190 lines
17 KiB
XML
190 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="ACF789696876BFE4B07A37C8D8EBE79D" ID-CLB-Dataset="33801" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.239.3734" ID-GBIF-Dataset="58b3b015-a919-456b-9175-f96878341e31" ID-PMC="PMC3497256" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-239-1" ID-PubMed="23226711" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-239-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 239" ModsDocTitle="Polyaxone monaxonids: revision of raspailiid sponges with polyactine megascleres ( Cyamon and Trikentrion)" checkinTime="1451248578713" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Soest, Rob van, Carballo, Jose Luis & Hooper, John" docDate="2012" docId="2203E72F032E81B6D7151497FD5EF7DC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 239: 1-70" docOrigin="ZooKeys 239" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.239.3734" docTitle="Trikentrion catalina Sim & Bakus 1986" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="3639FF9B0F54FFEACF6A573ADC3CDF3D" masterDocTitle="Polyaxone monaxonids: revision of raspailiid sponges with polyactine megascleres (Cyamon and Trikentrion)" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1732685788563" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="4D2DF0589CCFA7C8590D84F2D7A808F8">Polyaxone monaxonids: revision of raspailiid sponges with polyactine megascleres (Cyamon and Trikentrion)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BDD67C4B90684AC0129D2D823CFE2E15">Soest, Rob van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="35F064858816566CDEB0385E5DC69D99">Carballo, Jose Luis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1EFAF503E15DC3DC1C045A5E11B1B0CC">Hooper, John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2E410FF06C9C8DC757E60A56310F8A3D">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D5153EFC445E7B620C71B211106D9EE4">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C813895D63D740906B05A5E3EE3763EB">239</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="79885C039096C76CFF32F444999BAC91">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.239.3734</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="5EDD259A60692BCF0ED6D6169F9285FB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BC076BF1700948F8380AFCE36A45F7D8" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.239.3734</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6DFC8E89124D69A352C9AC1650F1D8DC" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-239-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2203E72F032E81B6D7151497FD5EF7DC" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037784" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2203E72F032E81B6D7151497FD5EF7DC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2203E72F032E81B6D7151497FD5EF7DC" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<subSubSection id="5E4DF7EE808337A1639D1E225A47F160" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B0EA02198A2530792BF94C419E493B0E" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="7A2B03BB0F836D90099DC18F1D965EA9" ID-CoL="7D65V" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Trikentrion_catalina" authority="Sim & Bakus, 1986" authorityName="Sim & Bakus" authorityYear="1986" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Trikentrion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trikentrion catalina" order="Axinellida" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="catalina">Trikentrion catalina (Sim & Bakus, 1986)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 25
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<normalizedToken id="0DAA94280A9D98702D3D8EC785E31337" originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="08D511AB9E35F2125E5CD2AA3A467B87" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F36AE39F383B21CFA64B5EBDD33AC4C5" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="32F0FE5C74553EE81824029267CB291F" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Cyamon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyamon catalina" order="Axinellida" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="catalina">Cyamon catalina</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="0F0822DBE9A1FEE2C2D004C2EC207152" author="Sim, CJ" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 23" title="Marine sponges of Santa Catalina Island, California." volume="5" year="1986">Sim and Bakus 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 18, fig. 4;
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<bibRefCitation id="89D915CF020731311C8F741F856ED8BF" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Lee et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 211 (California).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A9C6C6826BB1E7DE337981F335E8F61E" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="D20D1FC214B3577F578634D9A5687206" lsidName="Not (Trikentrion) catalina" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="catalina" subGenus="Trikentrion">Not: Trikentrion catalina</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="CF652FDFA5ECEB8B82FCC12B9BC3A843" author="Gomez, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="223 - 237" title="New records for the sponge fauna (Porifea: Demospongiae) of the Pacific coast of Mexico (eastern Pacific Ocean)." volume="115" year="2002">
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<normalizedToken id="3AFDB5D93931FE62E0D377B69ACA6157" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
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et al. 2002
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</bibRefCitation>
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=
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<taxonomicName id="7D8894C7B2184BFA065713FE01D79102" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Trikentrion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trikentrion helium" order="Axinellida" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="helium">Trikentrion helium</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2ABA59290E13513C3CA75DBA7E4C8ED4" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="material examined">
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<paragraph id="1E35AFBA075823844D5BA93F0306FE81" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E69B39816DAD02654089CCA0E04FA5B3" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Holotype USNM 33631, preserved in alcohol, California, Santa Catalina Island, Bird Rock,
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<geoCoordinate id="F84BF81F4BEA4E521FCEBE6CE0D91753" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="33.45">33.45°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="87098DEE0CFE693072CF0404C5C5E140" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-118.4833">118.4833°W</geoCoordinate>
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, on rocky cliff at 50 m depth, coll. K. McCleneghan.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4BC7ADEA3490C937749FAAC7C093956D" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Not examined: paratype BMNH 1985 (reg. nr. unknown), Santa Catalina Island, Ship Rock, on rock at 46 m depth, coll. R. Given.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BFD35A3888196266859F2A6F9C638D33" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9BD26744D86FE43652FBB03B20A66015" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5FE48E41702166F11BCEF2861A9E4100" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Flabelliform sponge (Fig. 25A), measuring 15
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<normalizedToken id="1723F8CE48CCC53217679887C8F956A4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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8 by 0.4 cm, attached to rocks by a 3
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<normalizedToken id="94CD155ADE7DFE65AEAFFF24FE55D4D4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.6 cm stalk. Surface hispid. No oscules apparent. Consistency firm and leathery. Color reddish orange (alive), pale beige (alcohol).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A90B5D46C1636EDBD4EFC86638A4831A" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Skeleton (Fig. 25B): choanosome densely packed with three-claded polyactines; ectosome with long, relatively thick styles surrounded by dense bouquets of short thin styles; trichodragmata commonly observed especially in the peripheral parts.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="033B372B0228FA240A62F97C11444C38" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Spicules: long (thin) styles, short thin styles, polyactines, trichodragmas.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AB6A467943711F243B39CF4A58020E26" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Long (thin) styles (Fig. 25C), usually broken and only a few could be measured: 1400-5400
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<normalizedToken id="70E4536C4688E8B7935CCFDE5A998646" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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8-40
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<normalizedToken id="0E86016EFBD6C75432AA3F6A021636C2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, so not really thin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="268B507338CEF7EE34EEF52414D423C3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<pageBreakToken id="D27B952F2518D836332A73B7F3592EF4" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" start="start">Short</pageBreakToken>
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thin styles (Fig. 25D), 130
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<normalizedToken id="E3D98CF68E436C83595E66BA93F9B409" originalValue="–611.3–">-611.3-</normalizedToken>
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730
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<normalizedToken id="E4B5A03B0E979011B3326FCEB5A1AA1C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3
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<normalizedToken id="2435C929728072A2ED54B71DBD9D7019" originalValue="–5.6–">-5.6-</normalizedToken>
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8
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<normalizedToken id="49213A25002D242E98776ECEB72D3FC8" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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,
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D5EE29C1A1550A8FC90AD51EFEB51466" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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Polyactines (Figs 25E, E1), predominantly three-claded, with spined shorter basal cladi (Fig. 25E1), occasionally with few or no spines on the basal cladi, and smooth, longer, relatively pointed lateral cladi; occasionally four-claded; size basal cladi 78
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<normalizedToken id="317D64285B5F97A992BE17C20152ECD0" originalValue="–98.7–">-98.7-</normalizedToken>
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126
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<normalizedToken id="D40D81E93BB524F5FA167A20099100AF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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16
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<normalizedToken id="C4C881168121B62FAC052A8277621895" originalValue="–25.3–">-25.3-</normalizedToken>
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31
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<normalizedToken id="0140F6AE9B971D4F97EEE8AC5D5AA20A" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, lateral cladi 156
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<normalizedToken id="EA020B5E7AF24F1968C964E0450B536B" originalValue="–197.7–">-197.7-</normalizedToken>
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236
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<normalizedToken id="8DE68D007C0880654B4B38C12A8EFD3D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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18
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<normalizedToken id="AC55922907F562B7D58920C9BCCD914E" originalValue="–24.4–">-24.4-</normalizedToken>
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29
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<normalizedToken id="13825CC6DA9AFD33550CC35477787CB2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1442798032DC91F4D8D0BE8E5F30B22B" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<pageBreakToken id="0A50DB5AE5A3ACB21F078C95EE7FAE23" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" start="start">Trichodragmas</pageBreakToken>
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: straight, with lightly spined raphides (Figs 25F, F1), 63
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<normalizedToken id="3F9668D9254EDEDB085492456BB3B18B" originalValue="–79.3–">-79.3-</normalizedToken>
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88
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<normalizedToken id="5FD3D43E02C4A72708D59435CC74FDAF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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7
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<normalizedToken id="26AA8C88F12821F3EA69223B939B8B19" originalValue="–10.2–">-10.2-</normalizedToken>
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13
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<normalizedToken id="09C1EFF6476A73B95531E74BD4B7A734" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B92B68415FCB15991623BEF0B7C6F93C" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="03D77FA423524089378E40F2B849E48C" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="24F1A704F30B0F51DF2CDB8075D9E535" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Santa Catalina Island, Southern California.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="214DB1978FB8BBE256525D9F3FEE6423" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="ecology">
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<paragraph id="5C885D084264F4D5CB31489B3075369F" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B48DD03DE8EF694639B70CBA415A9CB1" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">On rocks, from 46-50 m depth.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C90AA93E79C841038ADF238E0BBBE25A" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="53E7872933E43E106F7C94D105D500A1" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B79C3D3BEFDF847CBB71B2D754A9DB72" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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This species is assigned to
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<taxonomicName id="28911BF1475B458A46641B9D864AF957" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Trikentrion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trikentrion" order="Axinellida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Trikentrion</taxonomicName>
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, because of the flabellate shape resembling
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<taxonomicName id="165DFD35878DCB3696DE4B5AC9EAD1FD" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Trikentrion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trikentrion flabelliforme" order="Axinellida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flabelliforme">Trikentrion flabelliforme</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="BA0C00AAA3FEA103DCE44DBB7A931091" author="Hentschel, E" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="293 - 448" title="Kiesel- und Hornschwaemme der Aru- und Kei-Inseln." volume="34" year="1912">Hentschel (1912)</bibRefCitation>
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, the sagittal polyactines, three-claded with spines only on the basal cladus, and the possession of trichodragmas. It is similar to
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<taxonomicName id="EE4B24FF9E82D72101015A9C119A66F3" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Trikentrion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trikentrion helium" order="Axinellida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="helium">Trikentrion helium</taxonomicName>
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in the lack of genuine choanosomal oxeas, and the short basal cladi of the polyactines. Remarkably, when describing
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<taxonomicName id="B6912B6119649CEBCCC76B67D5C2CEB9" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Trikentrion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trikentrion catalina" order="Axinellida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="catalina">Trikentrion catalina</taxonomicName>
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, Sim & Bakus (1986) did not notice - they did not discuss
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<taxonomicName id="1A3371FE08C1AFB671C115FCDC145509" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Trikentrion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trikentrion helium" order="Axinellida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="helium">Trikentrion helium</taxonomicName>
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- the similarities with their species. Specimens assigned to
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<taxonomicName id="3878B295B81C5AF0F3DC3A352F6CCE44" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Trikentrion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trikentrion catalina" order="Axinellida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="catalina">Trikentrion catalina</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="BA95D227992706993C414EF233BA0E8A" author="Gomez, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="223 - 237" title="New records for the sponge fauna (Porifea: Demospongiae) of the Pacific coast of Mexico (eastern Pacific Ocean)." volume="115" year="2002">
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<normalizedToken id="C344F7C9496C8D02A8BFCAD22C1835D5" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
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et al. (2002)
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</bibRefCitation>
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are considered to be long to
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<taxonomicName id="08A52EAF90B89111D9A25BCA99F2840A" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Trikentrion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trikentrion helium" order="Axinellida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="helium">Trikentrion helium</taxonomicName>
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(see above).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="E69217F8B6FCF130B303EC4279BD5031" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<paragraph id="5DF0607FBFD5DDBF31EB899B65CC3CA1" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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Figure 25.
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<taxonomicName id="19D433718075773BA916883A8FEE2906" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Trikentrion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trikentrion catalina" order="Axinellida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="catalina">Trikentrion catalina</taxonomicName>
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(Sim & Bakus, 1986), holotype USNM 33631, A shape of holotype specimen (scale bar = 1 cm) B cross section of skeleton C detail of head of long thin style D details of short thin style E three- and four-claded polyactines E1 detail of spined basal clade of polyactine F raphide F1 detail of raphide showing spination.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |