162 lines
18 KiB
XML
162 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="CFFA671F4F6E96EEB3A79BFAD70551A1" ENCODING="UTF8" ID-CLB-Dataset="51834" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3699.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5918b440-d835-4e34-9618-f1b58aab1bed" ID-HNS-Pub="27552" checkinTime="1409237179507" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Longino, John T" docDate="2013" docId="63E22A50F997F62C0A71DD541F13B3CC" docLanguage="en" docName="27552.htm.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3699" docTitle="Octostruma amrishi" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="EE74F677DCA4F13702125E9CE8D29A0F" masterDocTitle="A revision of the ant genus Octostruma Forel 1912 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1732670014528" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="C7E0679293E7EC9F64F88DE61A500B28" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0A48AFF23310C974FA4340BFA8C6DB63">
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<mods:title id="C5C1146EA184D616ACB0E05A9E7DEBC0">A revision of the ant genus Octostruma Forel 1912 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="149A44DAEFE829D1F072B11B64E00B5B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4C39CC647D11360EA6014DFCCDE36E2C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E5F7EA45D25ADA9615B8466730FC6BFB">Longino, John T</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7EBF21621F1E3DC545BA7B6322C7D04F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0D79BD2414BF9025A00E919CBED29EF6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3CAD55234F3EFC6DF0B335B27C63F5C9">
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<mods:date id="B3A9B77CC29F9FF168314D582BCA07DB">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="031C3488E9E2E66E1945671C9E56049F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="58C2F18E4E3D374B15D452095B06D341">3699</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7C07E265E4763EDC1C8AA4D08C4D1CA2">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="69336E5C60EA455DCE1C5585BD74CFC6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="138EB30626B9E1CC045DD6901AEBFD3A" type="HNS-Pub">27552</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="10780D5EA58D9675264EA145030C138F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3699.1.1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="63E22A50F997F62C0A71DD541F13B3CC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6160139" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114913865" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6160139" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:63E22A50F997F62C0A71DD541F13B3CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/63E22A50F997F62C0A71DD541F13B3CC" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="CDAB63D4EB703B9A5171BDE83BC744A6" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="18DAF7FA98027E7F9CB31BF4DA7A00F7" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="mainText">
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<taxonomicName id="DD3CD661C84B11506861803A0DCE4E6D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amrishi">Octostruma amrishi</taxonomicName>
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(Makhan, 2007) Revised Status
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EAD2E74BF42F2DE0F4C81DCBF040E346" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A8B673BD73D8CAEF0A838AC3E7DB310A" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="mainText">(Figs 1E, 3D, 5C, 15, 42)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5CA55B7DD4F151572610F0E36A789653" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0B4283C5EE5E70EBEBFF6AAF5907D8F4" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="mainText">
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<taxonomicName id="33C793A9DEEBE4F7EFA94BA7A480E884" authority="Makhan" authorityName="Makhan" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pyramica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amrishi">Pyramica amrishi Makhan</taxonomicName>
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2007:1, figs. 1,2. Holotype worker: Suriname, Kasikasima, 27 Mar 1996 (D. Makhan) [repository unknown; see discussion in Bolton et al., 2008] (not examined). Combination in
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<taxonomicName id="60466378DB3D6B8C7639215947069411" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Octostruma</taxonomicName>
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; junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="37CAD81C447735A1ADBB4B53D3D3E424" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">Octostruma balzani</taxonomicName>
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: Bolton, Sosa-Calvo, et al. 2008: 62. Revised Status.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0D18ED3446AF45A43D82FF9FB8D80ADD" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="2ED7FB26C1FF52ED1134A3CF8D246CCB" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="mainText">Geographic range. Honduras to southern Peru and Amazonian Brazil.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="03DE4B8F68CF7CF6B2162138850F9DAD" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F3E841395FB2BA68C0C34A61F2497066" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="mainText">
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Description. Worker. HW 0.54-0.64, HL 0.50-0.60, WL 0.54-0.70, CI 106-110 (n=8). Matching in most respects the description for
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<taxonomicName id="4E68BC16F99FF83C03225130993F0F1D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">O. balzani</taxonomicName>
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; mandible with 8 teeth (Fig. 3D), tooth 1 a broad blunt lamella, strongly differentiated from tooth 2, teeth 2-5 acute, similar in shape, with denticles between them; teeth 5-8 forming an apical fork, with 5 and 8 large, 6 and 7 small partially confluent denticles (
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<taxonomicName id="03CD2F04A515D11ECABB878463F66AC1" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">O. balzani</taxonomicName>
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complex); face setation as in Fig. 5C, lacking erect setae on posterolateral margins of head (present in
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<taxonomicName id="317D7B46747B0233C1B3EB7DBC64E7AA" authority=", O. megabalzani" authorityName=", O. megabalzani" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">
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O. balzani
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<authority id="5F9157B9109BEE57C2D431242A619536" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">, O. megabalzani</authority>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="81E5B9855073AE11C6A9CEAEC6056E86" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trithrix">O. trithrix</taxonomicName>
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), a medial pair present on vertex margin (lacking in
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<taxonomicName id="C84DEB48FB8966375BF6AFB483D0F57C" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gymnogon">O. gymnogon</taxonomicName>
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); mesosomal dorsum usually lacking a pair of erect setae (present in
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<taxonomicName id="B3FC5A8A9411ADD57873483BA7E79DD9" authority=", O. megabalzani" authorityName=", O. megabalzani" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">
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O. balzani
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<authority id="616CAB022BD594959C5DB99FADC60B87" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">, O. megabalzani</authority>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="32E17C2B1E2A1B73A73A5FE981B47FEA" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trithrix">O. trithrix</taxonomicName>
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); metanotal groove usually not impressed in profile view (impressed in
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<taxonomicName id="F754087DB08A3D0E3639844661A729B3" authority=", O. megabalzani" authorityName=", O. megabalzani" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">
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O. balzani
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<authority id="8C16A07DA29BAABD8640E7546FE02DF8" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">, O. megabalzani</authority>
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</taxonomicName>
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). When sympatric with
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<taxonomicName id="514A816359112C1178E5F0A41B363934" authority=", O. amrishi" authorityName=", O. amrishi" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">
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O. balzani
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<authority id="D36347EA4D2127226B4FDEB603C0CAAC" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">, O. amrishi</authority>
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</taxonomicName>
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is often a lighter red brown.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="C60FAA10DEACBACFBFF5B281FE9A2FE7" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">
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<paragraph id="BF6DFAA3254294907640B1C89222DF97" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" type="caption">
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<pageBreakToken id="BF97CB596D9216380CA90BF0F95717E0" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" start="start">FIGURE</pageBreakToken>
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14. Full face view of
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<taxonomicName id="9C060D24828DCBEA6C65D6BC92F29FD1" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Octostruma</taxonomicName>
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queens.
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<taxonomicName id="51BA5207B65C06BCE12D4C5B3D9E5589" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wheeleri">A. O. wheeleri</taxonomicName>
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. B.
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<taxonomicName id="DBFC5D8F1F07DDB2F1D3F42BE5DA0C64" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtinotum">O. cyrtinotum</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="FC5E464985ADFACFA1776D760A3C8BC9" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iheringi">C. O. iheringi</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="777A30EDF063C6F6AC1A8D96D6998770" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani" tribe="Dacetini">D. O. balzani</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="E4B7FB22EA10FBD0E18EA3569DAEEBE7" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusidens" subGenus="Octostruma">E. O. obtusidens</taxonomicName>
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. F.
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<taxonomicName id="A99E1E71E029156EA2FA77373D39DD8E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excertirugis">O. excertirugis</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="99A767E7ED82F1584F386309C408ED8D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugiferoides">G. O. rugiferoides</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="DF36524B8236757E216B77B9CFCA7355" genus="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="convallis" subGenus="Octostruma">H. O. convallis</taxonomicName>
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. I.
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<taxonomicName id="EC0573709E7E4BAED21FF16D8DDCFCBB" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ascrobis">O. ascrobis</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bars are 0.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="E00314CEA6B702F339C3C1B73CD942E0" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">
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<paragraph id="CAE83879B6F671C4F5496D6F100CAD9C" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" type="caption">
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FIGURE 15.
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<taxonomicName id="D3DEF6DF2892123E9422244BF06FEC57" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amrishi">Octostruma amrishi</taxonomicName>
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, worker (INBIOCRI001259486, Costa Rica), face and lateral views. Scale bar = 0.25 mm face view, 0.5 mm lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="9840E72962A87CFA13744252D0EC4EC2" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" type="mainText">
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Queen (previously undescribed). HW 0.60, HL 0.56, WL 0.73, CI 106 (n=1). Similar in all respects to
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<taxonomicName id="7A72C29F586ED804421A0515A1EE88BF" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">O. balzani</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AE6EAAFAAC20543CC9396761F74C2DC8" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="6C28746BCFA533AFBFE6C59241770FD3" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" type="mainText">
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Biology.
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<taxonomicName id="939EF13200FD3DF02BF206C4FE7A5E52" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amrishi">Octostruma amrishi</taxonomicName>
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is a lowland to lower montane species. It occurs mostly in mature wet forest, less often in second growth forest. In the northern part of the range in Central America, where
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<taxonomicName id="74EE88CE38E723AB07478E3231C4670D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gymnogon">O. gymnogon</taxonomicName>
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does not
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<pageBreakToken id="862C292BFEDF000FD52573FE2F8CBEFF" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" start="start">occur</pageBreakToken>
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, it extends into cloud forest to 1500 m. In southern Central America, where
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<taxonomicName id="96C4BC88E0AE261F0B8CC327D3CCFD14" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gymnogon">O. gymnogon</taxonomicName>
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occurs, it exhibits an elevationally parapatric distribution with
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<taxonomicName id="3EC3B1904C51EA0CABD5B1B91524B017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gymnogon">O. gymnogon</taxonomicName>
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and is restricted to elevations below 600 m. Almost all collections are from Berlese and Winkler samples of sifted litter and rotten wood from the forest floor. Dealate queens and intercaste workers occasionally occur together with workers in litter samples. One collection was of foragers on clay soil in a rainforest. See additional comments under
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<taxonomicName id="0CD9F9A7DB24CC91EE38C422E2A1268B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">O. balzani</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="82AAB6D3ADA7D13CDF98DB2C2FDADF6B" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="AA72B1D4D60121F9A5ACB7169E2B1C04" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" type="mainText">
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Comments. Sampling of
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<taxonomicName id="03E142D652AD26702ACCFED77DB55419" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Octostruma</taxonomicName>
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is less thorough in South America than in Central America, but specimens that match the morphology of
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<taxonomicName id="7B20795A13F5A2F6454626253CEDE19E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amrishi">O. amrishi</taxonomicName>
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occur in lowland to midmontane rainforest in northern South America and throughout the Amazonian lowlands. Specimens from the southern portion of the range, including Amazonian Brazil and the eastern and western foothills of the Ecuadorian Andes, show reduced punctation on the first gastral tergite, becoming smooth and shining on a variable extent of the posterior portion of the tergite. See additional comments under
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<taxonomicName id="8DA8D81BEDA59211C207B2290540BDB3" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">O. balzani</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1F66F7D7837A7C2623C060B6C8EB123C" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" type="mainText">
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Although the type of
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<taxonomicName id="1150AE4A02B928192504F137F4C0BA0E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amrishi">O. amrishi</taxonomicName>
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was not examined, if it exists, the characteristic setal pattern can be seen on the figures in the original publication.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |