treatments-xml/data/AC/DF/35/ACDF350B704B56DE9323AA7CDAB0C62E.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.933.46406" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f0864a76-5768-4c9a-bf21-93083ecd7405" ID-PMC="PMC7248128" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-933-125" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8D09F8D3F5CD5A478630B8D943B7819B" ID-PubMed="32508492" ID-ZooBank="B1A5BC7385F145839F4693B844736F36" ModsDocID="1313-2970-933-125" checkinTime="1589853457322" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wu, Haohao, Qu, Meng, Lin, Hungdu, Tang, Wei &amp; Ding, Shaoxiong" docDate="2020" docId="ACDF350B704B56DE9323AA7CDAB0C62E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 933: 125-137" docOrigin="ZooKeys 933" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.933.46406" docTitle="Epinephelus tankahkeei Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="1C62B8C1-33B3-4A75-88D9-C49B5897EA55" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="8D09F8D3F5CD5A478630B8D943B7819B" lastPageNumber="125" masterDocId="8D09F8D3F5CD5A478630B8D943B7819B" masterDocTitle="Epinephelus tankahkeei, a new species of grouper (Teleostei, Perciformes, Epinephelidae) from the South China Sea" masterLastPageNumber="137" masterPageNumber="125" pageNumber="125" updateTime="1668168836901" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Epinephelus tankahkeei, a new species of grouper (Teleostei, Perciformes, Epinephelidae) from the South China Sea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wu, Haohao</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Marine Biodiversity and Global Change Research Center, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4610-2566</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Qu, Meng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Marine Biodiversity and Global Change Research Center, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lin, Hungdu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>The Affiliated School of National Tainan First Senior High School, Tainan, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2841-1886</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Tang, Wei</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Marine Biodiversity and Global Change Research Center, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ding, Shaoxiong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Marine Biodiversity and Global Change Research Center, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China &amp; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sxding@xmu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>933</mods:number>
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<mods:start>125</mods:start>
<mods:end>137</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.933.46406</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.933.46406</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-933-125</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164167932" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1C62B8C1-33B3-4A75-88D9-C49B5897EA55" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ACDF350B704B56DE9323AA7CDAB0C62E" lastPageNumber="125" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="125" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<taxonomicName LSID="ACDF350B-704B-56DE-9323-AA7CDAB0C62E" authority="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding, 2020" authorityName="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus tankahkeei" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tankahkeei" status="sp. nov.">Epinephelus tankahkeei</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="125">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Epinephelus tankahkeei a holotype, ZMUA-eptan 06, 244.5 mm SL, Xisha Islands from the South China Sea b preserved holotype c paratype, ZMUA-eptan 02, 233.2 mm SL, purchased at the Bashi market in Xiamen, Fujian, China, 22 August 2016." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.933.46406.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411309" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epinephelus tankahkeei sp. nov. Radiograph of paratype ZMUA-eptan 08, 274.2 mm SL." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.933.46406.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411310" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">, 2</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Meristics and measurements for type specimens of Epinephelus tankahkeei and E. chlorostigma. The dashes indicate that data were not collected due to specimen damage, which prevented an accurate measurement or count." pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Table 1</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="125" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Holotype</emphasis>
: ZMUA-eptan06, 244.5 mm SL, Caught in Yongxing Island, Sansha, Hainan, 2 April 2017. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Paratypes</emphasis>
: ZMUA-eptan01, 111.0 mm SL, China, purchased at a fish market in Xiamen, Fujian, China, 1 September 2011, reported as collected in the south Taiwan Strait; ZMUA-eptan02, 233.2 mm SL, purchased at the Bashi market in Xiamen, Fujian, China, 22 August 2016, reported as collected in the south Taiwan Strait; ZMUA-eptan03, 215.4 mm SL, collected with the ZMUA-eptan02; ZMUA-eptan04, 262.5 mm SL, purchased at a fish market in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, 15 February 2017, reported as collected in the South China Sea; ZMUA-eptan05, 232.6 mm SL, collected with the holotype; ZMUA-eptan07, 252.9 mm SL, purchased at a fish market in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, 1 July 2017, reported as collected in the South China Sea; ZMUA-eptan08, 274.2 mm SL, China, purchased at a fish market in Xiamen, Fujian, China, 31 July 2018, reported as collected in the south Taiwan Strait. ZMUA-eptan09, 186.5 mm SL, China, purchased at a fish market in Haikou, Hainan, China, 22 March 2019, reported as captured using a trawl net in Mulan Bay, Wenchang, Hainan.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.933.46406.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411309" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus tankahkeei" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">a</emphasis>
holotype, ZMUA-eptan06, 244.5 mm SL, Xisha Islands from the South China Sea 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">b</emphasis>
preserved holotype 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">c</emphasis>
paratype, ZMUA-eptan02, 233.2 mm SL, purchased at the Bashi market in Xiamen, Fujian, China, 22 August 2016.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.933.46406.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411310" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus tankahkeei" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Radiograph of paratype ZMUA-eptan08, 274.2 mm SL.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="125" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus tankahkeei" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. can be distinguished from all other Indo-Pacific 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1793" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species by the following characteristics: dorsal-fin rays XI, 16-18 (vs. 14-15 in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Randall &amp; Heemstra" authorityYear="1991" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus gabriellae" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gabriellae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus gabriellae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); anal-fin rays III, 8; pectoral-fin rays 16 or 17; lateral-line scales 47-51 (vs. 65-72 in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Randall &amp; Heemstra" authorityYear="1991" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus polylepis" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polylepis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus polylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); caudal fin convex (vs. slightly emarginate or truncate caudal fin in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. chlorostigma" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="chlorostigma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. chlorostigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="non Forsskål" baseAuthorityYear="1775" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus areolatus" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="areolatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus areolatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Vaillant" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus bleekeri" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bleekeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus bleekeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klunzinger" authorityYear="1870" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus geoffroyi" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus geoffroyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); anal fin rounded (vs. angular anal fin in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. chlorostigma" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="chlorostigma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. chlorostigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. geoffroyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="geoffroyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. geoffroyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); membranes of spinous portion of dorsal fin slightly incised; head (except chest), body (except abdomen), and fins (pectoral fin spotted only basally) with numerous, irregular, close-set, dark brown spots, becoming more widely spaced on the lower part, the ground color forming a pale network (vs. lager spots in 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1830" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus miliaris" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miliaris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus miliaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. areolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="areolatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. areolatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); rear margin of the caudal fin without a narrow white line (vs. a clear white margin posteriorly on the caudal fin in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. chlorostigma" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="chlorostigma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. chlorostigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. areolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="areolatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. areolatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="125" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Dorsal-fin rays XI, 16 (16-18); anal-fin rays III, 8; pectoral-fin rays 16 (16 or 17); lateral-line scales 51 (47-51); lateral scale series 123 (111-123); gill rakers 10 (10-11) +15 (14-16); vertebra 24; body slightly elongated and body depth less than head length. Body depth contained 3.2 (3.0-3.2) in standard length. Body laterally compressed and body width 2.6 (2.1-2.6) in body depth. Head length 2.7 (2.5-2.7) in SL; orbit diameter 6.1 (4.9-6.8) in head; snout length 3.8 (3.6-4.0) in head. Dorsal profile of head nearly straight except at the snout with a slight notch before eyes. Interorbital region convex, width 6.3 (5.6- 7.2) in head; preorbital depth 7.8 (7.8-11.3) in head; caudal-peduncle length 1.9 (1.8-2.2) in head; caudal-peduncle depth 3.3 (3.2-3.7).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Mouth large and lower jaw slightly projecting and oblique. Lower jaw 3.4 (3.4-3.9) in head length; upper jaw 2.4 (2.3-2.5) in head. Maxilla slightly extending to rear edge of eye and posterior edge of maxilla slightly rounded. Maxilla width 8.1 (7.9-9.2) in head. One or two pairs of canine teeth at anterior part of the upper and lower jaw. Teeth of lower jaw form two rows and expand anteriorly into three rows; teeth in the outer side are larger than the inner side. Villiform teeth present on vomer and palatines. Tongue slender and sharp at tip. Longest gill raker was greater in length than longest gill filament. Nostrils round and posterior nostril larger than anterior nostril. Anterior nostril with a membranous flap.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Three spines on operculum, topmost and undermost small, the middle the largest. Tip of middle spine extending farther towards tail than tip of lower spine. Upper edge of opercular membrane slightly convex coming to a rounded point posteriorly. Preopercle rounded with four to five prominent spines at angle and with numerous fine serrae while increasing in size downward. Lateral line starting from posterior opercle and slightly arched over pectoral region. Scales on head, thorax, abdomen, anterodorsal part of body and fin membranes weakly ctenoid. Auxiliary scales absent. Small scales present on inner margins of dorsal, pectoral, pelvic, and caudal fins and not extending to the rear margin area.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Origin of dorsal fin before pectoral-fin base. Membranes of spinous portion of dorsal fin slightly incised. First dorsal spine contained 1.9 (1.6-2.0) times in second spine; second spine 1.2 (1.2-1.5) times in longest spine (third and fourth spine); longest spine contained 2.6 (2.6-3.1) in head length. Longest soft dorsal ray 2.4 (2.3-2.8) in head. Anal-fin origin below origin of first soft dorsal ray. First anal spine 2.0 (1.9- 2.3) times in second anal spine; second anal spine 1.2 (1.1- 1.4) times in third anal spine; third anal spine longest 3.5 (3.0-4.1) in head. Longest anal-fin rays 2.1 (1.9-2.5) in head. Caudal fin convex, 1.7 (1.6-2.0) in head. Middle pectoral rays longest, 1.8 (1.7-1.9) in head and reaching to base of 9th dorsal spine. Origin of pelvic fin slightly posterior to pectoral-fin base.</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="DDE821F172C72AC0F6E1497255288B89" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DDE821F172C72AC0F6E1497255288B89" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Table 1.</emphasis>
Meristics and measurements for type specimens of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus tankahkeei" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. chlorostigma" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="chlorostigma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. chlorostigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The dashes indicate that data were not collected due to specimen damage, which prevented an accurate measurement or count.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="2">-</td>
<td colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus tankahkeei" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. chlorostigma" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="chlorostigma">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. chlorostigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">ZMUA-eptan06 (holotype)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Range for all type specimens</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">ANSP 103722</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">ANSP 163245</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Standard length (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">244.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">111-274.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">281</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">398</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Total length (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">286.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">136.5-334.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">355</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">503</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Dorsal-fin ray count</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">XI, 17</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">XI, 16-18</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">XI, 16</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">XI, 16</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Anal-fin ray count</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">III,8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">III,8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">III,8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">III,8</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Pectoral-fin ray count</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">16</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">16-17</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">18</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">17</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Pelvic-fin ray count</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">I+5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">I+5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">I+5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">I+5</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Lateral line scales</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">51</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">47-51</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">52</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">58</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Lateral scale series</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">123</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">111-123</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">102</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">106</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Gill rakers count</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">10+15</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">10-11+14-16</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">9+14</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">8+18</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">% of SL</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Body depth</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">31.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">31.1-33.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">34.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">35.6</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Body width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">12.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">12.2-15.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">16.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">18.1</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Head length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">37.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">36.9-39.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">38.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">39.2</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Snout length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">9.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">9.5-10.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">10.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">10.1</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Orbit diameter</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">6.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">5.7-8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">7.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">6.1</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Preorbital depth</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">4.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">3.5-4.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">4.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">4.5</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Interorbital width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">5.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">5.5-6.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">7.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">8</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Maxilla width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">4.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">4.1-4.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">4.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">5.1</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Upper jaw length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">15.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">15.6-17.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">18.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">17.5</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Lower jaw length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">11</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">8.6-11.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">12.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">11.7</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Caudal peduncle depth</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">11.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">10.5-12.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">11.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">10.8</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Caudal peduncle length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">19.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">18-21.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">20.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">22.7</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Predorsal length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">34.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">32.4-38.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">36.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">36.5</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Preanal length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">63.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">58.5-69.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">68.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">73.9</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Prepelvic length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">36.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">34.8-40.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">38.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">34.7</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Dorsal-fin base</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">53.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">53.1-61.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">59.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">54.8</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Longest hard dorsal ray</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">14.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">12.4-14.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">15.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">14.3</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Longest soft dorsal ray</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">15.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">13.4-16.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">14.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">15.4</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Anal-fin base</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">15</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">14.8-17.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">15.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">16.2</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Third anal spine length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">10.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">9.3-13.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">10.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">8.1</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Longest anal soft ray</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">17.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">14.9-21.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">15.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">15</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Caudal-fin length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">22.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">18.7-24.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">25.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">22.3</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Pectoral-fin length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">20.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">19.6-23.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">20.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">20.2</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Pelvic-fin length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">19.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">18.1-21.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">20.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">17.4</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Pelvic spine length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">11</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">9.7-12.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">10.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">9.2</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="125" type="coloration in life">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Coloration in life</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">(based on photographs of the fresh holotype and paratypes).</emphasis>
Head (except chest), body (except abdomen), and fins (pectoral fin only basally) with numerous, irregular, close-set, dark brown spots becoming more widely spaced on the lower part and with the ground color forming a pale network (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Epinephelus tankahkeei a holotype, ZMUA-eptan 06, 244.5 mm SL, Xisha Islands from the South China Sea b preserved holotype c paratype, ZMUA-eptan 02, 233.2 mm SL, purchased at the Bashi market in Xiamen, Fujian, China, 22 August 2016." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.933.46406.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411309" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">1a</figureCitation>
); dorsal fin, caudal fin and anal fin dark brown; pectoral fin translucent with reddish brown to light yellowish-brown; body sometimes with four faint, irregular, discrete dark bars; rear margin of the caudal fin without a narrow white line.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="125" type="coloration in preservative">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Coloration in preservative.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
Body yellowish-brown to tan with close-set spots remaining prominent or faded (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Epinephelus tankahkeei a holotype, ZMUA-eptan 06, 244.5 mm SL, Xisha Islands from the South China Sea b preserved holotype c paratype, ZMUA-eptan 02, 233.2 mm SL, purchased at the Bashi market in Xiamen, Fujian, China, 22 August 2016." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.933.46406.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411309" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">1b, c</figureCitation>
). Dorsal, caudal, and anal fins dark brown. Pectoral fin pale and opaque.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="125" type="genetic analyses">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Genetic analyses.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
Mitochondrial 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">COI</emphasis>
gene sequences were obtained from nine specimens of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. tankahkeei" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Several sequences of related species were also sequenced in this study or obtained from GenBank. 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. tankahkeei" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 13 species-specific mutations at nucleotide positions 126, 216, 222, 249, 276, 372, 414, 519, 525, 528, 558, 567, and 576 (Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Species-specific mutation sites in the COI gene for Epinephelus tankahkeei." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CEFDC17652E380C1FD8513D51C075054" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" tableUuid="CEFDC17652E380C1FD8513D51C075054">2</tableCitation>
). The intraspecific mean distance of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. tankahkeei" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was 0.0028. The interspecific mean distances indicated that 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. tankahkeei" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. chlorostigma" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="chlorostigma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. chlorostigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 0.0621, from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. polylepis" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="polylepis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. polylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 0.0771, from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. gabriellae" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="gabriellae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. gabriellae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 0.1263, from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. miliaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="miliaris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. miliaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 0.0904, from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. geoffroyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="geoffroyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. geoffroyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 0.1219, and from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. areolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="areolatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. areolatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 0.0855 (Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Analysis of the intraspecific and interspecific (K 2 P model) distances, interspecific distances (in lower left) and standard errors (in upper right) based on the COI locus between Epinephelus tankahkeei and closely related species; IMD = Intraspecific mean distance; SE = standard error." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9D2D4BB57EC2297A9AB1AAAFCFC370BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" tableUuid="9D2D4BB57EC2297A9AB1AAAFCFC370BE">3</tableCitation>
). Phylogenetic trees using both maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference showed almost complete agreement, with 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. tankahkeei" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forming a monophyletic clade that excluded all other closely related species (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bayesian phylogenetic tree of Epinephelus tankahkeei and closely related fish species. Numbers above nodes are Bayesian posterior probability values (left) and ML bootstrap values above 50 (right)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.933.46406.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411311" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.933.46406.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411311" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Bayesian phylogenetic tree of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus tankahkeei" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and closely related fish species. Numbers above nodes are Bayesian posterior probability values (left) and ML bootstrap values above 50 (right).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="125" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
The new species was recently observed in the South China Sea and Taiwan Strait. Similar to other congeners, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. tankahkeei" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a reef-associated species that feeds on fishes and invertebrates.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="125" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus tankahkeei" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is named after Tan Kah Kee (1874-1961), who was a famous overseas Chinese educator, philanthropist, and social activist and the founder of Xiamen University and Jimei School, in honor of his significant contribution to the motherland.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="CEFDC17652E380C1FD8513D51C075054" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CEFDC17652E380C1FD8513D51C075054" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" start="Table 2" startId="T2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Table 2.</emphasis>
Species-specific mutation sites in the 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">COI</emphasis>
gene for 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus tankahkeei" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<th colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="2">-</th>
<th colspan="13" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Nucleotide position (beginning from 5' end)</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">126</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">216</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">222</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">249</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">276</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">372</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">414</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">519</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">525</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">528</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">558</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">567</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">576</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus tankahkeei" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">T</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">C</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">C</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">A</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">C</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">G</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">G</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">T</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">G</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">C</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">T</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">G</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">C</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Other closely related species in this study</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">C</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">A, G</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">T</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">T, C</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">A</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">A</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">A</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">A, G</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">C</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">G, A</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">A, G, C</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">A</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">A, T</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="9D2D4BB57EC2297A9AB1AAAFCFC370BE" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9D2D4BB57EC2297A9AB1AAAFCFC370BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" start="Table 3" startId="T3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Table 3.</emphasis>
Analysis of the intraspecific and interspecific (K2P model) distances, interspecific distances (in lower left) and standard errors (in upper right) based on the 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">COI</emphasis>
locus between 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus tankahkeei" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and closely related species; IMD = Intraspecific mean distance; SE = standard error.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<th colspan="5" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">-</th>
<th colspan="7" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Interspecific Mean Distance</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Group</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">Species</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">N</emphasis>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">IMD</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">SE</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">1</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">2</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">3</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">4</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">5</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">6</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">7</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu &amp; Qu &amp; Lin &amp; Tang &amp; Ding" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epinephelus tankahkeei" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tankahkeei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">Epinephelus tankahkeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0028</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0010</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0112</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0100</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0144</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0123</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0141</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0122</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. polylepis" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="polylepis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. polylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0031</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0015</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0771</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0093</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0144</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0127</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0136</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0119</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. chlorostigma" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="chlorostigma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. chlorostigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0030</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0013</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0621</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0545</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0143</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0110</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0138</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0110</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. gabriellae" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="gabriellae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. gabriellae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0016</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0015</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.1263</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.1142</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.1169</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0148</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0066</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0154</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. miliaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="miliaris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. miliaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0000</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0000</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0904</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0885</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0730</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.1143</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0143</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0122</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. geoffroyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="geoffroyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. geoffroyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0047</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0026</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.1219</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.1073</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.1107</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0321</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.1107</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0143</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="125">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. areolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rank="species" species="areolatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="125">E. areolatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0031</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0018</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0855</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0831</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0641</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.1239</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.0918</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">0.1152</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="125" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>