368 lines
38 KiB
XML
368 lines
38 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="05BE90959917B237E28269BB5DBB948A">Generic Revision Of The Dioptinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea: Notodontidae) Part 2: Josiini</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9F923B7989F4D5DC3EE49C7775738D4B">Miller, James S</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="78098F656335ACAAEFF403A5E838F122">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="23F68DE32C3C3EE178F78A393CA0D7AD">
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<mods:date id="F54BE568BECEB060F7C388744C2A2640">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F4373B6721E71CDE88920EA72499944B">2009-06-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="89A27F1978394D47E9F742E5892F0B12">2009</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6F60D4AD36F8F38163F41DE7A864066B">321</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F45EA2E7349BF6EBC4B718B9F5127616">675</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="4D24EE2C2D988C6CE2B80FB5E4AC8B47" type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FF87E0FFD19E25BCCE1745FD6E4BCD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF87E0FFD19E25BCCE1745FD6E4BCD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF87E0FFD19E25BCCE1745FD6E4BCD" lastPageNumber="775" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
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<subSubSection id="C34C657DFFD19E25BCCE1745FE454878" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BCCE1745FE454878" blockId="100.[190,591,1335,1388]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
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<heading id="D0A1819AFFD19E25BCCE1745FE454878" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BCCE1745FE31485E" ID-CoL="BWS3J" authority="Druce" authorityName="Druce FW" authorityYear="1885" box="[190,425,1335,1357]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornax">
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BCCE1745FECD485F" box="[190,341,1335,1357]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Lyces fornax</emphasis>
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Druce
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BDC6174AFDD7485F" bold="true" box="[438,591,1335,1357]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">revised status</emphasis>
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Plates 30, 39K
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34C657DFFD19E25BCF017F9FDB848A6" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BCF017F9FDB848A6" blockId="100.[128,646,1411,1492]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4611D8FFD19E25BCF017F9FDB848A6" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF710E7FFD19E25BCF017F9FE4A4885" author="Druce, H." box="[128,466,1411,1430]" page="525" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" year="1885">
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BCF017F9FE4A4885" ID-CoL="BWS3J" authority="Druce, 1885 b: 525" authorityName="Druce FW" authorityPageNumber="525" authorityYear="1885" box="[128,466,1411,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornax">
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BCF017F9FE9F4885" box="[128,263,1411,1430]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Lyces fornax</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B07FFD19E25BD7E17FEFE4A4885" author="Druce, H." box="[270,466,1411,1430]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" pagination="518 - 536" refId="ref138768" refString="Druce, H. 1885 b. Descriptions of new species of Lepidoptera Heterocera, chiefly from South America. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1885: 518 - 536." type="book chapter" year="1885">Druce, 1885b: 525</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 32, fig. 11.
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<typeStatus id="54ED8854FFD19E25BCEC17E0FF4448A0" box="[156,220,1437,1461]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">TYPE</typeStatus>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD19E25BC9517E0FEC548A7" baselines="1455,1456" box="[229,349,1437,1461]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Locality" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD19E25BD1E17E2FE4C48A6" box="[366,468,1439,1461]" name="Ecuador" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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||
, Intaj.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34C657DFFD19E25BCEC17C1FD1E48C0" box="[156,646,1467,1492]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BCEC17C1FD1E48C0" blockId="100.[128,646,1411,1492]" box="[156,646,1467,1492]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
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<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD19E25BCEC17C1FF4348C1" box="[156,219,1468,1492]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">TYPE</collectionCode>
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</smallCapsWord>
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:
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||
<typeStatus id="54ED8854FFD19E25BC9C17C3FED148C0" box="[236,329,1470,1491]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
³, leg. Buckley (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD19E25BE6A17C3FDE148C0" box="[538,633,1470,1491]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
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).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34C657DFFD19E25BCF01797FD8D4B97" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BCF01797FD164B28" blockId="100.[128,654,1514,1625]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4611D8FFD19E25BCF01797FD164B28" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF710E7FFD19E25BCF01797FE7248ED" author="Warren, W." box="[128,490,1514,1535]" page="313" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" year="1905">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BCF01797FE7248ED" ID-CoL="BXNYP" authority="Warren, 1905: 313" authorityName="Warren" authorityPageNumber="313" authorityYear="1905" box="[128,490,1514,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Ephialtias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aperta">
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||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BCF01797FEB248ED" box="[128,298,1514,1534]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Ephialtias aperta</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3E3CABFFD19E25BD5D1791FE7248ED" box="[301,490,1515,1535]" collectingDate="1900-10" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="Garlepp" country="Peru" location="New" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cusco" typeStatus="holotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B07FFD19E25BD5D1791FE7248ED" author="Warren, W." box="[301,490,1515,1535]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" pagination="307 - 379" refId="ref153016" refString="Warren, W. 1905. New Thyrididae, Uraniidae, and Geometridae from South and Central America. Novitates Zoologicae 12: 41 - 72, 307 - 379." type="journal article" year="1905">Warren, 1905: 313</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BD801796FD1F48ED" bold="true" box="[496,647,1515,1534]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<location id="8E89602DFFD19E25BD801796FD8648ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF87E0FFD19E25BCCE1745FD6E4BCD:8E89602DFFD19E25BD801796FD8648ED" box="[496,542,1515,1534]" country="Peru" name="New" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" stateProvince="Cusco">New</location>
|
||
synonymy
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
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<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD19E25BC95147BFEC54B0F" baselines="1560,1560" box="[229,349,1542,1566]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Locality" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
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:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD19E25BD1E1475FE3F4B0E" box="[366,423,1544,1565]" name="Peru" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4992F814FFD19E25BDC41475FD994B0E" box="[436,513,1544,1565]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Cajon.
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD19E25BCEC1459FF434B29" baselines="1590,1590" box="[156,219,1572,1596]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
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||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54ED8854FFD19E25BC9A145BFEC04B2F" box="[234,344,1574,1596]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
³, leg.
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||
<collectorName id="26A35320FFD19E25BDC6145BFD814B2F" box="[438,537,1574,1596]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Garlepp</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE81036FFD19E25BE55145BFD164B28" box="[549,654,1574,1595]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" value="1900-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFACE9DEFFD19E25BE55145BFD164B28" box="[549,654,1574,1595]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" value="1900-10">Oct 1900</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BCF01439FF6C4B4A" blockId="100.[128,654,1514,1625]" box="[128,244,1604,1625]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">(BMNH).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BCF0140DFD8D4B97" blockId="100.[128,653,1648,1760]" box="[128,533,1648,1668]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4611D8FFD19E25BCF0140DFD8D4B97" box="[128,533,1648,1668]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF710E7FFD19E25BCF0140DFD894B97" author="Warren, W." box="[128,529,1648,1668]" page="16" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" year="1904">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BCF0140DFD894B97" authority="Warren, 1904: 16" authorityName="Warren" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="1904" box="[128,529,1648,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Ephialtias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latimargo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BCF0140DFEC84B97" box="[128,336,1648,1668]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Ephialtias latimargo</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B07FFD19E25BD28140CFD894B97" author="Warren, W." box="[344,529,1649,1668]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" pagination="493 - 582" refId="ref152989" refString="Warren, W. 1904. New American Thyrididae, Uraniidae, and Geometridae. Novitates Zoologicae 11: 1 - 173, 493 - 582." type="journal article" year="1904">Warren, 1904: 16</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C657DFFD19E25BCEC14F6FE7F4BCD" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BCEC14F6FE0E4BD2" blockId="100.[128,653,1648,1760]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
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<typeStatus id="54ED8854FFD19E25BCEC14F6FF444BB2" box="[156,220,1675,1699]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD19E25BCEC14F6FF444BB2" box="[156,220,1675,1699]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">TYPE</collectionCode>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
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</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD19E25BC9D14F6FEFD4BB1" baselines="1693,1694" box="[237,357,1675,1699]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Locality" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
|
||
: ‘‘Baiza’’,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD19E25BD8614F0FDC54BB0" box="[502,605,1677,1699]" name="Ecuador" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE81036FFD19E25BE0214F0FF734BD3" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" value="1900-01-16">16 Jan 1900</date>
|
||
, leg. Haensch.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BCEC14BAFE7F4BCD" blockId="100.[128,653,1648,1760]" box="[156,487,1735,1760]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD19E25BCEC14BAFF434BCE" baselines="1753,1753" box="[156,219,1735,1759]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD19E25BCEC14BAFF434BCE" box="[156,219,1735,1759]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">TYPE</collectionCode>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54ED8854FFD19E25BC9C14B4FED14BCD" box="[236,329,1737,1758]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
³ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD19E25BD0B14B4FE424BCD" box="[379,474,1737,1758]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C657DFFD19E25BEAA12AEFC964857" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BEAA12AEFBE04FAD" blockId="100.[701,1228,211,1758]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD19E25BEAA12AEFCF04DFA" baselines="229,229" box="[730,872,211,235]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Discussion" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">DISCUSSION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BF0612A8FB934DF9" authorityName="Druce FW" authorityYear="1885" box="[886,1035,213,234]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BF0612A8FB934DF9" box="[886,1035,213,234]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Lyces fornax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is striking as the only member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BFDF128CFC624C1B" box="[943,1018,241,264]" class="Insecta" family="Urodidae" genus="Patula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BFDF128CFC624C1B" box="[943,1018,241,264]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Patula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group to exhibit a transverse FW band (pls. 30, 31). Others show longitudinal or, occasionally, oblique stripes. Nevertheless, numerous synapomorphies, including the presence of an enlarged distal cornutus of the vesica (e.g., figs. 323B, 324B, 324G), support this placement for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25B8C213DFFC904CC7" authorityName="Druce FW" authorityYear="1885" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25B8C213DFFC904CC7" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">L. fornax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Interestingly, its wings are almost indistinguishable from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25B83213A1FB544CE1" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[1090,1228,475,498]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25B83213A1FB544CE1" box="[1090,1228,475,498]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">L. angulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(pl. 29), a Brazilian josiine in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25B8121385FB544F1C" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[1122,1228,504,527]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25B8121385FB544F1C" box="[1122,1228,504,527]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Angulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group. For that reason,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B07FFD19E25B86B106BFB544F3F" author="Hering, E. M." box="[1051,1228,534,556]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" pagination="501 - 534" refId="ref142624" refString="Hering, E. M. 1925. Dioptidae. In A. Seitz (editor), Macrolepidoptera of the world. Vol. 6: 501 - 534. Stuttgart: Alfred Kernen." type="book chapter" year="1925">Hering (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
assigned
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BF5E104EFCE24F5B" authorityName="Druce FW" authorityYear="1885" box="[814,890,563,584]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BF5E104EFCE24F5B" box="[814,890,563,584]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">fornax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BFB4104EFBB04F59" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[964,1064,563,586]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BFB4104EFBB04F59" box="[964,1064,563,586]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">angulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the same subgroup of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BF10102CFC034F75" authorityName="Hubner. My" authorityYear="1819" box="[864,923,593,614]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Josia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BF10102CFC034F75" box="[864,923,593,614]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Josia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, these pattern similarities appear to have arisen through convergence. Here,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BFD110F6FC754FB3" authorityName="Druce FW" authorityYear="1885" box="[929,1005,651,672]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BFD110F6FC754FB3" box="[929,1005,651,672]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">fornax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is transferred from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BECD10D4FD604FAD" authorityName="Hubner. My" authorityYear="1819" box="[701,760,681,702]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Josia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BECD10D4FD604FAD" box="[701,760,681,702]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Josia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BF5210D4FCFC4FAD" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[802,868,681,702]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BF5210D4FCFC4FAD" box="[802,868,681,702]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Lyces</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a new combination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BEAB10BAFB53494B" blockId="100.[701,1228,211,1758]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
||
As with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BFEC10BAFBD94FCE" box="[924,1089,711,733]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BFEC10BAFC464FCF" box="[924,990,711,732]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Lyces</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25B82610BAFB544FCF" authorityName="Druce FW" authorityYear="1885" box="[1110,1228,711,732]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25B82610BAFB544FCF" box="[1110,1228,711,732]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">L. fornax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows considerable variation in the width of the yellow transverse FW band, as well as in the size and shape of the yellow HW central area. Genitalia dissections suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25B8C21141FCED4E7D" authority="Warren" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Ephialtias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aperta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25B8C21141FC9E4E7C" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">L. aperta</emphasis>
|
||
Warren
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, formerly recognized as a species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B07FFD19E25BF55110BFC364E98" author="Bryk, F." box="[805,942,886,908]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref135673" refString="Bryk, F. 1930. Dioptidae. In E. Strand (editor), Lepidopterorum Catalogus 42: 1 - 65. Berlin: W. Junk." type="book chapter" year="1930">Bryk, 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)—a form with an extremely wide, almost oval-shaped FW band—is a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BFAE11CCFBD54ED5" authorityName="Druce FW" authorityYear="1885" box="[990,1101,945,966]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BFAE11CCFBD54ED5" box="[990,1101,945,966]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">L. fornax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This new synonymy extends the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25B82111B2FB5C4EF0" authorityName="Druce FW" authorityYear="1885" box="[1105,1220,974,996]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25B82111B2FB5C4EF0" box="[1105,1220,974,996]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">L. fornax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, previously thought to occur only in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD19E25B8111196FB5F4912" box="[1121,1223,1003,1025]" name="Ecuador" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, south to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD19E25BF551675FCE4490D" box="[805,892,1032,1054]" name="Bolivia" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. My dissections also confirm the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BFD81658FB8E492F" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1904" box="[936,1046,1061,1084]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Ephialtias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latimargo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BFD81658FB8E492F" box="[936,1046,1061,1084]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">latimargo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B07FFD19E25BECD163EFCF0494B" author="Warren, W." box="[701,872,1091,1112]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" pagination="493 - 582" refId="ref152989" refString="Warren, W. 1904. New American Thyrididae, Uraniidae, and Geometridae. Novitates Zoologicae 11: 1 - 173, 493 - 582." type="journal article" year="1904">Warren (1904)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as an ‘‘aberration’’ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25B809163EFB5C494B" authorityName="Druce FW" authorityYear="1885" box="[1145,1220,1091,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25B809163EFB5C494B" box="[1145,1220,1091,1112]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">fornax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BEAB161CFC964857" blockId="100.[701,1228,211,1758]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
||
Caterpillars of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BFE4161FFB924965" authorityName="Druce FW" authorityYear="1885" box="[916,1034,1121,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BFE4161FFB924965" box="[916,1034,1121,1143]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">L. fornax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(pl. 39K) were discovered on the banks of the Río
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4992F814FFD19E25B8261602FB374987" box="[1110,1199,1151,1172]" country="Ecuador" name="Pastaza" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Pastaza</collectingRegion>
|
||
in eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD19E25BF6316E6FCE249A2" box="[787,890,1179,1201]" name="Ecuador" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, feeding on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD19E25BF8B16E6FB5349A1" box="[1019,1227,1179,1202]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ligularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD19E25BF8B16E6FB5349A1" box="[1019,1227,1179,1202]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Passiflora ligularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(J.S. Miller, L.D. Otero, and E. Tapia; table 6). It utilizes this same host at Yanayacu Biological Station (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B07FFD19E25BF21168EFB8F481B" author="Dyer, L. A. & G. L. Gentry & H. F. Greeney & T. W. Walla" box="[849,1047,1267,1289]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" refId="ref139419" refString="Dyer, L. A., G. L. Gentry, H. F. Greeney, and T. W. Walla. 2009. Caterpillars and parasitoids of the Eastern Andes in Ecuador (http: // www. caterpillars. org)." type="url" year="2009">Dyer et al., 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), further north. Adults and larvae were figured in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B07FFD19E25B8F4176CFC924857" author="Miller, J. S." pageId="100" pageNumber="775" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref146647" refString="Miller, J. S. 1996. Phylogeny of the Neotropical moth tribe Josiini (Notodontidae: Dioptinae): a hidden case of Mullerian mimicry. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 118: 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1996">Miller (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C657DFFD19E25BEAA1737FD6E4BCD" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BEAA1737FBC7488F" blockId="100.[701,1228,211,1758]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD19E25BEAA1737FC1C4872" baselines="1372,1373" box="[730,900,1354,1378]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD19E25BFE31731FC6D4871" box="[915,1013,1356,1378]" name="Ecuador" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
(AMNH, BMNH, NMW, USNM);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD19E25BFD01717FC4D486C" box="[928,981,1386,1407]" name="Peru" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(AMNH, BMNH, MUSM, USNM);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD19E25BFE417FBFC7D488F" box="[916,997,1414,1436]" name="Bolivia" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(BMNH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD19E25BEAA17DEFD6E4BCD" blockId="100.[701,1228,211,1758]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3E3CABFFD19E25BEAA17DEFCC548E7" collectionCode="R, BMNH" collectorName="P. Irenee Blanc" country="Ecuador" location="Env. d'Ambato" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" specimenCode="JSM-348" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD19E25BEAA17DEFCC548AA" baselines="1461,1461" box="[730,861,1443,1467]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Dissected" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">DISSECTED</smallCapsWord>
|
||
: ³,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD19E25BFEC17D8FB9948A8" box="[924,1025,1445,1467]" name="Ecuador" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E89602DFFD19E25B87F17D8FB5F48A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF87E0FFD19E25BCCE1745FD6E4BCD:8E89602DFFD19E25B87F17D8FB5F48A8" box="[1039,1223,1445,1467]" country="Ecuador" name="Env. d'Ambato" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Env. d’Ambato</location>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD19E25BE9C17BFFC9948C4" box="[748,769,1474,1495]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">R</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectorName id="26A35320FFD19E25BF7917BFFC2248CB" box="[777,954,1474,1496]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">P. Irenee Blanc</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD19E25BFB617BFFBB848C4" box="[966,1056,1474,1495]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
(genitalia slide no.
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBF09E8DFFD19E25BE9B17A2FCCD48E7" box="[747,853,1503,1524]" collectionCode="JSM-" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">JSM-348</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3E3CABFFD19E25BF1717A0FC024B5F" collectingDate="1988-10-31" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="J. S. Miller" country="Ecuador" elevation="1890" location="Rio Quijos" municipality="Baeza" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" specimenCode="JSM-432" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Napo">
|
||
³,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD19E25BFFB17A2FC6848E6" box="[907,1008,1503,1525]" name="Ecuador" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4992F814FFD19E25BF8A179DFBA648E6" box="[1018,1086,1504,1525]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Napo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8DAC8CFFD19E25B838179DFB1748E6" box="[1096,1167,1504,1525]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Baeza</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, near
|
||
<location id="8E89602DFFD19E25BECD1780FCA74B01" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF87E0FFD19E25BCCE1745FD6E4BCD:8E89602DFFD19E25BECD1780FCA74B01" box="[701,831,1532,1554]" country="Ecuador" municipality="Baeza" name="Rio Quijos" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" stateProvince="Napo">Río Quijos</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAE9B13FFD19E25BF3C1781FC064B01" box="[844,926,1532,1554]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8897599999999997" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" unit="ft" value="6200.0">
|
||
<elevation id="007BD1C5FFD19E25BF3C1781FC064B01" box="[844,926,1532,1554]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8897599999999997" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" unit="ft" value="6200.0">6200 ft</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, on shrub flowers,
|
||
<date id="FFE81036FFD19E25B80E1780FD6E4B3C" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" value="1988-10-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFACE9DEFFD19E25B80E1780FD6E4B3C" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" value="1988-10-31">31 Oct 1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26A35320FFD19E25BF3E1467FC4D4B23" box="[846,981,1562,1584]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">J.S. Miller</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD19E25BF801467FBD44B3C" box="[1008,1100,1562,1583]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
(genitalia slide no.
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBF09E8DFFD19E25BF57144AFC0A4B5F" box="[807,914,1591,1612]" collectionCode="JSM-" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">JSM-432</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3E3CABFFD19E25BFD71449FB034B94" collectingDate="1933-11-10" collectionCode="AMNH" country="Peru" location="Quiroz" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" specimenCode="JSM-135, JSM-172" specimenCount="1">
|
||
³,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD19E25BFBF144AFB9F4B5F" box="[975,1031,1591,1612]" name="Peru" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E89602DFFD19E25B864144AFBFE4B5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF87E0FFD19E25BCCE1745FD6E4BCD:8E89602DFFD19E25B864144AFBFE4B5E" box="[1044,1126,1591,1613]" country="Peru" name="Quiroz" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Quiroz</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE81036FFD19E25B804144AFD6D4B7A" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" value="1933-11-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFACE9DEFFD19E25B804144AFD6D4B7A" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" value="1933-11-10">10 Nov 1933</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD19E25BF741429FCF84B7A" box="[772,864,1620,1641]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
(genitalia and appendage slide no.
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBF09E8DFFD19E25BE83140CFCC44B94" box="[755,860,1649,1671]" collectionCode="JSM-" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">JSM-135</specimenCode>
|
||
; wing slide no.
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBF09E8DFFD19E25B859140FFB0B4B94" box="[1065,1171,1650,1671]" collectionCode="JSM-" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">JSM-172</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3E3CABFFD19E25B8C01412FD6A4BCD" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="El Topo & M. G. Palmer" country="Peru" elevation="1280" location="Rio Pastaza" municipality="Ecudaor" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" specimenCode="JSM-349" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D50FD7FFFD19E25B8C01412FB5C4B9B" box="[1200,1220,1647,1672]" count="1" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8DAC8CFFD19E25BECD14F2FCBA4BB6" box="[701,802,1679,1701]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Ecudaor</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A35320FFD19E25BF4114F2FC0D4BB7" box="[817,917,1679,1701]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">El Topo</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E89602DFFD19E25BFD414F2FBAC4BB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF87E0FFD19E25BCCE1745FD6E4BCD:8E89602DFFD19E25BFD414F2FBAC4BB7" box="[932,1076,1679,1700]" country="Peru" municipality="Ecudaor" name="Rio Pastaza" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">Río Pastaza</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAE9B13FFD19E25B83214F2FB0D4BB6" box="[1090,1173,1679,1701]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28016" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" unit="ft" value="4200.0">
|
||
<elevation id="007BD1C5FFD19E25B83214F2FB0D4BB6" box="[1090,1173,1679,1701]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28016" pageId="100" pageNumber="775" unit="ft" value="4200.0">4200 ft</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26A35320FFD19E25BECD14D1FCCD4BD1" box="[701,853,1708,1730]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">M.G. Palmer</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD19E25BF2D14D1FC2F4BD2" box="[861,951,1708,1729]" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
(genitalia slide no.
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBF09E8DFFD19E25B8FD14D1FD724BCD" collectionCode="JSM-" pageId="100" pageNumber="775">JSM-349</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |