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<document id="08E4EAC6007A086E4CB1F13999B4898D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4103.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="115d177c-b34a-4062-b3d5-8f0ee0374e61" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="267788" ID-ZooBank="4511286D-451E-4C2B-9CE3-5D7621E7DEDF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460700639393" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Menezes, Isis Sá &amp; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly" docDate="2016" docId="03CD87D99E323A346DCB2DE9FDBA5081" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4103.5.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4103 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Syneches repletus Bezzi" docType="treatment" docVersion="21" lastPageNumber="428" masterDocId="FFF4FFA19E293A2F6D5C2D7EFFE8555A" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Amazonian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae)" masterLastPageNumber="442" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="428" updateTime="1698354491535" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="EC8912E4136130C1D5901E266F4239CA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="924548D1E4D27DB3A24C717EE9F8885D">
<mods:title id="5B47BB003B3EC68551713AE442FB9FEF">Revision of the Amazonian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="B3C4CB4C1DF4CD080AD845F8B1AF1F1E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="303866EC839964767F213879A3E7D061">
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<mods:namePart id="B59DC6E625A454E0C23AB6AC30B584AF">Menezes, Isis Sá</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3AA222039449FC4B104F67BEC7276993">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4146419539CE218945F3191C67160558">Ale-Rocha, Rosaly</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="97F9DB1DF5894026FB6215872AA849D3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="AA557BB76B8715856BD143A95C18D5ED">
<mods:title id="281E91C4C2E1EE53826B979CEB753DB0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6CC123763F39E9D8E614913377A85FDC">
<mods:date id="01C8B5B9D8230CB66D8964B7A7F0BC36">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="427AD49F6689F655178A8664BF1B0041" type="volume">
<mods:number id="821349DDF338E50C88E4552DE3C44C3B">4103</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E968492290C5008F687506C5990919A7" type="issue">
<mods:number id="0D79CF381FDD5DD9F84EAF036D66E8DA">5</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A5626CAE102DB87EAFEF004074F5415A">401</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="21AF32BA037F597F6C7E00496A08C5C8">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="0A169D3DE61D0DEDF189FC65A5F97CB9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4103.5.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1BD0F31D4AE46E716247C1831E684770" type="GBIF-Dataset">115d177c-b34a-4062-b3d5-8f0ee0374e61</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="846E0CE53411DCB171B8A5BB38E4B4C7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1879B5A2406D22820009CC3552C4EE3E" type="Zenodo-Dep">267788</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03CD87D99E323A346DCB2DE9FDBA5081" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6088611" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119583314" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6088611" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD87D99E323A346DCB2DE9FDBA5081" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CD87D99E323A346DCB2DE9FDBA5081" lastPageNumber="428" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<subSubSection id="C37E65449E323A346DCB2DE9FEEF5589" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E323A346DCB2DE9FE5155E8" blockId="27.[151,441,151,211]" box="[151,441,151,178]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<heading id="D09381A39E323A346DCB2DE9FE5155E8" bold="true" box="[151,441,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A346DCB2DE9FE5155E8" ID-CoL="7B967" authority="Bezzi" authorityName="Bezzi" box="[151,441,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repletus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346DCB2DE9FE5155E8" bold="true" box="[151,441,151,178]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346DCB2DE9FE8655EB" bold="true" box="[151,366,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Syneches repletus</emphasis>
Bezzi
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E323A346DCB2DC4FEEF5589" blockId="27.[151,441,151,211]" box="[151,263,186,211]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
(
<figureCitation id="135F2A4A9E323A346DC32DC4FF175589" box="[159,255,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 122" captionStartId="39.[151,250,895,917]" captionTargetBox="[357,1232,209,782]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[340,1247,193,873]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 122. Geographical distribution of S. pyramidatus, S. rafaeli, S. repletus, S. stigmaticalis and S. striatus in Amazon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267810/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Fig. 122</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E65449E323A346DCB2C7CFCE8540F" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E323A346DCB2C7CFBFD546D" blockId="27.[151,1435,258,342]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7411E19E323A346DCB2C7CFBFD546D" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A346DCB2C7CFDE25442" ID-CoL="7B967" authority="Bezzi, 1909: 317" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityPageNumber="317" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,522,258,280]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repletus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346DCB2C7CFEA55442" box="[151,333,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Syneches repletus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E323A346C0A2C7CFDE25442" author="Bezzi" box="[342,522,258,280]" page="317" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E323A346C0A2C7CFE3C5442" author="Bezzi" box="[342,468,258,280]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" refString="Bezzi, M. (1909) Beitraege zur Kenntniss der sudamerikanischen Dipterenfauna aug Grund der Sammelergebnisse einer Reise in Chile, Peru und Bolivia, ausgefuhrt in den Jahren 1902 - 1904 von W. Schnuse. Fam. Empididae. Nova Acta Leopolino- Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum, 91, 297 - 406." type="journal article" year="1909">Bezzi, 1909</bibRefCitation>
: 317
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E323A346F4A2C7CFD285442" author="Collin" box="[534,704,258,280]" page="28" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" year="1933">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E323A346F4A2C7CFD735442" author="Collin" box="[534,667,258,280]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" refString="Collin, J. E. (1933) Part IV. Empididae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. London, British Museum (Natural History), Volume 4, 334 pp." type="book" year="1933">Collin, 1933</bibRefCitation>
: 28
</treatmentCitation>
(citation);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E323A346E6A2C7CFC355442" author="Smith" box="[822,989,258,280]" page="10" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E323A346E6A2C7CFC505442" author="Smith" box="[822,952,258,280]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1967) Fascicle 39. Family Empididae (Empidae, Hybotidae). In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of Americas South of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria de Agricultura, Sao Paulo, 67 pp." type="book" year="1967">Smith, 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 10
</treatmentCitation>
(catalog);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E323A34690C2C7CFA735442" author="Rafael" box="[1104,1435,258,280]" page="540" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E323A34690C2C7CFA815442" author="Rafael" box="[1104,1385,258,280]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" refString="Rafael, J. A. &amp; Ale-Rocha, R. (1995) Revisao das especies neotropicais de Empididae (Diptera) descritas por Mario Bezzi. I. Hybotinae. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 39 (3), 517 - 546." type="journal article" year="1995">Rafael &amp; Ale-Rocha, 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 540
</treatmentCitation>
(review); Yang
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346C382C5CFE79546D" box="[356,401,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">et al</emphasis>
., 2007: 309 (catalog);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E323A346F2B2C5FFC5E546D" author="Ale-Rocha" box="[631,950,289,311]" page="120" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E323A346F2B2C5FFC6E546D" author="Ale-Rocha" box="[631,902,289,311]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" refString="Ale-Rocha, R. &amp; Vieira, R. M. (2008) Hybotinae (Diptera, Hybotidae) do Parque Nacional do Jau, Amazonas, Brasil, com descricao de cinco especies novas de Syneches Walker. Acta Amazonica, 38 (1), 113 - 126. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0044 - 59672008000100013" type="journal article" year="2008">Ale-Rocha &amp; Vieira, 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 120
</treatmentCitation>
(record).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E323A346DCB2C3EFCE8540F" blockId="27.[151,1435,258,342]" box="[151,768,320,342]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7411E19E323A346DCB2C3EFCE8540F" box="[151,768,320,342]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A346DCB2C3EFD71540C" authority="Ale-Rocha &amp; Vieira, 2008: 115" authorityName="Ale-Rocha &amp; Vieira" authorityPageNumber="115" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,665,320,342]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyspidus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346DCB2C3EFEBB540C" box="[151,339,320,342]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Syneches hyspidus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E323A346C052C3EFD71540C" author="Ale-Rocha" box="[345,665,320,342]" page="115" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E323A346C052C3EFD8F540C" author="Ale-Rocha" box="[345,615,320,342]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" refString="Ale-Rocha, R. &amp; Vieira, R. M. (2008) Hybotinae (Diptera, Hybotidae) do Parque Nacional do Jau, Amazonas, Brasil, com descricao de cinco especies novas de Syneches Walker. Acta Amazonica, 38 (1), 113 - 126. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0044 - 59672008000100013" type="journal article" year="2008">Ale-Rocha &amp; Vieira, 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 115
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346FFF2C3EFCE8540F" bold="true" box="[675,768,320,341]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E65449E323A346DCB2CFCFC0157BF" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E323A346DCB2CFCFE52572C" blockId="27.[151,1437,386,1500]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346DCB2CFCFEE254C1" bold="true" box="[151,266,386,411]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Medium size (about
<quantity id="4C9C9B2A9E323A346F5E2CFCFDB154C0" box="[514,601,386,411]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
length) and dark brown. Ocellar triangle flat; antenna black. Scutum high and rounded, dark brown to black, with grey pruinescence on sides and prescutellar disc; prosternum narrow; scutellum brown with grey pruinescence and five pairs of marginal setae. Abdomen brown with long and waved setae. Legs yellow, except coxa, trochanter, distal 1/2 of femur and hind tibia brown; fore femur and tibia and hind tarsomere 1 swollen; mid tibia with 1 AD subbasal, 1 P and 1 very long V apical seta. Wing hyaline, pterostigma brown, large, filling out the apex of cell r1. Phallus long, same length as postgonite, slender at the distal half with two lateral protuberances.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E323A346D9B2FFFFC0157BF" blockId="27.[151,1437,386,1500]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346D9B2FFFFEA857C0" bold="true" box="[199,320,641,666]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Variations</emphasis>
. The yellow portion of hind femur varies from 1/2 to 1/3 or less; rounded pterostigma not completely filling the apex of cell r1; phallus longer than usual, longer than the postgonite, with elongation after the second pair of lateral protuberances, reaching the apex of epandrial lamella.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E65449E323A346D9B2F8EFB1F5187" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E323A346D9B2F8EFB9B560A" blockId="27.[151,1437,386,1500]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346D9B2F8EFE1E5653" bold="true" box="[199,502,752,777]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<typeStatus id="54DF886D9E323A346D9B2F8EFEEA5653" box="[199,258,752,777]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Type</typeStatus>
material examined
</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A346F502F8EFD365652" box="[524,734,752,776]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346F502F8EFD365652" box="[524,734,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Syneches hispidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<typeStatus id="54DF886D9E323A346FA82F8EFC7A5653" box="[756,914,752,777]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346FA82F8EFC7A5653" bold="true" box="[756,914,752,777]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">HOLOTYPE</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
♂,
<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E323A346E902F8EFBDA5652" box="[972,1074,752,776]" name="Brazil" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">BRASIL</collectingCountry>
,
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A3469192F8EFB50565D" box="[1093,1208,752,775]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Amazonas</emphasis>
, Manaus, P[arque] N[acional] do Jaú, Rio Unini, Democracia, 01°43′54″
<geoCoordinate id="EE5050089E323A346FA22E6AFCB55677" box="[766,861,788,813]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" precision="925" value="-61.9">S-61°54′</geoCoordinate>
32″W,
<date id="FFDA100F9E323A346EEE2E6AFBBE5677" box="[946,1110,788,813]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" value="1996-06-20" valueMax="1996-06-24" valueMin="1996-06-20">20–24.vi.1996</date>
, A.L. Henriques, J. Vidal &amp; F.L. Oliveira, Varredura, Holótipo
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A346F472E46FC39560B" authority="Ale-Rocha &amp; Vieira" authorityName="Ale-Rocha &amp; Vieira" box="[539,977,824,849]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346F472E46FD0D560A" box="[539,741,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Syneches hispidus</emphasis>
Ale-Rocha &amp; Vieira
</taxonomicName>
, male (
<collectionCode id="ED75AE0A9E323A34697D2E46FB8F560A" box="[1057,1127,824,848]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">INPA</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E323A346D9B2E22FEE656C3" blockId="27.[151,1437,386,1500]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A346D9B2E22FE34562F" authority="Bezzi" authorityName="Bezzi" box="[199,476,860,885]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repletus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346D9B2E22FE67562E" box="[199,399,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Syneches repletus</emphasis>
Bezzi
</taxonomicName>
:
<typeStatus id="54DF886D9E323A346CB42E22FD6E562F" box="[488,646,860,885]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346CB42E22FD6E562F" bold="true" box="[488,646,860,885]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">HOLOTYPE</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
♀,
<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E323A346FE82E23FD00562E" box="[692,744,861,884]" name="Peru" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Peru</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346FA62E23FCD6562E" box="[762,830,861,884]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Pasco</emphasis>
), Puerto Bermudez, Pichis,
<date id="FFDA100F9E323A3469232E22FB34562F" box="[1151,1244,860,885]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" value="1903-12">xii.1903</date>
(
<quantity id="4C9C9B2A9E323A3469B02E23FAD2562F" box="[1260,1338,861,885]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
), female (Dresden).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E323A346D9B2EDAFAE351E2" blockId="27.[151,1437,386,1500]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346D9B2EDAFDDA56E7" bold="true" box="[199,562,932,957]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Additional material examined</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E323A346F1E2EDAFD4256E7" box="[578,682,932,957]" name="Brazil" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346F1E2EDAFD4256E7" bold="true" box="[578,682,932,957]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">BRASIL</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346FE72EDBFCC656E6" box="[699,814,933,956]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Amazonas</emphasis>
, Santa Isabel do Rio Negro, Maturaca,
<date id="FFDA100F9E323A3469A02EDBFA7F56E7" box="[1276,1431,933,957]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" value="1990-10-11" valueMax="1990-10-13" valueMin="1990-10-11">11–13.x.1990</date>
, Arm[adilha] Malaise, J.A. Rafael (1 ♀,
<collectionCode id="ED75AE0A9E323A346F0E2EB6FD7E56BA" box="[594,662,968,992]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">INPA</collectionCode>
); Querari (Pelotão),
<geoCoordinate id="EE5050089E323A346E252EB6FC3F56BB" box="[889,983,968,993]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" precision="925" value="1.0833334">01°05′N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE5050089E323A346E822EB6FBAA56BB" box="[990,1090,968,993]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" precision="925" value="-69.85">69°51′W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFDA100F9E323A3469112EB6FB1256BB" box="[1101,1274,968,993]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" value="1993-04-08" valueMax="1993-05-15" valueMin="1993-04-08">8.iv.–15.v.1993</date>
, J. Vidal (
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E323A3468312EB6FA7F56BA" box="[1389,1431,968,992]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
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); Manaus, Rod[ovia] AM-010, Km 21, Reserva Ducke,
<date id="FFDA100F9E323A346E0A2E93FC4E515F" box="[854,934,1005,1029]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" value="2001-10">x.2001</date>
, J.F. Vidal, Malaise (2 ♀,
<collectionCode id="ED75AE0A9E323A3469932E93FAFB515F" box="[1231,1299,1005,1029]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">INPA</collectionCode>
); Tabatinga,
<date id="FFDA100F9E323A346DCB296EFEC45173" box="[151,300,1040,1065]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" value="1992-01-13" valueMax="1992-01-17" valueMin="1992-01-13">13–17.i.1992</date>
, Socorro &amp; Vidal, Varredura (
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E323A346FD9296EFD465172" box="[645,686,1040,1064]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="ED75AE0A9E323A346FE1296EFCE95172" box="[701,769,1040,1064]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">INPA</collectionCode>
); idem,
<date id="FFDA100F9E323A346E00296EFBEC5173" box="[860,1028,1040,1065]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" value="1991-07-11" valueMax="1991-07-14" valueMin="1991-07-11">11–14.vii.1991</date>
(1 ♀,
<collectionCode id="ED75AE0A9E323A346913296EFB7B5172" box="[1103,1171,1040,1064]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">INPA</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A3469FB296FFB375172" box="[1191,1247,1041,1064]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Para</emphasis>
, Rio Trombetas, Cruz Alta,
<date id="FFDA100F9E323A346C7E294AFE265117" box="[290,462,1076,1101]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" value="1992-07-23" valueMax="1992-07-25" valueMin="1992-07-23">23–25.vii.1992</date>
, varredura, J. Vidal (1 ♀,
<collectionCode id="ED75AE0A9E323A346E42294BFC8A5117" box="[798,866,1077,1101]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">INPA</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346E20294BFC585116" box="[892,944,1077,1100]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Acre</emphasis>
, Cruzeiro do Sul, Rio Moa, 07°37′02″
<geoCoordinate id="EE5050089E323A3468D2294AFF08512B" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" precision="925" value="-72.76667">S 72°46′</geoCoordinate>
15″W,
<date id="FFDA100F9E323A346C732926FE3B512B" box="[303,467,1112,1137]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" value="1996-11-19" valueMax="1996-11-28" valueMin="1996-11-19">19–28.xi.1996</date>
, Varredura
<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E323A346F0A2927FD7A512A" box="[598,658,1113,1136]" name="Malta" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Mata</collectingCountry>
, J.A. Rafael, J. Vidal &amp; R.L. Menezes (
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E323A3469092926FB6B512A" box="[1109,1155,1112,1136]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="ED75AE0A9E323A3469CC2926FB3C512A" box="[1168,1236,1112,1136]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">INPA</collectionCode>
).
<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E323A3469BB2926FA7D512B" box="[1255,1429,1112,1137]" name="Venezuela" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A3469BB2926FA7D512B" bold="true" box="[1255,1429,1112,1137]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">VENEZUELA</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
. T. F. Amaz., Cerro de la Neblina, Basecamp.
<quantity id="4C9C9B2A9E323A346FCD2903FD3251CE" box="[657,730,1149,1173]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" unit="m" value="140.0">140 m</quantity>
,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5050089E323A346E182902FC4051CF" box="[836,936,1148,1173]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" precision="925" value="-66.166664">66°10′W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFDA100F9E323A346EEF2902FBCF51CF" box="[947,1063,1148,1173]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" value="1985-02-19">19.ii.1985</date>
, Malaise trap in rainforest, P.J. &amp; D.P. Spangler, R.A. Faitoute, W.E. Steiner cols (
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E323A346FE929DEFD0851E2" box="[693,736,1184,1208]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="ED75AE0A9E323A346FB029DEFCAA51E2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[748,834,1184,1208]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">USNM</collectionCode>
); idem
<date id="FFDA100F9E323A346EC829DEFBC751E3" box="[916,1071,1184,1209]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" value="1985-02-10" valueMax="1985-02-20" valueMin="1985-02-10">10–20.ii.1985</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E323A34691C29DEFB8651E2" box="[1088,1134,1184,1208]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
,1 ♀,
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).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E323A346D9B29BAFB1F5187" blockId="27.[151,1437,386,1500]" box="[199,1271,1220,1245]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346D9B29BAFE155187" bold="true" box="[199,509,1220,1245]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E323A346F5729BAFDA75187" box="[523,591,1220,1245]" name="Brazil" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(Amazonas, Pará*, Acre*),
<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E323A346ED129BBFC295186" box="[909,961,1221,1244]" name="Peru" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Peru</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E323A346EAB29BAFB865187" box="[1015,1134,1220,1245]" name="Venezuela" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
* (
<figureCitation id="135F2A4A9E323A3469D429BAFB025187" box="[1160,1258,1220,1245]" captionStart="FIGURE 122" captionStartId="39.[151,250,895,917]" captionTargetBox="[357,1232,209,782]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[340,1247,193,873]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 122. Geographical distribution of S. pyramidatus, S. rafaeli, S. repletus, S. stigmaticalis and S. striatus in Amazon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267810/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Fig. 122</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E65449E323A346D9B2996FDBA5081" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E323A346D9B2996FC525072" blockId="27.[151,1437,386,1500]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346D9B2996FEA0505B" bold="true" box="[199,328,1256,1281]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Comments</emphasis>
. Species similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A346F7E2996FD7C505A" box="[546,660,1256,1280]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manaos">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346F7E2996FD7C505A" box="[546,660,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">S. manaos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as mentioned before, but differs from it by the vein R2+3 slightly bent to Costa, hind femur completely brown and features of male terminalia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E323A346D9B284DFDBA5081" blockId="27.[151,1437,386,1500]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
Until now the male of
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A346C92284DFDAD5011" box="[462,581,1331,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repletus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346C92284DFDAD5011" box="[462,581,1331,1355]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">S. repletus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was unknown.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E323A346FA0284DFBDD5011" author="Ale-Rocha" box="[764,1077,1331,1356]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" refString="Ale-Rocha, R. &amp; Vieira, R. M. (2008) Hybotinae (Diptera, Hybotidae) do Parque Nacional do Jau, Amazonas, Brasil, com descricao de cinco especies novas de Syneches Walker. Acta Amazonica, 38 (1), 113 - 126. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0044 - 59672008000100013" type="journal article" year="2008">Ale-Rocha &amp; Vieira (2008)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A3469EE284DFAC55011" box="[1202,1325,1331,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A3469EE284DFAC55011" box="[1202,1325,1331,1355]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">S. hispidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on males and females. The examination of female specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A346E182829FC515035" box="[836,953,1367,1391]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repletus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346E182829FC515035" box="[836,953,1367,1391]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">S. repletus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and female specimens of the
<typeStatus id="54DF886D9E323A34685A2826FADE502A" box="[1286,1334,1368,1392]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">type</typeStatus>
series of
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A346DCB2805FEF950C9" box="[151,273,1403,1427]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346DCB2805FEF950C9" box="[151,273,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">S. hispidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
revealed that they were very similar, lacking significant characters to distinguish them. Therefore, the synonymy is being established, and consequently the male of
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A346E2B28E1FC1950ED" box="[887,1009,1439,1463]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repletus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A346E2B28E1FC1950ED" box="[887,1009,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">S. repletus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered as described under
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E323A3468DB28E1FF1C5081" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E323A3468DB28E1FF1C5081" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">S. hispidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E323A346C4428BDFDA65081" author="Ale-Rocha" box="[280,590,1475,1500]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" refString="Ale-Rocha, R. &amp; Vieira, R. M. (2008) Hybotinae (Diptera, Hybotidae) do Parque Nacional do Jau, Amazonas, Brasil, com descricao de cinco especies novas de Syneches Walker. Acta Amazonica, 38 (1), 113 - 126. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0044 - 59672008000100013" type="journal article" year="2008">Ale-Rocha &amp; Vieira (2008)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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