,976,1000]" captionTargetBox="[130,1474,145,946]" captionTargetId="figure-409@18.[129,1476,144,948]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 14. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella sidi sp. nov.from life (A) and asser protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual.B* ventral view. C* ventral infraciliature (holotype). D* dorsal infraciliature (holotype). AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CV* contractile vacuole; CW* ciliary whorl of less protuberance; CYP* cytoproct; K* karyophore; Ma* macronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties.Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542019/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 14A</figureCitation>
* B* 15A–C)* in anterior half of cell* narrow end at right cell margin* micronucleus ellipsoidal (usually about 4.5 × 2.7 µm)* adjacent to macronucleus (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201905FFB9FE94F962959AF942" box="[350,438,1764,1788]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="19.[113,178,1106,1130]" captionTargetBox="[113,1458,145,1078]" captionTargetId="figure-377@19.[112,1459,144,1079]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 15. Clevelandella sidi sp.nov.in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–H). From SRU (A–H). A* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and elevated margin of the cytoproct (white arrow).C–E* the same cell in dorsal view: C* showing somatic infraciliature (asterisk)* cytoproct (black arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (white arrow); D* showing cytoproct (black arrowhead) and dorsal kineties (white arrowhead); E* optical section showing excretory antrum within the less protuberance (black arrowheads). F* detail of the macronucleus showing the karyophore (white arrow). G* detail showing the micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* detail of the paroral membrane showing both files of equal length and extending nearly to the posterior end of the peristomial projection (white arrowheads)* a feature unique to this species.Asterisk marks the anterior end. Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars:20 µm (A–D) 10 µm (E–G)* 5 µm (H* I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542024/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 15G</figureCitation>
); karyophore usually undetectable or inconspicuous in both live* protargol-impregnated cells* located at posterior end of macronucleus (visible in 3 of 15 protargol-impregnated cells) (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201905FFB9FE61F8C4962EF8E4" box="[427,514,1858,1882]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="19.[113,178,1106,1130]" captionTargetBox="[113,1458,145,1078]" captionTargetId="figure-377@19.[112,1459,144,1079]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 15. Clevelandella sidi sp.nov.in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–H). From SRU (A–H). A* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and elevated margin of the cytoproct (white arrow).C–E* the same cell in dorsal view: C* showing somatic infraciliature (asterisk)* cytoproct (black arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (white arrow); D* showing cytoproct (black arrowhead) and dorsal kineties (white arrowhead); E* optical section showing excretory antrum within the less protuberance (black arrowheads). F* detail of the macronucleus showing the karyophore (white arrow). G* detail showing the micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* detail of the paroral membrane showing both files of equal length and extending nearly to the posterior end of the peristomial projection (white arrowheads)* a feature unique to this species.Asterisk marks the anterior end. Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars:20 µm (A–D) 10 µm (E–G)* 5 µm (H* I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542024/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 15F</figureCitation>
). Swims lazily. Somatic ciliature composed of about 80–90 somatic ciliary rows in
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261905FFB9FFBBF8079537F827" box="[113,283,1921,1945]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="family">Clevelandellidae</taxonomicName>
paưern* about 20–25 ciliary rows extend on to peristomial projection; cilia restricted to approximately anterior half of cell. Sutural kinetofragments absent. Adoral zone usually extends about one-half of body length* composed of an average of 52 membranelles* base of membranelles longest in posterior one-third of adoral zone. POM entirely diplostichomonad (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201905FFB9FA47FA019774FA00" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="19.[113,178,1106,1130]" captionTargetBox="[113,1458,145,1078]" captionTargetId="figure-377@19.[112,1459,144,1079]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 15. Clevelandella sidi sp.nov.in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–H). From SRU (A–H). A* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and elevated margin of the cytoproct (white arrow).C–E* the same cell in dorsal view: C* showing somatic infraciliature (asterisk)* cytoproct (black arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (white arrow); D* showing cytoproct (black arrowhead) and dorsal kineties (white arrowhead); E* optical section showing excretory antrum within the less protuberance (black arrowheads). F* detail of the macronucleus showing the karyophore (white arrow). G* detail showing the micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* detail of the paroral membrane showing both files of equal length and extending nearly to the posterior end of the peristomial projection (white arrowheads)* a feature unique to this species.Asterisk marks the anterior end. Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars:20 µm (A–D) 10 µm (E–G)* 5 µm (H* I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542024/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 15H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51905FFB9FCE0FA6690F5F9EB" blockId="11.[810,1459,1503,1621]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71905FFB9FCE0FA669063FA49" box="[810,1103,1503,1527]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Occurrence:
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261905FFB9FC6FFA599063FA49" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[933,1103,1503,1527]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="sidi">Clevelandella sidi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
was obtained only from one wild-born SRU subadult female. Later* another wild-born female from the same family group and four of her offspring were dissected* but none of them contained
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261905FFB9FB5CF9B890F8F9EB" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1174,1236,1597,1621]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="sidi">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71905FFB9FB5CF9B890F8F9EB" box="[1174,1236,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. sidi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<heading id="390E81C91907FFBBFED9F8B59675F8F0" bold="true" box="[275,601,1843,1870]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261907FFBBFED9F8B59624F8F0" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[275,520,1843,1870]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="klobasa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71907FFBBFED9F8B59624F8F0" bold="true" box="[275,520,1843,1870]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Clevelandella klobasa</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71907FFBBFF7EF8E59694F8C3" bold="true" box="[180,696,1891,1917]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
(
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201907FFBBFF74F8E59526F8C3" box="[190,266,1891,1917]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[113,178,850,874]" captionTargetBox="[114,1457,146,820]" captionTargetId="figure-6@17.[112,1459,144,822]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella klobasa sp. nov.from life (A) and asser protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual. B* ventral view.C* ventral infraciliature. D* dorsal infraciliature. AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars: 40 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542011/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201907FFBBFED9F8E59503F8C3" box="[275,303,1891,1917]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[114,1452,1006,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-74@17.[113,1457,1005,1739]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 13. Clevelandella klobasa sp. nov.in vivo (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D). From STH. A* less ventrolateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead). B* less lateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* contractile vacuole (black arrowhead)* and micronucleus (white arrow).C* optical section showing adoral membranelles (black arrow) and contractile vacuole (black arrowhead).D* less ventrolateral view (optical section) showing micronucleus (white arrow)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)* and paroral membrane (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542015/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">13</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Table S11)
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<paragraph id="624636A51907FFBBFFBBF8229049FA34" blockId="9.[113,762,1956,2011]" lastBlockId="9.[810,1461,955,1731]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71907FFBBFFBBF82294DFF864" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Description based on population þom STH hosts þom Papua Neo
<collectingCountry id="1AEE76351907FFBBFF6FF84594C2F864" box="[165,238,1987,2010]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Guinea</collectingCountry>
:
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Large
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261907FFBBFEF6F8459592F865" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1938" box="[316,446,1987,2011]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71907FFBBFEF6F8459592F865" box="[316,446,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Clevelandella</emphasis>
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* size
<emphasis id="508DEAB71907FFBBFE33F8429617F865" box="[505,571,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">in vivo</emphasis>
146–206 × 61–98 µm* usually about 170 × 80 µm; size in protargol preparations 123–163 × 61–80 µm* usually about 135 × 71 µm. Overall cell outline in ventral view more or less symmetrical* broadly lanceolate* widest at middle of cell* anterior cell end bluntly pointed* dorsoventrally flaưened; peristomial projection inconspicuous* merges gradually with cell body proper at midline* thus predominant less lobe absent. Peristomial opening broad. Macronucleus long* slender sausage-shaped (mean 63 × 12 µm) (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201907FFBBFAFCFB1091BDFB10" box="[1334,1425,1174,1198]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[113,178,850,874]" captionTargetBox="[114,1457,146,820]" captionTargetId="figure-6@17.[112,1459,144,822]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella klobasa sp. nov.from life (A) and asser protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual. B* ventral view.C* ventral infraciliature. D* dorsal infraciliature. AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars: 40 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542011/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 12A</figureCitation>
* B* 13A* C* D)* anterior end rounded* posterior end rounded (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201907FFBBFA47FB309779FB53" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[114,1452,1006,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-74@17.[113,1457,1005,1739]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 13. Clevelandella klobasa sp. nov.in vivo (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D). From STH. A* less ventrolateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead). B* less lateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* contractile vacuole (black arrowhead)* and micronucleus (white arrow).C* optical section showing adoral membranelles (black arrow) and contractile vacuole (black arrowhead).D* less ventrolateral view (optical section) showing micronucleus (white arrow)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)* and paroral membrane (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542015/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
* B) or abruptly tapered to short point (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201907FFBBFB38FB539167FB53" box="[1266,1355,1237,1261]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[114,1452,1006,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-74@17.[113,1457,1005,1739]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 13. Clevelandella klobasa sp. nov.in vivo (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D). From STH. A* less ventrolateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead). B* less lateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* contractile vacuole (black arrowhead)* and micronucleus (white arrow).C* optical section showing adoral membranelles (black arrow) and contractile vacuole (black arrowhead).D* less ventrolateral view (optical section) showing micronucleus (white arrow)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)* and paroral membrane (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542015/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
); extends along nearly entire right margin of body proper* convex toward right body margin (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201907FFBBFC32FA92907CFA92" box="[1016,1104,1300,1324]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[114,1452,1006,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-74@17.[113,1457,1005,1739]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 13. Clevelandella klobasa sp. nov.in vivo (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D). From STH. A* less ventrolateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead). B* less lateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* contractile vacuole (black arrowhead)* and micronucleus (white arrow).C* optical section showing adoral membranelles (black arrow) and contractile vacuole (black arrowhead).D* less ventrolateral view (optical section) showing micronucleus (white arrow)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)* and paroral membrane (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542015/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
* C). Chromatin coarsely granular. Karyophore not identified. Micronucleus (4.7 × 4.3 µm) globular* adjacent to anterior right margin of macronucleus (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201907FFBBFA43FAD49779FA34" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[113,178,850,874]" captionTargetBox="[114,1457,146,820]" captionTargetId="figure-6@17.[112,1459,144,822]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella klobasa sp. nov.from life (A) and asser protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual. B* ventral view.C* ventral infraciliature. D* dorsal infraciliature. AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars: 40 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542011/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 12A</figureCitation>
* B* 13B* D). Swims slowly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51907FFBBFC8FFA179049F9B9" blockId="9.[810,1461,955,1731]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Somatic cilia present on only anterior two-thirds of cell. Somatic ciliature composed of about 102 narrowly-spaced kineties* arranged in typical
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261907FFBBFB9BFA5690FFFA56" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1938" box="[1105,1235,1488,1512]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71907FFBBFB9BFA5690FFFA56" box="[1105,1235,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Clevelandella</emphasis>
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paưern. Right sutural kinetofragments not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51907FFBBFC8FF9889102F97D" blockId="9.[810,1461,955,1731]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Peristomial projection indistinct* i.e. flares as it gradually merges with body proper. Lateral part of peristomial opening wide (23 µm) (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201907FFBBFC0DF9CB9011F9DB" box="[967,1085,1613,1637]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[114,1452,1006,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-74@17.[113,1457,1005,1739]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 13. Clevelandella klobasa sp. nov.in vivo (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D). From STH. A* less ventrolateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead). B* less lateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* contractile vacuole (black arrowhead)* and micronucleus (white arrow).C* optical section showing adoral membranelles (black arrow) and contractile vacuole (black arrowhead).D* less ventrolateral view (optical section) showing micronucleus (white arrow)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)* and paroral membrane (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542015/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 13A–C</figureCitation>
). Adoral zone extends about 56% of body length* composed of 59 membranelles (
<emphasis id="508DEAB71907FFBBFB35F9EB913EF93A" box="[1279,1298,1645,1668]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N</emphasis>
= 3)* markedly curved right at about three-quarters of length. Fine morphology of POM (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201907FFBBFC44F92D97CAF97D" box="[910,998,1707,1731]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[114,1452,1006,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-74@17.[113,1457,1005,1739]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 13. Clevelandella klobasa sp. nov.in vivo (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D). From STH. A* less ventrolateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead). B* less lateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* contractile vacuole (black arrowhead)* and micronucleus (white arrow).C* optical section showing adoral membranelles (black arrow) and contractile vacuole (black arrowhead).D* less ventrolateral view (optical section) showing micronucleus (white arrow)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)* and paroral membrane (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542015/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 13D</figureCitation>
) not determined with certainty.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51907FFBBFCE0F96397E5F869" blockId="9.[810,1460,1764,2008]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71907FFBBFCE0F96390A4F942" box="[810,1160,1764,1788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Occurrence:
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261907FFBBFC61F96290A4F942" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[939,1160,1764,1788]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="klobasa">Clevelandella klobasa</taxonomicName>
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is extremely rare as it was found only in two out of 10 dissected individuals of STH: a male and a small juvenile* each of them from a different family group. Ŋe population density was very low in both cases* with no more than 15 cells of
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261907FFBBFBFFF8E490B3F8C4" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1077,1183,1890,1914]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="klobasa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71907FFBBFBFFF8E490B3F8C4" box="[1077,1183,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. klobasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1907FFBBFB6EF8E490DFF8C7" box="[1188,1267,1890,1913]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
present in the entire hindgut. In both cases*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261907FFBBFB99F8079092F827" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1107,1214,1921,1945]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="klobasa">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71907FFBBFB99F8079092F827" box="[1107,1214,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. klobasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
co-occurred with cells of
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261907FFBBFC86F8269002F806" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1937" box="[844,1070,1952,1976]" genus="Paraclevelandia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71907FFBBFC86F8269002F806" box="[844,1070,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Paraclevelandia brevis</emphasis>
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(once also in ‘simplex’ form) and
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261907FFBBFCE0F8469793F869" box="[810,959,1984,2008]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Nyctotheridae" genus="Nyctotherus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71907FFBBFCE0F846978EF866" box="[810,930,1984,2008]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Nyctotherus</emphasis>
sp
</taxonomicName>
..
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</treatment>
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FF0CFDF8968AFD26" bold="true" box="[198,678,638,665]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
(
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FF1AFDF99507FD27" box="[208,299,639,665]" captionStart-0="Figure 3" captionStart-1="Figure 4" captionStart-2="Figure 5" captionStartId-0="8.[131,196,1221,1245]" captionStartId-1="9.[115,180,715,739]" captionStartId-2="10.[129,194,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1463,160,1192]" captionTargetBox-1="[116,1460,145,685]" captionTargetBox-2="[129,1473,144,1700]" captionTargetId-0="figure-432@8.[129,1476,144,1194]" captionTargetId-1="figure-660@9.[115,1462,144,687]" captionTargetId-2="figure-5@10.[129,1473,144,1700]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="Figure 3. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella ananiasi from life (A) and protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual. B* ventral view showing the oral apparatus and nuclear structures. C* ventral infraciliature. D* dorsal infraciliature.AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* circumperistomial cilia; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; K* karyophore; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars:20 µm." captionText-1="Figure 4. Clevelandella ananiasi sp. nov. from ASS. In vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–G). A* ventral view showing karyophore (white arrowhead)* contractile vacuole (asterisk)* posterior extent of somatic cilia (black arrowhead)* and cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). B* ventral view showing a more slender macronucleus* karyophore (white arrowhead)* contractile vacuole (asterisk)* and adoral membranelles (black arrowhead).C* ventral view showing excretory (black arrow). D* ventral infraciliature.E* dorsal infraciliature of same cell as (D). F* detail view of peristomial projection showing the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (white arrowheads).G* detail view showing position of micronucleus (white arrow). Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars:20 µm (A–C)* 10 µm (D–F)* 5 µm (G)." captionText-2="Figure 5. Clevelandella ananiasi sp. nov. (from ASS) in the scanning electron microscope. A* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (white arrowhead)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)* and cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). B* posteroventral view showing posterior end of the right suture (black arrow)* the cytoproct with protruding cilia (white arrow)* the inconspicuous less suture (black arrowhead)* and the posterior end of the paroral membrane (white arrowhead). C* detail view of the peristomial overture showing adoral membranelles (black asterisk)* cilia of the posterior end of the paroral membrane (black arrows)* dikinetids of the posteriormost circumperistomial kinety (white arrowheads)* and cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (white arrow). D* detail [same cell as (B)] showing the single file of basal bodies comprising the posterior part of the paroral membrane (white arrowhead)* cilia of the paroral (black arrow)* and the less suture (asterisk). Scale bars: 20 µm (A* B)* 10 µm (C* D)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541989" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541993" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541995" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14541989/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14541993/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14541995/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 3–5</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Table S4)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51909FFB5FFBBFD4696FBFB30" blockId="7.[111,765,703,1511]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FFBBFD469492FD48" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Description based on population þom ASS hosts þom Papua Neo
<collectingCountry id="1AEE76351909FFB5FFBBFD599495FD48" box="[113,185,735,758]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Guinea</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Small
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FF37FD599557FD49" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1938" box="[253,379,735,759]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FF37FD599557FD49" box="[253,379,735,759]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Clevelandella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
* size
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FE60FD5995CAFD48" box="[426,486,735,758]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">invivo</emphasis>
69–87 × 35–52 µm* usually about 77 × 41 µm; size in protargol preparations 44–67 × 25–34 µm* usually about 55 × 29 µm. Body proper dorsoventrally flattened; overall outline in ventral view asymmetrically spade-shaped* with prominent less lobe* anterior cell end bluntly pointed; peristomial projection joins body proper to right of midline. Less cell margin notched at base of peristomial projection forming a lobe that overhangs the peristomial projection for about one-fissh of its length. Macronucleus ellipsoidal (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FDFDFC5F96A9FC4F" box="[567,645,985,1009]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[131,196,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[151,1463,160,1192]" captionTargetId="figure-432@8.[129,1476,144,1194]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella ananiasi from life (A) and protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual. B* ventral view showing the oral apparatus and nuclear structures. C* ventral infraciliature. D* dorsal infraciliature.AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* circumperistomial cilia; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; K* karyophore; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541989/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
* 4A) to inverted teardrop-shape (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FE97FC7F958AFBAF" box="[349,422,1017,1041]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[131,196,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[151,1463,160,1192]" captionTargetId="figure-432@8.[129,1476,144,1194]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella ananiasi from life (A) and protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual. B* ventral view showing the oral apparatus and nuclear structures. C* ventral infraciliature. D* dorsal infraciliature.AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* circumperistomial cilia; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; K* karyophore; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541989/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 3B</figureCitation>
* 4B–E* G)* anterior end rounded* posterior end acutely tapered* chromatin coarsely granular. Karyophore aưached to posterior margin of macronucleus (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FD1BFBB194A3FBD1" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[131,196,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[151,1463,160,1192]" captionTargetId="figure-432@8.[129,1476,144,1194]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella ananiasi from life (A) and protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual. B* ventral view showing the oral apparatus and nuclear structures. C* ventral infraciliature. D* dorsal infraciliature.AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* circumperistomial cilia; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; K* karyophore; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541989/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
* 4A* B). Micronucleus ellipsoidal (4.4 × 3.4 µm)* adjacent to anterior margin of macronucleus (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FE0FFBF09621FB30" box="[453,525,1142,1166]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[131,196,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[151,1463,160,1192]" captionTargetId="figure-432@8.[129,1476,144,1194]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella ananiasi from life (A) and protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual. B* ventral view showing the oral apparatus and nuclear structures. C* ventral infraciliature. D* dorsal infraciliature.AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* circumperistomial cilia; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; K* karyophore; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541989/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 3B</figureCitation>
* 4G). Swims slowly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51909FFB5FF47FB1396DBFAB5" blockId="7.[111,765,703,1511]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Somatic ciliature consists of about 60 kineties* only anterior two-thirds of body properly ciliated (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FE3FFB33966CFB72" box="[501,576,1204,1229]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-5@10.[129,1473,144,1700]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Clevelandella ananiasi sp. nov. (from ASS) in the scanning electron microscope. A* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (white arrowhead)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)* and cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). B* posteroventral view showing posterior end of the right suture (black arrow)* the cytoproct with protruding cilia (white arrow)* the inconspicuous less suture (black arrowhead)* and the posterior end of the paroral membrane (white arrowhead). C* detail view of the peristomial overture showing adoral membranelles (black asterisk)* cilia of the posterior end of the paroral membrane (black arrows)* dikinetids of the posteriormost circumperistomial kinety (white arrowheads)* and cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (white arrow). D* detail [same cell as (B)] showing the single file of basal bodies comprising the posterior part of the paroral membrane (white arrowhead)* cilia of the paroral (black arrow)* and the less suture (asterisk). Scale bars: 20 µm (A* B)* 10 µm (C* D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541995/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
* B). Right sutural kinetofragments not confirmed* cannot be completely excluded due to suboptimal orientation of cells in protargol preparations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51909FFB5FF47FA95957BFA59" blockId="7.[111,765,703,1511]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Peristomial projection extends an average of 28% of total cell length. Lateral part of peristomial opening extends about three-quarters of length (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FE88FAD795BFFAD7" box="[322,403,1361,1385]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[115,180,715,739]" captionTargetBox="[116,1460,145,685]" captionTargetId="figure-660@9.[115,1462,144,687]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Clevelandella ananiasi sp. nov. from ASS. In vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–G). A* ventral view showing karyophore (white arrowhead)* contractile vacuole (asterisk)* posterior extent of somatic cilia (black arrowhead)* and cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). B* ventral view showing a more slender macronucleus* karyophore (white arrowhead)* contractile vacuole (asterisk)* and adoral membranelles (black arrowhead).C* ventral view showing excretory (black arrow). D* ventral infraciliature.E* dorsal infraciliature of same cell as (D). F* detail view of peristomial projection showing the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (white arrowheads).G* detail view showing position of micronucleus (white arrow). Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars:20 µm (A–C)* 10 µm (D–F)* 5 µm (G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541993/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 4A</figureCitation>
* F* 5A) of peristomial projection. Adoral zone usually extends about 52% of cell length* composed of an average of 23 membranelles. Fine structures of POM unrecognizable due to poor staining but visibly stichomonad at the posterior (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FF14FA49956AFA58" box="[222,326,1486,1511]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-5@10.[129,1473,144,1700]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Clevelandella ananiasi sp. nov. (from ASS) in the scanning electron microscope. A* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (white arrowhead)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)* and cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). B* posteroventral view showing posterior end of the right suture (black arrow)* the cytoproct with protruding cilia (white arrow)* the inconspicuous less suture (black arrowhead)* and the posterior end of the paroral membrane (white arrowhead). C* detail view of the peristomial overture showing adoral membranelles (black asterisk)* cilia of the posterior end of the paroral membrane (black arrows)* dikinetids of the posteriormost circumperistomial kinety (white arrowheads)* and cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (white arrow). D* detail [same cell as (B)] showing the single file of basal bodies comprising the posterior part of the paroral membrane (white arrowhead)* cilia of the paroral (black arrow)* and the less suture (asterisk). Scale bars: 20 µm (A* B)* 10 µm (C* D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541995/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5B–D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51909FFB5FFBBF98E96E9F945" blockId="7.[112,764,1544,1787]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FFBBF98E9595F99E" box="[113,441,1544,1568]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Occurrence:
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FF2CF98E9595F99E" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[230,441,1544,1568]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="ananiasi" status="sp. nov.">Clevelandella ananiasi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1909FFB5FE76F98E9629F9A1" box="[444,517,1544,1567]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
was found in the hindgut of two
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FF71F9A19516F981" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1904" box="[187,314,1575,1599]" class="Insecta" family="Blaberidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Panesthiinae">Panesthiinae</taxonomicName>
species from
<collectingCountry id="1AEE76351909FFB5FE00F9AE96B8F981" box="[458,660,1575,1599]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
: ASS and STH from the same locality (Wanang 3). It occurred in 56% of ASS individuals regardless of age and sex. In STH the ciliate was present only in
<specimenCount id="74FFFD2C1909FFB5FED8F90095A2F923" box="[274,398,1669,1693]" count="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="juvenile">one juvenile</specimenCount>
host individual among 10 dissected insects. When present* the ciliate is typically abundant. In ASS* infection with
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FF3BF9429571F962" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[241,349,1732,1756]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="ananiasi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FF3BF9429571F962" box="[241,349,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. ananiasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1909FFB5FEA8F9429581F965" box="[354,429,1732,1755]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
frequently co-occurs (60%) with
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FFB8F9629482F945" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[114,174,1763,1787]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="sidi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FFB8F9629482F945" box="[114,174,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. sidi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1909FFB5FF7BF96294D7F945" box="[177,251,1764,1787]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
requiring special care in species identification.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="6BBCC5B1D14D134513498A20F8372A83">Morphology maưers: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="058F3464AC8676EFA6E4FA5B0BE5822F">Čepička, Ivan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8D96B797B356C28916BDBE24CFB9AC84">Department of Zoology * Faculty of Science * Charles University * Viničná 7 * Prague * 12800 * Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="44D85FF180F703997FD072CA1296EADE">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1160EE7F2C18088595B551DD9387F1FA">
<mods:date id="00B12924644B615FF1D404AF74E320A3">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0982AA794DF7ABD3D60E16F13219497C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="D9508C5F6FC02C2FF37937FC989D86C7">2023-11-14</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="4171F8701047A7364CB6656622AD4E86" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A4982328CF2DD1D17D35CA5A29C8A456">202</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="A260CE03F13B5333B7F179A778698A9B">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad154</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="89468979EAA1D667E41AE6475B79D906" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad154</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0CE9B4A3D9EB3CA700C68CF35E2A5306" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ADF303C05B69C156668F8D996FF9039D" type="Zenodo-Dep">14541981</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="EA5087B31909FFB5FED3F89C904AFA19" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542034" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542034" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA5087B31909FFB5FED3F89C904AFA19" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EA5087B31909FFB5FED3F89C904AFA19" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<subSubSection id="2AE3652E1909FFB5FED3F89C967EF88B" box="[281,594,1818,1845]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="624636A51909FFB5FED3F89C967EF88B" blockId="7.[281,594,1818,1845]" box="[281,594,1818,1845]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading id="390E81C91909FFB5FED3F89C967EF88B" bold="true" box="[281,594,1818,1845]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="2">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FED3F89C967EF88B" bold="true" box="[281,594,1818,1845]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FED3F89C962DF88B" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[281,513,1818,1845]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="philipi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FED3F89C962DF88B" bold="true" box="[281,513,1818,1845]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Clevelandella philipi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1909FFB5FDCCF89D967EF88B" box="[518,594,1819,1845]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="2AE3652E1909FFB5FF7BF8CC904AFA19" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="624636A51909FFB5FF7BF8CC9697F8DA" blockId="7.[177,699,1866,1892]" box="[177,699,1866,1892]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FF7BF8CC9697F8DA" bold="true" box="[177,699,1866,1892]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
(
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FF71F8CC94D5F8DA" box="[187,249,1866,1892]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[111,176,1165,1189]" captionTargetBox="[112,1456,146,1135]" captionTargetId="figure-359@11.[111,1458,144,1137]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella philipi sp. nov. from life (A) and asser protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual.B* ventral view showing the oral apparatus and nuclear structures. C* ventral infraciliature.D* dorsal infraciliature.AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541997/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FEC9F8CC953DF8DA" box="[259,273,1866,1892]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[130,195,1298,1322]" captionTargetBox="[130,1475,145,1270]" captionTargetId="figure-206@12.[129,1476,144,1271]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Clevelandella philipi sp. nov.* in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–I). From STH (A–G) and ASS (H* I). A* ventral view showing thick* hyaline cortical layer (between black arrowheads)* cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrow) and adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing posterior extent of somatic ciliation (white arrowheads).Note variability of macronuclear shape (A* B). C* ventral infraciliature with detail (inset) showing right sutural kinetofragments (white arrowheads). D* dorsal view showing infraciliature* ciliated circumperistomial kineties (black arrow)* looping kineties of peristomial projection (white arrow)* and cytoproct (black arrowhead).E* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (black asterisk) and right sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead).F* dorsal view showing straight somatic kineties (white asterisk)* disordered basal bodies on less protuberance (white arrow)* and paroral membrane (black arrowhead). G* dorsal view showing micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* dorsal view showing straight dorsal somatic kineties (asterisk)* proximal margin of the peristomial overture (white arrow)* and looping kineties of peristomial projection (black arrowhead). I* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral membrane composed of shorter right file (black arrowhead) and longer less file (white arrowhead) of basal bodies. Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars:20 µm (A–H) 10 µm (I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541999/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">7</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Tables S5, S6)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51909FFB5FFBBF8F99794FD23" blockId="7.[113,762,1918,2005]" lastBlockId="7.[808,1461,144,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FFBBF8F99511F80B" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Description based on populations þom hosts ASS and STH þom Papua Neo
<collectingCountry id="1AEE76351909FFB5FF27F818951AF80B" box="[237,310,1950,1973]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Guinea</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Small- to medium-sized
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FD8FF81B96EBF80B" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1938" box="[581,711,1949,1973]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FD8FF81B96EBF80B" box="[581,711,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Clevelandella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
* size
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FFBBF83B9499F86A" box="[113,181,1981,2004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">in vivo</emphasis>
74–99 × 40–54 µm* usually about 90 × 49 µm; size in protargol preparations 59–88 × 35–47µm* usually about 75 × 41 µm in STH population; size
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FB9BFF3690BEFF79" box="[1105,1170,176,199]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">in vivo</emphasis>
73–95 × 43–59 µm* usually about 87 × 49 µm; size in protargol preparations 49–78 × 29–41 µm* usually about 63 × 34 µm in ASS population. Body proper dorsoventrally flaưened; overall outline spade-shaped in ventral view* widest near junction of body proper with peristomial projection* cell outline asymmetric due to prominent less lobe* anterior end of cell tapers to blunt point; peristomial projection joins body proper near right margin; less cell margin conspicuously notched at base of peristomial projection* less lobe overhangs peristomial projection up to one-third of its length (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FA43FE4F974BFDBF" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[111,176,1165,1189]" captionTargetBox="[112,1456,146,1135]" captionTargetId="figure-359@11.[111,1458,144,1137]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella philipi sp. nov. from life (A) and asser protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual.B* ventral view showing the oral apparatus and nuclear structures. C* ventral infraciliature.D* dorsal infraciliature.AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541997/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 6A–D</figureCitation>
* 7B–D* G* H). Macronucleus usually inverted teardrop-shape (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FCB3FD8E97E9FDA1" box="[889,965,520,544]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[130,195,1298,1322]" captionTargetBox="[130,1475,145,1270]" captionTargetId="figure-206@12.[129,1476,144,1271]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Clevelandella philipi sp. nov.* in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–I). From STH (A–G) and ASS (H* I). A* ventral view showing thick* hyaline cortical layer (between black arrowheads)* cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrow) and adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing posterior extent of somatic ciliation (white arrowheads).Note variability of macronuclear shape (A* B). C* ventral infraciliature with detail (inset) showing right sutural kinetofragments (white arrowheads). D* dorsal view showing infraciliature* ciliated circumperistomial kineties (black arrow)* looping kineties of peristomial projection (white arrow)* and cytoproct (black arrowhead).E* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (black asterisk) and right sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead).F* dorsal view showing straight somatic kineties (white asterisk)* disordered basal bodies on less protuberance (white arrow)* and paroral membrane (black arrowhead). G* dorsal view showing micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* dorsal view showing straight dorsal somatic kineties (asterisk)* proximal margin of the peristomial overture (white arrow)* and looping kineties of peristomial projection (black arrowhead). I* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral membrane composed of shorter right file (black arrowhead) and longer less file (white arrowhead) of basal bodies. Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars:20 µm (A–H) 10 µm (I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541999/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
* E* F)* right margin slightly convex* or ellipsoidal (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FCA4FDA19790FD81" box="[878,956,551,575]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[111,176,1165,1189]" captionTargetBox="[112,1456,146,1135]" captionTargetId="figure-359@11.[111,1458,144,1137]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella philipi sp. nov. from life (A) and asser protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual.B* ventral view showing the oral apparatus and nuclear structures. C* ventral infraciliature.D* dorsal infraciliature.AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541997/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 6A</figureCitation>
* 7A* G* H)* karyophore unobserved. Chromatin coarsely granular. Micronucleus ellipsoidal (5.5 × 2.5 µm)* adjacent to right anterior margin of macronucleus (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FAE3FDE0915AFDC0" box="[1321,1398,614,638]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[111,176,1165,1189]" captionTargetBox="[112,1456,146,1135]" captionTargetId="figure-359@11.[111,1458,144,1137]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella philipi sp. nov. from life (A) and asser protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual.B* ventral view showing the oral apparatus and nuclear structures. C* ventral infraciliature.D* dorsal infraciliature.AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541997/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 6B</figureCitation>
* 7G). Swims slowly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51909FFB5FC8FFD23902BFB8B" blockId="7.[808,1461,144,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Somatic ciliature arranged in about 55 kineties. Cilia present only on anterior two-thirds of cell (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FB58FD4290F5FD65" box="[1170,1241,708,732]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[130,195,1298,1322]" captionTargetBox="[130,1475,145,1270]" captionTargetId="figure-206@12.[129,1476,144,1271]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Clevelandella philipi sp. nov.* in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–I). From STH (A–G) and ASS (H* I). A* ventral view showing thick* hyaline cortical layer (between black arrowheads)* cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrow) and adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing posterior extent of somatic ciliation (white arrowheads).Note variability of macronuclear shape (A* B). C* ventral infraciliature with detail (inset) showing right sutural kinetofragments (white arrowheads). D* dorsal view showing infraciliature* ciliated circumperistomial kineties (black arrow)* looping kineties of peristomial projection (white arrow)* and cytoproct (black arrowhead).E* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (black asterisk) and right sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead).F* dorsal view showing straight somatic kineties (white asterisk)* disordered basal bodies on less protuberance (white arrow)* and paroral membrane (black arrowhead). G* dorsal view showing micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* dorsal view showing straight dorsal somatic kineties (asterisk)* proximal margin of the peristomial overture (white arrow)* and looping kineties of peristomial projection (black arrowhead). I* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral membrane composed of shorter right file (black arrowhead) and longer less file (white arrowhead) of basal bodies. Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars:20 µm (A–H) 10 µm (I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541999/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
). About nine widelyspaced* curved* free transverse ciliary rows on peristomial projection. Right sutural kinetofragments numerous* well developed (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FCA4FCA49794FC84" box="[878,952,802,826]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[130,195,1298,1322]" captionTargetBox="[130,1475,145,1270]" captionTargetId="figure-206@12.[129,1476,144,1271]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Clevelandella philipi sp. nov.* in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–I). From STH (A–G) and ASS (H* I). A* ventral view showing thick* hyaline cortical layer (between black arrowheads)* cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrow) and adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing posterior extent of somatic ciliation (white arrowheads).Note variability of macronuclear shape (A* B). C* ventral infraciliature with detail (inset) showing right sutural kinetofragments (white arrowheads). D* dorsal view showing infraciliature* ciliated circumperistomial kineties (black arrow)* looping kineties of peristomial projection (white arrow)* and cytoproct (black arrowhead).E* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (black asterisk) and right sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead).F* dorsal view showing straight somatic kineties (white asterisk)* disordered basal bodies on less protuberance (white arrow)* and paroral membrane (black arrowhead). G* dorsal view showing micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* dorsal view showing straight dorsal somatic kineties (asterisk)* proximal margin of the peristomial overture (white arrow)* and looping kineties of peristomial projection (black arrowhead). I* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral membrane composed of shorter right file (black arrowhead) and longer less file (white arrowhead) of basal bodies. Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars:20 µm (A–H) 10 µm (I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541999/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
* E). Peristomial projection averages about 24% of total body length in STH population* 28% in ASS population. Peristomial opening extends one-half (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FB7BFCE790D4FCC7" box="[1201,1272,865,889]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[130,195,1298,1322]" captionTargetBox="[130,1475,145,1270]" captionTargetId="figure-206@12.[129,1476,144,1271]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Clevelandella philipi sp. nov.* in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–I). From STH (A–G) and ASS (H* I). A* ventral view showing thick* hyaline cortical layer (between black arrowheads)* cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrow) and adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing posterior extent of somatic ciliation (white arrowheads).Note variability of macronuclear shape (A* B). C* ventral infraciliature with detail (inset) showing right sutural kinetofragments (white arrowheads). D* dorsal view showing infraciliature* ciliated circumperistomial kineties (black arrow)* looping kineties of peristomial projection (white arrow)* and cytoproct (black arrowhead).E* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (black asterisk) and right sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead).F* dorsal view showing straight somatic kineties (white asterisk)* disordered basal bodies on less protuberance (white arrow)* and paroral membrane (black arrowhead). G* dorsal view showing micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* dorsal view showing straight dorsal somatic kineties (asterisk)* proximal margin of the peristomial overture (white arrow)* and looping kineties of peristomial projection (black arrowhead). I* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral membrane composed of shorter right file (black arrowhead) and longer less file (white arrowhead) of basal bodies. Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars:20 µm (A–H) 10 µm (I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541999/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
) to three-quarters (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201909FFB5FCFFFC069750FC29" box="[821,892,896,920]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[130,195,1298,1322]" captionTargetBox="[130,1475,145,1270]" captionTargetId="figure-206@12.[129,1476,144,1271]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Clevelandella philipi sp. nov.* in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–I). From STH (A–G) and ASS (H* I). A* ventral view showing thick* hyaline cortical layer (between black arrowheads)* cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrow) and adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing posterior extent of somatic ciliation (white arrowheads).Note variability of macronuclear shape (A* B). C* ventral infraciliature with detail (inset) showing right sutural kinetofragments (white arrowheads). D* dorsal view showing infraciliature* ciliated circumperistomial kineties (black arrow)* looping kineties of peristomial projection (white arrow)* and cytoproct (black arrowhead).E* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (black asterisk) and right sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead).F* dorsal view showing straight somatic kineties (white asterisk)* disordered basal bodies on less protuberance (white arrow)* and paroral membrane (black arrowhead). G* dorsal view showing micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* dorsal view showing straight dorsal somatic kineties (asterisk)* proximal margin of the peristomial overture (white arrow)* and looping kineties of peristomial projection (black arrowhead). I* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral membrane composed of shorter right file (black arrowhead) and longer less file (white arrowhead) of basal bodies. Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars:20 µm (A–H) 10 µm (I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541999/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
* H) of length of peristomial projection. Adoral zone extends anteriorly about 51% (STH) to 57% (ASS) of body length to end near posterior margin of macronucleus* composed of an average of 30 (ASS) to 32 (STH) membranelles* adoral zone widest in peristomial projection* narrows anteriorly* POM as described for the family.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51909FFB5FCE0FBD0904AFA19" blockId="7.[810,1460,1110,1447]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FCE0FBD09050FBD0" box="[810,1148,1110,1134]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Occurrence:
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FC7BFBD09050FBD0" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[945,1148,1110,1134]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="philipi">Clevelandella philipi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
was found in the hindgut of two
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FC96FBF397F2FB33" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1904" box="[860,990,1141,1165]" class="Insecta" family="Blaberidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Panesthiinae">Panesthiinae</taxonomicName>
species from
<collectingCountry id="1AEE76351909FFB5FBBDFBF09165FB33" box="[1143,1353,1141,1165]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
: ASS and STH from the same locality (Wanang 3). Of STH individuals* all of which were juveniles* 30% harboured
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FB29FB329112FB72" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1251,1342,1204,1228]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="philipi">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FB29FB329112FB72" box="[1251,1342,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. philipi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Since only
<specimenCount id="74FFFD2C1909FFB5FCE0FB5297BAFB55" box="[810,918,1235,1259]" count="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="adult">two adults</specimenCount>
of the STH population (both males) were dissected* no conclusions can be reached about possible life-stage specificity. In the ASS population*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FB8BFA9490B6FA94" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1089,1178,1298,1322]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="philipi">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FB8BFA9490B6FA94" box="[1089,1178,1298,1322]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. philipi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was present in 37% of cockroach individuals regardless of age and sex. When present* the ciliate is typically abundant. In ASS the infection with
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FA92FAD79198FAD7" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1368,1460,1361,1385]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="philipi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FA92FAD79198FAD7" box="[1368,1460,1361,1385]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. philipi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1909FFB5FCE0FAF6975BFA39" box="[810,887,1392,1415]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
frequently (90%) co-occurred with
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261909FFB5FB27FAF69170FA36" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1261,1372,1392,1416]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="ananiasi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71909FFB5FB27FAF69170FA36" box="[1261,1372,1392,1416]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. ananiasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1909FFB5FAABFAF69187FA36" box="[1377,1451,1392,1416]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
* requiring care in identification.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="294D0ED81F6CEDF786BD3878E81EA2E7" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad154" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14541981" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1732841278440" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kotyk, Michael, Bourland, William A., Soviš, Matyáš, Méndez-Sánchez, Daniel, Škaloud, Pavel, Varadínová, Zuzana Kotyková &amp; Čepička, Ivan" docDate="2024" docId="EA5087B31913FF93FC6BFDD897C3FEFB" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad154.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad154" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.9:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Clevelandella panesthiae" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="1669FFCB190EFFB2FFCAFF86942CFFBE" masterDocTitle="Morphology maưers: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1734824145172" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F705C0249E2A04A34896413B5925C7A5">Morphology maưers: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="2AE3652E1913FFAFFC6BFDD89110FDC6" box="[929,1340,606,633]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="624636A51913FFAFFC6BFDD89110FDC6" blockId="29.[929,1340,606,633]" box="[929,1340,606,633]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="390E81C91913FFAFFC6BFDD89110FDC6" bold="true" box="[929,1340,606,633]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261913FFAFFC6BFDD89110FDC6" authority="(Kidder, 1937)" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[929,1340,606,633]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="panesthiae">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFC6BFDD89110FDC6" bold="true" box="[929,1340,606,633]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFC6BFDD890BAFDC7" bold="true" box="[929,1174,606,633]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Clevelandella panesthiae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="06684B541913FFAFFB6CFDD9911DFDC7" author="Kidder GW" box="[1190,1329,607,633]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="163 - 205" refId="ref35089" refString="Kidder GW. Ne intestinal protozoa of the wood-feeding roach Panesthia. Parasitology 1937; 29: 163 - 205." type="journal article" year="1937">Kidder, 1937</bibRefCitation>
)
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<subSubSection id="2AE3652E1913FF93FC81FD0897C3FEFB" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="624636A51913FFAFFC81FD089088FD79" blockId="29.[843,1426,654,711]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFC81FD089088FD79" bold="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
(
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFC9FFD0897E7FD16" box="[853,971,654,680]" captionStart-0="Figure 32" captionStart-1="Figure 33" captionStart-2="Figure 34" captionStartId-0="37.[112,177,762,786]" captionStartId-1="38.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionStartId-2="39.[113,179,1984,2008]" captionTargetBox-0="[113,1449,145,732]" captionTargetBox-1="[130,1473,146,1478]" captionTargetBox-2="[178,1395,144,1968]" captionTargetId-0="figure-595@37.[112,1459,144,734]" captionTargetId-1="figure-154@38.[128,1475,144,1480]" captionTargetId-2="figure-7@39.[178,1395,144,1968]" captionTargetPageId-0="37" captionTargetPageId-1="38" captionTargetPageId-2="39" captionText-0="Figure 32. Clevelandella panesthiae in vivo (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D* E). From ASS (A)* PAA (B* D* E)* and PT (C). A* ventral view (optical section) of typical form showing the contractile vacuole (white arrow)* cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow)* circumperistomial kineties (black arrow)* and hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads).B* ventral view (optical section) showing location of the cytostome (asterisk)* adoral membranelles* (white arrow)* and cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow). C* ventral view (optical section) showing posterior extent of ciliation on the right margin and less margin (black arrowheads)* and unusually tapered anterior end of cell (white arrow heads).D* E* the same cell in ventral view:D* optical section showing cytostome (white arrowhead) amd adoral membranells (white arrow); E* surface view showing ventral infraciliature showing less-hand spiralling ventral kineties (asterisk)* disordered basal bodies on less protuberance (black arrowhead). Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm." captionText-1="Figure 33. Clevelandella panesthiae in vivo (optical sections of same cell). From ASS.A* surface view showing less-hand spiralling ventral kineties (asterisk)* right kinetal suture (black arrowhead)* and position of the cytoproct (white arrow). B* slightly deeper focal plane showing conical ciliated excretory antrum within less protuberance (white arrowheads) and defecated material (black arrowhead). C* slightly deeper focal plane than (B) showing faecal material transiting the ciliated excretory antrum (white arrowhead) and numerous rod-shaped perinuclear symbionts (black arrow and inset). D* approximately same focal plane as (C) showing collecting vesicles of contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) which will coalesce and empty into the excretory antrum and the dense* fine cilia lining the antrum (black arrowhead). Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm." captionText-2="Figure 34. Clevelandella panesthiae in the scanning electron microscope. From ASS. A* ventral view showing right kinetal suture (white arrow) and short less suture (white arrowhead)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)* and ciliated cytoproct (black arrow)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542074" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542078" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542080" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14542074/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14542078/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14542080/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 32–34</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Tables S43–S47; Video S1)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51913FFAFFCE0FD52906FFCF4" blockId="29.[809,1459,724,842]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Ŋree populations (ASS* PAA* and STH) were morphologically characterized by both
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFBC5FD72907CFCB5" box="[1039,1104,756,779]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">in vivo</emphasis>
observations and in protargol preparations and two (PAC and PT) only
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFB64FC9590C1FC94" box="[1198,1261,787,810]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">in vivo</emphasis>
. When present* the ciliate was highly abundant.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51913FFAFFCE0FCEA90F8FAE7" blockId="29.[810,1460,875,1369]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFCE0FCEA974FFC1C" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description based on ASS, PAA, STH, PAC, and PT populations:</emphasis>
Large-sized
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261913FFAFFC30FC0D90AEFC1D" authorityName="Fyntai" authorityYear="2024" box="[1018,1154,907,931]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFC30FC0D90AEFC1D" box="[1018,1154,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Clevelandella</emphasis>
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(on average 133 × 62 µm
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFCE0FC2D975FFC7C" box="[810,883,939,962]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">in vivo</emphasis>
* range 109–168 × 43–84 µm; on average 114 × 56 µm in protargol preparations* range 93–157 × 39–89 µm). Broadly spade-shaped* distinct left-sided notch inconspicuous (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFC54FB8E902CFB9E" box="[926,1024,1032,1056]" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="37.[112,177,762,786]" captionTargetBox="[113,1449,145,732]" captionTargetId="figure-595@37.[112,1459,144,734]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 32. Clevelandella panesthiae in vivo (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D* E). From ASS (A)* PAA (B* D* E)* and PT (C). A* ventral view (optical section) of typical form showing the contractile vacuole (white arrow)* cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow)* circumperistomial kineties (black arrow)* and hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads).B* ventral view (optical section) showing location of the cytostome (asterisk)* adoral membranelles* (white arrow)* and cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow). C* ventral view (optical section) showing posterior extent of ciliation on the right margin and less margin (black arrowheads)* and unusually tapered anterior end of cell (white arrow heads).D* E* the same cell in ventral view:D* optical section showing cytostome (white arrowhead) amd adoral membranells (white arrow); E* surface view showing ventral infraciliature showing less-hand spiralling ventral kineties (asterisk)* disordered basal bodies on less protuberance (black arrowhead). Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542074/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 32A</figureCitation>
* 34D* E) or absent (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFB3AFB8E9143FB9E" box="[1264,1391,1032,1056]" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="37.[112,177,762,786]" captionTargetBox="[113,1449,145,732]" captionTargetId="figure-595@37.[112,1459,144,734]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 32. Clevelandella panesthiae in vivo (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D* E). From ASS (A)* PAA (B* D* E)* and PT (C). A* ventral view (optical section) of typical form showing the contractile vacuole (white arrow)* cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow)* circumperistomial kineties (black arrow)* and hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads).B* ventral view (optical section) showing location of the cytostome (asterisk)* adoral membranelles* (white arrow)* and cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow). C* ventral view (optical section) showing posterior extent of ciliation on the right margin and less margin (black arrowheads)* and unusually tapered anterior end of cell (white arrow heads).D* E* the same cell in ventral view:D* optical section showing cytostome (white arrowhead) amd adoral membranells (white arrow); E* surface view showing ventral infraciliature showing less-hand spiralling ventral kineties (asterisk)* disordered basal bodies on less protuberance (black arrowhead). Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542074/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 32B–E</figureCitation>
* 34A* B). Macronucleus relatively large* slender* inverted teardrop-shape* obliquely oriented in right half of body proper* chromatin finely granular* karyophore not clearly identified
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFA55FBE1977FFB23" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">in vivo</emphasis>
or in protargol preparations. Micronucleus ellipsoidal (about 4.5 × 2 µm). Somatic cilia limited to approximately anterior 60% of cell. Right sutural kinetofragments absent. Circumperistomial kineties only sparsely ciliated (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFA42FB65977AFAA5" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="37.[112,177,762,786]" captionTargetBox="[113,1449,145,732]" captionTargetId="figure-595@37.[112,1459,144,734]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 32. Clevelandella panesthiae in vivo (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D* E). From ASS (A)* PAA (B* D* E)* and PT (C). A* ventral view (optical section) of typical form showing the contractile vacuole (white arrow)* cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow)* circumperistomial kineties (black arrow)* and hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads).B* ventral view (optical section) showing location of the cytostome (asterisk)* adoral membranelles* (white arrow)* and cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow). C* ventral view (optical section) showing posterior extent of ciliation on the right margin and less margin (black arrowheads)* and unusually tapered anterior end of cell (white arrow heads).D* E* the same cell in ventral view:D* optical section showing cytostome (white arrowhead) amd adoral membranells (white arrow); E* surface view showing ventral infraciliature showing less-hand spiralling ventral kineties (asterisk)* disordered basal bodies on less protuberance (black arrowhead). Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542074/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 32A</figureCitation>
* 34B). Adoral zone extends about 60% of cell length on average* composed of an average of 47 membranelles (range 42–52). Paroral membrane not studied.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51913FFAFFBD8FAF890E0FA27" blockId="29.[810,1459,1406,1501]" box="[1042,1228,1406,1433]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261913FFAFFBD8FAF890E0FA27" box="[1042,1228,1406,1433]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="undefined-4">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFBD8FAF890E0FA27" bold="true" box="[1042,1228,1406,1433]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFBD8FAF890B4FA27" bold="true" box="[1042,1176,1406,1433]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Clevelandella</emphasis>
sp. 4
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51913FFAFFCE0FA239077FA63" blockId="29.[810,1459,1406,1501]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261913FFAFFCE0FA2397CEFA03" box="[810,994,1445,1469]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="undefined-4">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFCE0FA239780FA03" box="[810,940,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Clevelandella</emphasis>
sp. 4
</taxonomicName>
was detected in both dissected STR hosts in which it was highly abundant.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51913FFAFFCE0FA799028F96C" blockId="29.[810,1461,1534,1746]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFCE0FA799085F9A8" box="[810,1193,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description based on STR population:</emphasis>
Large-sized
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261913FFAFFAFBFA78919FF9A8" authorityName="Fyntai" authorityYear="2024" box="[1329,1459,1534,1558]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFAFBFA78919FF9A8" box="[1329,1459,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Clevelandella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFCFFF9989759F98B" box="[821,885,1566,1589]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">in vivo</emphasis>
on average 152 v 20 × 63 v 10 µm* range 127–185 µm*
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFCE1F9BB9712F9EA" box="[811,830,1597,1620]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">N</emphasis>
= 9)* spade-shaped* and dorsoventrally flaưened. Less cell margin conspicuously notched at the base of peristomial projection* the lobe does not overhang the peristomial projection. Ŋe peristomial projection constituted approx. one-third to onequarter of cell length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51913FFAFFFBBF8B59035F805" blockId="29.[113,1455,1843,1979]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
showing sutural kinetofragments (white arrow). E* less lateral view showing ciliated cytoproct (black arrow)* unciliated parts of the dorsal (black asterisk) and ventral (white asterisk) somatic kineties* the peristomial overture (white arrow) and cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). F* right lateral view showing the right suture (black arrow) between dorsal (black asterisk) and ventral (white asterisk) somatic kineties and sutural kinetofragments (white arrow* compare
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFD3CF8019768F821" box="[758,836,1927,1951]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="27.[112,177,1281,1305]" captionTargetBox="[115,1453,148,1250]" captionTargetId="figure-95@27.[112,1456,144,1253]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 23. Paraclevelandia brevis* from life (A–C* H* I) and asser protargol impregnation (D–G* J–P). Small ‘brevis’ morphotype (A–G)* large ‘simplex’ morphotype (H–P); from ASS (A* H* I)* SRU (J–M* K* O* P)* STH (B* N)* PAA (C)* PGW (D–G). A* ventral view (optical section) showing the apical sac-like structure (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing the subcortical layer of globules (probable mucocysts* black arrow)* contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (white arrow)* and circumperistomial cilia (black arrowhead). C* dorsal view showing relatively straight course of somatic kineties (asterisk). D* Ventral view (optical section) showing the micronucleus (white arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (white arrow). E* right ventrolateral view showing sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead).F* right lateral view showing sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead)* ventral (white asterisk) and dorsal (black asterisk) kineties.G* detail view showing long (white arrowhead) and short (black arrowhead) files of the paroral membrane* asterisk indicates direction to anterior end of cell.H* ventral view (optical section) showing adoral membranelles (white arrow) and apical sac-like sructure (black arrowhead).I* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling somatic kineties (asterisk) and apical sac-like structure (black arrowhead). J–M* the same cell in ventral view: J* optical section showing inconspicuous anterior and posterior karyophore (white arrows)* the separate apical sac-like structure (black arrowhead)* and elliptical excretory antrum (white arrowheads); K* surface view showing sutural kinetofragmments (black arrowhead)* less-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (asterisk)* and peristomial overture (black arrow); L* excretory antrum (asterisk); M* elliptical cytoproct on less protuberance (black arrowhead). N* detail view showing long (white arrowhead) and short (black arrowhead) files of the diplostichomonad paroral membrane. Asterisk indicates anterior end. O* detail of macrunucleus and micronucleus (white arrowhead) and karyophore (black arrowhead). P* kinetofragments in right suture (black arrowheads).Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars:5 µm (A–F)* 1.25 µm (G)* 10 µm (H–K* O* P)* 2 µm (L–N)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542048/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 23P</figureCitation>
)* the margin of the peristomial overture (white arrowhead)* and the cilia of the adoral membranelles (black arrowhead). Scale bars: 20 µm (A* B* E* F)* 5 µm (C* D).
</paragraph>
<caption id="3686662D1910FFACFF4BF9169613F88A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542054" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542054/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" startId="30.[129,194,1680,1704]" targetBox="[132,1470,145,1648]" targetPageId="30" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="624636A51910FFACFF4BF9169613F88A" blockId="30.[129,1439,1680,1844]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71910FFACFF4BF91694C9F916" bold="true" box="[129,229,1680,1704]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figure 25.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="508DEAB71910FFACFF23F91695DDF916" box="[233,497,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261910FFACFF23F916959DF916" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[233,433,1680,1704]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="elongata">Clevelandella elongata</taxonomicName>
in vivo
</emphasis>
. From SRU. A* ventral view showing adoral membranelles (black arrow)* cytostome (white arrow)* contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* and hyaline subcortical layer (black arrowheads). B* less ventrolateral view (optical section) showing micronucleus (white arrow)* karyophore (black arrows)* contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* and posterior extent of ciliation (black arrowheads). C* less ventrolateral view showing micronucleus (white arrow)* karyophore (black arrow)* and cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (white arrowheads). D* detail of same cell as (C) showing peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow). Ma* macronucleus. Scale 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="624636A51910FFACFEEAF8DB9646F8C9" blockId="30.[129,777,1885,2010]" box="[288,618,1885,1911]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71910FFACFEEAF8DB9646F8C9" bold="true" box="[288,618,1885,1911]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Morphological analyses of cells</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51910FFADFF4BF80294E1F8AE" blockId="30.[129,777,1885,2010]" lastBlockId="31.[111,763,1439,1965]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
A NMDS (non-parametric multi-dimensional scaling) analysis of 455 morphologically characterized protargol-stained cells showed a significant grouping of cells based on their affiliation to particular species (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201910FFACFBEAF8DB9046F8CB" box="[1056,1130,1885,1909]" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1053,1077]" captionTargetBox="[130,1472,145,1023]" captionTargetId="figure-362@40.[129,1473,144,1024]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 35. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plot based on the morphological analysis of traits measured on 455 scales. Ŋe cells are colour-coded and clustered based on their affiliation to 16 investigated strains." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542082" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542082/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
). Two clusters were clearly separated along the first NMDS axis* based on the presence/absence of the peristomial projection. Ŋe first cluster consisted of
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261910FFACFC93F83D9046F86D" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[857,1130,1979,2003]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Anteclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="constricta">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71910FFACFC93F83D9046F86D" box="[857,1130,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Anteclevelandella constricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261910FFACFBB1F83A90CBF86D" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1147,1255,1979,2003]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="klobasa">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71910FFACFBB1F83A90CBF86D" box="[1147,1255,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. klobasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261910FFACFB32F83A9161F86D" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1937" box="[1272,1357,1979,2003]" genus="Paraclevelandia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71910FFACFB32F83A9161F86D" box="[1272,1357,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in ‘brevis’ form and
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261911FFADFF14FA26951DFA09" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1937" box="[222,305,1439,1463]" genus="Paraclevelandia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFF14FA26951DFA09" box="[222,305,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P. brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in ‘simplex’ form; the second cluster contained remaining species. Ŋe second NMDS axis was related to peristomial projection length* macronucleus length* and body width (variable scores -0.054* 0.047* and 0.040* respectively). Ŋe linear discriminant analysis (LDA) resulted in the model accuracy of 0.892* meaning that 89.2% of the cells were correctly assigned to the appropriate species based on the morphological traits only. Ŋe mean accuracy for all the species was 85%. According to the classification matrix (Supporting Information* Table S49)* the lowest correct discrimination levels were recovered in
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261911FFADFF21F95F95D4F94F" box="[235,504,1753,1777]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFF21F95F9596F94F" box="[235,442,1753,1777]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Rhynchoclevelandella</emphasis>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
(14.3%) and
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261911FFADFD5EF95F96D7F94F" box="[660,763,1753,1777]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="kidderi">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFD5EF95F96D7F94F" box="[660,763,1753,1777]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. kidderi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(55.6%).
</paragraph>
<caption id="3686662D1911FFADFFBBFB1590E0FACE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542058" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542058/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" startId="31.[113,178,1171,1195]" targetBox="[113,1457,146,1141]" targetPageId="31" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="624636A51911FFADFFBBFB1590E0FACE" blockId="31.[112,1455,1171,1392]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFFBBFB1594F9FB15" bold="true" box="[113,213,1171,1195]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figure 26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261911FFADFF13FB15958DFB15" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[217,417,1171,1195]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFF13FB15958DFB15" box="[217,417,1171,1195]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Clevelandella elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
asser protargol impregnation. From SRU. A* ventral view (optical section) showing micronucleus (white arrow)* anterior part of the karyophore (black arrow)* and paroral membrane (black arrowhead). B–E* the same cell in ventral view: B* (optical section) showing anterior part of karyophore (black arrow)* micronucleus (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (white arrow)* and paroral membrane (black arrowhead); C* ventral infraciliature showing right kinetal suture (black arrowhead)* less-hand spiralling ventral kineties (asterisk)* and kineties converging to form ciliary whorl on inconspicuous less protuberance (white arrowhead); D* dorsal infraciliature showing straight course of dorsal kineties (asterisk) and looping kineties of peristomial projection (black arrowhead); E* detail view of the long file (black arrowhead) and short file (white arrowhead) of the paroral membrane. F* detail showing anterior (black arrowhead) and posterior (white arrowhead) parts of the karyophore and the micronucleus (white arrow). Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="624636A51911FF93FF47F89E97C3FEFB" blockId="31.[111,763,1439,1965]" lastBlockId="33.[809,1461,144,325]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Ŋe mean shrinking during protargol preparations for all
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261911FFADFFBBF8B19537F8F1" box="[113,283,1847,1871]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="family">Clevelandellidae</taxonomicName>
species combined is 18.6 v 7.4% for length and 16.6 v 10.9% for width. However* close observation on shrinking of individual species (Supporting Information* Table S50) uncovered the striking difference among species* with length shrinkage ranging from 4.2% in
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261911FFADFBBCFA2690F0FA09" box="[1142,1244,1439,1463]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFBBCFA2690F0FA09" box="[1142,1244,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">R. hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to 29.2% in the long morph of
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261911FFADFC58FA399035FA69" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[914,1049,1471,1495]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hromadkai">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFC58FA399035FA69" box="[914,1049,1471,1495]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. hromadkai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and width shrinkage ranging from 1.1% in
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261911FFADFC89FA58978CFA48" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[835,928,1502,1526]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="tyntai">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFC89FA58978CFA48" box="[835,928,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. þyntai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to 31.9% in the long morph of
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261911FFADFB13FA589173FA48" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1241,1375,1502,1526]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hromadkai">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFB13FA589173FA48" box="[1241,1375,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. hromadkai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition* there is an apparent disparity between shrinkage of the cell length and cell width in some species. Ŋe most notable example is
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261911FFADFC8BF9BA9783F9EA" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[833,943,1596,1620]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFC8BF9BA9783F9EA" box="[833,943,1596,1620]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
* whose length decreases in protargol preparations by 22.9%* but its width increases by 12.5%. Ŋe GLM model revealed the significant effect of species (F16*840 = 361.26*
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFCE0F91D9714F90C" box="[810,824,1691,1714]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.001)* cell condition (F1*840 = 343.92*
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFAC4F91D9130F90C" box="[1294,1308,1691,1714]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.001)* and their interaction (F16*840 = 4.5*
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFB48F93C90BCF96F" box="[1154,1168,1722,1745]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.001) on the cell length. Ŋe effect of species (F16*827 = 143.98*
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFB11F95F90C5F94E" box="[1243,1257,1753,1776]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.001)* cell condition (F1*827 = 232.94*
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFB8DF97F9079F8AE" box="[1095,1109,1785,1808]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.001)* and their interaction (F16*827 = 4.85*
<emphasis id="508DEAB71911FFADFC2FF89E97DFF891" box="[997,1011,1816,1839]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.001) on the cell width were also significant. As shrinkage is calculated directly from the cell measurements (i.e. cell length and width)* the GLM model clearly indicates that the rate of shrinkage differs among species considerably. RMA regression did not reveal significant relationship between shrinkage and cell size either in length (R2 = 0.036*
<emphasis id="508DEAB7192FFF93FCE0FF369714FF79" box="[810,824,176,199]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P</emphasis>
= 0.466) or width (R2 = 0.143*
<emphasis id="508DEAB7192FFF93FB52FF36908AFF79" box="[1176,1190,176,199]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P</emphasis>
= 0.133). Nevertheless* a weak positive relationship between shrinkage and cell length (Supporting Information*
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20192FFF93FBFCFF689050FEB8" box="[1078,1148,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[111,176,1165,1189]" captionTargetBox="[112,1456,146,1135]" captionTargetId="figure-359@11.[111,1458,144,1137]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella philipi sp. nov. from life (A) and asser protargol impregnation (B–D). A* ventral view of a typical individual.B* ventral view showing the oral apparatus and nuclear structures. C* ventral infraciliature.D* dorsal infraciliature.AZM* adoral zone of membranelles; CPK* cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV* contractile vacuole; HL* hyaline subcortical layer; Ma* macronucleus; Mi* micronucleus; POM* paroral membrane; POV* peristomial overture; SK* somatic kineties. Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541997/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. S6</figureCitation>
) and a weak negative relationship between shrinkage and cell width (Supporting Information*
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20192FFF93FCE3FEAB9743FEFB" box="[809,879,301,325]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[130,195,1298,1322]" captionTargetBox="[130,1475,145,1270]" captionTargetId="figure-206@12.[129,1476,144,1271]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Clevelandella philipi sp. nov.* in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–I). From STH (A–G) and ASS (H* I). A* ventral view showing thick* hyaline cortical layer (between black arrowheads)* cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrow) and adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing posterior extent of somatic ciliation (white arrowheads).Note variability of macronuclear shape (A* B). C* ventral infraciliature with detail (inset) showing right sutural kinetofragments (white arrowheads). D* dorsal view showing infraciliature* ciliated circumperistomial kineties (black arrow)* looping kineties of peristomial projection (white arrow)* and cytoproct (black arrowhead).E* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (black asterisk) and right sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead).F* dorsal view showing straight somatic kineties (white asterisk)* disordered basal bodies on less protuberance (white arrow)* and paroral membrane (black arrowhead). G* dorsal view showing micronucleus (white arrowhead). H* dorsal view showing straight dorsal somatic kineties (asterisk)* proximal margin of the peristomial overture (white arrow)* and looping kineties of peristomial projection (black arrowhead). I* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral membrane composed of shorter right file (black arrowhead) and longer less file (white arrowhead) of basal bodies. Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars:20 µm (A–H) 10 µm (I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14541999/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. S7</figureCitation>
) was found.
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131
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<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261913FFAFFF1BFA3496B6FA72" authority="Mandal and Nair, 1974" authorityName="Mandal and Nair" authorityYear="1974" box="[209,666,1458,1485]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="kidderi">
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Mandal and Nair, 1974
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<paragraph id="624636A51913FFAFFF5FFA6796D7F9E1" blockId="29.[113,763,1505,1631]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFF5FFA6796FBFA45" bold="true" box="[149,727,1505,1532]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
(
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFF6AFA6794C7FA45" box="[160,235,1505,1531]" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="35.[112,177,982,1006]" captionTargetBox="[114,1457,145,952]" captionTargetId="figure-512@35.[112,1459,144,954]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 30. Clevelandella kidderi in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–E). From ASS (A–E). A* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrow)* ventral kineties (black arrow)* and margin of peristomial overture (white arrowhead). B* dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrow) and posterior extent of ciliation on the less margin (black arrowhead). C* ventral infraciliature showing right sutural kinetofragments (black arrow)* less-hand spiralling ventral kineties (asterisk)* and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrowhead). D* detail view of paroral membrane showing short (white arrowhead) and long (black arrowhead) files* and adoral membranelles* (white arrow). E* detail of macronucleus* ventral view showing inconspicuous karyophore (black arrow). Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm (A–C)* 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542068/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 30</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFF3FFA67953DFA45" box="[245,273,1505,1531]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="36.[127,192,1102,1126]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-407@36.[129,1473,144,1074]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 31. Clevelandella kidderi in the scanning electron microscope (A–D). From ASS. A* ventral view showing less-hand-spiralling ventral kineties (black asterisk) meeting dorsal kineties (white asterisk) to form right kinetal suture (white arrowhead)* cilia protruding from cytoproct (black arrowhead)* and ciliated circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). B* less lateral view showing unciliated parts of dorsal kineties (black asterisk) and ventral kineties (white asterisk)* cilia protruding from cytoproct (black arrowhead)* and cilia of adoral membranelles seen in peristomial overture (white arrow). C* posterior view showing dorsoventral flaưening and right kinetal suture (white arrowhead) between ventral kineties (black asterisk) and dorsal kineties (white asterisk)* and dorsal margin of the posterior peristomial projection (white arrow). D* detail of the same cell as (B) showing cilia protruding from cytoproct (black arrowhead) on the less protuberance (asterisk)* and posterior extent of somatic ciliation (white arrow). Scale bars: 20 µm (A–C)* 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542072" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542072/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">31</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Tables S41, S42)
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One population (ASS) was morphologically characterized by both
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFF62F9AE94C4F981" box="[168,232,1576,1599]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">in vivo</emphasis>
observations and in protargol preparations and one (PA) only
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFF11F9C19536F9E0" box="[219,282,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">in vivo</emphasis>
. Ŋe ciliate was moderately to highly abundant.
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFFBBF90796ABF926" box="[113,647,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description based on ASS and PA populations:</emphasis>
Medium-sized
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFF78F9199518F909" box="[178,308,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Clevelandella</emphasis>
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(on average 128 × 58 µm
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFDADF9269683F909" box="[615,687,1696,1719]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">in vivo</emphasis>
* range 101–168 × 44–72 µm; on average 94 × 50 µm in protargol preparations* range 84–107 × 42–59 µm). Spade-shaped* peristomial projection about 32% of body length* conspicuous less-sided notch at junction of peristomial projection and body proper* less lobe well developed. Macronucleus inverted teardrop-shape with finely granular chromatin* obliquely oriented* situated right of midline in anterior half of body proper. Karyophore at posterior end of macronucleus* visible inconsistently (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFCA4FEED97EEFE3D" box="[878,962,363,387]" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="35.[112,177,982,1006]" captionTargetBox="[114,1457,145,952]" captionTargetId="figure-512@35.[112,1459,144,954]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 30. Clevelandella kidderi in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–E). From ASS (A–E). A* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrow)* ventral kineties (black arrow)* and margin of peristomial overture (white arrowhead). B* dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrow) and posterior extent of ciliation on the less margin (black arrowhead). C* ventral infraciliature showing right sutural kinetofragments (black arrow)* less-hand spiralling ventral kineties (asterisk)* and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrowhead). D* detail view of paroral membrane showing short (white arrowhead) and long (black arrowhead) files* and adoral membranelles* (white arrow). E* detail of macronucleus* ventral view showing inconspicuous karyophore (black arrow). Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm (A–C)* 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542068/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 30E</figureCitation>
). Micronucleus globular near anterior margin of macronucleus. Somatic cilia limited to approximately anterior 60% of cell. Right sutural kinetofragments probably developed (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFCA5FE4F97EAFE5F" box="[879,966,457,481]" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="35.[112,177,982,1006]" captionTargetBox="[114,1457,145,952]" captionTargetId="figure-512@35.[112,1459,144,954]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 30. Clevelandella kidderi in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–E). From ASS (A–E). A* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrow)* ventral kineties (black arrow)* and margin of peristomial overture (white arrowhead). B* dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrow) and posterior extent of ciliation on the less margin (black arrowhead). C* ventral infraciliature showing right sutural kinetofragments (black arrow)* less-hand spiralling ventral kineties (asterisk)* and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrowhead). D* detail view of paroral membrane showing short (white arrowhead) and long (black arrowhead) files* and adoral membranelles* (white arrow). E* detail of macronucleus* ventral view showing inconspicuous karyophore (black arrow). Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm (A–C)* 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542068/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 30C</figureCitation>
)* but beưer oriented and stained cells would be needed to know for sure. Adoral zone extends about 58% of cell length on average* composed of an average of 47 membranelles (range 45–49). POM as described for the family (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFAE9FDA19157FD81" box="[1315,1403,551,575]" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="35.[112,177,982,1006]" captionTargetBox="[114,1457,145,952]" captionTargetId="figure-512@35.[112,1459,144,954]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 30. Clevelandella kidderi in vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–E). From ASS (A–E). A* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrow)* ventral kineties (black arrow)* and margin of peristomial overture (white arrowhead). B* dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrow) and posterior extent of ciliation on the less margin (black arrowhead). C* ventral infraciliature showing right sutural kinetofragments (black arrow)* less-hand spiralling ventral kineties (asterisk)* and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrowhead). D* detail view of paroral membrane showing short (white arrowhead) and long (black arrowhead) files* and adoral membranelles* (white arrow). E* detail of macronucleus* ventral view showing inconspicuous karyophore (black arrow). Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm (A–C)* 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542068/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 30D</figureCitation>
).
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<mods:title id="42B70AE58ADD322E8A3011943977D6A2">Morphology maưers: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D3D23085762B6B81510B4212B72DDDFE">Soviš, Matyáš</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="624636A51913FFAFFF1BFDDF96B7FDCD" blockId="29.[209,667,601,628]" box="[209,667,601,628]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="390E81C91913FFAFFF1BFDDF96B7FDCD" bold="true" box="[209,667,601,628]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261913FFAFFF1BFDDF96B7FDCD" authority="(Kidder, 1937)" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[209,667,601,628]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="parapanesthiae">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFF1BFDDF96B7FDCD" bold="true" box="[209,667,601,628]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFF1BFDDF95D9FDCA" bold="true" box="[209,501,601,628]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Clevelandella parapanesthiae</emphasis>
(
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)
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<subSubSection id="2AE3652E1913FFAFFF59FD0E96BFFA2D" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="624636A51913FFAFFF59FD0E9632FC9B" blockId="29.[113,762,648,805]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFF59FD0E96F5FD1C" bold="true" box="[147,729,648,675]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
(
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFF57FD0F94C5FD1D" box="[157,233,649,675]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="33.[113,178,1522,1546]" captionTargetBox="[119,757,146,1494]" captionTargetId="figure-508@33.[118,758,145,1495]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figure 28. Clevelandella parapanesthiae. In vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–H). From PGW (A)* MP (B* F)* ASS (C* D)* PT (E)* and PGW (G* H). A* ventral view showing adoral membranelles (white arrow)* contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* and micronucleus (black arrowhead). B* ventral view showing atypical macronuclear ‘S’-shape and adoral membranelles (white arrow). C* dorsal view (optical section) showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (white arrow)* and less protuberance (asterisk). D* right lateral detail view of sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead) and dorsal kinety (white arrowhead). E* ventral view (optical section) showing adoral membranelles (white arrow) and less protuberance (asterisk).F* detail view of paroral membrane showing short (white arrowhead) and long (black arrowhead) files.G* dorsal view showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead). H* ventral view showing paroral membrane (black arrow head)* prominent notch (white arrowhead)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542062/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 28</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFF38FD0F9522FD1D" box="[242,270,649,675]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-5@34.[129,1473,143,1699]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 29. Clevelandella parapanesthiae in the scanning electron microscope. From PAC. A* ventral view showing notch (white arrow) between less protuberance (white asterisk) and peristomial projection (black asterisk)* cilia protruding from cytoproct (black arrow)* and cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrowhead). B* dorsal view showing notch (white arrow) between less protuberance (white asterisk) and peristomial projection (black asterisk)* and cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). C* posteroventral view showing posterior protuberance (white asterisk)* cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow)* and cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). D* posterior view showing dorsoventral flaưening* right kinetal suture (black arrow) between ventral kineties (white asterisk) and dorsal kineties (black asterisk)* position of cytoproct (white arrow)* and peristomial overture (white arrowhead). Scale bars: 20 µm (A–D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542064" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542064/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">29</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Tables S35–S40)
</emphasis>
Four populations (ASS* PGW* PAC* and MP) were morphologically characterized by both
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFE07FD499639FD58" box="[461,533,719,742]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">in vivo</emphasis>
observations and in protargol preparations and two (PT and STH) only
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFD42FD6996E4FCB8" box="[648,712,751,774]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">in vivo</emphasis>
. Ŋe ciliate was moderately to highly abundant.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51913FFAFFFBBFCC196BFFA2D" blockId="29.[113,764,839,1427]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFFBBFCC196D6FCE1" box="[113,762,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description based on ASS, PGW, PAC, and MP populations:</emphasis>
Medium-sized
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261913FFAFFEDAFCE095BEFCC0" authorityName="Fyntai" authorityYear="2024" box="[272,402,870,894]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFEDAFCE095BEFCC0" box="[272,402,870,894]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Clevelandella</emphasis>
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(on average 99 × 55 µm
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFD65FCE196D8FCC0" box="[687,756,871,894]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">in vivo</emphasis>
* range 66–119 × 31–71 µm; on average 86 × 46 µm in protargol preparations* range 70–114 × 33–56 µm). Spade-shaped with distinct less notch and protrusive less lobe; peristomial projection short* broad* about 24% of body length. Macronucleus from slender inverted teardrop-shape (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFDD5FB859651FBA5" box="[543,637,1027,1051]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="33.[113,178,1522,1546]" captionTargetBox="[119,757,146,1494]" captionTargetId="figure-508@33.[118,758,145,1495]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figure 28. Clevelandella parapanesthiae. In vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–H). From PGW (A)* MP (B* F)* ASS (C* D)* PT (E)* and PGW (G* H). A* ventral view showing adoral membranelles (white arrow)* contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* and micronucleus (black arrowhead). B* ventral view showing atypical macronuclear ‘S’-shape and adoral membranelles (white arrow). C* dorsal view (optical section) showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (white arrow)* and less protuberance (asterisk). D* right lateral detail view of sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead) and dorsal kinety (white arrowhead). E* ventral view (optical section) showing adoral membranelles (white arrow) and less protuberance (asterisk).F* detail view of paroral membrane showing short (white arrowhead) and long (black arrowhead) files.G* dorsal view showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead). H* ventral view showing paroral membrane (black arrow head)* prominent notch (white arrowhead)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542062/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 28A</figureCitation>
* G* H) to scimitar-like (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFECBFBA49576FB84" box="[257,346,1058,1082]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="33.[113,178,1522,1546]" captionTargetBox="[119,757,146,1494]" captionTargetId="figure-508@33.[118,758,145,1495]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figure 28. Clevelandella parapanesthiae. In vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–H). From PGW (A)* MP (B* F)* ASS (C* D)* PT (E)* and PGW (G* H). A* ventral view showing adoral membranelles (white arrow)* contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* and micronucleus (black arrowhead). B* ventral view showing atypical macronuclear ‘S’-shape and adoral membranelles (white arrow). C* dorsal view (optical section) showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (white arrow)* and less protuberance (asterisk). D* right lateral detail view of sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead) and dorsal kinety (white arrowhead). E* ventral view (optical section) showing adoral membranelles (white arrow) and less protuberance (asterisk).F* detail view of paroral membrane showing short (white arrowhead) and long (black arrowhead) files.G* dorsal view showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead). H* ventral view showing paroral membrane (black arrow head)* prominent notch (white arrowhead)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542062/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 28C</figureCitation>
* E* F)* obliquely oriented* situated right of midline* posterior end extends into posterior part of body proper* karyophore at posterior end of macronucleus* visible only inconsistently
<emphasis id="508DEAB71913FFAFFE8FFB0795A7FB26" box="[325,395,1153,1176]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">in vivo</emphasis>
and in protargol preparations. In MP population cells with S-like (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFE1DFB199603FB09" box="[471,559,1183,1207]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="33.[113,178,1522,1546]" captionTargetBox="[119,757,146,1494]" captionTargetId="figure-508@33.[118,758,145,1495]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figure 28. Clevelandella parapanesthiae. In vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–H). From PGW (A)* MP (B* F)* ASS (C* D)* PT (E)* and PGW (G* H). A* ventral view showing adoral membranelles (white arrow)* contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* and micronucleus (black arrowhead). B* ventral view showing atypical macronuclear ‘S’-shape and adoral membranelles (white arrow). C* dorsal view (optical section) showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (white arrow)* and less protuberance (asterisk). D* right lateral detail view of sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead) and dorsal kinety (white arrowhead). E* ventral view (optical section) showing adoral membranelles (white arrow) and less protuberance (asterisk).F* detail view of paroral membrane showing short (white arrowhead) and long (black arrowhead) files.G* dorsal view showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead). H* ventral view showing paroral membrane (black arrow head)* prominent notch (white arrowhead)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542062/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 28B</figureCitation>
) macronucleus (as well as normal teardrop-shaped) were observed. Micronucleus ellipsoidal* inconspicuous. Somatic cilia limited to approximately anterior 67% of cell. About 10 obliquely oriented* free right sutural kinetofragments in the right suture (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFD46FA9B96C6FA8B" box="[652,746,1309,1333]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="33.[113,178,1522,1546]" captionTargetBox="[119,757,146,1494]" captionTargetId="figure-508@33.[118,758,145,1495]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figure 28. Clevelandella parapanesthiae. In vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–H). From PGW (A)* MP (B* F)* ASS (C* D)* PT (E)* and PGW (G* H). A* ventral view showing adoral membranelles (white arrow)* contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* and micronucleus (black arrowhead). B* ventral view showing atypical macronuclear ‘S’-shape and adoral membranelles (white arrow). C* dorsal view (optical section) showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (white arrow)* and less protuberance (asterisk). D* right lateral detail view of sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead) and dorsal kinety (white arrowhead). E* ventral view (optical section) showing adoral membranelles (white arrow) and less protuberance (asterisk).F* detail view of paroral membrane showing short (white arrowhead) and long (black arrowhead) files.G* dorsal view showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead). H* ventral view showing paroral membrane (black arrow head)* prominent notch (white arrowhead)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542062/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 28D</figureCitation>
). Adoral zone extends about 56% of cell length on average* composed of an average of 38 membranelles (range 35–42). POM diplostichomonad only in anterior quarter (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201913FFAFFDE5FAFD96AEFA2D" box="[559,642,1403,1427]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="33.[113,178,1522,1546]" captionTargetBox="[119,757,146,1494]" captionTargetId="figure-508@33.[118,758,145,1495]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figure 28. Clevelandella parapanesthiae. In vivo (A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–H). From PGW (A)* MP (B* F)* ASS (C* D)* PT (E)* and PGW (G* H). A* ventral view showing adoral membranelles (white arrow)* contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* and micronucleus (black arrowhead). B* ventral view showing atypical macronuclear ‘S’-shape and adoral membranelles (white arrow). C* dorsal view (optical section) showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (white arrow)* and less protuberance (asterisk). D* right lateral detail view of sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead) and dorsal kinety (white arrowhead). E* ventral view (optical section) showing adoral membranelles (white arrow) and less protuberance (asterisk).F* detail view of paroral membrane showing short (white arrowhead) and long (black arrowhead) files.G* dorsal view showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead). H* ventral view showing paroral membrane (black arrow head)* prominent notch (white arrowhead)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542062/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 28F</figureCitation>
).
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<document id="35ECB93F99ED3620F237B238E879C208" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad154" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14541981" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1732841278440" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kotyk, Michael, Bourland, William A., Soviš, Matyáš, Méndez-Sánchez, Daniel, Škaloud, Pavel, Varadínová, Zuzana Kotyková &amp; Čepička, Ivan" docDate="2024" docId="EA5087B3191AFFA6FF15F90B919EF80E" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad154.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad154" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.9:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhynchoclevelandella hastula" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="1669FFCB190EFFB2FFCAFF86942CFFBE" masterDocTitle="Morphology maưers: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1734824145172" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="8909512962BC35FC1DC08F762C4D45AE">Morphology maưers: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="74610A8C78E41A67B0D07DB024F8E088">Kotyk, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="82B04A1E5F10E460707641C79CCF7C72">Bourland, William A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BA6DB99AB657F2610876D6D65964B8AF">Soviš, Matyáš</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5520726D3E7AB0593EAD4E645B2B774A">Méndez-Sánchez, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="D47C3A2CC8C72022FCDCE835810F2344">2024</mods:date>
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<heading id="390E81C9191AFFA6FF15F90B9687F919" bold="true" box="[223,683,1677,1704]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191AFFA6FF15F90B9687F919" authority="(Kidder, 1937)" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[223,683,1677,1704]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191AFFA6FF15F90B9687F919" bold="true" box="[223,683,1677,1704]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191AFFA6FF15F90B962AF916" bold="true" box="[223,518,1677,1704]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Rhynchoclevelandella hastula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="06684B54191AFFA6FDDFF90B968CF919" author="Kidder GW" box="[533,672,1677,1703]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="163 - 205" refId="ref35089" refString="Kidder GW. Ne intestinal protozoa of the wood-feeding roach Panesthia. Parasitology 1937; 29: 163 - 205." type="journal article" year="1937">Kidder, 1937</bibRefCitation>
)
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<subSubSection id="2AE3652E191AFFA6FF67F93A919EF80E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
<paragraph id="624636A5191AFFA6FF67F93A9726F884" blockId="20.[129,778,1724,1850]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191AFFA6FF67F93A96F1F968" bold="true" box="[173,733,1724,1751]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
(
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191AFFA6FF7DF93B9502F969" box="[183,302,1725,1751]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 21L–T</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191AFFA6FEF2F93B9578F969" box="[312,340,1725,1751]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="26.[129,194,998,1022]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,971]" captionTargetId="figure-391@26.[129,1473,144,971]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 22. Clevelandella hastula in the scanning electron microscope.From PGW.A* ventral view showing collapsed less lobar protrusion (black arrow)* right margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead)* less-hand spiralling unciliated part of ventral kineties (white arrowhead)* and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* dorsal view showing less lobar protrusion (black arrow) and unciliated parts of dorsal somatic kineties (black arrowhead) on the characteristically elongated peristomial protrusion (white arrow). C* less lateral view of posterior part of cell showing cilia protruding from the cytoproct on the dome of the less lobar protrusion (black arrow)* the anterior margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead)* cilia of the adoral membranelles (small black arrow)* cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (white arrow)* and the inconspicuous less posterior suture (white arrowhead) between dorsal kineties (black asterisk) and ventral kineties (white asterisk).Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542046/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">22</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Table S24)
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Rhynchoclenelandella
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was detected and morphologically characterized in one host population (PGW). Ŋe ciliate was present in every dissected PGW individual and moderately abundant.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="508DEAB7191AFFA6FF4BF8DA9607F8CD" box="[129,555,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Description based on PGW population:</emphasis>
Small- to medium-sized
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191AFFA6FF0CF8FD9552F82D" box="[198,382,1915,1939]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="family">Clevelandellidae</taxonomicName>
(on average 86 × 31 µm
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191AFFA6FD7CF8FD972FF82C" box="[694,771,1915,1938]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">in vivo</emphasis>
* 80 × 28 µm excluding single unusually large (142 × 53 µm) individual* range 62–142 × 23–53 µm; on average 82 × 24 µm in protargol preparations* range 64–94 × 18–31 µm). Slender spear or spade shape (L/
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W
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–3.4
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*
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protargol preparations)* left-sided notch at base of peristomial projection (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191AFFA6FB8CFA05908EFA25" box="[1094,1186,1411,1435]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 21L</figureCitation>
* M* P)* inconspicuous or absent in smaller cells (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191AFFA6FBF5FA2490B2FA04" box="[1087,1182,1442,1466]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 21N</figureCitation>
* Q). Posterior peristomial projection conspicuously elongated (about 40% of cell length on average)* typically curves rightward (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191AFFA6FA97FA679197FA47" box="[1373,1467,1505,1529]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 21L</figureCitation>
* M* N* P* Q)* in large cells visibly curved in last third (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191AFFA6FA53F9869748F986" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 21L</figureCitation>
* M). Macronucleus broadly ellipsoidal* posterior end sometimes pointed (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191AFFA6FBE2F9B990A9F9E9" box="[1064,1157,1599,1623]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 21P</figureCitation>
* S). Karyophore rarely visible* attached to posterior end of macronucleus (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191AFFA6FA96F9D89191F9C8" box="[1372,1469,1630,1654]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 21O</figureCitation>
* S). Micronucleus ellipsoidal* about 5.1 µm across. Somatic cilia limited to approximately anterior 60% of cell length. Dorsal kineties almost straight in protargol preparations (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191AFFA6FC8FF95A9786F94A" box="[837,938,1756,1780]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 21R</figureCitation>
). Free right sutural kinetofragments present (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191AFFA6FC8FF97D978EF8AD" box="[837,930,1787,1811]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 21P</figureCitation>
). Adoral zone extends about 44% of cell length on average* composed of an average of 26 membranelles (range 23–28).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A5191AFFA6FC9FF8DF919EF80E" blockId="20.[824,1475,1285,1968]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Regarding measured characteristics (Supporting Information* Table S24)* our population is slightly broader than that ofKidder (1937) (L/
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W
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*
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protargol preparations vs. 3.8).
</paragraph>
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143
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<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191CFFA0FF1CFB649698FB42" authority="(Kidder, 1937)" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[214,692,1250,1277]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Anteclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="constricta">
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<emphasis id="508DEAB7191CFFA0FF1CFB649623FB42" bold="true" box="[214,527,1250,1277]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Anteclevelandella constricta</emphasis>
(
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)
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(
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,
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191CFFA0FECBFAA79531FA85" box="[257,285,1313,1339]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="24.[129,195,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-75@24.[129,1473,144,1554]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 20. Anteclevelandella constricta in the scanning electron microscope. From PAA. A* ventral view showing cilia of the adoral membranelles protruding from the peristomial overture (white arrowhead)* the unciliated posterior body part (black asterisk)* and cilia protruding from cytoproct on the less lateral protuberance (black arrowhead). B* dorsal view showing the right kinetal suture (black arrowhead) between the dorsal kineties (black asterisk) and ventral kineties (white asterisk) right suture* and sutural kinetofragments (black arrow). C* less ventrolateral view showing position of cytoproct on less posterior protuberance (black arrowhead) and the anterior margin of the peristomial overture (black arrow). D* less lateral view showing the location of the cytoproct (white arrowhead)* short less kinetal suture (white arrow)* and adoral membranells (black arrowhead). E* detail of same cell as (B) showing short transverse kinetofragments in anterior part of right suture (white arrows) between dorsal (black asterisk) and ventral (white asterisk) kineties. F* showing the lessward-spiralling ventral kineties which lack normal cilia (white arrows) and a cilium protruding from the cytoproct (black arrow). Scale bars: 20 µm (A–D)* 5 µm (E–G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542038/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">20</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Tables S15–S21)
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Six populations (ASS* PAA* PRG* SRU* STH #1* and STH #2) were morphologically characterized by both
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191CFFA0FDA8FAE1968BFAC0" box="[610,679,1383,1406]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">in vivo</emphasis>
observations and protargol preparations* and one population (PAC) was characterized
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only. When present* the ciliate was usually abundant.
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<emphasis id="508DEAB7191CFFA0FF4BFA799631F9A8" box="[129,541,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description based on the above populations:</emphasis>
Medium- to large-sized
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(on average 128 × 38 µm
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* range 78–192 × 21–67 µm; on average 117 × 33 µm in protargol preparations* range 94–142 × 20–47 µm). Shape elongated* cylindrical* transverse constriction at level of macronucleus* anterior cell end broadly tapered* posterior end transversely truncate with short peristomial overture* peristomial projection indistinct since gradually merges with body proper. Macronucleus broadly ellipsoidal* long axis oriented transversely* karyophore at right and less ends of macronucleus. Aggregation of cytoplasmic platelets between macronucleus and anterior end of cell (possibly amylopectin).
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<paragraph id="624636A5191CFFA0FF56F8F097A7FB7D" blockId="18.[129,778,1534,1965]" lastBlockId="18.[824,1474,1132,1313]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Somatic cilia limited to approximately anterior 44% of cell length. About 15 ciliated free transverse kinetofragments* comprising five basal bodies each* occupy right suture in anterior half of cell (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191CFFA0FC79FB0D9027FB1D" box="[947,1035,1163,1187]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-6@22.[129,1473,143,1657]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 18. Clevelandella þyntai sp.nov.in the scanning electron microscope.From SRU. (A* B) slender morphotype* (C–F) broad morphotype. A* dorsal view showing cytoproct on less protuberance (black arrowhead)* anterior margin of peristomial overture (white arrowhead)* circumperistomial kineties (white arrow)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and metachronal ciliary waves (asterisk). B* dorsal view showing the less protuberance (black arrowhead)* metachronal ciliary waves (asterisk)* the anterior margin of the peristomial overture (white arrowhead)* and cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrow).C* ventral view of showing characteristic lateral twisting of less protuberance also seen in vivo (black arrowhead* compare Fig.17E)* the cytoproct (white arrowhead) and cilia of the adoral membranelles (black arrow). D* dorsal view showing straight course of the dorsal somatic kineties (white arrowhead)* the less protuberance (white asterisk)* cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrowhead)* and cilia of the adoral membranelles (black arrow). E* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (white asterisk). F* dorsal view showing straight dorsal somatic kineties (white arrowhead)* cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrowhead)* and area of somatic cilia maưed during preparation (black asterisk). Scale bars:20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542032/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
). Circumperistomial kineties only sparsely ciliated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A5191CFFA0FC9FFB4C9008FA9F" blockId="18.[824,1474,1132,1313]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Oral ciliature as for the family. Adoral zone extends about 48% of cell length* composed of about 47 membranelles on average (range 36–56).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A5191CFFA0FCF3FAC49046F96C" blockId="18.[825,1476,1346,1746]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191CFFA0FCF3FAC497BBFAE4" box="[825,919,1346,1370]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks:</emphasis>
Regarding measured characteristics (Supporting Information* Tables S15–S21)* our populations are slightly larger than
<bibRefCitation id="06684B54191CFFA0FC67FA07907EFA27" author="Kidder GW" box="[941,1106,1409,1433]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="163 - 205" refId="ref35089" refString="Kidder GW. Ne intestinal protozoa of the wood-feeding roach Panesthia. Parasitology 1937; 29: 163 - 205." type="journal article" year="1937">Kidder’s (1937)</bibRefCitation>
isolates* very closely match those of
<bibRefCitation id="06684B54191CFFA0FCF0FA2697FAFA06" author="Albaret J-L" box="[826,982,1440,1464]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 114" refId="ref33418" refString="Albaret J-L. Etude systematique et cytologique sur les cilies heterotriches endocommensaux. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Nouvelle Serie) 1975; 89: 1 - 114." type="journal article" year="1975">Albaret (1975)</bibRefCitation>
* and are similar to measurements published by
<bibRefCitation id="06684B54191CFFA0FCF6FA3997C2FA69" author="Yamasaki M" box="[828,1006,1471,1495]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="65 - 74" refId="ref36953" refString="Yamasaki M. On some new ciliates living in the hind-gut of the roach Panesthia angustipennis Illiger. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses 1939; 18: 65 - 74." type="journal article" year="1939">Yamasaki (1939)</bibRefCitation>
and Pecina and Vďačný (2020b). Individual populations are very similar except for the number of adoral membranelles* which ranges from mean 39 (PAA) to mean 52 (STH population 1). Pecina and Vďačný (2020b) found similar variability in adoral membranelle number in their Ŋai population. Ŋe only visible shape variation can be seen in STH population 2* which lacks the typical constriction and has a slender* more acutely pointed anterior end* differing somewhat from the typical phenotype (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191CFFA0FBC9F93C9075F96C" box="[1027,1113,1722,1746]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="23.[114,179,890,914]" captionTargetBox="[115,1457,146,859]" captionTargetId="figure-408@23.[114,1458,144,862]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 19.Anteclevelandella constricta in vivo (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D–G). From PAA (A)* STH population 1 (B) from STH population 2 (C)* from ASS (D)* from STH population 1 (E)* and from SRU (F* G). A* less lateral view (optical section) showing two large contractile vacuole collecting vesicles (white arrowheads)* adoral membranelles (black arrow) and less part of the karyophore (black arrowhead). B* ventral; view (optical section) showing contractile vacuole on the small less protuberance (white arrowhead). C* ventral view (optical section) showing shape variation with more narrowly tapered anterior end (white arrowheads)* the micronucleus (white arrow)* and the margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead). D* right lateral view showing kinetofragments in suture between ventral (white asterisk) and dorsal (black asterisk) somatic kineties* micronucleus (white arrowhead)* paroral membrane (black arrow)* and looping kineties on the peristomial projection (white arrow). E* ventral view (optical section) showing the transverse orientation of the macronucleus with right and less parts of the karyophore (black arrows) ans slightly pronounced less lobe (white arrow). F* ventral view showing position of the cytostome (white asterisk)* paroral membrane (white arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (black arrowhead). G [same cell as (F)]* detail view of the long (white arrowhead) and short (black arrowhead) files of the paroral membrane.Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm (A–F)* 10 µm (G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542036/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 19C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="394087EDA6DA594DD2D1262DED81559A">Morphology maưers: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="624636A5191CFFA0FCA6F97791BCF8B5" blockId="18.[876,1424,1777,1804]" box="[876,1424,1777,1804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<heading id="390E81C9191CFFA0FCA6F97791BCF8B5" bold="true" box="[876,1424,1777,1804]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191CFFA0FCA6F97791BCF8B5" authority="(Kidder, 1937)" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[876,1424,1777,1804]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="nipponensis">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191CFFA0FCA6F97791BCF8B5" bold="true" box="[876,1424,1777,1804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191CFFA0FCA6F97790C7F8B5" bold="true" box="[876,1259,1777,1804]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="06684B54191CFFA0FB30F97791A9F8B5" author="Kidder GW" box="[1274,1413,1777,1803]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="163 - 205" refId="ref35089" refString="Kidder GW. Ne intestinal protozoa of the wood-feeding roach Panesthia. Parasitology 1937; 29: 163 - 205." type="journal article" year="1937">Kidder, 1937</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="624636A5191CFFA0FCABF8B691B7F8F4" blockId="18.[865,1435,1840,1866]" box="[865,1435,1840,1866]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191CFFA0FCABF8B691B7F8F4" bold="true" box="[865,1435,1840,1866]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
(
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191CFFA0FCA1F8B6903CF8F4" box="[875,1040,1840,1866]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 21D–F, J, K</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Table S22)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A5191CFFA0FCF3F8D197CEF813" blockId="18.[825,1474,1879,1965]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191CFFA0FCF3F8D19052F8D0" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[825,1150,1879,1903]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="nipponensis">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191CFFA0FCF3F8D19052F8D0" box="[825,1150,1879,1903]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis</emphasis>
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was detected and morphologically characterized in a single host population (PAC)* never in high abundance.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3686662D191DFFA1FFBBFBD49502FAF5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542024" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542024/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[113,178,1106,1130]" targetBox="[113,1458,145,1078]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="624636A5191DFFA1FFBBFBD49140FB1D" blockId="19.[113,1422,1106,1355]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191DFFA1FFBBFBD494F9FBD5" bold="true" box="[113,213,1106,1131]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191DFFA1FF13FBD5955AFBD5" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[217,374,1107,1131]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="sidi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191DFFA1FF13FBD5955AFBD5" box="[217,374,1107,1131]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Clevelandella sidi</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC191DFFA1FEB0FBD595EDFBD4" box="[378,449,1107,1130]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191DFFA1FE0EFBD595D3FBD4" box="[452,511,1107,1130]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">in vivo</emphasis>
(A* B) and asser protargol impregnation (C–H). From SRU (A–H). A* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow). B* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and elevated margin of the cytoproct (white arrow). C–E* the same cell in dorsal view:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A5191DFFA1FFBBFB2191A6FB49" blockId="19.[113,1422,1106,1355]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C* showing somatic infraciliature (asterisk)* cytoproct (black arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (white arrow); D* showing cytoproct (black arrowhead) and dorsal kineties (white arrowhead); E* optical section showing excretory antrum within the less protuberance (black arrowheads). F* detail of the macronucleus showing the karyophore (white arrow). G* detail showing the micronucleus (white arrowhead).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A5191DFFA1FFBBFB7D9502FAF5" blockId="19.[113,1422,1106,1355]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H* detail of the paroral membrane showing both files of equal length and extending nearly to the posterior end of the peristomial projection (white arrowheads)* a feature unique to this species. Asterisk marks the anterior end. Ma* macronucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm (A–D) 10 µm (E–G)* 5 µm (H* I).</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="624636A5191DFFA1FFBBFAFD9131F991" blockId="19.[113,763,1403,1991]" lastBlockId="19.[809,1462,1403,1991]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191DFFA1FFBBFAFD9664FA2D" box="[113,584,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Description based on PAC population:</emphasis>
Medium-sized Clevelelandellidae (on average 82 × 33 µm
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191DFFA1FDABFA1D9680FA0C" box="[609,684,1435,1458]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">in vivo</emphasis>
* range 67–100 × 27–42 µm; on average 65 × 25 µm in protargol preparations* range 47–83 × 20–31 µm). Slender spade-shaped (L/W about 2.6) with long posterior peristomial projection (about 31% of cell length). Anterior right and less margins of body proper straight or concave. Macronucleus broadly ellipsoidal (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191DFFA1FF73F9D09526F9D0" box="[185,266,1622,1646]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 21J</figureCitation>
* K) to broadly teardrop-shaped (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191DFFA1FDBBF9D096E0F9D0" box="[625,716,1622,1646]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 21D</figureCitation>
* F)* obliquely oriented to right of midline* prominent numerous globular nucleoli
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191DFFA1FEECF913954AF912" box="[294,358,1685,1708]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">in vivo</emphasis>
. Karyophore extremely inconspicuous* aưached to posterior of macronucleus (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191DFFA1FDCBF932967BF972" box="[513,599,1716,1740]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 21K</figureCitation>
). Micronucleus ellipsoidal (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191DFFA1FF27F955956FF955" box="[237,323,1747,1771]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 21F</figureCitation>
* K)* relatively large* about 5.5 µm across. Somatic cilia limited to approximately anterior 64% of cell length. Circumperistomial kineties only sparsely ciliated. Free right sutural kinetofragments not identified* presence of inconspicuous kinetofragments not completely excluded due to suboptimally oriented cells in protargol preparations. Adoral zone extends about 47% of cell length on average* composed of an average of 23 membranelles (range 20–25). POM unstudied.
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191DFFA1FCE0FAFD97A4FA2D" box="[810,904,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks:</emphasis>
Overall morphology corresponds with original description and drawing by
<bibRefCitation id="06684B54191DFFA1FBE7FA1C90E8FA0C" author="Kidder GW" box="[1069,1220,1434,1458]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="163 - 205" refId="ref35089" refString="Kidder GW. Ne intestinal protozoa of the wood-feeding roach Panesthia. Parasitology 1937; 29: 163 - 205." type="journal article" year="1937">Kidder (1937)</bibRefCitation>
except (i) the ciliature: while
<bibRefCitation id="06684B54191DFFA1FCA0FA3F902FFA6F" author="Kidder GW" box="[874,1027,1465,1489]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="163 - 205" refId="ref35089" refString="Kidder GW. Ne intestinal protozoa of the wood-feeding roach Panesthia. Parasitology 1937; 29: 163 - 205." type="journal article" year="1937">Kidder (1937)</bibRefCitation>
depicts the cell as fully ciliated* we show that only the anterior two-thirds of the cell are ciliated and (ii) the macronuclear shape varies from broadly ellipsoidal (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191DFFA1FA47FA7E9779F991" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 21K</figureCitation>
) to broadly teardrop-shaped (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191DFFA1FB41F99190CEF991" box="[1163,1250,1559,1583]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 21D</figureCitation>
* F* J).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A5191DFFA1FC8FF9B19075F933" blockId="19.[809,1462,1403,1991]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Regarding measured characteristics (Supporting Information* Table S22)* our population is slightly shorter than that of
<bibRefCitation id="06684B54191DFFA1FAA1F9D09758F933" author="Kidder GW" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="163 - 205" refId="ref35089" refString="Kidder GW. Ne intestinal protozoa of the wood-feeding roach Panesthia. Parasitology 1937; 29: 163 - 205." type="journal article" year="1937">Kidder (1937)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="06684B54191DFFA1FC6FF9F3907FF933" author="Yamasaki M" box="[933,1107,1653,1677]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="65 - 74" refId="ref36953" refString="Yamasaki M. On some new ciliates living in the hind-gut of the roach Panesthia angustipennis Illiger. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses 1939; 18: 65 - 74." type="journal article" year="1939">Yamasaki (1939)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A5191DFFA1FC8FF9139781F879" blockId="19.[809,1462,1403,1991]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
A notch sometimes forms at the base of peristomial projection (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191DFFA1FCA3F9329793F972" box="[873,959,1716,1740]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 21F</figureCitation>
* J)—rarely
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191DFFA1FB8BF93390A9F972" box="[1089,1157,1717,1740]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">in vivo</emphasis>
but frequently in protargol-stained cells* creating a
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191DFFA1FBE4F95290BBF955" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[1070,1175,1747,1771]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191DFFA1FBE4F95290BBF955" box="[1070,1175,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">R. hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like appearance. However*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191DFFA1FCE0F9759795F8B4" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[810,953,1779,1802]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="nipponensis">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191DFFA1FCE0F9759795F8B4" box="[810,953,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">R. nipponensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be mostly distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191DFFA1FAEFF97591A7F8B5" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[1317,1419,1779,1803]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191DFFA1FAEFF97591A7F8B5" box="[1317,1419,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">R. hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by: length (approx. 65 µm vs. 85 µm)* length/width ratio (approx. 2.6 vs. 3.4)* number of adoral membranelles (approx. 23 vs. 26)* and characteristic curvature of the most posterior third of peristomial opening in larger cells of
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26191DFFA1FB6AF8F690C4F836" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[1184,1256,1904,1928]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7191DFFA1FB6AF8F690C4F836" box="[1184,1256,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191DFFA1FB32F8F69160F836" box="[1272,1356,1904,1928]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 21L</figureCitation>
* M). Very small cells of both species (e.g.
<figureCitation id="FAC22A20191DFFA1FBA2F8099093F819" box="[1128,1215,1935,1959]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[130,1443,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-6@25.[127,1446,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 21. Rhyncholevelandella sp.2 (A–C* G–I) from ASS. Rhynchoclevelandella nipponensis (D–F* J* K) from PAC.Rhynchoclevelandella hastula (L–T) from PGW. In vivo (A–F* L–O) and asser protargol impregnation (G–K* P–T). A* ventral view (optical section) showing margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and adoral membranelles (black arrow). B* ventral view.C* ventral view showing cilia of circumperistomial kineties (white arrowhead). D* ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (black arrowhead). E* same cell showing ventral kineties (asterisk).F* ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead)* the relatively large micronucleus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542042/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 21D</figureCitation>
* N) can be rather indistinguishable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<heading id="390E81C91920FF9CFC07FAB29102FAF0" bold="true" box="[973,1326,1332,1359]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFC07FAB29102FAF0" bold="true" box="[973,1326,1332,1359]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Genus
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFBDDFAB290B1FAF1" bold="true" box="[1047,1181,1332,1359]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Clevelandella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="06684B541920FF9CFB68FAB29102FAF0" author="Kidder GW" box="[1186,1326,1332,1358]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="69 - 77" refId="ref35110" refString="Kidder GW. Nuclear reorganization without cell division in Paraclevelandia simplex (family Clevelandellidae) * an endocommensal ciliate of the woodfeeding roach Panesthia. Archiv fur Protistenkunde 1938; 91: 69 - 77." type="journal article" year="1938">Kidder, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFCF3FAF3914DFA12" blockId="46.[825,1474,1397,1452]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCF3FAF3902FFA33" box="[825,1027,1397,1421]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Amended diagnosis:</emphasis>
Body broadly spade-shaped to elongate curved elliptical with posterior peristomial projection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFCF3FA489105FA5B" blockId="46.[825,1321,1485,1509]" box="[825,1321,1485,1509]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCF3FA489799FA5B" box="[825,949,1486,1509]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<typeStatus id="BD4288071920FF9CFCF3FA489745FA5B" box="[825,873,1486,1509]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFC70FA4B90CCFA5B" authority="Kidder" authorityName="Kidder" box="[954,1248,1485,1509]" family="Gobiidae" genus="Clevelandia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="panesthiae">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFC70FA4B90B5FA5B" box="[954,1177,1485,1509]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Clevelandia panesthiae</emphasis>
Kidder
</taxonomicName>
* 1937.
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<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFCF3FA7997D0F92A" blockId="46.[825,1475,1535,1685]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCF3FA7990F8F9A9" box="[825,1236,1535,1559]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Included species:
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFC3BFA7990F8F9A9" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1009,1236,1535,1559]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="ananiasi" status="sp. nov.">Clevelandella ananiasi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1920FF9CFB29F9869119F9A9" box="[1251,1333,1535,1559]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFA81F98691EEF9A9" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[1355,1474,1535,1559]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFA81F98691EEF9A9" box="[1355,1474,1535,1559]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kidder* 1937);
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFC20F9999067F989" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1002,1099,1567,1591]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="tyntai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFC20F9999067F989" box="[1002,1099,1567,1591]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. þyntai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1920FF9CFB9FF9999085F988" box="[1109,1193,1567,1590]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFB7CF999916DF989" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1206,1345,1567,1591]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hromadkai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFB7CF999916DF989" box="[1206,1345,1567,1591]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. hromadkai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1920FF9CFA81F99991B2F988" box="[1355,1438,1567,1590]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFA66F999978CF9E8" family="Gobiidae" genus="Clevelandia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="panesthiae">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFA66F999978CF9E8" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. panesthiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kidder* 1937);
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFB84F9B890D1F9E8" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[1102,1277,1598,1622]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="parapanesthiae">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFB84F9B890D1F9E8" box="[1102,1277,1598,1622]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. parapanesthiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kidder* 1937);
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFA66F9B89754F9CB" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="philipi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFA66F9B89754F9CB" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. philipi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1920FF9CFCB4F9D897E2F9CB" box="[894,974,1630,1653]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFC13F9D890C6F9CB" authority="Mandal and Nair" authorityName="Mandal and Nair" box="[985,1258,1629,1653]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="kidderi">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFC13F9D89016F9CB" box="[985,1082,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. kidderi</emphasis>
Mandal and Nair
</taxonomicName>
* 1974;
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFAF0F9D8918CF9CB" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[1338,1440,1629,1653]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="klobasa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFAF0F9D8918CF9CB" box="[1338,1440,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. klobasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1920FF9CFA6DF9D8974EF92B" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFCA4F9FB9780F92B" authorityName="Kotyk &amp; Bourland &amp; Soviš &amp; Méndez-Sánchez &amp; Škaloud &amp; Varadínová &amp; Čepička" authorityYear="2024" box="[878,940,1661,1685]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="sidi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCA4F9FB9780F92B" box="[878,940,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. sidi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BBE57CC1920FF9CFC7BF9FB97D0F92A" box="[945,1020,1661,1684]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFCB7FD2B9152FD79" blockId="46.[893,1406,684,711]" box="[893,1406,684,711]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="390E81C91920FF9CFCB7FD2B9152FD79" bold="true" box="[893,1406,684,711]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCB7FD2B9152FD79" bold="true" box="[893,1406,684,711]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFC0DFD2A9152FD79" authority="Pecina and Vdacny, 2022" authorityName="Pecina and Vdacny" authorityYear="2022" box="[967,1406,684,711]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Anteclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFC0DFD2A9058FD79" bold="true" box="[967,1140,684,711]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Anteclevelandella</emphasis>
Pecina and Vďačný, 2022
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="2AE3652E1920FF9CFCF3FD68908EFC3C" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFCF3FD68908EFC3C" blockId="46.[825,1475,749,899]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCF3FD6897B3FCBB" box="[825,927,750,773]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Body elongate and nearly cylindrical* only slightly flattened dorsoventrally* constricted in the region of macronucleus. Macronucleus evenly ovoid* its long axis parallel to the transverse axis of the body. Peristomial projection inconspicuous* merges gradually with body proper.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2AE3652E1920FF9CFBF4FC2590C5FB81" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFBF4FC259091FC02" blockId="46.[825,1213,930,993]" box="[1086,1213,930,957]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFBF4FC259091FC02" bold="true" box="[1086,1213,930,957]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<typeStatus id="BD4288071920FF9CFBF4FC259043FC03" box="[1086,1135,931,957]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFCF3FC4F90B3FC5E" blockId="46.[825,1213,930,993]" box="[825,1183,969,993]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFCF3FC4F907AFC5F" authority="Kidder" authorityName="Kidder" box="[825,1110,969,993]" family="Gobiidae" genus="Clevelandia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="constricta">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCF3FC4F9022FC5E" box="[825,1038,969,993]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Clevelandia constricta</emphasis>
Kidder
</taxonomicName>
* 1937.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFBE2FB8690FFFBA4" blockId="46.[1064,1235,1024,1050]" box="[1064,1235,1024,1050]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFBE2FB8690FFFBA4" box="[1064,1235,1024,1050]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Included species:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFCF3FBA190C5FB81" blockId="46.[825,1257,1063,1087]" box="[825,1257,1063,1087]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFCF3FBA1906FFB80" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[825,1091,1063,1087]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Anteclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="constricta">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCF3FBA1906FFB80" box="[825,1091,1063,1087]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Anteclevelandella constricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kidder* 1937).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

161
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<mods:title id="990020CA1CD41B09C6D7DFB58121FCD6">Morphology maưers: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E6E9AD3080C6F1C39D8100ED8EDDE4FA">Bourland, William A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="27BA13C2D506946A8524D9D086E5A705">Soviš, Matyáš</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E1A0C460497D1F0D0EB5CAD684FD68D5">Varadínová, Zuzana Kotyková</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="BFD3B642929928210EE5494A59F85811">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="EA5087B31920FF9CFF34F8F597E6FD33" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542076" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14542076" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA5087B31920FF9CFF34F8F597E6FD33" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EA5087B31920FF9CFF34F8F597E6FD33" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<subSubSection id="2AE3652E1920FF9CFF34F8F596A7F833" box="[254,651,1907,1933]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFF34F8F596A7F833" blockId="46.[254,651,1907,1933]" box="[254,651,1907,1933]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="390E81C91920FF9CFF34F8F596A7F833" bold="true" box="[254,651,1907,1933]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFF34F8F596A7F833" bold="true" box="[254,651,1907,1933]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Family
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFE81F8F596A7F833" authority="Kidder, 1938" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1938" box="[331,651,1907,1933]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="family">
Clevelandellidae
<bibRefCitation id="06684B541920FF9CFDCAF8F596A7F833" author="Kidder GW" box="[512,651,1907,1933]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="69 - 77" refId="ref35110" refString="Kidder GW. Nuclear reorganization without cell division in Paraclevelandia simplex (family Clevelandellidae) * an endocommensal ciliate of the woodfeeding roach Panesthia. Archiv fur Protistenkunde 1938; 91: 69 - 77." type="journal article" year="1938">Kidder, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2AE3652E1920FF9CFF4BF82397E6FD33" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFF4BF82390F9FF58" blockId="46.[129,777,1956,2011]" lastBlockId="46.[825,1474,144,231]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFF4BF82394CBF802" box="[129,231,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Small to large
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFE47F822963CF802" box="[397,528,1956,1980]" class="Armophorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="class">Armophorea</taxonomicName>
with posteriorized oral structures. Adoral zone of membranelles on right and paroral membrane on less side of peristomium. Somatic ciliature hemitrichous (possibly except in
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFB53FF29916AFF79" box="[1177,1350,175,199]" genus="Metaclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFB53FF29916AFF79" box="[1177,1350,175,199]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Metaclevelandella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Excretion via an internal ciliated excretory antrum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFCF3FE8F90EFFEA1" blockId="46.[825,1219,264,288]" box="[825,1219,264,288]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCF3FE8F9787FE9E" box="[825,939,265,288]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<typeStatus id="BD4288071920FF9CFCF3FE8F9745FE9E" box="[825,873,265,288]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Type</typeStatus>
genus:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFC7AFE8E9056FE9E" authority="Kidder" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1938" box="[944,1146,264,288]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFC7AFE8E901EFE9E" box="[944,1074,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Clevelandella</emphasis>
Kidder
</taxonomicName>
* 1938.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFCF3FEC797DFFE09" blockId="46.[825,1475,321,439]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCF3FEC797CDFEE7" box="[825,993,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Included genera:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFC25FEC7915DFEE7" authority="Pecina and Vdacny" authorityName="Pecina and Vdacny" box="[1007,1393,321,345]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Anteclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFC25FEC790BAFEE7" box="[1007,1174,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Anteclevelandella</emphasis>
Pecina and Vďačný
</taxonomicName>
* 2022;
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFCF3FEE7902FFEC7" authority="Kidder" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1938" box="[825,1027,353,377]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCF3FEE79797FEC7" box="[825,955,353,377]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Clevelandella</emphasis>
Kidder
</taxonomicName>
* 1938;
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFB99FEE79195FEC7" authority="Uuangi and Desai" authorityName="Uuangi and Desai" box="[1107,1465,353,377]" genus="Metaclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFB99FEE7912CFEC7" box="[1107,1280,353,377]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Metaclevelandella</emphasis>
Uưangi and Desai
</taxonomicName>
* 1963;
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFCB0FE069077FE26" authority="Kidder" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1937" box="[890,1115,384,408]" genus="Paraclevelandia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCB0FE06903EFE26" box="[890,1042,384,408]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Paraclevelandia</emphasis>
Kidder
</taxonomicName>
* 1937;
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFB60FE069780FE09" authority="Pecina and Vdacny" authorityName="Pecina and Vdacny" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFB60FE069155FE26" box="[1194,1401,384,408]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Rhynchoclevelandella</emphasis>
Pecina and Vďačný
</taxonomicName>
* 2022.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51920FF9CFCF3FE5F97E6FD33" blockId="46.[825,1475,473,653]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCF3FE5F97BBFE4F" box="[825,919,473,497]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Remarks:</emphasis>
Although
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFBC8FE5F90D1FE4E" box="[1026,1277,473,497]" genus="Metaclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="termitis">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFBC8FE5F90D1FE4E" box="[1026,1277,473,497]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Metaclevelandella termitis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
* not reported since its original description* was described as holotrichously ciliated* the possibility that incomplete ciliation was overlooked (as was the case in Kidder’s descriptions of
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261920FF9CFB02FDB19146FDF1" baseAuthorityName="Pecina and Vdacny" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[1224,1386,567,591]" class="Heterotrichea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Clevelandellida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="order">Clevelandellida</taxonomicName>
) cannot be excluded. Ŋis question can only be resolved by a thorough redescription.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCF3F96B900AF8BB" box="[825,1062,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">ZooBank registration:</emphasis>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71920FF9CFCF3F8C197B3F8E0" box="[825,927,1863,1886]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Spade-shaped* dorsoventrally flaưened
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with average length in protargol preparations 55 µm* mean 23 adoral membranelles* posterior protrusion of less lobe of anterior body part overhanging no more than one-fissh of peristomial projection* and with teardrop-shaped or ellipsoidal macronucleus.
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFFBBFF1694CDFF16" box="[113,225,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Etymology:</emphasis>
Named in honour of Mr Ananias Kamam* our collaborator from
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.
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locality:
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*
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3*
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*
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host:
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(Brunner von Waưenwyl* 1865).
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A protargol-impregnated
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cell (
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* E) marked in a black circle on a slide deposited in the collection of the
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* inventory number P6E 5431
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<mods:date id="B1A64C658B4A87C27F001238753AB7AB">2024</mods:date>
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFCE0FA2F9034FA7E" box="[810,1048,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ZooBank registration:</emphasis>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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Dorsoventrally flaưened
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with average length in protargol preparations 142 µm* mean 52 adoral membranelles* broad* inverted teardrop-shaped macronucleus* and entirely diplostichomonad POM.
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFCE0F91F97B5F90F" box="[810,921,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Etymology:</emphasis>
Named in honour of exceptional terrain entomologist and leader of
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expedition* Dr Petr ‘Sidi’ Stiblík.
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* nearMondulkiriNP*
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*
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host:
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFC5EF8A5906FF885" box="[916,1091,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Salganea rugulata</emphasis>
Saussure
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* 1895.
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A protargol-impregnated
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cell (
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) marked in a black circle on a slide deposited in the collection of the
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of the
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*
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* inventory number P6E 5438
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.
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFCE0FCC797B8FCE6" box="[810,916,833,856]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Spade-shaped* dorsoventrally flaưened
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with average length in protargol preparations 69 µm* mean 31 adoral membranelles* posterior protrusion of less lobe of anterior body part overhanging up to one-third of peristomial projection* and with teardrop-shaped or ellipsoidal macronucleus.
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFCE0FB9197B5FB91" box="[810,921,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Etymology:</emphasis>
Named in honour of Mr Philip Komong* our collaborator from
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.
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host:
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFC5EFB2F908DFB7F" box="[916,1185,1193,1217]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Salganea ternatensis hirsuta</emphasis>
Roth
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* 1979.
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A protargol-impregnated
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* D) marked in a black circle on a slide deposited in the collection of the
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFEC5FB469627FB65" bold="true" box="[271,523,1216,1243]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clevelandella hromadkai</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFFBBFB749573FAB4" box="[113,351,1266,1290]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ZooBank registration:</emphasis>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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.
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFFBBFACD94FBFADC" box="[113,215,1355,1378]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Dorsoventrally not flaưened
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFD86FACD96E2FADD" box="[588,718,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clevelandella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of cultriform shape* body proper curved in dorsal direction* with prominent less lobe and peristomial projection merging gradually with body proper. Average length in protargol preparations 127 µm in short form and 215 µm in long form.
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFFBBFA6194CDFA41" box="[113,225,1511,1535]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Etymology:</emphasis>
Named in honour of remarkable Czech cockroach enthusiast Mr Jiří Hromádka.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A51921FF9DFFBBF9C796D6F9E6" blockId="47.[113,762,1600,1624]" box="[113,762,1600,1624]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<typeStatus id="BD4288071921FF9DFFBBF9C7948DF9E6" box="[113,161,1601,1624]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="1AEE76351921FF9DFF33F9C69595F9E6" box="[249,441,1600,1624]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
*
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3*
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*
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.
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<typeStatus id="BD4288071921FF9DFFBBF9FC948DF92F" box="[113,161,1658,1681]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
host:
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261921FF9DFF23F9FF9677F92F" baseAuthorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[233,603,1657,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Blaberidae" genus="Ancaudellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="serratissima" subSpecies="serratissima">Ancaudellia serratissima serratissima</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(Brunner von Waưenwyl* 1865).
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFFBBF955952CF954" box="[113,256,1746,1770]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="D2913CF81921FF9DFEC3F95495D3F8F6" country="Czech Republic" location="National Museum" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Praha" typeStatus="holotype">
A protargol-impregnated
<typeStatus id="BD4288071921FF9DFDC7F9549645F954" box="[525,617,1746,1770]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
cell (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201921FF9DFD69F95496C3F954" box="[675,751,1746,1770]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[147,1456,144,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-5@14.[145,1457,143,1807]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 9. Clevelandella hromadkai sp. nov. short morph: from life (A–C* F–H) and asser protargol impregnation (D* E* I). From ASS.A* less ventrolateral view showing micronucleus (white arrow)* adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and the posterior extent of ciliation on the right (black arrowhead) and less (white arrow head) margins. B* ventral view* (optical section) showing the cytostome (white arrowhead)* contractile vacuole (black arrow) and margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead).C* less lateral view showing collecting vesicles of the contractile vacuole (white arrowheads)* the micronucleus (white arrow) and the margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead).D*" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542003/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
) marked in a black circle on a slide deposited in the collection of the
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of the
<collectingCountry id="1AEE76351921FF9DFE72F8979674F897" box="[440,600,1809,1833]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
*
<collectingRegion id="A03DF8471921FF9DFDADF8979686F897" box="[615,682,1809,1833]" country="Czech Republic" name="Praha" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Prague</collectingRegion>
*
<collectingCountry id="1AEE76351921FF9DFD70F89794E0F8F6" name="Czech Republic" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
* inventory number P6E 5364
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

173
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFEEAF8E195D7F83C" bold="true" box="[288,507,1895,1922]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clevelandella klobasa</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFFBBF81F9577F80E" box="[113,347,1945,1969]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ZooBank registration:</emphasis>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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.
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFCE0FF1797BCFF16" box="[810,912,145,168]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Dorsoventrally flaưened
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFB68FF169108FF16" box="[1186,1316,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clevelandella</emphasis>
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* broadly lanceolate* peristomial projection inconspicuous* peristomial opening broad. Macronucleus sausage-shaped. Average length in protargol preparations 170 µm.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFCE0FEA197B5FE81" box="[810,921,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Etymology:</emphasis>
Ŋe species epithet is from
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFB1FFEA19133FE81" box="[1237,1311,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">klobása</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(n.* feminine gender)* the Czech word for sausage* referring to the sausage-shaped macronucleus.
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locality:
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<collectingCountry id="1AEE76351921FF9DFC78FE26905EFE09" box="[946,1138,415,439]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
*
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3*
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*
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.
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host:
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<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261921FF9DFC5EFE5F90FAFE4F" authority="Roth" authorityName="Roth" authorityYear="1979" box="[916,1238,473,497]" class="Insecta" family="Blaberidae" genus="Salganea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ternatensis" subSpecies="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFC5EFE5F908DFE4F" box="[916,1185,473,497]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Salganea ternatensis hirsuta</emphasis>
Roth
</taxonomicName>
* 1979.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFCE0FD95979BFD94" box="[810,951,530,554]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="D2913CF81921FF9DFC76FD949094FD36" country="Czech Republic" location="National Museum" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Praha" typeStatus="holotype">
A protargol-impregnated
<typeStatus id="BD4288071921FF9DFB77FD949135FD94" box="[1213,1305,530,554]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
cell (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201921FF9DFA9BFD949184FD94" box="[1361,1448,530,554]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[114,1452,1006,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-74@17.[113,1457,1005,1739]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 13. Clevelandella klobasa sp. nov.in vivo (A–C) and asser protargol impregnation (D). From STH. A* less ventrolateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrow)* and margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead). B* less lateral view showing thick hyaline subcortical layer (white arrowheads)* contractile vacuole (black arrowhead)* and micronucleus (white arrow).C* optical section showing adoral membranelles (black arrow) and contractile vacuole (black arrowhead).D* less ventrolateral view (optical section) showing micronucleus (white arrow)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)* and paroral membrane (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542015/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 13D</figureCitation>
) marked by a black arrow on a slide deposited in the collection of the
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of the
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*
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*
<collectingCountry id="1AEE76351921FF9DFABFFDD797A9FD36" name="Czech Republic" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
* inventory number P6E 5380
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

169
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<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261921FF9DFEECFD9695D9FD94" authority="Fyntai" authorityName="Fyntai" authorityYear="2024" box="[294,501,528,555]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus" status="sp.nov.">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFEECFD9695D9FD94" bold="true" box="[294,501,528,555]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clevelandella Ƒyntai</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFFBBFDD79573FDD6" box="[113,351,593,617]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ZooBank registration:</emphasis>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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.
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFFBBFD2C94FBFD7F" box="[113,215,682,705]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Spade-shaped* dorsoventrally flaưened
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFDB2FD2F96D6FD7F" box="[632,762,681,705]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clevelandella</emphasis>
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with average length in protargol preparations 143 µm* mean 65 adoral membranelles* and with teardrop-shaped or lenticular macronucleus.
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFFBBFCC794CDFCE7" box="[113,225,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Etymology:</emphasis>
Named in honour of eccentric zoologist and ethologist Prof. Daniel Frynta who provided the material.
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locality:
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* near
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*
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*
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host:
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<taxonomicName id="A5F94D261921FF9DFF11FC7495C9FBB4" authority="Saussure" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1895" box="[219,485,1010,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Blaberidae" genus="Salganea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugulata">
<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFF11FC7495A7FBB4" box="[219,395,1010,1034]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Salganea rugulata</emphasis>
Saussure
</taxonomicName>
* 1895.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="508DEAB71921FF9DFFBBFBAA9525FBFD" box="[113,265,1067,1091]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="D2913CF81921FF9DFED2FBAA9668FB1F" country="Czech Republic" location="National Museum" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Praha" typeStatus="holotype">
A protargol-impregnated
<typeStatus id="BD4288071921FF9DFDE7FBAD96A5FBFD" box="[557,649,1067,1091]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
cell (
<figureCitation id="FAC22A201921FF9DFD1EFBAD9499FBDD" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="21.[113,176,1453,1477]" captionTargetBox="[115,1457,145,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-105@21.[114,1458,144,1426]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 17.Clevelandella þyntai sp.nov.from life (A–E) and asser protargol impregnation (F–K).From SRU.(A* B* F* G* K) slender morphotype* (C–E* H–J) broad morphotype.A* ventral view showing posterior extent of ciliation on the right margin (white arrowhead) and less margin (black arrowhead).B* dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrowhead) and straight dorsal kineties (white arrow).C* ventral view (optical section) showing cytoplasmic granules* possibly amylopectin (black arrow)* right kinetal suture (white arrowhead)* adoral membranelles (black arrowhead)*and cytoproct (white arrow).D* ventral view showing less-hand spiralling kineties (white arrowhead) and cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow).E* ventral view showing the margin of the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and bulbous less protuberance extending over less cell margin (white arrowhead).F* detail showing karyophore(black arrowhead).G* ventral view (optical section) showing the karyophore (black arrowhead)* micronucleus (white arrow)* and cytoproct (white arrowhead).H* dorsal view showing karyophore (black arrowheads)* micronucleus (white arrowhead)* and adoral membranelles (black arrow).I* ventral infraciliature showing less-hand spiralling kineties (asterisk) and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrow). J* dorsal infraciliature showing straight dorsal kineties (asterisk). K* detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral (black arrow).Ma* macronucleus.Scale bars: 20 µm (A–E* G–J)* 10 µm (F* K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542030" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14542030/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 17H–J</figureCitation>
) marked in a black circle on a slide deposited in the collection of the
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of the
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*
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*
<collectingCountry id="1AEE76351921FF9DFFB8FB0F953CFB1F" box="[114,272,1161,1185]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
* inventory number P6E 5460
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

164
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<heading id="390E81C9193EFF82FF7AFBD696F6FBD4" bold="true" box="[176,730,1103,1130]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FF7AFBD696F6FBD4" bold="true" box="[176,730,1103,1130]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FF30FBC996F6FBD4" authority="Pecina and Vdacny, 2022" authorityName="Pecina and Vdacny" authorityYear="2022" box="[250,730,1103,1130]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FF30FBC995FEFBD4" bold="true" box="[250,466,1103,1130]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Rhynchoclevelandella</emphasis>
Pecina and Vďačný, 2022
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<subSubSection id="2AE3652E193EFF82FF4BFB169497FA48" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="624636A5193EFF82FF4BFB169570FAB8" blockId="48.[129,778,1168,1286]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FF4BFB169561FB16" box="[129,333,1168,1192]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Amended diagnosis:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FEA5FB169635FB16" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1938" box="[367,537,1168,1192]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="family">Clevelandellidae</taxonomicName>
with slender* spade-shaped cells (L/W ratio&gt;2)* more closely related to
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FD39FB3694E5FB59" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FD39FB3694E5FB59" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">R. hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than to
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FEE1FB499616FB59" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[299,570,1231,1255]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Anteclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="constricta">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FEE1FB499616FB59" box="[299,570,1231,1255]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Anteclevelandella constricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FD81FB4996FFFB59" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[587,723,1231,1255]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="panesthiae">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FD81FB4996FFFB59" box="[587,723,1231,1255]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. panesthiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
* and
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FF4BFB689570FAB8" box="[129,348,1262,1286]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FF4BFB689574FAB8" authorityName="Kidder" authorityYear="1937" box="[129,344,1262,1286]" genus="Paraclevelandia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="brevis">Paraclevelandia brevis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A5193EFF82FF4BFAAE967DFA81" blockId="48.[129,593,1320,1344]" box="[129,593,1320,1344]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FF4BFAAE94D0FA81" box="[129,252,1320,1343]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<typeStatus id="BD428807193EFF82FF4BFAAE949DFA81" box="[129,177,1320,1343]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FECBFAAE9625FAFE" authority="Kidder" authorityName="Kidder" box="[257,521,1320,1344]" family="Gobiidae" genus="Clevelandia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FECBFAAE95EDFAFE" box="[257,449,1320,1344]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Clevelandia hastula</emphasis>
Kidder
</taxonomicName>
* 1937.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="624636A5193EFF82FF4BFAE79497FA48" blockId="48.[129,778,1377,1526]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FF4BFAE79506FAC7" box="[129,298,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Included species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FE83FAE794E4FA26" authority="Pecina and Vdacny" authorityName="Pecina and Vdacny" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="bihastula">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FE83FAE796ADFAC7" box="[329,641,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Rhynchoclevelandella bihastula</emphasis>
Pecina and Vďačný
</taxonomicName>
* 2022;
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FEDEFA07955BFA26" box="[276,375,1408,1432]" family="Gobiidae" genus="Clevelandia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FEDEFA07955BFA26" box="[276,375,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">R. hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kidder* 1937);
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FDE8FA079682FA26" baseAuthorityName="Kidder" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[546,686,1409,1432]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="nipponensis">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FDE8FA079682FA26" box="[546,686,1409,1432]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">R. nipponensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kidder* 1937) (syn.
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FF31FA269617FA06" authority="Yamasaki" authorityName="Yamasaki" box="[251,571,1440,1464]" class="Heterotrichea" genus="Emmaninius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="longicollis">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FF31FA2695F6FA06" box="[251,474,1440,1464]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Emmaninius longicollis</emphasis>
Yamasaki
</taxonomicName>
* 1939;
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FD42FA2694CCFA69" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Clevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="longicollis">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FD42FA2694CCFA69" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Clevelandella longicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Yamasaki* 1939);
<taxonomicName id="A5F94D26193EFF82FE7EFA46972DFA69" authority="Pecina and Vdacny" authorityName="Pecina and Vdacny" box="[436,769,1471,1495]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Clevelandellidae" genus="Rhynchoclevelandella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="trihastula">
<emphasis id="508DEAB7193EFF82FE7EFA46961EFA69" box="[436,562,1471,1495]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">R. trihastula</emphasis>
Pecina and Vďačný
</taxonomicName>
* 2022.
</paragraph>
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