123 lines
12 KiB
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123 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document id="95903EC2E60BA58A516F763262ADEC0D" ID-CLB-Dataset="33559" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.444.7537" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e53fb8f2-2a76-4856-b154-1faef6ee81fd" ID-PMC="PMC4205731" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-444-1" ID-PubMed="25349499" ID-ZooBank="FB83BDD3958A456DBFEA9C6C28D3E4D5" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-444-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 444" ModsDocTitle="Shallow-water zoantharians (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia) from the Central Indo-Pacific" checkinTime="1451245266514" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Reimer, James D., Poliseno, Angelo & Hoeksema, Bert W." docDate="2014" docId="B7542FB7C01EB9F00456047D23E8B7BC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 444: 1-57" docOrigin="ZooKeys 444" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.444.7537" docTitle="Sphenopus pedunculatus Hertwig 1888" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FFCCA07FFFC4625F1C6AFFB4EC3BFFB7" masterDocTitle="Shallow-water zoantharians (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia) from the Central Indo-Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="57" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1701385215740" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="879BD2B3F9970E0A244AE479F2DE70CC">
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<mods:title id="EE10B072EF18D4728D60ABC5F5939218">Shallow-water zoantharians (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia) from the Central Indo-Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6339507B771CE52497E75C72B857D8C3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C9E5AD222D215522A4274343E870D96F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="775DE55C0289CBDC21FECCE2578AA277">Reimer, James D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A18B5FFB900A4C04A613C7F461C37094">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2D98076220B089991561A4A3498943F8">Poliseno, Angelo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="1FEB640124079F34EBDDD382CA5E4882" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B52EA95561DCC26A10E18FF6922C5591">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4401519CD03A1A5875F0B42D6731A267">Hoeksema, Bert W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F32D1C519745DDC8D16FF8D4AB755565">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="83D29A3A28185EF5E5678D7E57110CEB">
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<mods:date id="E3FA2AD171926652397E26BB983ABD23">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="35B47A82DBB7DD1F5F922321BD66A895" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="36B98DC2BD5BED6DDBD29F8E10B71AE3">444</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="1FE27C10591B77E2C3694C836FBD68FF">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.444.7537</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="2668A3BA76302414E1FD3176C5215D23">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="26CB7C6EA81BF630C661538765519209" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.444.7537</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="71AEE379370514C9ABE6548D74BDD67A" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-444-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B7542FB7C01EB9F00456047D23E8B7BC" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152055716" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B7542FB7C01EB9F00456047D23E8B7BC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B7542FB7C01EB9F00456047D23E8B7BC" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="45D034E31E1574AB6F947B88D34C7EB4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="7D23AC6FF236477CD5968401F1B6BF04" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Taxon classification Animalia Zoantharia Sphenopidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C53043AB1D0EAEF8A3EE0D83EFD843AC" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1F9B0183D70A14ECA7351838275A4E2F" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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12.
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<taxonomicName id="B8FF446FC2AE794A2DC06DFF10B88611" ID-CoL="6YZ24" authority="Hertwig, 1888" authorityName="Hertwig" authorityYear="1888" class="Anthozoa" family="Sphenopidae" genus="Sphenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenopus pedunculatus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pedunculatus">Sphenopus pedunculatus Hertwig, 1888</taxonomicName>
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Figures 10C, D, 11
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8B1F021AA58D19D9035B7F8A44ADE8FD" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="specimens examined">
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<paragraph id="EB9EAB13D3E179F07F8C1AC387E4DD46" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<pageBreakToken id="840C339085586ACA58D6C8BDBA85E596" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="start">Specimens</pageBreakToken>
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examined
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B02550802ACC8D949E537DAD701ED20A" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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(n=2). RMNH Coel 40507, Kepulauan Seribu Expedition station SER.29, north side of Pulau Tikus, Thousand Islands off Jakarta, northwest Java (
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<geoCoordinate id="566EEB583DD703EB3E9F9B60062F2C48" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-5.853611">05°51'13"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="1D8BFD28F8C3E26F056C98944341930E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="106.57861">106°34'43"E</geoCoordinate>
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), depth = 30 m, collected on September 18, 2005 by B.W. Hoeksema; RMNH Coel 40510, East
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<normalizedToken id="41B78B1D9827927B35F0573D1360DBAB" originalValue="Kalimantan–Berau">Kalimantan-Berau</normalizedToken>
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Expedition station BER.03, south side of Pulau Derawan, East Kalimantan (
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<geoCoordinate id="E671104716235640C2D1D7ECBA5DA625" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="2.2841666">02°17'03"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EA44898E3F02D9C7C8C213CAFD4021C4" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="118.24694">118°14'49"E</geoCoordinate>
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), depth = 15 m, collected on October 21, 2003 by B.W. Hoeksema.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F7E60302048C1612B2A2B6FFA1608E67" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="photographic records">
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<paragraph id="B669CD6A036B53A34F7E0991A20057EA" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Photographic records</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61D2595DD955B35D8D6234A25E390A87" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">(n=2). Images of RMNH Coel. 40507 and RMNH Coel 40510 as above.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DCA9C2564EDF66813601F29C9C328141" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph id="57F0FDB1CA529DDE5FB5E115722A81A9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B8928594814B0877D9AB31FDF06E1B6E" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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This azooxanthellate species was originally described from the Philippines, and has not been reported in the literature for over 80 years, excepting two brief mentions in
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<bibRefCitation id="677CCFAB8C4D873A25314F2D77C14B7E" author="Reimer, JD" journalOrPublisher="Contributions to Zoology" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="43 - 54" title="The phylogenetic position of the solitary zoanthid genus Sphenopus (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia)." volume="81" year="2012 b">Reimer et al. (2012b)</bibRefCitation>
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. Easily discernable from other
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<taxonomicName id="A16E2CB9414282D2B147AD38C140EFC2" class="Anthozoa" family="Sphenopidae" genus="Sphenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenopus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Sphenopus</taxonomicName>
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species by the presence of a
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<normalizedToken id="721AA73B3C2A43877C3FE50AAF117B84" originalValue="‘foot’">'foot'</normalizedToken>
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(=peduncle) that is attached to substrate (e.g. small rocks).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="115CED71AB8D5329082F9863AA4F03BF" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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The two specimens here varied in length from 33 to 62 mm in polyp length, and had a width between 9 to 11 mm (polyp head). The
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<normalizedToken id="9AED9F95FCBF9B45D991BBB9FAF5200D" originalValue="“swollen”">"swollen"</normalizedToken>
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, non-peduncle part of the polyp was between 15 to 20 mm in height, with the remainder of the length made up of the peduncle, which was between 0.5 to 3 mm in width. RMNH Coel 40507 polyps were generally smooth in appearance, while the upper portions of polyps of RMNH Coel 40510 were somewhat rugged, with small round tubercules 0.5 mm in diameter roughly arranged in vertical lines. The spaces between these small tubercules were colored a much darker color than the remainder of the
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<normalizedToken id="DC1FD58397159986AD577711802464BD" originalValue="polyps’">polyps'</normalizedToken>
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outer surfaces. The peduncle of specimens and images (Figure 10C) are much thinner and longer than the sketch in
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<bibRefCitation id="1225D5C4F3D0C535F01FC8B494FF51B4" author="Hertwig, R" journalOrPublisher="Zoology" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="4 - 56" title="Report on the Actiniaria dredged by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Supplement. Report on the scientific results of the exploring voyage of HMS Challenger 1873 - 1876." volume="26" year="1888">Hertwig (1888)</bibRefCitation>
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. However, so few data are available for this (and other
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<taxonomicName id="211CC752819858D76958C14492063BD2" class="Anthozoa" family="Sphenopidae" genus="Sphenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenopus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Sphenopus</taxonomicName>
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species) that currently nothing is known about intraspecific variation, and for now, we group these two specimens within this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B0D722BED4DC4773575C6F64983FE30B" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="9A27FCFA957FF78F65F067A72D4C0FBB" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BDEAE4B9AF49DE4DD1815930A1EF97D9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Regions recorded in this study (Figure 11). Northwest Java (3), Berau Islands (19).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7CF00EA9508F38F742095DE9F75EEBC2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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Previous records. This species was originally described from the Philippines, but has not been mentioned in recent literature (except for
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<bibRefCitation id="65AD77C338AF64E825C52E1101CC1DC5" author="Reimer, JD" journalOrPublisher="Contributions to Zoology" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="43 - 54" title="The phylogenetic position of the solitary zoanthid genus Sphenopus (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia)." volume="81" year="2012 b">Reimer et al. 2012b</bibRefCitation>
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), and hence very little is known on its distribution or ecology.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EAC33FF8A914C637EEF835B7DA45263A" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="154349B2D929EC718FE93582BDFC9427" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="87A1FB2B9246A2702A11EBD2A00DF77C" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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It is unknown as to whether the peduncle is a morphological characteristic that forms only when there is a hard substrate available, and this needs to be investigated to confirm this is truly a different species from
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<taxonomicName id="665D3E8FD888D63C257B832FF2B991E5" class="Anthozoa" family="Sphenopidae" genus="Sphenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenopus marsupialis" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="marsupialis">Sphenopus marsupialis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |