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121 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e101372" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-73-717" ID-Pensoft-UUID="318B657A15AB5708B3C35FC1A82B4945" ID-ZooBank="8F3D5EDA2F184E5CA53E2F7741FF1339" ModsDocID="2625-8498-73-717" checkinTime="1695893367890" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Szyndlar, Zbigniew & Georgalis, Georgios L." docDate="2023" docId="92B37668242E979CEBF06B1F101C59AA" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 73: 717-886" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 73" docPubDate="2023-09-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e101372" docTitle="Eunectes Wagler 1830" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="318B657A15AB5708B3C35FC1A82B4945" lastPageNumber="717" masterDocId="318B657A15AB5708B3C35FC1A82B4945" masterDocTitle="An illustrated atlas of the vertebral morphology of extant non-caenophidian snakes, with special emphasis on the cloacal and caudal portions of the column" masterLastPageNumber="886" masterPageNumber="717" pageNumber="717" updateTime="1695893367890" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="AC40E06673943D4902671FD2C06559C0">An illustrated atlas of the vertebral morphology of extant non-caenophidian snakes, with special emphasis on the cloacal and caudal portions of the column</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DF60D98979CD08083138F8B76A62E08F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9D85D473D6D2A53883D658FD38E4A16A">Szyndlar, Zbigniew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="41F5BFBBA996622EF1E1F1BC59FFD1C1">Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Slawkowska 17, 31 - 016 Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D96A8AF8E26285BCE51BFE37D85EECE4">Georgalis, Georgios L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="66EFF00C6B225E7C20E36EEADCC1BFC5">Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Slawkowska 17, 31 - 016 Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="25F8FDFF2F2F9D1CD4561762CFFDBBBA" type="email">dimetrodon82@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="275753C222FA2D25BFA12267AB0A58B4">Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F1634041BF5D0B226AC1105C265F39D7">
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<mods:date id="1632D935C68BC6D7A826580B4DB62F1D">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8E0A9BBA885FB4ED550051B2E66E356B">2023-09-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0CE6195B8D6427971B23923B709B5D95">73</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="93716E3C2DD88C30020139506EC38AD1" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C424678245CE359AB7F9A801D91C3D1F" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
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<taxonomicName id="911EE4B3F74F035313296B4471AB063C" authority="Pyron, Reynolds & Burbrink, 2014" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" family="Candoiidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="family">Candoiidae Pyron, Reynolds & Burbrink, 2014</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="B042CA4E814C5F6ED25ADE3745A12CC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" type="general information">
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<paragraph id="BC7B79C03C160C6F7116FAD3DB3CE1E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">General information.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="39090258D30A1C0D6534EF0C0174C6B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
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This group of island boas comprises a single genus,
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<taxonomicName id="937A5CF64EE28CF691D8EF4A7BF75A2B" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1842" class="Squamata" family="Erycidae" genus="Candoia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Candoia" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AD1B59D263C95A6B9540E4D4E142745D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Candoia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, with five known species, distributed across several islands of the Pacific Ocean (
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<bibRefCitation id="23EDB4E7BB247820422E939126E0D73A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.5" author="Pyron, RA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="249 - 260" refId="B470" refString="Pyron, RA, Reynolds, GA, Burbrink, FT, 2014. A taxonomic revision of boas (Serpentes: Boidae). Zootaxa 3846: 249 - 260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.5" title="A taxonomic revision of boas (Serpentes: Boidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.5" volume="3846" year="2014">Pyron et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
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). No fossil record is as yet known; only a few archaeozoological remains from New Caledonia exist (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBC00E2DAA94254502FDCAF4EE297C9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2984/69.4.8" author="Daza, JD" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="531 - 557" refId="B146" refString="Daza, JD, Bauer, AM, Sand, C, Lilley, I, Wake, TA, Valentin, F, 2021. Reptile remains from Tiga (Tokanod), Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia. Pacific Science 69: 531 - 557, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2984/69.4.8" title="Reptile remains from Tiga (Tokanod), Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia." url="https://doi.org/10.2984/69.4.8" volume="69" year="2021">Daza et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="357CAC9BBD71B25BA95A4101176560CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
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Vertebral morphology of
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<taxonomicName id="D17EBDD9ECC6ADB697B0CEFF7B1BCD7C" class="Reptilia" family="Candoiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Candoiidae</taxonomicName>
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is generally similar to that of other booids, but they can be readily differentiated from other booids by the continuous presence of hypapophyses throughout the trunk (for more details, see Description and figures of
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<taxonomicName id="639DEA64139FCF87F336DC39B7D8E99E" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1842" class="Squamata" family="Erycidae" genus="Candoia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Candoia" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A39DCE2E81DDF5110D4194234548CC39" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Candoia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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below).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="74271CAB7D7A04FFCFE15FE0381234E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
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Previous figures of vertebrae of extant
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<taxonomicName id="335707E664049CA35B618161E7201B0E" class="Reptilia" family="Candoiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Candoiidae</taxonomicName>
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have been so far presented only by
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<bibRefCitation id="87999A8AF1E4AE140359C7D5A33D5FB4" author="Gasc, JP" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Serie A)" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 182" refId="B190" refString="Gasc, JP, 1974. L'interpretation fonctionelle de l'appareil musculo-squelettique de l'axe vertebral chez les Serpents (Reptilia). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Serie A) 83: 1 - 182" title="L'interpretation fonctionelle de l'appareil musculo-squelettique de l'axe vertebral chez les Serpents (Reptilia)." volume="83" year="1974">Gasc (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="54053751674ED57A7BA3E75FE0DEC536" author="Underwood, G" editor="Bellairs, Ad'A" journalOrPublisher="Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="151 - 175" refId="B635" refString="Underwood, G, 1976. A systematic analysis of boid snakes. In: Bellairs, Ad'A, Cox, CB, Eds., Morphology and Biology of Reptiles, Linnean Society Symposium Series 3. Academic Press, London: 151 - 175" title="A systematic analysis of boid snakes." volumeTitle="Morphology and Biology of Reptiles, Linnean Society Symposium Series 3." year="1976">Underwood (1976)</bibRefCitation>
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, and
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<bibRefCitation id="77806F5E0F3ABC0E155B3B00BD494556" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33244-6" author="Frydlova, P" journalOrPublisher="Bionomina" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B180" refString="Frydlova, P, Janovska, V, Mrzilkova, J, Halaskova, M, Riegerova, M, Dudak, J, Tymlova, V, Zemlicka, J, Zach, P, Frynta, D, 2023. The first description of dermal armour in snakes. Scientific Reports 13: 6405. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33244-6" title="The first description of dermal armour in snakes. Scientific Reports 13: 6405." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33244-6" year="2023">
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<normalizedToken id="9B8AEB1DF5C33F06EEA10E5D1AB99B56" originalValue="Frýdlová">Frydlova</normalizedToken>
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et al. (2023)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. Among these, vertebrae from the cloacal and/or caudal series of candoiids have never been figured so far, with the exception of a single
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<normalizedToken id="78D09E9641B7B81DA6A1C9981BC9F3E5" originalValue="μCT">μCT</normalizedToken>
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image of an articulated skeleton in
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<bibRefCitation id="20FEB9A9FBF7ECE1AF83CF2E101454EF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33244-6" author="Frydlova, P" journalOrPublisher="Bionomina" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B180" refString="Frydlova, P, Janovska, V, Mrzilkova, J, Halaskova, M, Riegerova, M, Dudak, J, Tymlova, V, Zemlicka, J, Zach, P, Frynta, D, 2023. The first description of dermal armour in snakes. Scientific Reports 13: 6405. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33244-6" title="The first description of dermal armour in snakes. Scientific Reports 13: 6405." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33244-6" year="2023">
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<normalizedToken id="62F8D90A993C95A5B5F40290887902FC" originalValue="Frýdlová">Frydlova</normalizedToken>
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et al. (2023)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. Besides this previous figuring, several authors observed the presence of hypapophyses throughout the trunk portion of the column in
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<taxonomicName id="4C13230002138C5D47899DA2F560ED0E" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1842" class="Squamata" family="Erycidae" genus="Candoia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Candoia" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A747785C1E1A26285661B7A82A36B5E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Candoia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="1575F9E8393C552995C773696A75F243" author="Hoffstetter, R" editor="Gans, C" journalOrPublisher="Academic Press, London and New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="201 - 310" refId="B272" refString="Hoffstetter, R, Gasc, J, 1969. Vertebrae and ribs of modern reptiles. In: Gans, C, Bellairs, Ad'A, Parsons, TS, Eds., Biology of the Reptilia. Volume 1. Morphology. Academic Press, London and New York 1: 201 - 310" title="Vertebrae and ribs of modern reptiles." volume="1" volumeTitle="Biology of the Reptilia. Volume 1. Morphology." year="1969">Hoffstetter and Gasc 1969</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="2AD83176EDDFD32469B15B689701EFE4" author="Malnate, EV" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Mededelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="225 - 239" refId="B365" refString="Malnate, EV, 1972. Observations on the vertebral hypapophyses and associated musculature in some snakes, with special reference to the Colubridae. Zoologische Mededelingen 47: 225 - 239" title="Observations on the vertebral hypapophyses and associated musculature in some snakes, with special reference to the Colubridae." volume="47" year="1972">Malnate 1972</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="3562C6EF02A6B4BD9919ADF34BCE129B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/1562691" author="McDowell, SB" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Herpetology" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 79" refId="B379" refString="McDowell, SB, 1975. A catalogue of the snakes of New Guinea and the Solomons, with special reference to those in the Bernice P. Bishop Museum. Part II. Anilioidea and Pythoninae. Journal of Herpetology 9: 1 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1562691" title="A catalogue of the snakes of New Guinea and the Solomons, with special reference to those in the Bernice P. Bishop Museum. Part II. Anilioidea and Pythoninae." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/1562691" volume="9" year="1975">McDowell 1975</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="7125DB9572D12782FEEF9B78F6D91599" author="Rage, J-C" editor="Wellnhofer, P" journalOrPublisher="Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 80" refId="B477" refString="Rage, J-C, 1984. Serpentes. In: Wellnhofer, P, Ed., Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology, Part 11. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, New York: 1 - 80" title="Serpentes." volumeTitle="Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology, Part 11." year="1984">Rage 1984</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EB8EB553878D2A8F3E601DDE6182DAD4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/240/1996/145" author="Szyndlar, Z" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontographica A" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="145 - 161" refId="B613" refString="Szyndlar, Z, Boehme, W, 1996. Redescription of Tropidonotus atavus von Meyer, 1855 from the upper Oligocene of Rott (Germany) and its allocation to Rottophis gen. nov. (Serpentes, Boidae). Palaeontographica A 240: 145 - 161, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/240/1996/145" title="Redescription of Tropidonotus atavus von Meyer, 1855 from the upper Oligocene of Rott (Germany) and its allocation to Rottophis gen. nov. (Serpentes, Boidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/240/1996/145" volume="240" year="1996">
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Szyndlar and
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<normalizedToken id="C63F5CD2C1A010FE50A80E5DF9C16980" originalValue="Böhme">Boehme</normalizedToken>
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1996
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="585E239B7D8F74BBBCC8BC0DAE613BC5" author="Szyndlar, Z" journalOrPublisher="Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B614" refString="Szyndlar, Z, Rage, J-C, 2003. Non-erycine Booidea from the Oligocene and Miocene of Europe. Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow" title="Non-erycine Booidea from the Oligocene and Miocene of Europe." year="2003">Szyndlar and Rage 2003</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |