388 lines
41 KiB
XML
388 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="8D3BE4C67931236EEE19BFD36582576C" ID-CLB-Dataset="157785" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5191.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b8beacf0-8401-4c8b-8b7e-8e97dc1a199e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7144073" ID-ZooBank="B66F9DFC-3BF3-42CA-B08F-F983FD615F4E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1664794547649" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Macià, Ramon, Ylla, Josep, Gastón, Javier, Huertas, Manuel & Bau, Josep" docDate="2022" docId="039487ACFFCEBA64FF11E44B50BCFE48" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5191.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5191 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5191.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Manulea costalis" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFADFFD4FFDBBA72FF86E7365171FFE5" masterDocTitle="The species of Eilema Hübner, [1819] sensu lato present in Europe and North Africa (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini)" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1728925018734" updateUser="juliana">
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<mods:titleInfo id="34D447E50BC4AA774CE249AA5799074A">
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<mods:title id="BAA2A4D0254E00AB9F0BEDEE85F520C5">The species of Eilema Hübner, [1819] sensu lato present in Europe and North Africa (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="2A0574224A8400EE2A6B4E48592A287C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F25C71A326F53A7869D06BF4A9744539">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B2EB796CDF1F6588897583170052D24C">Macià, Ramon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5A756CF1522905F00F04A809231155FD" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2166-1540</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="91FF9DAA86D7373800D1B055BAA7A15A">Corresponding author</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="658C391C7FC7960ECCB0527C1B456501" type="email">rmaciavila@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B42446279938EEE5BB432C9953F95A35">Ylla, Josep</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D5F2D59AEB7FD5EF243C4E21251F512E" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7280-9421</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B6A287F543EFA6026DD29C5239646C9E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F4015EB08F0AA3A46C24404892E07960">Gastón, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="09AC382B765FF78160FBCA76C9BA4D0E" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3382-3874</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0BA87033A61E3B2627A2CD3FFC6EBA93" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0250BE4003C149EFB8C73517DCDD9EFE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="18B67A6FACC9D754C5047136DAC76D9C">Huertas, Manuel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="300A04C9C5A3D04DB2DA9F27949C1E81" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6758-1984</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="E788D81FCEECD798F8E28FA2E8A633CE">Apartado de Correos 47, 21080 Huelva, Spain. huertasdionisio @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6758 - 1984</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="59CB8398E7E8482A8EA2D14629357EBB" type="email">huertasdionisio@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E2E7A444FE9547E10670C87D74F69271">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BD5E7ED0D5DD3F9F7F84B69AAE269B46">Bau, Josep</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4515193DD6AB3B961938E22F4C33D01F" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9231-2356</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="CBA1EB7068B25C7BB421BD59DD5D3098">Biosciences Department, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, 08500, Vic, Spain. josep. bau @ uvic. cat; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9231 - 2356</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="58EDAF01093D03F8E827B002191E1E27" type="email">josep.bau@uvic.cat</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="822096B3815781446B5495E828E7B41F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C48E71BB6E7AA6538D0964F864616D6E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="147A379DF99F5C64EDDD6A14C9800D64">
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<mods:date id="CEF3A71A40515699A72A20C16DB6468F">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D9FA57FBFC6AFE6FC8D98465D77F9F69">2022-10-03</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A3EEC1EC51D5A8C85583FED75D5FFE6C">5191</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="CA79E1B4514865F6C88C4A752F0665C6" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="72846E0FB6AA0543D4A9E047014FE575">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9389A42C479259A08699D152531FBEC2">1</mods:start>
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<mods:location id="B59108ABC24EF2B0DC5FBF5CF05C3DB9">
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<mods:url id="4FA8343BA059176C039B1AD14DF4CAA2">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5191.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="FD96E66E8866FDD107E4CF0AF981AC64">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8380ED5C1D74CE4E2D3713A25F9B6288" type="CLB-Dataset">157785</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FE81E58FD6DDF3F0194525E2797CDEBA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5191.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B3E1452E31EE4AB77F5461EB358CB51E" type="GBIF-Dataset">b8beacf0-8401-4c8b-8b7e-8e97dc1a199e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F7B83005A001FF015E609C13FC8CC4A9" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E06A8EAFBD9D89F2337274C7ED765087" type="Zenodo-Dep">7144073</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039487ACFFCEBA64FF11E44B50BCFE48" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7144129" ID-GBIF-Taxon="202133018" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7144129" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487ACFFCEBA64FF11E44B50BCFE48" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039487ACFFCEBA64FF11E44B50BCFE48" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection id="C3276531FFCEBA67FF11E44B5363FC72" box="[151,530,893,920]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCEBA67FF11E44B5363FC72" blockId="21.[151,530,893,920]" box="[151,530,893,920]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<heading id="D0CA81D6FFCEBA67FF11E44B5363FC72" bold="true" box="[151,530,893,920]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="4">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FF11E44B5363FC72" ID-CoL="BHVPB" authority="(Zeller, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="Zeller" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[151,530,893,920]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Manulea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costalis">
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||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FF11E44B5363FC72" bold="true" box="[151,530,893,920]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FF11E44B5017FC7D" bold="true" box="[151,358,893,920]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Manulea costalis</emphasis>
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(Zeller, 1847)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3276531FFCEBA67FF11E48D52D2FC36" box="[151,931,955,979]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCEBA67FF11E48D52D2FC36" blockId="21.[151,931,955,1041]" box="[151,931,955,979]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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||
Original combination:
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FEF8E48D53D9FC36" authority="Zeller, 1847" authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1847" box="[382,680,955,979]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costalis">
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<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FEF8E48D5355FC36" box="[382,548,955,979]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Lithosia costalis</emphasis>
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Zeller, 1847
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FD35E48A524DFC36" box="[691,828,955,979]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Isis von Oken</emphasis>
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, 1847:16.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3276531FFCEBA67FF11E4EC50ACFC17" box="[151,477,986,1010]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCEBA67FF11E4EC50ACFC17" blockId="21.[151,931,955,1041]" box="[151,477,986,1010]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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||
T. L.:
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||
<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFCEBA67FF53E4EC5061FC14" box="[213,272,986,1009]" country="Turkey" name="Bursa" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bursa</collectingRegion>
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||
(“Brussa”),
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||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFCEBA67FE09E4EC50A8FC17" box="[399,473,986,1010]" name="Turkey" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3276531FFCEBA67FF11E4CF532AFBF4" box="[151,603,1016,1041]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCEBA67FF11E4CF532AFBF4" blockId="21.[151,931,955,1041]" box="[151,603,1016,1041]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FF2AE4CE5326FBF4" authority="Herrich-Schaffer, 1847" authorityName="Herrich-Schaffer" authorityYear="1847" box="[172,599,1016,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morosina">
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<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FF2AE4CE5015FBF5" box="[172,356,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Lithosia morosina</emphasis>
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Herrich-Schäffer, 1847
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3276531FFCEBA67FF11E30E536AFAE3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCEBA67FF11E30E5240FB93" blockId="21.[151,1437,1080,2043]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FF11E30E50F0FBB7" bold="true" box="[151,385,1080,1106]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B553CE7FFCEBA67FE0FE30E558DFBB7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3920698742" box="[393,1276,1080,1107]" collectingDate="2003-09-03" collectorName="Hentscholek" country="Cyprus" elevation="1200" location="Adelfoi-Forest" municipality="Kapoura" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3">
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||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFCEBA67FE0FE30E508BFBB7" box="[393,506,1080,1106]" name="Cyprus" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">CYPRUS</collectingCountry>
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:
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||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD33FFCEBA67FD83E30E5343FBB6" box="[517,562,1080,1107]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE6ACC0FFCEBA67FDB8E30F53D0FBB6" box="[574,673,1081,1107]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Kapoura</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="8EE26061FFCEBA67FD2AE30E5225FBB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487ACFFCEBA64FF11E44B50BCFE48:8EE26061FFCEBA67FD2AE30E5225FBB7" box="[684,852,1080,1106]" country="Cyprus" municipality="Kapoura" name="Adelfoi-Forest" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Adelfoi-Forest</location>
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,
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<quantity id="4CC59B5FFFCEBA67FCD9E30E52C6FBB6" box="[863,951,1080,1107]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1200.0">
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<elevation id="0010D189FFCEBA67FCD9E30E52C6FBB6" box="[863,951,1080,1107]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
,
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||
<date id="FF83107AFFCEBA67FC42E30E555EFBB7" box="[964,1071,1080,1106]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2003-09-03">
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<collectingDate id="EFC7E992FFCEBA67FC42E30E555EFBB7" box="[964,1071,1080,1106]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2003-09-03">3.ix.2003</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName id="26C8536CFFCEBA67FBBAE30E55B9FBB7" box="[1084,1224,1080,1106]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hentscholek</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B553CE7FFCEBA67FA8EE30E5240FB93" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3920698705" collectingDate="2003-08-28" collectorName="Hemtscholek" country="Cyprus" elevation="400" location="Forest" municipality="Agyia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Pafos">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD33FFCEBA67FA8EE30E5442FBB6" box="[1288,1331,1080,1107]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="male">5 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD33FFCEBA67FAEDE30E54E4FBB6" box="[1387,1429,1080,1107]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE6ACC0FFCEBA67FF11E36A51AFFB93" box="[151,222,1116,1142]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Agyia</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFCEBA67FF6CE36A5059FB93" box="[234,296,1116,1142]" country="Cyprus" name="Pafos" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pafos</collectingRegion>
|
||
<location id="8EE26061FFCEBA67FEA9E36B5009FB92" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487ACFFCEBA64FF11E44B50BCFE48:8EE26061FFCEBA67FEA9E36B5009FB92" box="[303,376,1117,1143]" country="Cyprus" municipality="Agyia" name="Forest" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Pafos">Forest</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B5FFFCEBA67FE05E36A50BDFB92" box="[387,460,1116,1143]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="400.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0010D189FFCEBA67FE05E36A50BDFB92" box="[387,460,1116,1143]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF83107AFFCEBA67FE5EE36A5313FB93" box="[472,610,1116,1142]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2003-08-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC7E992FFCEBA67FE5EE36A5313FB93" box="[472,610,1116,1142]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2003-08-28">28.viii.2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8536CFFCEBA67FDEBE36A5270FB93" box="[621,769,1116,1142]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hemtscholek</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCEBA67FF41E3B65025FB5B" blockId="21.[151,1437,1080,2043]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B553CE7FFCEBA67FF41E3B652C8FB7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3920698499" box="[199,953,1152,1179]" collectingDate="1959-09-27" collectionCode="H" collectorName="Reisser" country="Greece" elevation="800" location="Assites" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Kriti">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFCEBA67FF41E3B65049FB7F" box="[199,312,1152,1178]" name="Greece" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GREECE</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD33FFCEBA67FEC3E3B65002FB7E" box="[325,371,1152,1179]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="male">5 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE26061FFCEBA67FEF9E3B650A2FB7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487ACFFCEBA64FF11E44B50BCFE48:8EE26061FFCEBA67FEF9E3B650A2FB7F" box="[383,467,1152,1178]" country="Greece" name="Assites" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Kriti">Assites</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFCEBA67FE66E3B65351FB7F" box="[480,544,1152,1178]" country="Greece" name="Kriti" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Creta</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B5FFFCEBA67FDABE3B65309FB7E" box="[557,632,1152,1179]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="800.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0010D189FFCEBA67FDABE3B65309FB7E" box="[557,632,1152,1179]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF83107AFFCEBA67FD03E3B65271FB7E" box="[645,768,1152,1179]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1959-09-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC7E992FFCEBA67FD03E3B65271FB7E" box="[645,768,1152,1179]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1959-09-27">27.ix.1959</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2CAE7FFFCEBA67FC8BE3B75255FB7E" box="[781,804,1153,1179]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8536CFFCEBA67FCB7E3B652F2FB7F" box="[817,899,1152,1178]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Reisser</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B553CE7FFCEBA67FC41E3B65025FB5B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3920698611" collectingDate="2011-08-05" collectorName="Hentscholek" country="Greece" elevation="1200" location="Omalos" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Kriti">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD33FFCEBA67FC41E3B65282FB7E" box="[967,1011,1152,1179]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE26061FFCEBA67FB85E3B6552CFB7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487ACFFCEBA64FF11E44B50BCFE48:8EE26061FFCEBA67FB85E3B6552CFB7F" box="[1027,1117,1152,1178]" country="Greece" name="Omalos" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Kriti">Omalos</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFCEBA67FBECE3B655DBFB7F" box="[1130,1194,1152,1178]" country="Greece" name="Kriti" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Creta</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B5FFFCEBA67FB30E3B6547EFB7E" box="[1206,1295,1152,1179]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1200.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0010D189FFCEBA67FB30E3B6547EFB7E" box="[1206,1295,1152,1179]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF83107AFFCEBA67FA9BE3B654E9FB7E" box="[1309,1432,1152,1179]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-08-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC7E992FFCEBA67FA9BE3B654E9FB7E" box="[1309,1432,1152,1179]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-08-05">5.viii.2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8536CFFCEBA67FF11E3925052FB5B" box="[151,291,1188,1214]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hentscholek</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCEBA67FF41E3FF536AFAE3" blockId="21.[151,1437,1080,2043]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B553CE7FFCEBA67FF41E3FF554BFB07" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3920698362" box="[199,1082,1224,1251]" collectingDate="2014-08-06" collectionCode="S" collectorName="Schelhorn" country="Turkey" elevation="15" location="Cirali" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="16" specimenCount-female="10" specimenCount-male="6" stateProvince="Antalya">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFCEBA67FF41E3FF504AFB06" box="[199,315,1225,1251]" name="Turkey" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">TURKEY</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD33FFCEBA67FEC0E3FE5000FB06" box="[326,369,1224,1251]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="male">6 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD33FFCEBA67FE2FE3FE5093FB06" box="[425,482,1224,1251]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="female">10 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE26061FFCEBA67FE77E3FE5345FB07" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487ACFFCEBA64FF11E44B50BCFE48:8EE26061FFCEBA67FE77E3FE5345FB07" box="[497,564,1224,1250]" country="Turkey" name="Cirali" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Antalya">Cirali</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFCEBA67FDB8E3FE53EBFB07" box="[574,666,1224,1250]" country="Turkey" name="Antalya" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Antalya</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B5FFFCEBA67FD23E3FE5390FB06" box="[677,737,1224,1251]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="15.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0010D189FFCEBA67FD23E3FE5390FB06" box="[677,737,1224,1251]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF83107AFFCEBA67FD68E3FE521BFB07" box="[750,874,1224,1250]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2014-08-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC7E992FFCEBA67FD68E3FE521BFB07" box="[750,874,1224,1250]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2014-08-06">6.viii.2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2CAE7FFFCEBA67FCF0E3FE52F9FB07" box="[886,904,1224,1250]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8536CFFCEBA67FC13E3FE5576FB07" box="[917,1031,1224,1250]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Schelhorn</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B553CE7FFCEBA67FBC1E3FE536AFAE3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3920698330" collectingDate="2011-10-19" collectionCode="A" collectorName="Saldaitis" country="Turkey" elevation="700" location="Kemer" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-female="7" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Antalya">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD33FFCEBA67FBC1E3FE5503FB06" box="[1095,1138,1224,1251]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="male">5 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD33FFCEBA67FB2CE3FF55A4FB06" box="[1194,1237,1225,1251]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="female">7 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFCEBA67FB65E3FE544EFB07" box="[1251,1343,1224,1250]" country="Turkey" name="Antalya" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Antalya</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE26061FFCEBA67FACCE3FF54E9FB06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487ACFFCEBA64FF11E44B50BCFE48:8EE26061FFCEBA67FACCE3FF54E9FB06" box="[1354,1432,1225,1251]" country="Turkey" name="Kemer" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Antalya">Kemer</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B5FFFCEBA67FF11E3DA5191FAE2" box="[151,224,1260,1287]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0010D189FFCEBA67FF11E3DA5191FAE2" box="[151,224,1260,1287]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF83107AFFCEBA67FF6AE3DA502CFAE3" box="[236,349,1260,1286]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-10-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC7E992FFCEBA67FF6AE3DA502CFAE3" box="[236,349,1260,1286]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-10-19">19.x.2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2CAE7FFFCEBA67FEE1E3DA500FFAE3" box="[359,382,1260,1286]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8536CFFCEBA67FE0CE3DA509BFAE3" box="[394,490,1260,1286]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Saldaitis</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276531FFCEBA67FF41E22651ACFA3B" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCEBA67FF41E22651ACFA3B" blockId="21.[151,1437,1080,2043]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FF41E2265033FACF" bold="true" box="[199,322,1296,1322]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FE6CE22653E6FACF" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1827" box="[490,663,1296,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eilema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caniola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FE6CE22653E6FACF" box="[490,663,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Eilema caniola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is a large, narrow-winged species, and differs externally by the narrower, dark greyish earth-coloured wings, with a fine short ochre line on the inner margin. Hindwing pale ivory with a fine yellow costal stripe and faint grey diffusion towards anal area. The forewings are narrower and the costal stripe is thinner, distally more tapered than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FD2FE24A52F2FA73" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[681,899,1404,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Manulea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="complana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FD2FE24A52F2FA73" box="[681,899,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Manulea complana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and androconia are absent on the underside. It is more contrasting in colour than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FD9DE2965234FA5F" baseAuthorityName="Daniel" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[539,837,1440,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Manulea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudocomplana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FD9DE2965234FA5F" box="[539,837,1440,1466]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Manulea pseudocomplana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FCFAE296552BFA5F" baseAuthorityName="Scopoli" baseAuthorityYear="1763" box="[892,1114,1440,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Manulea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palliatella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FCFAE296552BFA5F" box="[892,1114,1440,1466]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Manulea palliatella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with a better-defined costal stripe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276531FFCEBA67FF41E2DE5556F81E" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCEBA67FF41E2DE534AF9C3" blockId="21.[151,1437,1080,2043]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FF41E2DE5300F9E7" bold="true" box="[199,625,1512,1538]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Re-description. Imago (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A3FFFCEBA67FE58E2DE5312F9E7" box="[478,611,1512,1538]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–16" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[196,1390,192,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-19@23.[177,1411,181,1762]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 9–16. 9. Manulea pseudocomplana (Daniel, 1939). Male: Lukov, Znojmo, Moravia, República Checa, 24.viii.1997, P. Vitek leg.; 10. Female: Lukov, Znojmo, Moravia, República Checa, 24.viii.1997, P. Vitek leg.; 11. Manulea costalis (Zeller, 1847). Male: Kapoura, Adelfoi-Forest, Chipre, 1200 m, 3.ix.2003, Hentscholek leg.; 12. Female: Agyia, Pafos Forest, Chipre, 400 m, 28.viii.2003, Hemtscholek leg. 13. Manulea palliatella (Scopoli, 1763). Male: Sierra de Valdemaca, Collado Bajo (Cuenca) Spain, 1500 m, 31.vii.1999, R. Macià & J. Ylla leg.; 14. Female: Valle de Valdevecar, Albarracín (Teruel) Spain, 1100 m, 23.viii.1997, R. Macià leg.; 15. Indalia marcida (Mann, 1859). Male: Puerto de Ojen (Cádiz) Spain, 200 m, 28.viii.1991, J. Gastón leg.; 16. Female: Porto Cristo, Manacor (Mallorca) Spain, 30 m, 30SDE27, 27.vi.2007, G. Zsolt leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7144093" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7144093/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 11–12</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Average wingspan males 30.3 mm (n=10;
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B5FFFCEBA67FBC1E2DE55B3F9E7" box="[1095,1218,1512,1538]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="26.0">26–34 mm</quantity>
|
||
); average wingspan females 33.0 mm (n=10;
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B5FFFCEBA67FE34E13A535EF9C3" box="[434,559,1548,1574]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="29.0">29–36 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCEBA67FF41E10654E6F93F" blockId="21.[151,1437,1080,2043]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FF41E10650D0F9AF" bold="true" box="[199,417,1584,1610]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A3FFFCEBA67FEC5E10650E5F9AF" box="[323,404,1584,1610]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="62.[151,250,859,883]" captionTargetBox="[233,1351,192,827]" captionTargetId="figure-31@62.[225,1362,181,834]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 55. Manulea costalis male and female genitalia, gen. prep. 7309JG, Kapoura Picnic, Adelfoi forest (Cyprus); 7310JG, Kapoura Picnic, Adelfoi forest (Cyprus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7144133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7144133/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia: Structure similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FCF6E1065537F9AF" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[880,1094,1584,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Manulea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="complana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FCF6E1065537F9AF" box="[880,1094,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Manulea complana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FBF1E10654EDF9AF" baseAuthorityName="Daniel" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1143,1436,1584,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Manulea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudocomplana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FBF1E10654EDF9AF" box="[1143,1436,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Manulea pseudocomplana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from which it differs mainly in the slightly more pointed valva and the sternite of the 7th segment, which is very pointed in its upper part and less marked. Female genitalia:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFCEBA67FCAEE14F5218F976" box="[808,873,1657,1683]" country="Turkey" name="Bursa" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bursa</collectingRegion>
|
||
copulatrix displaced to the right, as in the previous species, with two small signum; cervix bursa of a great size, with many membraneous warts internally covered with very dense areas of spinules; ductus seminalis begins with a big membraneus process also covered with spinumes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCEBA67FF41E1D25357F91B" blockId="21.[151,1437,1080,2043]" box="[199,550,1764,1791]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FF41E1D250E7F91B" bold="true" box="[199,406,1764,1790]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Immature stages.</emphasis>
|
||
Not studied.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCEBA67FF41E03E5556F81E" blockId="21.[151,1437,1080,2043]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FF41E03E50F7F8C7" bold="true" box="[199,390,1800,1826]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Molecular data.</emphasis>
|
||
We sequenced a topotypical specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FCEEE03F5294F8C7" authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1847" box="[872,997,1800,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FCEEE03F5294F8C7" box="[872,997,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. costalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that happened to cluster together with an unidentified sample from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFCEBA67FE61E01A5347F8A3" box="[487,566,1836,1862]" name="Greece" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
(LEASW1169-20). These two samples were found to contribute to a wellsupported
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FE8BE06650BFF88F" baseAuthorityName="Zeller" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[269,462,1872,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Manulea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FE8BE06650BFF88F" box="[269,462,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Manulea costalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
node (PP=1) with a considerable within-group distance (0.93% ± 0.37SE), which may be partially due to geographic isolation of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFCEBA67FD2CE042538AF86B" box="[682,763,1908,1934]" name="Cyprus" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
|
||
population. In agreement with the morphological data, the Bayesian Inference analysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A3FFFCEBA67FE5AE0AE5313F857" box="[476,610,1944,1970]" captionStart="FIGURE 119" captionStartId="84.[151,260,1040,1066]" captionTargetBox="[362,1257,232,962]" captionTargetId="figure-31@84.[317,1271,180,1017]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURE 119. Radial representation of the unrooted phylogenetic tree obtained by Bayesian Inference. The combined data from the mitochondrial marker COI and the nuclear markers ArgK and DDX23 have been run in three different partitions in the BEAST2 software. Posterior probability values are displayed beside the nodes. For clarity, the branches under the species or subspecies nodes have been collapsed indicating the number of specimens for each taxon. Font colour indicates distinct groups as discussed in the text: Green: Eilema genus; Light blue: Manulea genus; Dark blue: lutarella group from Indalia genus; Yellow: uniola group from Indalia genus; Orange: predotae group from Indalia genus; Red: Nyea genus; Violet: Setema genus; Black: remaining species under study and outgroup species (Nudaria mundana)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7144277" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7144277/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figures 119</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A3FFFCEBA67FDE8E0AE53E8F857" box="[622,665,1944,1970]" captionStart="FIGURE 120" captionStartId="85.[151,260,957,983]" captionTargetBox="[227,1358,190,933]" captionTargetId="figure-19@85.[227,1361,180,935]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 120. Phylogenetic tree representation obtained by Bayesian Inference of the extended dataset including the COI Barcode sequences published in BOLD as Eilema or Manulea genus and the sequences obtained in this study. The combined data from the mitochondrial marker COI and the nuclear markers ArgK and DDX23 have been run in three different partitions in BEAST2. Posterior probability values are displayed beside the nodes. For clarity, the branches under the species or subspecies nodes have been collapsed indicating the number of specimens for each taxon next to the countries of collection (AU: Austria; CRO: Croatia; CYP: Cyprus; CZR: Czech Republic; DE: Denmark; FI: Finland; Fr: France; GE: Germany; GR: Greece; IT: Italy; MAC: Macedonia; NL: Netherlands; NOR: Norway; PAK: Pakistan; RU: Russia; SP: Spain; UK: United Kingdom). Branches in grey color and font correspond to clades not reviewed in the current work. In all other cases, font colour indicates distinct clades as discussed in the text: Green: Eilema genus; Light blue: Manulea genus; Dark blue: lutarella group from Indalia genus; Yellow: uniola group from Indalia genus; Orange: predotae group from Indalia genus; Red: Nyea genus; Violet: Setema genus; Black: remaining species under study and outgroup species (Nudaria mundana)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7144279" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7144279/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">120</figureCitation>
|
||
) places this species within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FC40E0AE555BF857" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1863" box="[966,1066,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Manulea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FC40E0AE555BF857" box="[966,1066,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Manulea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, closer to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FB42E0AE54EDF857" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1220,1436,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Manulea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="complana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FB42E0AE54EDF857" box="[1220,1436,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Manulea complana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (average TN-dist=4.14%) than to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFCEBA67FDEBE08A526AF833" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1827" box="[621,795,1980,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eilema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caniola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCEBA67FDEBE08A526AF833" box="[621,795,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Eilema caniola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(TN-dist=5.80%). RESL algorithm produced a distinct cluster with a Nearest Neighbour distance of 3.52%, matching no registered BIN.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276531FFCDBA64FF41E7A05321FEF8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCDBA64FF41E7A05321FEF8" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCDBA64FF41E7A05056FF55" bold="true" box="[199,295,150,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Univoltine, with a flight period from July to September. Hygrophilous, frequent in mixed and open deciduous forests of valleys and streams, extending to slightly above timberline. Sometimes locally abundant. Adults of both sexes are attracted to artificial light and can be seen during the day feeding at flowers. The larvae feed on lichens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B4BFFCDBA64FEC9E6355334FEF8" author="Witt, T. J. & Ronkay, L." box="[335,581,259,285]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref61167" refString="Witt, T. J. & Ronkay, L. (2011) Lymantrinae and Arctiinae including Phylogeny and Check List of the Quadrifid Noctuoidea of Europe. Noctuidae Europaeae 13. Entomological Press, Soro, 448 pp." type="book" year="2011">Witt & Ronkay, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276531FFCDBA64FF41E61050BCFE48" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFCDBA64FF41E61050BCFE48" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFCDBA64FF41E61050A8FEA5" bold="true" box="[199,473,294,320]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Distribution (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A3FFFCDBA64FEECE61050BAFEA5" box="[362,459,294,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 95–109" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[171,1412,187,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-31@82.[166,1421,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 95–109. 95. Eilema caniola caniola; 96. Eilema caniola torsteni; 97. Manulea complana; 98. Manulea iberica; 99. Manulea pseudocomplana; 100. Manulea palliatella; 101. Manulea costalis; 102. Indalia marcida; 103. Indalia predotae; 104. Indalia albicosta; 105. Indalia interposita; 106. Indalia uniola; 107. Indalia lutarella lutarella; 108. Indalia lutarella luqueti; 109. Indalia pygmaeola pygmaeola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7144271" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7144271/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Ponto-mediterranean. Widespread but localized and infrequent in the southern half of the Balkans (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFCDBA64FEABE67D5008FE80" box="[301,377,331,357]" name="Serbia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Serbia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFCDBA64FE00E67D50AAFE80" box="[390,475,331,357]" name="Croatia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Croatia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Macedonia,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFCDBA64FDF2E67D5271FE80" box="[628,768,331,357]" name="Serbia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Montenegro</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFCDBA64FC8DE67D5215FE80" box="[779,868,331,357]" name="Albania" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Albania</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFCDBA64FC1BE67D5280FE80" box="[925,1009,331,357]" name="Greece" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
). It is also known from some
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFCDBA64FAC1E67D54ECFE80" box="[1351,1437,331,357]" country="Greece" name="Voreio Aigaio" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Aegean</collectingRegion>
|
||
islands including Thasos and Samotracia, and also from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFCDBA64FC8AE659523AFE6C" box="[780,843,367,393]" country="Greece" name="Kriti" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Crete</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Rhodos, and Samos. Outside Europe present in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFCDBA64FAEFE65951ACFE48" name="Turkey" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Asia Minor</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Middle East.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |