196 lines
19 KiB
XML
196 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.910.39486" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fd47c8fc-f4b8-4924-9a45-51e09fcd5e5b" ID-PMC="PMC7026197" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-910-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5E9B7F572E9952BD87FD845179195CB5" ID-PubMed="32099514" ID-ZooBank="2C11E2A17D5D42A080ECE5FC618FF47B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-910-1" checkinTime="1581415676306" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Silva, Marcos Santos & Carbayo, Fernando" docDate="2020" docId="494E275D192851F0B259A3F7736F7F10" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 910: 1-42" docOrigin="ZooKeys 910" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.910.39486" docTitle="Pseudogeoplana schirchi" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="5E9B7F572E9952BD87FD845179195CB5" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="5E9B7F572E9952BD87FD845179195CB5" masterDocTitle="X-ray microcomputed tomography applied to the taxonomic study of rare material: redescriptions of seven of Schirch's Brazilian species of land planarians (Geoplanidae, Platyhelminthes)" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668168404165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>X-ray microcomputed tomography applied to the taxonomic study of rare material: redescriptions of seven of Schirch's Brazilian species of land planarians (Geoplanidae, Platyhelminthes)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Silva, Marcos Santos</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Carbayo, Fernando</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>910</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>42</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.910.39486</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.910.39486</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-910-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2C11E2A17D5D42A080ECE5FC618FF47B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5E9B7F572E9952BD87FD845179195CB5</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="162074486" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:494E275D192851F0B259A3F7736F7F10" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/494E275D192851F0B259A3F7736F7F10" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="494E275D-1928-51F0-B259-A3F7736F7F10" authority="(Schirch, 1929)" baseAuthorityName="Schirch" baseAuthorityYear="1929" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudogeoplana schirchi" order="Tricladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schirchi">Pseudogeoplana schirchi (Schirch, 1929)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pseudogeoplana schirchi (Schirch 1929), Holotype. A Original illustration of Ps. schirchi by Schirch (1929) B dorsal view of fixed holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.39486.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378104" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 25</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pseudogeoplana schirchi (Schirch 1929). Holotype. A Photomicrograph of a sagittal section of anterior extremity B virtual sagittal section showing pharyngeal region, pixel size: 9 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.39486.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 26</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName family="Geoplanidae" genus="Geoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geoplana maximiliani" order="Tricladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="maximiliani">Geoplana maximiliani</taxonomicName>
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Schirch, 1929: 30; taf. 2, fig, 10. Type locality:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Teresópolis">Teresopolis</normalizedToken>
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, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schirch" baseAuthorityYear="1929" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudogeoplana schirchi" order="Tricladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schirchi">Pseudogeoplana schirchi</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Ogren, RE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Fuji Women's University Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="79 - 166" refId="B27" refString="Ogren, RE, Kawakatsu, M, 1990. Index to the species of the family Geoplanidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola) Part I: Geoplaninae. Bulletin of Fuji Women's University Series 1 (28): 79 - 166" title="Index to the species of the family Geoplanidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola) Part I: Geoplaninae." volume="1" year="1990">Ogren and Kawakatsu 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 159. nom. nov.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Type material. Single holotype received on loan in 70 % ethanol and, subsequently, three-dimensional (3D) images and virtual sections of syntype MNRJ 217 were obtained by microcomputed tomography.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">MNRJ 217</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">holotype</emphasis>
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, here designated by monotypy:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Teresópolis">Teresopolis</normalizedToken>
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, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. P. Schirch
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coll</emphasis>
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(unknown). Sagittal sections of anterior extremity on 97 slides; horizontal sections of pre-pharyngeal region on 15 slides. Remaining part of body preserved in 80 % ethanol.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="external aspect">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">External aspect.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Fixed holotype measured 45 mm long, 6 mm wide and 0.9 mm high. Elongated body, with parallel margins; anterior extremity tapers, posterior rounded. Dorsum convex, ventral side flat. Dorsum has yellow olive color, except in some parts where epithelium is lost (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pseudogeoplana schirchi (Schirch 1929), Holotype. A Original illustration of Ps. schirchi by Schirch (1929) B dorsal view of fixed holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.39486.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378104" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25B</figureCitation>
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). Ventral side brown grey with some darker regions. Relative position of mouth: body length, 58 %.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.910.39486.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378104" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 25" startId="F25">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 25.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schirch" baseAuthorityYear="1929" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudogeoplana schirchi" order="Tricladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schirchi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudogeoplana schirchi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Schirch, PF" journalOrPublisher="Stain Technology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B31" refString="Schirch, PF, 1929. Sobre as planarias terrestres do Brasil. Boletim do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 5, 27-38." title="Sobre as planarias terrestres do Brasil. Boletim do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 5, 27 - 38." year="1929">Schirch 1929</bibRefCitation>
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), Holotype.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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Original illustration of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Ps. schirchi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="schirchi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ps. schirchi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation author="Schirch, PF" journalOrPublisher="Stain Technology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B31" refString="Schirch, PF, 1929. Sobre as planarias terrestres do Brasil. Boletim do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 5, 27-38." title="Sobre as planarias terrestres do Brasil. Boletim do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 5, 27 - 38." year="1929">Schirch (1929)</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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dorsal view of fixed holotype.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="internal morphology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Internal morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Creeping sole comprised ~88 % body width. Histological sections of holotype are of poor quality. Cutaneous musculature comprises three layers: a subepithelial circular layer, followed by a diagonal layer of decussate fibers and a clearly distinguishable innermost longitudinal layer. Muscle fibers of the longitudinal layer (90
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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thick dorsally; 70
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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thick ventrally) arranged into bundles (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pseudogeoplana schirchi (Schirch 1929). Holotype. A Photomicrograph of a sagittal section of anterior extremity B virtual sagittal section showing pharyngeal region, pixel size: 9 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.39486.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26A</figureCitation>
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). No muscle modifications at the anterior extremity of the body.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Mouth situated at a distance from the root of the pharynx equivalent to 56 % of the pharyngeal pocket length (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pseudogeoplana schirchi (Schirch 1929). Holotype. A Photomicrograph of a sagittal section of anterior extremity B virtual sagittal section showing pharyngeal region, pixel size: 9 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.39486.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26B</figureCitation>
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). Pharynx cylindrical, occupying ~90 % of pharyngeal pocket. Esophagus, apparently absent. Copulatory apparatus not developed, neither are testes or ovaries.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.910.39486.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 26" startId="F26">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 26.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schirch" baseAuthorityYear="1929" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudogeoplana schirchi" order="Tricladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schirchi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudogeoplana schirchi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Schirch, PF" journalOrPublisher="Stain Technology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B31" refString="Schirch, PF, 1929. Sobre as planarias terrestres do Brasil. Boletim do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 5, 27-38." title="Sobre as planarias terrestres do Brasil. Boletim do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 5, 27 - 38." year="1929">Schirch 1929</bibRefCitation>
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). Holotype.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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Photomicrograph of a sagittal section of anterior extremity
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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virtual sagittal section showing pharyngeal region, pixel size: 9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Schirch did not provide any measurement or description of the specimen he studied but illustrated its dorsal aspect (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pseudogeoplana schirchi (Schirch 1929), Holotype. A Original illustration of Ps. schirchi by Schirch (1929) B dorsal view of fixed holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.39486.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378104" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25A</figureCitation>
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). The specimen presents parallel body sides, whereas the figure shows a slightly lanceolate specimen. This situation casts some doubts on the labeling (as is the case of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Ps. blaseri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="blaseri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ps. blaseri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, see above). The specimen was apparently dehydrated for an uncertain period. This might explain the differences in body shape.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Most features diagnosing the subfamily
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1857" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Geoplaninae">Geoplaninae</taxonomicName>
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were observed in the holotype, namely, creeping sole covering most of ventral surface, mouth posterior to mid-body, and a well-developed cutaneous musculature organized into bundles. The immaturity of the specimen makes it impossible to know the position of the testes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The specimen collected in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Teresópolis">Teresopolis</normalizedToken>
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was identified by Schirch as
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<taxonomicName family="Geoplanidae" genus="Geoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geoplana maximiliani" order="Tricladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="maximiliani">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Geoplana maximiliani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Schultze &
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
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, 1857 (currently placed in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ogren & Kawakatsu" authorityYear="1990" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudogeoplana" order="Tricladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudogeoplana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), originally from Blumenau, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2526-3382.bffclzoologia.1959.120326" author="Froehlich, CG" journalOrPublisher="Zoologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="223 - 225" refId="B15" refString="Froehlich, CG, 1959. On Geoplanids from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Zoologia 22 (22): 223 - 225, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2526-3382.bffclzoologia.1959.120326" title="On Geoplanids from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2526-3382.bffclzoologia.1959.120326" volume="22" year="1959">Froehlich (1959)</bibRefCitation>
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considered the shape and color pattern of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Schirch’s">Schirch's</normalizedToken>
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specimen as compatible with Schultze and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller’s">Mueller's</normalizedToken>
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species, but refrained from confirming its conspecificity because the internal morphology of the specimens from both localities was unknown, plus they were collected far from each other (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2526-3382.bffclzoologia.1959.120326" author="Froehlich, CG" journalOrPublisher="Zoologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="223 - 225" refId="B15" refString="Froehlich, CG, 1959. On Geoplanids from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Zoologia 22 (22): 223 - 225, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2526-3382.bffclzoologia.1959.120326" title="On Geoplanids from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2526-3382.bffclzoologia.1959.120326" volume="22" year="1959">Froehlich 1959</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation author="Ogren, RE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Fuji Women's University Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="79 - 166" refId="B27" refString="Ogren, RE, Kawakatsu, M, 1990. Index to the species of the family Geoplanidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola) Part I: Geoplaninae. Bulletin of Fuji Women's University Series 1 (28): 79 - 166" title="Index to the species of the family Geoplanidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola) Part I: Geoplaninae." volume="1" year="1990">Ogren and Kawakatsu (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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endorsed
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Froehlich’s">Froehlich's</normalizedToken>
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opinion and gave a new name, namely
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schirch" baseAuthorityYear="1929" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudogeoplana schirchi" order="Tricladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schirchi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudogeoplana schirchi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, to the specimen from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Teresópolis">Teresopolis</normalizedToken>
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to avoid further confusion. As no further morphological details could be observed, the species will remain in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ogren & Kawakatsu" authorityYear="1990" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudogeoplana" order="Tricladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudogeoplana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |