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114 lines
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<document id="31A788792EFA9EB671305147A524BB39" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5493.5.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13330505" ID-ZooBank="A1D78367-F2EB-4408-A077-5EA8888D6B60" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1723804686241" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nain, Deepak, Rana, Anjali, Raychoudhury, Rhitoban & Sen, Ruchira" docDate="2024" docId="6C676852FFC2FFD3FF17A6B2AAC9F83F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5493.5.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5493 (5)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5493.5.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Xenos gadagkari , Sen and Nain 2024, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="2AE835D7-A234-4B50-B4C1-F67B239F9013" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="571" masterDocId="905E102AFFC8FFD9FF80A029AE52FFEA" masterDocTitle="Morphology, biology and phylogeny of Xenos gadagkari sp. nov. (Strepsiptera: Xenidae): an endoparasite of Polistes wattii (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)" masterLastPageNumber="576" masterPageNumber="561" pageNumber="571" updateTime="1723805775306" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="39A12A9FF968B3A9969A5C8607FD446E">Morphology, biology and phylogeny of Xenos gadagkari sp. nov. (Strepsiptera: Xenidae): an endoparasite of Polistes wattii (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8EA974FD7B832BA3F1A9A8BFD652D7B6">Nain, Deepak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EA9117BC34CC5F25046D214D48ED486F">Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DE5891826E6E8ADC768FE6C6D7BB4F2A">Rana, Anjali</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B5BC82D6A0FD29A4D535EC985A45D083">Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Mohali), Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India 140306</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="BF69CE2BD27F9C71ADE08A99608BFE25">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8B5A1BD0E768278803F491D7F783646A">Raychoudhury, Rhitoban</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C03B7300D8B5F9D166E3089271F4687B">Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Mohali), Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India 140306</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9598C88D6C1A7C1A0D9C88E919101A4B">Sen, Ruchira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B6B8F6F5CA443D15FA03F264343E3961">PG Department of Zoology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Sector 26, Chandigarh, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5F0D425C393727FD11B8F410AEAA057D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8ECF79D6F82FC6A72C9AC0C0455FE926">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BC316EE3883EC5AB35913E17F2B19A2A">2024-08-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2AC3099AD587EB5BDEAE11A01EC8078B">5493</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="3B2E2E3ADE983C2E22C1ACDBF04BA852">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5493.5.5</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="CCF06AC62A23ECF10036E9831DCEAFA9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5552783785570BF01D727A6361E1E06F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5493.5.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DC9CD6692D75CFFB4ED18963D6CE8661" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6C676852FFC2FFD3FF17A6B2AAC9F83F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13330507" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13330507" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2AE835D7-A234-4B50-B4C1-F67B239F9013" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6C676852FFC2FFD3FF17A6B2AAC9F83F" lastPageNumber="571" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">
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<subSubSection id="ACD48ACFFFC2FFD3FF17A6B2AFF3F916" pageId="10" pageNumber="571" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E471D944FFC2FFD3FF17A6B2AC2AF95E" blockId="10.[151,632,1690,1717]" box="[151,632,1690,1717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">
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<heading id="BF396E28FFC2FFD3FF17A6B2AC2AF95E" bold="true" box="[151,632,1690,1717]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="571" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D6BA0556FFC2FFD3FF17A6B2AC2AF95E" bold="true" box="[151,632,1690,1717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">
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<taxonomicName id="23CEA2C7FFC2FFD3FF17A6B2AC48F95E" authority="Sen and Nain" authorityName=", Sen and Nain" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,538,1690,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Xenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gadagkari" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="D6BA0556FFC2FFD3FF17A6B2AF31F95F" bold="true" box="[151,355,1690,1717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">Xenos gadagkari</emphasis>
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, Sen and Nain
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="CD89B82DFFC2FFD3FDA2A6B3AC2AF95E" box="[546,632,1690,1716]" pageId="10" pageNumber="571" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E471D944FFC2FFD3FF17A6CBAFF3F916" blockId="10.[151,417,1762,1788]" box="[151,417,1762,1788]" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">
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<heading id="BF396E28FFC2FFD3FF17A6CBAFF3F916" bold="true" box="[151,417,1762,1788]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="571" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D6BA0556FFC2FFD3FF17A6CBAFF3F916" bold="true" box="[151,417,1762,1788]" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">Phylogenetic analysis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="ACD48ACFFFC2FFD3FF17A703AAC9F83F" pageId="10" pageNumber="571" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E471D944FFC2FFD3FF17A703AAC9F83F" blockId="10.[151,1437,1834,2005]" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">
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The phylogenetic analysis of
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<taxonomicName id="23CEA2C7FFC2FFD3FE72A702ACDBF8AE" authorityName=", Sen and Nain" authorityYear="2024" box="[498,649,1834,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Xenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gadagkari">
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<emphasis id="D6BA0556FFC2FFD3FE72A702ACDBF8AE" box="[498,649,1834,1860]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">X. gadagkari</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was conducted with several partial fragments of the mitochondrial COI gene sequences of other species obtained from NCBI.
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<taxonomicName id="23CEA2C7FFC2FFD3FCBFA766AD81F882" authorityName=", Sen and Nain" authorityYear="2024" box="[831,979,1870,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Xenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gadagkari">
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<emphasis id="D6BA0556FFC2FFD3FCBFA766AD81F882" box="[831,979,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">X. gadagkari</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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forms a clade with
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<taxonomicName id="23CEA2C7FFC2FFD3FB3AA766AB15F882" box="[1210,1351,1871,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Xenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesparum">
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<emphasis id="D6BA0556FFC2FFD3FB3AA766AB15F882" box="[1210,1351,1871,1896]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">X. vesparum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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among several other strepsipterans from different Polistine wasps (
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<figureCitation id="7CF5C5C1FFC2FFD3FCB9A75BADD5F866" box="[825,903,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="12.[152,255,875,899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,185,848]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[151,1435,181,852]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 17. A Baysian phylogenetic tree of partial mitochondrial CO1 sequences constructed using GTR+g+i model in MrBayes for different species of Xenidae family. X. gadagkari sequences generated for this study are represented in purple. Homologue from Stylops advarians (host: Andrena milawaukeensis) was used as an outgroup. Numbers above the nodes indicate clade credibility values. Names of the hosts and their family are given against the sequences. Host name was not available for X. hamiltoni in the paper associated with the accession number. However, X. hamiltoni is usually found in Polistes carnifex (Kathirithamby & Hughes, 2006)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13330536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13330536/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">Fig 17</figureCitation>
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). The clade is also supported by high posterior probabilities (100) indicating strong reliability of the clade. The
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<taxonomicName id="23CEA2C7FFC2FFD3FCF3A7BEAA54F85A" authorityName=", Sen and Nain" authorityYear="2024" box="[883,1030,1942,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Xenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gadagkari">
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<emphasis id="D6BA0556FFC2FFD3FCF3A7BEADD6F85A" box="[883,900,1943,1968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">X</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="D6BA0556FFC2FFD3FC13A7BFAA54F85A" box="[915,1030,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">gadagkari</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sequences show a synonymous site divergence of 79% (with 68% divergence across all the sites considered) from
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<taxonomicName id="23CEA2C7FFC2FFD3FB88A792AAC6F83E" box="[1032,1172,1979,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Xenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesparum">
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<emphasis id="D6BA0556FFC2FFD3FB88A792AAC6F83E" box="[1032,1172,1979,2004]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="571">X. vesparum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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