334 lines
38 KiB
XML
334 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.69768" ID-GBIF-Dataset="725a1298-82ff-4991-9f9d-089a73df1c4c" ID-GBIF-Taxon="185459804" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-2-269" ID-Pensoft-UUID="815C6497680E536B9EB1C07692EA8476" ID-ZooBank="7E2958A35E8742188689F9D2C98A0E24" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:955D2DCC-88D8-4CF6-B019-9EBBF76D9532" ModsDocID="1860-1324-68-2-269" checkinTime="1630544347651" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Watanabe, Kyohei & Matsumoto, Rikio" docDate="2021" docId="7083710BBE245035B2CB0E4BABE14C23" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 68(2): 269-297" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68 (2)" docPubDate="2021-09-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.69768" docTitle="Xanthopimpla yoshimurai Watanabe & Matsumoto 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="955D2DCC-88D8-4CF6-B019-9EBBF76D9532" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" id="815C6497680E536B9EB1C07692EA8476" lastPageNumber="269" masterDocId="815C6497680E536B9EB1C07692EA8476" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Xanthopimpla Saussure, 1892 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) from Japan" masterLastPageNumber="297" masterPageNumber="269" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" updateTime="1643435823612" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the genus Xanthopimpla Saussure, 1892 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) from Japan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Watanabe, Kyohei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8242-8611</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History, Iriuda 499, Odawara, Kanagawa 250 - 0031, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">himebati-love@hotmail.co.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Matsumoto, Rikio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3979-9713</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Osaka Museum of Natural History, Nagai Park 1 - 23, Higashisumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 546 - 0034, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-09-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>68</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>269</mods:start>
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<mods:end>297</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.69768</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.69768</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-1324-2-269</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7E2958A35E8742188689F9D2C98A0E24</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">815C6497680E536B9EB1C07692EA8476</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="results">
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="185459804" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:955D2DCC-88D8-4CF6-B019-9EBBF76D9532" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7083710BBE245035B2CB0E4BABE14C23" lastPageNumber="269" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/955D2DCC-88D8-4CF6-B019-9EBBF76D9532" authority="Watanabe & Matsumoto, 2021" authorityName="Watanabe & Matsumoto" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Xanthopimpla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xanthopimpla yoshimurai" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yoshimurai" status="sp. nov.">Xanthopimpla yoshimurai</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="269">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, B. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; C. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); D. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); E. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); F. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; G. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; H, I. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. A, C-H. dorsal habitus; B. mesoscutum, dorsal view; I. propodeum and T I, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583716" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Figs 2H, I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, H. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B, J. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; C. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); D, K, N, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; E. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); F, L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; G, M. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; I. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; O. X. naenia Morley, 1913 (D, F, G, K-M, P. holotype; N. paratype) - A, B. head, frontal view; C-G. head, dorsal view; H, I. mesonotum, dorsal view; J-M. scutellum, lateral view; N. mesosternum, ventral view; O, P. areolet of right wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583717" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">, 3G, M</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Propodeum of Japanese Xanthopimpla, dorsal view A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G. X. naenia Morley, 1913; H. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; I. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); J. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); K. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; M. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; N. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (H, L, N. holotype)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583718" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">, 4N</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Japanese Xanthopimpla - A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G, H. X. naenia Morley, 1913; I, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; J. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); K. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); L. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); M, Q. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; N. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; O, R. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (I, M, O-R. holotype) A-O. left hind leg, lateral view; P-R. left hind tarsal claw, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583719" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">, 5O, R</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, F. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; B, G. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; C, H. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775) (A-C, F. holotype; G, H. paratype) A-C. T I, dorsal view; D, E. T III, dorsal view; F-H. apex of ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583720" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">, 6C, H</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="type series">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Type series.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Holotype</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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F,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Japan</emphasis>
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, Honshu, Kyoto Pref., Maizuru City, Nyo, 10-30 Aug 2010, T. Murao leg. (MT) (OMNH).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: Japan
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</emphasis>
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: [Honshu] 4 F, same data as holotype (3 F, OMNH; 1 F, KPMNH); 1 F, ditto, 20 Jun-10 Jul 2011 (OMNH); 1 F, ditto, 10-20 Sep 2011 (OMNH); 2 F, Kyoto Pref., Ide Town, Tagakataharayama, Taishoike, 13 Jan 2019, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH-Pol-713); 1 F, Nara Pref., Nara City, Byakugouji-cho, Takamadoyama, 19 May 2017, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 3 F, Nara Pref., Yamatokoriyama City, Yata-cho, 7 Sep 2011, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1 F, ditto, 6 Dec 2010 (OMNH); 1 F, ditto, 4 Jan. 2018, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Nara Pref., Ikoma City, Ichibu-cho, 19 Feb 2010, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Nara Pref., Tenri City, Shimonigo Town, 9 Feb 2015, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 2 F, Hyogo Pref., Sanda City, Arimafuji-park, 20 Dec 2008, H. Yoshimura leg. (OMNH); 1 F (DNA-Pol-665), ditto, 4 Dec 2017, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1 F (DNA-Pol-720), ditto, 21 Jan 2019, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Yamaguchi Pref., Hirao Town, Nishihara, 31 Aug 2008, K. Ban leg. (OMNH); 1 F, (DNA-Pol-083), Ehime Pref., Matsuyama City, Koyoudai, 30 Dec.2011, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 4 F, Fukuoka Pref., Fukuoka City, Hakomatsu, 17 Jul 1994, Wasano leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Miyazaki Pref., Kobayashi City, Inokodani, 28 Sep-25 Oct 2003, R. Matsumoto leg. (MT) (OMNH); 1 F, ditto, 27 Sep 2003 (OMNH).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="comparative diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Comparative diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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This species belongs to the
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">brachycentra</emphasis>
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species group
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Townes, H" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" pagination="1 - 372" refId="B63" refString="Townes, H, Chiu, SC, 1970. The Indo-Australian species of Xanthopimpla (Ichneumonidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 14: 1 - 372" title="The Indo-Australian species of Xanthopimpla (Ichneumonidae)." volume="14" year="1970">Townes and Chiu (1970)</bibRefCitation>
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. This species resembles
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<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. reicherti" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="reicherti">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. reicherti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Krieger, 1914 in the body colouration, but it can be distinguished by the ovipositor sheath 0.63-0.65
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of hind tibia (0.56
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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in
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<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. reicherti" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="reicherti">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. reicherti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). This species is also very similar to
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<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. clavata" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="clavata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. clavata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the body structures and colouration. We can recognise only three morphological differences between this species and
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<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. clavata" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="clavata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. clavata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, i.e. the black spots of propodeum semicircular (triangular in
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<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. clavata" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="clavata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. clavata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), the lateral sides of black spot of T I not enlarged anteriorly (enlarged anteriorly in
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<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. clavata" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="clavata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. clavata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and the basomedian part of T II always without punctures (usually with some punctures in
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<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. clavata" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="clavata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. clavata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Female</emphasis>
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(n = 29). Body covered with silver setae, polished, largely smooth, length 7.9-10.4 (HT: 10.4) mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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Head 0.51-0.53 (HT: 0.51)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of width. Clypeus slightly convex in lateral view, sparsely punctate, except for ventral margin, 0.59-0.61 (HT: 0.61)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of maximum width. Face 0.95-1.05 (HT: 0.98)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of maximum width, punctate. Frons without a conspicuous convexity medially. Length of malar space 0.15-0.2 (HT: 0.2)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of basal mandibular width. OD: POL: OOL = 1.0: 0.5-0.7 (HT: 0.7): 0.5-0.75 (HT: 0.7). Antenna longer than fore wing. Flagellum with 31-34 (HT: 34) flagellomeres. Length of FL I 5.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of maximum depth in lateral view, 1.54
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of F II.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
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Mesosoma. Epomia very short. Front end of notaulus with a sharp-edged transverse crest. Notauli not reaching past centre of mesoscutum, their posterior ends not joined with each other. Mesoscutum sparsely and finely punctate, its anterior end weakly protruded anteriorly. Scutellum sparsely and finely punctate, roundly convex, with a lateral carina that reaches apex (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, H. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B, J. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; C. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); D, K, N, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; E. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); F, L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; G, M. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; I. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; O. X. naenia Morley, 1913 (D, F, G, K-M, P. holotype; N. paratype) - A, B. head, frontal view; C-G. head, dorsal view; H, I. mesonotum, dorsal view; J-M. scutellum, lateral view; N. mesosternum, ventral view; O, P. areolet of right wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583717" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">3M</figureCitation>
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). Mesopleuron sparsely punctate. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum with a roundly produced lamella,with a shallow median notch. Metapleuron smooth. Propodeum smooth, except for area spiracularis and area lateralis covered with sparse and fine punctures, with lateral section of anterior transverse carina, anterior and median sections of lateromedian longitudinal carina, lateral longitudinal carina, posterior transverse carina and pleural carina, without hill-like swelling (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Propodeum of Japanese Xanthopimpla, dorsal view A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G. X. naenia Morley, 1913; H. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; I. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); J. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); K. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; M. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; N. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (H, L, N. holotype)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583718" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">4N</figureCitation>
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). Median section of lateromedian longitudinal carina sometimes (including HT) weak and partly absent (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Propodeum of Japanese Xanthopimpla, dorsal view A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G. X. naenia Morley, 1913; H. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; I. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); J. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); K. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; M. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; N. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (H, L, N. holotype)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583718" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">4N</figureCitation>
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). Anterior end of lateral longitudinal carina extending 0.45-0.5 (HT: 0.45) length of outer side of area spiracularis in dorsal view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Propodeum of Japanese Xanthopimpla, dorsal view A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G. X. naenia Morley, 1913; H. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; I. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); J. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); K. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; M. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; N. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (H, L, N. holotype)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583718" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">4N</figureCitation>
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). Fore wing length 6.9-8.8 (HT: 8.8) mm. Areolet present, receiving vein 2m-cu slightly distant of middle. Hind femur 2.3-2.4 (HT: 2.4)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of maximum depth in lateral view. Pre-apical bristles of mid-tibia 3-5 (HT: 3) and of hind tibia 4-5 (HT: 4) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Japanese Xanthopimpla - A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G, H. X. naenia Morley, 1913; I, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; J. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); K. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); L. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); M, Q. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; N. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; O, R. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (I, M, O-R. holotype) A-O. left hind leg, lateral view; P-R. left hind tarsal claw, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583719" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">5O</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apical bristle of mid-tibia 3-4 (HT: 3) and of hind tibia 2 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Japanese Xanthopimpla - A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G, H. X. naenia Morley, 1913; I, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; J. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); K. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); L. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); M, Q. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; N. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; O, R. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (I, M, O-R. holotype) A-O. left hind leg, lateral view; P-R. left hind tarsal claw, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583719" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">5O</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ratio of length of hind first to fifth tarsomeres 1.8: 1.0: 0.7: 1.5: 2.5-2.6 (HT: 2.6). Largest bristle on hind and mid-tarsal claws not widened next to apex (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Japanese Xanthopimpla - A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G, H. X. naenia Morley, 1913; I, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; J. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); K. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); L. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); M, Q. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; N. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; O, R. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (I, M, O-R. holotype) A-O. left hind leg, lateral view; P-R. left hind tarsal claw, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583719" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">5R</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
|
||
Metasoma. T I 1.0-1.1 (HT: 1.0)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of maximum width, largely smooth, with a weak transverse depression subapically (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, F. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; B, G. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; C, H. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775) (A-C, F. holotype; G, H. paratype) A-C. T I, dorsal view; D, E. T III, dorsal view; F-H. apex of ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583720" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">6C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Latero-median carina of T I complete, except for apex obscured (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, F. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; B, G. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; C, H. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775) (A-C, F. holotype; G, H. paratype) A-C. T I, dorsal view; D, E. T III, dorsal view; F-H. apex of ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583720" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">6C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorso-lateral carina of T I absent, except for base (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, F. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; B, G. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; C, H. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775) (A-C, F. holotype; G, H. paratype) A-C. T I, dorsal view; D, E. T III, dorsal view; F-H. apex of ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583720" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">6C</figureCitation>
|
||
). T II 0.55-0.63 (HT: 0.55)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of maximum width, sparsely punctate, except for basomedian part smooth. T II to T VI with a posterior transverse foveolate groove. T III to T VIII densely punctate. Ovipositor sheath 0.63-0.65 (HT: 0.65) times as long as hind tibia. Upper valve of ovipositor gradually narrowed towards apex without dorsal minute teeth apically (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, F. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; B, G. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; C, H. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775) (A-C, F. holotype; G, H. paratype) A-C. T I, dorsal view; D, E. T III, dorsal view; F-H. apex of ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583720" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">6H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lower valve of ovipositor with 5-6 (HT: 6) distinct teeth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, F. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; B, G. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; C, H. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775) (A-C, F. holotype; G, H. paratype) A-C. T I, dorsal view; D, E. T III, dorsal view; F-H. apex of ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583720" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">6H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ovipositor slightly downcurved apically.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
|
||
Colouration (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, B. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; C. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); D. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); E. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); F. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; G. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; H, I. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. A, C-H. dorsal habitus; B. mesoscutum, dorsal view; I. propodeum and T I, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583716" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">2H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, H. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B, J. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; C. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); D, K, N, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; E. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); F, L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; G, M. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; I. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; O. X. naenia Morley, 1913 (D, F, G, K-M, P. holotype; N. paratype) - A, B. head, frontal view; C-G. head, dorsal view; H, I. mesonotum, dorsal view; J-M. scutellum, lateral view; N. mesosternum, ventral view; O, P. areolet of right wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583717" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">3G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Propodeum of Japanese Xanthopimpla, dorsal view A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G. X. naenia Morley, 1913; H. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; I. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); J. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); K. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; M. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; N. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (H, L, N. holotype)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583718" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">4N</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Japanese Xanthopimpla - A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G, H. X. naenia Morley, 1913; I, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; J. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); K. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); L. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); M, Q. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; N. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; O, R. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (I, M, O-R. holotype) A-O. left hind leg, lateral view; P-R. left hind tarsal claw, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583719" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">5O</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body (excluding wings) yellow. Apex of mandible and ocellar area black. Dorsal surface of scape and pedicel blackish-brown. Flagellum dark yellowish-brown to dark brown. Mesoscutum with a transverse black band anteriorly and a black spot in front of scutellum, the band usually (including HT) divided into three black spots. Propodeum with a pair of semicircular black spots on area externa. Wings hyaline. Veins and pterostigma blackish-brown to brown, except for yellowish-brown wing base and base of pterostigma. Hind trochanter with a small dark spot. Base of hind tibia narrowly tinged with black. Hind fifth tarsomere sometimes weakly darkened. T I nearly always (except for a single paratype) with a pair of black spots, its lateral sides not enlarged anteriorly. The black spots of T I united each other (into a single band) in a single paratype. T II rarely (fore paratypes) with a pair of small, weak black spots. T III to T V and T VII with a pair of black spots. Ovipositor dark reddish-brown. Ovipositor sheath black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Japan (Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="bionomics">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Bionomics.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
|
||
In Japan, adults were collected in January, February, June to September and December. Winter is passed in the stage of adult (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Wintering female of Japanese Xanthopimpla spp - A. X. clavata; B. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; C. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; D. X. trias." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583722" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">8B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The wintering adults were resting under the leaf of broad-leaved, evergreen trees, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schottky" authorityYear="1912" baseAuthorityName="Thunb." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanopsis cuspidata" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cuspidata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Castanopsis cuspidata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aquifoliaceae" genus="Ilex" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ilex pedunculosa" order="Aquifoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Ilex pedunculosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Camellia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Camellia japonica" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Camellia japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. clavata" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="clavata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. clavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. nipponensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="nipponensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. nipponensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. trias" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="trias">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. trias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This species is often found with
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. clavata" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="clavata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. clavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Sometimes multiple individuals composed of these two species were observed under the leaves of a single tree or even on a single leaf. All wintering specimens observed were female exclusively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
|
||
The specific name is after Hiroyuki Yoshimura (Sanda City), who collected part of the paratypes and first noticed the differences in body maculation from
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. clavata" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="clavata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. clavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="269" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
|
||
Although this species is morphologically very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. clavata" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="clavata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. clavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and these two species can be distinguished from each other by mainly body colouration, the difference in colouration is quite stable. Furthermore, the DNA sequences of COI and 28S rRNA are considerably different from each other and both species formed distinct clades with high supporting values in phylogenetic analysis, respectively (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Phylogenetic trees showing the relationships of five species of Japanese Xanthopimpla (X. clavata, X. yoshimurai sp. nov., X. trias, X. naenia and X. niponensis sp. nov.) See Table 1 for locality of each specimen. Two trees, based on aligned (A.) 28 S rRNA and (B.) COI sequences by the Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference are shown. The numerals at nodes show the bootstrap values (70 % and more) in ML and posterior probabilities in the Bayesian approach." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583721" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">7</figureCitation>
|
||
). For these reasons, we concluded this is a distinct species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583721" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Phylogenetic trees showing the relationships of five species of Japanese
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Watanabe & Matsumoto" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Xanthopimpla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xanthopimpla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Xanthopimpla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. clavata" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="clavata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. clavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. yoshimurai" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="yoshimurai">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. yoshimurai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. trias" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="trias">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. trias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. naenia" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="naenia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. naenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. niponensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="niponensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. niponensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.) See Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Information on the individual ID, accession numbers, collecting date, site and depository of each DNA-sequenced specimen of Japanese Xanthopimpla (X. clavata, X. yoshimurai sp. nov., X. trias, X. naenia and X. niponensis sp. nov.) shown in Fig. 7." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B5C5C6F6A196C4A81835BA16272A8D53" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" tableUuid="B5C5C6F6A196C4A81835BA16272A8D53">1</tableCitation>
|
||
for locality of each specimen. Two trees, based on aligned (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">A.</emphasis>
|
||
) 28S rRNA and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">(B.</emphasis>
|
||
) COI sequences by the Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference are shown. The numerals at nodes show the bootstrap values (70% and more) in ML and posterior probabilities in the Bayesian approach.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/dez.68.69768.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/583722" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="269">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Wintering female of Japanese
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Watanabe & Matsumoto" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Xanthopimpla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xanthopimpla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">Xanthopimpla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">A.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. clavata" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="clavata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. clavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. yoshimurai" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="yoshimurai">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. yoshimurai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">C.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. nipponensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="nipponensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. nipponensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">D.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="X." lsidName="X. trias" pageId="0" pageNumber="269" rank="species" species="trias">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="269">X. trias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |