349 lines
47 KiB
XML
349 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1172-155" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CD2EE59B9D1956F398FE2EAE4C095952" ID-ZooBank="11525B8DBA164EC2A53207DF8F1000EC" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1172-155" checkinTime="1690511057590" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Aalbu, Rolf L., Kanda, Kojun, Merkl, Otto, Ivie, Michael A. & Johnston, M. Andrew" docDate="2023" docId="D35F7A68EA0D58DDA07CBF1C0D8AB2EA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1172: 155-202" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1172" docPubDate="2023-07-26" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149" docTitle="Falsotithassa Pic 1934" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="CD2EE59B9D1956F398FE2EAE4C095952" lastPageNumber="155" masterDocId="CD2EE59B9D1956F398FE2EAE4C095952" masterDocTitle="Reconstitution of some tribes and genera of Lagriinae (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="202" masterPageNumber="155" pageNumber="155" updateTime="1690511057590" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="FE6FB25B561D55CEAD8C4C0FD67C1F70">Reconstitution of some tribes and genera of Lagriinae (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8FD33137F08F132B433A40805F658F88">Aalbu, Rolf L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1143D1839E1AE5354277AB51CE822635">Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D7BDB9C4C870A863B7B3826BD4E60506">Kanda, Kojun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="649D86F82A715993F48127481161602E">USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory, c / o Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, District of Columbia, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2DFB5910F5E2665EE5EB8AC16BE5EE68" type="email">grabulax@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C8713945509E5B59F6224B0600030072">Merkl, Otto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="37D533003FFBB800A03F5DD4F56C1517">Hungarian Natural History Museum, Department of Zoology, Budapest, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E50D1C62FE1614CEE88361E9EB41F372">Ivie, Michael A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="558BF68999E2B5DFB62DD5DFCD663F45">Johnston, M. Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="3CC4846AD3E560D057F67A0EFAD0A3CD">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="D35F7A68EA0D58DDA07CBF1C0D8AB2EA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D35F7A68EA0D58DDA07CBF1C0D8AB2EA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D35F7A68EA0D58DDA07CBF1C0D8AB2EA" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
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<subSubSection id="EB53D73EBFCA52AF5DB175BA053EA0EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="86749F4F63E26A9ABCA92274F0374F66" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="2098E72FC71747BDD8EBBBECCF0367C0" LSID="D35F7A68-EA0D-58DD-A07C-BF1C0D8AB2EA" authority="Pic, 1934" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Falsotithassa Pic, 1934</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D8F3B9E31882AE3C476642963CC0D272" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="description">
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<paragraph id="FD019530D7427BC56A35940A03071CDD" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
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<figureCitation id="D6A6781D58AB3454AFEA46B9399E3CE3" captionStart="Figures 74–78" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 74 - 78. Dorsal habitus and structures of Falsotithassa sumatrana Pic, 1934. 74 Dorsal habitus of holotype 75 antennae of non-type specimen 76 defensive gland reservoirs 77 ovipositor 78 portion of spermatheca. Abbreviations: cas = compound antennal sensoria, dgr = defensive gland reservoir, lc = lateral commissure, goc 4 = fourth gonocoxite, gos = gonostylus, sp = spermatheca, sag = spermathecal accessory gland. Fig. 74 taken by Cristophe Rivier (MNHN). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures74-78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884427" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figs 74-78</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="324B2922FE1E40AD26BBA78FFF360753" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="32BCF3FC500E8CBA1704CB2047AB254D" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
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<taxonomicName id="A3F15E88B3F253A42DD20E00E6D965AC" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Falsotithassa</taxonomicName>
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Pic, 1934: 18. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="10D35F143D60D69DB43431AD119C555A" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa sumatrana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatrana">Falsotithassa sumatrana</taxonomicName>
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Pic, 1934.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="78DC4D1B41E9FCAD6B9502D0FCE05A9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="notes">
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<paragraph id="E5FC0B20A846C07CFD2A230655FCAC67" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Note.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5FD0126FAAE29F7A528B84D0BCF6AC47" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
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<taxonomicName id="2831AF7D05059D9C6BB5B999E219A97B" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3079E1BF30B37238B2D4A1F21EC799B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Pic, 1934 is transferred from
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<taxonomicName id="250D5247D80A57DBD277952A6F283DC7" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Lupropini">Lupropini</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="3426E275E1C21B3ED9BA97054EB3A8E2" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1825" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lagriinae">Lagriinae</taxonomicName>
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) to
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<taxonomicName id="C4F7FE1C4904E6004169131BFC4F9D81" authorityName="Lewis" authorityYear="1894" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Leiochrinini">Leiochrinini</taxonomicName>
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Lewis, 1894 (
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||
<taxonomicName id="F1E307E7A95E8FF3FC4BCD4E4ED606E4" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Diaperinae">Diaperinae</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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<taxonomicName id="09F3D66E05A7ED9CC5E8054E2BD1C825" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7C844388B0921B5C6747B481ACC08A16" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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contains ten species of small
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<taxonomicName id="2B5BE6ACB20A5FE8325BA2A8D053C78F" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tenebrionidae</taxonomicName>
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distributed across the Indo-Malayan biogeographic region. In the original description of this genus, Pic noted its similarity to
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<taxonomicName id="D959B106A9B59C9874E732FADC6959CF" authorityName="Pascoe" authorityYear="1860" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Tithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D80600A3DD7170537A7F9DFBFE4E3632" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Tithassa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which in this present paper is classified in
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<taxonomicName id="3DE7F8749F98A108BB723F61EC44D9B3" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Prateini">Prateini</taxonomicName>
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. Based on the ordering of the descriptions in
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<bibRefCitation id="8D2BC90BA2AAA2D0879E449503D06486" author="Pic, M" journalOrPublisher="Melanges Exotico-entomologiques" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 36" refId="B114" refString="Pic, M, 1934. Nouveautes diverses. Melanges Exotico-entomologiques 63: 1 - 36" title="Nouveautes diverses." volume="63" year="1934">
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<normalizedToken id="266D98AC717D2C1A6F883598B66F5530" originalValue="Pic’s">Pic's</normalizedToken>
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(1934)
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</bibRefCitation>
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manuscript, and the placement of the descriptions of
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<taxonomicName id="B478AADAA964144CC73E5A8B5084F9BC" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="447FBA4A6254087C2E185C925F45B131" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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between species of
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<taxonomicName id="1D710D193C04188F3CF9DB16640AE4D7" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1842" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Anaedus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaedus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="1A7AE36B301958FD0FFC19F60A10C707" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anaedus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(
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<taxonomicName id="25D8499D0E1F2FA0D0422DAF566D77B5" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1859" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Goniaderini">Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
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||
) and
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<taxonomicName id="8FBA2C5ADB23ABA2CEC5A5DA611B6C3A" authorityName="Pascoe" authorityYear="1860" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Tithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E90E537A9965657FEFF8FE8D534EF136" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Tithassa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, it can be inferred that Pic considered this genus to be closely related to these taxa, and therefore included in
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<taxonomicName id="AE59F1D9CD130546C1CBB5A1C4C34DFE" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1825" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lagriinae">Lagriinae</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="21625589C40545664FBA704BFAB3902B" author="Schawaller, W" journalOrPublisher="Serie A, Biologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 11" refId="B121" refString="Schawaller, W, 2000. The Genus Falsotithassa Pic (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with descriptions of new oriental species. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde. Serie A, Biologie 604: 1 - 11" title="The Genus Falsotithassa Pic (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with descriptions of new oriental species. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde." volume="604" year="2000">Schawaller (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
revised
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69A94A27A2A5C65301E2FFF8B59A21E6" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="384EC2F01FCF4351808622277CC70157" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, providing a detailed diagnosis for this genus, and synonymized
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||
<taxonomicName id="1AE5AB42D549222A9476E0D8D1B1B5DB" authorityName="Kaszab" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Derispiolina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Derispiolina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D55F827073B0005E834358973FB9AA74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Derispiolina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kaszab, 1979 which was originally described as a tentative member of the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94A3FDEEBAF10658355597864FE3CB4D" authorityName="Lewis" authorityYear="1894" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Leiochrinini">Leiochrinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1EE97762E2D41DA524128BB8B38F5BC5" author="Kaszab, Z" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="259 - 310" refId="B74" refString="Kaszab, Z, 1979. Tenebrioniden aus Suedindien (Coleoptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 25: 259 - 310" title="Tenebrioniden aus Suedindien (Coleoptera)." volume="25" year="1979">Kaszab 1979</bibRefCitation>
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||
). In that study, Schawaller suggested that
|
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<taxonomicName id="06CC87E15796434AAE152906A736750A" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4231BCF99DD06BC91B4B3820367F4FA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
belonged in
|
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<taxonomicName id="01F18D8FE52817D86A007DB3E1D76E18" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Diaperini">Diaperini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="41F8BCAB5D86A24819EBF7E36967C5F6" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Diaperinae">Diaperinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but in a later paper (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F8DD0A2D7C99805DB8524E9AFD7A4BF" author="Schawaller, W" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="267 - 270" publicationUrl="https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00009" refId="B125" refString="Schawaller, W, 2007c. Three new oriental species of the genus Falsotithassa Pic, 1934 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lupropini). Annales Zoologici 57 (2): 267 - 270, https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00009" title="Three new oriental species of the genus Falsotithassa Pic, 1934 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lupropini)." url="https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00009" volume="57" year="2007 c">Schawaller 2007c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) reinterpreted the same characters studied in his initial 2000 revision as supporting the placement of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2E2262F40268F0E3E7221FAD3398F3E1" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="667941246278D6438FF6740FCE7C878E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="494604EBE1D5AC0A5E9E9B208CA44292" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Lupropini">Lupropini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This placement is adopted in the recent generic catalog of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6CA479289447EADBED34B5C10F0CEB72" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tenebrionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="27A4AA07F3D8C6C5392A03436C0A3067" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1050.64217" author="Bouchard, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 633" refId="B15" refString="Bouchard, P, Bousquet, Y, Aalbu, RL, Alonso-Zarazaga, MA, Merkl, O, Davies, AE, 2021. Review of genus-group names in the family Tenebrionidae (Insecta, Coleoptera). ZooKeys 1050: 1 - 633, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1050.64217" title="Review of genus-group names in the family Tenebrionidae (Insecta, Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1050.64217" volume="1050" year="2021">Bouchard et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BDB239CD2FE2870A686C7938FA9741AC" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures68-73" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884426" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" start="Figures 68–73" startId="F15">
|
||
<paragraph id="7CB19CB0838338B0ECFC6E5089D3E139" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="2636054D0063C3E26399D3F6AB0A18B3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figures 68-73.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus and structures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA3D05CF6DEE94AA1767594C943CCB1F" authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Pseudesarcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudesarcus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C429C9BBB69D1B8239062BDB90836513" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Pseudesarcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Champion, 1913.
|
||
<emphasis id="534A24A352956A84B8C1B7251F53E36E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">68</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3D56AE74246D2053006D2E108EA4587F" authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Pseudesarcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudesarcus villosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9C5C3BD04AFEF6639534F68936251A7D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Pseudesarcus villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Champion, 1913, holotype
|
||
<emphasis id="9DC4DEEB5AB991CC07F904809E944FA2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">69</emphasis>
|
||
antennae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40DB70A14A0D3EE0BC4938CC5804685E" authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Pseudesarcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudesarcus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="62E1D20473C5788B6C17C72CC90196E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Pseudesarcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.
|
||
<emphasis id="EAEC4667FA44E8CBA20227FFFDF817A2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">70</emphasis>
|
||
defensive gland reservoirs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A03F06BEF79082302657931BAA4210B1" lsidName="P. villosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0B72C159EB8D1A03B5884E64F32D86C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">P. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="678A46DAD94173DF7D588864771B6ECC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">71</emphasis>
|
||
ovipositor of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14FAE2F8198DCD2E7C221ADFEF55CE2F" lsidName="P. villosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38F807D7EE75E250984B35CE3AE97231" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">P. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D0150A79D0785FD8C79862074894BC6F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">72</emphasis>
|
||
female internal reproductive tract of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2CB7E4DA7115A84A03A04C830CEB5C9" authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Pseudesarcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudesarcus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="221543BA5CEED7BEAA106FE0972BA9FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Pseudesarcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.
|
||
<emphasis id="8C12CBC5E64DFCE0EBEC5E7E6590CE1E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">73</emphasis>
|
||
details of spermatheca/spermathecal accessory gland complex of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="940A33F44032983793B6256E04B5C172" authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Pseudesarcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudesarcus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9F595B68A37DAD0790CC3DFB29384679" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Pseudesarcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. Abbreviations: cas = compound antennal sensoria, dgr = defensive gland reservoir, par = paraprocts, goc = gonocoxites, gos = gonostyli, od = oviduct, bc = bursa copulatrix, cs = capsular spermatheca, sag = spermathecal accessory gland. Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A257DBC55DEDF1E382D74F7C094D8EA4" captionStart="Figures 68–73" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 68 - 73. Dorsal habitus and structures of Pseudesarcus Champion, 1913. 68 Dorsal habitus of Pseudesarcus villosus Champion, 1913, holotype 69 antennae of Pseudesarcus sp. 70 defensive gland reservoirs of P. villosus 71 ovipositor of P. villosus 72 female internal reproductive tract of Pseudesarcus sp. 73 details of spermatheca / spermathecal accessory gland complex of Pseudesarcus sp. Abbreviations: cas = compound antennal sensoria, dgr = defensive gland reservoir, par = paraprocts, goc = gonocoxites, gos = gonostyli, od = oviduct, bc = bursa copulatrix, cs = capsular spermatheca, sag = spermathecal accessory gland. Fig. 68 taken by Keita Matsumoto (NHMUK)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures68-73" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884426" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">68</figureCitation>
|
||
taken by Keita Matsumoto (NHMUK).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="7A85F85B6EF10979C14A35A57A7984A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
Examination of character states not discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AE4CE84715B3B544857DB832F4FAC9EE" author="Schawaller, W" journalOrPublisher="Serie A, Biologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 11" refId="B121" refString="Schawaller, W, 2000. The Genus Falsotithassa Pic (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with descriptions of new oriental species. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde. Serie A, Biologie 604: 1 - 11" title="The Genus Falsotithassa Pic (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with descriptions of new oriental species. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde." volume="604" year="2000">Schawaller (2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="958173032EEB7DBFF16FACEECF82DBC8" author="Schawaller, W" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="267 - 270" publicationUrl="https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00009" refId="B125" refString="Schawaller, W, 2007c. Three new oriental species of the genus Falsotithassa Pic, 1934 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lupropini). Annales Zoologici 57 (2): 267 - 270, https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00009" title="Three new oriental species of the genus Falsotithassa Pic, 1934 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lupropini)." url="https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00009" volume="57" year="2007 c">2007c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and reinterpretation of female reproductive structures described in these papers support the exclusion of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97CEC0D387119EDDD81570E05448BF6C" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EDBB7EC919E79FB38C6893D7C2CDD49C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2097172D2F757B9C96898448E258C680" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1825" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lagriinae">Lagriinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and supports its inclusion in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FA57A8AD24F767605285A7D0407E65E" authorityName="Lewis" authorityYear="1894" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Leiochrinini">Leiochrinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The most evident character for excluding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B079CF98431649083F178783BEB739B2" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4D4A446194670BBB2401A6984782F21C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A844B2E8C1E83F6E05A6E600E093C5" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1825" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lagriinae">Lagriinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the presence of complex sensoria on antennomeres 4-11 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="21425D8A3446A6FF348FA3FD290F8301" captionStart="Figures 74–78" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 74 - 78. Dorsal habitus and structures of Falsotithassa sumatrana Pic, 1934. 74 Dorsal habitus of holotype 75 antennae of non-type specimen 76 defensive gland reservoirs 77 ovipositor 78 portion of spermatheca. Abbreviations: cas = compound antennal sensoria, dgr = defensive gland reservoir, lc = lateral commissure, goc 4 = fourth gonocoxite, gos = gonostylus, sp = spermatheca, sag = spermathecal accessory gland. Fig. 74 taken by Cristophe Rivier (MNHN). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures74-78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884427" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">75</figureCitation>
|
||
); all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D76676BB9F8F1ECE21A8666BD444FA37" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1825" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lagriinae">Lagriinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
have only simple antennal sensoria. Additionally, the abdominal defensive gland reservoirs have a lateral commissure joining the base of the left and right reservoir (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="CE9198F228A2FA8B6B20AEC780BA8994" captionStart="Figures 74–78" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 74 - 78. Dorsal habitus and structures of Falsotithassa sumatrana Pic, 1934. 74 Dorsal habitus of holotype 75 antennae of non-type specimen 76 defensive gland reservoirs 77 ovipositor 78 portion of spermatheca. Abbreviations: cas = compound antennal sensoria, dgr = defensive gland reservoir, lc = lateral commissure, goc 4 = fourth gonocoxite, gos = gonostylus, sp = spermatheca, sag = spermathecal accessory gland. Fig. 74 taken by Cristophe Rivier (MNHN). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures74-78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884427" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">76</figureCitation>
|
||
). This arrangement is only known to occur in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="460B7483076C9178FDA94B18C4EA4E37" authorityName="Lewis" authorityYear="1894" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Leiochrinini">Leiochrinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="36F1E2A2CF0E527ABF74C1BDD01A2394" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1860" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Nilionini">Nilionini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E17651731EE036933F7BA2058EDFE725" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/IT9890229" author="Doyen, JT" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="229 - 260" refId="B36" refString="Doyen, JT, Matthews, EG, Lawrence, JF, 1990. Classification and annotated checklist of the Australian genera of Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera). Invertebrate Taxonomy 3 (3): 229 - 260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/IT9890229" title="Classification and annotated checklist of the Australian genera of Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/IT9890229" volume="3" year="1990">Doyen et al. 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1B981C83A3E117BF6E4DED6AFA8B675A" author="Matthews, EG" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" refId="B93" refString="Matthews, EG, Bouchard, P, 2008. Tenebrionid beetles of Australia: descriptions of tribes, keys to genera, catalogue of species. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, viii + 398 pp." title="Tenebrionid beetles of Australia: descriptions of tribes, keys to genera, catalogue of species. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, viii + 398 pp." year="2008">Matthews and Bouchard 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The main characters used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3025DC4CC19640A78F696E64039E7417" author="Schawaller, W" journalOrPublisher="Serie A, Biologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 11" refId="B121" refString="Schawaller, W, 2000. The Genus Falsotithassa Pic (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with descriptions of new oriental species. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde. Serie A, Biologie 604: 1 - 11" title="The Genus Falsotithassa Pic (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with descriptions of new oriental species. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde." volume="604" year="2000">Schawaller (2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="33E71A1717D03A863F9843941BBB8953" author="Schawaller, W" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="267 - 270" publicationUrl="https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00009" refId="B125" refString="Schawaller, W, 2007c. Three new oriental species of the genus Falsotithassa Pic, 1934 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lupropini). Annales Zoologici 57 (2): 267 - 270, https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00009" title="Three new oriental species of the genus Falsotithassa Pic, 1934 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lupropini)." url="https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00009" volume="57" year="2007 c">2007c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in placing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5BB3DAD7F5F35926793FFCBBB6ED01CA" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA386B0527C193A7A691F5BFEC5810F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F65850EB78EA33815AE1569F9A8C902B" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Diaperini">Diaperini</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the presence of a capsular spermatheca ("check valve"), a character that is only known to occur in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="822941DAE35C80E9DA5AA6A85B625A4A" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Diaperini">Diaperini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="780B72604F9D25B727083E1E31D16223" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1860" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Nilionini">Nilionini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8A37AC94ED113D58DA80F9E6DD122344" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(80)90009-4" author="Tschinkel, WR" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Insect Morphology & Embryology" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="321 - 368" refId="B133" refString="Tschinkel, WR, Doyen, JT, 1980. Comparative Anatomy of the defensive glands, ovipositors and female genital tubes of Tenebrionid beetles (Coleoptera). International Journal of Insect Morphology & Embryology 9 (5-6): 321 - 368, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(80)90009-4" title="Comparative Anatomy of the defensive glands, ovipositors and female genital tubes of Tenebrionid beetles (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(80)90009-4" volume="9" year="1980">Tschinkel and Doyen 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A2BCA9071F5254065A2AA715DD4E6642" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-4689zool-20150191" author="Aloquio, S" journalOrPublisher="Zoologia (Curitiba)" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 8" refId="B3" refString="Aloquio, S, Lopes-Andrade, C, 2016. Redescription of immature stage and adults of Nilio brunneus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Nilioninae). Zoologia (Curitiba) 33 (2): 1 - 8, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-4689zool-20150191" title="Redescription of immature stage and adults of Nilio brunneus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Nilioninae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-4689zool-20150191" volume="33" year="2016">Aloquio and Lopes-Andrade 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). New dissections of specimens identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34C0CE94A34451EF22A3074296A02092" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa sumatrana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
||
<emphasis id="531CDD60A459FDCAF7A48ADF1579ACFA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa sumatrana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Schawaller, and matched with the holotype, show a large thin-walled balloon-like spermathecae (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="EE2D00D1516C851E702079C70B4427B2" captionStart="Figures 74–78" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 74 - 78. Dorsal habitus and structures of Falsotithassa sumatrana Pic, 1934. 74 Dorsal habitus of holotype 75 antennae of non-type specimen 76 defensive gland reservoirs 77 ovipositor 78 portion of spermatheca. Abbreviations: cas = compound antennal sensoria, dgr = defensive gland reservoir, lc = lateral commissure, goc 4 = fourth gonocoxite, gos = gonostylus, sp = spermatheca, sag = spermathecal accessory gland. Fig. 74 taken by Cristophe Rivier (MNHN). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures74-78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884427" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">77</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="C28629386694DD0DEC26845A9D4A5B1D" captionStart="Figures 74–78" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 74 - 78. Dorsal habitus and structures of Falsotithassa sumatrana Pic, 1934. 74 Dorsal habitus of holotype 75 antennae of non-type specimen 76 defensive gland reservoirs 77 ovipositor 78 portion of spermatheca. Abbreviations: cas = compound antennal sensoria, dgr = defensive gland reservoir, lc = lateral commissure, goc 4 = fourth gonocoxite, gos = gonostylus, sp = spermatheca, sag = spermathecal accessory gland. Fig. 74 taken by Cristophe Rivier (MNHN). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures74-78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884427" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">78</figureCitation>
|
||
). These are not the same as the capsular spermathecae present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA454F634EDB44AB74E9C47661713B0C" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Diaperini">Diaperini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AFB17AAD9D1627876922AA8E53FAC8DC" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1860" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Nilionini">Nilionini</taxonomicName>
|
||
but are very similar to spermathecae illustrated for other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3836750433D5DE0E0C8825AE3B15CA" authorityName="Lewis" authorityYear="1894" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Leiochrinini">Leiochrinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA27CC1D449AD5ED2EE5BB781599E9DB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/IT9890229" author="Doyen, JT" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="229 - 260" refId="B36" refString="Doyen, JT, Matthews, EG, Lawrence, JF, 1990. Classification and annotated checklist of the Australian genera of Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera). Invertebrate Taxonomy 3 (3): 229 - 260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/IT9890229" title="Classification and annotated checklist of the Australian genera of Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/IT9890229" volume="3" year="1990">Doyen et al. 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0DC88F61110456D006FC4BC039C981A9" author="Matthews, EG" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" refId="B93" refString="Matthews, EG, Bouchard, P, 2008. Tenebrionid beetles of Australia: descriptions of tribes, keys to genera, catalogue of species. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, viii + 398 pp." title="Tenebrionid beetles of Australia: descriptions of tribes, keys to genera, catalogue of species. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, viii + 398 pp." year="2008">Matthews and Bouchard 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="326A5C7047F85F0383E7CE8F3D0B12D4" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures74-78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884427" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" start="Figures 74–78" startId="F16">
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2E8768C684EDAFE0BB655660D95F76" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="71622295785085FB98A14A10C689D735" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figures 74-78.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus and structures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="926AAECD148854197943200BAB69A552" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa sumatrana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFA591BCA03FD189B90B6B4F1B613F8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa sumatrana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pic, 1934.
|
||
<emphasis id="417E84EC797A25C9F434EFA7B61A87B8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">74</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus of holotype
|
||
<emphasis id="01429286760933B840DBB2072B21648D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">75</emphasis>
|
||
antennae of non-type specimen
|
||
<emphasis id="E214C4F030AB108ED5AE7A54933DEA74" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">76</emphasis>
|
||
defensive gland reservoirs
|
||
<emphasis id="5A8A3B6E048F227EE7161A2CEC3E656F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">77</emphasis>
|
||
ovipositor
|
||
<emphasis id="04A0A7866A9E7EDA321182EE4819CDC7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">78</emphasis>
|
||
portion of spermatheca. Abbreviations: cas = compound antennal sensoria, dgr = defensive gland reservoir, lc = lateral commissure, goc4 = fourth gonocoxite, gos = gonostylus, sp = spermatheca, sag = spermathecal accessory gland. Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D0E2FF5D827511F1E38AB80085FD1B14" captionStart="Figures 74–78" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 74 - 78. Dorsal habitus and structures of Falsotithassa sumatrana Pic, 1934. 74 Dorsal habitus of holotype 75 antennae of non-type specimen 76 defensive gland reservoirs 77 ovipositor 78 portion of spermatheca. Abbreviations: cas = compound antennal sensoria, dgr = defensive gland reservoir, lc = lateral commissure, goc 4 = fourth gonocoxite, gos = gonostylus, sp = spermatheca, sag = spermathecal accessory gland. Fig. 74 taken by Cristophe Rivier (MNHN). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures74-78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884427" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">74</figureCitation>
|
||
taken by Cristophe Rivier (MNHN). Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE96AFCD3B346710CF03C10A46A385AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
We transfer
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FEB2A02F34BB6F680DC8176D633C53A" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C800EE0C07D72508E1991FAFB2A66797" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F60396E9FAABCD1BA0AA65E5995F070F" authorityName="Lewis" authorityYear="1894" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Leiochrinini">Leiochrinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
based upon the three characters discussed above: (1) antennae with complex sensoria on antennomeres 4-11; (2) abdominal defensive gland reservoirs joined by lateral commissure; (3) female internal reproductive tract with large thin-walled spermathecae. Further support of this conclusion is provided by characters mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F4C151A352E56334915ABB48F6824EE" author="Schawaller, W" journalOrPublisher="Serie A, Biologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 11" refId="B121" refString="Schawaller, W, 2000. The Genus Falsotithassa Pic (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with descriptions of new oriental species. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde. Serie A, Biologie 604: 1 - 11" title="The Genus Falsotithassa Pic (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with descriptions of new oriental species. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde." volume="604" year="2000">Schawaller (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, including internally open procoxal cavities and the female reproductive tract lacking a bursa copulatrix. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0074E5104C31735DDB2FE6BD7A1D5392" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E5E50EC0C65C81B7CAB1D3FB0A1D8906" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
departs from the coccinellid-like appearance of all other current members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC486520754C4E6E8C1E5D3FD14DF7B1" authorityName="Lewis" authorityYear="1894" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Leiochrinini">Leiochrinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and indeed is externally similar to members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4F3722338F47811CFCB571E2ACB8093A" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1922" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphidemini">Scaphidemini</taxonomicName>
|
||
Reitter, 1922. The latter is presently defined by a strongly sclerotized T-shaped spermatheca and the defensive glands lacking a commissure (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F76DA5DAE5BF4321BE4C8C44D82F9C4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/IT9890229" author="Doyen, JT" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="229 - 260" refId="B36" refString="Doyen, JT, Matthews, EG, Lawrence, JF, 1990. Classification and annotated checklist of the Australian genera of Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera). Invertebrate Taxonomy 3 (3): 229 - 260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/IT9890229" title="Classification and annotated checklist of the Australian genera of Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/IT9890229" volume="3" year="1990">Doyen et al. 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D587D75DD051F9E0DC9E6AC7E99FDF6" author="Matthews, EG" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" refId="B93" refString="Matthews, EG, Bouchard, P, 2008. Tenebrionid beetles of Australia: descriptions of tribes, keys to genera, catalogue of species. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, viii + 398 pp." title="Tenebrionid beetles of Australia: descriptions of tribes, keys to genera, catalogue of species. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, viii + 398 pp." year="2008">Matthews and Bouchard 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) which preclude the placement of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67930324411B18197B2CE3EEAB540CA8" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Falsotithassa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falsotithassa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="42CE8E4570AB1BA4D519149E3031532B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Falsotithassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
therein. We hypothesize that the tribes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CC3F7E62C93D2EE58B1BB0C2ABFC047" authorityName="Lewis" authorityYear="1894" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Leiochrinini">Leiochrinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0B5BDBBB1C2DE521EA959821758B4E40" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1922" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphidemini">Scaphidemini</taxonomicName>
|
||
are likely closely related and should be reevaluated with respect to each other in future studies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |