147 lines
14 KiB
XML
147 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.252.3588" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a4366e50-a271-44c0-bdef-b52c8cad0b85" ID-PMC="PMC3560839" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-252-1" ID-PubMed="23378811" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-252-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 252" ModsDocTitle="Phylogenetic treatment and taxonomic revision of the trapdoor spider genus Aptostichus Simon (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Euctenizidae)" checkinTime="1451247847790" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bond, Jason E." docDate="2012" docId="02201D82A82F1E9F4FF13490B451C576" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 252: 1-209" docOrigin="ZooKeys 252" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.252.3588" docTitle="Aptostichus sierra Bond, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="154" masterDocId="FFAD871BFFD4FF8CFFED1A5CFFE7FFA0" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic treatment and taxonomic revision of the trapdoor spider genus Aptostichus Simon (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Euctenizidae)" masterLastPageNumber="209" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="151" updateTime="1668155039594" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phylogenetic treatment and taxonomic revision of the trapdoor spider genus Aptostichus Simon (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Euctenizidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bond, Jason E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>252</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>209</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.252.3588</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.252.3588</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-252-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152039308" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB21A3CF-506D-420D-A2EC-D09E4DEA445E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/02201D82A82F1E9F4FF13490B451C576" lastPageId="153" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">
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<subSubSection pageId="150" pageNumber="151" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="150" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName LSID="‘The Shaver Lake Trapdoor Spider’" class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus sierra" order="Araneae" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sierra">Aptostichus sierra</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="150" pageNumber="151">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 332-336Map 34
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="150" pageNumber="151" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Male holotype (AP400) from California, Fresno County, Shaver Lake, 37.1129, -119.3095 5, 1660m, coll. 12.ix.1959; deposited in AMNH.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="150" pageNumber="151" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="150" pageNumber="151">The specific epithet is a noun taken in apposition from the location of the type locality in the Sierra Nevada mountain range.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="150" pageNumber="151" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="150" pageNumber="151">
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All known male specimens of the
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<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Sierra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sierra" order="Perciformes" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sierra</taxonomicName>
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species group can be distinguished from all other species of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus" order="Araneae" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aptostichus</taxonomicName>
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by virtue of having a long slender metatarsus I which lacks a ventral/proximal excavated area.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus sierra" order="Araneae" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sierra">Aptostichus sierra</taxonomicName>
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males can be distinguished from others in the
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<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Sierra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sierra" order="Perciformes" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sierra</taxonomicName>
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species group by virtue of their large size, by having a broader sternum, and unique leg I spination pattern (Figs 333, 334, 336).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="153" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Description of male holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="153" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">
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Specimen preparation and condition. Specimen presumed to have been collected from pitfall trap, preserved in 70% EtOH. Coloration faded. Pedipalp, leg I left side removed, stored in vial with specimen. Large megaspine on tibia pedipalp left side missing, intact on right side pedipalp tibia. General coloration. Carapace, chelicerae, legs yellowish red 5YR 4/6. Abdomen uniform brown 7.5YR 5/3 dorsally, mottled dorsal chevron pattern (Fig. 332). Cephalothorax. Carapace 5.52 long, 4.50 wide, glabrous with few fine white spines, fine black spines intermingled, stout black bristles along fringe; surface smooth, pars cephalica elevated. Fringe, posterior margin with black bristles. Foveal groove deep, moderately recurved. Eyes on low mound. AER slightly procurved, PER slightly recurved. PME, AME subequal diameter. Sternum moderately setose, STRl 3.07, STRw 2.25. Posterior sternal sigilla small, positioned marginally, not contiguous, anterior sigilla pairs very small, oval, marginal. Chelicerae with distinct anterior tooth row comprising 6 teeth, posterior margin with single row of small denticles. Palpal endites with
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<pageBreakToken pageId="151" pageNumber="152" start="start">patch</pageBreakToken>
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of small cuspules on proximal, inner margin, labium lacks cuspules, LBw 0.31, LBl 0.77. Rastellum consists of 6 stout spines arranged along anterior margin, not on prominent mound. Abdomen. Setose, heavy black setae intermingled with fine black setae. Legs. Leg I:
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<pageBreakToken pageId="152" pageNumber="153" start="start">4.90</pageBreakToken>
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, 3.36, 3.92, 2.68, 0.00; leg IV: 5.20, 2.75. Tarsi strongly bent. Light tarsal scopulae on all legs I, II; metatarsus I with light scopulate distally. Tarsus I with single, slightly staggered row of 17 trichobothria. Leg I spination pattern illustrated in Figures 333, 334, 336; TSp
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<pageBreakToken pageId="153" pageNumber="154" start="start">18</pageBreakToken>
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with numerous additional spines dorsally, TSr 5, TSrd 0. Tibia I long relative to femur I; distal retrolateral spines absent. Metatarsus not anteverted, lacks a distinct
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<normalizedToken originalValue="mid–ventral">mid-ventral</normalizedToken>
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mating apophysis, proximal excavation of metatarsus I. Metatarsus, tarsus I long, tarsus I lacks spines (Figs 333, 334). Pedipalp. Palpal tibia short, width slightly less than half-length. Retrolateral surface has at least one large spine, with numerous smaller, ventral elongate spines. Palpal bulb very short (Bl/Cl 13.95), pyriform. Embolus intermediate width with slight curvature at midpoint, not serrated distally (Fig. 335). PTw 0.82, PTl 1.97, Bl 0.77.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Variation. Known only from the type specimen.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Description of female.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Known only from male specimens.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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Figures 332-336.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus sierra" order="Araneae" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sierra">Aptostichus sierra</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. male holotype (AP400) from Fresno County; scale bars = 1.0mm. 332 habitus [806511] 333 retrolateral aspect, leg I [806515] 334 prolateral aspect, leg I [806517] 335 retrolateral aspect, pedipalp [806519] 336 line drawings of leg I tibia and patella spination patterns; retrolateral aspect; prolateral aspect.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Known only from the type specimen.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Distribution and natural history.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus sierra" order="Araneae" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sierra">Aptostichus sierra</taxonomicName>
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is known only from the type specimen from Fresno County, collected in a pitfall trap in September. The habitat type is characterized as Sierran Steppe, Mixed Coniferous Forest, and Alpine Meadow.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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Map 34, 35. Distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Sierra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sierra" order="Perciformes" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sierra</taxonomicName>
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group species. 34 known distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus dorothealangeae" order="Araneae" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorothealangeae">Aptostichus dorothealangeae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus chavezi" order="Araneae" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chavezi">Aptostichus chavezi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus huntington" order="Araneae" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huntington">Aptostichus huntington</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus sierra" order="Araneae" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sierra">Aptostichus sierra</taxonomicName>
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35 predicted distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus chavezi" order="Araneae" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chavezi">Aptostichus chavezi</taxonomicName>
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; cooler
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<normalizedToken originalValue="colors–blue">colors-blue</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="shades–represent">shades-represent</normalizedToken>
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areas of high probability of occurrence, warmer
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<normalizedToken originalValue="colors–yellow">colors-yellow</normalizedToken>
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and orange
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<normalizedToken originalValue="shades–represent">shades-represent</normalizedToken>
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areas of low probability of occurrence.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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The conservation status of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus sierra" order="Araneae" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sierra">Aptostichus sierra</taxonomicName>
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is likely to be characterized as imperiled due to its rarity and restricted distribution.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="species concept applied">
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Species concept applied.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Morphological.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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Despite extensive searching in the areas around the type locality over the past decade, I have been unable to recover a single
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus sierra" order="Araneae" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sierra">Aptostichus sierra</taxonomicName>
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specimen. This species is either very rare or I have been unable to pinpoint its exact microhabitat.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |