treatments-xml/data/45/75/35/4575350BE16A66B9F4405625B86654DF.xml

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<mods:title id="0AF5B1F361A12D7A84F8436916EC58D1">Revision of the western Palaearctic species of Aleiodes Wesmael (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae). Part 1: Introduction, key to species groups, outlying distinctive species, and revisionary notes on some further species</mods:title>
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<treatment id="4575350BE16A66B9F4405625B86654DF" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127902476" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4575350BE16A66B9F4405625B86654DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4575350BE16A66B9F4405625B86654DF" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<subSubSection id="65C65A5E13BF5E1D9E09B2CE7A0E5691" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D2B1886B3DB6612633B02C7C6A42F085" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName id="70C0487B0D7A0F1CD430AD63B1A0A002" ID-CoL="BMC3" authority="Hartig, 1838" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1838" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">Aleiodes esenbeckii (Hartig, 1838)</taxonomicName>
Figs 165-166, 167-177, 178-179, 180-189
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2689854716FC261D2CB5833F58653AEF" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="14B94219B0CB7DC9CAA73E4EF09BD10E" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="A0EC0B783F14D29C7DAFFA1EC735A1E7" authority="Hartig, 1838: 255" authorityName="Hartig" authorityPageNumber="255" authorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rogas esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">
<pageBreakToken id="C02255BA9A4180727A31F2F1B88628E4" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" start="start">Rogas</pageBreakToken>
esenbeckii Hartig, 1838: 255
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="FE94A892C7607AAA1C8A08D1E33726D1" author="Tobias, VI" editor="Medvedev, GS" journalOrPublisher="Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" pagination="1 - 501" title="Rogadinae: 72 - 85." volume="145" volumeTitle="Opredelitel Nasekomych Evrospeiskoi Tsasti SSSR 3, Peredpontdatokrylye 4." year="1986">Tobias 1986</bibRefCitation>
: 81 (transl.: 135) (examined).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A7F78EDB8F02915E949DA52D845194A4" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="B4950F8864D7A33529F6D222B9752AB4" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogas" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogas esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">Rhogas esenbeckii</taxonomicName>
; Kokujev (in Serebryanikova), 1901: 100.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA7E76A75AD014D36FAF5F1FA46EF681" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="1651970A54F85DDBC996D9E42A0F917C" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbecki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbecki">Aleiodes esenbecki</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="E2C1BA7D6B0D98CC468E205227C3BB63" author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Magyarorszag Allatvilaga [Fauna Hungariae]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 122" title="Parasitic wasps of the superfamily Ichneumonoidea. Braconidae. 18. Doryctinae. 19. Rogadinae." volume="167" year="1991">Papp 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 93 (as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="1A30E367E06D5A6515C5E9A048EF5FB3" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes procerus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procerus">Aleiodes procerus</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0CAF54B25F39D1C1DA6CE9E8873AF82C" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="52290ED9450764E43324567B662F76A6" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">Aleiodes esenbeckii</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="5F0AEB2BC2ABA25AD595741E325C2BF8" author="Belokobylskij, SA" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Entomologie" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="341 - 435" title="Checklist of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera) of Germany." volume="53" year="2003">Belokobylskij et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 398.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1B447869792FF111A0181BE6C738A93" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="2ADB51C80599BC7041771927937FB697" authority="Szepligeti, 1906: 616" authorityName="Szepligeti" authorityPageNumber="616" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogas" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogas corsicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corsicus">
Rhogas corsicus 
<normalizedToken id="1E8209F9C5DE2009A49C7F9EC2100B71" originalValue="Szépligeti">Szepligeti</normalizedToken>
, 1906: 616
</taxonomicName>
(examined).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00A8B55D305CD08DF6D94D5900F617D9" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="09F362463E23FC7D84E0B6E54FFE8F97" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes corsicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corsicus">Aleiodes corsicus</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="5BBD3C6DBE9E38BEEB51E4E47CA530A0" author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Magyarorszag Allatvilaga [Fauna Hungariae]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 122" title="Parasitic wasps of the superfamily Ichneumonoidea. Braconidae. 18. Doryctinae. 19. Rogadinae." volume="167" year="1991">Papp 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 93 (as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="A7D86195E5C71528E328016AEBA5FBFB" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes procerus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procerus">Aleiodes procerus</taxonomicName>
), 
<bibRefCitation id="52D365210AB67B09B47D6DD9B65FF11D" author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="153 - 223" title="Type specimens of the braconid species by Gy. Szepligeti deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." volume="96" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
: 215 (holotype).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2C56086194A3C7EEAB45EA4582056DAA" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="8367991A28613BA42843B25695921600" authority="Kokujev" authorityName="Kokujev" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rogas gastropachae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gastropachae">Rogas gastropachae Kokujev</taxonomicName>
(in Serebryanikova), 1901: 100-101.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="334470A7653320F44FDCBCADA552365D" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="489AF916E98ECDF1B6E24D3E3B67F692" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes gastropachae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gastropachae">Aleiodes gastropachae</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="F9A9DD528A2C4DEDBF0E444E36C1116A" author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Magyarorszag Allatvilaga [Fauna Hungariae]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 122" title="Parasitic wasps of the superfamily Ichneumonoidea. Braconidae. 18. Doryctinae. 19. Rogadinae." volume="167" year="1991">Papp 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 93 (as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="EC7087DBA587BCB649E010DB4E76AB50" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes procerus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procerus">Aleiodes procerus</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C05F27BE0BA1A63D8B7CD8C00C5E7FF" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="C25DCFA839EB9E2C95DDCEA66A5BDDC9" authority="Matsumura, 1926: 41" authorityName="Matsumura" authorityPageNumber="41" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Phanomeris" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanomeris dendrolimi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dendrolimi">Phanomeris dendrolimi Matsumura, 1926: 41</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="B48A2DA7C2C1ABF024B165BF9152D563" author="Chen, XX" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen (Leiden)" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 187" title="Revision of the subfamily Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China." volume="308" year="1997">Chen and He 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 50 (as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="46027FFA60A07514962667485EF14CC3" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">Aleiodes esenbeckii</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E95F9E0D191F7E7EC9115B77541D6B3C" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="4DF5776BC0214821E0DFBBA03B8A32D6" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes dendrolimi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dendrolimi">Aleiodes dendrolimi</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="7ADDDCD0ADE9A08EC06AFEBAECDA35C4" author="Shenefelt, RD" journalOrPublisher="Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio)" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="1115 - 1262" title="Braconidae 8. Exothecinae, Rogadinae." volume="12" year="1975">Shenefelt 1975</bibRefCitation>
: 1172-1173.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA4392FE2A01D69C54DC4A1E51EECEA8" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="CF880BCA99BEA84B002BE8450A70DB06" authority="Matsumura, 1926: 32" authorityName="Matsumura" authorityPageNumber="32" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Phanomeris" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanomeris dendrolimusi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dendrolimusi">Phanomeris dendrolimusi Matsumura, 1926: 32</taxonomicName>
(invalid emendation).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A9552DA4F03B0756C139877143C7D32" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="9120990CC214EB6A33C423DDD63A0E5D" authority="Matsumura, 1926: 33" authorityName="Matsumura" authorityPageNumber="33" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Phanomeris" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanomeris spectabilis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spectabilis">Phanomeris spectabilis Matsumura, 1926: 33</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="8AD3E9A6043519BED909D863C1A45996" author="Chen, XX" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen (Leiden)" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 187" title="Revision of the subfamily Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China." volume="308" year="1997">Chen and He 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 50 (as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="7AC2372A5EA93BEDD24E0F97C7798488" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">Aleiodes esenbeckii</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B16D84C5652E96EB8D0DF7E290A41160" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="05F077B5E0C7D7B8364D7820ECA12A2E" authority="Rohwer, 1934: 47" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogas" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogas metanastriae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metanastriae">Rhogas metanastriae Rohwer, 1934: 47</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3D95D499364CB911FE7AF17C194EF8C8" author="Chen, XX" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen (Leiden)" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 187" title="Revision of the subfamily Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China." volume="308" year="1997">Chen and He 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 50 (as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="19610CD810BE082459E884A4FE2431B1" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">Aleiodes esenbeckii</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2583D4C386F52A28AEF95C7CFF805EEE" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="type material">
<paragraph id="0E0FBD09655E5D1A5ED7839BBFDAEB6F" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1442B665E2CFA42E24F572183A73358B" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="7E5D8508CEC91123A6EC0724C4D5FBC9" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rogas esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">Rogas esenbeckii</taxonomicName>
, ♂ (ZSSM), &quot;715, [Germany, Charlottenburg]&quot;, &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="CFCADD80C255C6361D83C0103048CFA2" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ichneumonoidea esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">esenbeckii</taxonomicName>
n.&quot;, together with mummy of 
<taxonomicName id="FA21BE4EE92C26F9F1CC15406C90840D" class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Dendrolimus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrolimus pini" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pini">Dendrolimus pini</taxonomicName>
(L.); holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="16A873B89DCA00F858A3AB77EBE5E070" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogas" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogas corsicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corsicus">Rhogas corsicus</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (MTMA), &quot;[France, Corsica,] Ajaccio&quot;, &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="B59D5A461B77D2B80B595BC9565533C8" authority="Reinh." authorityName="Reinh." class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ichneumonoidea praetor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praetor">praetor Reinh.</taxonomicName>
? (Corsica)&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EAD478C7B92B604DF2394592E89BD592" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8410311465203A342E9A9814E764D58A" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Additional material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8DA2F05980706A34AB3381D8B5815B6A" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="C5553A91EB2335E7213470E080B1D11A" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="esenbeckii" genus="Rogas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="esenbeckii">f. esenbeckii</taxonomicName>
: Austria, *Croatia, Czech Republic, France (*mainland and Corsica) *Netherlands (Muiderberg), Germany, Spain (*Mallorca); 
<taxonomicName id="335ECB98CD46A2B072D3C168E72CDF4E" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="dendrolimi" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="dendrolimi" subSpecies="dendrolimi">f. dendrolimi</taxonomicName>
: China, *Finland, Russia, Switzerland. Specimens in NMS, ZSSM, RMNH, BZL, MTMA, BMNH, SDEI, ZISP
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7A96BDC880D418297014C1773457B533" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="molecular data">
<paragraph id="EE42246756153009F0D0B89E77E8DCDD" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Molecular data.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6654A40B4735982E86195DD587E2E591" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">MRS180 (Finland EU979581,CO1 + EU854329, short 28S), MRS500 (Mallorca JF962845/KU682240, CO1).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="69AFCC6318B32ECF7FA143EF3BADDD4D" lastPageId="71" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="E9119B9F5D43A1C698218D675D6EE0CF" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="11641B2FEDEFE4BA06C7C20FF16727C7" lastPageId="71" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Apart from the examined holotype (see above) all the reared specimens we have seen (of 
<taxonomicName id="B90A05CCFB38C1B714B600DF162704CA" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="dendrolimi" genus="Dendrolimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="superans" subSpecies="sibericus">form dendrolimi</taxonomicName>
) were from Siberian populations of 
<taxonomicName id="3F358BAB489012D4A344E459FD6482BC" authority="(Rozhkov)" baseAuthorityName="Rozhkov" class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Dendrolimus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrolimus superans" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="superans" subSpecies="sibericus">Dendrolimus superans sibericus (Rozhkov)</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="778D5FEBF20B3E4C496EE12D0DE6CDBD" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ichneumonoidea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="6CF661D1F91728CC3BBF1F7C9183807D" class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lasiocampidae</taxonomicName>
) (7). 
<taxonomicName id="2266338F29CF1F5A1C743480A6FC99E9" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">Aleiodes esenbeckii</taxonomicName>
is a well-known parasitoid of 
<taxonomicName id="E27ACBB7B202C28632019DBB6EC088BB" class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Dendrolimus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrolimus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dendrolimus</taxonomicName>
species. In the central part of its range the host species 
<taxonomicName id="64EB3D9B333F1A9A96E4466C672516B6" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Dendrolimus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrolimus pini" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pini">Dendrolimus pini (Linnaeus)</taxonomicName>
is normally univoltine, but in southern European (Mediterranean) popula 
<pageBreakToken id="1F829F141EF4BD42802429CDBF51517B" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" start="start">tions</pageBreakToken>
it is at least bivoltine (Vadim V. Zolotuhin, pers. comm.), while in northern Siberia the host 
<taxonomicName id="5906ACB94CFEA82EC30273526B8039DD" authority="Tchetverikov" authorityName="Tchetverikov" class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Dendrolimus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrolimus superans" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="superans" subSpecies="sibericus">Dendrolimus superans sibericus Tchetverikov</taxonomicName>
usually has a 2-year life cycle. The parasitoid overwinters inside the diapausing host larva, and adapts its seasonality according 
<pageBreakToken id="B279DF877760F7A2C68609AE531BD514" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
that of the host: 
<bibRefCitation id="BA943D5CCF33DF250AF512104F7D8139" author="Boldaruev, VO" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Review, Washington" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="716 - 719" title="Rhogasdendrolimi Mats. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) an efficient parasite of Dendrolimussibericus Tshetv. (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae)." volume="37" year="1958">Boldaruev (1958)</bibRefCitation>
reports that in Siberia 
<taxonomicName id="E124A8ECF9454F63A2DEF5F41C4B6A3C" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes dendrolimi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dendrolimi">Aleiodes dendrolimi</taxonomicName>
spends over 20 months inside its host larva, which is mummified in late May to June following the second winter of the 2-year cycle, but in captivity (and also ocassionally in the wild) the host, and similarly the parasitoid, can be induced to develop within a year or even less. He also found that the adult parasitoid is long-lived and that females develop eggs only after a prolonged period of feeding on honeydew. Specimens seen from Europe have been collected from late 
<normalizedToken id="9C093F67051B68A0EFD2C94B791644F0" originalValue="May–October">May-October</normalizedToken>
, no doubt reflecting local seasonality of the host.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2533000083FA22C3EBDBB98CE7E1F740" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BDC73CAD23623DF918E9F9DB86AEF091" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="98161BA01A88722979BA1537635E072D" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
Antennal segments of ♀ 56-62; head entirely brownish yellow apart from stemmaticum (Figs 173-175): 
<taxonomicName id="6B4F097C16B5B864C9BEFE86E519E94D" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="esenbeckii" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="varius" subSpecies="esenbeckii">f. esenbeckii</taxonomicName>
) or blackish (Figs 185-187: part of 
<taxonomicName id="A9205B7055E3B4BF10CA144A41BF83B8" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="dendrolimi" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="varius">f. dendrolimi</taxonomicName>
); scapus in lateral view ratherly oblique apically; OOL 0.3 
<normalizedToken id="021CC3D5E7A454FB90CC9B2D6FAAAE98" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
diameter of posterior ocellus; occipital carina complete ventrally (Fig. 174); length of malar space 0.25 
<normalizedToken id="A6870DCAB8B59E8441296D5FB2B8A579" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
height of eye in lateral view; vein 2-CU1 of fore wing 0.7-1.2 
<normalizedToken id="B51DF7A7ABA79E8D199A619107C1ECD2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
vein 1-CU1 (Fig. 167); vein 1-SR angled to vein 1-M and vein 1-M distinctly curved (Fig. 167); vein r of fore wing gradually merging into vein 3-SR; tarsal claws small (Fig. 170); fourth metasomal tergite superficially coriaceous; length of fore wing 6-10 mm. Often confused with 
<taxonomicName id="57F55F57C348E6845B0E7D100ABFC85A" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes varius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varius">Aleiodes varius</taxonomicName>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="3468283B189F5FEB66BEF12B7E2F0407" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes procerus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procerus">Aleiodes procerus</taxonomicName>
), but differs by the relative lengths of veins 1- and 2-CU1 and by the number of antennal segments.
</paragraph>
<caption id="642F6942564EB19ECCB69887453BD442" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<paragraph id="DBB925D58A4C636A093FA44F587AC299" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
Figures 165-166. 
<taxonomicName id="8AF06613DCF8567363207009839920F0" authority="(Hartig)" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">Aleiodes esenbeckii (Hartig)</taxonomicName>
, ♀, Spain, Mallorca. 165 habitus lateral 166 mummy of 
<taxonomicName id="BB7A33E6F690FD0750972101FE8F672D" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Dendrolimus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrolimus pini" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pini">Dendrolimus pini (Linnaeus)</taxonomicName>
of holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="F4F2D1778F49536F3E1B1AAF81C3F51B" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">Aleiodes esenbeckii</taxonomicName>
from Germany.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A6790A46707C2B970E36EDCBF4873049" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<paragraph id="517BCC4772D6E19117B05523CCB98DA4" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
Figures 167-177. 
<taxonomicName id="1D340CE315BEEA41E5466DFFE65D4FD1" authority="(Hartig)" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esenbeckii">Aleiodes esenbeckii (Hartig)</taxonomicName>
, ♀, Spain, Mallorca. 167 wings 168 mesosoma lateral 169 propodeum and metasoma dorsal 170 hind leg lateral 171 fore femur lateral 172 antenna 173 head anterior 174 head lateral 175 head dorsal 176 apical segments of antenna 177 basal segments of antenna.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A2796C2E8D558FFB483D864D34CCC932" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<paragraph id="6895E43B335CBDBC25AA67AD54348901" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
Figures 178-179. 
<taxonomicName id="6AD91A44823CEE6EBBC0861216D27353" authority="(Matsumura)" baseAuthorityName="Matsumura" basionym-authority="(Hartig)" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="dendrolimi" genus="Aleiodes" infraspecific-rank="f." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="esenbeckii">Aleiodes esenbeckii (Hartig) f. dendrolimi (Matsumura)</taxonomicName>
, ♀, Russia, Sakhalin. 178 habitus lateral 179 mummy of 
<taxonomicName id="856B2BFFF0F7379EF0BDA1E25FF6DDB6" authority="(Butler)" baseAuthorityName="Butler" class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Dendrolimus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrolimus spectabilis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spectabilis">Dendrolimus spectabilis (Butler)</taxonomicName>
from China.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="7907CBC8F88F97D090720A45A249893C" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<paragraph id="9139549C3264A59EDBDA56C350434960" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
Figures 180-189. 
<taxonomicName id="174B8A4CD39A6F152F372F50EF473AC9" authority="(Matsumura)" baseAuthorityName="Matsumura" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="dendrolimi" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="esenbeckii">Aleiodes esenbeckii (Hartig) f. dendrolimi (Matsumura)</taxonomicName>
, ♀, Russia, Sakhalin. 180 wings 181 mesosoma lateral 182 propodeum and metasoma dorsal 183 hind leg lateral 184 antenna 185 head anterior 186 head lateral 187 head dorsal 188 fore femur lateral 189 basal segments of antenna.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7F2C75CDF7D9C24C51B6AD3942DF8A2F" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="description">
<paragraph id="DB100D17E59CCD62F5234A817E859351" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F209F094FEB8FA2E50AE3DEC5FE4A71C" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Redescribed ♀ (NMS) from Mallorca (Spain), length of fore wing 7.6 mm, of body 9.5 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C6169EEC0FD4000CDB51732B1EAF3FB0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
Head. Antennal segments 59, length of antenna 1.3 
<normalizedToken id="6AC8FB9EDD5B1E19864F8E3D07D2667A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
fore wing, its subapical segments about 1.9 
<normalizedToken id="918338B9347F69923AA4B29A6FF25939" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide and scapus in lateral view rather oblique apically; frons superficially granulate, rather shiny; OOL 0.3 
<normalizedToken id="04FAF83684AF7C6DFB4B9688973D76B5" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
diameter of posterior ocellus and granulate; vertex superficially coriaceous, with satin sheen; clypeus rather high, convex dorsally and flattened ventrally, coriaceous and with long setae; ventral margin of clypeus thick and gradually depressed (Figs 173, 185); width of hypoclypeal depression 0.4 
<normalizedToken id="BC94227C377731C63713BDF3482DEDE3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
minimum width of face (Figs 173, 185) and face mainly rugose with interspaces coriaceous; length of eye 4.7 
<normalizedToken id="31BBD3006E6F678FD894FC26D2087371" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
temple in dorsal view and temple directly narrowed behind eye; occiput behind stemmaticum finely rugose and occipital carina curved and interrupted medio-dorsally and complete ventrally (Figs 174, 186); clypeus entirely above lower level of eyes (Figs 173, 185); length of malar space 0.25 
<normalizedToken id="DCAD668ED90AEB935C9ED98530724B58" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
height of eye in lateral view; eyes strongly protruding (Figs 173-175, 185-187).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC3C92720D385E21E7865419B0ADBB11" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Mesosoma. Mesoscutal lobes very finely coriaceous, with satin sheen; notauli narrow, shallow and mainly coriaceous; prepectal carina rather lamelliform medio-ventrally, almost reaching anterior border of mesopleuron and latero-ventrally curved; precoxal area of mesopleuron coriaceous, without fine rugae medially; mesopleuron above precoxal area (including shiny and granulate speculum) coriaceous, but dorsally finely rugose (cf. Fig. 181); medially metapleuron superficially granulate and shiny; mesosternal sulcus narrow and deep, without carina posteriorly; mesosternum angulate posteriorly; scutellum superficially coriaceous and carinate antero-laterally; dorsal face of propodeum rather long and coriaceous, posterior face short, hardly differentiated, with some short carinae and smooth in between, median carina complete and with weak tubercles postero-laterally.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0CB5B1CB020670C2090D7CD9D6B3390E" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
Wings. Fore wing: r 0.3 
<normalizedToken id="1FCD93ACDCFB6419808603B80BD513DC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-SR (Fig. 167); 1-CU1 horizontal, 1.1 
<normalizedToken id="FCFEAE6920B47817D8ACA8AE4CB4E316" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as 2-CU1; r-m 0.9 
<normalizedToken id="E108488594B7BCBACA6DC32FADEE48C1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-SR, and 0.45 
<normalizedToken id="647288F37ED1A3737D9464B8697CDD2F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-SR; second submarginal cell stout (Fig. 167); 
<pageBreakToken id="C09983C3712BD82EC4BEF3978FD4131B" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" start="start">1</pageBreakToken>
-SR rather angled to 1-M; cu-a somewhat reclivous and curved; 1-M slightly curved. Hind wing: marginal cell parallel-sided submedially and slightly widened apically (Fig. 167); 2-SC+R short and subquadrate; m-cu present as slightly pigmented vein; M+CU:1-M = 6:5; 1r-m 0.7 
<normalizedToken id="9A892C0354DD076139851A040235F7D4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-M.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7611373F211E51B6135E14F20BE52F07" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
Legs. Tarsal claws with fine brownish pecten basally; hind coxa finely coriaceous, with satin sheen; hind trochantellus 2.2 
<normalizedToken id="3646C6CF9CBB817507C509E99987E3F7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer ventrally than wide; length of fore and hind femora 5.7 and 4.5 
<normalizedToken id="FCBEFDC5EE003DED508EC7D95B6DDF44" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their width, respectively; inner apex of hind tibia without comb; length of inner hind spur 0.35 
<normalizedToken id="EE10BF620E77743DFA620B0B19AC2345" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
hind basitarsus; hind basitarsus wider than following segments.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C40FD0548B5D64488073A6027638AD93" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
Metasoma. First tergite 1.3 
<normalizedToken id="CDDED405625AE256D59DBB446F517ABA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide posteriorly, flattened and latero-anteriorly widely lamelliform; 
<normalizedToken id="F44653EF295AEC545D180442057D23DA" originalValue="first–second">first-second</normalizedToken>
tergites densely finely irregularly rugulose and with fine median carina; second tergite as long as wide basally and 1.4 
<normalizedToken id="905ED45F4162418F14C460D4D2650077" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as third tergite (Fig. 169); minute medio-basal area of second tergite present; second suture rather deep, widened medially and distinctly crenulate; third and following tergites superficially coriaceous and shiny; fourth tergite largely without sharp lateral crease; ovipositor sheath largely densely setose and apically truncate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6830B8568AE8156EE24BD0631A6B5F4" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Colour. Yellowish brown; antenna (except yellow scapus and pedicellus) dark brown; stemmaticum black; hypopygium, middle and hind tarsi more or less infuscate; pterostigma and veins of middle third of wings dark brown (Fig. 167); other veins brownish yellow; wing membrane subhyaline.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC1BC82213287B2D471471BC5ED25F38" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
Variation. Length of fore wing 6-10 mm, of body 7.5-11.5 mm; antennal segments of ♀ 58(1), 59(2), 60(3), (and of 
<taxonomicName id="F5B65543682F051AB15CAB56CD56A88C" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="dendrolimi" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="varius">f. dendrolimi</taxonomicName>
: 60(2), 61(2), 62(1), 63(1)), of ♂ 55(1), 56(2), 57(1), 58(2), 59(2), 61(1) (of 
<taxonomicName id="ADB6FA558E560DE6728B61BB29EE9982" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="dendrolimi" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="varius">f. dendrolimi</taxonomicName>
: 54(1), 61(1)); latero-anterior lamella of first tergite rather wide or narrow; marginal cell of hind wing parallel-sided or slightly narrowed submedially; 
<taxonomicName id="28AB4AF37E6E1A9733F25B57DC90ABB8" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="dendrolimi" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="varius">f. dendrolimi</taxonomicName>
has head partly, palpi, mesosoma ventrally and posteriorly, metasoma and legs more or less dark brown or blackish; rarely nearly entire head black.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5D773DA55581CDE8C2DE1B8B813DF364" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="notes">
<paragraph id="986FFA7527A6454746D575DF4C05E775" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3AF42E76E5C49086E161402F605DEDFF" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="E3F38A74CEB5C2E29F66D1E7EC7C110F" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="dendrolimi" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes esenbeckii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="esenbeckii">Aleiodes esenbeckii f. dendrolimi</taxonomicName>
differs morphologically only in colouration and occurs in the East Palaearctic region and in boreal Europe, perhaps reflecting a 2-year life cycle. The CO1 sequences (between Mallorcan 
<taxonomicName id="72F978ED153AD0881ED75270DB5ADB5E" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="esenbeckii" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="esenbeckii">f. esenbeckii</taxonomicName>
and Finnish 
<taxonomicName id="DC2AEF7A8DF25673250D116249FFF34E" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" form="dendrolimi" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="esenbeckii">f. dendrolimi</taxonomicName>
) are, however, divergent, differing by at least 32 base pairs in the barcode region (around 5%) (D.L.J. Quicke, pers. comm.), suggesting effective genetic isolation of at least these populations. For mediterranean specimens the name 
<taxonomicName id="D83F25AFBCA5D83161358AE39D00F13F" authority="Szepligeti, 1906" authorityName="Szepligeti" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes corsicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corsicus">
Aleiodes corsicus 
<normalizedToken id="78F6DFEA40024BF09C557C3CF3260F39" originalValue="Szépligeti">Szepligeti</normalizedToken>
, 1906
</taxonomicName>
, is available. From limited data males appear to average about 3 fewer antennal segments than females, in both forms.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>