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<mods:title id="29F0F09A2AB786D5900AA39FC1451533">Reassessment of the type locality of Euptychia stigmatica Godman, 1905, with the description of two new sibling species from Amazonia (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Satyrini)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="BBE7DBC035D07A3BACFF6D611AE28712" LSID="4DCCB9E7-19DC-5CA1-8465-16D5CE03A32A" authority="(Butler, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Caeruleuptychia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caeruleuptychia cyanites" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanites">Caeruleuptychia cyanites (Butler, 1871)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="E3E594FDC73CFD7D454A82C0A549475E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A maximum likelihood tree (LnL = - 2678.083) showing the phylogenetic relationships among Caeruleuptychia taxa selected for this study. Numbers beside branches are UFBoot / SH-aLRT values; colored tips represent taxonomic hypotheses proposed in the present study B the differentiation of three Caeruleuptychia species (C. cyanites, C. harrisi sp. nov., C. aemulatio sp. nov.) by forewing length (mm) and scent patch percentage. Each species is denoted by a unique color and shape with a single point representing a single specimen. The holotype (HT) of each name and the lectotype (LT) of C. cyanites are denoted by a black border and the corresponding letters." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863850" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="5BDC8397C34AEEEB60FC0EC9273DEAEE" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Lectotype of E. cyanites (NHMUK) A in dorsal view B in ventral view, with associated labels to the right. Holotype of E. stigmatica (NHMUK) and its original description C in dorsal view D in ventral view, with associated labels to the right E text of the original description by Godman (1905: 186) F illustration associated with Godman (1905: pl. 10, fig. 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863851" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 2A, B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0236C7E8C1DA65AC574E0D304F7F8C02" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Adults of Caeruleuptychia: C. cyanites A male in dorsal view B male in ventral view (BLU 778) C female in dorsal view D female in ventral view (BC-DZ- 007). Holotype male of Caeruleuptychia harrisi sp. nov. E dorsal view F ventral view (USNM ENT 01844280). Holotype male of Caeruleuptychia aemulatio sp. nov. G dorsal view H ventral view (MUSM-LEP 100094)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863852" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 3A-D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="EF3879DAD0A9A0CD45AE045CDA091834" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Genitalia of C. cyanites A male genitalia in lateral view, without phallus B phallus in lateral view (genitalic dissection: SN- 19 - 13) C female genitalia in dorsal view, with image of signa to the left D lamella antevaginalis in ventral view (genitalic dissection: SN- 19 - 14). Caeruleuptychia harrisi sp. nov. E male genitalia in lateral view, without phallus F phallus in lateral view (genitalic dissection: SN- 17 - 36); Caeruleuptychia aemulatio sp. nov. G male genitalia in lateral view, without phallus H phallus in lateral view (genitalic dissection: SN- 17 - 34). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863853" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 4A-D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="4DF8F2BA7B64995C5EA4FF4E096A06EE" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Distribution map for three Caeruleuptychia species discussed herein. Key: * denotes location of Tres Rios, Rio de Janeiro (= hypothesized type locality of E. stigmatica in the present study);? denotes dubious records from Araras, Sao Paulo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863854" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="691B5D24675F30B147DFB05F5C62FFDB" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitat pictures for two Caeruleuptychia species discussed herein A interior of ecotone habitat of C. cyanites at PERD with trap pictured B general view of PERD C habitat of C. cyanites at Camacan, Bahia D habitat of two Brazilian males of C. harrisi sp. nov. (Photograph credit: Bruno Ferreira)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863855" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 6A-C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="346F36BE46469ABB665BCC15F4DBEB6D" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptychia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euptychia cyanites" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanites">Euptychia cyanites</taxonomicName>
: Butler, 1871: 282-283 [original description];
<bibRefCitation id="96B774E0FE65F017A15E74A31640E70E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11413" author="Kirby, WF" journalOrPublisher="Bioinformatics" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" refId="B38" refString="Kirby, WF, 1877. A Synonymic Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera. Supplement. John Van Voorst, London, 691-883. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11413" title="A Synonymic Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera. Supplement. John Van Voorst, London, 691 - 883." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11413" year="1877">Kirby 1877</bibRefCitation>
: 700;
<bibRefCitation id="8D873C420A3074178F26B9828FB4F5B0" author="Weymer, G" editor="Seitz, A" journalOrPublisher="Kernen" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="185 - 225" refId="B67" refString="Weymer, G, 1911. 4. Familie: Satyridae. In: Seitz, A, Ed., Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. Stuttgart, A. Kernen 5: 185 - 225" title="4. Familie: Satyridae." volume="5" volumeTitle="Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. Stuttgart, A." year="1911">Weymer 1911</bibRefCitation>
: 218, pl. 49c;
<bibRefCitation id="8B165CECAFF01F43C562A96EA4F9D467" author="Gaede, M" journalOrPublisher="Lepidopterorum Catalogus" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 320" refId="B25" refString="Gaede, M, 1931. Familia Satyridae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus 43: 1 - 320" title="Familia Satyridae." volume="43" year="1931">Gaede 1931</bibRefCitation>
: 444 [in the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="C401FC9CCD139FC4A68B20CFB72C8599" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Papilio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Papilio crantor" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crantor">Papilio crantor</taxonomicName>
Fabricius, 1793];
<bibRefCitation id="39C02C8EFE075122151380B6E664F60C" author="D'Abrera, B" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" refId="B15" refString="D'Abrera, B, 1988. Butterflies of the Neotropical Region. Part V. Nymphalidae (Conc.) &amp; Satyridae. Hill House Black Rock, Victoria, 679-877." title="Butterflies of the Neotropical Region. Part V. Nymphalidae (Conc.) &amp; Satyridae. Hill House Black Rock, Victoria, 679 - 877." year="1988">
<normalizedToken id="827E42D5AB503F8D22F114504E69016E" originalValue="DAbrera">D'Abrera</normalizedToken>
1988
</bibRefCitation>
: 766, figs;
<bibRefCitation id="813FA8C5426DA1057919E3BD7ACDBB9E" author="Lamas, G" editor="Lamas, G" journalOrPublisher="Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea. In: Heppner JB (Ed.) Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera (Vol. 5 A). Association for Tropical Lepidoptera; Scientific Publishers, Gainesville" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="217 - 223" refId="B40" refString="Lamas, G, 2004. Nymphalidae. Satyrinae. Tribe Satyrini. Subtribe Euptychiina. In: Lamas, G, Ed., Checklist: Part 4A. Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea. In: Heppner JB (Ed.) Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera (Vol. 5A). Association for Tropical Lepidoptera; Scientific Publishers, Gainesville: 217 - 223" title="Nymphalidae. Satyrinae. Tribe Satyrini. Subtribe Euptychiina." volumeTitle="Checklist: Part 4 A." year="2004">Lamas 2004</bibRefCitation>
: 217.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="27D79B84C037225DE065AF822AF38D84" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="BED2124B1CB7F22860C3F030A75DA3E3" authorityName="Nakahara &amp; Kleckner &amp; Barbosa &amp; Lourenço &amp; Casagrande &amp; Willmott &amp; Freitas" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Caeruleuptychia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caeruleuptychia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Caeruleuptychia</taxonomicName>
sp.:
<bibRefCitation id="621F74AF1CB9F6AA137C16A55D798C7A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002167" author="Nakahara, S" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics &amp; Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="130 - 182" refId="B47" refString="Nakahara, S, Zacca, T, Huertas, B, Neild, AFE, Hall, JPW, Lamas, G, Holian, LA, Espeland, M, Willmott, KR, 2018b. Remarkable sexual dimorphism, rarity and cryptic species: A revision of the ' aegrota species group' of the Neotropical butterfly genus Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964 with the description of three new species (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Insect Systematics &amp; Evolution 48 (2): 130 - 182, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002167" title="Remarkable sexual dimorphism, rarity and cryptic species: A revision of the ' aegrota species group' of the Neotropical butterfly genus Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964 with the description of three new species (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002167" volume="48" year="2018 b">Nakahara et al. 2018b</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1C.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D8AA38D79B0BDCF2FEB88843F1A71D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="58D5FB428A684FD7E36442BC66252402" authorityName="Nakahara &amp; Kleckner &amp; Barbosa &amp; Lourenço &amp; Casagrande &amp; Willmott &amp; Freitas" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Caeruleuptychia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caeruleuptychia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Caeruleuptychia</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. 2:
<bibRefCitation id="A5E5B54A9D5F638B0E8B4082CE5AA76F" author="Nakahara, S" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Lepidoptera Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="23 - 36" refId="B50" refString="Nakahara, S, Piovesan, M, Baine, Q, MacKenzie, EC, Gallice, G, Barbosa, EP, Kleckner, K, 2022. A new species of Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964 from the Amazon basin (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini). Tropical Lepidoptera Research 33 (1): 23 - 36" title="A new species of Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964 from the Amazon basin (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)." volume="33" year="2022">Nakahara et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FACEB1D143C00D2F942A960B141A8039" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="0581C530BC489A29395B8C5831871C35" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Caeruleuptychia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caeruleuptychia cyanites" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanites">Caeruleuptychia cyanites</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="CFF9E9433937DC50C225419861D8E48D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12590" author="Espeland, M" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" refId="B21" refString="Espeland, M, Nakahara, S, Zacca, T, Barbosa, EP, Huertas, B, Marin, MA, Lamas, G, Benmesbah, M, Brevignon, C, Casagrande, MM, Fahraeus, C, Grishin, N, Kawahara, AY, Mielke, OHH, Miller, JY, Nakamura, I, Navas, V, Patrusky, B, Pyrcz, TW, Richards, L, Tan, D, Tyler, S, Viloria, A, Warren, AD, Xiao, L, Freitas, AVL, Willmott, KR, 2023. Combining target enrichment and Sanger sequencing data to clarify the systematics of the diverse Neotropical butterfly subtribe Euptychiina (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Systematic Entomology, 1-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12590" title="Combining target enrichment and Sanger sequencing data to clarify the systematics of the diverse Neotropical butterfly subtribe Euptychiina (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Systematic Entomology, 1 - 73." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12590" year="2023">Espeland et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 10.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E593790D9629FFB605AC515FAF2E35B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="E69F4C9C6EC9A1F2F22F3BE392D22F5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A8F11A1A33D3C911F12359574DF0CC86" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
Brazil.
<emphasis id="ED188B630A20805C7B5A3A9232CF08E0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="56C8DF855F33FBDC74DED5669E7C53CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Lectotype</emphasis>
(designated herein)
</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="78BEA8277DE331AC1A43F27B04670881" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Lectotype of E. cyanites (NHMUK) A in dorsal view B in ventral view, with associated labels to the right. Holotype of E. stigmatica (NHMUK) and its original description C in dorsal view D in ventral view, with associated labels to the right E text of the original description by Godman (1905: 186) F illustration associated with Godman (1905: pl. 10, fig. 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863851" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">2A, B</figureCitation>
): male with following labels written verbatim separated by double forward slashes: //Presented by J. J. Joicey Esq. Brit. Mus.1931-291. //
<taxonomicName id="3E1D8AE0EB70792B3671FB55D67122ED" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. cyanites" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="cyanites">E. cyanites</taxonomicName>
Butl. type// Type// Braz// BMNH (E) 1267021// (NHMUK).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>