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<document id="FC3E7ADE8F44F020DC4793A0D21118A7" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cf1ba4ed-1834-4817-beb7-d6b1b9143acc" ModsDocID="z01587p043" checkinTime="1247321488904" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Vinícius Abilhoa &amp; Luiz Fernando Duboc" docDate="2007" docId="70001EB9A7A3859477D8E518AAAE019B" docLanguage="en" docName="2007_Abilhoa_Duboc_gg2.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1587" docSource="http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B2CDDEA9-F47C-444F-BA47-DB7D7EC8D49A" docTitle="Astyanax totae" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="3CCB0BA406D0A364B1C97BDD47CC7932" masterDocTitle="A new species of the freshwater fish genus Astyanax (Ostariophysi: Characidae) from the rio Iguacu basin, southeastern Brazil." masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1701314712145" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="635CCE500FBD65C3B311AF9F903651DE">A new species of the freshwater fish genus Astyanax (Ostariophysi: Characidae) from the rio Iguacu basin, southeastern Brazil.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BD0F28A9E6A8F49473F61DE72488288D">Vinícius Abilhoa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="834792DE36A2347FD865289320DAD3BB">Luiz Fernando Duboc</mods:namePart>
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:
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<paragraph id="245FA647A029ECF05C667B103A177FF2" country="Brazil" pageNumber="51">
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<location id="B8A0D6457753F4FA00EA848A2927B42A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70001EB9A7A3859477D8E518AAAE019B:B8A0D6457753F4FA00EA848A2927B42A">
rio
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basin
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:
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37562
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10305
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, 1, 61.1 mm SL,
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rio Cascata, tributary of rio Tortuoso, an affluent of rio
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;
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10306
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, 21, 34.4-73.4 mm SL (2 c&amp;s),
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<collectingDate id="DD257482B1975367297AB576040B0C80" day="26" month="05" value="2002-05-26" year="2002">26 May 2002</collectingDate>
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;
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4099
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, 16, 41.9-56.3 mm SL,
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;
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<specimenCode id="BE98E413160A2932BC3E42EF914E92EE">
<collectionCode id="A7DDC2157B5E55F65CC5B5866A0E05DF">MNRJ</collectionCode>
28652
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, 11, 36.9-66.3 mm SL,
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<collectingDate id="846A66186C3E17F8A69478852B92DEE9" day="09" month="01" value="2002-01-09" year="2002">9 Jan 2002</collectingDate>
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.
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/abs.6.e54139" ID-GBIF-Dataset="403b2150-2eb8-4f5b-991c-66fa3215aff0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189470487" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2412-1908-6-229" ID-Pensoft-UUID="66A40CDA532A5943AE540741B560E3B9" ID-ZooBank="EF2D667774E142979A1881336E53FFD6" ModsDocID="2412-1908-6-229" checkinTime="1633362632076" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Temreshev, Izbasar I. &amp; Makezhanov, Arman M." docDate="2020" docId="7000BA55344C540C8C76F012C7C2344E" docLanguage="en" docName="DC12FE65FFB6FFA1FF94FFAD407A1654" docOrigin="Acta Biologica Sibirica 6" docPubDate="2020-09-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/abs.6.e54139" docTitle="Gryllus bimaculatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="66A40CDA532A5943AE540741B560E3B9" lastPageNumber="229" masterDocId="66A40CDA532A5943AE540741B560E3B9" masterDocTitle="Orthopteroid insects (Mantodea, Blattodea, Dermaptera, Phasmoptera, Orthoptera) of agrocenosis of rice fields in Kyzylorda oblast, South Kazakhstan" masterLastPageNumber="247" masterPageNumber="229" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" updateTime="1635288587296" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">temreshev76@mail.ru</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart>Makezhanov, Arman M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>LLP &quot; Educational Research Scientific and Production Center &quot; Bayserke-Agro &quot;&quot;, Almaty oblast, Panfilov district, Arkabay village, Otegen Batyr street, 3, Kazakhstan</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="189470487" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7000BA55344C540C8C76F012C7C2344E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7000BA55344C540C8C76F012C7C2344E" lastPageNumber="229" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
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<taxonomicName LSID="7000BA55-344C-540C-8C76-F012C7C2344E" authority="(De Geer, 1773)" baseAuthorityName="De Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1773" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Gryllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gryllus bimaculatus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bimaculatus">Gryllus bimaculatus (De Geer, 1773)</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<specimenCount type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
,
<date value="2018-05-17">17.05.2018</date>
, KO, neig. v. Abay, PF Akzhol, rice field edge, IT;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-07-12" collectorName="PF Akmaya" location="Shieli" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
,
<collectingDate value="2018-07-12">12.07.2018</collectingDate>
, KO,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7000BA55344C540C8C76F012C7C2344E:86E3821A21282E7AB897CD9853A9C641" name="Shieli">Shieli</location>
d.,
<collectorName>PF Akmaya</collectorName>
, at the hotel, to the light, IT,
<normalizedToken originalValue="АМ">AM</normalizedToken>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-07-13" collectingMethod="soil traps" collectorName="PF Akmaya" location="Shieli" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<collectingDate value="2018-07-13">13.07.2018</collectingDate>
, KO,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7000BA55344C540C8C76F012C7C2344E:4A4EF8B5C1E5BB69FA7C9F3FFCA0747D" name="Shieli">Shieli</location>
d.,
<collectorName>PF Akmaya</collectorName>
, rice field edge,
<collectingMethod>soil traps</collectingMethod>
, IT, AM
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-06-24" collectingMethod="soil traps" collectorName="PF Akmaya" location="Shieli" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<collectingDate value="2019-06-24">24.06.2019</collectingDate>
, KO,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7000BA55344C540C8C76F012C7C2344E:16307953DA5FE78088826DB091AF5D62" name="Shieli">Shieli</location>
d.,
<collectorName>PF Akmaya</collectorName>
, rice field edge and alfalfa,
<collectingMethod>soil traps</collectingMethod>
, IT, AM
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
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<taxonomicName LSID="700169B0-903B-BB78-34EF-882738A1B09C" authority="Bates, 1882" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1882" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Amblygnathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblygnathus mexicanus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="709" pageNumber="710" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanus">Amblygnathus mexicanus Bates, 1882</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="709" pageNumber="710">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1882" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Amblygnathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="709" pageNumber="710" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanus">Amblygnathus mexicanus</taxonomicName>
Bates, 1882a: 66. Type locality: &quot;Cordova [Veracruz], Mexico&quot; (original citation). Lectotype (♀), designated by Ball and Maddison (1987: 208), in BMNH.
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<paragraph pageId="709" pageNumber="710">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Hemisopalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="709" pageNumber="710" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delumbis">Hemisopalus delumbis</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1914: 140. Type locality: &quot;Lake Worth [Palm Beach County], Florida&quot; (original citation). Lectotype (♀), designated by Ball and Maddison (1987: 208), in USNM [# 47872]. Synonymy established by Ball and Maddison (1987: 208).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="709" pageNumber="710">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="709" pageNumber="710">
This species ranges along the Coastal Plain from New Jersey to southern Florida, west to southeastern Texas, north along the Mississippi Basin to southern Arkansas (Ouachita County, CMNH) and northeastern Mississippi; south of the Rio Grande it occurs through eastern Mexico and Central America to the Canal Zone in Panama [see Ball and Maddison 1987: Fig. 29]. The record from
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Pennsylvania”">&quot;Pennsylvania&quot;</normalizedToken>
(Ball and Maddison 1987: 210) needs confirmation.
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<paragraph pageId="709" pageNumber="710">Records.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="709" pageNumber="710">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="709" pageNumber="710">USA</emphasis>
: AL, AR, FL, GA, LA, MS, NC, NJ, SC, TX, VA [PA] - Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama
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Occasional Migrant.
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ο. Aloe foliis erectis subulatis radicatis undique inerme spinosis.
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<emphasis id="CADFC81DCA5AFFA3FCC97FEDFC709EF4" bold="true" box="[834,946,1739,1763]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Subgenus</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="CADFC81DCA5AFFA3FC337FEDFB919EF4" bold="true" box="[952,1107,1739,1763]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Endopalpiger</emphasis>
Schulze
</emphasis>
, 1935
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<figureCitation id="6090088ACA5AFFA3FCC97FCDFC669F14" box="[834,932,1771,1795]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[169,200,1297,1317]" captionTargetBox="[153,1438,237,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-277@6.[285,1305,254,1284]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2 Ixodes barkeri Barker, 2019, scanning electron micrographs of idiosoma of male.A Dorsal view; B dorsolateral view; C ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11552080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11552080/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figures 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6090088ACA5AFFA3FC3A7FCDFC7C9F14" box="[945,958,1771,1795]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[168,199,1466,1486]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,237,1551]" captionTargetId="figure-169@7.[284,1304,253,1454]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3 Ixodes barkeri Barker, 2019, scanning electron micrographs of male. A Spiracular plate (arrows show orientation of spiracular plate: a, anterior; d, dorsal). B Gnathosoma,dorsal view. C Gnathosoma, ventral view. D Gnathosoma,anteroventral view. E Coxae. F Trochanter I, dorsal view. Scale bars: AD, F 0.1 mm; E,0.2 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11552082" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11552082/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6090088ACA5AFFA3FC417FCDFC159F14" box="[970,983,1771,1795]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[168,199,1671,1691]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,237,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-62@8.[285,1305,253,1658]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4 Ixodes barkeri Barker,2019,scanning electron micrographs of female. A Idiosoma, dorsal view. B Scutum,dorsal view. C Scutum, dorsolateral view. D Idiosoma showing scutum and alloscutum with punctations and setae, dorsal centrolateral portion. E Idiosoma, ventral view.Scale bars: A, E 0.5 mm; B, C 0.2 mm; D 0.1 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11552086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11552086/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6090088ACA5AFFA3FC687FCDFC329F14" box="[995,1008,1771,1795]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[168,199,1691,1711]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,237,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-68@9.[285,1305,253,1678]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5 Ixodes barkeri Barker,2019,scanning electron micrographs of female. A Spiracular plate (arrows show orientation of spiracular plate: a, anterior; d, dorsal). B Gnathosoma, dorsal view. C Gnathosoma, ventral view (I, palpal article 1; II, palpal article 2; ss the strongly salient part of palpal article 1). D Gnathosoma, anteroventral view. E Coxae.F Trochanter I, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, F,0.1 mm; BE, 0.2 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11552088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11552088/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6090088ACA5AFFA3FC777FCDFBCB9F14" box="[1020,1033,1771,1795]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[168,199,1631,1651]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,237,1717]" captionTargetId="figure-71@10.[285,1305,253,1618]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6 Ixodes barkeri Barker,2019,scanning electron micrographs of nymph. A Scutum. B Spiracular plate (arrows show orientation of spiracular plate: a, anterior; d, dorsal). C Gnathosoma, dorsal view.D Gnathosoma,ventral view. E Gnathosoma, anteroventral view. F Coxae.Scale bars: A, CF, 0.1 mm; B, 0.05 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11552092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11552092/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6090088ACA5AFFA3FB9D7FCAFBE19F14" box="[1046,1059,1772,1795]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[166,197,1301,1321]" captionTargetBox="[152,1437,237,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-317@11.[285,1305,253,1289]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 7 Ixodes barkeri Barker,2019,scanning electron micrographs of larva. A Scutum. B Gnathosoma, dorsal view.C Gnathosoma, ventral view. D Gnathosoma, anteroventral view. E Coxae. Scale bars: A, E 0.1 mm; BD, 0.05 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11552094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11552094/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6090088ACA5AFFA3FBA47FCDFBFE9F14" box="[1071,1084,1771,1795]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[168,199,1618,1638]" captionTargetBox="[152,776,237,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-211@12.[177,752,253,1605]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8 Ixodes barkeri Barker,2019,light microscopy image of female (Barker &amp; Barker Collection reference #B5321), male (# B4994), nymph (#B5321) and larva (# B5321). Horizontal broken scale bars: 1 mm; vertical scale bars also in mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11552100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11552100/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">8</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6090088ACA5AFFA3FBC37FCDFB979F14" box="[1096,1109,1771,1795]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[829,860,840,860]" captionTargetBox="[813,1437,237,840]" captionTargetId="figure-254@12.[836,1414,253,828]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 9 Mitochondrial genomes of Ixodes (Endopalpiger) australiensis, I. (Endo.) barkeri, I. (Endo.) woyliei and I. (Exopalpiger) fecialis. Protein-coding genes are shown in green, tRNAs are in yellow, rRNAs are in red, and the two control regions are in blue. Protein-coding genes are labelled by their four-character abbreviations,tRNAs are labelled by their one-letter amino acid abbreviations, and the two control regions are labelled as CR1 and CR2. Mitochondrial genome size variation is indicated in parentheses.The arrangement of genes in these four species is identical except that the main cluster of tRNA genes has the arrangement ARNSEF in the three species of Endopalpiger [I. (Endo.) australiensis, I. (End.) barkeri and I. (End.) woyliei], whereas in the one species of Exopalpiger [I. (Exo.) fecialis] the arrangement is ARNESF.The arrangement in I. (Exo.) fecialis is the first known arrangement in an Ixodidae tick that is different from ARNSEF.Thus, ARNESF might be a synapomorphy for the subgenus Exopalpiger" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11552098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11552098/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">9</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6090088ACA5AFFA3FBEA7FCDFBB99F14" box="[1121,1147,1771,1795]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[168,199,627,647]" captionTargetBox="[152,1437,237,627]" captionTargetId="figure-584@13.[167,1422,253,614]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 10 Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree from entire mt genomes (14,935 bps).The sequence alignment was put though Gblocks to remove regions with alignment gaps.Tip labels indicate NCBI accession numbers and (Barker &amp; Barker Collection reference nos.). Numbers above branches show maximum likelihood bootstrap support, whereas numbers below branches show the Bayesian posterior probability support. Ixodes pavlovskyi Pomerantzev, 1946, one of the species “Other Ixodes” (sensu Barker &amp; Murrell, 2004), for which an entire mitochondrial (mt) genome was available in GenBank, was set as the outgroup.The scale bar indicates 0.06 nucleotide substitutions per nucleotide site for the 14,935 nucleotide sites in our alignment of theses entire mt genomes. So, for example, there were about 896 nucleotide substitutions along the branch that leads to I. (Ceratixodes) uriae plus I. (Sternalixodes) holocyclus plus I. (Exopalpiger) fecialis, which is marked with an asterisk [i.e. 0.06 nucleotide substitutions per nucleotide site × 14,935 nucleotide sites (bps) =1896 nucleotide substitutions].Ticks in bold were sequenced in the present study" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11552102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11552102/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5E35C303-0539-401C-B156-3508244C9D82" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Operclipygus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Operclipygus bickhardti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bickhardti">Operclipygus bickhardti</taxonomicName>
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Fig. 15DMap 5
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
PERU: Madre de Dios: Pantiacolla Lodge on Alto Madre de Dios River [
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,
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].
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
Holotype male: &quot;PERU: Madre de Dios, Pantiacolla Lodge, Alto Madre de Dios River, 400m
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-12.656111">12°39'22&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-71.23194">71°13'55&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
23-26 OCT 2000; R.Brooks PERU1B00 099 ex: flight intercept trap&quot; / &quot;SM0263092 KUNHM-ENT&quot; (SEMC).
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Diagnostic description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
This species is extremely similar to
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and
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, differing only in a few external characters: length: 1.68 mm, width: 1.40 mm; frontal stria complete; median pronotal gland openings nearer anterior pronotal margin, only about one-fifth pronotal length behind; lateral metaventral stria curved laterad toward metepisternum at apex; 1st abdominal ventrite with inner lateral stria very short, straight, displaced far mediad; pygidial sulcus much less strongly impressed, its depth even around apical margin, rather finely crenulate along inner edge, not more strongly impressed towards basal corners; male genitalia indistinguishable from those of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Operclipygus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Operclipygus impuncticollis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impuncticollis">Operclipygus impuncticollis</taxonomicName>
.
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">The short and displaced inner lateral stria of the 1st abdominal ventrite, and the rather finely crenulate marginal pygidial sulcus (Fig. 15D) are adequate to distinguish this species.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
We name this species in honor of Heinrich von Bickhardt (1873-1920), the German histerid specialist who established the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="AD1AB4B8EAFDB28E539A131B98A34F57" authority="Rakotonirina and Fisher" authorityName="Rakotonirina and Fisher" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pachycondyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gorogota">Pachycondyla gorogota Rakotonirina and Fisher</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0053FF57FDA409F46E91456D5F736F00" pageId="16" pageNumber="463" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8342750522E285F52358BFA2DE1C2DD1" box="[118,356,1408,1427]" pageId="16" pageNumber="463" type="mainText">(Figures 12, 37, 38, 39, 73)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="78002E802309E3D0A22D5902FC4B186A" box="[118,1122,1465,1506]" pageId="16" pageNumber="463" type="bibRef">Holotype worker: Madagascar, Antsiranana, Makirovana Forest, -14.1707, 49.9541, 415 m, rainforest, sifted litter, 28-29 Apr 2011 (B.L. Fisher et al.) collection code: BLF26523, specimen code: CASENT0166009 (CASC).</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="EFC90248A811B04E445B671FB0C87470" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="464" pageId="16" pageNumber="463" type="description">
<paragraph id="C664AD4D056EF3A628DF8E57CF805ACA" box="[118,1121,1541,1588][118,1122,118,250]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="464" pageId="16" pageNumber="463" type="mainText">
WORKER. Diagnosis: Anterior margin of clypeus wide and straight, slightly medially notched; mandible smooth between punctulae; eyes small and with very slightly convex surface; antennal scape not surpassing posterior
<pageBreakToken id="54D21C18A4EF86E7FB9CF1DBB6408FAA" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" start="start">cephalic</pageBreakToken>
margin; antennal segments wider towards its apex; metanotal groove deeply impressed; posterolateral margin of propodeum bordered with broad lamella, which project as a tubercle at about the level of the propodeal spiracle; petiolar node anteroposteriorly flattened, its posterior margin medially notched in dorsal view; anterior face of first gastral segment not forming a shallow cavity; antennal scape and outer surface of each tibia covered with erect hairs; dorsum of head near posterior margin and rest of body covered with numerous long, slender hairs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D0A2FDF3D9E0E958BBF30B772A22AC2" box="[118,1120,259,306]" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" type="mainText">Measurements (1 specimen): HW: 1.56, HL: 1.79, CI: 87, SL: 1.34, SI: 86, PW: 1.22, WL: 2.67, NH: 1.10, NL: 0.58, NW: 0.98, DNI: 169, LNI: 189.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="49FA7BBBA056554167F1770E0208EA65" box="[118,1121,315,465]" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" type="mainText">Description: Head elongate, narrower in front than behind and widest behind level of eyes; posterior margin feebly concave; head dorsum and its lateral surfaces densely and finely reticulate-rugulose or reticulate-punctate. Eyes very slightly convex with more than 30 ommatidia and located in anterior fourth of lateral borders of head. Antennal scape short, not reaching posterior border of head. Anterior margin of clypeus widely transverse and straight, with weak median notch. Mandibles smooth and shiny apart from hair bearing punctures; masticatory margins with ten teeth or denticles.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC2A542A9E93B4F7B27ECAB6362C46B8" box="[118,1121,472,659]" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" type="mainText">With mesosoma in dorsal view, metanotal groove deeply impressed and sinuate; in profile, dorsal outline of mesosoma complex, mesonotum distinctly convex; mesopleural suture visible; posterior margins of propodeum covered with broad lamella extending into a lobe or tooth at the level of propodeal spiracle. Mesosoma coarsely reticulate-rugose. Petiolar node anteroposteriorly flattened in profile, anterior face roughly straight and joining the dorsum at a rounded angle; posterodorsal angle feebly overhanging the slightly sinuate posterior margin of node. In dorsal view, posterior margin medially excised. Anterior face of first gastral segment straight, without shallow cavity or impression.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ACB00EE1003DF8485DE3CFA3970A87F0" box="[118,1120,668,744]" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" type="mainText">Head and body covered with many long, thin, and erect golden hairs; pubescence abundant on head and pronotum, and quite reduced on the rest of body dorsum. Coloration dark brown, with brown apices of antenna and tip of gaster.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85143380E5B9AF45BCF79192082460C3" box="[155,316,753,772]" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" type="mainText">Queen: unknown.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="90D0F1603E201C44843EB73819830981" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="DFA23BC97797ABA279150A2104CF21A5" box="[118,1122,781,969]" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" type="mainText">
Discussion:
<taxonomicName id="4E8422EF63D5D568FECBE0B486D57892" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pachycondyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gorogota">Pachycondyla gorogota</taxonomicName>
appears to be similar to
<taxonomicName id="D0DDE4F9D63E4D0B576D1C49948754F5" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pachycondyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maeva">P. maeva</taxonomicName>
by the presence of the impressed metanotal groove and the antero-posteriorly flattened petiole node whose posterior margin is medially notched in dorsal view. But for
<taxonomicName id="A10E79485313A8FCC862533BCE71B0A2" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pachycondyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gorgota">P. gorgota</taxonomicName>
, the posterior cephalic margin is roughly straight, the posterolateral margin of the porpodeum is bordered with much broader lamella which projects into tubercle at the level of propodeal spiracle, and the antennal scape and outer surface of tibiae are covered with erect slender hairs. In contrast,
<taxonomicName id="FE8E0B84605F72838137EC4B055CAD73" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pachycondyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maeva">P. maeva</taxonomicName>
has a more concave posterior cephalic border, narrow lamellae on the posterior margin of the propodeum and its antennal scape and outer surface of tibiae lack erect slender hairs.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BABE1ECBEA80D81D2A4457AF0E368DFE" box="[118,1121,978,1049]" pageId="17" pageNumber="464" type="mainText">Distribution and biology: The species is represented by only one worker specimen, which is from the lowland rainforest of Makirovana in the northeast of Madagascar (Fig. 73). The specimen was captured by leaf litter sampling.</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="EE98285A9F52054CC86A620B451931DC" ID-CoL="56CYQ" authority="Verhoeff, 1905" authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1905" family="Scutigeridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="decipiens" order="Scutigeromorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="283" rank="species" species="decipiens">decipiens Verhoeff, 1905</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="08FCB2271818428915B627C113E71D84" pageId="2" pageNumber="283">
<taxonomicName id="52853559A4D5D4E93A5CBFF5F0E3D13A" family="Scutigeridae" genus="Theuropoda" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theuropoda decipiens" order="Scutigeromorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="283" rank="species" species="decipiens">Theuropoda decipiens</taxonomicName>
Verhoeff, 1905a
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<paragraph id="A420F74FD1C3F51F786171CFC0D8DA05" pageId="2" pageNumber="283">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0DAABC2856BF852813E4551025249BE" pageId="2" pageNumber="283">
Holotype, ♂, ZMB 2015 / 2015
<normalizedToken id="E43C203E3653B9CDCD41B6E95DEBBCB5" originalValue="af">a-f</normalizedToken>
(Verhoeff slide nrs 2030-3035); &quot;Pongoor, Vorderindien&quot; [Pangkor Island, Malaysia?]; collector and date not recorded.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FFE2C516DFC83FA5CD8733CC672FF34A" pageId="2" pageNumber="283" type="present name">
<paragraph id="41C98902E1D209F2493EDF4FFD41E206" pageId="2" pageNumber="283">Present name.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0765EDD4B12259999BF874190386620D" pageId="2" pageNumber="283">
Junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="E04C1C8BD2379FAE0EBDD9277874877F" class="Chilopoda" family="Scutigeridae" genus="Thereuopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thereuopoda longicornis" order="Scutigeromorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="283" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">Thereuopoda longicornis</taxonomicName>
(Fabricius, 1793); synonymized by
<bibRefCitation id="8A0807CC39AC3B040B4548794FD2E93B" pageId="2" pageNumber="283">
<normalizedToken id="B12F8F0B56F75EA0F7EADDB14DFB5023" originalValue="Würmli">Wuermli</normalizedToken>
(1979)
</bibRefCitation>
.
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<paragraph id="34801EFB0CCBF1BD468D85BAEE587FE2" pageId="2" pageNumber="283">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="380FE887C93043C2AA6F5AF9902EDFC1" pageId="2" pageNumber="283">
There is historical to reference to a &quot;Pongoor bei Malakka&quot; which implies a type locality in the Malacca State of Malaysia. It may well be an older name for Pangkor Island, whereby Fedor Jagor (1816-1900) is known to have collected material in
<normalizedToken id="366EA761BEC97514FD8FEC8AD09012B1" originalValue="“Pongoor”">&quot;Pongoor&quot;</normalizedToken>
for the Berlin museum in 1873-1876 and again from 1890-1893.
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<mods:identifier id="3788355C015DB21A2488181BDBE58865" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.235.111020</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5AA1E62E59D160ADA71AC6227865DAA5" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-235-83</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="70041CF47ED35062A6A423A2E6E9EB17" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70041CF47ED35062A6A423A2E6E9EB17" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70041CF47ED35062A6A423A2E6E9EB17" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
<subSubSection id="D8EBCEE1B7C270DCB0D945E79AFFBF1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6DECC32A83127E55ED4FD660954F0B62" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
8.
<taxonomicName id="E725DD28334D978A1DAA890F1C00AD3A" ID-CoL="6GNL4" LSID="70041CF4-7ED3-5062-A6A4-23A2E6E9EB17" authority="H. Lindb., Sched. Pl. Finland. Exsicc. Fasc. 21 - 42: 88 (1944)" authorityName="H. Lindb., Sched. Pl. Finland. Exsicc. Fasc. 21 - 42: 88" authorityYear="1944" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Erigeron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Erigeron brachycephalus" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brachycephalus">Erigeron brachycephalus H.Lindb., Sched. Pl. Finland. Exsicc. Fasc. 21-42: 88 (1944)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1DB6C0058E974C4F683DEF8EA3FB61EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="3C601DCE2988EAEA30E6A86F225A9B0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicName id="23B34A5B422E48DEF77745CD4DA70276" authorityName="Hiitonen" authorityYear="1971" baseAuthorityName="H.Lindb." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Erigeron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Erigeron acris subsp. brachycephalus" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="acris" subSpecies="brachycephalus">Erigeron acris brachycephalus</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName id="A74B13F9BF172455F1F2D05C93541506" authorityName="Hiitonen" authorityYear="1971" baseAuthorityName="H.Lindb." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Erigeron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Erigeron acris subsp. brachycephalus" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="acris" subSpecies="brachycephalus">Erigeron acris subsp. brachycephalus</taxonomicName>
(H.Lindb.) Hiitonen in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 8(1): 78 (1971).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="93168116F79A865A8712476EB9ACFC72" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F9811431FD75C19BDC6C608065D2D18E" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
<typeStatus id="ABA14891E156462EAD761310083434A1">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="12BBF534CF9E460FFBBD2E80AA7C2B88" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
<materialsCitation id="67A2B693972514B79ECBEEE2AF33A4C8" collectingDate="1934-06-26" collectorName="H. Lindberg, Finlandiae Exsiccatae" country="Russia" county="Isthmus Karelicus" location="Priozersk District" municipality="Metsaepirtti" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Leningrad Region" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="41721E9AD53787F331679097A8960CB1" name="Russia">Russia</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="80C8508DAEB295EEF7DE3D88672E5541" country="Russia" name="Leningrad">Leningrad Region</collectingRegion>
: &quot;
<collectingCounty id="F9F2B9C53451F59CE66229ADF5AA9198">Isthmus Karelicus</collectingCounty>
, par.
<normalizedToken id="F0305FAE686DCBC66D479C6693934AD0" originalValue="Metsäpirtti">
<collectingMunicipality id="F5FBEB3FD9FB92A4717138AECC508023">Metsaepirtti</collectingMunicipality>
</normalizedToken>
[now
<location id="BC98F738EEACD3B1F8D6DDB99994C405" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70041CF47ED35062A6A423A2E6E9EB17:BC98F738EEACD3B1F8D6DDB99994C405" country="Russia" county="Isthmus Karelicus" municipality="Metsaepirtti" name="Priozersk District" stateProvince="Leningrad Region">Priozersk District</location>
],
<location id="417078D391610B7C9B74BA642949483F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70041CF47ED35062A6A423A2E6E9EB17:417078D391610B7C9B74BA642949483F" country="Russia" county="Isthmus Karelicus" municipality="Metsaepirtti" name="Taipale" stateProvince="Leningrad Region">Taipale</location>
[now
<location id="25D7E5330B5CCBFA75530CF2001C481E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70041CF47ED35062A6A423A2E6E9EB17:25D7E5330B5CCBFA75530CF2001C481E" country="Russia" county="Isthmus Karelicus" municipality="Metsaepirtti" name="Solovievo" stateProvince="Leningrad Region">Solovievo</location>
], in campo sicco una cum
<taxonomicName id="8CF4484FB565909A898A9280C9EDB077" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. acris" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="acris">
<emphasis id="240FA5C0587CDCB1865D23B35F04B779" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">E. acris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(n. 1371) crescens&quot;,
<collectingDate id="68062F30461B4E083C586DD05963967D" value="1934-06-26">26.06.1934</collectingDate>
,
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<collectorName id="22F6E0D984ACFFA68D1DA3B283D4C2B5">H. Lindberg</collectorName>
</emphasis>
[
<taxonomicName id="7310B0156D3A66D43D1A8EACAD422C94" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="kingdom">Plantae</taxonomicName>
<collectorName id="A450FBF9FC6AA3B8D045DB925AE54FF2">Finlandiae Exsiccatae</collectorName>
no. 1372] (
<typeStatus id="40F44B8585C8D3B03A32F7F9A5C4309A">lectotype</typeStatus>
H 340008, designated by
<bibRefCitation id="C50FAE11D2660344EB2ED41B5C41E1A0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.47.1.1" author="Vaere, H" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 98" refId="B110" refString="Vaere, H, 2012. Catalogue and typifications of new taxa of vascular plants described by Finnish botanist Harald Lindberg (1871-1963). Phytotaxa 47 (1): 1 - 98, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.47.1.1" title="Catalogue and typifications of new taxa of vascular plants described by Finnish botanist Harald Lindberg (1871 - 1963)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.47.1.1" volume="47" year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="6A2F13C11A93A1B08A9673884D5E01CD" originalValue="Väre">Vaere</normalizedToken>
(2012
</bibRefCitation>
: 41); isolectotype H 758234 pro parte)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6CC9FE06C700D958A5087C512331992B" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="description">
<paragraph id="F61033C34D5B0803783A6CED6BBBAE9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FD185E3F54880E9D3B455DE33CA046E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Stems 30-50 cm tall, branched in the upper third, intensely to slightly purple-coloured, rather densely covered by numerous hairs 0.6-1 mm long. Cauline leaves 8-14 under the synflorescence, rather congested, noticeably reduced towards the stem top, completely covered by numerous hairs ca. 0.5 mm long on both sides. Synflorescence with rather short branches carrying few to several capitula, racemose in shape, with abundant hairs 0.2-0.4(0.5) mm long. Phyllaries 5.5-6 mm long, slightly or moderately purple-coloured, outer and middle ones moderately covered by hairs up to 0.5-0.8 mm long, innermost ones with sparse to rare hairs. Ray flowers bright-pink. Pappus greyish-white.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF8B42AE5A3CC51EAAE2A8880A91414E" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Flowers in July to August, fruits in August.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7C6A2A10F83CD52A59FB6054336E665B" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0A869F3DE00972C65A900B3551BB77A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Distribution in Murmansk Region.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85BA37DF26BDF4BCBFC30178375677FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
Coastal area of the White Sea, Vuorijarvi and Kuolajarvi Villages, Nivsky Village, isolated in Pasvik (Fig.
<figureCitation id="554C98134F5223FA1F8BA6C56EC3ED03" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Distribution of the Erigeron acris group in Murmansk Region, Russia A E. acris L. B E. droebachiensis O. F. Muell. C E. uralensis Less. D E. brachycephalus H. Lindb. Origin and residence status: yellow - pre-industrial alien; red - industrial alien. Maps were created using ArcGIS software by Esri. ArcGIS is the intellectual property of Esri and is used herein under license. Copyright Esri. All rights reserved." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.235.111020.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/936290" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">8D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8075DB055B9F877C8DCBEA4FA9F702B" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B50885701978016879321881AB099ED4" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Global distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A46296BEAC9E5C9FADAB033C91E5DA7" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Boreal zone of Fennoscandia and Eastern Europe, southern limit unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D4482DACA961418A3B5F297208C76DE0" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="nomenclatural note">
<paragraph id="74AE8CC7D852A2F217F83DCEA98286CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Nomenclatural note.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F5A7BC546C392EA53E64DFB6EDF80D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
The lectotype collection of
<taxonomicName id="8F9635018CE1EDA0394481C79C69CD5A" authorityName="H. Lindb., Sched. Pl. Finland. Exsicc. Fasc. 21 - 42: 88" authorityYear="1944" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Erigeron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Erigeron brachycephalus" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brachycephalus">
<emphasis id="507389BF71656251EB0DC899A1DFA2C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Erigeron brachycephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is taxonomically mixed. The designated lectotype at H (
<bibRefCitation id="28B86097D642BA2DA5CA174089F94747" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.47.1.1" author="Vaere, H" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 98" refId="B110" refString="Vaere, H, 2012. Catalogue and typifications of new taxa of vascular plants described by Finnish botanist Harald Lindberg (1871-1963). Phytotaxa 47 (1): 1 - 98, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.47.1.1" title="Catalogue and typifications of new taxa of vascular plants described by Finnish botanist Harald Lindberg (1871 - 1963)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.47.1.1" volume="47" year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="8DF271E2443DA1C51E1BB2546D77B5CE" originalValue="Väre">Vaere</normalizedToken>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
) belongs to the more hairy taxon (
<taxonomicName id="67546C0F14CC9F2826CFED988D81A0B3" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. brachycephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="brachycephalus">
<emphasis id="CA0724B37B78B2ADEF96802AB6E6A06A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">E. brachycephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.str. as defined in our work), whereas its presumed duplicates at OULU and S belong to the less hairy taxon,
<taxonomicName id="391510DB0BFAEB8D8DE0DA9232B9DA0E" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. uralensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="uralensis">
<emphasis id="59CE5072A572EF57ABE651CC6580EFB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">E. uralensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A duplicate at H is mixed, with both taxa mounted together. Although
<bibRefCitation id="A51E05F9DC2C7CF717BC33419D097CA3" author="Lindberg, H" journalOrPublisher="Tilgmanns tryckeri, Helsingfors" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" refId="B56" refString="Lindberg, H, 1944. Schedae Operis Quod Inscribitur Plantae Finlandiae Exsiccatae e Museo Botanico Universitatis Helsingforsiensis distributae, fasc. 21-42. Tilgmanns tryckeri, Helsingfors" title="Schedae Operis Quod Inscribitur Plantae Finlandiae Exsiccatae e Museo Botanico Universitatis Helsingforsiensis distributae, fasc. 21 - 42." year="1944">Lindberg (1944)</bibRefCitation>
described his new species as
<normalizedToken id="FC05555AA0F7C2C573E154C7EE944BFE" originalValue="“usually”">&quot;usually&quot;</normalizedToken>
less hairy than
<taxonomicName id="1231A103C8D6C4BAC37EF2202138098B" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. acris" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="acris">
<emphasis id="882879CBFF45E30AF0E043CEDE809036" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">E. acris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.str., by adding the word
<normalizedToken id="63CC3E4655638B165067AA0D392A8972" originalValue="“usually”">&quot;usually&quot;</normalizedToken>
he apparently included also more hairy plants as casual variants. Further collections included into the original circumscription of
<taxonomicName id="B8153A257977B937DB602096923453E3" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. brachycephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="brachycephalus">
<emphasis id="698D45F4484BAC5337E3E7368C1E348A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">E. brachycephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as other syntypes belong to even more deviating taxa, e.g.
<taxonomicName id="924891183A50ADB182EA773A8BB2EEBE" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. droebachiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="droebachiensis">
<emphasis id="641920F4CEE74612819241B8E5A353E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">E. droebachiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Although the lectotype specimen of
<taxonomicName id="926D7221BD36E33B6BF1192D9B1CD8D3" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. brachycephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="brachycephalus">
<emphasis id="6A5B34245AE13BB299309A25BEB48E05" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">E. brachycephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is different from the other parts of this collection examined by us, it cannot be treated as incongruent with the protologue because of a broader taxonomic circumscription used by
<bibRefCitation id="6D79BCD9A6A5872C95938105605F89F9" author="Lindberg, H" journalOrPublisher="Tilgmanns tryckeri, Helsingfors" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" refId="B56" refString="Lindberg, H, 1944. Schedae Operis Quod Inscribitur Plantae Finlandiae Exsiccatae e Museo Botanico Universitatis Helsingforsiensis distributae, fasc. 21-42. Tilgmanns tryckeri, Helsingfors" title="Schedae Operis Quod Inscribitur Plantae Finlandiae Exsiccatae e Museo Botanico Universitatis Helsingforsiensis distributae, fasc. 21 - 42." year="1944">Lindberg (1944)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6C653BCE28763BED2109F0873DE1E7CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="taxonomic note">
<paragraph id="EFCE1A87FEFF03BADBD0C921043CF85F" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Taxonomic note.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0DE900EFBE9FE7A4C8CAA77DB0592C34" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
This species is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="1C6C877E6EC418EF8BCB247586893CE9" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. uralensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="uralensis">
<emphasis id="0917479BB2EF1FCD2130457A25EF6787" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">E. uralensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, into which it has been recently included (
<bibRefCitation id="C838105FDB81B600EB15DF0FEAB92D99" author="Tzvelev, NN" editor="Tzvelev, NN" journalOrPublisher="7). Science Publishers, Saint-Petersburg" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" pagination="196 - 203" refId="B105" refString="Tzvelev, NN, 1994. Erigeron L. In: Tzvelev, NN, Ed., Flora of the European Part of the USSR (Vol. 7). Science Publishers, Saint-Petersburg: 196 - 203" title="Erigeron L." volumeTitle="Flora of the European Part of the USSR (Vol." year="1994">Tzvelev 1994</bibRefCitation>
). It differs from the latter in a constantly much denser and more regular pubescence on stems, synflorescence branches, leaves and involucres, and by a regular red colouration of the whole plant.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="263D96CD882D0582C414A450B2C456B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
Prior to its scientific recognition, this taxon went under the collective name
<taxonomicName id="89DE04083B9AAE4FA1B0B7872F2AAC7D" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. droebachiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="droebachiensis">
<emphasis id="608682CD4526B39F4E3A11F1545F407E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">E. droebachiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Finland (
<bibRefCitation id="E53E6D964E0C0FC378581CEA2BC8D760" author="Lindberg, H" journalOrPublisher="] Memoranda Societatis Pro Fauna et Flora Fennica" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" pagination="126 - 127" refId="B55" refString="Lindberg, H, 1938. [Oral communication on Erigeron acris s.l.] Memoranda Societatis Pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 14: 126 - 127" title="[Oral communication on Erigeron acris s. l." volume="14" year="1938">Lindberg 1938</bibRefCitation>
). It was originally collected with the co-occurring
<taxonomicName id="562EFD3F7AC7DC2AD2136816A9859415" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. acris" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="acris">
<emphasis id="924BFD7B6A0EC12C374205FAC3EEDEF0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">E. acris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.str., from which it was distinguished by the paniculate synflorescence, a greater number of smaller heads, a much lesser development of pubescence and a later flowering period (
<bibRefCitation id="89C68856649DD5B0F4C7B257B2518090" author="Lindberg, H" journalOrPublisher="Tilgmanns tryckeri, Helsingfors" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" refId="B56" refString="Lindberg, H, 1944. Schedae Operis Quod Inscribitur Plantae Finlandiae Exsiccatae e Museo Botanico Universitatis Helsingforsiensis distributae, fasc. 21-42. Tilgmanns tryckeri, Helsingfors" title="Schedae Operis Quod Inscribitur Plantae Finlandiae Exsiccatae e Museo Botanico Universitatis Helsingforsiensis distributae, fasc. 21 - 42." year="1944">Lindberg 1944</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
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<mods:title id="111C94F1F36300CED4AC6FB1273366FD">Catalogue des types de la collection de phasmes du Muséum national dHistoire naturelle de Paris (Insecta, Phasmatodea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E86938F51114B98D7CF5AF38C3AB2522">Depraetere, Marion</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="69BC0B8049282A7D6D646A2BA821C30B">Muséum national dHistoire naturelle, Direction des collections, Entomologie, case postale 50, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) depraetere. marion @ mnhn. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C24AA9E36D8A1867DFB17CB15857519E">Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), dHistoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, université des Antilles, case postale 50, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) tony. robillard @ mnhn. fr. Le catalogue coïncide avec la numérisation et linformatisation de la collection dun document électronique illustrant lensemble des spécimens traités.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="4EBB67A0BF8597AD348F2E7C155C2B8B">Zoosystema</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="317306D79781F6E63D48E8C61C38E43C">
<mods:date id="EDBF6F7A2F18AFBC0EF375DB5629BD23">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9B660D17465C4BB27736276A5F6A9BB0">41</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D96363B609A6B7CAA30B1AFF8A9E7B6B">11</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7C5DB1554E196C0F79BCF172B857F4FB">181</mods:start>
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<paragraph id="F81336983271FFFC64A223DBFAE4FB72" blockId="15.[932,1336,1171,1198]" box="[932,1336,1171,1198]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">
<heading id="A35B81F43271FFFC64A223DBFAE4FB72" box="[932,1336,1171,1198]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="194" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="3FAC4D1B3271FFFC64A223DBFB6DFB72" authority="Chopard, 1911" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1911" box="[932,1201,1171,1198]" genus="Hirtaleius" pageId="15" pageNumber="194" rank="species" species="caudatus">
<emphasis id="CAD8EA8A3271FFFC64A223DBFBD8FB72" bold="true" box="[932,1028,1171,1198]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">caudatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9C3D4B693271FFFC630D23DCFB6DFB72" author="CHOPARD L." box="[1035,1201,1172,1198]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194" pagination="315 - 350" refId="ref49189" refString="CHOPARD L. 1911. - Contribution a la faune des orthopteres de la Guyane francaise. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 80: 315 - 350." type="journal article" year="1911">Chopard, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="CAD8EA8A3271FFFC63C723DBFAF3FB72" bold="true" box="[1217,1327,1171,1198]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">Hirtaleius</emphasis>
]
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="B0B665133271FFFC642B2386FA90FAC4" pageId="15" pageNumber="194" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="F81336983271FFFC642B2386FAABFB3A" blockId="15.[813,1399,1230,1254]" box="[813,1399,1230,1254]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">
<taxonomicName id="3FAC4D1B3271FFFC642B2386FB69FB3A" authority="Chopard, 1911" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1911" box="[813,1205,1230,1254]" genus="Hirtaleius" pageId="15" pageNumber="194" rank="species" species="caudatus">
<emphasis id="CAD8EA8A3271FFFC642B2386FC3FFB3A" box="[813,995,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">Hirtaleius caudatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9C3D4B693271FFFC64EC2386FB69FB3A" author="CHOPARD L." box="[1002,1205,1230,1254]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194" pagination="315 - 350" refId="ref49189" refString="CHOPARD L. 1911. - Contribution a la faune des orthopteres de la Guyane francaise. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 80: 315 - 350." type="journal article" year="1911">Chopard, 1911: 346</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. [sans numéro].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81336983271FFFC642B2249FA90FAC4" blockId="15.[813,1356,1279,1305]" box="[813,1356,1279,1305]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">
STATUT ACTUEL. —
<emphasis id="CAD8EA8A3271FFFC64F423B7FB75FACB" box="[1010,1193,1279,1303]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">Hirtaleius caudatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9C3D4B693271FFFC63A923B7FA95FAC4" author="CHOPARD L." box="[1199,1353,1279,1304]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194" pagination="315 - 350" refId="ref49189" refString="CHOPARD L. 1911. - Contribution a la faune des orthopteres de la Guyane francaise. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 80: 315 - 350." type="journal article" year="1911">Chopard, 1911</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0B665133271FFFC642B2279FB3DF990" pageId="15" pageNumber="194" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F81336983271FFFC642B2279FB76FA94" blockId="15.[812,1455,1329,1432]" box="[813,1194,1329,1356]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">
MATÉRIEL
<typeStatus id="2717883A3271FFFC6492227EFC1DFA9A" box="[916,961,1334,1350]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">TYPE</typeStatus>
AU
<collectionCode id="9EBDAE5D3271FFFC64EE2279FBE7FA94" box="[1000,1083,1329,1352]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">MNHN</collectionCode>
. — HT
<specimenCount id="EEAAFD113271FFFC6395227DFB78FA90" box="[1171,1188,1333,1356]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194" type="female"></specimenCount>
.
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<paragraph id="F81336983271FFFC642B2204FC19FA44" blockId="15.[812,1455,1329,1432]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">
<materialsCitation id="48C43CC53271FFFC642B2204FC19FA44" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">
HT
<specimenCount id="EEAAFD113271FFFC64512207FCB4FABA" box="[855,872,1359,1382]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194" type="female"></specimenCount>
(MNHN-EO-PHAS543):
<collectingCountry id="80BB76083271FFFC637E2203FB18FABF" box="[1144,1220,1355,1379]" name="French Guiana" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">Guyane</collectingCountry>
franç[ai]se, S[ain]t-Jean du Maroni, Août [1908], collection Le Moult, collection Lucien Chopard 1914.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81336983271FFFC642B229BFC79FA37" blockId="15.[811,1456,1491,1613]" box="[813,933,1491,1517]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">REMARQUE</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81336983271FFFC642B22BBFB3DF990" blockId="15.[811,1456,1491,1613]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">
Une autre
<specimenCount id="EEAAFD113271FFFC64A722BFFC68F9CC" box="[929,948,1527,1552]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194" type="female"></specimenCount>
(MNHN-EO-PHAS544) nest pas répertoriée par
<bibRefCitation id="9C3D4B693271FFFC6452215AFBDFF9F1" author="CHOPARD L." box="[852,1027,1554,1581]" pageId="15" pageNumber="194" pagination="315 - 350" refId="ref49189" refString="CHOPARD L. 1911. - Contribution a la faune des orthopteres de la Guyane francaise. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 80: 315 - 350." type="journal article" year="1911">Chopard (1911)</bibRefCitation>
:
<collectingCountry id="80BB76083271FFFC6315215BFBBBF9F1" box="[1043,1127,1555,1581]" name="French Guiana" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">Guyane</collectingCountry>
franç[aise], S[ain]t-Laurent du Maroni, novembre, collection Le Moult.
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@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8051" ID-PMC="PMC5018104" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--8051" ID-PubMed="27660527" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e8051" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal and Sri Lanka: an annotated provisional catalogue, regional checklist and bibliography" checkinTime="1553126039217" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Price, Benjamin Wills, Allan, Elizabeth Louise, Marathe, Kiran, Sarkar, Vivek, Simon, Chris &amp; Kunte, Krushnamegh" docDate="2016" docId="70059F2AD2A691114196FDAE68FB7150" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e8051" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8051" docTitle="Platypleura affinis subsp. affinis Fabricius 1803" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="8051" masterDocId="FFBCFFC3FFF87B221221FFA2FFE0FF8E" masterDocTitle="The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal and Sri Lanka: an annotated provisional catalogue, regional checklist and bibliography" masterLastPageNumber="8051" masterPageNumber="8051" pageNumber="8051" updateTime="1668126885254" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:namePart>Price, Benjamin Wills</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Allan, Elizabeth Louise</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Marathe, Kiran</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Sarkar, Vivek</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Simon, Chris</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kunte, Krushnamegh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70059F2AD2A691114196FDAE68FB7150" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70059F2AD2A691114196FDAE68FB7150" lastPageNumber="8051" pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">
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<taxonomicName authority="Fabricius, 1803" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1803" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Platypleura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platypleura affinis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8051" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="affinis" subSpecies="affinis">Platypleura affinis affinis (Fabricius, 1803)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="8051" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Tettigonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tettigonia affinis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8051" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">Tettigonia affinis</taxonomicName>
Fabricius, 1803
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Platypleura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platypleura nicobarica" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8051" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicobarica">Platypleura nicobarica</taxonomicName>
Butler, 1877 (nec Atkinson, 1884)
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">
<materialsCitation collectionCode="MZLU" country="India" location="India Orientali" pageId="0" pageNumber="8051" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
Type status:
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. Occurrence: individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">1</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Platypleuraaffinisaffinis (Fabricius, 1803); Location: continent: Asia; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">India</collectingCountry>
; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70059F2AD2A691114196FDAE68FB7150:6909A7AAE5CC8CB8B3B3F9C14EAA5394" country="India" name="India Orientali" pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">India Orientali</location>
; Record Level: institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">MZLU</collectionCode>
; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectionCode="NHMUK" country="India" location="Nicobar Islands" pageId="0" pageNumber="8051" specimenCode="BMNH (E) 1009510" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">BMNH(E) 1009510</specimenCode>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">1</specimenCount>
; sex:
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; Taxon: scientificName: Platypleuraaffinisaffinis (Fabricius, 1803); Location: continent: Asia; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">India</collectingCountry>
; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70059F2AD2A691114196FDAE68FB7150:18F8AD4CEEF8E76158B694BE33E70972" country="India" name="Nicobar Islands" pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">Nicobar Islands</location>
; Record Level: institutionCode:
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; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">[Metcalf, 1963] India; Cape of Good Hope (?); Eastern India; Nicobar Islands. [Sanborn, 2014] India Oriental.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8051">
Authority:
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</paragraph>
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@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="E85C3499235D4DCDA1D0DC6052AFFC51">Titli Trust, 49 Rajpur Road Enclave, Dhoran Khas, near IT Park, P. O. Gujrada, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="F1FD90A215EDA6D86B46DE02EBB481F2">Conservation Education Centre - ABWLS, Delhi Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary, Near Karni Singh Shooting Range, New Delhi, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="601C8F89C4656E379F5E627EE684D556">Department of Biology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="ED40EF15DE511E709EB253572C13CE07">
<mods:date id="2284C780546E11A8CABC2E7006E7CF06">2021</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="A0D67F810F1E0E6F4F18AE237B17FE38" pageId="0" pageNumber="73997">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4FB8FE773DFCDC7EA08C7696AC74B8A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="73997">
<bibRefCitation id="C5372622630F2D7EC627D1048A346912" author="Kumar, Rajesh" journalOrPublisher="LAP Lambert Academic Publishing" pageId="0" pageNumber="73997" refId="B7336410" refString="Kumar, Rajesh, Ramamurthy, V V, Kumar, Neeraj, 2012. Biosystematics of major lepidopteran pests of vegetables. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing" title="Biosystematics of major lepidopteran pests of vegetables" year="2012">Kumar et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="099DC5A121A41B82E3D2BAFD4ED5B490" author="Paul, M" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Current Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="73997" pagination="56208 - 56214" refId="B7136557" refString="Paul, M, Das, SK, Singh, R, Pathania, PC, 2017. Study and updated checklist of moths (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) in selected areas of Delhi, India. International Journal of Current Research 9 (08): 56208 - 56214" title="Study and updated checklist of moths (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) in selected areas of Delhi, India" volume="9" year="2017">Paul et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
; Fig.
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<figureCitation id="A533147CC13DAB8CD6A80EF26EA02268" captionStartId="F7332026" pageId="0" pageNumber="73997">b</figureCitation>
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<mods:namePart>Jarvis, Charlie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hedysarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biarticulatum">
<emphasis bold="true" pageNumber="559">Hedysarum biarticulatum</emphasis>
Linnaeus
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2
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: 747. 1753
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<paragraph pageNumber="559">&quot;Habitat in India.&quot; RCN: 5511.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageNumber="559">
<typeStatus>Lectotype</typeStatus>
(Dy Phon in Morat,
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Fl. Cambodge Laos
<normalizedToken originalValue="Viêtnam">Vietnam</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
27: 44. 1994): [icon] &quot;
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Noronha" authorityYear="1790" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hedysarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trifoliatum">Hedysarum trifoliatum</taxonomicName>
, siliculis glabris, peltatis, geminis inarticulatis
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&quot; in Burman, Thes. Zeylan.: 114, t. 50, f. 2. 1737.
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<paragraph pageNumber="559">
Current name:
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="559">Desmodium biarticulatum</emphasis>
(L.) F. Muell.
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(
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:
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).
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<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="559">Note:</emphasis>
Although Pedley (in Dassanayake &amp; Clayton,
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="559">Revised Handb. Fl. Ceylon</emphasis>
10: 167. 1996) indicated Herb. Hermann 1: 25 and 3: 15 (BM) as
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, subsequently restricted to the latter collection (in
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="559">Taxon</emphasis>
46: 471. 1997), Dy
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<mods:namePart>Acal, Dale Ann P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Andres Bonifacio Ave., Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Wiesner, Juergen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Dresdener Ring 11, D- 38444, Wolfsburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Nuneza, Olga M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Andres Bonifacio Ave., Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Jaskula, Radomir</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8949-848X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12 / 16, 90 - 237, Lodz, Poland</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">radomir.jaskula@biol.uni.lodz.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<taxonomicName LSID="7006C54E-0014-59A8-B8AE-E75BF63B30E2" authority="(Fabricius, 1801)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1801" class="Insecta" family="Cicindelidae" genus="Cylindera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindera (Ifasina) viduata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viduata" subGenus="Ifasina">Cylindera (Ifasina) viduata (Fabricius, 1801)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Habitats of tiger beetles from Northern Mindanao region: Calomera angulata angulata (C-E) (sites 10 - 12), C. lacrymosa (C, E) (sites 10, 12), C. mindanaoensis (C-F, H) (sites 10 - 13, 15), Cylindera discreta elaphroides (A, C-E) (sites 9 - 12), C. minuta (A, C-E) (sites 9 - 12), C. viduata (G) (site 14), Lophyra striolata tenuiscripta (G) (site 14), Therates coracinus coracinus (B) (site 10) (descriptions of sites in Table 1; photographs A, C-H DAPA, B RJ)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.34500.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509189" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Figures 3G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Distribution of A Thopeutica (T.) milanae B T. (Thopeutica) virginea C Cylindera (Eugrapha) minuta D C. (Ifasina) discreta elaphroides E C. (Ifasina) mouthiezi, and F C. (Ifasina) viduata in Northern Mindanao region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.34500.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509196" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">, 10F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="37">General distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="37">
Species recorded from Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; in the Philippines is was noted from the following islands: Leyte, Mindanao, Palawan, and Tawi-tawi; in Mindanao recorded only on the basis of general information (
<bibRefCitation author="Cabras, AA" journalOrPublisher="Lambillionea" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" pagination="188 - 201" refId="B6" refString="Cabras, AA, Cabigas, E, Wiesner, J, 2016a. Updated checklist of tiger beetles in the Philippines (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Cicindelidae) (131th. Contribution towards the knowledge of Cicindelidae). Lambillionea 116 (3): 188 - 201" title="Updated checklist of tiger beetles in the Philippines (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Cicindelidae) (131 th. Contribution towards the knowledge of Cicindelidae)." volume="116" year="2016 a">Cabras et al. 2016a</bibRefCitation>
); here we provide the first records from Northern Mindanao region.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Bukidnon province</emphasis>
: Mt. Kitanglad, 11-12.2014, 1♀, leg. N. Mohagan (JWC);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Camiguin province</emphasis>
: Camiguin Island, Municipality of Sagay, Barangay Bonbon, Sagay River, 28 m a.s.l., 08.07.2017, 2♂♂, leg. D. A. P. Acal (DAC);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Lanao del Norte province</emphasis>
: Iligan City, Barangay Bonbonon,
<geoCoordinate degrees="8.265458" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="8.265458">8.265458N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="124.310138" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.310135">124.310138E</geoCoordinate>
, 47 m a.s.l., 29.05.2017, 3♂♂ 2♀♀, leg. D. A. P. Acal (DAC); 11.2019, 1ex., leg. R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jaskuła">Jaskula</normalizedToken>
(RJC); Iligan City - Barangay Esperanza,
<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="8.17">8°10'12&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="124" direction="east" minutes="0" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="22" value="124.00611">124°0'22&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 27 m a.s.l., 08.06.2017, 3♀♀, leg. D. A. P. Acal (DAC); Municipality of Bacolod, Barangay Mati,
<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="9" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="4" value="8.151111">8°9'4&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="124" direction="east" minutes="0" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="57" value="124.01583">124°0'57&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 53 m a.s.l., 05-07.2017, 22♂♂ 13♀♀, leg. D. A. P. Acal (DAC), 13.12.2018, 2♂♂, leg. D. A. P. Acal (DAC);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Misamis Occidental province</emphasis>
: Municipality of Sinacaban, Barangay San Isidro,
<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="5" value="8.284722">8°17'5&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="123" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="5" value="123.78472">123°47'5&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 269 m a.s.l., 05-07.2017, 8♂♂ 5♀♀, leg. D. A. P. Acal (DAC);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Misamis Oriental province</emphasis>
: Mambuntan Falls, Barangay Lubilan, Naawan Municipality,
<geoCoordinate degrees="8.412300" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="8.4123">8.412300N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="124.351642" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.35164">124.351642E</geoCoordinate>
, 11.2019, 2exx., ad lucem, leg. R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jaskuła">Jaskula</normalizedToken>
(RJC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="37" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Species noted from trails along riverine areas, river banks, cultivated corn and ginger fields (pers. obs.).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="37" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="37">
This species co-occurs with
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Illiger" baseAuthorityYear="1800" class="Insecta" family="Cicindelidae" genus="Lophyra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lophyra striolata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striolata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Lophyra striolata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in agricultural fields (pers. obs.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
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<taxonomicName id="24B5945570C775293D5349DB7A1617F5" genus="Ichneumonoidea" lsidName="Ichneumonoidea excavatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" rank="species" species="excavatus">excavatus</taxonomicName>
Tobias, 1972; synonymy by
<bibRefCitation id="5DF8B61B5BEFC5005D074A3040CB4284" author="Papp, J." journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" pagination="115 - 134" title="Revision of C. Wesmael's Chelonus species (HymenopteraBraconidaeCheloninae)." volume="65" year="1995">Papp (1995b)</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="A6F1FFC505FBFB6465959B8004246053" pageNumber="480">&quot;Habitat in Germania, Gallia, Italia.&quot; RCN: 3013.</paragraph>
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(Nair in Jarvis &amp; al.,
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127: 42. 1993): Herb. Clifford: 161,
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1, sheet A (BM-000558738)
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<typeStatus id="DDD58C1DA91BC47BBD5CC137AD944D8C">Generitype</typeStatus>
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<emphasis id="760A2C051663309AFC092792FF5F9B11" italics="true" pageNumber="480">Dictamnus</emphasis>
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Current name:
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<emphasis id="D3242265AE1536C7BD48B8B7F1FFC685" bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="480">Dictamnus albus</emphasis>
</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="7B0548B2EA5179101BD820C37402669E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="EA6F7B81C058819076B7E9703FAEB786" italics="true" pageNumber="480">Note:</emphasis>
Townsend (in Rechinger,
<emphasis id="5786881FD99C7659EC9AE94CB71DD3CE" italics="true" pageNumber="480">Fl. Iranica</emphasis>
36: 1. 1966) indicated 536.1 (LINN) as type, but this sheet is unannotated by Linnaeus and cannot be original material for the name.
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<taxonomicName id="8973BBF29D2242B41C0CBB5AA29418C7" ID-CoL="79S5" ID-ENA="55926" authority="Haliday, 1833" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhyssalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyssalus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhyssalus Haliday, 1833</taxonomicName>
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Tobias,1977
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Sphecidae</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/9BA8B6CF-6341-4799-91B4-23A7E013E82F" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphex jucundus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jucundus">Sphex jucundus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="59" pageNumber="60">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Holotype. ♂, AUSTRALIA:WA: 6 km N of Winning HS,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-23.1">23°06'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="114.55">114°33'E</geoCoordinate>
, 30.03.1971, E. F. Riek (ANIC). Paratypes. [COUNTRY UNKNOWN]:[state unknown]: [no specific locality], 1♀ (ZMB). AUSTRALIA:NSW: Bourke, 1♀, 03.01.1954, K. M. Moore (AMS); Broken Hill, 1♂, 09.03.2001, M. Ohl (ZMB); 10 km N of Broken Hill, 2♀, 3♂, 11.03.2001, M. Ohl (ZMB), 4♀, 10♂, 12.03.2001, M. Ohl (ZMB), 1♀, 1♂, 13.03.2001, M. Ohl (ZMB); NT: Alexandria, Nicholson, 2♂, W. Stalker (BMNH); Port Darwin, 1♀, 01.02.1902 (BMNH), 2♂ (BMNH); QLD: Camooweal, 1♂, 18.05.1972, G. B. &amp; S. R. Monteith (ANIC); 45 km S of Collinsville, 1♀, 16.01.1987, M. S. &amp; B. J. Moulds (AMS); Westwood, 1♀, 25.11.1923, A. N. Burns (ANIC); SA: Adelaide, 1♂ (ZMB); Clements Gap Conservation Park,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-33.478333">33°28.7'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="138.065">138°03.9'E</geoCoordinate>
, 2♂, 18.12.2010, V. Ahrens &amp; W. J. Pulawski (CAS); Cocata Conservation Park,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-33.283333">33°17.0'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="135.32834">135°19.7'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1♂, 03.01.2011, V. Ahrens &amp; W. J. Pulawski (CAS); 55 km ESE of Kimba, on Kimba/Iron Knob road, 1♂, 12.12.1995, M. S. &amp; B. J. Moulds &amp; K. A. Kopestonsky (AMS); Lake Gilles Conservation Park, 1♀, 01.02.1995, L. Packer, M. Schwarz, P. Hurst, Y. Pamula (ZMB); WA: Bullsbrook, 1♂, 13.02.1966, O. W. Richards (BMNH); Bunbury, 2♂, 03.01.1957, A. Snell (AMS), 1♂, 01.01.1961, A. Snell (AMS); Deep
<pageBreakToken pageId="60" pageNumber="61" start="start">Dene</pageBreakToken>
, Karridale, 1♂, 19.01.1965, L. M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="OHalloran">O'Halloran</normalizedToken>
(ANIC); Kalamunda, 1♀, 09.-28.02.1914, R. E. Turner (BMNH), 1♀, 14.03.-14.04.1914, R. E. Turner (BMNH); 40 km SE Kalbarri,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-27.848333">27°50.9'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="114.475">114°28.5'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1♀, 05.11.2008, V. Ahrens &amp; W. J. Pulawski (CAS); Marloo Station, 1♀, 01.01.1935, Gebr. Goerling (ZMB), 1♀, 1♂, 01.02.1935, Gebr. Goerling (ZMB), 1♀, 01.01.1936, A. Goerling (ZMB), 1♀, Dec 34, Gebr. Goerling (ZMB); Meekatharra, 1♂, 18.01.1961, A. Snell (AMS); 55 km S of Newman, 1♀, 1♂, 08.04.1971, E. F. Riek (ANIC); Perth, 1♂, 10.-18.02.1936, R. E. Turner (BMNH); S of Perth, 1♀, 12.01.1905, H. M. Giles (BMNH), Serpentine Falls, Darling Ranges, 1♀, 20.01.1971, G. A. Holloway (AMS); Shire of Shark Bay, Francois Peron National Park, 25.906233°, 113.526010°, 1♀, 12.01.2010, L. Breitkreuz (ZMB); Tuckanarra Hill, 2♂, 16.11.1961, A. Snell (AMS); Urawa Nature Reserve ca 5 km N Mullewa,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-28.493334">28°29.6'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="115.49167">115°29.5'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1♂, 11.11.2008, V. Ahrens &amp; W. J. Pulawski (CAS)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
The combination of black legs, a black metasoma, wings hyaline at the base, exclusively silvery-white pubescence on the clypeus and a petiole considerably longer than flagellomere II separates
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphex jucundus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jucundus">Sphex jucundus</taxonomicName>
from all other species in the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphex subtruncatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtruncatus">Sphex subtruncatus</taxonomicName>
group except
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphex bilobatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilobatus">Sphex bilobatus</taxonomicName>
. In contrast to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphex bilobatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilobatus">Sphex bilobatus</taxonomicName>
which possesses a convex scutellum with a medial impression, females of
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have a flat scutellum without any impressions; while the visible part of metasomal sternum VIII in male
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is modified into two long lobes that are even visible from above, while sternum VIII of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphex jucundus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jucundus">Sphex jucundus</taxonomicName>
is entire.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Body length 18.7-20.0 mm. Body black, mandible ferruginous basally. Wing membrane completely hyaline, only with slightly fuscous band at apex of forewing. Wing veins light to dark brown. Appressed pubescence and erect setae on clypeus and frons silvery-white. Clypeus with medialglabrous stripe. Pubescence on mesosoma silvery-white, on scutum denser laterally and posteriorly. Tomentum moderately dense on metasomal tergum I, sparse on tergum II.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
Female: Free clypeal margin simple, clypeus elevated medially above margin, pubescent near margin. Distance between hind- ocelli almost equal to their shortest distance to compound eyes. Forebasitarsal rake with 12 long spines. Scutellum flat, without impressions. Pubescence on propodeal enclosure mostly concealing sculpture. Length of petiole 1.25
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of flagellomere II.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
Male: Free clypeal margin truncate, concave towards center. Clypeus near margin glabrous. Distance between hind- ocelli 1.25
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their shortest distance to compound eyes. Scutellum convex, with medial impression. Pubescence on propodeal enclosure sparse enough to leave sculpture visible. Length of petiole 1.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of flagellomere II. Several erect silvery setae on metasomal terga
<normalizedToken originalValue="VVII">V-VII</normalizedToken>
. Silvery pubescence on margin of metasomal sternum VII and on metasomal sternum VIII. Metasomal sternum VIII entire, its lateral margin concave.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<paragraph pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
Figure 37.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphex jucundus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jucundus">Sphex jucundus</taxonomicName>
. A ♀, habitus B collecting localities, the combined symbol indicates that males and females were found in the same locality.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="61" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="61" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
In this species, males and females closely resemble each other, except for commonly sexually dimorphic characters such as the scutellum. Due to this dimorphism, however, the females are easier to define as a new species than the males. At most, only four other females in the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphex subtruncatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtruncatus">Sphex subtruncatus</taxonomicName>
group are known to have a flat scutellum.
<pageBreakToken pageId="61" pageNumber="62" start="start">Two</pageBreakToken>
of those are distinguished in having golden pubescence on the propodeal enclosure, and the petiole of the other two is considerably shorter than flagellomere II.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
One character was found in which males and females of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphex jucundus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jucundus">Sphex jucundus</taxonomicName>
differ from each other and which is usually not a sexually dimorphic feature among Australian
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphex</taxonomicName>
, the density of the pubescence on the propodeal enclosure. However, this argument alone would not be sufficient to demonstrate that they belong to different species. The identical coloration of the wings in males and females as well as the conspicuously dense tomentum both have on their metasomal tergum I are only a few of their shared features. Finally, a great number of males and females come from the same or from nearby localities, which is another indication that both form one species (Fig. 26).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
Jucundus is a Latin adjective, meaning
<normalizedToken originalValue="“pleasant”">&quot;pleasant&quot;</normalizedToken>
or
<normalizedToken originalValue="“merry”">&quot;merry&quot;</normalizedToken>
. The name was apparently chosen by J. van der Vecht when he so labeled individuals of this species in the 1970s, but without describing it. The name was adopted to credit J. van der Vecht.
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1)
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Anthocoris amplicollis (
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, 1839)
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="170">Trophic status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="170">Zoophagous.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="170" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="170">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="170">Europe.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="170" type="prey">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="170">Prey.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="170">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Psylla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psylla buxi" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buxi">Psylla buxi</taxonomicName>
(Linnaeus, 1758), from
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Buxaceae" genus="Buxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Buxus sempervirens" order="Buxales" pageId="1" pageNumber="170" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sempervirens">Buxus sempervirens</taxonomicName>
, Nova Galenika, 13.VI.2009, reared 3♂♂, 2♀♀.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="170">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Anthocoridae" genus="Anthocoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthocoris amplicollis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplicollis">Anthocoris amplicollis</taxonomicName>
was already reported in Serbia (
<bibRefCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="170">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Protić">Protic</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Stojanović">Stojanovic</normalizedToken>
2003
</bibRefCitation>
) but the above mentioned record is the first one in Serbia as a psyllid predator. In Switzerland, it was registered by
<bibRefCitation author="Wyniger, D" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="15" pageNumber="184" pagination="1 - 136" title="Die Landwanzenfauna (Hemiptera, Heteroptera) von Basel (Schweiz) und Umgebung." volume="76" year="2003">Wyniger and Burckhardt (2003)</bibRefCitation>
in galls of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Psyllopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psyllopsis fraxini" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fraxini">Psyllopsis fraxini</taxonomicName>
. According to available literature data,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Anthocoridae" genus="Anthocoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthocoris amplicollis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplicollis">Anthocoris amplicollis</taxonomicName>
has not been published as a predator of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" genus="Psylla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psylla buxi" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buxi">Psylla buxi</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,388 @@
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</mods:location>
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<treatment id="700823DC34BA3764D09EDD3A20771A88" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10921319" ID-GBIF-Taxon="224776912" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10921319" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700823DC34BA3764D09EDD3A20771A88" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/700823DC34BA3764D09EDD3A20771A88">
<subSubSection id="7EB7F1100E0F3294551FB6810C0DF09D" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3BE5DA3EB7895BD7B0AF41B81C82896D">
<taxonomicName id="E7FB01CE4C015658DF84D04B83B8F021" ID-CoL="458ZB" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">
<emphasis id="B87C52418D722DB06A18AEBD7313FF72" italics="true">Myriophyllum heterophyllum</emphasis>
Michx.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CB0E904697A85AF3CEFFE7886DED12D3" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="E37029CD3A7276669BADBD6ED2005D00">
<vernacularName id="5B7BD0CAF5B43D9CBA58EC8B94290D51">
<normalizedToken id="BC6F5B91BBFE13024F7FA0A5BE687E66" originalValue="Verschiedenblättriges">Verschiedenblaettriges</normalizedToken>
Tausendblatt
</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5130F7F0D28700FE9DAB968B5205A1FD" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="A137797B5FB2982CCA730D92CF24BF20">
Art ISFS: 267700 Checklist: 1029890
<taxonomicName id="2C4B6EA57B78B5710BE90571C95660FA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Haloragaceae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="EF5EB3A4DF6359D0B9E5C40B9ED305E2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Myriophyllum</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="33186D32A5F2434EFADDC5EC9E72B791" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E4DCB0AEE391E35348480B8FA696367E">
<heading id="4369A234457DA448D2AA2CA78D98CBD8">Zusammenfassung</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8597C9A4D432D63E1D0B9FF7268269C" type="description">
<paragraph id="D01CCA8A31AB78E9A9DA3DBF6A78E1B8">
Artbeschreibung
<emphasis id="223C130BE8441E53B21C990CE01A7248" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="A3F85F385CE22717D6EC956A5AEA4646" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: Wie
<taxonomicName id="CF8B4A0566C0221123E93F5359F9CD54" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verticillatum">
<emphasis id="42BFBE3A9D14EEB7406006D15DBDFE6A" italics="true">M. verticillatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, aber
<normalizedToken id="777C2219C74EE6ADEBC0B2343E10AE8B" originalValue="Tauchblätter">Tauchblaetter</normalizedToken>
mit nur 4-15 Abschnitten,
<normalizedToken id="018F734C4753A1581453E61A6EB1B5DD" originalValue="Tragblätter">Tragblaetter</normalizedToken>
ungeteilt,
<normalizedToken id="0CD7C10D86588A7766B2655DE31671B8" originalValue="gezähnt">gezaehnt</normalizedToken>
.
<normalizedToken id="2F8285AD1F4EE9FFD09632B3D890AB83" originalValue="Staubblätter">Staubblaetter</normalizedToken>
4.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C41B9BEE3BE6C8AA56116D01EBF84D87" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="E78FEFCA5BAF51FDC44916BE86759807">
<normalizedToken id="E76195A086D0F1B54133F7CCDB10BA34" originalValue="Blütezeit">Bluetezeit</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="64B8A5E8C05E6FDF740270C36527CBE1" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="B10816DB6654BC0F0631658515F4260F" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: 6-9
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F172D0BA0FA8ED6E896C5C8D25AA019D">Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz M (ZH)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6624649D630E3AA562B28F69CAF914D4" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CB5820F0534D51C73778F03AF1E5A180">
Verbreitung global
<emphasis id="29B0BA13285585D87DB41735694806DB" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="941E60B8BE68BC833C04A280E4727380" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: Nordamerikanisch
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4185EAF76EFEE415BB5FD1E69CA9C517" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="28CBA834294AFEF4E80F0F2F5497FC8D">
<normalizedToken id="C61393575A7E7EF763D5A330FDE0EEEB" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte
<emphasis id="F837D9E2682DC07AD7710ED5475A0432" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="F5E219E4A976F206E60A5EA5E8BDE6D1" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
534-452.a.2n=?
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="31C64BF8FDCF9AE6411156A896BCFF87" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="A5D2099F5A9D4007BFA4839028CB7ADA">
<heading id="6571C3BCEAF25BF608A31599A01F5E74">
<normalizedToken id="8725880AA715FBE052D4E8866D9DE5FD" originalValue="Ökologie">Oekologie</normalizedToken>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1127BF9BBED8E0FAEB439F8AC3F853">Lebensform Hydrophyt</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C46ECC4731BB20C333FABABB7C6073B">
<heading id="BEE48E21340B00F6DD839835777114DA">Lebensraum Lebensraum</heading>
nach
<bibRefCitation id="7559BF9F9626DFADB2E0FCAB2F77EB9B" author="Delarze, R. &amp; Gonseth, Y. &amp; Eggenberger, S. &amp; Vust, M." location="Bad Hersfeld, Germany" publisher="Ott Verlag" refString="Delarze, R., Gonseth, Y., Eggenberger, S., Vust, M. 2015. Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie Gefährdung Kennarten (3rd edition). Ott Verlag, Bad Hersfeld, Germany, 456 pp." title="Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie Gefährdung Kennarten (3rd edition)" year="2015">Delarze &amp; al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D638BB5BB871C5D3B245D0F2A4BCE5D">
<table id="8D8FA2299B5E0427B7FC956315B707F4" class="table" inLine="true">
<tr id="9058E928EACA63D1157091FAFFB5CA69">
<td id="6238E9A0DB839A572507F648C14ABF8C">
<tbody id="CD3023169A485E8CE54A16FD3D6D85AB">
1.1.2 - Laichkrautgesellschaften (
<emphasis id="5CA5EE68112C06575BA0BB71D8321494" italics="true">Potamion</emphasis>
)
</tbody>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2C9E5A111423B32E92A7D1A410C3B031">
<tableNote id="E7BE55EEC875C4DEA3869F6936E09F67">
<emphasis id="8F79979FC9F058CA4CE90282CAF456FC" bold="true">fett</emphasis>
<emphasis id="CA6CDBFA4B0A692C7E9100A835FA29B1" italics="true">
Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes
<normalizedToken id="5CDF8D2D2F4A54FE6CBB3FE92CACD7E6" originalValue="mitprägt">mitpraegt</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1FBC6082E998369332B6FEC03FD48A57" italics="true">Charakterart</emphasis>
<emphasis id="42A131F1BA60741DC877CAD3D1A8DCDE" italics="true">Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art</emphasis>
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E5C83EE1C3A3628813068447E6839F41" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="20ECE4C84B56A877240633020D7DDB78">
<normalizedToken id="5C6A33926EBC4C5450B9D26AEB9681F3" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="7A3EF6FE7B90FDAAA54C7F51CA88D5CC" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ACAA55521E2437515D39633DEA7653F4">
<table id="0095C51595E44D0F76184F373BFC59B1" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="91F8E6BD2BC754C2262F37BB96674018">
<tr id="18EBC27438AB2036FC90AA8A7414FB46">
<th id="FE24055F23A52A34B49AE677BD308D8C" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="6DF41D16E2B96E75532D74652F6EC7CE" bold="true">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="F1207B33B298A17FF7E5000A7F61E1C4" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="EB1BDE23EC382297E92EB64C66876DE9" bold="true">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="FD7E37A019834F56C6029E296F450E38" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="B8C8AC86AC65958A749D388876581816" bold="true">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="32BA34E105E5BD66598B327A877406F2">
<td id="12E8966DCD366B369EC81CAAF11F368E">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="6644CEE2F0CAC514D6E2EA162A04DEF2" style="text-align:left;width:100px">
<normalizedToken id="12BD86C50DE07E5B144E6F4C6841B576" originalValue="überschwemmt">ueberschwemmt</normalizedToken>
, bzw. unter Wasser
</td>
<td id="144CD099652547C5A1603AC1996CE76D">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="C4E94BA9F542C886E1A5E605C05D5C5E" style="text-align:left;width:60px">hell</td>
<td id="5159BCCACE8FD1BE89796EDB9BF74ED3">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="24C752C13534731D45273E8DE074541C" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="859B1740B169F4981CED44F73AF1DCB2">
<td id="D6018095BFB87E7B5FA6F419CD450FF3">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="EB0AB3826D5B6649A200F83BCE64A76F" style="text-align:left">schwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)</td>
<td id="B56EC7DECF17AC256C803FE981C11712">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="07404DF2EB4431C186AE465CC689E0C6" style="text-align:left">
sehr warm-kollin (nur an
<normalizedToken id="9A3165B961D4990B6A389A0815A66B6A" originalValue="wärmsten">waermsten</normalizedToken>
Stellen, Hauptverbreitung in
<normalizedToken id="9A20F465D78386144CE54866E3D21631" originalValue="Südeuropa">Suedeuropa</normalizedToken>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E021E7E2EB9234E55C952F4603418AD2">
<td id="BA39033149ABF1443CC83324CE9C8210">
<normalizedToken id="946D61D33BD403A09145015F9D534783" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
<td id="17F2BBA7FA94139765F254473F884AB3" style="text-align:left">
<normalizedToken id="5D8C75E1DBA4D5E18FFCA65D0616F4E6" originalValue="nährstoffreich">naehrstoffreich</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="A079B90D69D81882B8BCE1402972CC32">
<normalizedToken id="776C1745631DE5989F25DC25386CA5B9" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="F975C8FE93AD8227408A6CC996124A1A" style="text-align:left">subozeanisch (hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit, geringe Temperaturschwankungen, eher milde Winter)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CE52A2287DD83AD060D6543F42F7882" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8E7DEC4D1828146EC81818292639A5E9">
<heading id="F7776677E557C3BB7594E3E19EA02F5C">Nomenklatur</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2950854EF4E4ECA870D2D52466BFF76B">
<treatmentCitation id="D4BA6AAAA659743851645978053D2ABA">
<heading id="6E41230CC008D2E64060A7F668079018">
<normalizedToken id="4DDAF89D320412CD06284DA96B0523DE" originalValue="Gültiger">Gueltiger</normalizedToken>
Name (
<bibRefCitation id="8283C054D98095A5C975A9C62B7418ED" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</heading>
:
<taxonomicName id="ED43ED4A4495E6BA4B9EA5A9476949AC" ID-CoL="458ZB" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">
<emphasis id="D2EF455223AA114C15EA46275E29D0EE" italics="true">Myriophyllum heterophyllum</emphasis>
Michx.
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FDE3131203C9F12CE13708E49D6A5BFB" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="70D559B220BE606C16A88FA5FBD35087">
Volksname Deutscher Name:
<vernacularName id="49B9837CAC7586A3CC971B258F543EF0" language="deu">
<normalizedToken id="3E912947D02AB24A2518DE8121B0627D" originalValue="Verschiedenblättriges">Verschiedenblaettriges</normalizedToken>
Tausendblatt
</vernacularName>
Nom
<normalizedToken id="E093AB98443EA31C6AF170756B3845EF" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
:
<vernacularName id="56F0C9796D716C5D21781AE9EA88E8FE" language="fra">
Myriophylle
<normalizedToken id="5ACF341360413B5E9808909FA641FC94" originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
feuilles de deux formes
</vernacularName>
Nome italiano:
<vernacularName id="1E5E1993A5ACDB9C3600000B0400ECE7" language="ita">Millefoglio a due forme di foglie</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70EBC4E11EA6C748A07F9196462179CC" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E27BBB3EEDEBF02D0F4D1EEF2FF98EDC">
<normalizedToken id="E15B33CAE2123228A2A6580DC6A4E640" originalValue="Übereinstimmung">Uebereinstimmung</normalizedToken>
mit anderen Referenzwerken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC77607373F98DB24FD59A132295C246">
<table id="BDABC2F80FFDDE3506D47346CC6DB313" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="5F2EB3D90A87BD2207612EAC2DE6EF12">
<tr id="77DC547452EFA80CF83EC91635CA3DF4">
<th id="FA0A60A3B1B94D36378760A66C37D758" width="80px">Relation</th>
<th id="490BB79821A01752075787195ABBDF87">Nom</th>
<th id="19B0FED69D13AE72AE29DE565A015DC4">Referenzwerke</th>
<th id="CA5775718BF6295B5EAD0E1F8D15A11F" width="90px">No</th>
</tr>
<tr id="4F61E909D7D717BABEFA70D9108109DD">
<td id="2831409DE8B24080A5030E3291F06721" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="1F23710D7077162A59CE3E56CC461ABE">
<taxonomicName id="7CF5A55D15E43D7E9534E213D8629BED" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="D8D5265DE3FB0949287482B7752366FC">
<treatmentCitation id="BFD9E2AD9B14EA6EC585A666DB869C5A">
<bibRefCitation id="E3FB659F2ABB4D12CAEB625E984AD541" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="B0B906F1F919EBC8106D44BCB4B94A70">267700</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3D822BD3DF79A0211791C458E79D6454">
<td id="93FF6E82449F6C91BE2B67963A9FAAFC" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="588E438977FBD33B923A142BEDA72097">
<taxonomicName id="C91727C9D297D65EA3F70B93674D33EC" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="4C99BCAE0F566B1BE40F708FA4FFF97F">
<treatmentCitation id="694685852EBC430A813DF7BE21FF7440">
<bibRefCitation id="C86D9945FEC87C3B1F0DE504A07593C3">Flora Helvetica 2001</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="0ADBE47195D9F4B9FEBAA866716FAF6A">1255a</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3929216D770AB4CAEC03E7DD9967EFF5">
<td id="E744676D647EC9651391DB074350487D" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="A37739DD882810210D39541EC3CD9116">
<taxonomicName id="5DA2626756CCBB85C93F0ACDD53AE172" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="04A883A7A3EA7FE1A62710CAF7F41324">
<treatmentCitation id="83A4C091C1BA1C238A4C46CE23CFF8E0">
<bibRefCitation id="69E10132B8C461AF8C17AEFC0FAD6960">Flora Helvetica 2012</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="83A705050040DA7675BDDC00712662D3">319a</td>
</tr>
<tr id="82F97787EF65E8FE125359BBECF4B982">
<td id="4B9675A584410841C91A040C2F084CC9" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="80EBD38C5375A058BAF7DEB956C5D502">
<taxonomicName id="A93ECF69FC4F71A7F1368D107C20CAB9" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="2F930F3EBCCB0F2364BEB8E441E48601">
<treatmentCitation id="00F32088B26D313B04C060E580665743" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D90CB9DA94E093F566C2255CB746B675">
<bibRefCitation id="293757D93C1B5004A1DBC0F2FAE04319">Flora Helvetica 2018</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="A4D857ED5C42AD81D5340A08341CD043">319a</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AC31F6239A58DCAE3A623C8D9F2EF779">
<td id="91B2391201DD5ADE0C17C2C598B2CF8C" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="3DE43EE29464F93C3E529CC3050A2F92">
<taxonomicName id="DC4EEDF1C40105BC4503D89493EFD550" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="A46AEB859426B414DE1A54E725337D6D">
<treatmentCitation id="CA362545F50F98B7F2890DD75C7C4D98">
<bibRefCitation id="079A7FECFC59BDE864B8BCC7BF045616">Index synonymique 1996</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="C13A01D2E7FE97DFDEAFB5E0A51B8F62">267700</td>
</tr>
<tr id="88E624D9A6E383ABC42B1075C318854F">
<td id="33BE1C83C9890AACF987C528235FBE3C" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="FD8D3638C1BE71455B1EF0833BC8B1B2">
<taxonomicName id="FB2B875A5211F443210725B6B2C9C164" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="FD0049E8C7846CD61705A8AC5AFFC13F">
<treatmentCitation id="A695AC0525B0BC2062149EB97EB35005">
<bibRefCitation id="C8BB99A2896F7D5C53DB0ED511568AEB">Landolt 1977</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="1EE9DA0CCFFCBC4C43D4CD06F1BDF72C">2128</td>
</tr>
<tr id="624730123D78ACF0D609AC5D62099EB4">
<td id="97890AE801FC500EC4525040AA86E758" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="03831D3002DBBF49A46267016F176D3C">
<taxonomicName id="3068346D2A4350804B22383A8D4B84F6" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="F025EE71DC0769B9190ED11B3B663910">
<treatmentCitation id="6BC2A3984F162D7CB66BF1DF0B50C7CF">
<bibRefCitation id="551457F55BEF32F7AF7B572C4F9828D4">SISF/ISFS 2</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="618F27DA436F5586749EF858A2A9F12B">267700</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="68DA0E4ADC3CC9DAB2EF77345BEFDACE">
<tableNote id="F464226EA621B7B8060A1EF3310F1305">
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon
<normalizedToken id="90C86493F8B469A01B8F4974B24445A9" originalValue="überein">ueberein</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F04364D3C916760843047D86B833FD0F" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) &lt;Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="7C8078F1194ED4EA9ABBCF29AB8A823D" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) enthalten&gt; Taxon
<normalizedToken id="3E105DFA63DAB9BA6A9CA942523CE83C" originalValue="enthält">enthaelt</normalizedToken>
(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="E19D3BE6F7D0BC9F2076860FB174BD73" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5F0F22A92C2E2BBB68EE388EF6C5E725" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="EBED5D0102AB1C77F0C9056B85C5AF7D">
<heading id="5C2895E2E14C0D25FF1D12D61052C0F5">Status Indigenat</heading>
: Neophyt: nach der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (nach 1500)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34A99FA8C8741586AD9B2D54F3D40CBE">
<emphasis id="66BDE552F346F56E50AFE134878E6781" bold="true">
<heading id="B4F5628CFB521369ED8CB7BBB2F13DCC">
Liste der
<normalizedToken id="235B347E4E2CF36ED0C07FBF179D8B81" originalValue="gefährdeten">gefaehrdeten</normalizedToken>
Pflanzen IUCN
</heading>
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="1072068E49E655E9E9FAAD8B4FEED02F" author="Walter, K.S. &amp; Gillett, H.J." location="Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" publisher="IUCN" refString="Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (editors). 1998. 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" title="IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants" year="1997">Walter &amp; Gillett 1997</bibRefCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Nein
<emphasis id="F4E319814F793C84B603CD05217E5B66" bold="true">Art der &quot;Liste der invasiven gebietsfremden Arten&quot;</emphasis>
Neophyten-Infoblatt
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.603.8271" ID-GBIF-Dataset="07fddaf0-cd6d-460a-9078-d7c2339c64bc" ID-PMC="PMC4978003" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-603-105" ID-PubMed="27551199" ID-ZBK="D44B76A79C0245D8B9F4996BFCB01579" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-603-105" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 603" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Malagasy Nesomyrmexmadecassus species-group using a quantitative morphometric approach" checkinTime="1467898720993" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Csosz, Sandor &amp; Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2016" docId="70082BB9730A7FE415F775C908D838CA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 603: 105-130" docOrigin="ZooKeys 603" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.603.8271" docTitle="Nesomyrmex gibber Donisthorpe 1946" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="116" masterDocId="F125FF8AFF8DFFF0FF8C31524066FFDF" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Malagasy Nesomyrmexmadecassus species-group using a quantitative morphometric approach" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="105" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1668163297087" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of the Malagasy Nesomyrmexmadecassus species-group using a quantitative morphometric approach</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Csosz, Sandor</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>603</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>105</mods:start>
<mods:end>130</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.603.8271</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.603.8271</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D44B76A79C0245D8B9F4996BFCB01579</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127859329" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70082BB9730A7FE415F775C908D838CA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70082BB9730A7FE415F775C908D838CA" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Formicidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<taxonomicName authority="Donisthorpe, 1946" authorityName="Donisthorpe" authorityYear="1946" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex gibber" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibber">Nesomyrmex gibber (Donisthorpe, 1946)</taxonomicName>
Figs 7-9, Table 2
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="115" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="115">
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="115" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
material investigated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="115">
Holotype: &quot;Ireneopone
<taxonomicName lsidName="gibber" pageId="10" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="gibber">gibber</taxonomicName>
, H. Donistorphe, 1946 TYPE&quot; Mauritius, Calebasses Mt., 22. X. 1944, No 72 leg. R. Mamet (1w, BMNH, London, U.K., CASENT0102303), [type specimen was morphometrically not investigated, AntWeb images were used for comparison]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="115" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="115">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="115">
MAURITIUS: MCZENT0578588 (1w, MCZ), MCZENT0578589 (1w, MCZ), MCZENT0578590 (1w, MCZ), MCZENT0578591 (1w, MCZ), MCZENT0578592 (1w, MCZ), MCZENT0578593 (1w, MCZ, CASENT0178539): Le Pouce Mt., N -20.19,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="57.52">E 57.52</geoCoordinate>
, alt 700-800 m, W.L. Brown, 1_29_1977; CASENT0922013, (collection code: PSW10502, 1w, PSW, CASENT0922013): Basin Blanc, Mauritius, N -20.45,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="57.4667">E 57.4667</geoCoordinate>
, alt 500 m, P.S. Ward, 5_06_1989.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="10" pageNumber="115" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="115">Description of workers.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="10" pageNumber="115">
Body color: brown. Body color pattern: Body concolorous. Absolute cephalic size: 724 [655, 752]. Cephalic length vs. Maximum width of head capsule (CL/CWb): 1.17 [1.14, 1.18]. Postocular distance vs. cephalic length (PoOc/CL): 0.41 [0.39, 0.42]. Postocular sides of cranium contour frontal view orientation: converging posteriorly. Postocular sides of cranium contour frontal view shape: convex. Vertex contour line in frontal view shape: straight; slightly concave. Vertex sculpture:
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="116" start="start">main</pageBreakToken>
sculpture absent, ground sculpture areolate. Gena contour line in frontal view shape: convex. Genae contour from anterior view orientation: converging; strongly converging. Gena sculpture: ground sculpture areolate, main sculpture absent. Concentric carinae laterally surrounding antennal foramen: absent. Eye length vs. absolute cephalic size (EL/CS): 0.25 [0.24, 0.26]. Frontal carina distance vs. absolute cephalic size (FRS/CS): 0.33 [0.32, 0.34]. Longitudinal carinae on median region of frons: absent. Smooth median region on frons: present. Antennomere count: 12. Scape length vs. absolute cephalic size (SL/CS): 0.80 [0.78, 0.82]. Median clypeal notch: present. Ground sculpture of submedian area of clypeus: present. Median carina of clypeus: absent. Lateral carinae of clypeus: absent. Metanotal depression: present. Dorsal region of mesosoma sculpture: ground sculpture areolate, main sculpture absent. Lateral region of pronotum sculpture: ground sculpture areolate, main sculpture absent. Mesopleuron sculpture: ground sculpture areolate, main sculpture absent. Metapleuron sculpture: ground sculpture areolate, main sculpture absent. Petiole width vs. absolute cephalic size (PEW/CS): 0.21 [0.20, 0.23]. Anterior profile of petiolar node contour line in lateral view shape: concave. Dorso-caudal petiolar profile contour line in lateral view shape: strongly convex. Dorsal region of petiole sculpture: ground sculpture areolate, main sculpture absent. Postpetiole width vs. absolute cephalic size (PPW/CS): 0.30 [0.27, 0.32]. Dorsal region of postpetiole sculpture: ground sculpture areolate, main sculpture absent.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="11" pageNumber="116">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="116">
Figures 7-9.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex gibber" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibber">Nesomyrmex gibber</taxonomicName>
non-type worker (CASENT0178540). Head in full-face view (7), dorsal view of the body (8), lateral view of the body (9).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="116" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="116">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="116">This species is easily distinguished from all the other taxa treated in this revisionary work by the presence of the conspicuous mesothoracic hump on the mesosoma of workers (Fig. 9).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="116" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="116">Biology and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="116">Endemic to Mauritius island. Occur in rainforests in higher altitude between 500 and 800 meters, (mean = 714 m). This species van be collected on low vegetation and in dead stems.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
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<mods:affiliation>Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, c / o National Museum Natural History, MRC 168, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Metz, Mark A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Achterberg, C. van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Brown, Brian V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart>Burns, John M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2021-02-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number>1013</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="177205777" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CA8EF190-AA53-4B9C-A233-071F1818517E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7008B5543AD73858C8B37BC2F3D497DC" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/CA8EF190-AA53-4B9C-A233-071F1818517E" authority="Sharkey" authorityName="Sharkey" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Exasticolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exasticolus jennyphillipsae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jennyphillipsae" status="sp. nov.">Exasticolus jennyphillipsae Sharkey</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 206" captionStartId="F206" captionText="Figure 206. Exasticolus jennyphillipsae, holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600.figure206" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/503661" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 206</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 207" captionStartId="F207" captionText="Figure 207. Exasticolus jennyphillipsae, cocoon. A snow-white cocoon of Exasticolus jennyphillipsae was discovered in the silk and leaf pupal chamber of 08 - SRNP- 35960, a medium large Notodontidae caterpillar. However, without an associated adult moth, the identity of the host is unknown at present. As the cocoon ages, it turns golden brown in color, but long after the wasp has emerged through the circular hole cut by the wasp in the end of the cocoon." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600.figure207" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/503662" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 207</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnostics">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostics.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">BOLD:AAW1602. Consensus barcode. GTTTTATATTTTTTATTGGGAATTTGATCAGGAATTTTAGGTATATCAATAAGATTTTTAATTCGAATAGAATTAATAATACCAGGTAGATTTTTAAGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATAGTATCGTTACTAGACATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTTTAGTTATACCAATAATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAATTCCTTTAATATTAGGATGTCCTGATATGGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTATTAATTCCTTCATTAATTTTATTATTATTAAGAAGTATGGTAAATTTAGGAGTAGGTACTGGTTGAACAGTTTATCCTCCTTTGTCATTAAATTTAAGTCATAGGGGTATATCTGTAGATATGGCTATTTTTTCTTTACATTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCTATTATAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACAACAATTTTAAATATACGTTCTAATATAGTTTTTATGGATAAAATTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCAGTATTTATTACTGTAATTTTACTATTATTGTCTTTACCTGTTTTAGCAGGAGCTATTACTATGTTATTGACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGATCCTTGTGGTGGAGGGG--------------------------.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. xmatkuilensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="xmatkuilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. xmatkuilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="López-Martínez">Lopez-Martinez</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Delfin-González">Delfin-Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
and van Achterberg 2011 but differing in the ratio of forewing veins r/3RSa, which is 0.9-1.1 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. xmatkuilensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="xmatkuilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. xmatkuilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 1.3 in this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="holotype ♀">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype ♀.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Guanacaste, Sector Cacao, Sendero Cima,
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.93328" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.93328">10.93328</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.45729" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.45729">-85.45729</geoCoordinate>
, 1460 meters, collection date: 30/vi/2008, wasp eclosion date: 29/vii/2008. Depository: CNC.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host data</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
noto 08-SRNP-35960 (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Notodontidae</taxonomicName>
) feeding on
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ericaceae" genus="Vaccinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vaccinium poasanum" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="poasanum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vaccinium poasanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ericaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Ericaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caterpillar and holotype voucher codes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
08-SRNP-35960, DHJPAR0028118.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharkey" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Exasticolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exasticolus jennyphillipsae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jennyphillipsae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Exasticolus jennyphillipsae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is named in honor of Jenny (Eugenie) Phillips of San
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
, Costa Rica in recognition of her extreme patience in dealing with the foundational bureaucracy of the startup of the BioAlfa process to facilitate bioliteracy in Costa Rica.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600.figure206" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/503661" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 206" startId="F206">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 206.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharkey" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Exasticolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exasticolus jennyphillipsae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jennyphillipsae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Exasticolus jennyphillipsae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600.figure207" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/503662" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 207" startId="F207">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 207.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharkey" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Exasticolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exasticolus jennyphillipsae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jennyphillipsae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Exasticolus jennyphillipsae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, cocoon. A snow-white cocoon of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharkey" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Exasticolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exasticolus jennyphillipsae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jennyphillipsae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Exasticolus jennyphillipsae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was discovered in the silk and leaf pupal chamber of 08-SRNP-35960, a medium large
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Notodontidae</taxonomicName>
caterpillar. However, without an associated adult moth, the identity of the host is unknown at present. As the cocoon ages, it turns golden brown in color, but long after the wasp has emerged through the circular hole cut by the wasp in the end of the cocoon.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
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<mods:namePart id="917DBFAD0CE06F9F9F0EC671FA6EFA23">Bousquet, Yves</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="70091A69A0689AF2CBE8B674C9D7A01A" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127868705" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70091A69A0689AF2CBE8B674C9D7A01A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70091A69A0689AF2CBE8B674C9D7A01A" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">
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<taxonomicName id="9202C2FB7D759109F2091D81FF00EB92" ID-CoL="4DVMV" ID-ENA="676030" LSID="70091A69-A068-9AF2-CBE8-B674C9D7A01A" authority="LeConte, 1846" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pasimachus elongatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">Pasimachus elongatus LeConte, 1846</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="EA07751A03CD72FFE00701A479A30F93" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C392A329F9BF9FF6B0A50C8DC442E536" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">
<taxonomicName id="E73407022C79409DFE3445F213944A82" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">Pasimachus elongatus</taxonomicName>
LeConte, 1846a: 147. Type locality: &quot;Territorio Missouriensi&quot; (original citation). Syntype(s) in MCZ [# 5463].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ABBEA803E3782BB12C8D433BBB245C28" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">
<taxonomicName id="DF6A974B8B14C79832C2A194E2A36E05" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pimalis">Pasimachus pimalis</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1913: 84. Type locality:
<normalizedToken id="D284BDF92B1AC1B921053702892E0C84" originalValue="«Arizona»">&quot;Arizona&quot;</normalizedToken>
(original citation). Holotype [by monotypy] (♀) in USNM [# 46885]. Synonymy established with doubt by
<normalizedToken id="C7C0B23569297B44CFA7633F55B93080" originalValue="Bänninger">Baenninger</normalizedToken>
(1950: 501).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="803ED115D4FA1653DBA83118F7AC16EE" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">
<taxonomicName id="6C4BB6E3442C2F29622ECC52F2F2D798" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustulus">Pasimachus angustulus</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1913: 84. Type locality:
<normalizedToken id="8ABA63D4B94A0E3E3CBF89F2B9829C94" originalValue="«Nebraska»">&quot;Nebraska&quot;</normalizedToken>
(original citation). Holotype [by monotypy] (♂) in USNM [# 46890]. Synonymy established, under the name
<taxonomicName id="A317E8B6161C6A4FF9FE48CFFA48F617" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pimalis">
<emphasis id="7FC4C66DF8C7D2160C9C76D60727703E" italics="true" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">Pasimachus pimalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Casey, by Leng (1920: 47).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F7413BF2BCA668DAD63C0AE1C301EC3" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">
<taxonomicName id="2C8B00ADA0EF46E102A54F6487950530" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="angustulus" subSpecies="evanescens">Pasimachus angustulus evanescens</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1913: 84. Type locality: &quot;probably Colorado&quot; (original citation). Holotype [by monotypy] (♂) in USNM [# 46886]. Synonymy established, under the name
<taxonomicName id="463C87E39D58A6F6AF255D696FECC466" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pimalis">
<emphasis id="8E5767623EA6213B20EC56D61CC9E0B9" italics="true" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">Pasimachus pimalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Casey, by Leng (1920: 47).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CEE0C90066A4E7060708ECE4B665819C" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">
<taxonomicName id="1678DB1613DB21A163826DF699D236A7" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vegasensis">Pasimachus vegasensis</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1913: 85. Type locality: &quot;Las Vegas [San Miguel County], New Mexico&quot; (original citation). Holotype [by monotypy] (♂) in USNM [# 46887]. Synonymy established, under the name
<taxonomicName id="FBAEF83DE51487FD6AE6211687FCB77A" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pimalis">
<emphasis id="6F701CF90F52037D0F91552AB8C7E6E4" italics="true" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">Pasimachus pimalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Casey, by Leng (1920: 47).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2AD9897D7DB192ED31DEFD0138D610E2" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">
<taxonomicName id="C055305F34230B93D69E566B4467F2BE" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernicatus">Pasimachus vernicatus</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1913: 85. Type locality:
<normalizedToken id="077DC7C2BE70BAF447ADE5D91716AA52" originalValue="«Kansas»">&quot;Kansas&quot;</normalizedToken>
(original citation). Holotype [by monotypy] (♂) in USNM [# 46888]. Synonymy established, under the name
<taxonomicName id="DC5A3299843A030D3EC9004F8CDD8BFE" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pimalis">
<emphasis id="F9ED925AF61DE451E177570B3C453CA6" italics="true" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">Pasimachus pimalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Casey, by Leng (1920: 47).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2D1525589A558A455DD6346061D7825B" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4C4EA0B50EF40A254BC6DE0A46C1880" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">
This species ranges from the southern part of the Prairie Provinces (Lindroth 1961a: 131) south to northern Sonora (Bates 1884: 264), western and northern Texas (Wheeler, Grayson, Presidio, and Brewster Counties, MCZ, CMNH;
<normalizedToken id="5CD71E9A7D3F0BF8AA4E5E99AC94CEBF" originalValue="Bänninger">Baenninger</normalizedToken>
1950: 490), and southeastern Louisiana (Summers 1874a: 79), east to Indiana (Blatchley 1910: 55;
<normalizedToken id="FC22CFCC8617A25BF79E53CC4E2499EB" originalValue="Bänninger">Baenninger</normalizedToken>
1950: 490) and southwestern Michigan (Dunn 1982a: 206). The record from southwestern Virginia (Horn 1869a: 123) is probably in error.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="08487089C686E9D3D47C8DFE2234B6C4" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">Records.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F250AD70E4A178C5FE16BB5D52CF743F" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">
<emphasis id="49300937DAC66C26BFFA4D28FB12AE87" bold="true" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">CAN</emphasis>
: AB, MB, SK
<emphasis id="033B7214A8FD149D41BAFF3C78B9CF27" bold="true" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">USA</emphasis>
: AR, AZ, CO, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, LA, MI, MN, MO, MT, ND, NE, NM, OH, OK, SD, TX, WI, WY - Mexico
</paragraph>
<caption id="3F32EBB8041638B703734E799D8785C3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30917" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" start="Figure 16" startId="F16">
<paragraph id="D7036581C92DA0D70492989AF531BD05" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">
<emphasis id="35E54FFB9F3A0BBC06A1FD68C056B65A" bold="true" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">Figure 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F337131E50C630057F15A0677BD17AF4" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="AFC5FEDC344965F04435AC49683D11E8" italics="true" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">Pasimachus elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
LeConte. Because of its large size and robust shape, this species is one of the most conspicuous carabid elements of the grassland regions of North America. It belongs to a genus which is endemic to North and Middle America. Although not firmly established, the sister taxon to
<taxonomicName id="03473EAED6FFC4C41E424C12CD467621" authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1813" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pasimachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="446FE0F452E77877B6384506E623708F" italics="true" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">Pasimachus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be
<taxonomicName id="20FDE0DF4B116651CCF9F959896512AA" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mouhotia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="272" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4419610C6EE2F3268FCEB8E9666619CC" italics="true" pageId="272" pageNumber="273">Mouhotia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a genus of massive and handsome species endemic to southeast Asia.
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<paragraph id="7E3FC3364F033B2F64E090914BE869CE" pageNumber="21">4 (of 6) syntypes: MRAC 15.097-15.099, MNHN 23-155; non-types: CU 87781 (1), CU 87893 (1), CU 87897 (1), CU 87912 (1), CU 87981 (1), CU 89099 (1), CU 89100 (3), CU 89190 (2).</paragraph>
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<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1093</mods:start>
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<taxonomicName authority="Kner, 1866" authorityName="Kner" authorityYear="1866" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Rhodeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhodeus ocellatus" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1093" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="ocellatus" subSpecies="ocellatus">Rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus (Kner, 1866)</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1093" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">
<materialsCitation collectorName="Yusuke Miyazaki" country="Japan" latitude="38.91539" location="Kubo River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="141.07324" pageId="0" pageNumber="1093" specimenCode="KPM-NI 22258" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">KPM-NI 22258</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Yusuke Miyazaki</collectorName>
; individualCount:
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; Taxon: scientificName: Rhodeusocellatusocellatus; Location: country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Japan</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Iwate; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700A032A34B12120E26033A046E0CE49:3BDBBE56D7FA738BAB18AD58B2C154BE" country="Japan" latitude="38.91539" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="141.07324" name="Kubo River" pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Kubo River</location>
; verbatimLatitude:
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; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="141.07324">141°0423.7″E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Yusuke Miyazaki</determinerName>
; dateIdentified: 2008; Event: year: 2008; month: 7; day: 8; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
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<materialsCitation collectorName="Yusuke Miyazaki" country="Japan" latitude="38.920555" location="Japan" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="141.02028" pageId="0" pageNumber="1093" specimenCode="KPM-NI 23982" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
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; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Yusuke Miyazaki</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">1</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Rhodeusocellatusocellatus; Location: country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Japan</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Iwate; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="38.920555">38°5514″N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="141.02028">141°0113″E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Yusuke Miyazaki</determinerName>
; dateIdentified: 2009; Event: year: 2009; month: 5; day: 19; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectorName="Yusuke Miyazaki" country="Japan" latitude="38.920555" location="irrigation pond of the Kubo River Basin" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="141.02028" pageId="0" pageNumber="1093" specimenCode="KPM-NI 23983" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">KPM-NI 23983</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Yusuke Miyazaki</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">1</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Rhodeusocellatusocellatus; Location: country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Japan</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Iwate; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700A032A34B12120E26033A046E0CE49:78168CC3F478DACE58A4D829291FDA09" country="Japan" latitude="38.920555" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="141.02028" name="irrigation pond of the Kubo River Basin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">irrigation pond of the Kubo River Basin</location>
; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="38.920555">38°5514″N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="141.02028">141°0113″E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Yusuke Miyazaki</determinerName>
; dateIdentified: 2009; Event: year: 2009; month: 5; day: 19; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectorName="Yusuke Miyazaki and Yoko Takata" country="Japan" location="Kubo River" pageId="0" pageNumber="1093" specimenCode="NSMT-P 96898" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">NSMT-P 96898</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Yusuke Miyazaki and Yoko Takata</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">1</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Rhodeusocellatusocellatus; Location: country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Japan</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Iwate; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700A032A34B12120E26033A046E0CE49:BC0FECB63F7C53D998546C55654B6789" country="Japan" name="Kubo River" pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Kubo River</location>
; Identification: identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Yoko Takata</determinerName>
; dateIdentified: 2010; Event: year: 2008; month: 10; day: 10; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1093" type="ecological interactions">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Ecological interactions</paragraph>
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1093" type="native status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Native status</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">
Non-native (100 of the Japanese Worst Invasive Alien Species:
<bibRefCitation author="Murakami, O." editor="(Ed.), The Ecological Society of Japan" journalOrPublisher="Chijinshokan, Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1093" title="Handbook of Alien Species in Japan" year="2002">Murakami and Washitani 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1093" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1093">China and Korea.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.213.2985" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c72201d8-6818-4c32-9807-33502f1cf8ef" ID-PMC="PMC3426872" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-213-1" ID-PubMed="22933852" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-213-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 213" ModsDocTitle="Review of the odd chrysidid genus Loboscelidia Westwood, 1874 (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Loboscelidiinae)" checkinTime="1451248822756" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kimsey, Lynn S." docDate="2012" docId="700A5299EB733DDF15E4521A715F6B10" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 213: 1-40" docOrigin="ZooKeys 213" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.213.2985" docTitle="Loboscelidia pecki Kimsey, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFDDFFC1FFEB9F4BCF775C05FFC7FF97" masterDocTitle="Review of the odd chrysidid genus Loboscelidia Westwood, 1874 (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Loboscelidiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1668154306527" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Review of the odd chrysidid genus Loboscelidia Westwood, 1874 (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Loboscelidiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1E7C3500-EE85-481C-AFA6-1DCB27E97A33" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Loboscelidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loboscelidia pecki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pecki">Loboscelidia pecki</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="22" pageNumber="23">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figures 21433
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Holotype male: Viet Nam: Tuyen Quang Prov., 360 m, Na Hang Reserve, 16-20 May 1997, FIT, S. B. Peck, 97-10 (CNC).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
This species is characterized by the absence of the cu-a vein and having a submedially curved medial vein, characters shared with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Loboscelidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loboscelidia cinnamonea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinnamonea">Loboscelidia cinnamonea</taxonomicName>
. It can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Loboscelidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loboscelidia cinnamonea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinnamonea">Loboscelidia cinnamonea</taxonomicName>
by Rs 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long or longer than R, scape 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
or shorter as long as broad, scrobal sulcus present and the fore and midtibiae without flanges.
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="male description">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Male description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Body (Fig. 2) length 2 mm; forewing length 2.5 mm. Head: length 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
height in side view (Fig. 14); eye asetose; frontal projection rectangular in front view; frons smooth, not microstriate; vertex without transverse fovea, posterior expansion strongly curved in profile; frons with ridge extending from vertex along inner eye margin; gena without scale-like setae; scape striate, length 2.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
breadth; flagellomere I length 2.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
breadth; flagellomere II length 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
breadth; flagellomere XI length 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
breadth. Mesosoma: pronotal length 0.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
breadth, with lateral fold separating dorsal from lateral surface, about as wide as head in dorsal view; scutum with notauli reaching posterior margin; scutellum with fine dense striae laterally; metanotum with three medial ridges enclosing roughened medial area, smooth laterally, 0.4-0.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as scutellum; mesopleuron with scrobal sulcus; propodeum without transverse dorsal carina; legs (Fig. 2) smooth, polished; forefemoral flange 0.6 x femur length, flange maximum width 0.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width of tubular part of femur; foretibial flange 0.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
tibia length, flange maximum width 0.7 x width of tubular part of tibia; midfemoral flange 0.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
femur length, flange maximum width 0.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width of tubular part of femur; midtibial flange 0.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
femur length, flange maximum width 0.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width of tubular part of tibia; hindfemoral flange 0.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
femur length, flange maximum width 0.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width of tubular part of femur; hindtibial flange equal to femur length, flange maximum width 1.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width of tubular part of tibia; hindtibia with two longitudinal carinae on posterior margin; hindcoxa without longitudinal carina on inner medial surface; forewing (Fig. 33) R1 length as long as R; cu-a length absent; Rs length 3.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
R length; Cu+M length 0.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
A length; medial vein present, submedially curved. Color: Body dark brown; wing membrane brown-tinted, paler along vein remnants, veins brown.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">The species is named after the collector, Stuart Peck.</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="3FA34D64FFDABD14C4B3FD18FEFDFD6C" box="[151,373,653,679]" class="Entognatha" family="Hypogastruridae" genus="Willemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zeppelini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C4B3FD18FEFDFD6C" bold="true" box="[151,373,653,679]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Willemia zeppelini</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4B3FD3AFF70FD0C" blockId="1.[151,474,653,711]" box="[151,248,687,711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<figureCitation id="60982A62FFDABD14C4B3FD3AFF70FD0C" box="[151,248,687,711]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 5" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[184,1357,222,1983]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[179,1423,195,2007]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 5. Willemia zeppelini sp. nov.: 1, Ant. III IV, sensorial organ of Ant. III; 2, Ant. I IV; 3, general dorsal chaetotaxy; 4, Abd. I VI ventral chaetotaxy; 5, tibiotarsus III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202785/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs 15</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0B9656CFFDABD14C4B3FD6DFD95FCB7" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4B3FD6DFCC1FCC4" blockId="1.[151,1437,759,2009]" box="[151,841,759,784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C4B3FD6DFECDFCDB" bold="true" box="[151,325,759,784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<typeStatus id="27188845FFDABD14C4B3FD6DFF5AFCDB" box="[151,210,760,784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="27188845FFDABD14C568FD62FE3CFCC4" box="[332,436,759,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(female) and 2
<typeStatus id="27188845FFDABD14C641FD6DFD58FCDB" box="[613,720,760,784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(females).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4E1FC89FA98FCFF" blockId="1.[151,1437,759,2009]" box="[197,1296,795,820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C4E1FC89FEEBFCFF" bold="true" box="[197,355,795,820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<typeStatus id="27188845FFDABD14C4E1FC89FE88FCFF" box="[197,256,796,820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="80B47677FFDABD14C54EFC89FE39FCFF" box="[362,433,796,820]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Joao Pessoa, Beach of Tambau, central region, Joao Pessoa, PB.
<date id="8C1D1027FFDABD14C0B5FC89FA84FCFF" box="[1169,1292,796,820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" value="2010-06-17">17.vi.2010</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4E1FCAAFD95FCB7" blockId="1.[151,1437,759,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C4E1FCAAFE0BFC93" bold="true" box="[197,387,831,856]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Other localities.</emphasis>
Beach of Camboinha 3, Cabedelo, PB.
<date id="8C1D1027FFDABD14C761FCAAFC37FC9C" box="[837,959,831,855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" value="2010-06-19">19.vi.2010</date>
;
<specimenCount id="EEA5FD6EFFDABD14C7EFFCAAFBD0FC9C" box="[971,1112,831,855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="EEA5FD6EFFDABD14C041FCAAFB3BFC9C" box="[1125,1203,831,855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="EEA5FD6EFFDABD14C09BFCAAFAA4FC9C" box="[1215,1324,831,855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
(MNHN- EA010008 to MNHN-EA010010).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0B9656CFFDABD14C4E1FC12FEA7F917" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="description">
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4E1FC12FAB3FC2C" blockId="1.[151,1437,759,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C4E1FC12FEDFFC6B" bold="true" box="[197,343,903,928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Description.</emphasis>
Body length:
<typeStatus id="27188845FFDABD14C5D1FC12FDDFFC54" box="[501,599,903,927]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
300 µm (MNHN-EA010005),
<typeStatus id="27188845FFDABD14C797FC1DFB96FC6B" box="[947,1054,904,928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
270330 µm (MNHN-EA010006 to MNHN-EA010007). Color in alcohol white, body with short acuminate ordinary chaetae, some slightly longer. Sensory chaetae a little thicker and longer than ordinary chaetae. Tegumental granulation fine and regular.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4E3FC61FE17FAE7" blockId="1.[151,1437,759,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
Antennae somewhat shorter than heads diagonal (40 µm; and 50 µm respectively). Ant. I and Ant. II with 7 and 11 chaetae respectively (
<figureCitation id="60982A62FFDABD14C5FDFB82FD95FBE4" box="[473,541,1047,1071]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 5" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[184,1357,222,1983]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[179,1423,195,2007]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 5. Willemia zeppelini sp. nov.: 1, Ant. III IV, sensorial organ of Ant. III; 2, Ant. I IV; 3, general dorsal chaetotaxy; 4, Abd. I VI ventral chaetotaxy; 5, tibiotarsus III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202785/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Ant. III and IV only hardly separated. Sensorial organ of Ant. III consisting of a large integumentary fold hiding 2 internal s-microchatae, 2 long guard chaetae, 2 long sensory rods with a dark axis and lighter expansions on both sides, and one ventral microsensillum (
<figureCitation id="60982A62FFDABD14C7D6FBCAFBBDFBBC" box="[1010,1077,1119,1143]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 5" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[184,1357,222,1983]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[179,1423,195,2007]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 5. Willemia zeppelini sp. nov.: 1, Ant. III IV, sensorial organ of Ant. III; 2, Ant. I IV; 3, general dorsal chaetotaxy; 4, Abd. I VI ventral chaetotaxy; 5, tibiotarsus III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202785/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Ant. IV with a large globular apical bulb, microsensillum and subapical organite present. Ant. IV s-chaeta comprising of
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C080FB10FB3AFB57" box="[1188,1202,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">S</emphasis>
2/
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C0ECFB11FB5EFB57" box="[1224,1238,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">d</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C12AFB10FA94FB57" box="[1294,1308,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">S</emphasis>
9/
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C116FB10FAB6FB57" box="[1330,1342,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">e</emphasis>
1 absent or not differentiated form ordinary chaetae,
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C6A9FB3DFD13FB74" box="[653,667,1192,1215]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">S</emphasis>
1/
<date id="8C1D1027FFDABD14C695FB3CFD4EFB0B" box="[689,710,1192,1216]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C695FB3CFD31FB0B" box="[689,697,1193,1216]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">i</emphasis>
1
</date>
and
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C724FB3DFC86FB74" box="[768,782,1192,1215]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">S</emphasis>
8/
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C700FB3CFCB8FB0B" box="[804,816,1193,1216]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">e</emphasis>
2 subcylindrical or hardly differentiated from ordinary chaetae, and
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C50EFB58FEB0FB2F" box="[298,312,1229,1252]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">S</emphasis>
4/
<date id="8C1D1027FFDABD14C56AFB58FEECFB2F" box="[334,356,1228,1252]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C56AFB58FEDEFB2F" box="[334,342,1229,1252]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">i</emphasis>
2
</date>
and
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C5B8FB58FE22FB2F" box="[412,426,1229,1252]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">S</emphasis>
7/
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C5E4FB58FE44FB2F" box="[448,460,1229,1252]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">e</emphasis>
3 enlarged with the shape of a slightly flattened pear. Some variation is observed with
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C4B3FB65FF2DFACC" box="[151,165,1264,1287]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">S</emphasis>
1,
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C4E4FB65FF46FACC" box="[192,206,1264,1287]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">S</emphasis>
8,
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C4CEFB65FF70FACC" box="[234,248,1264,1287]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">S</emphasis>
4 and
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C518FB65FEC2FACC" box="[316,330,1264,1287]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">S</emphasis>
7 being in a continuum from subcylindrical hardly differentiated from ordinary chaetae to flattened pear-shaped (
<figureCitation id="60982A62FFDABD14C508FA81FE1AFAE7" box="[300,402,1300,1324]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 5" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[184,1357,222,1983]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[179,1423,195,2007]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 5. Willemia zeppelini sp. nov.: 1, Ant. III IV, sensorial organ of Ant. III; 2, Ant. I IV; 3, general dorsal chaetotaxy; 4, Abd. I VI ventral chaetotaxy; 5, tibiotarsus III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202785/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs 12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4E3FAADFCECFABF" blockId="1.[151,1437,759,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
Postantennal organ with 4 to 5 tubercles (
<figureCitation id="60982A62FFDABD14C6B0FAADFD5FFA9B" box="[660,727,1336,1360]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 5" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[184,1357,222,1983]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[179,1423,195,2007]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 5. Willemia zeppelini sp. nov.: 1, Ant. III IV, sensorial organ of Ant. III; 2, Ant. I IV; 3, general dorsal chaetotaxy; 4, Abd. I VI ventral chaetotaxy; 5, tibiotarsus III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202785/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), no eyes. Chaetae
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C794FAACFC36FA9B" box="[944,958,1337,1360]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">a</emphasis>
0 and
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C026FAACFB86FA9B" box="[1026,1038,1337,1360]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">c</emphasis>
1 absent on the head (
<figureCitation id="60982A62FFDABD14C124FAADFACCFA9B" box="[1280,1348,1336,1360]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 5" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[184,1357,222,1983]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[179,1423,195,2007]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 5. Willemia zeppelini sp. nov.: 1, Ant. III IV, sensorial organ of Ant. III; 2, Ant. I IV; 3, general dorsal chaetotaxy; 4, Abd. I VI ventral chaetotaxy; 5, tibiotarsus III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202785/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Prelabrum/labrum with 2/2,5,4 chaetae. Three pairs of labial chaetae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4E3FA15FACBF9E3" blockId="1.[151,1437,759,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
Dorsal body chaetotaxy presented in
<figureCitation id="60982A62FFDABD14C64CFA15FD23FA53" box="[616,683,1408,1432]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 5" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[184,1357,222,1983]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[179,1423,195,2007]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 5. Willemia zeppelini sp. nov.: 1, Ant. III IV, sensorial organ of Ant. III; 2, Ant. I IV; 3, general dorsal chaetotaxy; 4, Abd. I VI ventral chaetotaxy; 5, tibiotarsus III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202785/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
. The specimens observed present some variation and asymmetries. Chaetae
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C4DCFA30FE8BFA77" box="[248,259,1445,1468]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">s</emphasis>
per half tergum formula: 22/11111 generally, in
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C707FA30FCBFFA77" box="[803,823,1445,1468]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">m</emphasis>
7 and
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C758FA30FC02FA77" box="[892,906,1445,1468]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">p</emphasis>
4 position on thorax II and III terga, in
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C165FA30FAC7FA77" box="[1345,1359,1445,1468]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">p</emphasis>
4 position on abdominal terga I to IV and
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C615FA5CFDB7FA2B" box="[561,575,1481,1504]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">p</emphasis>
2 position on Abd. V i.e. chaeta
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C78BFA5CFC35FA2B" box="[943,957,1481,1504]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">p</emphasis>
2 absent; some specimens have
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C103FA5CFABDFA2B" box="[1319,1333,1481,1504]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">p</emphasis>
2 present (i.e. chaeta s in
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C56DFA78FEDFF9CF" box="[329,343,1517,1540]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">p</emphasis>
3 position). Thorax II and III with reduced chaetotaxy:
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C7EDFA78FC5FF9CF" box="[969,983,1517,1540]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">a</emphasis>
1,
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C7D0FA78FB8AF9CF" box="[1012,1026,1517,1540]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">a</emphasis>
2 or
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C012FA78FBC2F9CF" box="[1078,1098,1517,1540]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">m</emphasis>
3 seem to be missing (
<figureCitation id="60982A62FFDABD14C16DFA79FA04F9CF" box="[1353,1420,1516,1540]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 5" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[184,1357,222,1983]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[179,1423,195,2007]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 5. Willemia zeppelini sp. nov.: 1, Ant. III IV, sensorial organ of Ant. III; 2, Ant. I IV; 3, general dorsal chaetotaxy; 4, Abd. I VI ventral chaetotaxy; 5, tibiotarsus III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202785/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Abd. II and III with
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C55EF984FE00F9E3" box="[378,392,1553,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">a</emphasis>
2, but without
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C60FF984FDB7F9E3" box="[555,575,1553,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">m</emphasis>
-row. Abdomen IV without
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C753F985FB88F9E3" box="[887,1024,1552,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">m1, m2, m3,</emphasis>
or
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C002F985FB0EF9E3" box="[1062,1158,1552,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">m3 or p</emphasis>
5. No anal spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4E3F9A1FC12F9A4" blockId="1.[151,1437,759,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
Ventral tube with 4 + 4 chaetae. Ventral abdominal chaetotaxy as in
<figureCitation id="60982A62FFDABD14C79FF9A1FC77F987" box="[955,1023,1588,1612]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 5" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[184,1357,222,1983]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[179,1423,195,2007]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 5. Willemia zeppelini sp. nov.: 1, Ant. III IV, sensorial organ of Ant. III; 2, Ant. I IV; 3, general dorsal chaetotaxy; 4, Abd. I VI ventral chaetotaxy; 5, tibiotarsus III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202785/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
. Furcula absent. Female genital plate with 2 eugenital chaetae; male genital plate with 8 eugenital chaetae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4E3F9E9FC48F95F" blockId="1.[151,1437,759,2009]" box="[199,960,1660,1684]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
Anal valves with one
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C59FF9E9FE5CF95F" box="[443,468,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">hr</emphasis>
chaeta and without
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C691F9E8FD49F95F" box="[693,705,1661,1684]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">e</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C6DCF9E8FC8BF95F" box="[760,771,1661,1684]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">z</emphasis>
chaetae (
<figureCitation id="60982A62FFDABD14C749F9E9FC3AF95F" box="[877,946,1660,1684]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 5" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[184,1357,222,1983]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[179,1423,195,2007]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 5. Willemia zeppelini sp. nov.: 1, Ant. III IV, sensorial organ of Ant. III; 2, Ant. I IV; 3, general dorsal chaetotaxy; 4, Abd. I VI ventral chaetotaxy; 5, tibiotarsus III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202785/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4E3F90AFEA7F917" blockId="1.[151,1437,759,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
Tibiotarsal chaetotaxy I, II and III with 12 chaetae each. Unguis with a small empodial appendage and without teeth (
<figureCitation id="60982A62FFDABD14C4F9F951FEA9F917" box="[221,289,1732,1756]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 5" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[184,1357,222,1983]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[179,1423,195,2007]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 5. Willemia zeppelini sp. nov.: 1, Ant. III IV, sensorial organ of Ant. III; 2, Ant. I IV; 3, general dorsal chaetotaxy; 4, Abd. I VI ventral chaetotaxy; 5, tibiotarsus III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202785/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0B9656CFFDABD14C4E1F972FF42F88C" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4E1F972FF42F88C" blockId="1.[151,1437,759,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C4E1F972FE2BF8CB" bold="true" box="[197,419,1767,1792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Derivatio nominis.</emphasis>
The new species is cordially dedicated to the brazilian collembologist Professor Douglas
<taxonomicName id="3FA34D64FFDABD14C4B3F899FE8BF8EF" box="[151,259,1804,1828]" class="Entognatha" family="Hypogastruridae" genus="Willemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zeppelini" status="sp. nov.">Zeppelini</taxonomicName>
from Universidade Estadual da Paraiba in Joao Pessoa, who participated to the collection of this new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0B9656CFFDABD14C4E1F8C6FBECF813" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F81C36E7FFDABD14C4E1F8C6FBECF813" blockId="1.[151,1437,759,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<bibRef id="2103A211FFDABD14C4E1F8C6FBECF813" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="journal article">
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C4E1F8C6FED6F8A7" bold="true" box="[197,350,1875,1900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Distribution.</emphasis>
<author id="201EDE02FFDABD14C543F8C1FDC3F8A7" box="[359,587,1876,1900]" fns="I" npo="LF" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
Phylogenetically,
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C615F8C0FDC3F8A7" box="[561,587,1877,1900]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">W.</emphasis>
</author>
zeppelini fits among central american/neotropical species (
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C0D5F8C0FA1CF8A7" box="[1265,1428,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">W. subbulbosa</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C4B3F8EDFE8DF85B" box="[151,261,1912,1936]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">persimilis</emphasis>
-group and
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C5A2F8ECFD95F85B" box="[390,541,1912,1936]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">W. brevispina</emphasis>
) which makes a lot of sense biogeographically. The only other
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C0C5F8EDFACDF85B" box="[1249,1349,1912,1936]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Willemia</emphasis>
species recorded from
<collectingCountry id="80B47677FFDABD14C519F809FE09F87F" box="[317,385,1948,1972]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Brazil</collectingCountry>
is
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C587F808FDB2F87F" box="[419,570,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">W. brevispina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9C324B16FFDABD14C666F809FD5FF87F" author="Huther" box="[578,727,1948,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" refString="Huther, W. (1962) Beitrag zur gattung Willemia Borner (Collembola). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 12, 511 - 526." type="journal article" year="1962">
Hüther,
<year id="8C0B77B4FFDABD14C6B8F809FD5FF87F" box="[668,727,1948,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">1962</year>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<title id="8AA7DDD1FFDABD14C6C6F809FBFBF87F" box="[738,1139,1948,1972]" jopScore="0.18620397" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="_" typeScore="76">found in littoral sand near Rio coast</title>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9C324B16FFDABD14C0A6F809FF74F813" author="Thibaud" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" refString="Thibaud, J. - M. &amp; Palacios-Vargas, J. G. (1999) Brazilian Collembola from littoral sand with descriptions of Austrogastrura gen. n. and Isotomodes carioca sp. n. Revue francaise d'Entomologie, 21, 25 - 31." type="journal article" year="1999">
<journalOrPublisher id="22623C2BFFDABD14C0A6F809FF35F812" jopScore="0.20573588" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Thibaud &amp; Palacios-Vargas</journalOrPublisher>
<part id="8C079C7AFFDABD14C4E7F855FF74F813" box="[195,252,1984,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="volume">1999</part>
</bibRefCitation>
) and it is one of the closest to the new
<emphasis id="CAD7EAF5FFDABD14C695F854FCB1F813" box="[689,825,1984,2008]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">W. zeppelini</emphasis>
on the phylogeny (
<figureCitation id="60982A62FFDABD14C035F855FBDFF813" box="[1041,1111,1984,2008]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1116,1139]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,285,1089]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,267,1095]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 6. Strict consensus of 15 phylogenetic trees of the genus Willemia, outgroup not shown. Newly added species, including W. zeppelini sp. nov., in bold. Jackknife resampling percentages and Bremer support values indicated above and below each node, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202786/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
Fig.
<pagination id="C16AC813FFDABD14C062F855FBDFF813" box="[1094,1111,1984,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="pagination">6</pagination>
</figureCitation>
).
</bibRef>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
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<mods:title>An updated checklist of the marine fish fauna of Redang Islands, Malaysia</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Du, Jianguo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Loh, Kar-Hoe</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hu, Wenjia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zheng, Xinqing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Affendi, Yang Amri</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ooi, Jillian Lean Sim</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ma, Zhiyuan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rizman-Idid, Mohammed</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chan, Albert Apollo</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName LSID="700A9B7E-B60B-5F85-883E-FBDAA906CC93" authority="Bleeker, 1856" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1856" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Taeniamia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Taeniamia zosterophora" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zosterophora">Taeniamia zosterophora (Bleeker, 1856)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47537" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">
<materialsCitation country="Malaysia" location="Redang islands" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Type status:</emphasis>
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.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Occurrence:</emphasis>
occurrenceID: BDJ_12482_19;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Location:</emphasis>
country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700A9B7EB60B5F85883EFBDAA906CC93:2DE805E30ECF8928EE344E8E1CF2DF0C" country="Malaysia" name="Redang islands" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Redang islands</location>
;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Identification:</emphasis>
identifiedBy:
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</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47537" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">
s:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Archamia zoesterophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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; s:
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Cheilodipterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheilodipterus zosterophora" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zosterophora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Cheilodipterus zosterophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Yusuf, Y. B." journalOrPublisher="Department of Fisheries, Kuala Lumpur and KUSTEM, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537" refId="B5376898" refString="Yusuf, Y. B., Mohd-Norizam, M., Ali, A. B., Zaidnuddin, I., 2001. Coral reef fish of some selected sites at Pulau Redang Marine Park, Terenggganu: A brief study. Department of Fisheries, Kuala Lumpur and KUSTEM, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia" title="Coral reef fish of some selected sites at Pulau Redang Marine Park, Terenggganu: A brief study" year="2001">Yusuf et al. (2001)</bibRefCitation>
; This study.
</paragraph>
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View file

@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
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<mods:title id="4ACC37B3DC729B1A00696ADA4F8684B2">Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 3. Plumbaginaceae bis Compositae (2 nd edition): Unterfamilie _ tubuliflorae</mods:title>
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Doronicum
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(All.) Tausch
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(
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<emphasis id="E7DFB72A21CBC1E8760E029A67D4BD9F" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">Aronicum Clusii</emphasis>
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[All.] Koch)
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Gemswurz
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Mit Rhizom (
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); 10-30 cm hoch. Stengel meist aufrecht, besonders im obern Teil mit mehrzelligen,
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Haaren,
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, besonders im untern Teil dicht
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.
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(
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)
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mit sehr
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, krausen und dickeren,
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, spitzen, mehrzelligen, 0,8 bis 2 mm langen Haaren, ohne
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; die
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oval,
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-
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4mal so lang wie breit, in den Stiel
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oder gestutzt
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(nicht
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), buchtig
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bis ganzrandig;
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mit meist
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Grund sitzend.
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meist nur 1, im Durchmesser 3,5-6 cm (mit den
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!).
<normalizedToken id="E4DF3A993256831C4298399E1BDB841B" originalValue="Hüllblätter" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">Huellblaetter</normalizedToken>
20-30, ca. 1,5 cm lang und 2-4 mm breit, behaart (meist ohne
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).
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Kronen 20-30, 1,5-2 cm lang und 2-4 mm breit. Alle
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mit
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. -
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: Sommer.
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<paragraph id="3935109965E8194DEB52CD8B6AF2F787" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">
<emphasis id="3E753ED17F258C62ABA79295B456A3C8" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">Zytologische Angaben. 2n</emphasis>
=
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Material aus den Karpaten; normale
<normalizedToken id="A21AE13EFDB1BB90A4CB421F1C0A28AF" originalValue="Sexualität" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">Sexualitaet</normalizedToken>
(Skalinska 1950, Wcislo 1951).
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<emphasis id="14EA1ABAA9A55A7DBBE166116237C350" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">Standort.</emphasis>
Alpin. Feuchter, kalkarmer Silikatschutt mit langer Schneebedeckung. Schutt- und
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,
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.
<emphasis id="4F0019004D7CE62B6B474B8F0601DFED" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">Luzuletum spadiceae</emphasis>
Br.-Bl. 1926,
<emphasis id="90B560B852C312B6CE89EF159E21C460" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">Oxyrietum digynae</emphasis>
Br.-Bl. 1926.
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<emphasis id="841BB526D53810E3CF90ECC98A068228" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">
Verbreitung. Mittel- und
<normalizedToken id="49303D35653BFDB3609D1957692D4F11" originalValue="südeuropäische" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">suedeuropaeische</normalizedToken>
Gebirgspflanze:
</emphasis>
Nordspanische Gebirge, Alpen, Karpaten. Verbreitungskarte von
<normalizedToken id="BB7FB9F4B7B54745DA7806E0B9DAE722" originalValue="Merxmüller" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">Merxmueller</normalizedToken>
(1952). - Im Gebiet: Zentral- und
<normalizedToken id="5E0FA82E9AECC0A17FB4100EF55B32F9" originalValue="Südalpen" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">Suedalpen</normalizedToken>
; nicht
<normalizedToken id="B82BD6121846FE7560228418AB0A6E76" originalValue="häufig" pageId="null" pageNumber="489">haeufig</normalizedToken>
; Nordalpen, selten (Berner Oberland, Glarus, St. Galler Oberland, Vorarlberg).
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View file

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<paragraph id="3C65F6B24554A8D4F8039D6AA5C34539" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">Scotland, Ireland</paragraph>
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added by
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Key to described exuviae of Southern African
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1 Distance between
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and
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longer than
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(
<figureCitation id="60992A043E31FFDD57F5F873FCE57D61" box="[726,796,1353,1379]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[311,344,880,902]" captionTargetBox="[220,1021,212,861]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[207,1037,204,869]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of exuvium of Pycna semiclara. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5562874/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Antennae short, not reaching beyond front of head .....................................................................
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Distance between
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and
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD54D9F8B3FDE17DA1" box="[506,536,1417,1443]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">pft</emphasis>
as long as
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD57B6F8B3FD4A7DA1" box="[661,691,1417,1443]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">pft</emphasis>
(see
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: fig. 3). Antennae long, reaching beyond front of head.................................................................................2
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2 Clypeus somewhat pointed in profile. Abdomen curved downward, with distinct waist in dorsal view. Gap between bases of
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD57E5F8CBFD247E09" box="[710,733,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">itf</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD5637F8CBFCCB7E09" box="[788,818,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">pft</emphasis>
wide and rounded................ ................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="3FA24D023E31FFDD56A6FB2BFB8C7E29" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[901,1141,1553,1579]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Acanthoecidae" genus="Platypleura" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="stridula">
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD56A6FB2BFB8C7E29" bold="true" box="[901,1141,1553,1579]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Platypleurastridula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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Clypeus rounded, bulbous in profile. Abdomen at most slightly curved, without waist in dorsal view. Gap between bases of
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD57E5FB6BFD247E69" box="[710,733,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">itf</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD5637FB6BFCCB7E69" box="[788,818,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">pft</emphasis>
narrow and pointed.............. ...............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="3FA24D023E31FFDD565CFB4BFB8F7E89" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1764" box="[895,1142,1649,1675]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Acanthoecidae" genus="Platypleura" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD565CFB4BFB8F7E89" bold="true" box="[895,1142,1649,1675]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Platypleura capensis</emphasis>
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@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
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<taxonomicName id="3FA24D023E33FFDF54C4F8A9FCBD7DAE" ID-CoL="8JD5C" authority="Germar, 1834" authorityName=": Germar" authorityYear="1834" box="[487,836,1426,1452]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pycna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semiclara">
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E33FFDF54C4F8A9FD5B7DAE" box="[487,674,1426,1452]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Pycna semiclara</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9C334B703E33FFDF578AF8A8FCBD7DAE" author="GERMAR, E. F." box="[681,836,1426,1452]" journalOrPublisher="Revue Entomologique" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" pagination="49 - 82" part="2" refId="ref2113" refString="GERMAR, E. F. 1834. Observations sur plusieurs especes du genre Cicada, Latr. Revue Entomologique 2: 49 - 82." title="Observations sur plusieurs especes du genre Cicada, Latr" type="journal article" year="1834">Germar, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="60992A043E33FFDF5746F880FD3F7DD6" box="[613,710,1466,1492]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="1.[481,514,774,796]" captionStartId-1="2.[311,344,880,902]" captionStartId-2="3.[181,214,884,906]" captionTargetBox-0="[240,1088,211,749]" captionTargetBox-1="[220,1021,212,861]" captionTargetBox-2="[232,1097,209,867]" captionTargetId-0="figure-230@1.[238,1092,206,751]" captionTargetId-1="figure-326@2.[207,1037,204,869]" captionTargetId-2="figure-324@3.[217,1105,204,871]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Distribution of Pycna semiclara." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Lateral view of exuvium of Pycna semiclara. Scale bar = 5 mm." captionText-2="Fig.3. Exuvium ofPycna semiclara: (A) outer lateralview ofright foreleg; (B) tibiaand tarsus ofmid leg; (C) tibia and tarsus of hind leg.Abbreviations: acf accessory tooth of femur, apt apical tooth of tibia, bt blade of tibia, f femur, fc femoral comb, itf intermediate tooth of femur,pbt point of blade of tibia, ptf posterior tooth of femur, t trochanter, ti tibia, ta tarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562872" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562874" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562876" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5562872/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5562874/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5562876/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figs 13</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="3FA24D023E33FFDF5596F8E4FE0F7DF1" ID-CoL="8JD5C" authority=": Germar 1834: 82" authorityName=": Germar" authorityPageNumber="82" authorityYear="1834" box="[181,502,1502,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pycna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semiclara">
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E33FFDF5596F8E4FEB47DF1" box="[181,333,1502,1523]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Pycna semiclara</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="9C334B703E33FFDF547AF8E4FE0F7DF1" author="GERMAR, E. F." box="[345,502,1502,1523]" journalOrPublisher="Revue Entomologique" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" pagination="49 - 82" part="2" refId="ref2113" refString="GERMAR, E. F. 1834. Observations sur plusieurs especes du genre Cicada, Latr. Revue Entomologique 2: 49 - 82." title="Observations sur plusieurs especes du genre Cicada, Latr" type="journal article" year="1834">Germar 1834: 82</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="F81D36813E33FFDF5596FB38FEB87E1E" blockId="1.[181,1142,1397,1676]" box="[181,321,1538,1564]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Description:</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E33FFDF5596FB11FEEE7E46" box="[181,279,1579,1604]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Exuvium</emphasis>
.
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<paragraph id="F81D36813E33FFDF5596FB68FD457E8E" blockId="1.[181,1142,1397,1676]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">
Body
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long, light brown, not narrow or elongated; profile curved. Legs and ventral side sparsely covered with bristles (
<figureCitation id="60992A043E33FFDF574AFB48FD567E8E" box="[617,687,1650,1676]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[311,344,880,902]" captionTargetBox="[220,1021,212,861]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[207,1037,204,869]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of exuvium of Pycna semiclara. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5562874/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F81D36813E30FFDC5414FE4AFC477B84" blockId="2.[311,958,880,902]" box="[311,958,880,902]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
Fig. 2. Lateral view of exuvium of
<taxonomicName id="3FA24D023E30FFDC5757FE4BFCF57B87" authorityName=": Germar" authorityYear="1834" box="[628,780,880,902]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pycna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semiclara">
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. Scale bar = 5 mm.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F81D36813E30FFDC5589FE88FE9F7C2F" blockId="2.[144,1104,946,1677]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E30FFDC5589FE88FF167BCE" box="[170,239,946,972]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Head.</emphasis>
In dorsal view, including eyes, about twice as wide as long; slightly wider than anterior margin of pronotum. Antenna small, not extending past clypeus; with six segments. Clypeus in dorsal view rounded, bulbous; profile rounded. Rostrum reaching base of metacoxae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81D36813E30FFDC5589F908FD0B7E4E" blockId="2.[144,1104,946,1677]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E30FFDC5589F908FF027C4E" box="[170,251,1074,1100]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Thorax</emphasis>
. Pronotum in dorsal view about half the length of mesonotum. Metanotum very small compared to pronotum and mesonotum. Apex of fore wing reaching third abdominal segment; hind wing reaching third abdominal segment (
<figureCitation id="60992A043E30FFDC56A8F948FC2B7C8E" box="[907,978,1138,1164]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[311,344,880,902]" captionTargetBox="[220,1021,212,861]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[207,1037,204,869]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of exuvium of Pycna semiclara. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5562874/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Legs and ventralregion of thorax with sparse setae. Profemur (
<figureCitation id="60992A043E30FFDC57F6F9A8FCD37CAE" box="[725,810,1170,1196]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[181,214,884,906]" captionTargetBox="[232,1097,209,867]" captionTargetId="figure-324@3.[217,1105,204,871]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig.3. Exuvium ofPycna semiclara: (A) outer lateralview ofright foreleg; (B) tibiaand tarsus ofmid leg; (C) tibia and tarsus of hind leg.Abbreviations: acf accessory tooth of femur, apt apical tooth of tibia, bt blade of tibia, f femur, fc femoral comb, itf intermediate tooth of femur,pbt point of blade of tibia, ptf posterior tooth of femur, t trochanter, ti tibia, ta tarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5562876/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
) with posterior tooth long, sharp, curved forward slightly; about 3× as long as wide at base. Accessory posterior tooth small, blunt. Intermediate tooth present. Diastema betweenintermediate tooth (
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E30FFDC510DF9E8FBBC7CEE" box="[1070,1093,1234,1260]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">itf</emphasis>
) and posterior tooth (
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E30FFDC5459F9C8FE617D0E" box="[378,408,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">ptf</emphasis>
) wide; diastema between
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E30FFDC57E1F9C8FD207D0E" box="[706,729,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">itf</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E30FFDC5631F9C8FCC97D0E" box="[786,816,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">ptf</emphasis>
longer than length of
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E30FFDC5108F9C8FBB07D0E" box="[1067,1097,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">ptf</emphasis>
. Profemoral comb with 7 teeth.Apical toothof comb slightly blade-like; pointed. Protibia (
<figureCitation id="60992A043E30FFDC55BBF808FF147D4E" box="[152,237,1330,1356]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[181,214,884,906]" captionTargetBox="[232,1097,209,867]" captionTargetId="figure-324@3.[217,1105,204,871]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig.3. Exuvium ofPycna semiclara: (A) outer lateralview ofright foreleg; (B) tibiaand tarsus ofmid leg; (C) tibia and tarsus of hind leg.Abbreviations: acf accessory tooth of femur, apt apical tooth of tibia, bt blade of tibia, f femur, fc femoral comb, itf intermediate tooth of femur,pbt point of blade of tibia, ptf posterior tooth of femur, t trochanter, ti tibia, ta tarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5562876/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
) withwell-developed blade; untoothed; with one pointed, well-developed, preapical tooth. Apical tooth about 1.5× as long as width of base; separated from previous tooth by deep notch. Protarsus (
<figureCitation id="60992A043E30FFDC54D4F848FDA97D8E" box="[503,592,1394,1420]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[181,214,884,906]" captionTargetBox="[232,1097,209,867]" captionTargetId="figure-324@3.[217,1105,204,871]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig.3. Exuvium ofPycna semiclara: (A) outer lateralview ofright foreleg; (B) tibiaand tarsus ofmid leg; (C) tibia and tarsus of hind leg.Abbreviations: acf accessory tooth of femur, apt apical tooth of tibia, bt blade of tibia, f femur, fc femoral comb, itf intermediate tooth of femur,pbt point of blade of tibia, ptf posterior tooth of femur, t trochanter, ti tibia, ta tarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5562876/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
) two-segmented; apical tarsomere elongated; protarsal claws of unequal size. Mesotibia (
<figureCitation id="60992A043E30FFDC5740F8A8FD4F7DAE" box="[611,694,1426,1452]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[181,214,884,906]" captionTargetBox="[232,1097,209,867]" captionTargetId="figure-324@3.[217,1105,204,871]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig.3. Exuvium ofPycna semiclara: (A) outer lateralview ofright foreleg; (B) tibiaand tarsus ofmid leg; (C) tibia and tarsus of hind leg.Abbreviations: acf accessory tooth of femur, apt apical tooth of tibia, bt blade of tibia, f femur, fc femoral comb, itf intermediate tooth of femur,pbt point of blade of tibia, ptf posterior tooth of femur, t trochanter, ti tibia, ta tarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5562876/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) without lateral spines or protrusions; with five apical spines, one much smaller than the others. Mesotarsus two-segmented; apical tarsomere elongated; mesotarsal claws of unequal size. Metatibia (
<figureCitation id="60992A043E30FFDC5699F8E8FBF67DEE" box="[954,1039,1490,1516]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[181,214,884,906]" captionTargetBox="[232,1097,209,867]" captionTargetId="figure-324@3.[217,1105,204,871]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig.3. Exuvium ofPycna semiclara: (A) outer lateralview ofright foreleg; (B) tibiaand tarsus ofmid leg; (C) tibia and tarsus of hind leg.Abbreviations: acf accessory tooth of femur, apt apical tooth of tibia, bt blade of tibia, f femur, fc femoral comb, itf intermediate tooth of femur,pbt point of blade of tibia, ptf posterior tooth of femur, t trochanter, ti tibia, ta tarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5562876/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
) with four large apical spines and two or three much smaller spines situated slightly higher up on leg and between the larger spines. Hind tarsus (
<figureCitation id="60992A043E30FFDC57CEFB28FCBA7E2E" box="[749,835,1554,1580]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[181,214,884,906]" captionTargetBox="[232,1097,209,867]" captionTargetId="figure-324@3.[217,1105,204,871]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig.3. Exuvium ofPycna semiclara: (A) outer lateralview ofright foreleg; (B) tibiaand tarsus ofmid leg; (C) tibia and tarsus of hind leg.Abbreviations: acf accessory tooth of femur, apt apical tooth of tibia, bt blade of tibia, f femur, fc femoral comb, itf intermediate tooth of femur,pbt point of blade of tibia, ptf posterior tooth of femur, t trochanter, ti tibia, ta tarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5562876/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
) two-segmented, apical tarsomere elongated; metatarsal claws of unequal size.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81D36813E30FFDD5589FB68FBF37C77" blockId="2.[144,1104,946,1677]" lastBlockId="3.[181,1142,1019,1276]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E30FFDC5589FB68FEED7E6E" box="[170,276,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="60992A043E30FFDC5400FB68FE9E7E6E" box="[291,359,1618,1644]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[311,344,880,902]" captionTargetBox="[220,1021,212,861]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[207,1037,204,869]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of exuvium of Pycna semiclara. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5562874/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Short, cylindrical in cross section; in dorsal view, lacking distinct waist; with few ventral setae. Abdominal tergites without transverse rows of setae; tergites 610 with sparse hairs; tergite 7 with dark spot either side of midline. Sternites three-quarters the width of abdomen proximal to thorax, tapering distally to onetenth the width of abdomen; covered with white tomentum. Sternite 1 lacking median protruberance. Sternite 10 of male with a single protrusion, pointed apically.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="ACDD66093E31FFDD5596FE4EFBBF7BD3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562876" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5562876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5562876/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" startId="3.[181,214,884,906]" targetBox="[232,1097,209,867]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="F81D36813E31FFDD5596FE4EFBBF7BD3" blockId="3.[181,1142,884,978]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">
Fig. 3. Exuvium of
<taxonomicName id="3FA24D023E31FFDD547DFE4FFE0B7B8B" authorityName=": Germar" authorityYear="1834" box="[350,498,884,906]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pycna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semiclara">
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD547DFE4FFE0B7B8B" box="[350,498,884,906]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Pycna semiclara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (A) outer lateralview of right foreleg; (B) tibiaand tarsus of mid leg; (C) tibia and tarsus of hind leg. Abbreviations: acf accessory tooth of femur, apt apical tooth of tibia, bt blade of tibia, f femur, fc femoral comb, itf intermediate tooth of femur, pbt point of blade of tibia, ptf posterior tooth of femur, t trochanter, ti tibia, ta tarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="B0B8650A3E31FFDD5596F9BEFE6B7CFE" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F81D36813E31FFDD5596F9BEFE6B7CFE" blockId="3.[181,1142,1019,1276]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">
Material examined:
<materialsCitation id="48CA3CDC3E31FFDD5449F9BFFBFD7CC8" collectedFrom="leaves of Bulbine sp. growing under Dais cotinifolia L. (exuvium and adult) and nearby trunk of Grevillea robusta (Cunn.) (exuvium)" collectingDate="2011-11-19" collectionCode="AMGS" collectorName="J. M. Midgley" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.318333" location="Grahamstown" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="26.535" municipality="Grahamstown" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" specimenCode="AMGS 61197-61199" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<collectingCountry id="80B576113E31FFDD5449F9BFFDF67C98" box="[362,527,1157,1178]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" value="South Africa">SOUTHAFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD5735F9BFFD687C98" box="[534,657,1157,1178]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">
<collectingRegion id="3A66F8633E31FFDD5735F9BFFD687C98" box="[534,657,1157,1178]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="EEA4FD083E31FFDD57BFF9BFFD5E7C98" box="[668,679,1157,1178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">2</specimenCount>
exuviae,
<specimenCount id="EEA4FD083E31FFDD57DFF9BFFCFE7C98" box="[764,775,1157,1178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">1</specimenCount>
teneral adult,
<collectingMunicipality id="1879ACFB3E31FFDD56A6F9BEFBFE7C98" box="[901,1031,1156,1178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Grahamstown</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9D9650463E31FFDD512DF9BEFB8C7C98" box="[1038,1141,1156,1178]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" precision="15" seconds="06" value="-33.318333">33°19'06&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9D9650463E31FFDD5596F9A6FEE77CB0" box="[181,286,1180,1202]" degrees="26" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" precision="15" seconds="06" value="26.535">26°32'06&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="8C1C10413E31FFDD5405F9A6FE7F7CB0" box="[294,390,1180,1202]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" value="2011-11-19">
<collectingDate id="9C58E9A93E31FFDD5405F9A6FE7F7CB0" box="[294,390,1180,1202]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" value="2011-11-19">19.xi.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="555753573E31FFDD54AEF9A7FDFF7CB0" box="[397,518,1180,1202]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">J.M. Midgley</collectorName>
,
<collectedFrom id="4BBE757C3E31FFDD572EF9A6FCDE7CC8" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">
fromleaves of
<taxonomicName id="3FA24D023E31FFDD57ACF9A6FD0A7CB0" box="[655,755,1180,1202]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Bulbine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD57ACF9A6FD2D7CB3" box="[655,724,1180,1201]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Bulbine</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
growing under
<taxonomicName id="3FA24D023E31FFDD5658F9A7FBFD7CB3" box="[891,1028,1180,1202]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Dais" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cotinifolia">
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD5658F9A7FBFD7CB3" box="[891,1028,1180,1202]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Dais cotinifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (exuvium and adult) and nearby trunk of
<taxonomicName id="3FA24D023E31FFDD54F6F98EFD3B7CC9" authority="(Cunn.)" baseAuthorityName="Cunn." box="[469,706,1204,1227]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Grevillea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD54F6F98EFD8D7CCB" box="[469,628,1204,1225]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Grevillea robusta</emphasis>
(Cunn.)
</taxonomicName>
(exuvium)
</collectedFrom>
(
<specimenCode id="A8049EFA3E31FFDD5617F98FFC077CC8" box="[820,1022,1204,1226]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">AMGS 6119761199</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CA3CDC3E31FFDD512DF98FFE777CFE" collectedFrom="from stem of Syzygium sp." collectingDate="2011-12-23" collectionCode="AMGS" collectorName="C. A. Coombes" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.98" location="East London" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="27.901388" municipality="East London" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" specimenCode="AMGS 61673-61675" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<specimenCount id="EEA4FD083E31FFDD512DF98FFBE07CC8" box="[1038,1049,1205,1226]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">1</specimenCount>
exuvium,
<specimenCount id="EEA4FD083E31FFDD5596F9F7FF397CE0" box="[181,192,1229,1250]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">2</specimenCount>
adults,
<collectingMunicipality id="1879ACFB3E31FFDD542FF9F7FE7D7CE0" box="[268,388,1228,1250]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">East London</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9D9650463E31FFDD54ACF9F6FE0F7CE0" box="[399,502,1228,1250]" degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-32.98">32°58'48&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9D9650463E31FFDD54DDF9F6FD917CE0" box="[510,616,1228,1250]" degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" precision="15" seconds="05" value="27.901388">27°54'05&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="8C1C10413E31FFDD5757F9F6FD257CE0" box="[628,732,1228,1250]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" value="2011-12-23">
<collectingDate id="9C58E9A93E31FFDD5757F9F6FD257CE0" box="[628,732,1228,1250]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" value="2011-12-23">23.xii.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="555753573E31FFDD57C4F9F7FC8B7CE0" box="[743,882,1228,1250]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">C.A. Coombes</collectorName>
,
<collectedFrom id="4BBE757C3E31FFDD565EF9F6FB8F7CE0" box="[893,1142,1228,1250]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">
from stem of
<taxonomicName id="3FA24D023E31FFDD56DDF9F7FB8F7CE0" box="[1022,1142,1229,1250]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzygium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="CAD6EA933E31FFDD56DDF9F7FBAD7CE0" box="[1022,1108,1229,1250]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Syzygium</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
(
<specimenCode id="A8049EFA3E31FFDD559FF9DFFE717CFE" box="[188,392,1253,1276]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">AMGS 6167361675</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,576 @@
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<treatment id="700BAA2AFF81FFEEFF40FB6AFE00F9B2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7037108" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199861336" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7037108" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E5115E81-BD91-4EEB-9BB2-B24E4CE89A62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/700BAA2AFF81FFEEFF40FB6AFE00F9B2" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="414" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">
<subSubSection id="B0B848B7FF81FFEAFF40FB6AFD63FB57" box="[151,694,1153,1177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF81FFEAFF40FB6AFD63FB57" blockId="1.[151,1073,1089,1177]" box="[151,694,1153,1177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicName id="3FA260BFFF81FFEAFF40FB6AFDA4FB57" ID-CoL="8GRZD" authority="Salarzehi &amp; Hajiqanbar" authorityName="Salarzehi &amp; Hajiqanbar" box="[151,625,1153,1177]" class="Arachnida" family="Smarididae" genus="Fessonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torshizica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF81FFEAFF40FB6AFEB8FB57" bold="true" box="[151,365,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">Fessonia torshizica</emphasis>
Salarzehi &amp; Hajiqanbar
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF81FFEAFDAEFB6AFD63FB57" bold="true" box="[633,694,1153,1177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1E57A55FF81FFEAFDAEFB6AFD63FB57" box="[633,694,1153,1177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0B848B7FF81FFEAFC0FFB6AFBE4FB56" box="[984,1073,1153,1177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" type="description">
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF81FFEAFC0FFB6AFBE4FB56" blockId="1.[151,1073,1089,1177]" box="[984,1073,1153,1177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">Figs 1-7</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0B848B7FF81FFEAFF34FB4EFE17FAC8" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF81FFEAFF34FB4EFE17FAC8" blockId="1.[151,1074,1188,1286]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">
MATERIAL STUDIED:
<materialsCitation id="48CA1161FF81FFEAFE61FB4FFD74FB22" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3894377301" collectingDate="2010-09-24" collectorName="S. Salarzehi" country="Iran" elevation="0" latitude="35.183334" location="Torshiz" municipality="Torshiz" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-larva="1" stateProvince="Khorasan Razavi" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="2719A59EFF81FFEAFE61FB4FFDDAFB74" box="[438,527,1188,1210]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="EEA4D0B5FF81FFEAFDC9FB4FFD9BFB74" box="[542,590,1188,1210]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" type="larva">larva</specimenCount>
(SS-2010-1a), free-living, collected from soil samples of vineyards in
<collectingMunicipality id="18798146FF81FFEAFE50FB56FE1AFB1D" box="[391,463,1213,1235]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">Torshiz</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="3A66D5DEFF81FFEAFE0BFB56FD56FB1D" box="[476,643,1213,1235]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">Khorasan Razavi</collectingRegion>
province, Northeastern
<collectingCountry id="80B55BACFF81FFEAFCA7FB55FC42FB1D" box="[880,919,1214,1235]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">Iran</collectingCountry>
, 35° 11' N, 58° 72' E,
<elevation id="738FFC0FFF81FFEAFF08FB3DFEB9FB22" box="[223,364,1238,1260]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">
<quantity id="3F5AB6D9FF81FFEAFF08FB3DFEFBFB22" box="[223,302,1238,1260]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.215" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="1215.0">1215 m</quantity>
. a.s.l.
</elevation>
<date id="8C1C3DFCFF81FFEAFEA0FB3DFE3DFB22" box="[375,488,1238,1260]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" value="2010-09-24">
<collectingDate id="9C58C414FF81FFEAFEA0FB3DFE3DFB22" box="[375,488,1238,1260]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" value="2010-09-24">24-IX-2010</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="55577EEAFF81FFEAFDFEFB3DFD74FB22" box="[553,673,1238,1260]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">S. Salarzehi</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="48CA1161FF81FFEAFD64FB3CFE17FAC8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3894377302" collectingDate="2010-09-24" collectorName="S. Salarzehi" country="Iran" elevation="0" latitude="35.183334" location="Torshiz" municipality="Torshiz" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-larva="1" stateProvince="Khorasan Razavi" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="2719A59EFF81FFEAFD64FB3CFCD2FB22" box="[691,775,1239,1260]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="EEA4D0B5FF81FFEAFCCEFB3DFCB5FB22" box="[793,864,1238,1260]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" type="larva">1 larva</specimenCount>
(SS-2010-1b), same collection data as for holotype.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0B848B7FF81FFEAFF34FAFCFC13FAE0" box="[227,966,1302,1327]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF81FFEAFF34FAFCFC13FAE0" blockId="1.[227,966,1302,1327]" box="[227,966,1302,1327]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">
ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet refers to the
<typeStatus id="2719A59EFF81FFEAFD09FAFCFCD9FAE1" box="[734,780,1303,1327]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">type</typeStatus>
locality, Torshiz.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0B848B7FF81FFEAFF34FAD5FD2EFA5A" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF81FFEAFF34FAD5FD2EFA5A" blockId="1.[151,1074,1341,1428]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">
DIAGNOSIS: Tarsus 1 with 26 serrate setae; genu I without microseta (k); genua I, II, and III each with one solenidion (
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF81FFEAFD91FA8BFD83FABB" bold="true" box="[582,598,1376,1397]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">s</emphasis>
); basifemur I and telofemur I with 3 and 4 serrate setae, respectively; tarsus II with 24 serrate setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0B848B7FF81FFEEFF34FA43FE85FA1C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="414" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" type="description">
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF81FFEAFF34FA43FCF6FA71" blockId="1.[151,1074,1447,1660]" box="[227,803,1447,1471]" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">
DESCRIPTION OF LARVA: Metric data given in
<tableCitation id="B5202E87FF81FFEAFD1BFA4CFCC9FA71" box="[716,796,1447,1471]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="2.[272,287,228,249]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric data of larvae of Fessonia torshizica n. sp.." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACDD4BB4FF82FFE9FEC7FF0FFD8DFEDC" pageId="1" pageNumber="410" tableUuid="ACDD4BB4FF82FFE9FEC7FF0FFD8DFEDC">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF81FFE9FF34FA2DFC0DFA17" blockId="1.[151,1074,1447,1660]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1059,1411,1658]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="1" pageNumber="410">Idiosoma (Figs 1-2). Length 316 (300), width 249 (221). Dorsal scutum subpentagonal, anterior border curved, with two pairs of barbed normal setae (AL, PL), two pairs of trichobothria (ASens, PSens), ASens almost setulose throughout but PSens setulose only in posterior half. Laterally of scutum two pairs of eyes. Remaining part of dorsum carrying 38 barbed setae in rows C-H. Venter with all setae barbed except elc I. Coxa I with setae 1b 52 (49) and 1a 19 (18), setae 1a located outside, close to margins of coxae I. Setae 2b 21 (19), situated on coxae II; setae 2a 44 (41), situated between coxae II. Setae 3b 35 (32), situated on coxae III; setae 3a 24 (22), situated anteriorly outside coxae III. Three pairs of setae situated posterior to coxae III.</paragraph>
<caption id="ACDD4BB4FF82FFE9FEC7FF0FFD8DFEDC" ID-Table-UUID="ACDD4BB4FF82FFE9FEC7FF0FFD8DFEDC" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACDD4BB4FF82FFE9FEC7FF0FFD8DFEDC" pageId="2" pageNumber="411" startId="2.[272,287,228,249]" targetBox="[328,862,277,1351]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF82FFE9FEC7FF0FFD8DFEDC" blockId="2.[272,923,227,274]" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
TABLE 1. Morphometric data of larvae of
<taxonomicName id="3FA260BFFF82FFE9FD73FF0FFCB4FF37" box="[676,865,227,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Smarididae" genus="Fessonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torshizica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF82FFE9FD73FF0FFCB4FF37" box="[676,865,227,249]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Fessonia torshizica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1E57A55FF82FFE9FCB0FF0FFC4EFF37" box="[871,923,228,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="411" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF82FFE9FE9FFEFEFC97FA89" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<table id="8AA2E99CFF820014FE9FFEFEFC8BFA89" box="[328,862,277,1351]" gridcols="3" gridrows="42" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFEFEFC8BFEE5" box="[328,862,277,299]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFEFEFE01FEE5" box="[328,468,277,299]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Character</th>
<th id="05437002FF820014FD94FEFEFD49FEE5" box="[579,668,277,299]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Holotype</th>
<th id="05437002FF820014FCDDFEFEFC8BFEE5" box="[778,862,277,299]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<typeStatus id="2719A59EFF82FFE9FCDDFEFDFC8BFEE5" box="[778,862,278,299]" pageId="2" pageNumber="411" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFED7FC8BFE9C" box="[328,862,316,338]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFED7FE01FE9C" box="[328,468,316,338]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Scutum lenght</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FED7FD49FE9C" box="[579,668,316,338]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">61</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFED7FC8BFE9C" box="[778,862,316,338]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">58</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFEBEFC8BFEA5" box="[328,862,341,363]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFEBEFE01FEA5" box="[328,468,341,363]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Scutum width</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FEBEFD49FEA5" box="[579,668,341,363]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">65</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFEBEFC8BFEA5" box="[778,862,341,363]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">61</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFE84FC8BFE4B" box="[328,862,367,389]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFE84FE01FE4B" box="[328,468,367,389]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">ASens</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FE84FD49FE4B" box="[579,668,367,389]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">53</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFE84FC8BFE4B" box="[778,862,367,389]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">47</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFE63FC8BFE50" box="[328,862,392,414]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFE63FE01FE50" box="[328,468,392,414]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">ASens-ASens</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FE63FD49FE50" box="[579,668,392,414]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">16</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFE63FC8BFE50" box="[778,862,392,414]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">15</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFE4AFC8BFE79" box="[328,862,417,439]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFE4AFE01FE79" box="[328,468,417,439]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">PSens</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FE4AFD49FE79" box="[579,668,417,439]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">84</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFE4AFC8BFE79" box="[778,862,417,439]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">77</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFE50FC8BFE1F" box="[328,862,443,465]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFE50FE01FE1F" box="[328,468,443,465]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">PSens-PSens</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FE50FD49FE1F" box="[579,668,443,465]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">19</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFE50FC8BFE1F" box="[778,862,443,465]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">18</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFE3FFC8BFE24" box="[328,862,468,490]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFE3FFE01FE24" box="[328,468,468,490]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">AL</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FE3FFD49FE24" box="[579,668,468,490]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFE3FFC8BFE24" box="[778,862,468,490]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">4739</td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFE06FC8BFDCD" box="[328,862,493,515]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFE06FE01FDCD" box="[328,468,493,515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">AL-AL</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FE06FD49FDCD" box="[579,668,493,515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">44</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFE06FC8BFDCD" box="[778,862,493,515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">37</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFDECFC8BFDD3" box="[328,862,519,541]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFDECFE01FDD3" box="[328,468,519,541]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">PL</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FDECFD49FDD3" box="[579,668,519,541]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFDECFC8BFDD3" box="[778,862,519,541]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">6861</td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFDCBFC8BFDF8" box="[328,862,544,566]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFDCBFE01FDF8" box="[328,468,544,566]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">PL-PL</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FDCBFD49FDF8" box="[579,668,544,566]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">65</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFDCBFC8BFDF8" box="[778,862,544,566]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">55</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFDD2FC8BFD81" box="[328,862,569,591]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFDD2FE01FD81" box="[328,468,569,591]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Palpal Tr</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FDD2FD49FD81" box="[579,668,569,591]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">8</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFDD2FC8BFD81" box="[778,862,569,591]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFDB8FC8BFDA7" box="[328,862,595,617]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFDB8FE01FDA7" box="[328,468,595,617]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Palpal Fe</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FDB8FD49FDA7" box="[579,668,595,617]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">21</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFDB8FC8BFDA7" box="[778,862,595,617]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">20</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFD87FC8BFD4C" box="[328,862,620,642]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFD87FE01FD4C" box="[328,468,620,642]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Palpal Ge</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FD87FD49FD4C" box="[579,668,620,642]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">11</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFD87FC8BFD4C" box="[778,862,620,642]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">10</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFD6EFC8BFD55" box="[328,862,645,667]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFD6EFE01FD55" box="[328,468,645,667]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Palpal Ti</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FD6EFD49FD55" box="[579,668,645,667]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">14</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFD6EFC8BFD55" box="[778,862,645,667]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">12</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFD74FC8BFD7B" box="[328,862,671,693]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFD74FE01FD7B" box="[328,468,671,693]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Odontus</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FD74FD49FD7B" box="[579,668,671,693]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">10</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFD74FC8BFD7B" box="[778,862,671,693]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFD53FC8BFD00" box="[328,862,696,718]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFD53FE01FD00" box="[328,468,696,718]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Palpal Ta</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FD53FD49FD00" box="[579,668,696,718]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">8</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFD53FC8BFD00" box="[778,862,696,718]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFD3AFC8BFD29" box="[328,862,721,743]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFD3AFE01FD29" box="[328,468,721,743]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Cx I</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FD3AFD49FD29" box="[579,668,721,743]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">25</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFD3AFC8BFD29" box="[778,862,721,743]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">21</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFD00FC8BFCCF" box="[328,862,747,769]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFD00FE01FCCF" box="[328,468,747,769]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Tr I</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FD00FD49FCCF" box="[579,668,747,769]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">19</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFD00FC8BFCCF" box="[778,862,747,769]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFCEFFC8BFCD4" box="[328,862,772,794]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFCEFFE01FCD4" box="[328,468,772,794]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Bf I</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FCEFFD49FCD4" box="[579,668,772,794]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">28</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFCEFFC8BFCD4" box="[778,862,772,794]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">22</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFCF6FC8BFCFD" box="[328,862,797,819]" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFCF6FE01FCFD" box="[328,468,797,819]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Tf I</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FCF6FD49FCFD" box="[579,668,797,819]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">22</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFCF6FC8BFCFD" box="[778,862,797,819]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">21</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFCDCFC8BFC83" box="[328,862,823,845]" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFCDCFE01FC83" box="[328,468,823,845]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Ge I</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FCDCFD49FC83" box="[579,668,823,845]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">31</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFCDCFC8BFC83" box="[778,862,823,845]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">26</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFCBBFC8BFCA8" box="[328,862,848,870]" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFCBBFE01FCA8" box="[328,468,848,870]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Ti I</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FCBBFD49FCA8" box="[579,668,848,870]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">42</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFCBBFC8BFCA8" box="[778,862,848,870]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">38</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFC82FC8BFCB1" box="[328,862,873,895]" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFC82FE01FCB1" box="[328,468,873,895]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Ta I</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FC82FD49FCB1" box="[579,668,873,895]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">39</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFC82FC8BFCB1" box="[778,862,873,895]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">31</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFC68FC8BFC57" box="[328,862,899,921]" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFC68FE01FC57" box="[328,468,899,921]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Leg I</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FC68FD49FC57" box="[579,668,899,921]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">208</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFC68FC8BFC57" box="[778,862,899,921]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">172</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFC77FC8BFC7C" box="[328,862,924,946]" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFC77FE01FC7C" box="[328,468,924,946]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Cx II</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FC77FD49FC7C" box="[579,668,924,946]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">35</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFC77FC8BFC7C" box="[778,862,924,946]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">23</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFC5EFC8BFC05" box="[328,862,949,971]" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFC5EFE01FC05" box="[328,468,949,971]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Tr II</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FC5EFD49FC05" box="[579,668,949,971]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">22</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFC5EFC8BFC05" box="[778,862,949,971]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">14</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFC24FC8BFC2B" box="[328,862,975,997]" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFC24FE01FC2B" box="[328,468,975,997]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Bf II</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FC24FD49FC2B" box="[579,668,975,997]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">26</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFC24FC8BFC2B" box="[778,862,975,997]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">21</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFC03FC8BFC30" box="[328,862,1000,1022]" gridrow="28" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFC03FE01FC30" box="[328,468,1000,1022]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Tf II</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FC03FD49FC30" box="[579,668,1000,1022]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">22</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFC03FC8BFC30" box="[778,862,1000,1022]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">19</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFBEAFC8BFBD9" box="[328,862,1025,1047]" gridrow="29" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFBEAFE01FBD9" box="[328,468,1025,1047]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Ge II</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FBEAFD49FBD9" box="[579,668,1025,1047]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">29</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFBEAFC8BFBD9" box="[778,862,1025,1047]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">28</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFBF0FC8BFBFF" box="[328,862,1051,1073]" gridrow="30" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFBF0FE01FBFF" box="[328,468,1051,1073]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Ti II</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FBF0FD49FBFF" box="[579,668,1051,1073]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">38</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFBF0FC8BFBFF" box="[778,862,1051,1073]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">34</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFBDFFC8BFB84" box="[328,862,1076,1098]" gridrow="31" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFBDFFE01FB84" box="[328,468,1076,1098]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Ta II</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FBDFFD49FB84" box="[579,668,1076,1098]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">34</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFBDFFC8BFB84" box="[778,862,1076,1098]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">31</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFBA6FC8BFBAD" box="[328,862,1101,1123]" gridrow="32" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFBA6FE01FBAD" box="[328,468,1101,1123]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Leg II</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FBA6FD49FBAD" box="[579,668,1101,1123]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">203</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFBA6FC8BFBAD" box="[778,862,1101,1123]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">171</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFB8CFC8BFBB3" box="[328,862,1127,1149]" gridrow="33" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFB8CFE01FBB3" box="[328,468,1127,1149]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Cx III</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FB8CFD49FBB3" box="[579,668,1127,1149]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">36</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFB8CFC8BFBB3" box="[778,862,1127,1149]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">26</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFB6BFC8BFB58" box="[328,862,1152,1174]" gridrow="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFB6BFE01FB58" box="[328,468,1152,1174]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Tr III</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FB6BFD49FB58" box="[579,668,1152,1174]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">22</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFB6BFC8BFB58" box="[778,862,1152,1174]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">19</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFB72FC8BFB61" box="[328,862,1177,1199]" gridrow="35" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFB72FE01FB61" box="[328,468,1177,1199]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Bf III</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FB72FD49FB61" box="[579,668,1177,1199]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">27</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFB72FC8BFB61" box="[778,862,1177,1199]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">22</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFB58FC8BFB07" box="[328,862,1203,1225]" gridrow="36" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFB58FE01FB07" box="[328,468,1203,1225]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Tf III</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FB58FD49FB07" box="[579,668,1203,1225]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">30</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFB58FC8BFB07" box="[778,862,1203,1225]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFB27FC8BFB2C" box="[328,862,1228,1250]" gridrow="37" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFB27FE01FB2C" box="[328,468,1228,1250]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Ge III</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FB27FD49FB2C" box="[579,668,1228,1250]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">33</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFB27FC8BFB2C" box="[778,862,1228,1250]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">32</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFB0EFC8BFB35" box="[328,862,1253,1275]" gridrow="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFB0EFE01FB35" box="[328,468,1253,1275]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Ti III</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FB0EFD49FB35" box="[579,668,1253,1275]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">59</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFB0EFC8BFB35" box="[778,862,1253,1275]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">55</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFB14FC8BFADB" box="[328,862,1279,1301]" gridrow="39" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFB14FE01FADB" box="[328,468,1279,1301]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Ta III</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FB14FD49FADB" box="[579,668,1279,1301]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">40</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFB14FC8BFADB" box="[778,862,1279,1301]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">35</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFAF3FC8BFAE0" box="[328,862,1304,1326]" gridrow="40" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFAF3FE01FAE0" box="[328,468,1304,1326]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">Leg III</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FAF3FD49FAE0" box="[579,668,1304,1326]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">248</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFAF3FC8BFAE0" box="[778,862,1304,1326]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">215</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4692197EFF820014FE9FFADAFC8BFA89" box="[328,862,1329,1351]" gridrow="41" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
<th id="05437002FF820014FE9FFADAFE01FA89" box="[328,468,1329,1351]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">IP</th>
<td id="05437002FF820014FD94FADAFD49FA89" box="[579,668,1329,1351]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">659</td>
<td id="05437002FF820014FCDDFADAFC8BFA89" box="[778,862,1329,1351]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">558</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF82FFE8FF03FA09FE5EF9B2" blockId="2.[136,1059,1411,1658]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1074,1508,1660]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="412" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">
Gnathosoma (Fig. 3). Chelicera with cheliceral base 60 (64) long and with smooth movable claw; cheliceral digits short, 5 (4) long. Dorsal gnathosoma with a pair of smooth, pointed adoral setae
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF82FFE9FDC2F9C8FDFEF9F4" box="[533,555,1571,1594]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">cs</emphasis>
6 (5) anteriorly and with a pair of short, thick and blunt supracoxal setae
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF82FFE9FE7EF9A9FE00F994" box="[425,469,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">elcp</emphasis>
3 (2) in lateral position. Ventrally a pair of smooth and pointed subcapitular (tritorostral) setae
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF82FFE9FDE1F989FD9BF9B4" box="[566,590,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="411">bs</emphasis>
10 (8) and a pair of short, thick and blunt oral setae
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF83FFE8FED4FA0EFECEFA32" box="[259,283,1509,1532]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="412">as</emphasis>
3 (2). Palpal femur with one barbed dorsal seta, 21 (19) long, palpal genu with one barbed dorsal seta, 11 (9) long. Palpal tibia with one smooth and two barbed setae. Odontus bifid, 9 (7) long. Palpal tarsus with four smooth setae
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF83FFE8FCAEF9CEFC47F9F2" box="[889,914,1573,1596]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="412">gc</emphasis>
7 (6),
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF83FFE8FC0EF9CFFC24F9F2" box="[985,1009,1572,1596]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="412">ds</emphasis>
5 (4),
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF83FFE8FF40F9AEFF7FF992" box="[151,170,1605,1628]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="412">ic</emphasis>
4 (3),
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF83FFE8FF2FF9AFFEC4F992" box="[248,273,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="412">hc</emphasis>
3 (2), one barbed seta
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF83FFE8FDC6F9AEFDFFF992" box="[529,554,1605,1628]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="412">nc</emphasis>
15 (14), one solenidion (
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF83FFE8FC96F9ACFC86F992" bold="true" box="[833,851,1607,1628]" pageId="3" pageNumber="412">w</emphasis>
) and one prominent distal eupathidium (
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF83FFE8FEB9F98CFEAEF9B2" bold="true" box="[366,379,1639,1660]" pageId="3" pageNumber="412">z</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="ACDD4BB4FF83FFE8FDEBFA98FC53FA0E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7032094" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7032094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7032094/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="412" startId="3.[572,585,1395,1416]" targetBox="[173,1055,231,1364]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF83FFE8FDEBFA98FC53FA0E" blockId="3.[151,1073,1394,1472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="412">
FIGS 1-3
<taxonomicName id="3FA260BFFF83FFE8FF40FA79FE87FA69" box="[151,338,1425,1447]" class="Arachnida" family="Smarididae" genus="Fessonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torshizica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF83FFE8FF40FA79FE87FA69" box="[151,338,1425,1447]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="412">Fessonia torshizica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1E57A55FF83FFE8FE8FFA79FE5EFA69" box="[344,395,1426,1447]" pageId="3" pageNumber="412" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, larval
<typeStatus id="2719A59EFF83FFE8FE05FA7AFDF3FA69" box="[466,550,1425,1447]" pageId="3" pageNumber="412" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. (1) Dorsal view of idiosoma. (2) Ventral view of idiosoma. (3) Dorsal view (right side) and ventral view (left side) of gnathosoma.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ACDD4BB4FF84FFEFFDFAF9DAFD2AF9B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7032096" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7032096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7032096/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="413" startId="4.[557,570,1585,1606]" targetBox="[156,1053,245,1479]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF84FFEFFDFAF9DAFD2AF9B0" blockId="4.[136,1058,1584,1662]" pageId="4" pageNumber="413">
FIGS 4-7
<taxonomicName id="3FA260BFFF84FFEFFF5FF9BBFE93F9AB" box="[136,326,1615,1637]" class="Arachnida" family="Smarididae" genus="Fessonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torshizica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF84FFEFFF5FF9BBFE93F9AB" box="[136,326,1615,1637]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="413">Fessonia torshizica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1E57A55FF84FFEFFE99F9A4FE51F9AA" box="[334,388,1615,1636]" pageId="4" pageNumber="413" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, legs of larval
<typeStatus id="2719A59EFF84FFEFFDCBF9A4FDA5F9AB" box="[540,624,1615,1637]" pageId="4" pageNumber="413" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. (4) Dorsal view of entire leg I. (5) Ventral view of tarsus of leg I. (6-7) Dorsal view of entire legs II and III.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ACDD4BB4FF85FFEEFF34FF0FFC25FF37" ID-Table-UUID="ACDD4BB4FF85FFEEFF34FF0FFC25FF37" box="[227,1008,227,249]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACDD4BB4FF85FFEEFF34FF0FFC25FF37" pageId="5" pageNumber="414" startId="5.[227,242,228,249]" targetBox="[151,1036,266,989]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF85FFEEFF34FF0FFC25FF37" blockId="5.[227,1008,227,249]" box="[227,1008,227,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">
TABLE 2. Leg chaetotaxy of larvae of
<taxonomicName id="3FA260BFFF85FFEEFD85FF0FFCDBFF37" box="[594,782,227,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Smarididae" genus="Fessonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torshizica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFD85FF0FFCDBFF37" box="[594,782,227,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">Fessonia torshizica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1E57A55FF85FFEEFCC2FF0FFC9CFF37" box="[789,841,228,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFCAEFF0FFC3FFF37" box="[889,1002,227,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">F. papillosa</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF85FFEEFF40FEDEFC11FC15" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">
<table id="8AA2E99CFF850014FF40FEE1FBD9FC13" box="[151,1036,266,989]" gridcols="3" gridrows="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">
<tr id="4692197EFF850014FF40FEE1FBD9FDAF" box="[151,1036,266,609]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">
<th id="05437002FF850014FF40FEE1FF23FDAF" box="[151,246,266,609]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">Palpal Tr Palpal Fe Palpal Ge Palpal Ti Palpal Ta Cx I TrI BfI TfI Ge I Ti I Ta I</th>
<td id="05437002FF850014FEE1FEE1FD72FDAF" box="[310,679,266,609]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">
<taxonomicName id="3FA260BFFF85FFEEFEA8FEE7FE23FEEF" box="[383,502,267,289]" class="Arachnida" family="Smarididae" genus="Fessonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torshizica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFEA8FEE7FE23FEEF" box="[383,502,267,289]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">F. torshizica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1E57A55FF85FFEEFE2BFEE7FDE5FEEF" box="[508,560,268,289]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
0 N 1 N 1 N 3 N 5 N, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFE3EFE77FE20FE61" bold="true" box="[489,501,412,431]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">z</emphasis>
, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFDC3FE77FDF1FE61" bold="true" box="[532,548,412,431]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">w</emphasis>
1 N, 1 elc 1 N 3 N 4 N 8 N, 1
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13 N, 3
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFE10FDD8FE00FD89" bold="true" box="[455,469,563,583]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">j</emphasis>
, 1 da, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFDFCFDD8FDEDFD89" bold="true" box="[555,568,563,583]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">k</emphasis>
, 1 tr 26 N, 2
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFE52FDA6FE44FDAE" bold="true" box="[389,401,589,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">z</emphasis>
, 1 Z, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFE09FDA6FE3BFDAE" bold="true" box="[478,494,589,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">w</emphasis>
, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFDD9FDA6FDCCFDAE" bold="true" box="[526,537,589,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">e</emphasis>
, 1 ta, 1 X, 2 tr
</td>
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<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC87FEE0FC14FEEE" box="[848,961,266,288]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">F. papillosa</emphasis>
0 N 1 N 1 N 3 N 5 N, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC5BFE70FC4DFE60" bold="true" box="[908,920,411,430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">z</emphasis>
, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC60FE70FC12FE60" bold="true" box="[951,967,411,430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">w</emphasis>
1 N, 1 elc 1 N 2 N 5 N 8 N, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC5BFDF1FC4FFDE3" bold="true" box="[908,922,538,557]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">s</emphasis>
, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC6DFDF2FC12FDE3" bold="true" box="[954,967,537,557]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">k</emphasis>
13 N, 3
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFCB6FDD9FCBAFD88" bold="true" box="[865,879,562,582]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">j</emphasis>
, 1 da, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC13FDD9FC04FD88" bold="true" box="[964,977,562,582]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">k</emphasis>
, 1 tr 20-22 N, 2
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFCA4FDA7FCAAFD91" bold="true" box="[883,895,588,607]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">z</emphasis>
, 1 Z, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC1BFDA7FC09FD91" bold="true" box="[972,988,588,607]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">w</emphasis>
, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC2BFDA7FBD2FD91" bold="true" box="[1020,1031,588,607]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">e</emphasis>
,
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<tr id="4692197EFF850014FF40FD88FBD9FC13" box="[151,1036,611,989]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">
<th id="05437002FF850014FF40FD88FF23FC13" box="[151,246,611,989]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">CxII TrII BfII TfII GeII TiII Ta II Cx III Tr III Bf III Tf III Ge III Ti III Ta III</th>
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1 N IN 2 N 5 N 8 N, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFE34FD0FFE25FD36" bold="true" box="[483,496,740,760]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">k</emphasis>
, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFDD8FD0EFDC8FD36" bold="true" box="[527,541,741,760]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">s</emphasis>
14 N, 2
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFE2BFD15FDDFFCDC" bold="true" box="[508,522,766,786]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">j</emphasis>
24 N, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFE3FFCF3FE21FCE5" bold="true" box="[488,500,792,811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">z</emphasis>
, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFDC4FCF3FDF6FCE5" bold="true" box="[531,547,792,811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">w</emphasis>
1 N 1 N 1 N 5 N
<specimenCount id="EEA4D0B5FF85FFEEFE60FC7FFE34FC64" box="[439,481,916,938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414" type="generic">8 N.</specimenCount>
1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFE2DFC7CFDDDFC64" bold="true" box="[506,520,919,938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">s</emphasis>
14 N, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFE2BFC44FDDFFC0D" bold="true" box="[508,522,943,963]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">j</emphasis>
23 N, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFE2BFC22FDDDFC12" bold="true" box="[508,520,969,988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">z</emphasis>
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1 ta, 1 X, 2 tr 1 N 1 N 2 N 5 N 8 N, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC5BFD08FC4CFD39" bold="true" box="[908,921,739,759]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">k</emphasis>
, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC6EFD0FFC12FD39" bold="true" box="[953,967,740,759]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">s</emphasis>
14 N, 2
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC7EFD16FC62FCDF" bold="true" box="[937,951,765,785]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">j</emphasis>
21-22 N, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC75FCFCFC7BFCE4" bold="true" box="[930,942,791,810]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">z</emphasis>
, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC1AFCFCFC08FCE4" bold="true" box="[973,989,791,810]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">w</emphasis>
1 N 1 N 1 N 5 N 8 N 14 N, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC7EFC45FC62FC0C" bold="true" box="[937,951,942,962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">j</emphasis>
21-23 N, 1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC6FFC23FC11FC15" bold="true" box="[952,964,968,987]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">z</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF85FFEEFF34FBD0FE85FA1C" blockId="5.[151,1074,1082,1490]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">
Legs (Figs 4-7). Leg I 208 (172) long, femora I-III divided into basi- and telofemur; segmentation formula: 7-7-7. Details of leg chaetotaxy in
<tableCitation id="B5202E87FF85FFEEFC91FBB1FC41FBBC" box="[838,916,1114,1138]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="5.[227,242,228,249]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Leg chaetotaxy of larvae of Fessonia torshizica n. sp. and F. papillosa." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACDD4BB4FF85FFEEFF34FF0FFC25FF37" pageId="5" pageNumber="414" tableUuid="ACDD4BB4FF85FFEEFF34FF0FFC25FF37">Table 2</tableCitation>
. Trichobothria present on tibia and tarsus of leg I. Anterior trichobothrial sensilum (
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFCA6FB90FC53FB5C" box="[881,902,1147,1170]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">ta</emphasis>
) on tarsus I forming a complex with spatulate seta (
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFDF5FB76FDE4FB7C" bold="true" box="[546,561,1181,1202]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">c</emphasis>
), microsolenidion (
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFCD2FB76FCC4FB7C" bold="true" box="[773,785,1181,1202]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">e</emphasis>
), eupathidium (
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC6AFB76FC1FFB7C" bold="true" box="[957,970,1181,1202]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">z</emphasis>
) and seta
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFF40FB50FF74FB1C" box="[151,161,1211,1234]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">z</emphasis>
. Two trichobothria also located in proximal half of tarsus I. Tibia I with one trichobothrium in proximal half; shape of all trichobothria on leg I similar, with nude base and setulose upper half. A posterior solenidion on tibia I along with seta
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC41FB11FC64FADC" box="[918,945,1274,1298]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">da</emphasis>
. Solenidion (
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFF77FAF6FF65FAFC" bold="true" box="[160,176,1309,1330]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">s</emphasis>
) on genu I shorter than 1/2 length of other solenidia on leg I. Leg II 203 (171) long, anterior solenidion on tibia II longer than posterior one. Genu II with only pit of microseta
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFF1EFAB7FF0DFABC" bold="true" box="[201,216,1372,1394]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">k</emphasis>
present. Solenidion (
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFE68FAB6FE1AFABC" bold="true" box="[447,463,1373,1394]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">s</emphasis>
) on genu II subequal to posterior solenidion (
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC14FAB7FC06FABC" bold="true" box="[963,979,1372,1394]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">j</emphasis>
) of tibia I. Leg III 248 (215) long, solenidion (
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFDF9FA96FDEBFA5C" bold="true" box="[558,574,1405,1426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">s</emphasis>
) on genu III a little longer than solenidion (
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFBCFFA97FBFDFA5C" bold="true" box="[1048,1064,1404,1426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">j</emphasis>
) on tibia III. All tarsi I-III with smooth and claw-like empodia; lateral claws pad-like, with small barbs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0B848B7FF85FFEEFF34FA0EFE00F9B2" pageId="5" pageNumber="414" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F81D1B3CFF85FFEEFF34FA0EFE00F9B2" blockId="5.[151,1074,1509,1661]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">
REMARKS:
<taxonomicName id="3FA260BFFF85FFEEFE8CFA0DFDFEFA33" box="[347,555,1509,1533]" class="Arachnida" family="Smarididae" genus="Fessonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torshizica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFE8CFA0DFDFEFA33" box="[347,555,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">Fessonia torshizica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1E57A55FF85FFEEFDE6FA0EFDBEFA32" box="[561,619,1509,1532]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFD21FA0DFCA6FA33" box="[758,883,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">F. papillosa</emphasis>
in fnBf I (3
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC2FFA0DFBDBFA33" box="[1016,1038,1510,1533]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">vs</emphasis>
2), fnTf I (4
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFF2AF9EDFEC6F9D3" box="[253,275,1542,1565]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">vs</emphasis>
5), number of microsetae
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFDE4F9ECFD97F9D3" bold="true" box="[563,578,1543,1565]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">k</emphasis>
on genu I (0
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFD01F9EDFD39F9D3" box="[726,748,1542,1565]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">vs</emphasis>
1), fnTa I (26
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC5AF9EDFC76F9D3" box="[909,931,1542,1565]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">vs</emphasis>
20-22), fnTa II (24
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFF0AF9CDFF26F9F3" box="[221,243,1574,1597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">vs</emphasis>
21-22), number of solenidia on genu III (1
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFD05F9CDFD3DF9F3" box="[722,744,1574,1597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">vs</emphasis>
0) and fnTa III (23
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC12F9CDFC0EF9F3" box="[965,987,1574,1597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">vs</emphasis>
21-23). All leg chaetotaxy characters of the larvae of
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<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFD5DF9ADFC89F993" box="[650,860,1605,1629]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">Fessonia torshizica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1E57A55FF85FFEEFCB3F9AEFC4AF992" box="[868,927,1605,1628]" pageId="5" pageNumber="414" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<emphasis id="CAD6C72EFF85FFEEFC01F9ADFF16F9B3" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="414">F. papillosa</emphasis>
are compared in
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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</document>

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Platyplectrus
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, 1941
</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="619008058330E3130A9A95D28D0E6E9D" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Autoplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="AUTOPLECTRUS" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">AUTOPLECTRUS</taxonomicName>
Gadd, 1945
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@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
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Type status:
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Occurrence: recordedBy:
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Kuntner,
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<taxonomicName id="D0093E9C865C267E7239BE624E7C9596" ID-CoL="3YSVD" authority="Staudinger, 1871" authorityName="Staudinger" authorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Megacraspedus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megacraspedus attritellus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="attritellus">Megacraspedus attritellus Staudinger, 1871</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="1C53CCD2A0BD6EA7CBB36B1069CE51E3" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Megacraspedus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megacraspedus attritellus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="attritellus">Megacraspedus attritellus</taxonomicName>
Staudinger, 1871: 316.
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<paragraph id="ADABA54B88D8B609DD157B4DEA6F8381" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Examined material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A676E769004449D44703A6F3F20DDC1C" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
Lectotype ♂, here designated, [Russia, Volgograd oblast]
<normalizedToken id="780BE203DAA072E13E3A2F73AF23747D" originalValue="“Lecto-type”">&quot;Lecto-type&quot;</normalizedToken>
&quot;Sarepta [Krasnoarmeysk] Chr.[istoph]&quot;
<normalizedToken id="E23AA8F36BA6F14907C5DE0D06E84FC8" originalValue="“Origin.”">&quot;Origin.&quot;</normalizedToken>
&quot;Lectotype ♂ Megacraspedus attritellus Stdgr teste K. Sattler, 1986&quot; &quot;ex coll. Staudinger&quot; &quot;GU 16/1426 ♂ P.Huemer&quot; (ZMHU). Paralectotypes, 3 ♂,
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<normalizedToken id="FE2ACB0FF90E5D431213E3A174F37AEA" originalValue="“Origin.”">&quot;Origin.&quot;</normalizedToken>
&quot;ex coll. Staudinger&quot;, genitalia slide 03022304 J. Junnilainen (ZMHU). Non-type material. Russia. 1 ♂, Volgograd oblast, Sarepta, 1872, coll. Staudinger, genitalia slide 3203 Mus. Vind. (NHMW); 1 ♂, Volgograd oblast, Volgograd, 25-31.v.1967, leg. V. Zouhar (ZMUC); 2 ♂, Orenburg oblast, near Burannoe, 18.viii.2006, leg. K. Nupponen (ZMUC); 1 ♂, same data, but 7.viii.2005, genitalia slide no. 2/11.X.2005 K. Nupponen (RCKN); 1 ♂, Orenburg oblast, 20 km S Pokrovka village, Schibendy valley, 21.viii.2006, leg. K. Nupponen, genitalia prep. (in glycerin) (RCKN); 2 ♂, S Ural, Orenburg distr., 40 km W Orsk, Guberlia village, 12-13.vii.2015, leg. H. Roweck &amp; N. Savenkov (ECKU); 1 ♂, Dagestan oblast, Derbent, leg. Christoph (ZMHU). No collecting data. 2 ♂ (MZH); 4 ♂, coll. Staudinger (ZMHU).
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<subSubSection id="DDFC855B6804C96ABC7EBDBA473CA4A3" lastPageId="131" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="redescription">
<paragraph id="D831BE2E9D5032902FDBA247477CA566" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1CF960089176D78C01D2D13780924961" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Adult. Male (Figure 108). Wingspan 11-13 mm. Segment 2 of labial palpus short with sub-triangular scale brush of about same length as segment 3, brown on outer and lower surface, white on inner and upper surface; segment 3 about half as long as segment 2, white mottled with brown. Antennal scape with pecten of several hairs; flagellum ringed black and light brown. Head and thorax cream-white mottled with light brown; tegula whitish. Forewing white, more or less densely mottled blackish brown, especially along costa, in fold and in apical area; an irregular whitish streak from base almost to apex; two elongate black dots in fold; a black dot at end of cell; termen with black scales; fringes light grey with darker fringe line. Hindwing light grey with concolorous fringes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7FC9790DC00A803865BC24742B7846E4" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D2CD4969C4D33A789DDD58327B89001C" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
<pageBreakToken id="EE91077A8A7B7B1B18B0028A5AF95C85" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" start="start">Variation</pageBreakToken>
. There is variation in the amount of blackish brown scales on the forewing. Worn specimens become whitish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="372E4723CB097019B835EEBE6D8D1C3B" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Male genitalia (Figure 234). Uncus large, sub-square, latero-apically convex; gnathos hook slender, slightly longer than uncus, strongly bent at about one-fifth, distal part straight, apically pointed; anterior margin of tegumen with shallow, rounded emargination and small additional emargination medially; pedunculi of moderate size; valva moderately stout, distally weakly curved, extending to about middle of uncus; saccular area densely covered with setae, without separated sacculus; posterior margin of vinculum with shallow medial emargination, without distinct lateral humps, vincular sclerite elongated sub-triangular, with strongly sclerotised posterior edge; saccus prominent, V-shaped, evenly tapered to rounded apex, ratio maximum width to length approximately 0.85, posterior margin with broadly rounded mediolateral projections, separated by shallow incision, medial part with long sclerotised ridge from posterior margin almost to apex of saccus, lateral sclerites nearly length of maximum width of saccus, with distinctly bulged apex; phallus with bulbous coecum, distal two-thirds slender, straight, dorsal part with distinct sub-triangular sclerotisation sub-apically.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="07FD1539DB1BA53CCC470D1F7296E632" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Female genitalia. Unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DF93469B97E538B901C8D2D1C9D4706B" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C9BE0575628F22F8F353381980058D32" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
<taxonomicName id="37E1BDC2EA6D7F2BE364CBC65F7B35ED" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Megacraspedus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megacraspedus attritellus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="attritellus">Megacraspedus attritellus</taxonomicName>
is characterised by segment 3 of the labial palpus being short, by the pecten of the antennal scape, and by its blackish brown forewings with a whitish longitudinal streak and three elongate black spots. Among species with a scale brush at segment 2 and short segment 3 of the labial palpus it resembles
<taxonomicName id="60E42ED803CA6616614D44047E315A12" lsidName="M. leuca" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="leuca">M. leuca</taxonomicName>
most, but that species is larger, and has lighter forewings with indistinct black dots. It is furthermore similar to
<taxonomicName id="25BB64D1435F3379439E5873964E6955" lsidName="M. nupponeni" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="nupponeni">M. nupponeni</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (p 135) and
<taxonomicName id="C4192D7BA33FBBA25FB7A530C38318D4" lsidName="M. orenburgensis" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="orenburgensis">M. orenburgensis</taxonomicName>
(p 144). The male genitalia are very similar to
<taxonomicName id="904191188D4A2E70FC76621B5CF8C821" lsidName="M. cerussatellus" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="cerussatellus">M. cerussatellus</taxonomicName>
(Figure 233) from which they differ in characters such as the slightly shorter and more slender gnathos hook, the more slender saccus and in particular the comparatively shorter and less bulbous basal part of the phallus, with a characteristic sub-apical sclerotisation. They differ from
<taxonomicName id="84C7C7F8546844E462B1659AF5B29965" lsidName="M. consortiella" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="consortiella">M. consortiella</taxonomicName>
(Figure 235) e.g., in the sub-square shape of the uncus and are easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="D01A3A8825EF1D7EC4167E6B359ACCDD" lsidName="M. leuca" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="leuca">M. leuca</taxonomicName>
by the distinctly smaller and V-shaped saccus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E30B46F12626325B5B6A3F759E2D2A81" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" type="molecular data">
<paragraph id="4FA6A67934927CFC0D330127773070F2" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Molecular data.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1241BF47BDB7E87F899751F7DAD15E2F" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
BIN BOLD:ACE2700 (n = 3), BOLD:ACB0770 (n = 1). Genetically variable species. The intraspecific divergence of the barcode region is low in one cluster, with mean 0.1% and maximum divergence of 0.2% and unknown in the second cluster. The maximum distance between both clusters is 4.2%, indicating possible cryptic diversity, whereas the distance to the nearest neighbour
<taxonomicName id="C326C739AAF01417E93098998DCA8505" lsidName="M. leuca" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="leuca">M. leuca</taxonomicName>
is 6.8% (p-dist).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3F992E1C79FD471EFB3D79014A5A113" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BEBD118ECFA5DED22867F0D98B5665A3" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C283677BCFC1EE62125493FDEB75755" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">South-western Russia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0A3877139CE14BBA5172EBC76E650BCA" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="DA4A8D43288118D54DEF9A8E166C7819" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="415C21DADDC54AED59401FC200CF6118" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
Host plant and early stages are unknown. The adults have been collected during July and August in steppe grassland at unreported altitudes (
<bibRefCitation id="FBCE60461FDBA3FD34F4083E335DAB83" author="Junnilainen, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" pagination="1 - 34" title="The gelechiid fauna of the Southern Ural Mountains, part I: descriptions of seventeen new species (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)." volume="2366" year="2010">Junnilainen and Nupponen 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 12), with a single specimen found in May.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CDB10457D89147C53B6C78C372C04D10" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="F890B335536579AA0BCF0EDF53DDDF61" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FFC7B0714B62D4F950FCFE6F946A15D8" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
<taxonomicName id="6453403D64BE60956C82DCCD13D29755" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Megacraspedus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megacraspedus attritellus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="attritellus">Megacraspedus attritellus</taxonomicName>
was described from four males collected by H Christoph in Sarepta (now Krasnoarmeysk), southern Russia (Staudinger 1871). A lectotype, already labelled as such by K Sattler, is here designated in order to fix the identity of the species and conserve stability of nomenclature.
<bibRefCitation id="275AB4F694273778C3B968CF74BED450" author="Anikin, VV" editor="Anikin, VV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Museum Witt Munich, Munich, Vilnius" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" pagination="1 - 693" title="Types of Microlepidoptera described form the Volgo-Ural Region Pp. 457 - 481." volume="7" volumeTitle="Fauna lepidopterologica Volgo-Uralensis: from P. Pallas to present days." year="2017">Anikin and Zolotuhin (2017</bibRefCitation>
: 469, pl. 35, fig. 7) figured the lectotype but did not designate it following
<bibRefCitation id="22F0271EBC0FB296829D4C1C9560FEE1" author="Huemer, P" journalOrPublisher="The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" title="International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth edition." year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
Art. 74.7.3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="5383E3D1041EC4FA4B7E5FAD7BACF833" pageNumber="668">
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<emphasis id="DC17238363370194FC69141AB068CA2F" italics="true" pageNumber="668">Muntiacus vuquangensis</emphasis>
Tuoc, Dung, Dawson, Arctander and Mackinnon 1994
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="59CC458F7557997534F9790610629619" pageNumber="668" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="5A1771EA308D95723F5D748A59C0E7E5" pageNumber="668">
<treatmentCitation id="B2B8358D92658D0D3D043F4FA6ED329F" author="Tuoc, Dung, Dawson, Arctander and Mackinnon" authority="Tuoc, Dung, Dawson, Arctander and Mackinnon 1994" authorityName="Tuoc, Dung, Dawson, Arctander and Mackinnon" authorityYear="1994" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Muntiacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" page="5" pageNumber="668" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vuquangensis" title="Muntiacus vuquangensis" volumeTitle="Science and Technology news. Forest Inventory and Planning Institue (Hanoi)" year="1994">
<taxonomicName id="5FD94F38CD18CB2F04744A9E87635BA9" ID-CoL="742Z3" authority="Tuoc, Dung, Dawson, Arctander and Mackinnon 1994" authorityName="Tuoc, Dung, Dawson, Arctander and Mackinnon" authorityYear="1994" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Muntiacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="668" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vuquangensis">
<emphasis id="A1577869035A153618E3A6C6F52A7B59" italics="true" pageNumber="668">Muntiacus vuquangensis</emphasis>
Tuoc, Dung, Dawson, Arctander and Mackinnon 1994
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="30C475F27221C7B747CF28FA34A3DA7E" author="Tuoc, Dung, Dawson, Arctander and Mackinnon" pageNumber="668" pagination="5" title="Muntiacus vuquangensis" volumeTitle="Science and Technology news. Forest Inventory and Planning Institue (Hanoi)" year="1994">
Science and Technology news. Forest Inventory and Planning Institue (
<collectingRegion id="45062226C46B6A0C51573FC4A84D6BCD" country="Vietnam" name="Ha Noi">Hanoi</collectingRegion>
): 5
</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B25D899904672E5B7CC8276B98C15C1F" pageNumber="668" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E82D22F0B6E7852596D751BB2FC07F12" pageNumber="668">
<emphasis id="B2F02929D45103C0C4DAA3044CA3A9D6" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="668">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="FE9626D29C89022ECB87CA011AED75A1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867329643" country="Vietnam" pageNumber="668" stateProvince="Ha Tinh">
&quot;Vu Quang Nature Reserve in
<collectingRegion id="C4EB1AAD7767DF136D539E81DE583DE7" country="Vietnam" name="Ha Tinh">Ha tinh province</collectingRegion>
of
<collectingCountry id="44562905ABD66B268273C6006AB0B0F4" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
&quot;.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CFD804C564FBCB0DCCE44FB4FD350F93" pageNumber="668" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="38B73AA8892AC0DAA2361F9D1DE7F31E" pageNumber="668">
<emphasis id="21F6FEC184D5F0FF457BABBB7F9BCA10" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="668">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="C7E3C9F09B590C947C0225EB48D7AFCA" language="eng" pageNumber="668">Large-antlered Muntjac</vernacularName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="E54667E79EB330CC2923EEC1D4318E8E" pageNumber="668">
<emphasis id="B568420689750AA7685EB289642B398D" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="668">Distribution:</emphasis>
Upland forest in
<collectingCountry id="69C46F22DA30A94D7949FA342F1226AA" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="661A1404437B988DFDCD7CE5A9D39B00" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F0DD774FB3EEE9352F40291766440321" pageNumber="668" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="62C61D8A3F3F30436BACB9476E38A405" pageNumber="668">
<emphasis id="8D3E89A34D46989594CEBA680F649406" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="668">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="591FC34A8C3346C323AFD9BD72BDBDD4">CITES</collectionCode>
Appendix I as
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<emphasis id="4333EB94575AF92FBA851F410E7D396B" italics="true" pageNumber="668">Megamuntiacus vuquanghensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[sic]. Locally relatively abundant but its restriction to upland forests suggests it should be classified as Potentially At Risk (
<bibRefCitation id="BC62DE1321C580A4BAADD87D431E58F0" author="Duckworth, J. W. &amp; D. L. Harrison &amp; R. J. Timmins" refId="ref89012" refString="Duckworth, J. W., D. L. Harrison, and R. J. Timmins. 1993. Notes on a collection of small mammals from the Ethiopian Rift Valley. Mammalia, 57: 278 - 282." year="1993">Duckworth et al. 1993</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="711E3AC3604F13267A6DA7BDEDBE155C" pageNumber="668" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8D29F51829A967350A3AD416578BEE2A" pageNumber="668">
<emphasis id="E79A8E14EE2609930B50A375A9CD7983" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="668">Discussion:</emphasis>
Distribution and status in
<collectingCountry id="19360CF5D50FAB85168D18ED784C60CA" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
reviewed by
<bibRefCitation id="CEB31DB81BDF7C903BF5D2C6124704C9" author="Timmins, R. J. &amp; T. D. Evans &amp; K. Khounboline &amp; C. Sisomphone" refId="ref356816" refString="Timmins, R. J., T. D. Evans, K. Khounboline, and C. Sisomphone. 1998. Status and conservation of the giant muntjac Megmuntiacus vuquangensis, and notes on other muntjac species in Laos. Oryx, 32: 59 - 67." year="1998">Timmins et al (1998)</bibRefCitation>
. Placed in genus
<taxonomicName id="3F7F54EC9D72E7BF43E0969F7DBDFAF5" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Muntiacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9C88EEBB85EABDCCA7D29F6E2A8B7201" italics="true" pageNumber="668">Muntiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="3577888CF60F325DE1A95696F3F71C91" author="Amato, G. &amp; M. G. Egan &amp; G. B. Schaller" refId="ref7284" refString="Amato, G., M. G. Egan, and G. B. Schaller. 2000. Mitochrondrial DNA variation in muntjac: Evidence for discovery, rediscovery, and phylogenetic relationships. Pp. 285 - 295, in Antelopes, deer, and relatives. Fossil record, behavioral ecology, systematics, and conservation (E. S. Vrba and G. B. Schaller, eds.). Yale University Press, New Haven, 341 pp." year="2000">Amato et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A806A2696BCB0CBCEF78F6720EBBB080" author="Giao, P. M. &amp; D. Tuoc &amp; V. V. Dung &amp; E. D. Wikramanayake &amp; G. Amato &amp; P. Arctander &amp; J. R. Mackinnon" refId="ref120358" refString="Giao, P. M., D. Tuoc, V. V. Dung, E. D. Wikramanayake, G. Amato, P. Arctander, and J. R. Mackinnon. 1998. Description of Muntiacus truongsonensis, a new species of muntjac (Artiodactyla: Muntiacidae) from Central Vietnam, and implications for conservation. Animal Conservation, 1: 61 - 68." year="1998">Giao et al (1998)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="F27AF59CC85175C115A4D9EB2EDA1E79" author="Schaller, G. B. &amp; E. S. Vrba" refId="ref318832" refString="Schaller, G. B., and E. S. Vrba. 1996. Description of the giant muntjac (Megamuntiacus vuquangensis) in Laos. Journal of Mammalogy, 77: 675 - 683." year="1996">Schaller and Vrba (1996)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="503C61CF755D8421924857082080FF68" pageId="0" pageNumber="1165">
Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia (
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,
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,
<bibRefCitation id="9A32DF5DA80CBF14A0CB7FCB95B48358" author="Gagarin, V. G." journalOrPublisher="Nauka" pageId="0" pageNumber="1165" title="Svobodnozhyvushchie nematody presnykh vod Rossii i sopredelnykh stran. Fauna i puti ee formirovania, ekologia, taksonomia, filogenia" year="2001">Gagarin 2001a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="2F0524BABE2882797CDD8342A0EECA00" author="Gagarin, V. G." journalOrPublisher="Nauka" pageId="0" pageNumber="1165" title="Nematody otriada Diplogasterida fauny Rossii" year="2008">Gagarin 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
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Subfamily
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Belinae
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, 1826: 73 [stem: Bel-]. Type genus:
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. ins. 1. phal. 3. t. 5.
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Habitat in
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Larva geometrica, 12 - poda, viridis, subpilosa, nec ideo ad
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amandanda
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<mods:affiliation>Departement de Biologie et Ecologie Vegetales, Faculte des Sciences, BP 906, Universite d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Manuel, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName LSID="700E788A-891A-58FE-A743-455EE5FF89D3" authority="sp. Ma 4" authorityName="sp. Ma 4" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Pachynectes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachynectes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachynectes sp. Ma4</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
: MAK-5A;
<specimenCount type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
: MAK-5D;
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
: MAK-14A;
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
: MAK-29;
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
: MAK-45;
<specimenCount type="male">8 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
: MAK-50;
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
: MAK-51;
<specimenCount type="male">57 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">37 ♀♀</specimenCount>
: MAK-52;
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
: MAK-59C.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Madagascar. So far endemic to the Makay massif.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This is an undescribed species, rather large for the genus, and very close to another undescribed species which lives in the Isalo massif.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat in study area</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Representative habitats of aquatic Adephaga in Makay. Sites located in the peripheral area: A large shallow puddle on the sandy bank of the Mangoky River in Beroroa (MAK- 1 C), habitat of Pachynectes costulifer, Yola costipennis B, C shallow, slowly flowing stream in semi-open area, with sandy bottom and high density of green algae (MAK- 2), habitat of Bidessus longistriga, B. perexiguus, Canthydrus concolor, C. flavosignatus, C. guttula, Clypeodytes concivis, C. sp. Ma 3, Cybister cinctus, Hydaticus servillianus, Hydroglyphus geminodes, Hydrovatus acuminatus, H. capnius, H. cruentatus, H. dentatus, H. otiosus, H. parvulus, H. pictulus, H. testudinarius, H. sp. Ma 7, Laccophilus addendus, L. flaveolus, L. pallescens, L. posticus, L. rivulosus, L. seyrigi, Methles sp. Ma 5, Neohydrocoptus seriatus, Pachynectes sp. Ma 1, Philaccolus elongatus, Pseuduvarus sp. Ma 1, Rhantaticus congestus, Uvarus rivulorum. Sites located in inner Makay: D puddle (on the right) on the sandy bank of the Andranomanintsy River (left half of the picture) (MAK- 3), habitat of Copelatus ruficapillus, Hydrovatus acuminatus, Hyphydrus separandus, Laccophilus makay, L. posticus, Madaglymbus fairmairei, Pachynectes sp. Ma 1 E spring on the bank of the Andranomanintsy River (MAK- 4), habitat of Copelatus ruficapillus, Hydroglyphus capitatus, H. geminodes, Hyphydrus separandus, Laccophilus makay, L. posticus, Pachynectes sp. Ma 1 F deep pond above natural dam in the bottom of a canyon (MAK- 5 A), habitat of Africophilus nesiotes, Hyphydrus separandus, L. addendus, Laccophilus insularum, L. makay, Neptosternus oblongus, Pachynectes sp. Ma 1, P. sp. Ma 4 G edge of small shallow stream, in the bottom of a deep strongly embanked canyon, with orange deposit of iron bacteria (MAK- 6), habitat of Copelatus acamas and Laccophilus makay H vertical rock wall with water film and crust of bryophytes and algae, in the bottom of a deep canyon (MAK- 9), habitat of Africophilus bartolozzii I large quiet and shaded pool in forest, along streamlet, with masses of tree roots and bottom of sand, gravel and stones (MAK- 8), habitat of Africophilus bartolozzii, A. nesiotes, Copelatus ruficapillus, Hydaticus sobrinus, Hyphydrus separandus, Laccophilus makay, Pachynectes sp. Ma 1 J (context) K (close-up) Puddle with orange masses of iron bacteria, in stream bed, in the bottom of a deep strongly embanked canyon (MAK- 7), habitat of Copelatus acamas, C. ruficapillus, Laccophilus makay L (context) M (close-up) Small pool with clay-sandy bottom and plant debris, in a small canyon, in gallery forest (MAK- 10), habitat of Copelatus ruficapillus, Hyphydrus separandus, Laccophilus makay, Madaglymbus fairmairei N small shaded pool, with orange masses of iron bacteria, in gallery forest against the wall of a canyon (MAK- 14 A), habitat of Africophilus nesiotes, Copelatus acamas, Hydaticus dorsiger, Hyphydrus separandus, Laccophilus makay, Pachynectes sp. Ma 1, P. sp. Ma 4 O small muddy pond, with sparse vegetation, in open area on the sandy banks of the Menapanda River (MAK- 11 A), habitat of Canthydrus guttula, Copelatus polystrigus, Hydaticus dorsiger, Laccophilus addendus, L. posticus, Neohydrocoptus seriatus P puddle with turbid water and without vegetation, in open area on the sandy banks of the Menapanda River (MAK- 11 - B), habitat of Copelatus polystrigus, C. ruficapillus, Eretes griseus, Hydaticus dorsiger, H. exclamationis, Hyphydrus separandus, Laccophilus addendus, L. posticus, Madaglymbus fairmairei." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.85737.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/764728" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2F, N</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
. Similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Pachynectes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachynectes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pachynectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. Ma1 (with which it was syntopic at all sites), but this species is rarer.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
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<mods:title id="9029D6F813AC3CE82374BD5A3DF83A06">A Supplement to the Revision of theAnthaxia (Haplanthaxia) KheilianaSpecies-Group (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Buprestinae: Anthaxiini)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="F8183747FF8021674FE96BF095E8FAD9" blockId="0.[190,641,1267,1341]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<heading id="A350802BFF8021674FE96BF095E8FAD9" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" reason="2">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8021674FE96BF095E8FAD9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="3FA74CC4FF8021674FE96BF0964EFAF2" authority="Bily" authorityName="Bily" box="[190,636,1267,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellamyorum" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Haplanthaxia">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8021674FE96BF0952BFAF2" bold="true" box="[190,281,1267,1288]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Anthaxia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8021674E7C6BF09581FAF2" bold="true" box="[299,435,1267,1288]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Haplanthaxia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8021674E926BF09674FAF2" bold="true" box="[453,582,1267,1288]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">bellamyorum</emphasis>
Bílý
</taxonomicName>
,
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</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD64CCFF8021674E3E6A2B95E4FAC7" box="[361,470,1320,1341]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8021674E3E6A2B95E4FAC7" blockId="0.[190,641,1267,1341]" box="[361,470,1320,1341]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
(
<figureCitation id="609C2BC2FF8021674E276A2B9587FAC7" box="[368,437,1320,1341]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[175,207,916,935]" captionTargetBox="[151,637,194,892]" captionTargetId="figure-388@1.[151,637,194,892]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) bellamyorum, holotype, male, 3.9 mm;." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10101557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10101557/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="609C2BC2FF8021674E946A2B95E2FAC7" box="[451,464,1320,1341]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[709,742,764,783]" captionTargetBox="[819,1052,197,739]" captionTargetId="figure-403@1.[685,1171,183,741]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 2. Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) bellamyorum, aedeagus, paratype, 0.7 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10101555" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10101555/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD64CCFF8021674F926A509519F976" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8021674F926A509519F976" blockId="0.[173,659,1363,1729]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8021674F926A50955CFA92" bold="true" box="[197,366,1363,1384]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Type Specimens.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="48CF3D1AFF8021674E2B6A50952EF988" collectingDate="1996-11-08" collectingDateMax="2008-04-28" collectingDateMin="1996-11-08" collectionCode="NMPC" collectorName="M. Snizek" country="Kenya" county="Snizek" location="Eastern" municipality="Snizek" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="26" specimenCount-female="12" specimenCount-male="14" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="271C89E5FF8021674E2B6A5095D0FA92" box="[380,482,1363,1384]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male (
<collectionCode id="9EB6AF82FF8021674D616A5096BAFA92" box="[566,648,1363,1384]" country="Czech Republic" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hj12-2xm7" name="National Museum Prague" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">NMPC</collectionCode>
): “
<collectingCountry id="80B077D7FF8021674FEF6A6D94CFFA79" box="[184,253,1390,1411]" name="Kenya" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="FD78619CFF8021674E5A6A6D956EFA79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E8651FF8021664FE96BF097A9FAD7:FD78619CFF8021674E5A6A6D956EFA79" box="[269,348,1390,1411]" country="Kenya" county="Snizek" municipality="Snizek" name="Eastern" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Eastern</location>
,
<location id="FD78619CFF8021674E3A6A6D959DFA79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E8651FF8021664FE96BF097A9FAD7:FD78619CFF8021674E3A6A6D959DFA79" box="[365,431,1390,1411]" country="Kenya" county="Snizek" municipality="Snizek" name="Nguni" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Nguni</location>
, 30.xii.207, A[N] of
<location id="FD78619CFF8021674FFA6A8B953AFA67" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E8651FF8021664FE96BF097A9FAD7:FD78619CFF8021674FFA6A8B953AFA67" box="[173,264,1416,1437]" country="Kenya" county="Snizek" municipality="Snizek" name="Ngomeni" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Ngomeni</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="187CAD3DFF8021674E456A8B9560FA67" box="[274,338,1416,1438]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Snížek</collectingMunicipality>
lgt.”;
<typeStatus id="271C89E5FF8021674EC66A8B95EFFA67" box="[401,477,1416,1437]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AF82FF8021674EBC6A8B9606FA67" box="[491,564,1416,1437]" country="Czech Republic" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hj12-2xm7" name="National Museum Prague" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">NMPC</collectionCode>
): “
<collectingCountry id="80B077D7FF8021674D186A8B96BDFA67" box="[591,655,1416,1437]" name="Kenya" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="8C191187FF8021674FFA6AA09502FA42" box="[173,304,1443,1464]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" value="1996-11-08" valueMax="1996-11-18" valueMin="1996-11-08">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE86FFF8021674FFA6AA09502FA42" box="[173,304,1443,1464]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" value="1996-11-08" valueMax="1996-11-18" valueMin="1996-11-08">8.-18.xi.1996</collectingDate>
</date>
, Voi, Tsawo,
<collectorName id="55525291FF8021674EEF6AA0962FFA42" box="[440,541,1442,1464]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">M. Snížek</collectorName>
leg.”;
<typeStatus id="271C89E5FF8021674D356AA094EDFA28" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="EEA1FCCEFF8021674FA56ABE9577FA28" box="[242,325,1469,1490]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="male">7 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="EEA1FCCEFF8021674E036ABE9589FA28" box="[340,443,1469,1490]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="female">6 females</specimenCount>
): same data as holotype (
<specimenCount id="EEA1FCCEFF8021674FBF6ADB950BFA17" box="[232,313,1496,1517]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="EEA1FCCEFF8021674E1F6ADB9596FA17" box="[328,420,1496,1517]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
); same data as
<typeStatus id="271C89E5FF8021674D106ADB96A1FA17" box="[583,659,1496,1517]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="EEA1FCCEFF8021674FE26AF1953EF9FD" box="[181,268,1522,1543]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="EEA1FCCEFF8021674E4A6AF195BBF9FD" box="[285,393,1522,1543]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
); “
<collectingCountry id="80B077D7FF8021674EFA6AF195C3F9FD" box="[429,497,1522,1543]" name="Kenya" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, Eastern,
<locationDeviation id="E9AA2E65FF8021674D356AF194DAF9D8" location="Thika" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">E of Thika</locationDeviation>
,
<date id="8C191187FF8021674FAF690E9553F9D8" box="[248,353,1549,1570]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" value="2008-04-28">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE86FFF8021674FAF690E9553F9D8" box="[248,353,1549,1570]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" value="2008-04-28">28.iv.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
, SW Kangonde, Snížek lgt.” (
<specimenCount id="EEA1FCCEFF8021674FE369249533F9C6" box="[180,257,1575,1596]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="EEA1FCCEFF8021674E5B69249550F9C6" box="[268,354,1575,1596]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
); “
<collectingCountry id="80B077D7FF8021674E296924958FF9C6" box="[382,445,1575,1596]" name="Kenya" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, Eastern, 26.iv.[20]08, E 729, Sosoma,
<locationDeviation id="E9AA2E65FF8021674E0769419622F9AD" box="[336,528,1602,1623]" location="Thika" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<quantity id="3F5F9AA2FF8021674E07694195A8F9AD" box="[336,410,1602,1623]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.02" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" unit="km" value="202.0">202 km</quantity>
E of Thika
</locationDeviation>
,
<collectingCounty id="11794FCBFF8021674D4B6941966EF9AD" box="[540,604,1602,1624]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Snížek</collectingCounty>
leg.” (
<specimenCount id="EEA1FCCEFF8021674FE1695E9527F988" box="[182,277,1629,1650]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="48CF3D1AFF8021674E7C695E9515F976" collectionCode="NMPC, MKCN" country="Kenya" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="271C89E5FF8021674E7C695E95B9F988" box="[299,395,1629,1650]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
are deposited in
<collectionCode id="9EB6AF82FF8021674D19695E96A1F988" box="[590,659,1629,1650]" country="Czech Republic" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hj12-2xm7" name="National Museum Prague" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">NMPC</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="9EB6AF82FF8021674F8C69749515F976" box="[219,295,1655,1676]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">MKCN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD64CCFF8021664F92699194D4FA91" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8021664F926991951CFB4B" blockId="0.[173,659,1363,1729]" lastBlockId="1.[151,638,996,1729]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8021674F9269919599F95D" bold="true" box="[197,427,1682,1703]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
Description.
<typeStatus id="271C89E5FF8021674E1969919599F95D" box="[334,427,1682,1703]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="609C2BC2FF8021674EEB699195CAF95D" box="[444,504,1682,1703]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[175,207,916,935]" captionTargetBox="[151,637,194,892]" captionTargetId="figure-388@1.[151,637,194,892]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) bellamyorum, holotype, male, 3.9 mm;." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10101557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10101557/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
):
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8021674D5869919674F95D" bold="true" box="[527,582,1682,1703]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Head</emphasis>
: Large, slightly wider than anterior pronotal margin; eyes large, subelliptical, slightly projecting beyond outline of head; frontoclypeus narrow, slightly triangularly emarginate anteriorly, frons regularly convex; vertex 1.5X as wide as width of eye; antennae very short, barely reaching midlength of lateral pronotal margins when laid alongside; scape claviform, slightly curved, 3X as long as wide, pedicel subcylindrical, 1.5X as long as wide; third antennomere obtusely triangular, as long as wide; antennomeres 410 obtusely triangular to trapezoidal, 1.51.8X as wide as long; terminal antennomere rhomboid, 1.5X as wide as long; sculpture of head consisting of very small, dense, polygonal cells with tiny, nearly indistinct central grains.
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8021674C5D6B4A9742FBA4" bold="true" box="[778,880,1097,1118]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Pronotum</emphasis>
: Convex, 1.8X as wide as long; anterior margin distinctly biarcuate, posterior margin feebly biarcuate; lateral margins slightly rounded, nearly subparallel at midlength; posterior angles obtuse; sculpture very fine, consisting of small, polygonal cells with fine central grains; central part with slightly transverse cells on posterior half and with nearly indistinct cells on anterior half; lateroposterior depressions wide and shallow.
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8021674CD06A3B97C2FAB7" bold="true" box="[903,1008,1336,1357]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Scutellum</emphasis>
: Relatively large, subcordiform, flat, slightly longer than wide.
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8021674D946A6D9734FA79" bold="true" box="[707,774,1390,1411]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Elytra</emphasis>
: Nearly cuneate, rather convex, 1.8X as long as wide, slightly uneven, humeral swellings small but distinct, transverse; basal depression deep, reaching scutellum, interrupted by small callosity near humerus; supralateral groove distinct, deep and wide at posterior third; epipleura wide, parallel-sided, not reaching elytral apex; apical fourth of costal margins very finely serrate; sculpture very fine, consisting of rather sparse, small punctures which are rougher in circumscutellar region.
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8021674C0C697497ABF976" bold="true" box="[859,921,1655,1676]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Venter</emphasis>
: Surface lustrous, very finely punctate, prosternal process flat, densely punctate; anal ventrite obtusely truncate.
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8021674B7769AF907DF93B" bold="true" box="[1056,1103,1708,1729]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Legs</emphasis>
: Slender, relatively long, mesotibiae straight, metatibiae very slightly, widely emarginate and indistinctly serrate on posterior third. Tarsal claws fine, slightly curved, only slightly enlarged at base.
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664E936B309617FBB2" bold="true" box="[452,549,1075,1096]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Aedeagus</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="609C2BC2FF8121664D626B309640FBB2" box="[565,626,1075,1096]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[709,742,764,783]" captionTargetBox="[819,1052,197,739]" captionTargetId="figure-403@1.[685,1171,183,741]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 2. Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) bellamyorum, aedeagus, paratype, 0.7 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10101555" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10101555/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
): Short, fusiform, dorsal fields of bristles (one of the principal characters of the species-group) rather large; median lobe sharply pointed apically, not serrate laterally.
</paragraph>
<caption id="ACD867CFFF8121664D926DFF9798FCDD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10101555" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10101555" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10101555/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" startId="1.[709,742,764,783]" targetBox="[819,1052,197,739]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8121664D926DFF9798FCDD" blockId="1.[685,1171,764,807]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664D926DFF9734FCF5" bold="true" box="[709,774,764,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3FA74CC4FF8121664C4B6DFF90BFFCF5" box="[796,1165,764,783]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellamyorum" subGenus="Haplanthaxia">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664C4B6DFF975CFCF5" box="[796,878,764,783]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Anthaxia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664CD46DFF9033FCF5" box="[899,1025,764,783]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Haplanthaxia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664B426DFF90BFFCF5" box="[1045,1165,764,783]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">bellamyorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, aedeagus, paratype, 0.7 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ACD867CFFF8121664FF86C97957EFC44" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10101557" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10101557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10101557/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" startId="1.[175,207,916,935]" targetBox="[151,637,194,892]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8121664FF86C97957EFC44" blockId="1.[151,637,915,958]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664FF86C9794DBFC5D" bold="true" box="[175,233,916,935]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3FA74CC4FF8121664FA86C909674FC5C" box="[255,582,915,935]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellamyorum" subGenus="Haplanthaxia">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664FA86C909579FC5C" box="[255,331,915,934]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Anthaxia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664E006C9095F9FC5C" box="[343,459,915,934]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Haplanthaxia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664E806C909674FC5C" box="[471,582,915,934]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">bellamyorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype, male, 3.9 mm;.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8121664FF86BB49673FAFB" blockId="1.[151,638,996,1729]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664FF86BB49549FB36" bold="true" box="[175,379,1207,1228]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Sexual Dimorphism.</emphasis>
Female differs from male only by the rounded anal ventrite, straight, unarmed metatibiae, and by the red tinge of the frons.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8121664FF86A059644FACF" blockId="1.[151,638,996,1729]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664FF86A059578FAE1" bold="true" box="[175,330,1286,1307]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Measurements.</emphasis>
Length: 3.85.0 mm (
<typeStatus id="271C89E5FF8121664D7E6A05964FFAE1" box="[553,637,1286,1307]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<quantity id="3F5F9AA2FF8121664FC06A2394D4FACF" box="[151,230,1312,1333]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
); width:
<quantity id="3F5F9AA2FF8121664E6A6A239580FACF" box="[317,434,1312,1334]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="1.55" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.3">1.31.8 mm</quantity>
(
<typeStatus id="271C89E5FF8121664E976A239626FACF" box="[448,532,1312,1333]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<quantity id="3F5F9AA2FF8121664D4B6A239659FACF" box="[540,619,1312,1333]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8121664FF86A3894D4FA91" blockId="1.[151,638,996,1729]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664FF86A38952CFAAA" bold="true" box="[175,286,1339,1360]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Variability.</emphasis>
No variability was observed except for size.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD64CCFF8121664FF86A739546FA7F" box="[175,372,1392,1413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8121664FF86A739546FA7F" blockId="1.[151,638,996,1729]" box="[175,372,1392,1413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664FF86A739533FA7F" bold="true" box="[175,257,1392,1413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Biology.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD64CCFF8121664FF86A88956CFA15" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8121664FF86A88956CFA15" blockId="1.[151,638,996,1729]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664FF86A889517FA5A" bold="true" box="[175,293,1419,1440]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Etymology.</emphasis>
This new species is dedicated to my late, long time friend and colleague Dr. Charles “Chuck” L. Bellamy and to his loving wife, Rose Bellamy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD64CCFF8121664FF86AF7907AFAE9" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8121664FF86AF795DDF93B" blockId="1.[151,638,996,1729]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664FF86AF7952AF9F3" bold="true" box="[175,280,1524,1545]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Small (3.85.0 mm), lustrous, robust, rather convex, slightly wedge-shaped (
<figureCitation id="609C2BC2FF8121664FC8692A94EEF9C4" box="[159,220,1577,1598]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[175,207,916,935]" captionTargetBox="[151,637,194,892]" captionTargetId="figure-388@1.[151,637,194,892]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) bellamyorum, holotype, male, 3.9 mm;." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10101557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10101557/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
); dorsal surface bronze, frons of female with red luster; ventral surface dark bronze with brassy tinge; antennae and tarsi black; dorsal surface asetose, frons with short, rather dense, cream-white pubescence; ventral surface with sparse, recumbent, short, white pubescence.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8121664D926C57907AFAE9" blockId="1.[685,1172,852,1325]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="3FA74CC4FF8121664D926C579795FC90" box="[709,935,852,874]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellamyorum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664D926C579795FC90" box="[709,935,852,874]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Anthaxia bellamyorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
looks like a small version of
<taxonomicName id="3FA74CC4FF8121664C576C6C96D0FC65" authority="Bily, 2008" authorityName="Bily" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta" subGenus="Haplanthaxia">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664C576C6C9769FC7F" box="[768,859,879,901]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Anthaxia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664C386C6C97C8FC7F" box="[879,1018,879,901]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Haplanthaxia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664B5A6C6C906AFC7F" box="[1037,1112,879,901]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">occulta</emphasis>
Bílý, 2008
</taxonomicName>
, but strongly differs from it by the size, the wider vertex (as wide as width of eye in
<taxonomicName id="3FA74CC4FF8121664DFA6CBC9727FC2F" authorityName="Bily" authorityYear="2008" box="[685,789,959,981]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664DFA6CBC9689FC2F" box="[685,699,959,981]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664D996CBC9727FC2F" box="[718,789,959,981]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">occulta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), absence of two punctiform depressions on the pronotal disc, much finer, medially transverse pronotal sculpture, and by the completely different male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="609C2BC2FF8121664CBC6B0C9014FBDE" box="[1003,1062,1039,1060]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[709,742,764,783]" captionTargetBox="[819,1052,197,739]" captionTargetId="figure-403@1.[685,1171,183,741]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 2. Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) bellamyorum, aedeagus, paratype, 0.7 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10101555" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10101555/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
vs. fig.
<quantity id="3F5F9AA2FF8121664B2C6B0C96F2FBC4" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.556" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" unit="in" value="14.0">14 in</quantity>
Bílý 2008). Within the
<taxonomicName id="3FA74CC4FF8121664CE96B2A9008FBC5" authorityName="Obenberger" authorityYear="1931" box="[958,1082,1065,1087]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kheiliana">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664CE96B2A9008FBC5" box="[958,1082,1065,1087]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">A. kheiliana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
speciesgroup,
<taxonomicName id="3FA74CC4FF8121664DA16B4097BFFBA3" box="[758,909,1091,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellamyorum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664DA16B4097BFFBA3" box="[758,909,1091,1113]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">A.bellamyorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished by its wide vertex, which varies between 0.61.0 times as wide as the eye in the remaining species. By the fusiform male genitalia, it somewhat resembles
<taxonomicName id="3FA74CC4FF8121664DFA6BAD97FBFB24" authority="Descarpentries and Brunneau de Mire, 1963" authorityName="Descarpentries and Brunneau de Mire" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teloukatiae" subGenus="Haplanthaxia">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664DFA6BAD9733FB3E" box="[685,769,1198,1220]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Anthaxia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664C476BAD97BDFB3E" box="[784,911,1198,1220]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Haplanthaxia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664CC96BAD9036FB3E" box="[926,1028,1198,1220]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">teloukatiae</emphasis>
Descarpentries and Brunneau de Miré, 1963
</taxonomicName>
, but other characters (body shape and pubescence, form of male tibiae, distribution) are quite different (Bílý 2008).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD64CCFF8121664D926A1B97A9FAD7" box="[709,923,1304,1325]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F8183747FF8121664D926A1B97A9FAD7" blockId="1.[685,1172,852,1325]" box="[709,923,1304,1325]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CAD3EB55FF8121664D926A1B977AFAD7" bold="true" box="[709,840,1304,1325]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="80B077D7FF8121664C026A1B97A4FAD7" box="[853,918,1304,1325]" name="Kenya" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Kenya</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBDBA349367A10FCF0" ID-CoL="3LCJ8" authority="(F. T. Wang &amp; Tang) Tamura et al. (2000: 157)" authorityName="Tamura et al." authorityPageNumber="157" authorityYear="2000" baseAuthorityName="F. T. Wang &amp; Tang" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[136,1069,770,797]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ginfushanicum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDBA349367C18FCF0" bold="true" box="[136,549,770,797]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Heteropolygonatum ginfushanicum</emphasis>
(F.T.Wang &amp; Tang) Tamura
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD84C49377D9DFCF1" box="[871,928,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">et al.</emphasis>
(2000: 157)
</taxonomicName>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD6511FFC8FFDBDBA3497A7FD5FB8C" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F818369AFFC8FFDBDBA3497A7C51FC41" blockId="6.[136,1452,846,940]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBDBDC497A7CDEFC89" authority="Wang &amp; Tang (1978: 249)" authorityName="Wang &amp; Tang" authorityPageNumber="249" authorityYear="1978" box="[247,739,846,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Smilacina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ginfoshanica">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDBDC497A7FE6FC8E" box="[247,475,846,867]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Smilacina ginfoshanica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9C364B6BFFC8FFDBDACA497A7CDEFC89" author="Wang F. T. &amp; Tang Y. C" box="[481,739,846,868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" pagination="26 - 40" refId="ref7159" refString="Wang F. T. &amp; Tang Y. C. (1978) Smilacina Desf. In: Wang, F. T. &amp; Tang, T. (Eds.) Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 15. Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Beijing, pp. 26 - 40." type="book chapter" year="1978">Wang &amp; Tang (1978: 249)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBD9D4497A7ED1FC65" authority="(F. T. Wang &amp; Tang) Wang &amp; Tang (1983: 261)" authorityName="Wang &amp; Tang" authorityPageNumber="261" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="F. T. Wang &amp; Tang" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Polygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ginfushanicum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD9D4497A7A2EFC8E" box="[767,1043,846,867]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Polygonatum ginfushanicum</emphasis>
(F.T.Wang &amp; Tang)
<bibRefCitation id="9C364B6BFFC8FFDBDFF5497A7ED1FC65" author="Wang, F. &amp; Tang, T. &amp; Liang, S." pageId="6" pageNumber="224" pagination="261 - 263" refId="ref7214" refString="Wang, F., Tang, T. &amp; Liang, S. (1983) Notes on Chinese Liliaceae XI. Acta Botanica Yunnanica 5: 261 - 263." type="journal article" year="1983">Wang &amp; Tang (1983: 261)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type:—
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFC8FFDBDA6849467FAFFC6A" box="[323,402,882,903]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBDAB049467C34FC65" box="[411,521,882,904]" country="China" name="Chongqing" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Chongqing</collectingRegion>
: Nanchuan County, “Gin-fu-shan” [Jinfo Shan],
<quantity id="3F5F9B7FFFC8FFDBD8F149467A5CFC6A" box="[986,1121,882,903]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.765" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.73" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" unit="m" value="1765.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1730.0">17301800 m</quantity>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBDF4149467AD1FC65" box="[1130,1260,882,904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1957-05-17">17 May 1957</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDFDD49467F0EFC46" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">T.H. Hsiung et T.L. Chou 90841</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="271C8838FFC8FFDBDA6B49A27FABFC41" box="[320,406,918,940]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBDAB049A27F83FC46" box="[411,446,918,939]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">PE</collectionCode>
!; isotypes
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBD90A49A27C60FC41" box="[545,605,918,940]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F818369AFFC8FFDBDBA349EE7FD5FB8C" blockId="6.[136,1452,986,1733]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDBA349EE7FBCFC19" bold="true" box="[136,385,986,1012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Specimens examined</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBDA8849EE7D33FBF5" collectingDate="1957-05-17" collectingDateMax="1957-05-30" collectingDateMin="1957-05-17" collectionCode="PE, KUN" collectorName="T. H. Hsiung &amp; T. L. Chou" country="China" location="Jinfo" municipality="Jinfo" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chongqing">
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBDA8849EE7B06FC19" box="[419,1339,986,1013]" collectingDate="1957-05-30" collectionCode="PE" collectorName="T. H. Hsiung &amp; T. L. Chou" country="China" location="Jinfo" municipality="Jinfo" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chongqing">
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFC8FFDBDA8849EE7C3CFC19" box="[419,513,986,1012]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBD92649EE7CB3FC19" box="[525,654,986,1012]" country="China" name="Chongqing" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Chongqing</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="187CACE0FFC8FFDBD9B249EE7CE9FC19" box="[665,724,986,1012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBD9B249EE7CE9FC19" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBD9B249EE7CE9FC19" box="[665,724,986,1012]" country="China" municipality="Jinfo" name="Jinfo" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Chongqing">Jinfo</location>
</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBD9CA49EE7D46FC18" box="[737,891,986,1013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1957-05-30">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBD9CA49EE7D46FC18" box="[737,891,986,1013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1957-05-30">30 May 1957</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD8A349EF7ACEFC19" box="[904,1267,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBD8A349EF7A2CFC19" box="[904,1041,987,1012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">T.H. Hsiung</collectorName>
et
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDF1E49EF7A98FC19" box="[1077,1189,986,1012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">T.L. Chou</collectorName>
91094
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBDE2E49EE7B13FC19" box="[1285,1326,986,1012]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">PE</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBDE6349EE7D33FBF5" collectingDate="1957-05-17" collectionCode="PE, KUN" collectorName="T. H. Hsiung &amp; T. L. Chou" country="China" location="Jinfo" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chongqing">
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBDE6349EE7BBEFC19" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBDE6349EE7BBEFC19" box="[1352,1411,986,1012]" country="China" municipality="Jinfo" name="Jinfo" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Chongqing">Jinfo</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBDEA449EE7EC3FBF4" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1957-05-17">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBDEA449EE7EC3FBF4" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1957-05-17">17 May 1957</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDA2149CB7C4FFBF5" box="[266,626,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDA2149CB7FAFFBF5" box="[266,402,1023,1048]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">T.H. Hsiung</collectorName>
et
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDA9E49CB7C18FBF5" box="[437,549,1022,1048]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">T.L. Chou</collectorName>
90841
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBD9A849CA7C91FBF5" box="[643,684,1022,1048]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">PE</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBD99749CA7D3FFBF5" box="[700,770,1022,1048]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBD83149CA7EFAFBD1" collectingDate="1964-05-06" collectionCode="PE" collectorName="Z. S. Zhang" country="China" location="Jiangkou" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guizhou">
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBD83149CA7D42FBF5" box="[794,895,1022,1048]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBD8A149CA7DCFFBF5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBD8A149CA7DCFFBF5" box="[906,1010,1022,1048]" country="China" name="Jiangkou" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guizhou">Jiangkou</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBD8D549CA7AB4FBF5" box="[1022,1161,1022,1049]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1964-05-06">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBD8D549CA7AB4FBF5" box="[1022,1161,1022,1049]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1964-05-06">6 May 1964</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDFBE49CB7B96FBF5" box="[1173,1451,1022,1049]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDFBE49CB7B2DFBF5" box="[1173,1296,1022,1049]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Z.S. Zhang</collectorName>
et al. 400642
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBDBBA4E167E87FBD1" box="[145,186,1058,1084]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">PE</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBDBFE4E167D61FBD1" box="[213,860,1058,1085]" collectingDate="1939-10-12" collectionCode="MO" collectorName="H. G. Li" country="China" location="Lichuan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hubei">
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBDBFE4E167F23FBD1" box="[213,286,1058,1084]" country="China" name="Hubei" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Hubei</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBDA014E167FB4FBD1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBDA014E167FB4FBD1" box="[298,393,1058,1084]" country="China" name="Lichuan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Hubei">Lichuan</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBDABE4E167C65FBD1" box="[405,600,1058,1084]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1939-10-12">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBDABE4E167C65FBD1" box="[405,600,1058,1084]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1939-10-12">12 October 1939</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD94F4E177D3AFBD1" box="[612,775,1058,1085]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBD94F4E177C86FBD1" box="[612,699,1059,1085]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">H.G. Li</collectorName>
11080
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBD8324E167D72FBD1" box="[793,847,1058,1084]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBD8414E177FE5FB8C" collectingDate="1975-07-13" collectionCode="PE" collectorName="Bing" country="China" county="Sangchi County" location="Mao River" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCode="PE 00036825" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hunan">
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBD8414E177D84FBD0" box="[874,953,1059,1085]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Hunan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="11794E16FFC8FFDBD8EE4E167A46FBD1" box="[965,1147,1058,1084]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Sangchi County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBDFA34E177B39FBD1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBDFA34E177B39FBD1" box="[1160,1284,1058,1085]" country="China" county="Sangchi County" name="Mao River" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Hunan">Mao River</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBDE3B4E167B9AFBD0" box="[1296,1447,1058,1085]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1975-07-13">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBDE3B4E167B9AFBD0" box="[1296,1447,1058,1085]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1975-07-13">13 July 1975</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDBA34E737F25FB8D" box="[136,280,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDBA34E737E80FB8D" box="[136,189,1095,1120]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Bing</collectorName>
750259
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="A8019EE1FFC8FFDBDA0C4E727FF0FB8C" box="[295,461,1094,1121]" collectionCode="PE" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">PE 00036825</specimenCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
*.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD6511FFC8FFDBDB964E5E7D3FF929" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="description">
<paragraph id="F818369AFFC8FFDBDB964E5E7CC5FB21" blockId="6.[136,1452,986,1733]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBDB964E5E7D23FB69" authority="M. N. Tamura &amp; Ogisu" authorityName="M. N. Tamura &amp; Ogisu" authorityYear="1997" box="[189,798,1130,1157]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseolum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDB964E5E7C25FB68" bold="true" box="[189,536,1130,1157]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Heteropolygonatum roseolum</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBD9094E5F7D23FB69" box="[546,798,1130,1157]" collectingDate="1996-05-30" collectionCode="PE" collectorName="Tamura &amp; Ogisu" country="China" county="Tamura" elevation="1250" location="Jinxiu" municipality="Type" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="holotype">M.N.Tamura &amp; Ogisu</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCounty id="11794E16FFC8FFDBD86D4E5F7DA6FB68" box="[838,923,1131,1157]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Tamura</collectingCounty>
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD88E4E5F7DDDFB69" box="[933,992,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">et al.</emphasis>
(1997: 951).
<collectingMunicipality id="187CACE0FFC8FFDBDF544E5E7A87FB69" box="[1151,1210,1130,1156]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Type</collectingMunicipality>
:—
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFC8FFDBDFF14E5E7B0BFB69" box="[1242,1334,1130,1156]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBDE684E5E7B95FB69" box="[1347,1448,1130,1156]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBDBA34EBA7EF2FB45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBDBA34EBA7EF2FB45" box="[136,207,1166,1192]" country="China" county="Tamura" municipality="Type" name="Jinxiu" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guangxi">Jinxiu</location>
,
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBDBF14EBB7F70FB44" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBDBF14EBB7F70FB44" box="[218,333,1167,1193]" country="China" county="Tamura" municipality="Type" name="Mt Dayao" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guangxi">Mt Dayao</location>
, c.
<quantity id="3F5F9B7FFFC8FFDBDA594EBA7FF5FB44" box="[370,456,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" unit="m" value="1250.0">
<elevation id="738AD1A9FFC8FFDBDA594EBA7FF5FB44" box="[370,456,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, in dark mossy evergreen broad-leaved forests.
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBD8F04EBA7A99FB45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBD8F04EBA7A99FB45" box="[987,1188,1166,1192]" country="China" county="Tamura" municipality="Type" name="Cult. in Yamasaki" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guangxi">Cult. in Yamasaki</location>
,
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBDF844EBB7AC3FB44" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBDF844EBB7AC3FB44" box="[1199,1278,1167,1193]" country="China" county="Tamura" municipality="Type" name="Hyogo" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guangxi">Hyogo</location>
,
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBDE234EBB7B76FB44" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBDE234EBB7B76FB44" box="[1288,1355,1167,1193]" country="China" county="Tamura" municipality="Type" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guangxi">Japan</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBDE7E4EBA7EFEFB21" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1996-05-30">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBDE7E4EBA7EFEFB21" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1996-05-30">30 May 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDBE54E877FF7FB21" box="[206,458,1202,1229]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDBE54E877F19FB21" box="[206,292,1203,1228]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Tamura</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDA634E877FB6FB20" box="[328,395,1203,1229]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Ogisu</collectorName>
5028
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="271C8838FFC8FFDBDAF34E867C01FB21" box="[472,572,1202,1228]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
PE; isotype K!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F818369AFFC8FFDBDB964EE27BA8FA49" blockId="6.[136,1452,986,1733]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDB964EE27F85FB1D" bold="true" box="[189,440,1238,1264]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Specimens examined</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBDAF14EE27ADAFB1D" box="[474,1255,1238,1265]" collectingDate="1957-05-17" collectionCode="IBK" collectorName="D. Chen" country="China" location="Pangxidong" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFC8FFDBDAF14EE27C05FB1D" box="[474,568,1238,1264]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBD96D4EE27C96FB1D" box="[582,683,1238,1264]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBD99C4EE27D7DFB1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBD99C4EE27D7DFB1D" box="[695,832,1238,1264]" country="China" name="Pangxidong" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guangxi">Pangxidong</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBD8654EE27DD1FB1C" box="[846,1004,1238,1265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1957-05-17">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBD8654EE27DD1FB1C" box="[846,1004,1238,1265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1957-05-17">17 May 1957</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBD8D14EE37A67FB1D" box="[1018,1114,1238,1265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD8D14EE37A33FB1D" box="[1018,1038,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDF344EE27A67FB1D" box="[1055,1114,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Chen</emphasis>
</collectorName>
202 (
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBDF8B4EE27AE7FB1D" box="[1184,1242,1238,1264]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13150" name="Guangxi Institute of Botany" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">IBK</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBDFDE4EE27FCFFAF9" collectingDate="1936-05-13" collectionCode="PE, IBK" collectorName="Tsoong" country="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDFDE4EE27B7CFB1D" box="[1269,1345,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBDE794EE27EFEFAF9" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1936-05-13">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBDE794EE27EFEFAF9" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1936-05-13">13 May 1936</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDBE74ECF7F5AFAF9" box="[204,359,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDBE74ECF7F21FAF9" box="[204,284,1275,1300]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Tsoong</collectorName>
81601
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBDA5E4ECE7FA3FAF9" box="[373,414,1274,1300]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">PE</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBDA874ECE7FD8FAF9" box="[428,485,1274,1300]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13150" name="Guangxi Institute of Botany" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">IBK</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBDAD04ECE7D0EFAF9" box="[507,819,1274,1301]" collectionCode="PE" country="China" location="Tsoong" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDAD04ECE7C7AFAF9" box="[507,583,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD97F4ECF7CD2FAF9" box="[596,751,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBD97F4ECF7C99FAF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBD97F4ECF7C99FAF9" box="[596,676,1275,1300]" country="China" name="Tsoong" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guangxi">Tsoong</location>
82084
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBD9D64ECE7D1BFAF9" box="[765,806,1274,1300]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">PE</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBD8164ECE7B23FAF9" box="[829,1310,1274,1301]" collectingDate="1982-05-15" collectionCode="PE" collectorName="F. T. Fang" country="China" location="Gelao" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBD8164ECE7DBEFAF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBD8164ECE7DBEFAF9" box="[829,899,1274,1300]" country="China" name="Gelao" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guangxi">Gelao</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBD8A74ECE7A1CFAF9" box="[908,1057,1274,1301]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1982-05-15">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBD8A74ECE7A1CFAF9" box="[908,1057,1274,1301]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1982-05-15">15 May 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDF014ECF7AE4FAF9" box="[1066,1241,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDF014ECF7AB3FAF9" box="[1066,1166,1275,1300]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">F.T.Fang</collectorName>
65245
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBDFC34ECE7B2CFAF9" box="[1256,1297,1274,1300]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">PE</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBDE034ECE7C0FFAD5" collectingDate="1958-06-16" collectionCode="IBK" collectorName="Y. K. Liu" country="China" location="Dayaoshan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBDE034ECE7B9AFAF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBDE034ECE7B9AFAF9" box="[1320,1447,1274,1300]" country="China" name="Dayaoshan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guangxi">Dayaoshan</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBDBA34F2A7F22FAD4" box="[136,287,1310,1337]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1958-06-16">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBDBA34F2A7F22FAD4" box="[136,287,1310,1337]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1958-06-16">16 June 1958</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDA024F2B7FE0FAD5" box="[297,477,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDA024F2B7FBFFAD5" box="[297,386,1311,1336]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Y.K. Liu</collectorName>
400365
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBDAC74F2A7C1BFAD5" box="[492,550,1310,1336]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13150" name="Guangxi Institute of Botany" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">IBK</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBD9154F2A7A49FAD5" box="[574,1140,1310,1337]" collectingDate="1959-06-26" collectionCode="HITBC" collectorName="Qinghua" country="China" location="Miaoshan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBD9154F2A7C92FAD5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBD9154F2A7C92FAD5" box="[574,687,1310,1336]" country="China" name="Miaoshan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guangxi">Miaoshan</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBD9924F2A7D6DFAD4" box="[697,848,1310,1337]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1959-06-26">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBD9924F2A7D6DFAD4" box="[697,848,1310,1337]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1959-06-26">26 June 1959</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD8704F2A7DC6FAD5" box="[859,1019,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBD8704F2A7D80FAD5" box="[859,957,1310,1336]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Qinghua</collectorName>
2551
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBDF214F2A7A54FAD5" box="[1034,1129,1310,1336]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14357" name="Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Academia Sinica" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">HITBC</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBDF544F2A7F04FAB1" collectingDate="1935-10-10" collectionCode="PE" collectorName="S. P. Ko" country="China" location="Chanpin" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBDF544F2A7ADCFAD5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBDF544F2A7ADCFAD5" box="[1151,1249,1310,1336]" country="China" name="Chanpin" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guangxi">Chanpin</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBDFC04F2A7B4AFAD4" box="[1259,1399,1310,1337]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1935-10-10">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBDFC04F2A7B4AFAD4" box="[1259,1399,1310,1337]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1935-10-10">10 Oct 1935</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDEA94F2B7EC9FAB1" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDEA94F2B7E94FAB1" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">S.P. Ko</collectorName>
55893
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBDA284F767F11FAB1" box="[259,300,1346,1372]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">PE</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBDA6F4F777A70FAB1" box="[324,1101,1346,1373]" collectingDate="1996-05-30" collectorName="M. N. Tamura &amp; M. Ogisu" country="China" location="Mt. Dayao" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBDA6F4F777F80FAB0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBDA6F4F777F80FAB0" box="[324,445,1347,1373]" country="China" name="Mt. Dayao" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Guangxi">Mt. Dayao</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBDAEC4F767C60FAB1" box="[455,605,1346,1373]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1996-05-30">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBDAEC4F767C60FAB1" box="[455,605,1346,1373]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1996-05-30">30 May 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD94D4F777D83FAB1" box="[614,958,1346,1373]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBD94D4F777CC7FAB1" box="[614,762,1347,1372]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">M.N. Tamura</collectorName>
et
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBD8324F777DBDFAB0" box="[793,896,1347,1373]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">M. Ogisu</collectorName>
5028
</emphasis>
(isotype K!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBDF734F777CF2FA6D" collectingDate="1959-05-20" collectionCode="IBK" collectorName="Tan Peixiang" country="China" county="Dongkou Co." location="Daping" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCode="IBK00139227" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hunan">
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBDF734F777A9AFAB0" box="[1112,1191,1347,1373]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Hunan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="11794E16FFC8FFDBDF9B4F767B75FAB1" box="[1200,1352,1346,1372]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Dongkou Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBDE794F767B9AFAB1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBDE794F767B9AFAB1" box="[1362,1447,1346,1372]" country="China" county="Dongkou Co." name="Daping" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Hunan">Daping</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBDBA34F527F23FA6C" box="[136,286,1382,1409]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1959-05-20">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBDBA34F527F23FA6C" box="[136,286,1382,1409]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1959-05-20">20 May 1959</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDA034F537C3BFA6D" box="[296,518,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDA034F537F86FA6D" box="[296,443,1383,1408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Tan Peixiang</collectorName>
62939
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="A8019EE1FFC8FFDBD93F4F527CFEFA6D" box="[532,707,1382,1408]" collectionCode="IBK" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13150" name="Guangxi Institute of Botany" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">IBK00139227</specimenCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
*;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBD9CF4F527ED8FA49" collectingDate="1984-09-09" collectionCode="TAIF" collectorName="Ziyunshan Exp." country="China" county="Xinning Co." location="Mt. Ziyun" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hunan">
<collectingCounty id="11794E16FFC8FFDBD9CF4F527D4DFA6D" box="[740,880,1382,1408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Xinning Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBD8504F537DD3FA6D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFC8FFDBDBA349367D3FF929:FD786041FFC8FFDBD8504F537DD3FA6D" box="[891,1006,1382,1409]" country="China" county="Xinning Co." name="Mt. Ziyun" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Hunan">Mt. Ziyun</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBD8D34F527AF9FA6D" box="[1016,1220,1382,1408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1984-09-09">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBD8D34F527AF9FA6D" box="[1016,1220,1382,1408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1984-09-09">9 September 1984</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDFE54F527B96FA6D" box="[1230,1451,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFC8FFDBDFE54F527B41FA6D" box="[1230,1404,1382,1408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Ziyunshan Exp.</collectorName>
331
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBDBBA4FBE7EE7FA49" box="[145,218,1418,1444]" country="Taiwan" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15478" name="Taiwan Forestry Research Institute" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">TAIF</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
*;
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBDBD64FBE7DD5FA49" box="[253,1000,1418,1445]" collectionCode="PE" country="China" county="Longsheng County" location="Longsheng County" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hunan">
<collectingCounty id="11794E16FFC8FFDBDBD64FBE7FE9FA49" box="[253,468,1418,1444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Longsheng County</collectingCounty>
, on rocks in moss, 1955,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD9DB4FBF7D9FFA49" box="[752,930,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">sine coll. 00191</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFC8FFDBD8994FBE7DE6FA49" box="[946,987,1418,1444]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">PE</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD8DF4FBE7A7DFA49" box="[1012,1088,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">ibidem</emphasis>
, 1954,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDFBE4FBF7B1AFA49" box="[1173,1319,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">sine coll. s.n.</emphasis>
(IBM!)*.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F818369AFFC8FFDBDB964F9A7D3FF929" blockId="6.[136,1452,986,1733]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDB964F9A7FE2FA25" bold="true" box="[189,479,1454,1480]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Taxonomic relationships</emphasis>
:—The
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBD9184F9B7CDBFA25" box="[563,742,1454,1481]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Hunan Province</collectingRegion>
specimens are in fruit and are tentatively placed here on the basis of morphological similarities and their geographic proximity to
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBD86C4FE77DF2FA01" authorityName="M. N. Tamura &amp; Ogisu" authorityYear="1997" box="[839,975,1490,1516]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseolum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD86C4FE77DF2FA01" box="[839,975,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">H. roseolum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD8F74FE77A4AFA01" box="[988,1143,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Tsoong 81601</emphasis>
from Shune-yuen,
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBDE604FE67B96FA01" box="[1355,1451,1490,1516]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
was attributed to
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBDA664FC27C87F9FD" authorityName="Chao et al." authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Hayata" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[333,698,1526,1552]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altelobatum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDA664FC27C87F9FD" box="[333,698,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Heteropolygonatum altelobatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="9C364B6BFFC8FFDBD9CE4FC27DB8F9FD" author="Jeffrey, C." box="[741,901,1526,1552]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" pagination="435 - 471" refId="ref6340" refString="http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5735 / 085.051.0115 Handel-Mazzetti, H. (1936) Symbolicae Sinicae 7 (5). J. Springer, Wien, 1450 pp. Hayata, B. (1915) Icones Plantarum Formos Narum 5. Bureau of Productive Industry, Government of Formosa, Taihoku, 358 pp. Hua, H. (1892) Polygonatum et Aulisconema de la Chine. Journal of Botany (Morot) 6: 389 - 396, 420 - 428, 444 - 451, 469 - 472. Jeffrey, C. (1980) The genus Polygonatum (Liliaceae) in Eastern Asia. Kew Bulletin 34: 435 - 471." type="book chapter" year="1980">Jeffrey (1980)</bibRefCitation>
who considered it an insufficient specimen with an affinity to that species. Later collections of this plant became the type species of
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBDF104C2E7B27F9D9" box="[1083,1306,1562,1588]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDF104C2E7B27F9D9" box="[1083,1306,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Heteropolygonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see Tamura
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDBA34C0B7E85F9B5" box="[136,184,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">et al</emphasis>
. 1997). These additional collections reported here from
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBD8034C0B7DE2F9B5" box="[808,991,1598,1625]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Hunan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFC8FFDBD8C14C0A7A10F9B5" box="[1002,1069,1598,1624]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">China</collectingCountry>
expand the provincial distribution northward. Other specimens, despite their less than adequate locality records, confirm a broader distribution in northcentral
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBDBF74CB27F01F94D" box="[220,316,1670,1696]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="609C2A1FFFC8FFDBDA674CB27FACF94D" box="[332,401,1670,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,229,810,832]" captionTargetBox="[151,1425,190,786]" captionTargetId="figure-28@3.[151,1435,190,786]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Map of China and neighboring countries showing the distribution of Heteropolygonatum species in southwest China. Heteropolygonatum anomalum and H. pendulum = white circle with black center, H. alternicirrhosum = grey triangles, H. ginfushanicum = black triangles, H. marmoratum = black squares, H. ogisui and H. xui = white circle, H. parcefolium = white squares, H. roseolum = black star, and H. altelobatum = black +. All localities are plotted from label data or estimated coordinates from specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5147454" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5147454/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Based on these range expansions it is probable that its range occurs throughout the Nanling Shan at elevations where suitable habitats are supported.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
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<mods:title id="E5F276917921C71EBD61D4F13B2E53FA">New names in Heteropolygonatum (Asparagaceae)</mods:title>
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<heading id="A35081F6FFCAFFD9DBA34BA07DF9FE43" box="[136,964,404,431]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DBA34BA07C04FE42" ID-CoL="3LCJ6" authorityName="Handel-Mazzetti (1936:" authorityYear="1209" box="[136,569,404,431]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alternicirrhosum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DBA34BA07C04FE42" bold="true" box="[136,569,404,431]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Heteropolygonatum alternicirrhosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hand.-Mazz.) Floden,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D8634BA07DF9FE43" bold="true" box="[840,964,404,431]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
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</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD6511FFCAFFD9DBA34BD47F2FFDD3" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F818369AFFCAFFD9DBA34BD47F2FFDD3" blockId="4.[136,1452,480,646]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9DBA34BD47F2FFDD3" collectingDate="1914-05-10" collectionCode="GH" country="China" county="Basionym" elevation="1750" location="Kalkschutt" municipality="Type" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCounty id="11794E16FFCAFFD9DBA34BD47ED0FE1B" box="[136,237,480,502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Basionym</collectingCounty>
:
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DBD24BD47D66FE1B" authority="Handel-Mazzetti (1936: 1209)" authorityName="Handel-Mazzetti (1936:" authorityPageNumber="1209" authorityYear="1209" box="[249,859,480,502]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Polygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alternicirrhosum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DBD24BD47C19FE18" box="[249,548,480,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Polygonatum alternicirrhosum</emphasis>
Handel-Mazzetti (1936: 1209)
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="187CACE0FFCAFFD9D84C4BD47DA4FE18" box="[871,921,480,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Type</collectingMunicipality>
:—
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFCAFFD9D89E4BD47A39FE18" box="[949,1028,480,501]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFCAFFD9DF3B4BD47A5CFE1B" box="[1040,1121,480,502]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
: S.:
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9DFBB4BD47AC5FE1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34BA07F97FB4F:FD786041FFCAFFD9DFBB4BD47AC5FE1B" box="[1168,1272,480,502]" country="China" county="Basionym" municipality="Type" name="Kalkschutt" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">Kalkschutt</location>
in der str. t. ober
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9DB9648307FA8FDF7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34BA07F97FB4F:FD786041FFCAFFD9DB9648307FA8FDF7" box="[189,405,516,538]" country="China" county="Basionym" municipality="Type" name="Lumapu im Seitentale" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">
Lumapu im
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9DA1D48307FA8FDF7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34BA07F97FB4F:FD786041FFCAFFD9DA1D48307FA8FDF7" box="[310,405,516,538]" country="China" county="Basionym" municipality="Type" name="Seitentale" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">Seitentale</location>
</location>
des Yalung gegen
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9D96548307C98FDF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34BA07F97FB4F:FD786041FFCAFFD9D96548307C98FDF4" box="[590,677,516,537]" country="China" county="Basionym" municipality="Type" name="Yenyuen" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">Yenyüen</location>
, 27° 40,
<quantity id="3F5F9B7FFFCAFFD9D82D48307D6EFDF4" box="[774,851,516,538]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" unit="m" value="1750.0">
<elevation id="738AD1A9FFCAFFD9D82D48307D6EFDF4" box="[774,851,516,538]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" unit="m" value="1750.0">1750 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFCAFFD9D87548307DDEFDF4" box="[862,995,516,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1914-05-10">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFCAFFD9D87548307DDEFDF4" box="[862,995,516,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1914-05-10">10 May 1914</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D8C548307AF8FDF4" box="[1006,1221,516,537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Handel-Mazzetti 2108</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="271C8838FFCAFFD9DFF848307B14FDF7" box="[1235,1321,516,538]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
W!; isotypes E!,
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFCAFFD9DBCB481C7F35FDD3" box="[224,264,552,574]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15631" name="Harvard University - Gray Herbarium" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="Herbarium">GH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD6511FFCAFFD9DBA348787F43FD6B" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="F818369AFFCAFFD9DBA348787F43FD6B" blockId="4.[136,1452,480,646]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D8B711B4FFCAFFD9DBA348787F43FD6B" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
=
<treatmentCitation id="7906108BFFCAFFD9DBB548787C9FFD8F" author="Wang, F. &amp; Tang, T." box="[158,674,588,610]" page=")" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" year="1937">
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DBB548787C9FFD8F" ID-CoL="6W5VG" authority="Wang &amp; Tang (1937: 286)" authorityName="Wang &amp; Tang" authorityPageNumber="286" authorityYear="1937" box="[158,674,588,610]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Polygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="racemosum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DBB548787FA8FD8C" box="[158,405,588,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Polygonatum racemosum</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9DAB748787C9FFD8F" box="[412,674,588,610]" collectingDate="1904-06" collectionCode="PE" country="China" county="Type" location="Tung Valley" municipality="Type" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="9C364B6BFFCAFFD9DAB748787C9FFD8F" author="Wang, F. &amp; Tang, T." box="[412,674,588,610]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" pagination="281 - 304" refId="ref7092" refString="Wang, F., &amp; Tang, T. (1937) Notes on Chinese Liliaceae IV. Bulletin of the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology 7: 281 - 304." type="journal article" year="1937">Wang &amp; Tang (1937: 286)</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="187CACE0FFCAFFD9D98648787CE2FD8C" box="[685,735,588,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<collectingCounty id="11794E16FFCAFFD9D98648787CE2FD8C" box="[685,735,588,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Type</collectingCounty>
</collectingMunicipality>
:—
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFCAFFD9D9D748787D76FD8C" box="[764,843,588,609]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFCAFFD9D87E48787D9BFD8F" box="[853,934,588,610]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9D89A48787A15FD8F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34BA07F97FB4F:FD786041FFCAFFD9D89A48787A15FD8F" box="[945,1064,588,610]" country="China" county="Type" municipality="Type" name="Tung Valley" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<collectingMunicipality id="187CACE0FFCAFFD9D89A48787A15FD8F" box="[945,1064,588,610]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Tung Valley</collectingMunicipality>
</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFCAFFD9DF1F48787AA7FD8C" box="[1076,1178,588,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1904-06">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFCAFFD9DF1F48787AA7FD8C" box="[1076,1178,588,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1904-06">June 1904</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DF8D48787B22FD8C" box="[1190,1311,588,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9DF8D48787ADAFD8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34BA07F97FB4F:FD786041FFCAFFD9DF8D48787ADAFD8C" box="[1190,1255,588,609]" country="China" county="Type" municipality="Type" name="Wilson" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">Wilson</location>
4667
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="271C8838FFCAFFD9DE0548787BB9FD8F" box="[1326,1412,588,610]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
K!; isotypes BM!, PE!).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD6511FFCAFFD9DBA348807F97FB4F" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F818369AFFCAFFD9DBA348807FCCFD23" blockId="4.[136,1452,692,1186]" box="[136,497,692,718]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DBA348807F27FD23" bold="true" box="[136,282,692,718]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Distribution</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFCAFFD9DA1748807FBEFD23" box="[316,387,692,718]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFCAFFD9DAA448807FD0FD23" box="[399,493,692,718]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F818369AFFCAFFD9DB9648EC7F2DFBDB" blockId="4.[136,1452,692,1186]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DB9648EC7FD4FD1F" bold="true" box="[189,489,728,754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Taxonomic relationships</emphasis>
:—Handel-Mazzetti (1936) and Tang (1937) both considered this species as the intermediate between the alternate leaved clade of
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9D9ED48C87D66FCFB" box="[710,859,764,790]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Polygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D9ED48C87D66FCFB" box="[710,859,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Polygonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the verticillate species, some of which, like this species, have cirrhose leaf apices. This species is similar in appearance and probably closely related to the sympatric
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DBA349707A16FCB2" authority="(Liu &amp; Hu 1984: 426) Tamura &amp; Ogisu (1997: 951)" authorityName="Tamura &amp; Ogisu" authorityPageNumber="951" authorityYear="1997" baseAuthorityName="Liu &amp; Hu" baseAuthorityPageNumber="426" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[136,1067,836,863]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pendulum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DBA349707FE1FCB3" box="[136,476,836,862]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Heteropolygonatum pendulum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9C364B6BFFCAFFD9DAC049707CE9FCB2" author="Liu, Z-G &amp; Hu, X-H." box="[491,724,836,863]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" pagination="426 - 427" refId="ref6518" refString="http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 67381 Leveille, H. (1909) Decades plantarum novarum XXVI. Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis 7: 383 - 385. Leveille, H. (1912) Decades plantarum novarum XCIII-C. Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis 11: 295 - 307. Liang, S. Y. (1987) Two new species of Polygonatum Mill. (Liliaceae) from China. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 25: 64 - 66. Liu, Z-G, &amp; Hu, X-H. (1984) A new species of Polygonatum from Sichuan. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 22: 426 - 427. Miller, P. (1754) Gardeners Dictionary Abridged: Containing the Methods of Cultivating and Improving the Kitchen, Fruit and Flower" type="journal article" year="1984">Liu &amp; Hu 1984: 426</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="9C364B6BFFCAFFD9D9C949717A16FCB2" author="Tamura, M. N. &amp; Ogisu, M. &amp; Xu, J." box="[738,1067,836,863]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" pagination="949 - 956" refId="ref6794" refString="Tamura, M. N., Ogisu, M., &amp; Xu, J. (1997) Heteropolygonatum, a new genus of the tribe Polygonateae (Convallariaceae) from West China. Kew Bulletin 52: 949 - 956. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 4117821" type="journal article" year="1997">Tamura &amp; Ogisu (1997: 951)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but that species differs in its long falcate leaves, inflorescences held horizontally, and the plants strictly pendent (Tamura
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DFA9495D7A8AFC6F" box="[1154,1207,872,898]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">et al</emphasis>
. 1997).
<bibRefCitation id="9C364B6BFFCAFFD9DE30495C7B96FC6F" author="Chen, S. F." box="[1307,1451,872,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" pagination="39 - 48" refId="ref6261" refString="Science Press, Beijing &amp; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 225 - 235. Chen, S. F. (1989) Karyotype analyses of eight species of Polygonatum Mill. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 27: 39 - 48. Floden, A. (2014) A new combination in Polygonatum (Asparagaceae) and the reinstatement of P. mengtzense. Annales Botanici Fennici" type="journal article" year="1989">Chen (1989)</bibRefCitation>
reported a chromosome number and karyotype of this species from Luding,
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFCAFFD9D8DB49B87A77FC4B" box="[1008,1098,908,934]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
as 2n = 32.
<bibRefCitation id="9C364B6BFFCAFFD9DFF749B87B91FC4B" author="Zhao, L. H. &amp; S. D. Zhou &amp; X. J. He &amp; Z. X. Wang &amp; Peng, L." box="[1244,1452,908,934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" pagination="441 - 451" refId="ref7496" refString="Zhao, L. H., S. D. Zhou, X. J. He, Z. X. Wang, &amp; Peng, L. (2014) A cytotaxonomic analysis of Chinese Polygonatum (Asparagaceae) species. Nordic Journal of Botany 32 (4): 441 - 451. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / njb. 00255" type="journal article" year="2014">
Zhao
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DE3549B97B65FC4B" box="[1310,1368,908,934]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">et al.</emphasis>
(2014)
</bibRefCitation>
reported two additional counts from Kanding which match the previous in number and karyotype. Both studies reported karyotypes that are distinctly bimodal with 5 pairs of longer subterminal chromosomes and the remaining eleven distinctly shorter and metacentric. This species is known from only a few collections all from a limited area along the Dadu River.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F818369AFFCAFFD9DB964E747F97FB4F" blockId="4.[136,1452,692,1186]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DB964E747FC2FBB7" bold="true" box="[189,511,1088,1114]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Other specimens examined</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9D90A4E747B2DFBB7" box="[545,1296,1088,1115]" collectingDate="1974-05-02" country="China" county="Luding County" location="Dadu" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFCAFFD9D90A4E747C42FBB7" box="[545,639,1088,1114]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFCAFFD9D9A14E747CD4FBB7" box="[650,745,1088,1114]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="11794E16FFCAFFD9D9D84E747DA2FBB7" box="[755,927,1088,1114]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Luding County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9D8824E747DDBFBB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34BA07F97FB4F:FD786041FFCAFFD9D8824E747DDBFBB7" box="[937,998,1088,1114]" country="China" county="Luding County" name="Dadu" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">Dadu</location>
cable bridge,
<date id="8C19105AFFCAFFD9DFAE4E747B2DFBB7" box="[1157,1296,1088,1115]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1974-05-02">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFCAFFD9DFAE4E747B2DFBB7" box="[1157,1296,1088,1115]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1974-05-02">2 May 1974</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9DE304E747F9BFB4F" collectingDate="1971-06-02" collectingDateMax="1974-04" collectingDateMin="1971-06-02" collectionCode="CDBI" collectorName="Liu &amp; Y. Wu &amp; Q. Zhao" country="China" county="Daocheng County" location="Kahn" municipality="Veg. Team" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9DE304E747D1DFB93" collectingDate="1971-06-02" collectionCode="CDBI" country="China" county="Daocheng County" location="Kahn" municipality="Veg. Team" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DE304E747F3FFB93" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFCAFFD9DE304E747B48FBB7" box="[1307,1397,1088,1114]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="187CACE0FFCAFFD9DE574E757EF9FB93" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Veg. Team</collectingMunicipality>
6802
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFCAFFD9DA394E507F62FB93" box="[274,351,1124,1150]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12796" name="Chengdu Institute of Biology" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="Herbarium">CDBI</collectionCode>
!);
<collectingCounty id="11794E16FFCAFFD9DA5C4E507C7EFB93" box="[375,579,1124,1150]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Daocheng County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9D9664E507CB1FB93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34BA07F97FB4F:FD786041FFCAFFD9D9664E507CB1FB93" box="[589,652,1124,1150]" country="China" county="Daocheng County" municipality="Veg. Team" name="Kahn" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<collectingMunicipality id="187CACE0FFCAFFD9D9664E507CB1FB93" box="[589,652,1124,1150]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Kahn</collectingMunicipality>
</location>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFCAFFD9D9B34E507D1DFB93" box="[664,800,1124,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1971-06-02">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFCAFFD9D9B34E507D1DFB93" box="[664,800,1124,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1971-06-02">2 June 1971</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9D8074E517B78FB93" box="[812,1349,1124,1150]" collectingDate="1974-04" collectionCode="CDBI" collectorName="Liu" country="China" county="Kanding County" location="Liu" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D8074E517DADFB93" box="[812,912,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9D8074E517D6CFB93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34BA07F97FB4F:FD786041FFCAFFD9D8074E517D6CFB93" box="[812,849,1125,1150]" country="China" county="Kanding County" municipality="Veg. Team" name="Liu" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFCAFFD9D8074E517D6CFB93" box="[812,849,1125,1150]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Liu</collectorName>
</location>
0091
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFCAFFD9D88B4E507DD0FB93" box="[928,1005,1124,1150]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12796" name="Chengdu Institute of Biology" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="Herbarium">CDBI</collectionCode>
!);
<collectingCounty id="11794E16FFCAFFD9DF2E4E507AFDFB93" box="[1029,1216,1124,1150]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9DF2E4E507AFDFB93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34BA07F97FB4F:FD786041FFCAFFD9DF2E4E507AFDFB93" box="[1029,1216,1124,1150]" country="China" county="Kanding County" municipality="Veg. Team" name="Kanding County" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">Kanding County</location>
</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFCAFFD9DFE24E507B78FB93" box="[1225,1349,1124,1150]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1974-04">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFCAFFD9DFE24E507B78FB93" box="[1225,1349,1124,1150]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1974-04">April 1974</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DE7B4E517F00FB4F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFCAFFD9DE7B4E517BB2FB93" box="[1360,1423,1125,1150]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Y. Wu</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="5552534CFFCAFFD9DBA34EBC7ED9FB4F" box="[136,228,1160,1186]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Q. Zhao</collectorName>
110850
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFCAFFD9DA674EBC7FA4FB4F" box="[332,409,1160,1186]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12796" name="Chengdu Institute of Biology" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="Herbarium">CDBI</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
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<mods:title id="7919C04BB8CF218F33DF938B17E5C705">New names in Heteropolygonatum (Asparagaceae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="B0BD6511FFCAFFD9DBA34EE47D24FB07" box="[136,793,1232,1259]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F818369AFFCAFFD9DBA34EE47D24FB07" blockId="4.[136,793,1232,1259]" box="[136,793,1232,1259]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<heading id="A35081F6FFCAFFD9DBA34EE47D24FB07" box="[136,793,1232,1259]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DBA34EE47CAFFB07" ID-CoL="3LCJ7" authority="(Hua) Floden" authorityName="Floden" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Floden" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[136,658,1232,1259]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anomalum" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DBA34EE47FCCFB06" bold="true" box="[136,497,1232,1259]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Heteropolygonatum anomalum</emphasis>
(Hua) Floden
</taxonomicName>
,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1E057F3FFCAFFD9D9B64EE47D24FB07" box="[669,793,1232,1259]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD6511FFCAFFD9DBA34F287D15FABB" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F818369AFFCAFFD9DBA34F287D15FABB" blockId="4.[136,1451,1308,1366]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9DBA34F287D19FABB" country="China" county="Basionym" elevation="3658" location="Western" municipality="Type" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCounty id="11794E16FFCAFFD9DBA34F287ED0FADF" box="[136,237,1308,1330]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Basionym</collectingCounty>
:
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DBDC4F287CB1FADF" authority="Hua (1892: 420)" authorityName="Hua" authorityPageNumber="420" authorityYear="1892" box="[247,652,1308,1330]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Polygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anomalum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DBDC4F287FDFFADC" box="[247,482,1308,1329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Polygonatum anomalum</emphasis>
Hua (1892: 420)
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="187CACE0FFCAFFD9D9BE4F287CFAFADC" box="[661,711,1308,1329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Type</collectingMunicipality>
:—
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFCAFFD9D9CF4F287D0EFADC" box="[740,819,1308,1329]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9D8174F287DB7FADC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34EE47F06F833:FD786041FFCAFFD9D8174F287DB7FADC" box="[828,906,1308,1329]" country="China" county="Basionym" municipality="Type" name="Western" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">Western</location>
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFCAFFD9D8BB4F287DE0FADF" box="[912,989,1308,1330]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
and
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9DF264F287A90FADF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34EE47F06F833:FD786041FFCAFFD9DF264F287A90FADF" box="[1037,1197,1308,1330]" country="China" county="Basionym" municipality="Type" name="Tibetan Frontier" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">Tibetan Frontier</location>
: chiefly near
<location id="FD786041FFCAFFD9DE044F287BADFADF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCAFFD9DBA34EE47F06F833:FD786041FFCAFFD9DE044F287BADFADF" box="[1327,1424,1308,1330]" country="China" county="Basionym" municipality="Type" name="Tachienlu" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" stateProvince="Sichuan">Tachienlu</location>
, at
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, s.d.,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DAB24F747FD5FAB8" box="[409,488,1344,1365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Pratt 41</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="271C8838FFCAFFD9DADF4F747C77FABB" box="[500,586,1344,1366]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
P!; isotypes BM!, K!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD6511FFCAFFD9DBA34FB07F06F833" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F818369AFFCAFFD9DBA34FB07A35FA72" blockId="4.[136,1452,1412,2014]" box="[136,1032,1412,1439]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DBA34FB07F27FA73" bold="true" box="[136,282,1412,1438]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Distribution</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFCAFFD9DA174FB07FBEFA73" box="[316,387,1412,1438]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFCAFFD9DAA44FB07FD1FA73" box="[399,492,1412,1438]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
, only known from Gongga Shan,
<quantity id="3F5F9B7FFFCAFFD9D84D4FB07A39FA72" box="[870,1028,1412,1439]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" unit="m" value="3200.0" valueMax="4000.0" valueMin="2400.0">24004000 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F818369AFFCAFFD9DB964F9C7EDFF8A3" blockId="4.[136,1452,1412,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DB964F9C7FDFFA2F" bold="true" box="[189,482,1448,1474]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Taxonomic relationships</emphasis>
:—Hua (1892) doubted his initial placement of this species in
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DFB44F9C7B09FA2F" box="[1183,1332,1448,1474]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Polygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DFB44F9C7B09FA2F" box="[1183,1332,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Polygonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the imbricate perigone and the combination of the ovary to style ratio and the short filaments which are not known in the alternate leaved species (see also Hayata, 1911 who doubted his own generic placement of the recently transferred
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DBA34C217F0FF9C3" authorityName="Chao et al." authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Hayata" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[136,306,1556,1583]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altelobatum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DBA34C217EA1F9C3" box="[136,156,1557,1582]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DB874C207F0FF9C3" box="[172,306,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">altelobatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DA674C207C97F9C3" authorityName="Floden" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Floden" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[332,682,1556,1582]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anomalum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DA674C207C97F9C3" box="[332,682,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Heteropolygonatum anomalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is sympatric with
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9D8A94C217A29F9C3" authorityName="Tamura &amp; Ogisu" authorityYear="1997" baseAuthorityName="Liu &amp; Hu" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[898,1044,1556,1582]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pendulum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D8A94C217A29F9C3" box="[898,1044,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">H. pendulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DF794C217AD1F9C3" authorityName="Floden" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Floden" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[1106,1260,1556,1582]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anomalum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DF794C217AD1F9C3" box="[1106,1260,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">H. anomalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is much rarer at the lower elevation where
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DA944C0D7C6EF9BF" authorityName="Tamura &amp; Ogisu" authorityYear="1997" baseAuthorityName="Liu &amp; Hu" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[447,595,1592,1618]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pendulum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DA944C0D7C6EF9BF" box="[447,595,1592,1618]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">H. pendulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows (
<bibRefCitation id="9C364B6BFFCAFFD9D99F4C0C7D4DF9BF" author="Liu, Z-G &amp; Hu, X-H." box="[692,880,1592,1619]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" pagination="426 - 427" refId="ref6518" refString="http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 67381 Leveille, H. (1909) Decades plantarum novarum XXVI. Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis 7: 383 - 385. Leveille, H. (1912) Decades plantarum novarum XCIII-C. Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis 11: 295 - 307. Liang, S. Y. (1987) Two new species of Polygonatum Mill. (Liliaceae) from China. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 25: 64 - 66. Liu, Z-G, &amp; Hu, X-H. (1984) A new species of Polygonatum from Sichuan. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 22: 426 - 427. Miller, P. (1754) Gardeners Dictionary Abridged: Containing the Methods of Cultivating and Improving the Kitchen, Fruit and Flower" type="journal article" year="1984">Liu &amp; Hu 1984</bibRefCitation>
, B. Olsen pers. comm.,
<bibRefCitation id="9C364B6BFFCAFFD9DFA74C0D7B6EF9BF" author="Yang, B. &amp; Miao, N. &amp; Ma, X. G. &amp; He, B. &amp; Yue, B. S." box="[1164,1363,1592,1619]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" pagination="1164 - 1168" refId="ref7439" refString="Yang, B., Miao, N., Ma, X. G., He, B., &amp; Yue, B. S. (2012) Bioecological characteristics of a epiphyte population of Heteropolygonatum pendulum. Journal of Sichuan University (Natural Science Edition) 49: 1164 - 1168." type="journal article" year="2012">
Yang
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DFFB4C0D7B38F9BF" box="[1232,1285,1592,1618]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
). These two species are clearly distinguishable based on morphology.
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9D8674C687A97F99B" authorityName="Floden" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Floden" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[844,1194,1628,1654]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anomalum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D8674C687A97F99B" box="[844,1194,1628,1654]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Heteropolygonatum anomalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also geographically proximal and morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9D9764CB57CF9F977" authorityName="Tamura &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2001" box="[605,708,1665,1691]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ogisui">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D9764CB57C4CF977" box="[605,625,1665,1690]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D9AB4CB57CF9F977" box="[640,708,1665,1690]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">ogisui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which grows on Wawu
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFCAFFD9D8F04CB47A2EF977" box="[987,1043,1664,1690]" country="Myanmar" name="Shan" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Shan</collectingRegion>
<quantity id="3F5F9B7FFFCAFFD9DF304CB47A4FF977" box="[1051,1138,1664,1690]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
to the southeast where it is syntopic with the highly dissimilar one or two-leaved and one-flowered
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9D8854C917DCFF953" box="[942,1010,1701,1726]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="xui">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D8854C917DCFF953" box="[942,1010,1701,1726]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">H. xui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DF2B4C907B61F953" authorityName="Floden" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Floden" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[1024,1372,1700,1726]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anomalum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DF2B4C907B61F953" box="[1024,1372,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Heteropolygonatum anomalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DBEC4CFD7F13F90F" authorityName="Tamura &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2001" box="[199,302,1737,1762]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ogisui">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DBEC4CFD7F13F90F" box="[199,302,1737,1762]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">H. ogisui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following characters: a scabrellous stem (vs. smooth); non-glaucous abaxial leaf surfaces (vs. distinctly white-glaucous); perigone length
<quantity id="3F5F9B7FFFCAFFD9D9474CD87CE8F8EA" box="[620,725,1772,1799]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">912 mm</quantity>
(vs. 1415); a cylindric perigone (vs. campanulate); and different intrafloral measurements (
<tableCitation id="B5250321FFCAFFD9DA864D247C3DF8C7" box="[429,512,1808,1834]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,224,1077,1101]" captionText="TABLE 1. A table of the pertinent diagnostic morphological characters of the 10 species of Heteropolygonatum. The “perigone” column indicates the length of the perigone, the shape, and then the color. The “filament” column first provides the position at which the staminal filament is free from the perigone wall, i.e. the non-connate portion, followed by the length of the free portion, and then its surface texture. All measurements are in millimeters. “-“ indicates missing data." pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Table 1</tableCitation>
). It also differs in having a slightly scabrellous stem whereas
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCAFFD9DF994D257B25F8C7" authorityName="Tamura &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2001" box="[1202,1304,1809,1835]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ogisui">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DF994D257AFBF8C7" box="[1202,1222,1809,1834]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DFFF4D257B25F8C7" box="[1236,1304,1809,1834]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">ogisui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reportedly smooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F818369AFFCAFFD9DB964D6C7F06F833" blockId="4.[136,1452,1412,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DB964D6C7C31F89F" bold="true" box="[189,524,1880,1906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Other specimens examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9D9024D6C7B34F89F" box="[553,1289,1880,1907]" collectingDate="1982-06-29" collectionCode="KUN, PE" collectorName="Lang" country="China" location="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFCAFFD9D9024D6C7CB9F89F" box="[553,644,1880,1906]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFCAFFD9D9BA4D6C7CCDF89F" box="[657,752,1880,1906]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
:
<date id="8C19105AFFCAFFD9D9D04D6C7DA5F89F" box="[763,920,1880,1907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1982-06-29">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFCAFFD9D9D04D6C7DA5F89F" box="[763,920,1880,1907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1982-06-29">29 June 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D88F4D6D7A2CF89F" box="[932,1041,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFCAFFD9D88F4D6D7DE3F89F" box="[932,990,1881,1906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Lang</collectorName>
307
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFCAFFD9DF094D6C7A55F89F" box="[1058,1128,1880,1906]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFCAFFD9DF524D6C7A9FF89F" box="[1145,1186,1880,1906]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" type="Herbarium">PE</collectionCode>
!);
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DF964D6C7B34F89F" box="[1213,1289,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">ibidem</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9DE324D6C7F98F87B" collectingDate="1983-06-02" collectionCode="CBDI" collectorName="Veg. Grp." country="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<date id="8C19105AFFCAFFD9DE324D6C7B9AF89F" box="[1305,1447,1880,1907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1983-06-02">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFCAFFD9DE324D6C7B9AF89F" box="[1305,1447,1880,1907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1983-06-02">2 June 1983</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DBA34D497F00F87B" box="[136,317,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFCAFFD9DBA34D497ECFF87B" box="[136,242,1916,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Veg. Grp.</collectorName>
30873
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFCAFFD9DA604D487FA5F87B" box="[331,408,1916,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">CBDI</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DA844D487FC6F87B" box="[431,507,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9D9234D487DEFF87B" box="[520,978,1916,1943]" collectingDate="1980-06-08" collectionCode="CBDI" collectorName="Wang &amp; Liu" country="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<date id="8C19105AFFCAFFD9D9234D487CB2F87B" box="[520,655,1916,1943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1980-06-08">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFCAFFD9D9234D487CB2F87B" box="[520,655,1916,1943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1980-06-08">8 June 1980</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D9B24D497D57F87B" box="[665,874,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFCAFFD9D9B24D497CE5F87B" box="[665,728,1917,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Wang</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="5552534CFFCAFFD9D9D24D497D23F87B" box="[761,798,1917,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Liu</collectorName>
22168
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFCAFFD9D8534D487DF8F87B" box="[888,965,1916,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">CBDI</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D8F74D487A15F87B" box="[988,1064,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9DF1E4D487ED7F857" collectingDate="1980-06-01" collectionCode="CBDI" collectorName="Wang &amp; Liu" country="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<date id="8C19105AFFCAFFD9DF1E4D487A80F87B" box="[1077,1213,1916,1943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1980-06-01">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFCAFFD9DF1E4D487A80F87B" box="[1077,1213,1916,1943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1980-06-01">1 June 1980</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DFED4D497B96F87B" box="[1222,1451,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFCAFFD9DFED4D497B38F87B" box="[1222,1285,1917,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Wang</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="5552534CFFCAFFD9DE114D497B62F87B" box="[1338,1375,1917,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Liu</collectorName>
22434
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFCAFFD9DBBA4D947EE3F857" box="[145,222,1952,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">CBDI</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DBDE4D947F7CF857" box="[245,321,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFCAFFD9DA654D957FFEF857" box="[334,451,1952,1979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1904-05">May 1904</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DAE64D947C65F857" box="[461,600,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Wilson 4663</emphasis>
(P!, K!);
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D9E94D947D33F857" box="[706,782,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9D8374D947ABEF857" box="[796,1155,1952,1979]" collectingDate="1981-06-09" collectionCode="CBDI" collectorName="Xu" country="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<date id="8C19105AFFCAFFD9D8374D947D9EF857" box="[796,931,1952,1979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1981-06-09">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFCAFFD9D8374D947D9EF857" box="[796,931,1952,1979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1981-06-09">9 June 1981</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9D8844D957A27F857" box="[943,1050,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFCAFFD9D8844D957DF3F857" box="[943,974,1953,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Xu</collectorName>
25517
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFCAFFD9DF024D947A4BF857" box="[1065,1142,1952,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">CBDI</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DFA64D947AE4F857" box="[1165,1241,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCAFFD9DFCC4D947F05F833" collectingDate="1981-10" collectionCode="CBDI" collectorName="Xu" country="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<date id="8C19105AFFCAFFD9DFCC4D947BBCF857" box="[1255,1409,1952,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1981-10">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFCAFFD9DFCC4D947BBCF857" box="[1255,1409,1952,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222" value="1981-10">October 1981</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCAFFD9DEA74D957EF3F833" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">
<collectorName id="5552534CFFCAFFD9DEA74D957B96F857" box="[1420,1451,1953,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">Xu</collectorName>
26317
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFCAFFD9DBF54DF07F16F833" box="[222,299,1988,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="222">CBDI</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
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<mods:start id="067803557368A526D67DEF7F8F360A2B">218</mods:start>
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</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="EE7CEB05A2246BD25F587E8F98C978B8">
<mods:url id="0A1EEA720368366741EA4B044D72E28A">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.188.4.4</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="ADCF2C89F69111501B3E9161A5FF39AC">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="32B5133DB0F830F3667E9ACBE02EF8F2" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.188.4.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5721907EBC2F6433C6136CD52ED0DBC1" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5B98D54720B1B10F8CE9C6DA837551B6" type="Zenodo-Dep">5147448</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="700E878CFFCBFFDBDBA34D927F55FD38" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5149750" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5149750" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCBFFDBDBA34D927F55FD38" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/700E878CFFCBFFDBDBA34D927F55FD38" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="224" pageId="5" pageNumber="223">
<subSubSection id="B0BD6511FFCBFFD8DBA34D927D8CF82C" box="[136,945,1958,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F818369AFFCBFFD8DBA34D927D8CF82C" blockId="5.[136,945,1958,1985]" box="[136,945,1958,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="223">
<heading id="A35081F6FFCBFFD8DBA34D927D8CF82C" box="[136,945,1958,1985]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCBFFD8DBA34D927D16F82D" authority="(F. T. Wang &amp; Tang) Floden" authorityName="Floden" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="F. T. Wang &amp; Tang" box="[136,811,1958,1985]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolyonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parcefolium" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCBFFD8DBA34D927FCEF82C" bold="true" box="[136,499,1958,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="223">Heteropolyonatum parcefolium</emphasis>
(F.T.Wang &amp; Tang) Floden
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCBFFD8D81D4D927D8CF82C" bold="true" box="[822,945,1958,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="223">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1E057F3FFCBFFD8D81D4D927D8CF82C" box="[822,945,1958,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD6511FFCBFFD8DBA34DC67AC2F7C1" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F818369AFFCBFFD8DBA34DC67AC2F7C1" blockId="5.[136,1451,2033,2092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="223">
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFCBFFD8DBA34DC67AC6F7C1" collectingDate="1893-06-15" collectionCode="PE" collectorName="de Tchen-keoutin" country="China" elevation="1800" location="Sichuan" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" specimenCode="PE00223239" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="holotype">
Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFCBFFD8DBDC4DC67CC4F7E5" authority="Wang &amp; Tang (1949: 216)" authorityName="Wang &amp; Tang" authorityPageNumber="216" authorityYear="1949" box="[247,761,2034,2056]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Polygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parcefolium">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCBFFD8DBDC4DC67FCDF7EA" box="[247,496,2034,2055]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="223">Polygonatum parcefolium</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9C364B6BFFCBFFD8DADC4DC67CC4F7E5" author="Wang, F. &amp; Tang, T." box="[503,761,2034,2056]" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" pagination="215 - 216" refId="ref7125" refString="Wang, F., &amp; Tang, T. (1949) Notes on Chinese Liliaceae IX. Contributions from the Institute of Botany National Academy Peiping 6: 215 - 216." type="journal article" year="1949">Wang &amp; Tang (1949: 216)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type:—
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFCBFFD8D87A4DC67D9DF7EA" box="[849,928,2034,2055]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="223">CHINA</collectingCountry>
. Su-tchuen[
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFCBFFD8DF3E4DC57A5BF7EA" box="[1045,1126,2033,2055]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="5" pageNumber="223">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
]: oriental: district
<collectorName id="5552534CFFCBFFD8DE3E4DC67EEBF7C1" pageId="5" pageNumber="223">de Tchen-kéoutin</collectorName>
[Chengkou],
<quantity id="3F5F9B7FFFCBFFD8DA7042227F9BF7C6" box="[347,422,2070,2091]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" unit="m" value="1800.0">
<elevation id="738AD1A9FFCBFFD8DA7042227F9BF7C6" box="[347,422,2070,2091]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFCBFFD8DA9B42227C13F7C6" box="[432,558,2070,2092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" value="1893-06-15">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFCBFFD8DA9B42227C13F7C6" box="[432,558,2070,2092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" value="1893-06-15">15 Juin 1893</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFCBFFD8D91342227C92F7C6" box="[568,687,2070,2091]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="223">Farges 1184</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="271C8838FFCBFFD8D99742227D2FF7C1" box="[700,786,2070,2092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
image
<specimenCode id="A8019EE1FFCBFFD8D87342227DE1F7C6" box="[856,988,2070,2091]" collectionCode="PE" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" type="Herbarium">PE00223239</specimenCode>
!; isotypes K!, KUN!, P!,
<collectionCode id="9EB6AE5FFFCBFFD8DFE742227AD2F7C1" box="[1228,1263,2070,2092]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="5" pageNumber="223" type="Herbarium">PE</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0BD6511FFC8FFDBDBA34AAA7F55FD38" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F818369AFFC8FFDBDBA34AAA7D19FF54" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,725]" box="[136,804,158,185]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDBA34AAA7F27FF55" bold="true" box="[136,282,158,184]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Distribution</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFC8FFDBDA174AAA7FBEFF55" box="[316,387,158,184]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBDAA44AAA7C33FF55" box="[399,526,158,184]" country="China" name="Chongqing" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Chongqing</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBD9324AAA7C4BFF55" box="[537,630,158,184]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="3F5F9B7FFFC8FFDBD9A94AAA7D1DFF54" box="[642,800,158,185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" unit="m" value="1550.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1300.0">13001800 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F818369AFFC8FFDBDB964AF67C87FD85" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDB964AF67FDCFF31" bold="true" box="[189,481,194,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Taxonomic relationships</emphasis>
:—
<bibRefCitation id="9C364B6BFFC8FFDBD92A4AF77CCDFF31" author="Wang, F. &amp; Tang, T." box="[513,752,194,221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" pagination="215 - 216" refId="ref7125" refString="Wang, F., &amp; Tang, T. (1949) Notes on Chinese Liliaceae IX. Contributions from the Institute of Botany National Academy Peiping 6: 215 - 216." type="journal article" year="1949">Wang &amp; Tang (1949)</bibRefCitation>
based this species on Farges collections from eastern
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBDE614AF67B95FF31" box="[1354,1448,194,220]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
. Farges seems to have made two collections of this species; one large gathering in flower in June of 1893 and a smaller gathering (only
<specimenCount id="EEA1FD13FFC8FFDBDA6B4B3F7FE1FEC9" box="[320,476,266,293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
seen) at P in fruit. Since
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBD8224B3E7DD5FEC9" box="[777,1000,266,292]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD8224B3E7DD5FEC9" box="[777,1000,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Heteropolygonatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fruit in the fall and are deciduous it is highly unlikely that both collections were gathered on the same date. Another collection has Farges handwritten label on it with collection number 1184 and other details of the plant (P00687126!). The specimen that is in fruit, and some of those that are in flower, are annotated by Wang and Tang with the collection number written in the same hand, not the handwriting of Farges. This fruiting specimen is considered to be a
<typeStatus id="271C8838FFC8FFDBD8C74BAF7A72FE58" box="[1004,1103,411,437]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, since it was viewed by Wang and Tang, but is not part of the type gathering. Like
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD9DB4B8A7A5BFE35" box="[752,1126,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBD9DB4B8A7A5FFE35" authorityName="Wang &amp; Tang" authorityYear="1949" box="[752,1122,446,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parcefolium">Heteropolygonatum parcefolium</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
occasional specimens of
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBDEBB4B8B7EC3FE11" authorityName="Floden" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Floden" baseAuthorityYear="1892" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anomalum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDEBB4B8B7EC3FE11" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">H. anomalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBDA1D4BD77FA0FE11" authorityName="Tamura &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2001" box="[310,413,483,508]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ogisui">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDA1D4BD77FA0FE11" box="[310,413,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">H. ogisui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the lowermost leaf pair borne oppositely on the stem, but unlike the latter two species this species differs in its puberulent stem and in its long pedunculate inflorescences with 2 or more flowers. Despite the limited knowledge of
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBDA81481F7C6EFDA9" authorityName="Wang &amp; Tang" authorityYear="1949" box="[426,595,554,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parcefolium">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDA81481F7C6EFDA9" box="[426,595,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">H. parcefolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
its morphological dissimilarities and disjunction from
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBDF94481F7B65FDA9" authorityName="Floden" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Floden" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[1215,1368,554,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anomalum">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDF94481F7B65FDA9" box="[1215,1368,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">H. anomalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3FA74D19FFC8FFDBDEBB481F7EF1FD85" authorityName="Tamura &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2001" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Heteropolygonatum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ogisui">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDEBB481F7EF1FD85" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">H. ogisui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
support its recognition as a distinct species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F818369AFFC8FFDBDB9648467F55FD38" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDB9648467C3EFD61" bold="true" box="[189,515,626,652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Other specimens examined</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="48CF3CC7FFC8FFDBD90E48467F59FD38" collectingDate="1893-06-15" collectionCode="PE" country="China" county="Nanjiang" elevation="1800" location="Su-tchuen" municipality="Hengdian" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" specimenCode="PE00036899" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<collectingCountry id="80B0760AFFC8FFDBD90E48467CBEFD61" box="[549,643,626,652]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3A63F878FFC8FFDBD9BB48467CD2FD61" box="[656,751,626,652]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="11794E16FFC8FFDBD9D048467D58FD61" box="[763,869,626,652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Nanjiang</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="187CACE0FFC8FFDBD85948467DDFFD61" box="[882,994,626,652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Hengdian</collectingMunicipality>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBD8C448477A52FD61" box="[1007,1135,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">anon. 2833</emphasis>
(CBDI01659010!);
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDE7348467B99FD61" box="[1368,1444,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDBA348A37EC8FD5D" box="[136,245,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">anon. s.n.</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="A8019EE1FFC8FFDBDA2F48A27F9CFD5C" box="[260,417,662,689]" collectionCode="PE" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15858" name="Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" type="Herbarium">PE00036899</specimenCode>
!);
<location id="FD786041FFC8FFDBDA9348A27C11FD5D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700E878CFFCBFFDBDBA34D927F55FD38:FD786041FFC8FFDBDA9348A27C11FD5D" box="[440,556,662,688]" country="China" county="Nanjiang" municipality="Hengdian" name="Su-tchuen" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Sichuan">Su-tchuen</location>
, oriental: district de Tchen-kéou-tin [Chengkou],
<quantity id="3F5F9B7FFFC8FFDBDF7C48A27A93FD5C" box="[1111,1198,662,689]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" unit="m" value="1800.0">
<elevation id="738AD1A9FFC8FFDBDF7C48A27A93FD5C" box="[1111,1198,662,689]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="8C19105AFFC8FFDBDF9148A27B6FFD5D" box="[1210,1362,662,689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1893-06-15">
<collectingDate id="9C5DE9B2FFC8FFDBDF9148A27B6FFD5D" box="[1210,1362,662,689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="224" value="1893-06-15">15 June 1893</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="CAD3EA88FFC8FFDBDE7648A37E83FD39" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="224">Farges 1184</emphasis>
(P00038366!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.186.2495" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c02848ce-411c-4402-abbd-978c795b8eec" ID-PMC="PMC3349190" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-186-7" ID-PubMed="22577316" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-186-7" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 186" ModsDocTitle="New Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) records with new collection data from New Brunswick, Canada: Omaliinae, Micropeplinae, Phloeocharinae, Olisthaerinae, and Habrocerinae" checkinTime="1451249115437" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Webster, Reginald P., Sweeney, Jon D. &amp; DeMerchant, Ian" docDate="2012" docId="700F46C94E3E536650A223230E18D7FF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 186: 7-29" docOrigin="ZooKeys 186" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.186.2495" docTitle="Olophrum obtectum Erichson 1840" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FFE0FFFBFFD9075CFF9A8F758E11101C" masterDocTitle="New Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) records with new collection data from New Brunswick, Canada: Omaliinae, Micropeplinae, Phloeocharinae, Olisthaerinae, and Habrocerinae" masterLastPageNumber="29" masterPageNumber="7" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1668153765756" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) records with new collection data from New Brunswick, Canada: Omaliinae, Micropeplinae, Phloeocharinae, Olisthaerinae, and Habrocerinae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Webster, Reginald P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sweeney, Jon D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>DeMerchant, Ian</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>186</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>7</mods:start>
<mods:end>29</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.186.2495</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.186.2495</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-186-7</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152035229" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:700F46C94E3E536650A223230E18D7FF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/700F46C94E3E536650A223230E18D7FF" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="11">
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Olophrum_obtectum" authority="Erichson, 1840 **" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Olophrum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Olophrum obtectum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtectum">Olophrum obtectum Erichson, 1840**</taxonomicName>
Map 8
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="11" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="11">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="11">
New Brunswick, Queens Co., Upper Gagetown, bog adjacent to Hwy 2,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="45.8316">45.8316°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-66.2346">66.2346°W</geoCoordinate>
, 23.V.2006, R. P. Webster, tamarack bog, treading
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Carex</taxonomicName>
into water (7, RWC). Saint John Co., Musquash,
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,
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, 7.V.2006, R. P. Webster, inland margin of salt marsh, in litter on muddy soil (1, RWC).
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="11">
Map 8. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of
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.
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="11">Collection and habitat data.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="11">
Specimens have been collected from moss along a stream margin, sweeping vegetation along a stream margin, from a Berlese sample from a decayed stump, at light and from emergent
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Carex</taxonomicName>
in an alder swamp (
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). In New Brunswick, adults were common among emergent
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Carex</taxonomicName>
in an open section of a tamarack (
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(Du Roi) Koch) bog near a small, slow-flowing stream. Adults were collected by treading vegetation into water. One adult was also collected from litter (mostly
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Carex</taxonomicName>
sp.) on muddy soil on the inland margin of a salt marsh. All adults were collected during May.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="11">Distribution in Canada and Alaska.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="11">
ON, QC, NB (
<bibRefCitation author="Campbell, JM" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="9" pageNumber="16" pagination="577 - 622" title="A revision of the North American Omaliinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). The genus Olophrum Erichson." url="10.4039/Ent115577-6" volume="115" year="1983 b">Campbell 1983b</bibRefCitation>
). This species occurs in the eastern third of the United States northward to Quebec and Ontario (
<bibRefCitation author="Campbell, JM" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="9" pageNumber="16" pagination="577 - 622" title="A revision of the North American Omaliinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). The genus Olophrum Erichson." url="10.4039/Ent115577-6" volume="115" year="1983 b">Campbell 1983b</bibRefCitation>
).
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<taxonomicName id="6A97C8215E6B9ED8265DF4D781292097" class="Arachnida" family="Malaconothridae" genus="Malaconothrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="optatus">Malaconothrus optatus Berlese</taxonomicName>
, 1908, p. 12; 1910, p. 223, pl. 19 fig. 46.
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Berlese described (1908) and figured (1910)
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as having two claws at each leg; probably the smaller median claw had been overlooked, for afterwards (Berlese, 1916b, p. 336) the species was added to
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, characterized by tridaetylous legs.
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The description is, however, insufficient and no specimens are present in the Berlese Collection, so that the identity of
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Europa
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<mods:title id="FE9C1702E036EDE4290BA23DC48836AC">Phytochemistry</mods:title>
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2.2. Screening of
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glycosyltransferases in the TX-TL system
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After showing the capability of this approach in screening UDPglucose glycosyltransferases of the model plant
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, we applied the same approach on a local medicinal plant
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<emphasis id="CACD1617F6508567FD9F50A146ADFABB" bold="true" box="[550,670,1265,1284]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A. roxburghii</emphasis>
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in
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,
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, to screen its glycosyltransferases which play an essential role in the synthesis of its biologically active natural products. To obtain the sequence information of all the putative UDP-glucose glycosyltransferases, we performed transcriptome sequencing on this plant. The transcriptome data of
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<emphasis id="CACD1617F6508567FE8A512D459BFA30" bold="true" box="[307,424,1404,1424]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A. roxburghii</emphasis>
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were obtained by Illumina HiSeqTM 2000 sequencing in our previous study (
<bibRefCitation id="9C28B7F4F6508567FE4C51C946A6FA13" author="Zou, F. &amp; Xu, W. &amp; Huang, Z. &amp; Zhang, X. &amp; Chen, S. &amp; Lin, Y. &amp; Xu, W." box="[501,661,1433,1452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="66 - 74" refId="ref9259" refString="Zou, F., Xu, W., Huang, Z., Zhang, X., Chen, S., Lin, Y., Xu, W., 2019. Analysis of transcriptome sequencing and related genes of flavonoid biosynthesis from Anoectochilus roxburghii. J. China Pharm. Univ. 50, 66 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.11665 / j. issn. 1000 - 5048.20190109." type="journal article" year="2019">Zou et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
). First, we extracted the total RNA of
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<emphasis id="CACD1617F6508567FED451E445D7FA78" bold="true" box="[365,484,1460,1479]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A. roxburghii</emphasis>
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, and mRNA was enriched by Oligo (dT) beads. Then the enriched mRNA was fragmented into short fragments using fragmentation buffer and reverse transcribed into cDNA with random primers. Second-strand cDNA was synthesized by DNA polymerase I, RNase H, dNTP, and buffer. Then the cDNA fragments were purified with QiaQuick PCR extraction kit, end repaired, poly(A) added, and ligated to Illumina sequencing adapters. The ligation products were size-selected by agarose gel electrophoresis, PCR amplified, and sequenced using Illumina HiSeqTM 2000. Reads containing adapters, reads containing more than 10% of unknown nucleotides (N), and low-quality reads were removed from the raw reads. The resulting clean reads were further assembled to identify high-quality transcripts. Transcriptome
<emphasis id="CACD1617F6508567FF4153534570F8A9" bold="true" box="[248,323,1795,1814]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">de novo</emphasis>
assembly was carried out with a short-read assembling software Trinity. A total of 58,065 transcripts were assembled with a mean length of 806 bp and an N50 of 1347 bp. Thus, these data provide a good foundation for the subsequent screening of putative UDP-glucose glycosyltransferases (
<bibRefCitation id="9C28B7F4F6508567FE1253234672F839" author="Zou, F. &amp; Xu, W. &amp; Huang, Z. &amp; Zhang, X. &amp; Chen, S. &amp; Lin, Y. &amp; Xu, W." box="[427,577,1907,1926]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="66 - 74" refId="ref9259" refString="Zou, F., Xu, W., Huang, Z., Zhang, X., Chen, S., Lin, Y., Xu, W., 2019. Analysis of transcriptome sequencing and related genes of flavonoid biosynthesis from Anoectochilus roxburghii. J. China Pharm. Univ. 50, 66 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.11665 / j. issn. 1000 - 5048.20190109." type="journal article" year="2019">Zou et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
). Then, we used the BLASTx program with an E-value threshold of 1e
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to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, and protein functional annotations could be obtained. Since each sequence alignment result may have more than one hit, in order to ensure its biological significance, an optimal alignment result was retained as the annotation of the gene. A total of 96 UDP-glucose glycosyltransferase related genes were discovered using the KEGG database. Finally, we used the getORF software to filter 27 glycosyltransferases with an open reading frame (ORF) (
<bibRefCitation id="9C28B7F4F6508567FCC0556B4013FEF1" author="Wang, Z. &amp; Wang, S. &amp; Xu, Z. &amp; Li, M. &amp; Chen, K. &amp; Zhang, Y. &amp; Hu, Z. &amp; Zhang, M. &amp; Zhang, Z. &amp; Qiao, X. &amp; Ye, M." box="[889,1056,315,334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="2241 - 2245" refId="ref9023" refString="Wang, Z., Wang, S., Xu, Z., Li, M., Chen, K., Zhang, Y., Hu, Z., Zhang, M., Zhang, Z., Qiao, X., Ye, M., 2019. Highly promiscuous flavonoid 3 - O-glycosyltransferase from scutellaria baicalensis. Org. Lett. 21, 2241 - 2245. https: // doi. org / 10.1021 / acs. orglett. 9 b 00524." type="journal article" year="2019">Wang et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9C28B7F4F6508567FB94556B40EAFEF1" author="Zhang, X. &amp; Zhu, Y. &amp; Ye, J. &amp; Ye, Z. &amp; Zhu, R. &amp; Xie, G. &amp; Zhao, Y. &amp; Qin, M." box="[1069,1241,315,334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref9174" refString="Zhang, X., Zhu, Y., Ye, J., Ye, Z., Zhu, R., Xie, G., Zhao, Y., Qin, M., 2021. Iris domestica (iso) flavone 7 - and 3 ' - O-glycosyltransferases can be induced by CuCl 2. Front. Plant Sci. 12 https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fpls. 2021.632557, 632557 - 632557." type="book" year="2021">Zhang et al., 2021</bibRefCitation>
) (
<tableCitation id="B53BFFBEF6508567FB56556B4106FEF1" box="[1263,1333,315,334]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 2 Gene IDs and protein names of putative UDP glycosyltransferases identified from the transcriptomic sequencing results of A. roxburghii." pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F806CA05F6508567FCE8550741FCFD92" blockId="2.[818,1488,148,1060]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
We then used the reverse-transcribed cDNA from
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<emphasis id="CACD1617F6508567FAA6550741A0FED5" bold="true" box="[1311,1427,343,362]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A. roxburghii</emphasis>
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as the template and amplified these ArUGTs genes using PCR. We successfully generated 11 different linear DNAs ready for the TX-TL reaction. Then we expressed the corresponding glycosyltransferases in TX-TL and tested their glycosylation activity with quercetin as it is the most representative flavonoid aglycone. After analyzing reaction products using UPLC-MS, we found that 6 ArUGTs possessed significant glycosyltransferase activity in TX-TL reaction solutions (See
<figureCitation id="6082D680F6508567FB17564A40D0FD92" box="[1198,1251,538,557]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[1032,1062,149,166]" captionTargetBox="[110,993,182,1323]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. UPLC-MS analysis of isoquercitrin converted from quercetin by ArUGTs expressed in TX-TL. (A) A glycosylation reaction catalyzed by a UDP-glucose glycosyltransferase. (B) The chromatogram of the blank sample is 50% methanol solvent. (C) The chromatogram of the negative group, which has TX- TL, quercetin, UDP-glucose but no additional DNA. (D) The chromatogram of quercetin standard. (E) The chromatogram of isoquercitrin standard. (FK) Chromatograms of products from the catalysis of quercetin by different ArUGTs (the final concentrations of the linear DNAs used for each ArUGTs are 30 nM): (F) AR14572, (G) AR11662, (H) AR43718, (I) AR06047, (J) AR06981, and (K) AR07558, see Supplementary Fig. S5 for the duplicate group. The y axis indicates ion signal abundance relative to the highest signal in each chromatogram (%). The numbers in the top right of each chromatogram (for instance 2.21e7 in [E]) indicate the ion counts represented by “100” relative abundance. The retention time of the isoquercitrin standard is 4.08 min, and the red arrow in each figure indicates the retention time of the product isoquercitrin. The numbers under the protein names are the peak intensities of the product. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8234978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8234978/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, Supplementary
<figureCitation id="6082D680F6508567FA38564A41F2FD92" box="[1409,1473,538,557]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[100,130,1687,1704]" captionTargetBox="[108,765,1074,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-1443@6.[106,767,1072,1659]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 5. A phylogenetic tree based on protein sequences of six ArUGTs: AR06047, AR06981, AR07558, AR11662, AR14572, and AR43718. The phylogenetic tree is constructed using MEGA. Numbers at the forks are bootstrap values from 100 replicates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8234984" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8234984/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. S5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F806CA05F6508567FCE85666401EFB9B" blockId="2.[818,1488,148,1060]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
Comparison of the chromatogram of quercetin standard, the chromatogram of isoquercitrin standard, and the chromatograms of the glycosylated products showed that these 6 ArUGTs AR06047, AR06981, AR07558, AR11662, AR14572, and AR43718 can catalyze the conversion of quercetin to isoquercitrin (
<figureCitation id="6082D680F6508567FB5356F64110FD06" box="[1258,1315,678,697]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[1032,1062,149,166]" captionTargetBox="[110,993,182,1323]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. UPLC-MS analysis of isoquercitrin converted from quercetin by ArUGTs expressed in TX-TL. (A) A glycosylation reaction catalyzed by a UDP-glucose glycosyltransferase. (B) The chromatogram of the blank sample is 50% methanol solvent. (C) The chromatogram of the negative group, which has TX- TL, quercetin, UDP-glucose but no additional DNA. (D) The chromatogram of quercetin standard. (E) The chromatogram of isoquercitrin standard. (FK) Chromatograms of products from the catalysis of quercetin by different ArUGTs (the final concentrations of the linear DNAs used for each ArUGTs are 30 nM): (F) AR14572, (G) AR11662, (H) AR43718, (I) AR06047, (J) AR06981, and (K) AR07558, see Supplementary Fig. S5 for the duplicate group. The y axis indicates ion signal abundance relative to the highest signal in each chromatogram (%). The numbers in the top right of each chromatogram (for instance 2.21e7 in [E]) indicate the ion counts represented by “100” relative abundance. The retention time of the isoquercitrin standard is 4.08 min, and the red arrow in each figure indicates the retention time of the product isoquercitrin. The numbers under the protein names are the peak intensities of the product. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8234978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8234978/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). In contrast, the other 5 ArUGTs (AR07805, AR40806, AR47165, AR14280, AR42458) did not show any significant glycosyltransferase activity. As enzymes have substrate specificity, the main purpose of this study is to establish and verify a method for rapid screening of plant UGTs.
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<emphasis id="CACD1617F6508567FAFA5745418AFC97" bold="true" box="[1347,1465,789,808]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A. roxburghii</emphasis>
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is known to contain a variety of quercetin glycosides, so for the time being we only chose quercetin as a substrate to screen for new enzyme genes. Those putative enzymes that cannot catalyze quercetin may have catalytic activity on other substrates. We will further expand the scope of substrate screening in follow-up studies. As the positive results, we have successfully screened out 6 new ArUGTs which showed significant glycosyltransferase activity to substrate quercetin with this potential strategy among 11 different linear DNAs expressed in the TX-TL reaction (Supplementary
<tableCitation id="B53BFFBEF6508567FC775040402CFB9B" box="[974,1055,1040,1060]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 2 Gene IDs and protein names of putative UDP glycosyltransferases identified from the transcriptomic sequencing results of A. roxburghii." pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Table S2</tableCitation>
).
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2.1. Expression of UGTs from
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using the LET-based-TX-TL
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In order to demonstrate that the LET-based-TX-TL system can be used to screen plant enzymes, we first expressed UGTs from the model plant
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, whose whole genome sequence is well-characterized. We selected the reviewed group of AtUGTs (See
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), which consists of 11 AtUGTs whose catalytic activities have been demonstrated in previous studies (
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).
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As a positive control, we synthesized an AtUGT gene AT5G17050 (AT5G17050-synthesis) from the reviewed group, which encodes for UGT78D2 and has been shown to have the highest glycosyltransferase activity among all the AtUGTs tested (
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). We extracted RNA from
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and performed reverse transcription to get cDNA. Then we used this cDNA as a template to amplify the AT5G17050 genes of
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. After obtaining expressible linear DNAs of AT5G17050-synthesis (obtained by gene synthesis), AT5G17050-cDNA (amplified from cDNA), with either long primers or short primers followed by ligation, we mixed them with the TX-TL extract and buffer to make the reaction mixtures for expression at 29
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C for 8 h and then directly used them to perform glycosylation reactions using quercetin as the substrate. UPLC-MS (Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry) results showed that the positive control AT5G17050-synthesis and AT5G17050-cDNA exhibited significant glycosyltransferase activity which catalyzed the conversion of quercetin to isoquercitrin (See Supplementary
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, S
<figureCitation id="6082D680F6508567FDBA564A463DFD92" box="[515,526,538,557]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[904,934,149,166]" captionTargetBox="[103,877,151,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-7@3.[100,880,148,1887]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. UPLC-MS analysis of isoquercitrin converted from quercetin by AtUGTs expressed in TX-TL.(A) A glycosylation reaction catalyzed by a UDP-glucose glycosyltransferase. (B) The chromatogram of the blank sample, which only has 50% methanol solvent. (C) The chromatogram of the negative group, which has TX-TL, quercetin, UDPglucose but no additional DNA. (D) The chromatogram of the quercetin standard. (E) The chromatogram of the isoquercitrin standard. (FO) Chromatograms of products from the catalysis of quercetin by different AtUGTs (the final concentrations of the linear DNAs used for each AtUGTs are listed below in brackets): (F) AT1G07250 (32.25 nM), (G) AT1G07260 (29.24 nM), (H) AT2G36790 (20.64 nM), (I) AT2G15480 (29.98 nM), (J) AT2G15490 (29.50 nM), (K) AT3G16520 (25.03 nM), (L) AT3G21750 (23.7 nM), (M) AT3G46660 (24.14 nM), (N) AT4G15280 (24.47 nM), and (O) AT4G34138 (22.52 nM), see Supplementary Fig. S4 for the duplicate group. The y axis indicates ion signal abundance relative to the highest signal in each chromatogram (%). The numbers in the top right of each chromatogram (for instance 3.38e7 in [E]) indicate the ion counts represented by “100” relative abundance. The retention time of the isoquercitrin standard is 4.0 min, and the red arrow in each figure indicates the retention time of the product isoquercitrin. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8234976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8234976/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2</figureCitation>
). This suggested that the TX-TL system can be used to screen active enzymes from plants
<emphasis id="CACD1617F6508567FD05566646CFFDF6" bold="true" box="[700,764,566,585]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">in vitro</emphasis>
. We then test the rest of the reviewed group consisting of 10 AtUGTs. To increase the ligation efficiency of the Golden Gate assembly, we picked the AT2G15490 gene to explore the optimal template concentration in polymerase chain reactions to get gene fragments with the highest quality for the assembly. We found that the cleanest band was obtained when the final template concentration was
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/μL (See Supplementary
<figureCitation id="6082D680F6508567FF2956A944E3FCB3" box="[144,208,761,780]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[1032,1062,149,166]" captionTargetBox="[110,993,182,1323]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. UPLC-MS analysis of isoquercitrin converted from quercetin by ArUGTs expressed in TX-TL. (A) A glycosylation reaction catalyzed by a UDP-glucose glycosyltransferase. (B) The chromatogram of the blank sample is 50% methanol solvent. (C) The chromatogram of the negative group, which has TX- TL, quercetin, UDP-glucose but no additional DNA. (D) The chromatogram of quercetin standard. (E) The chromatogram of isoquercitrin standard. (FK) Chromatograms of products from the catalysis of quercetin by different ArUGTs (the final concentrations of the linear DNAs used for each ArUGTs are 30 nM): (F) AR14572, (G) AR11662, (H) AR43718, (I) AR06047, (J) AR06981, and (K) AR07558, see Supplementary Fig. S5 for the duplicate group. The y axis indicates ion signal abundance relative to the highest signal in each chromatogram (%). The numbers in the top right of each chromatogram (for instance 2.21e7 in [E]) indicate the ion counts represented by “100” relative abundance. The retention time of the isoquercitrin standard is 4.08 min, and the red arrow in each figure indicates the retention time of the product isoquercitrin. The numbers under the protein names are the peak intensities of the product. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8234978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8234978/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. S3</figureCitation>
). So a final template concentration of
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/μL was used to amplify the remaining 10 AtUGTs. We successfully amplified 10 AtUGTs gene fragments using PCR and ligated the gene fragments with a constitutive promoter pOR2-OR1-Pr, a strong ribosome binding site UTR1, a strong terminator T500, and a backbone to generate circular DNAs. We then performed another PCR to get expressible linear DNAs.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="CACD1617F6538564FFDD531644ADF8E8" bold="true" box="[100,158,1862,1879]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
Rapid screening of plant glycosyltransferases using the LET-based-TX-TL system. We can either use long primers which contain a promoter, a ribosome binding site, and a terminator to generate expressible linear DNAs or use short primers to amplify the targeted gene fragments and then ligate them with a promoter, a ribosome binding site, a terminator, and a backbone; then another pair of primers is used to generate expressible linear DNAs. Afterward, combine TX-TL extracts, buffers, and expressible linear DNAs to start protein expression. Then this TX-TL mixture is directly added with substrates (such as quercetin) to start glycosylation reactions. Finally, UPLC-MS is used to analyze the reaction mixture to examine whether targeted products (such as isoquercitrin) are generated.
</paragraph>
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In total, we obtained 10 different linear DNAs ready for the TX-TL reaction. Linear DNAs were added to TX-TL extract and buffer to make the reaction mixtures, which were incubated at 29
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C for 8 h. After expressing all 10 AtUGTs in TX-TL, we used the reaction mixtures directly to catalyze the glycosylation of quercetin. UPLC-MS results showed that all of the tested glycosyltransferases exhibited positive glycosylation activity (See
<figureCitation id="6082D680F6508567FEDB501845ABFBE4" box="[354,408,1096,1115]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[904,934,149,166]" captionTargetBox="[103,877,151,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-7@3.[100,880,148,1887]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. UPLC-MS analysis of isoquercitrin converted from quercetin by AtUGTs expressed in TX-TL.(A) A glycosylation reaction catalyzed by a UDP-glucose glycosyltransferase. (B) The chromatogram of the blank sample, which only has 50% methanol solvent. (C) The chromatogram of the negative group, which has TX-TL, quercetin, UDPglucose but no additional DNA. (D) The chromatogram of the quercetin standard. (E) The chromatogram of the isoquercitrin standard. (FO) Chromatograms of products from the catalysis of quercetin by different AtUGTs (the final concentrations of the linear DNAs used for each AtUGTs are listed below in brackets): (F) AT1G07250 (32.25 nM), (G) AT1G07260 (29.24 nM), (H) AT2G36790 (20.64 nM), (I) AT2G15480 (29.98 nM), (J) AT2G15490 (29.50 nM), (K) AT3G16520 (25.03 nM), (L) AT3G21750 (23.7 nM), (M) AT3G46660 (24.14 nM), (N) AT4G15280 (24.47 nM), and (O) AT4G34138 (22.52 nM), see Supplementary Fig. S4 for the duplicate group. The y axis indicates ion signal abundance relative to the highest signal in each chromatogram (%). The numbers in the top right of each chromatogram (for instance 3.38e7 in [E]) indicate the ion counts represented by “100” relative abundance. The retention time of the isoquercitrin standard is 4.0 min, and the red arrow in each figure indicates the retention time of the product isoquercitrin. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8234976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8234976/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
, Supplementary
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).
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Holmgren, 1857
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.960.54053" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cb9000f1-4fb7-4516-8045-609ee2f861de" ID-PMC="PMC7445191" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-960-39" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B887F26343D65937AD1404E91BB73583" ID-PubMed="32884397" ID-ZooBank="2444E1F8400240EABA3C4B1D11778DF2" ModsDocID="1313-2970-960-39" checkinTime="1597680771070" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Shuqiang &amp; Bian, Dongju" docDate="2020" docId="7010CDECAD215F889B5DFF0C5EA2EA6E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 960: 39-62" docOrigin="ZooKeys 960" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.960.54053" docTitle="Trilacuna changzi Tong &amp; Li 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="8557BE3E-8492-4401-B95E-C4C9D177DFA6" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="B887F26343D65937AD1404E91BB73583" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="B887F26343D65937AD1404E91BB73583" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic studies on the genus Trilacuna (Araneae, Oonopidae) from Myanmar" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1668169272096" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Taxonomic studies on the genus Trilacuna (Araneae, Oonopidae) from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Tong, Yanfeng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Life Science College, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China &amp; Southeast Asia Biological Diversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Bian, Dongju</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang 110016, China</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7019544" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166240675" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7019544" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8557BE3E-8492-4401-B95E-C4C9D177DFA6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7010CDECAD215F889B5DFF0C5EA2EA6E" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName LSID="7010CDEC-AD21-5F88-9B5D-FF0C5EA2EA6E" authority="Tong &amp; Li" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna changzi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="changzi" status="sp. nov.">Trilacuna changzi Tong &amp; Li</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="39">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views; black arrow shows the cluster of densely, short setae D-F, H, I prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, posterior, and anterior views G labium and endites in ventral view; white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-F, H, I); 0.2 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442553" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figs 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; emb = embolus; lb = lateral branch; mb = median branch; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442554" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., female paratype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision; tp = triangular plate. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442555" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., left male palp A-C T. besucheti D-F T. changzi sp. nov. G-I T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. J-L T. triseta sp. nov. A, D, G, J prolateral views B, E, H, K dorsal views C, F, I, L retrolateral views. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442563" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 14D-F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Trilacuna spp., female copulatory organ A, B T. besucheti C, D T. changzi sp. nov. E, F T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. G, H T. loebli I, J T. zhigangi sp. nov. A, C, E, G, I ventral view B, D, F, H, J dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; db = darkened band; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sep = semicircular plate; tba = transverse bars; tp = triangular plate; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442564" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 15C, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Trilacuna spp., male labium and endites, ventral view A, B T. changzi sp. nov., white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines C, D T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. E, F T. besucheti G, H T. triseta sp. nov., black arrow shows the three black, strong setae. Abbreviations: bts = bent thick setae; cos = comb-like setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442565" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 16A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Holotype</emphasis>
♂: Myanmar, near 1.5 km from the roadside between Kanpetlet and Nat Ma Taung National Park;
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="13.058" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.217634">21°13.058'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="93" direction="east" minutes="59.033" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="93.98389">93°59.033'E</geoCoordinate>
; elevation ca 2420 m; 1.V.2017; Wu J. and Chen Z. leg. (IZCAS AR-25139).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Paratype</emphasis>
1♀: Myanmar, same data as for holotype (IZCAS AR-25140).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
The new species is similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. mahanadi" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="mahanadi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">T. mahanadi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Grismado &amp; Piacentini, 2014 but can be distinguished by the long, strongly curved spines on the male endites (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views; black arrow shows the cluster of densely, short setae D-F, H, I prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, posterior, and anterior views G labium and endites in ventral view; white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-F, H, I); 0.2 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442553" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">4G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Trilacuna spp., male labium and endites, ventral view A, B T. changzi sp. nov., white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines C, D T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. E, F T. besucheti G, H T. triseta sp. nov., black arrow shows the three black, strong setae. Abbreviations: bts = bent thick setae; cos = comb-like setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442565" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">16A, B</figureCitation>
), the bare dorsal branch (db) of the embolus system (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; emb = embolus; lb = lateral branch; mb = median branch; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442554" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">5E, F, H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., left male palp A-C T. besucheti D-F T. changzi sp. nov. G-I T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. J-L T. triseta sp. nov. A, D, G, J prolateral views B, E, H, K dorsal views C, F, I, L retrolateral views. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442563" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">14E</figureCitation>
), and the triangular plate (tp) of the female epigastric
<taxonomicName lsidName="area" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="area">area</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., female paratype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision; tp = triangular plate. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442555" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">6G</figureCitation>
). The male of
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. mahanadi" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="mahanadi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">T. mahanadi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has unmodified endites and lacks the dorsal branch of the embolus system, and the triangular plate is lacking in the epigastric
<taxonomicName lsidName="area" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="area">area</taxonomicName>
of the female (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1206/843.1" author="Grismado, CJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 108" refId="B2" refString="Grismado, CJ, Deeleman-Reinhold, CL, Piacentini, LN, Izquierdo, MA, Ramirez, MJ, 2014. Taxonomic review of the goblin spiders of the genus Dysderoides Fage and their Himalayan relatives of the genera Trilacuna Tong and Li and Himalayana, new genus (Araneae, Oonopidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 387: 1 - 108, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1206/843.1" title="Taxonomic review of the goblin spiders of the genus Dysderoides Fage and their Himalayan relatives of the genera Trilacuna Tong and Li and Himalayana, new genus (Araneae, Oonopidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1206/843.1" volume="387" year="2014">Grismado et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
: figs 36-38).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442553" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna changzi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="changzi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Trilacuna changzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., male holotype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A-C</emphasis>
habitus in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views; black arrow shows the cluster of densely, short setae
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">D-F, H, I</emphasis>
prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, posterior, and anterior views
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">G</emphasis>
labium and endites in ventral view; white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A-F, H, I</emphasis>
); 0.2 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
Male.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Body</emphasis>
</emphasis>
: yellow-brown, chelicerae and sternum lighter, legs yellow; habitus as in Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views; black arrow shows the cluster of densely, short setae D-F, H, I prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, posterior, and anterior views G labium and endites in ventral view; white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-F, H, I); 0.2 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442553" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">4A-C</figureCitation>
; body length 1.56.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Carapace</emphasis>
: 0.76 long, 0.64 wide; sides smooth, lateral margin rebordered (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views; black arrow shows the cluster of densely, short setae D-F, H, I prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, posterior, and anterior views G labium and endites in ventral view; white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-F, H, I); 0.2 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442553" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">4D</figureCitation>
); posterior surface with several large setal bases (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views; black arrow shows the cluster of densely, short setae D-F, H, I prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, posterior, and anterior views G labium and endites in ventral view; white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-F, H, I); 0.2 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442553" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">4H</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Eyes</emphasis>
: ALE largest; PLE and PME nearly equal in size; ALE-PLE separated by less than ALE radius; PME touching each other; posterior eye row recurved as viewed from above, procurved as viewed from front (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views; black arrow shows the cluster of densely, short setae D-F, H, I prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, posterior, and anterior views G labium and endites in ventral view; white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-F, H, I); 0.2 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442553" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">4D, I</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Clypeus</emphasis>
: height about 0.7 times of ALE diameter, with a triangular, pointed median projection (cmp).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Mouthparts</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views; black arrow shows the cluster of densely, short setae D-F, H, I prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, posterior, and anterior views G labium and endites in ventral view; white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-F, H, I); 0.2 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442553" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">4G-I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Trilacuna spp., male labium and endites, ventral view A, B T. changzi sp. nov., white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines C, D T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. E, F T. besucheti G, H T. triseta sp. nov., black arrow shows the three black, strong setae. Abbreviations: bts = bent thick setae; cos = comb-like setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442565" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">16A, B</figureCitation>
): endites slender, with two long, strongly curved spines.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Sternum</emphasis>
: (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views; black arrow shows the cluster of densely, short setae D-F, H, I prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, posterior, and anterior views G labium and endites in ventral view; white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-F, H, I); 0.2 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442553" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">4F</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Abdomen</emphasis>
: 0.82 long, 0.66 wide; booklung covers ovoid, surface smooth (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views; black arrow shows the cluster of densely, short setae D-F, H, I prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, posterior, and anterior views G labium and endites in ventral view; white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-F, H, I); 0.2 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442553" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">4I</figureCitation>
); dorsal scutum not fused to epigastric scutum; apodemes present, posterior spiracles not connected by groove; epigastric region with a cluster of dense, short setae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views; black arrow shows the cluster of densely, short setae D-F, H, I prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, posterior, and anterior views G labium and endites in ventral view; white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-F, H, I); 0.2 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442553" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">4C</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Palp</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; emb = embolus; lb = lateral branch; mb = median branch; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442554" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., left male palp A-C T. besucheti D-F T. changzi sp. nov. G-I T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. J-L T. triseta sp. nov. A, D, G, J prolateral views B, E, H, K dorsal views C, F, I, L retrolateral views. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442563" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">14D-F</figureCitation>
): orange; 0.48 long (0.15, 0.11, 0.09, 0.13); femur greatly elongated (width/length = 0.65) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; emb = embolus; lb = lateral branch; mb = median branch; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442554" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">5A, B</figureCitation>
); bulb pear-shaped, tapering apically; embolus system (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; emb = embolus; lb = lateral branch; mb = median branch; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442554" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">5E, F, H</figureCitation>
) with a bare dorsal branch (db) in prolateral view, and a small median branch (mb) and laterally curved branch (lb) in dorsal view.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442554" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna changzi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="changzi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Trilacuna changzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., male holotype, left palp
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A, B, G</emphasis>
prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C, D</emphasis>
palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">E, F, H</emphasis>
distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; emb = embolus; lb = lateral branch; mb = median branch; vs = ventral setae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Female.</emphasis>
Same as male except as noted.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Habitus</emphasis>
: as in Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., female paratype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision; tp = triangular plate. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442555" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">6A-C</figureCitation>
; slightly larger than male.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Body</emphasis>
: length 1.76.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Carapace</emphasis>
: 0.79 long, 0.67 wide.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Abdomen</emphasis>
: 1.12 long, 0.82 wide.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Endites</emphasis>
: unmodified.
<taxonomicName genus="Epigastric" lsidName="Epigastric area" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="area">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Epigastric area</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Trilacuna changzi sp. nov., female paratype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision; tp = triangular plate. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442555" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">6G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Trilacuna spp., female copulatory organ A, B T. besucheti C, D T. changzi sp. nov. E, F T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. G, H T. loebli I, J T. zhigangi sp. nov. A, C, E, G, I ventral view B, D, F, H, J dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; db = darkened band; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sep = semicircular plate; tba = transverse bars; tp = triangular plate; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442564" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">15C</figureCitation>
): with a large, triangular plate (tp).
<taxonomicName genus="Endogyne" lsidName="Endogyne" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Endogyne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Trilacuna spp., female copulatory organ A, B T. besucheti C, D T. changzi sp. nov. E, F T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. G, H T. loebli I, J T. zhigangi sp. nov. A, C, E, G, I ventral view B, D, F, H, J dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; db = darkened band; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sep = semicircular plate; tba = transverse bars; tp = triangular plate; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442564" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">15D</figureCitation>
): with narrow, transverse sclerite (tsc), an anterior stick-shaped sclerite (as), and a posterior tortuous, tube-like globular structure (glo); transverse bars (tba) with two lateral apodemes (ap).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442555" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna changzi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="changzi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Trilacuna changzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., female paratype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A-C</emphasis>
habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">D-F, H</emphasis>
prosoma in dorsal, lateral, ventral, and anterior views
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">G</emphasis>
abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; esb = elevated seta base; ldi = labium deep incision; tp = triangular plate. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
The specific name is derived from Chinese pinyin,
<normalizedToken originalValue="“changzi”">&quot;changzi&quot;</normalizedToken>
, which means &quot;long moustache&quot;, referring to the long, curved spines on the
<normalizedToken originalValue="males">male's</normalizedToken>
endites; noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Known only from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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Dolerus (Poodolerus) stygius
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, 1860
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Cameron, 1881
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<taxonomicName authority="Erichson, 1837" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1837" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidion (Emphanes) tenellum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="tenellum" subGenus="Emphanes" subSpecies="tenellum">Bembidion (Emphanes) tenellum tenellum Erichson, 1837</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="8135" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-05-27" collectorName="R. Kostova" latitude="42.024113" location="Sinemorets Vill., PA &quot; Silistar &quot;, Estuary of Silistar River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="28.009138" pageId="0" pageNumber="8135" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">R. Kostova</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">1</specimenCount>
; Location: countryCode: BG; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7011BCD99C32DCFB8C9545378EE5E639:F5D0E3943EF5F46C14B541F3CA174FE4" latitude="42.024113" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="28.009138" name="Sinemorets Vill., PA &quot; Silistar &quot;, Estuary of Silistar River" pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">Sinemorets Vill., PA&quot;Silistar&quot;, Estuary of Silistar River</location>
; verbatimElevation:
<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">12</elevation>
; verbatimCoordinates:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="42.024113">N42°01'26.8&quot;</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.009138">E28°00'32.9&quot;</geoCoordinate>
; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="8135" value="2011-05-27">27/05/2011</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation location="Ahtopol" pageId="0" pageNumber="8135" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">Other material</typeStatus>
. Location: countryCode: BG; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7011BCD99C32DCFB8C9545378EE5E639:EA58CFF03CEA21E8F6F18922E3BDD127" name="Ahtopol" pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">Ahtopol</location>
; Record Level: bibliographicCitation: Hieke &amp; Wrase (1988: 58)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation location="Tsarevo (= Micurin)" pageId="0" pageNumber="8135" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">Other material</typeStatus>
. Location: countryCode: BG; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7011BCD99C32DCFB8C9545378EE5E639:D96DE7F2B9275C39C6D006C4FC1E9A00" name="Tsarevo (= Micurin)" pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">Tsarevo (= Micurin)</location>
; Record Level: bibliographicCitation: Hieke &amp; Wrase (1988: 58)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation location="Ropotamo" pageId="0" pageNumber="8135" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">Other material</typeStatus>
. Location: countryCode: BG; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7011BCD99C32DCFB8C9545378EE5E639:320CF4A9E74408394E44E3A81CBC21D7" name="Ropotamo" pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">Ropotamo</location>
; Record Level: bibliographicCitation: Hieke &amp; Wrase (1988: 58)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation location="5 km West of Yasna Polyana Vill." pageId="0" pageNumber="8135" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">Other material</typeStatus>
. Location: countryCode: BG; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7011BCD99C32DCFB8C9545378EE5E639:EEBB8BF6EA3802A83E6032F2AD558D6E" name="5 km West of Yasna Polyana Vill." pageId="0" pageNumber="8135">5 km West of Yasna Polyana Vill.</location>
; Record Level: bibliographicCitation: Hieke &amp; Wrase (1988: 58)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.96577" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2305-2562-2-109" ID-Pensoft-UUID="577FD979942E52AAA9DEF9D6BB9132A0" ID-ZooBank="BA0BC6F338654B66AC046D06B5FCC385" ModsDocID="2305-2562-64-2-109" checkinTime="1683304282750" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Winterton, Shaun L., Irwin, Michael E. &amp; Mortelmans, Jonas" docDate="2023" docId="701250E4F6545612AA6E69723A908720" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvert 64(2): 109-138" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 64 (2)" docPubDate="2023-05-05" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.96577" docTitle="Neotherevella kozlovi" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="577FD979942E52AAA9DEF9D6BB9132A0" lastPageNumber="109" masterDocId="577FD979942E52AAA9DEF9D6BB9132A0" masterDocTitle="Revision of the dune-associated stiletto flies of the genus Neotherevella Lyneborg, 1978 (Therevidae, Therevinae)" masterLastPageNumber="138" masterPageNumber="109" pageNumber="109" updateTime="1683304282750" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>Revision of the dune-associated stiletto flies of the genus Neotherevella Lyneborg, 1978 (Therevidae, Therevinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Winterton, Shaun L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>California State Collection of Arthropods, California Department of Food &amp; Agriculture, Sacramento, California, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">wintertonshaun@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Irwin, Michael E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Emeritus, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA, and University of Arizona, Tucson, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mortelmans, Jonas</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8781-7915</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Flanders Marine Institute, Ostend, West Flanders, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2023-05-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number>64</mods:number>
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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<mods:start>109</mods:start>
<mods:end>138</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.96577</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.96577</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2305-2562-2-109</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701250E4F6545612AA6E69723A908720" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/701250E4F6545612AA6E69723A908720" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="46V2J" LSID="701250E4-F654-5612-AA6E-69723A908720" authority="(Zaitzev)" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Neotherevella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotherevella kozlovi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kozlovi">Neotherevella kozlovi (Zaitzev)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Neotherevella kozlovi (Zaitzev, 1971) A female, lateral view B male, oblique view." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.96577.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845757" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Figs 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Neotherevella species, head, frontal view A Neotherevella kozlovi (Zaitzev, 1971 a), male B same, female C Neotherevella arenaria (Lyneborg, 1976), male D same, female E Neotherevella londti sp. nov., male F same, female G Neotherevella macularis (Wiedemann, 1828), male H same, female I Neotherevella maroccanus sp. nov., male." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.96577.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845764" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">, 11A, B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Neotherevella species, male epandrium and sternite 8 A, B Neotherevella arenaria (Lyneborg, 1976) C, D Neotherevella kozlovi (Zaitzev, 1971 a) E, F Neotherevella londti sp. nov. G, H Neotherevella macularis (Wiedemann, 1828). Scale bar: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.96577.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845765" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">, 12C, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Neotherevella species, male gonocoxites (ventral view left, dorsal view right) with phallus in situ A, B Neotherevella arenaria (Lyneborg, 1976) C, D Neotherevella kozlovi (Zaitzev, 1971) E, F Neotherevella londti sp. nov. G, H Neotherevella macularis (Wiedemann, 1828). Scale bar: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.96577.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845766" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">, 13C, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Neotherevella species, male phallus A Neotherevella kozlovi (Zaitzev, 1971), lateral view B Neotherevella arenaria (Lyneborg, 1976), lateral view C Neotherevella londti sp. nov., lateral view D Neotherevella macularis (Wiedemann, 1828), lateral view E Neotherevella londti sp. nov., ventral view F Neotherevella macularis (Wiedemann, 1828), dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.96577.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845767" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">, 14A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Neotherevella distribution." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.96577.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845768" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">, 15</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zaitzev" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Aristothereva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aristothereva kozlovi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kozlovi">Aristothereva kozlovi</taxonomicName>
Zaitzev, 1971a: 66-
<bibRefCitation author="Zaitzev, VF" journalOrPublisher="Vestnik Zoologii" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" pagination="36 - 42" refId="B48" refString="Zaitzev, VF, 1971b. On revision of the genus Aristothereva Frey (Diptera, Therevidae) from Paleoarctic. Communication II. Vestnik Zoologii 1971 (5): 36 - 42" title="On revision of the genus Aristothereva Frey (Diptera, Therevidae) from Paleoarctic. Communication II." volume="1971" year="1971 b">Zaitzev (1971b</bibRefCitation>
: 39 [key]);
<bibRefCitation author="Gorodkov, KB" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" pagination="223 - 226" refId="B7" refString="Gorodkov, KB, Grunin, KJA, Nartshuk, EP, Richter, VA, Savtchenko, , Stackelberg, AA, Tanasijthuk, VN, Zaitzev, VPH, 1974. Dipteren aus der Mongolischen Volksrepublik (Diptera, Insecta) Ergebnisse der Mongolisch-Deutschen Bioloischen Expedition seit 1962. Nr. 65. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 2 (50): 223 - 226" title="Dipteren aus der Mongolischen Volksrepublik (Diptera, Insecta) Ergebnisse der Mongolisch-Deutschen Bioloischen Expedition seit 1962. Nr. 65." volume="2" year="1974">Gorodkov et al. (1974</bibRefCitation>
: 226 [faunal record]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Neotherevella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotherevella kozlovi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kozlovi">Neotherevella kozlovi</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Zaitzev, VF" journalOrPublisher="Vestnik Zoologii" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" pagination="63 - 69" refId="B47" refString="Zaitzev, VF, 1971a. On revision of the genus Aristothereva Frey (Diptera, Therevidae) from Paleoarctic. Communication I. Vestnik Zoologii 1971 (3): 63 - 69" title="On revision of the genus Aristothereva Frey (Diptera, Therevidae) from Paleoarctic. Communication I." volume="1971" year="1971 a">Zaitzev (1971a)</bibRefCitation>
-
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631278X00241" author="Lyneborg, L" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics &amp; Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" pagination="75 - 76" refId="B32" refString="Lyneborg, L, 1978. Neotherevella, a new genus of Therevidae (Diptera) from the Palaearctic and Afrotropical Regions. Insect Systematics &amp; Evolution 9 (1): 75 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631278X00241" title="Neotherevella, a new genus of Therevidae (Diptera) from the Palaearctic and Afrotropical Regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631278X00241" volume="9" year="1978">Lyneborg (1978</bibRefCitation>
: 76 [new combination]; 1989: 22 [catalogue]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
Peoples Republic Of China • male;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Inner Mongolia</emphasis>
, Etsin Gol, North Alashan, Gobi; [
<geoCoordinate degrees="41.8056" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="41.8056">41.8056</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="100.9883" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="100.9883">100.9883</geoCoordinate>
]; 23 Jun 1926; P. Kozlov leg.; ZISP; N2236.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
Peoples Republic Of China • 3 males, 6 females;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Inner Mongolia</emphasis>
, same data as holotype; [
<geoCoordinate degrees="41.8056" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="41.8056">41.8056</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="100.9883" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="100.9883">100.9883</geoCoordinate>
]; 14-15 Mar 1908, 23 Jun 1926; P. Kozlov leg.; ZISP, CSCA. Uzbekistan • 1 female;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Xorazm Region</emphasis>
, Khiva; [
<geoCoordinate degrees="41.3847" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="41.3847">41.3847</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="60.3655" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="60.3655">60.3655</geoCoordinate>
]; 20 Apr 1927; L. Zimin leg.; ZISP.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Male frons lacking dark maculae, wider than ocellar tubercle at narrowest point; female frontal maculae without erect macrosetae; scape macrosetae white to yellow; palpus narrow; wing cell m3 open; all macrosetae yellow-white; dorsocentral macrosetae absent.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
Body length: 8.0 mm (male), 10.5 mm (female).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Head</emphasis>
. Frons profile flat to slightly rounded (female), male frons width at narrowest point slightly wider than ocellar tubercle, female frons wide, inner eye margins subparallel; pubescence greyish-silver, paired matte-black pubescent maculae present (female), male frons with setae absent, female frons with patch of pale setae beside and slightly below antennal base; postocular setae white, arranged in single row, occiput relatively convex, pubescence grey admixed with white, scale-like setae, abundant medially; genal setae pale; palpus narrow, with white setae; antennal scape bulbous, equal length to flagellum, brown, overlain with grey pubescence (male) or dark yellow-orange, overlain with grey pubescence (female), numerous large white-yellow setae; flagellum brown.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Thorax</emphasis>
. Scutum grey pubescent, erect, filiform setae admixed with adpressed, white, scale-like setae, denser anteriorly; thoracic macrosetae yellow; scutellum concolourous with scutum; pleuron with dense silver-grey pubescence admixed with extensive semi-erect, white, scale-like setae; coxae yellow, overlain with silver-grey pubescence, macrosetae few in number, setae white; femora uniform yellow (female) or dark grey-brown with apices yellow (male), dense covering of white, scale-like adpressed setae, macrosetae white, hind femur with 3-4 anteroventral macrosetae in distal half; tibiae and tarsi dark yellow, macrosetae elongate, white; wing opaque white, brown along veins; cell m3 open; venation yellow basally along major veins, darker distally; haltere dark yellow; scutal chaetotaxy: notopleural, 5; supra alar, 1; post alar, 2; dorsocentral, 0; scutellar, 2.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Male base colour grey pubescent with extensive long, pale filiform setae admixed with adpressed setae; terminalia dark yellow; female abdomen brown, tergites yellow posteriorly and laterally; acanthophorite spines yellow.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Epandrium ovoid, brown anteromedially, covered with pale setae, corners pointed posterolaterally; sternite 8 narrowed posteriorly, emarginate apically with elongate setae in posterior half; gonocoxites with dense white setae, outer gonocoxal process reduced to small ridge, inner gonocoxal process narrowed apically, gonostylus truncated apically, angular ridge on outer surface, ventral lobe relatively large, rounded; gonocoxal apodeme small; phallus with broad dorsal apodeme of parameral sheath, ventral apodeme triangular, distiphallus broad and curved ventrally.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.96577.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845757" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Neotherevella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotherevella kozlovi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kozlovi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Neotherevella kozlovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Zaitzev, 1971)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">A</emphasis>
female, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">B</emphasis>
male, oblique view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">China (Inner Mongolia), Uzbekistan.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Neotherevella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotherevella kozlovi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kozlovi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Neotherevella kozlovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
adults are found in sand dunes habitats.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Not threatened; apparently widely distributed in relatively undisturbed areas.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Neotherevella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotherevella kozlovi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kozlovi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Neotherevella kozlovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Frey" authorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Aristothereva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aristothereva" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Aristothereva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation author="Zaitzev, VF" journalOrPublisher="Vestnik Zoologii" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" pagination="63 - 69" refId="B47" refString="Zaitzev, VF, 1971a. On revision of the genus Aristothereva Frey (Diptera, Therevidae) from Paleoarctic. Communication I. Vestnik Zoologii 1971 (3): 63 - 69" title="On revision of the genus Aristothereva Frey (Diptera, Therevidae) from Paleoarctic. Communication I." volume="1971" year="1971 a">Zaitzev (1971a)</bibRefCitation>
and later transferred to
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Neotherevella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631278X00241" author="Lyneborg, L" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics &amp; Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" pagination="75 - 76" refId="B32" refString="Lyneborg, L, 1978. Neotherevella, a new genus of Therevidae (Diptera) from the Palaearctic and Afrotropical Regions. Insect Systematics &amp; Evolution 9 (1): 75 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631278X00241" title="Neotherevella, a new genus of Therevidae (Diptera) from the Palaearctic and Afrotropical Regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631278X00241" volume="9" year="1978">Lyneborg (1978)</bibRefCitation>
. The presence of distinctive frontal maculae of the female frons supports this combination. This species is distinct from other
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Neotherevella</emphasis>
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species by the shape of the frons in both sexes and yellow scape macrosetae.
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<taxonomicName id="3FBB9E9E9F771F2F78FDF8DEFD913363" authority="Boiss. ex Benth." authorityName="Boiss. ex Benth." box="[136,545,1849,1872]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Scutellaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glechomoides">
<emphasis id="CACF390F9F771F2F78FDF8DEFE30337C" bold="true" box="[136,384,1849,1871]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="296">Scutellaria glechomoides</emphasis>
Boiss. ex Benth.
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in DC.
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12: 421 (
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<subSubSection id="B0A1B6969F771F2F7B35F8DDFD2733AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="296" type="nomenclature">
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Type (lectotype, here designated):—IRAN. Prov. Tehran: Tuchal, Yakh lake,
<emphasis id="CACF390F9F771F2F795AF8B9FDD33340" box="[303,611,1886,1907]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="296">Kotschy Pl. Pers. bor. No. 568</emphasis>
(K000906245!; isolectotypes: G00435676!, G00330404!, G00472154!, P00743381!, P00743382!, JE00002622!, W0052111!) (
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Two syntypes collections (
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and
<emphasis id="CACF390F9F771F2F7A1FF821FD4833D2" box="[618,760,1990,2017]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="296">Aucher 5158</emphasis>
) were cited in
<bibRefCitation id="9C2A98EC9F771F2F7BECF821FBFD33D3" author="Bentham, G." box="[921,1101,1990,2016]" editor="Candolle, A. P. de" journalOrPublisher="Treuttel et Wurtz, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" pagination="27 - 603" part="12" refString="Bentham, G. (1848) Labiatae. In: Candolle, A. P. de (Ed.) Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, vol. 12. Treuttel et Wurtz, Paris, pp. 27 - 603." title="Labiatae" type="journal article" volumeTitle="Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis" year="1848">Bentham (1848)</bibRefCitation>
protologue for
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and both are now deposited at K. The sheet
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is selected as lectotype because its leaves, flowers, bracts, and inflorescence are more developed than the other sheet, matching clearly the characters mentioned in the protologue.
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<emphasis id="CACF390F9F771F2F78BEF7AAFB063CBD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="296">Accepted by Jesús González-Gallegos: 27 Nov. 2014; published: 17 Dec. 2014 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0</emphasis>
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Forster, 1771
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<document id="B717FFB39D7661D7ABE425EEB4D5B2BE" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e980" ID-PMC="PMC3964710" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--980" ID-PubMed="24723774" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e980" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="Targeting a portion of central European spider diversity for permanent preservation" checkinTime="1553126929177" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Candek, Klemen, Gregoric, Matjaz, Kostanjsek, Rok, Frick, Holger, Kropf, Christian &amp; Kuntner, Matjaz" docDate="2013" docId="70135EFB41C3494CD7B9E6CE39D6A90C" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 1: e980" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 1" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e980" docTitle="Metellina merianae Scopoli 1763" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="980" masterDocId="FFB8FF84FFDFDA07FFF1FFF7FFD8C300" masterDocTitle="Targeting a portion of central European spider diversity for permanent preservation" masterLastPageNumber="980" masterPageNumber="980" pageNumber="980" updateTime="1668122359612" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="7ECD1E59CD08D6BF5AA9E269D0D243B7">Targeting a portion of central European spider diversity for permanent preservation</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F1A801646CB6F3308C0E010A24D91B7D">2013</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="C8EDFB1665899A18D6191656327A56FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="980">Materials</paragraph>
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Occurrence: recordedBy:
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Kuntner,
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; locality:
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; habitat: spruce thicket and grass
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Occurrence: recordedBy:
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2011
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; habitat: forest
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Occurrence: recordedBy:
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jezero
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; habitat: lake edge
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<materialsCitation id="F75D0A9B23F8B29622C29654B30120D1" collectingDate="2011-02-10" collectorName="Kuntner" country="Slovenia" latitude="45.9547" location="Mocilnik" longitude="14.2925" pageId="0" pageNumber="980" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
Occurrence: recordedBy:
<collectorName id="DA4498C3C93E5BEE2203310809B37355" pageId="0" pageNumber="980">Kuntner</collectorName>
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; Location: locationID: SI36; country:
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; locality:
<location id="7E9A2254DA9FCF72690E3BA69BB3BB00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70135EFB41C3494CD7B9E6CE39D6A90C:7E9A2254DA9FCF72690E3BA69BB3BB00" country="Slovenia" latitude="45.9547" longitude="14.2925" name="Mocilnik" pageId="0" pageNumber="980">
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; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate id="A2879ACB79DBFD1BF1E415348A9CD919" pageId="0" pageNumber="980" value="2011-02-10">2011-10-02</collectingDate>
; habitat: forest edge
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<materialsCitation id="112D20DC5601E324EA9BC0CFB3EFC90E" collectingDate="2010-03-08" collectorName="Kuntner, Candek" country="Slovenia" latitude="46.162" location="Sp. Praprece" longitude="14.6933" pageId="0" pageNumber="980" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
Occurrence: recordedBy:
<collectorName id="FB07B7E3BAB9776D5F08CC407F3CAD19" pageId="0" pageNumber="980">
Kuntner,
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,
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; Location: locationID: SI50; country:
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; locality:
<location id="7312F83659992D4BE5B55F0C4DD360AE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70135EFB41C3494CD7B9E6CE39D6A90C:7312F83659992D4BE5B55F0C4DD360AE" country="Slovenia" latitude="46.162" longitude="14.6933" name="Sp. Praprece" pageId="0" pageNumber="980">
Sp.
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/
<collectingDate id="ECAAF508C7650D094B935E7311AF5CAF" value="2012-05-28">2012-05-28</collectingDate>
; habitat: house and surroundings
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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[
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*
<emphasis class="Smallcaps" smallCaps="true">Danai</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true">candidi.</emphasis>
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<mods:title id="789CA5B6E4A9E54AC358AFCFBD96E811">Epsilogaster fullertoni, a new species of Epsilogaster Whitfield and Mason (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Mendesellinae) from Florida, USA</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D769449A20CFEE9FCC47354FCC8" ID-CoL="6FYR2" box="[264,535,804,830]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fullertoni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79449A20CFEE9FCC47354FCC8" bold="true" box="[264,535,804,830]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Epsilogaster fullertoni</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="CACEEAE79449A20CFEE9FC8E70CCFC7E" bold="true" box="[264,399,878,904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Etymology</emphasis>
— named in honor of Stuart Fullerton, for his enthusiastic development of the “Bug Closet” insect collection at the University of Central Florida..
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<emphasis id="CACEEAE79449A20CFED9FC5E708AFC2E" bold="true" box="[312,457,958,984]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="270188579449A20CFE14FC5F7321FC2F" box="[501,610,959,985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female (
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)
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<paragraph id="F80536F59449A20BFED9FC067588FBD8" blockId="3.[264,1324,878,1905]" lastBlockId="4.[264,1325,284,1470]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79449A20CFED9FC0670D2FBF6" bold="true" box="[312,401,998,1024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Length</emphasis>
:
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.
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79449A20CFDF7FC06731DFBF6" bold="true" box="[534,606,998,1024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Color</emphasis>
: light yellowish brown except brown as follows: pedicel laterally and posteriorly; flagellomeres, inter­ocellar area, apex of teeth of mandibles, forewing veins, metasomal tergita 47, tarsal claws, ovipositor sheaths. Eyes silver. Wings hyaline.
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79449A20CFE9CFBBE7083FB8E" bold="true" box="[381,448,1118,1144]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Head</emphasis>
: head height/compound eye height = 1.39; head height/compound eye length = 3.00; length of first flagellomere =
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; length of first flagellomere/width of first flagellomere = 3.45; length of first flagellomere/ length of second flagellomere = 1.27; length of first flagellomere/ length of third flagellomere = 1.35; length of apical flagellomere/ width of apical flagellomere = 2.90; intertentorial pit distance =
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; ocello­ocular distance = 0.13; distance between antennal insertion and anterior tentorial pit = 0.20; width of face at dorsal edge of clypeus = 0.49; antenna with 25 flagellomeres; face weakly rugose with sparse punctures and setation; eyes with dense setation; vertex, gena and occiput with moderately dense punctures and setation, ocelli forming an equilateral triangle.
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79449A20CFE9EFA267340FA16" bold="true" box="[383,515,1478,1504]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mesosoma</emphasis>
: mesosomal length/mesosomal width = 1.81; mesosomal height =
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; hind tibial length/maximal width of hind tibia = 6.17; propleuron mostly smooth with sparse punctures and setation; pronotum with three large punctures antero­medially, otherwise smooth medially, with longitudinal carinae extending dorsally to ventrally becoming weaker ventrally; mesopleuron mostly smooth, with sparse setation dorsad sternaulus and moderately dense setation ventrad sternalus, sternaulus composed of regular large fovea, running diagonally from midpoint of ventral margin to midpoint of anterior margin of mesopleuron, subalar space mostly smooth with sparse punctures and setation; mesonotum smooth with moderately dense evenly distributed punctures and setae, notaulus composed of regular fovea; scutelluar sulcus with 6 longitudinal carinae, scutellum subtriangular, smooth with sparse punctures and setation; metapleuron mostly smooth with sparse punctures and setation; metanotum with two subcircular pits anteromedially, axillary troughs with three incomplete longitudinal carinae, otherwise smooth; propodeum with two longitudinal submedial subparallel carinae that join anteromedially, propodeum with two longitudinal lateral carinae on each side, many irregular lateral carinae that cross more distinct longitudinal carinae forming areolae.
<emphasis id="CACEEAE7944EA20BFC88FE5B72FBFE23" bold="true" box="[873,952,443,469]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Wings</emphasis>
(
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C): forewing length =
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; 3RSb barely indicated, r­m crossvein present but not tubular.
<emphasis id="CACEEAE7944EA20BFBBDFE03759DFE0B" bold="true" box="[1116,1246,483,509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Metasoma</emphasis>
: basal width of median tergite of the first metasomal segment/apical width of median tergite of the first metasomal segment = 1.38; length of median tergite of the first metasomal segment/apical width of median tergite of the first metasomal segment = 2.74; hypopygium length =
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; ovipositor length/hind tibial length = 1.05; first metasomal tergite with dorsolateral longitudinal carinae extending from anterior edge approximately three­fourths of the length of tergite (
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A), area between dorsolateral carinae smooth to just posterad spiracles, weakly rugose to just anterad the smooth apex, sublaterally with longitudinal carinae extending over entire length, short lateral carinae running from sublateral carinae to lateral edge creating large fovea/areolae posterad spiracles, spiracles protruding on flange­like extensions; median tergite 2 with middle arm of E­shaped sclerotization extending into posterior half of tergite but ending before posterior margin of tergite (Figure 1B), E­shaped sclerotization smooth, remainder of second median tergite weakly sclerotized, with sparse setation; median tergite 3 with sparse setation, without apparent sclerotization medially and posterad middle arm of E­shaped sclerotization on T2.
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<emphasis id="CACEEAE7944EA20BFED9FBDC70E8FBA0" bold="true" box="[312,427,1084,1110]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Variation</emphasis>
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female; antenna with 24 flagellomeres
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<emphasis id="CACEEAE7944EA20BFED9FB8470D5FB88" bold="true" box="[312,406,1124,1150]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Biology</emphasis>
— Unknown
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<emphasis id="CACEEAE7944EA20BFED9FB6C7034FB50" bold="true" box="[312,375,1164,1190]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Male</emphasis>
— Unknown.
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<emphasis id="CACEEAE7944EA20BFED9FB547368FB38" bold="true" box="[312,555,1204,1230]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Material Examined</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="27018857944EA20BFDB7FB547380FB38" box="[598,707,1204,1230]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female: UCF, FL. Orange Co. Orlando,
<date id="8C041035944EA20BFB43FB547465FB38" box="[1186,1318,1204,1230]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1999-10-19">X­19­1999</date>
, Malaise Trap. Deposited in the American Entomological Institute. Second label: Pine Pond Comm[unity] Dahoon Holly (S), P. Russel, T. Smith, S. Fullerton. Third label:
<collectionCode id="9EABAE30944EA20BFEE9FACC7016FAB0" box="[264,341,1324,1350]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jmgc-zvz7" name="University of Central Florida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">UCFC</collectionCode>
0 0 49 658.
<typeStatus id="27018857944EA20BFE0DFACC7310FAB0" box="[492,595,1324,1350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
female: FLORIDA, Orange Co. Walt Disney World,
<date id="8C041035944EA20BFB09FACC70C3FA98" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1997-07-10" valueMax="1997-07-17" valueMin="1997-07-10">10­17 July 1997</date>
, Z. Prusak, S. Fullerton. Deposited in the Florida State Collection of Arthropods. Second label: MW­7 (unburned) S22 T24S R27E, Sand Pine/Oak Scrub, Malaise Trap.
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<emphasis id="CACEEAE7944BA20EFEE9FD647546FD68" bold="true" box="[264,1029,644,670]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Key to described species of
<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D76944BA20EFDBEFD647546FD68" ID-CoL="4DKG" ID-ENA="389701" authority="Whitfield and Mason" authorityName="Whitfield and Mason" box="[607,1029,644,670]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CACEEAE7944BA20EFDBEFD6473B6FD68" bold="true" box="[607,757,644,670]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Epsilogaster</emphasis>
Whitfield and Mason
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0A0657E944BA20CFEE9FD2F7469FD30" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="key">
<keyStep id="434E2E50944BA20EFEE9FD2F7468FCE7" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<paragraph id="F80536F5944BA20EFEE9FD2F746FFD1F" blockId="1.[264,1326,719,1905]" box="[264,1324,719,745]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<keyLead id="434B95C0944BA20EFEE9FD2F746FFD1F" box="[264,1324,719,745]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1 Head and mesosoma black to dark brown..................................................................... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80536F5944BA20EFEE9FD177468FCE7" blockId="1.[264,1326,719,1905]" box="[264,1323,759,785]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<keyLead id="434B95C0944BA20EFEE9FD177468FCE7" box="[264,1323,759,785]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">­ Head and mesosoma fulvous, sometimes shaded with brownish infuscation............... 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="434E2E50944BA20EFEE9FCFF746EFB8F" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<paragraph id="F80536F5944BA20EFEE9FCFF7469FC2F" blockId="1.[264,1326,719,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<keyLead id="434B95C0944BA20EFEE9FCFF7469FC2F" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
2 Transverse carinae of propodeum not complete, interrupted by median areola; median areola with transverse carinae across it, but not contiguous with transverse carinae outside areola; antenna with 23 flagellomeres; first metasomal tergite about 1.5 times as long as maximum anterior width, with medial portions flattened or barely raised.........
<emphasis id="CACEEAE7944BA20EFEDAFC5F757DFC2E" box="[315,1086,959,984]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
.........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D76944BA20EFC28FC5F757DFC2E" ID-CoL="6FZ34" authority="Whitfield &amp; Mason" authorityName="Whitfield &amp; Mason" box="[969,1086,959,984]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">E. bicolor</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Whitfield &amp; Mason
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80536F5944BA20EFEE9FC07746EFB8F" blockId="1.[264,1326,719,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<keyLead id="434B95C0944BA20EFEE9FC07746EFB8F" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">­ At least 1 transverse carina of propodeum complete through median areola; first metasomal tergite about 2 times as long as maximum width, if shorter, then second metasomal tergum with well defined E­shape structure; medial portion variable; antennal flagellomere number variable ....................................................................................... 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="434E2E50944BA20EFEE9FB677468FA9F" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<paragraph id="F80536F5944BA20EFEE9FB677469FB07" blockId="1.[264,1326,719,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<keyLead id="434B95C0944BA20EFEE9FB677469FB07" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
3 First metasomal tergite with medial portion raised in lateral view; antenna with 22 flagellomeres; propodeum with one clearly defined transverse carinae .........................
<emphasis id="CACEEAE7944BA20EFEDAFB37757DFB06" box="[315,1086,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
......................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D76944BA20EFC54FB37757DFB06" ID-CoL="6FZ2Q" authority="Whitfield &amp; Mason" authorityName="Whitfield &amp; Mason" box="[949,1086,1239,1264]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palenque">E. palenque</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Whitfield &amp; Mason
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80536F5944BA20EFEE9FB1F7468FA9F" blockId="1.[264,1326,719,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<keyLead id="434B95C0944BA20EFEE9FB1F7468FA9F" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">­ First metasomal tergite not raised medially in lateral view, number of antennal flagellomeres variable; propodeum with more than one clearly defined transverse carina ....................................................................................................................................... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="434E2E50944BA20EFEE9FA977469F90F" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<paragraph id="F80536F5944BA20EFEE9FA977469F9C7" blockId="1.[264,1326,719,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<keyLead id="434B95C0944BA20EFEE9FA977469F9C7" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
4 Metapleuron usually without rugulose sculpturing over most of its length; if rugulose sculpturing present on metapleuron, then it is present only over distal third; mesopleuron smooth except for sternaulus multifoveate and subalar depression with scattered striate sculpturing; antenna with 22 to 24 flagellomeres; propodeum with few transversal carinae present
<emphasis id="CACEEAE7944BA20EFDF7F9F772A1F9C6" box="[534,994,1559,1584]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
.............................................
<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D76944BA20EFC85F9F772A1F9C6" ID-CoL="6FYR7" authority="Figueroa, Lopez &amp; Valerio" authorityName="Figueroa, Lopez &amp; Valerio" box="[868,994,1559,1584]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williami">E. williami</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Figueroa, López &amp; Valerio
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80536F5944BA20EFEE9F9DF7469F90F" blockId="1.[264,1326,719,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<keyLead id="434B95C0944BA20EFEE9F9DF7469F90F" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
­ Metapleuron with prominent carinae and spaced rugulose sculpturing over most of its surface; mesopleuron essentially nitid except for sternaulus with large scrobiculate sculpturing that reaches and fuses with scrobiculate sculpturing from posterior and dorsal margins of mesopleuron; antenna with more than 24 flagellomeres; propodeum with transversal carina throughout
<emphasis id="CACEEAE7944BA20EFD2CF93F757BF90E" box="[717,1080,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
...............................
<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D76944BA20EFC55F93F757BF90E" ID-CoL="6FZ2S" authority="Valerio &amp; Whitfield" authorityName="Valerio &amp; Whitfield" box="[948,1080,1759,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antoniae">E. antoniae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Valerio &amp; Whitfield
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="434E2E50944BA20DFEE9F8E77469FE20" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<paragraph id="F80536F5944BA20EFEE9F8E7746DF8BF" blockId="1.[264,1326,719,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<keyLead id="434B95C0944BA20EFEE9F8E7746DF8BF" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
5 Longitudinal carina of first median metasomal tergite strong to at least midlength of tergum (
<figureCitation id="60812A70944BA20EFE7BF8CF70B8F8BF" box="[410,507,1839,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,368,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[273,1313,579,1757]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[269,1320,1071,1758]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female Epsilogaster fullertoni n. sp., A, dorsal view of median tergite of the first metasomal segment, illustrating dorsolateral carina; B, dorsal view of second median metasomal tergite illustrating length of median arm of E­shaped sclerotization; C, fore­ and hind wings illustrating 3 RSb vein and r­m crossvein of forewing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169497/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figure 1</figureCitation>
A); sometimes very near lateral edge of tergite posteriorly ............... 6
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80536F5944BA20EFEE9F8B77469F887" blockId="1.[264,1326,719,1905]" box="[264,1322,1879,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<keyLead id="434B95C0944BA20EFEE9F8B77469F887" box="[264,1322,1879,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">­ Longitudinal carina of first median metasomal tergite weak or so laterally placed as to</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80536F59448A20DFED9FEFC7469FE20" blockId="2.[264,1323,284,470]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
be difficult to discern..................................................................................................... 8 6 Middle arm of E­shaped sclerotization of second tergite ending abruptly at or before midlength of tergite ....................................................................................................... 7
<keyLead id="434B95C09448A20DFEE9FE747469FE20" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
­ Middle arm of E­shaped sclerotization of second tergite ending posterior to midlength of tergite (
<figureCitation id="60812A709448A20DFE50FE5C7351FE20" box="[433,530,444,470]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,368,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[273,1313,579,1757]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[269,1320,1071,1758]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female Epsilogaster fullertoni n. sp., A, dorsal view of median tergite of the first metasomal segment, illustrating dorsolateral carina; B, dorsal view of second median metasomal tergite illustrating length of median arm of E­shaped sclerotization; C, fore­ and hind wings illustrating 3 RSb vein and r­m crossvein of forewing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169497/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 1</figureCitation>
B)
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79448A20DFDD5FE5C75F3FE23" box="[564,1200,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
...................................................................
<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D769448A20DFBC3FE5C75F3FE23" ID-CoL="6FYR2" authority="Pitz" authorityName="Pitz" box="[1058,1200,444,469]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fullertoni" status="sp. nov.">E. fullertoni</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Pitz
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1FD579C9448A20DFB0DFE5C7469FE20" box="[1260,1322,444,470]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<caption id="ACC5667D9448A20DFEE9F9087257F89E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169497/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[273,1313,579,1757]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="F80536F59448A20DFEE9F9087257F89E" blockId="2.[264,1323,1768,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79448A20DFEE9F90870CEF8F6" bold="true" box="[264,397,1768,1792]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Female
<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D769448A20DFE18F90973AEF8F6" ID-CoL="6FYR2" box="[505,749,1769,1792]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fullertoni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79448A20DFE18F90973AEF8F6" box="[505,749,1769,1792]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Epsilogaster fullertoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1FD579C9448A20DFD16F9097276F8F6" box="[759,821,1769,1792]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, A, dorsal view of median tergite of the first metasomal segment, illustrating dorsolateral carina; B, dorsal view of second median metasomal tergite illustrating length of median arm of E­shaped sclerotization; C, fore­ and hind wings illustrating 3RSb vein and r­m crossvein of forewing.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<keyStep id="434E2E509449A20CFEE9FEFC7468FE58" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F80536F59449A20CFEE9FEFC7468FEA8" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="434B95C09449A20CFEE9FEFC7468FEA8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
7 Surface of posterior half of first tergite smooth; ovipositor sheaths strongly darkened relative to metasoma
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79449A20CFDD5FEA47568FEAB" box="[564,1067,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
....................................................
<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D769449A20CFC59FEA47568FEAB" ID-CoL="6FZ2P" authority="Whitfield and Mason" authorityName="Whitfield and Mason" box="[952,1067,324,349]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dureno">E. dureno</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Whitfield and Mason
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80536F59449A20CFEE9FE8C7468FE58" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="434B95C09449A20CFEE9FE8C7468FE58" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
­ Surface of nearly entire length of first metasomal tergite coarsely sculptured; ovipositor sheaths weakly, if at all, darkened
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79449A20CFD13FE747569FE5B" box="[754,1066,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
................................
<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D769449A20CFC00FE747569FE5B" ID-CoL="6FYQV" authority="Whitfield and Mason" authorityName="Whitfield and Mason" box="[993,1066,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tico">E. tico</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Whitfield and Mason
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="434E2E509449A20CFEE9FE5C746FFDD0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F80536F59449A20CFEE9FE5C7468FE08" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="434B95C09449A20CFEE9FE5C7468FE08" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
8 First metasomal tergite about 1.5 times long as maximal width.....................................
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79449A20CFEDAFE047569FE0B" box="[315,1066,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
...............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D769449A20CFC62FE047569FE0B" ID-CoL="6FYQP" authority="Whitfield and Mason" authorityName="Whitfield and Mason" box="[899,1066,484,509]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="braziliensis">E. braziliensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Whitfield and Mason
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80536F59449A20CFEE9FDEC746FFDD0" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,710]" box="[264,1324,524,550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="434B95C09449A20CFEE9FDEC746FFDD0" box="[264,1324,524,550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">­ First metasomal tergite more than 2.0 times long as maximal width............................ 9</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="434E2E509449A20CFEE9FDD47469FD30" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F80536F59449A20CFEE9FDD47468FD80" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="434B95C09449A20CFEE9FDD47468FD80" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
9 Wings not infuscate; propodeum with one transverse carina in anterior third that does not pass through the elongate areola
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79449A20CFD02FDBC7569FD83" box="[739,1066,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
...........................
<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D769449A20CFC4AFDBC7569FD83" ID-CoL="6FZ32" authority="Whitfield and Mason" authorityName="Whitfield and Mason" box="[939,1066,604,629]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panama">E. panama</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Whitfield and Mason
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80536F59449A20CFEE9FD647469FD30" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="434B95C09449A20CFEE9FD647469FD30" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
­ Wings infuscate; propodeum with a series of transverse carinae, some of which pass through the elongate areola
<emphasis id="CACEEAE79449A20CFD9CFD4C7566FD33" box="[637,1061,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
........................................
<taxonomicName id="3FBA4D769449A20CFC46FD4C7566FD33" ID-CoL="6FYQQ" authority="Valerio and Whitfield" authorityName="Valerio and Whitfield" box="[935,1061,684,709]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Epsilogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faviolae">E. faviolae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Valerio and Whitfield
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">160340</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127883697" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70148D7541E600510A7EDA65E2B9AFAE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70148D7541E600510A7EDA65E2B9AFAE" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
5.
<taxonomicName LSID="70148D75-41E6-0051-0A7E-DA65E2B9AFAE" authority="L. Sp. Pl. 1: 380 1753, descr. emended E. Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis" authorityName="L. Sp. Pl. 1: 380" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia" order="Fabales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Caesalpinia L. Sp. Pl. 1: 380 1753, descr. emended E. Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 10. Caesalpinia cassioides Willd. A median leaflet B, C median leaflets (to show variation) D inflorescence E, F stem armature G flower H calyx opened out I calyx margin J median petal K upper lateral petal, L stamen M gynoecium N stigma O leaf and immature fruits P single immature fruit. A, D, E, Q from Mayolo 325 B, C, R from Silverstone-Sopkin 2004 F from Sandeman 4613 G-P from Silverstone-Sopkin 5139. Drawn by Sue Wickison." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.71.9203.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/106290" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 10</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 11. Caesalpinia bahamensis Lam. A inflorescence D fruits (G. P. Lewis, Cuba, Lewis 1853 (K )). Caesalpinia nipensis Urb. B flowers E fruits (G. P. Lewis, Cuba, Lewis 1838 (K )). Caesalpinia cassioides Willd. C inflorescence (C. E. Hughes, Ancash, Peru, Hughes et al. 2228 (K )). Caesalpinia pulcherrima L. (Sw.) F inflorescence (C. E. Hughes, Sonora, Mexico, unvouchered); Denisophytum pauciflorum (Griseb.) E. Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis G flower and leaves (G. P. Lewis, Cuba, Lewis 1854 (K )) H branch with spine-tipped woody protuberances (B. Torke, Cuba, Torke et al. 1424 (NY )). Denisophytum madagascariense R. Vig. I flowers and fruits (G. P. Lewis, Madagascar, Lewis et al. 2158 (K )). Gelrebia trothae (Harms) E. Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis J inflorescence (P. J. Cribb, Tanzania, unvouchered)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.71.9203.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/106395" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">, 11A-F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Poinciana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poinciana" order="Fabales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<pageBreakToken pageId="27" pageNumber="28" start="start">Poinciana</pageBreakToken>
</taxonomicName>
L., in part (1753).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName authorityName="O.Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="DC." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Brasilettia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Brasilettia" order="Fabales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Brasilettia</taxonomicName>
(DC.) Kuntze (1891), non sensu Britton &amp; Rose (1930).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName authorityName="L. Sp. Pl. 1: 380" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia" order="Fabales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Caesalpinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Guilandina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Guilandina" order="Fabales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Guilandina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs in habit, comprising armed shrubs and small trees (vs. armed lianas and scrambling/trailing shrubs). It also differs in having racemes of bisexual flowers (vs. racemes of unisexual flowers), sepals imbricate in bud, with a pronounced lower cucullate sepal (vs. sepals valvate in bud), zygomorphic corollas variable in colour (yellow, white, red, orange, pink or green), with petals extending well beyond the sepals (vs. zygomorphic to sub-actinomorphic, yellow corollas, with petals barely extending beyond the sepals), coriaceous, oblong-elliptic to linear, laterally compressed, glabrous pods (vs. oblong-elliptic inflated pods, usually armed with 5-10 mm long spinescent bristles), and obovoid, laterally compressed seeds (vs. obovoid globular seeds).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia brasiliensis" order="Fabales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Caesalpinia brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Emended description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Shrubs or small trees, usually 1-6 m tall, armed with curved deflexed prickles (except
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia nipensis" order="Fabales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nipensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Caesalpinia nipensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which is unarmed), these either in pairs at the base of leaves, or scattered along the shoots (or both), or sometimes on woody protuberances at the base of trunks and stems; young shoots terete, glabrous and eglandular. Stipules not seen. Leaves alternate, bipinnate, c. 4-30 cm long, ending with a pair of pinnae, unarmed, or sometimes with a pair of prickles at the insertion of the pinnae on the leaf rachis, sometimes also at the insertions of the leaflets on the pinna rachis; pinnae opposite, in (1-) 2-6 pairs per leaf; leaflets alternate to opposite, in 3-13 pairs per pinna, short-petiolulate, blades suborbicular, obovate or elliptic, apex mucronate, rounded or emarginate, base cuneiform, rounded or oblique; main vein centric, secondary veins reticulate. Inflorescence a terminal or axillary raceme or panicle of pedicellate, bisexual flowers, c. 5-37 cm long, unarmed; bracts lanceolate or ovate, apex acute to acuminate, caducous. Flowers zygomorphic, c. 13-25 mm long; calyx comprising a hypanthium with 5 sepals, that are each c. 7-17 mm long, glabrous to occasionally finely puberulous, always eglandular, the lower sepal strongly cucullate and covering the other 4 sepals in bud, all sepals caducous, but hypanthium persistent as a free ring around the pedicel as the fruit matures; petals 5, variable in colour (yellow, white, red, orange, or green; certain horticultural varieties are also pink), the corolla also variable in shape (related to different pollination systems: bees, butterflies, birds and bats); stamens 10, free, c. 10-65 mm long, the filaments pubescent, eglandular; ovary glabrous and eglandular. Fruit a wingless, unarmed, coriaceous, glabrous, eglandular, oblong-elliptic, or linear pod, with a marcescent style forming an acute
<pageBreakToken pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">apex</pageBreakToken>
, c. 34-120
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
7-26 mm, explosively dehiscent, with twisting valves, 3-7-seeded. Seeds laterally compressed, obovate, up to 10 mm in diameter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Geographic distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName authorityName="L. Sp. Pl. 1: 380" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caesalpinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as re-circumscribed here, is reduced to around nine species (a detailed taxonomic revision is needed to properly delimit species), and is now restricted to the Neotropics (apart from the pantropically cultivated
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia pulcherrima" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caesalpinia pulcherrima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). All the Old World species previously included in
<taxonomicName authorityName="L. Sp. Pl. 1: 380" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caesalpinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.s. sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Lewis, GP" editor="Lewis, G" journalOrPublisher="Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, Richmond" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="127 - 159" refId="B80" refString="Lewis, GP, 2005. Tribe Caesalpinieae. In: Lewis, G, Schrire, B, Mackinder, B, Lock, M, Eds., Legumes of the World. Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, Richmond: 127 - 159" title="Tribe Caesalpinieae." volumeTitle="Legumes of the World." year="2005">Lewis (2005)</bibRefCitation>
are here transferred to other genera. One species (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia cassioides" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cassioides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caesalpinia cassioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) occurs in the northern Andes from Peru to Colombia, one (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia pulcherrima" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caesalpinia pulcherrima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is likely native in Guatemala and the state of Sonora in Mexico), two occur in the Caribbean (one,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia nipensis" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nipensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caesalpinia nipensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is endemic to Cuba, the other widely distributed and possibly divisible into six separate species, all of which are listed below).
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia pulcherrima" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caesalpinia pulcherrima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a widely cultivated ornamental throughout the tropics. It includes red, orange, pink, and pure yellow-flowered forms and cultivated specimens are usually unarmed and lack bristles (unlike wild specimens which are armed and bristly).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Seasonally dry tropical forests, coastal thicket, bushland and thorn scrub, dry plains and riparian woodland, on soils derived from limestone or sandstone.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Named by Linnaeus for Andrea Cesalpino (1519-1603), Italian naturalist, botanical collector, systematist and philosopher, physician to Pope Clement VIII, professor of medicine and botany in Pisa and Rome.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="references">
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">References.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<bibRefCitation author="Britton, NL" journalOrPublisher="North American Flora" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="301 - 342" refId="B13" refString="Britton, NL, Rose, JN, 1930. Caesalpiniaceae, Krameriaceae, (Rosales). North American Flora 23: 301 - 342" title="Caesalpiniaceae, Krameriaceae, (Rosales)." volume="23" year="1930">Britton and Rose (1930)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Macbride, JF" editor="Macbride, JF" journalOrPublisher="Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="188 - 197" refId="B89" refString="Macbride, JF, 1943. Caesalpinia L. In: Macbride, JF, Ed., Flora of Peru, vol. 8, part 3, no. 1: Leguminosae. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA: 188 - 197" title="Caesalpinia L." volumeTitle="Flora of Peru, vol. 8, part 3, no. 1: Leguminosae." year="1943">Macbride (1943</bibRefCitation>
: 191, 194-195);
<bibRefCitation author="Ulibarri, EA" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="299 - 348" refId="B142" refString="Ulibarri, EA, 1996. Sinopsis de Caesalpinia y Hoffmannseggia (Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae) de Sud America. Darwiniana 34 (1-4): 299 - 348" title="Sinopsis de Caesalpinia y Hoffmannseggia (Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae) de Sud America." volume="34" year="1996">Ulibarri (1996)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Barreto Valdes, A" journalOrPublisher="Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refId="B5" refString="Barreto Valdes, A, 2013. Flora de la Republica de Cuba. Serie A, Plantas vasculares. Fasciculo 18. Caesalpiniaceae. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, 210 pp." title="Flora de la Republica de Cuba. Serie A, Plantas vasculares. Fasciculo 18. Caesalpiniaceae" year="2013">
Barreto
<normalizedToken originalValue="Valdés">Valdes</normalizedToken>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="982527" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.71.9203.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/106290" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 10" startId="F13">
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia cassioides" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cassioides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caesalpinia cassioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Willd.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
median leaflet
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">B, C</emphasis>
median leaflets (to show variation)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
inflorescence
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">E, F</emphasis>
stem armature
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">G</emphasis>
flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">H</emphasis>
calyx opened out
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">I</emphasis>
calyx margin
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">J</emphasis>
median petal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K</emphasis>
upper lateral petal,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">L</emphasis>
stamen
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">M</emphasis>
gynoecium
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">N</emphasis>
stigma
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O</emphasis>
leaf and immature fruits
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
single immature fruit.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A, D, E, Q</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Mayolo</emphasis>
325
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">B, C, R</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Silverstone-Sopkin</emphasis>
2004
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sandeman</emphasis>
4613
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">G-P</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Silverstone-Sopkin</emphasis>
5139. Drawn by Sue Wickison.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="982529" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.71.9203.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/106395" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 11" startId="F14">
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia bahamensis" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bahamensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caesalpinia bahamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lam.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
inflorescence
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
fruits (G. P. Lewis, Cuba,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Lewis 1853</emphasis>
(K)).
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia nipensis" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nipensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caesalpinia nipensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Urb.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
flowers
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">E</emphasis>
fruits (G. P. Lewis, Cuba,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Lewis 1838</emphasis>
(K)).
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia cassioides" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cassioides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caesalpinia cassioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Willd.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
inflorescence (C. E. Hughes, Ancash, Peru,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Hughes et al. 2228</emphasis>
(K)).
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia pulcherrima" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caesalpinia pulcherrima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (Sw.)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
inflorescence (C. E. Hughes, Sonora, Mexico,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">unvouchered</emphasis>
);
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="E. Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis" baseAuthorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Denisophytum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Denisophytum pauciflorum" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pauciflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Denisophytum pauciflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Griseb.) E. Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">G</emphasis>
flower and leaves (G. P. Lewis, Cuba,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Lewis 1854</emphasis>
(K))
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">H</emphasis>
branch with spine-tipped woody protuberances (B. Torke, Cuba,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Torke et al. 1424</emphasis>
(NY)).
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Denisophytum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Denisophytum madagascariense" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="madagascariense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Denisophytum madagascariense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
R. Vig.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">I</emphasis>
flowers and fruits (G. P. Lewis, Madagascar,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Lewis et al. 2158</emphasis>
(K)).
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="E. Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis" baseAuthorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Gelrebia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gelrebia trothae" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trothae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Gelrebia trothae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Harms) E. Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">J</emphasis>
inflorescence (P.J. Cribb, Tanzania,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">unvouchered</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.221.3234" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b6521187-a030-4b18-8f9d-f35084c9336a" ID-PMC="PMC3487634" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-221-31" ID-PubMed="23129980" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-221-31" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 221" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the Megachile subgenus Litomegachile Mitchell with an illustrated key and description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae, Megachilini)" checkinTime="1451248746570" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bzdyk, Emily L." docDate="2012" docId="7014D53FE141A1B515686F1BCA26D53A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 221: 31-61" docOrigin="ZooKeys 221" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.221.3234" docTitle="Megachile (Litomegachile) brevis Say 1837" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="CB68FFB2082C476FFFF5FFD7FFFB0B6B" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Megachile subgenus Litomegachile Mitchell with an illustrated key and description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae, Megachilini)" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1668154456179" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A revision of the Megachile subgenus Litomegachile Mitchell with an illustrated key and description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae, Megachilini)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Bzdyk, Emily L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>221</mods:number>
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<mods:start>31</mods:start>
<mods:end>61</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.221.3234</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.221.3234</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-221-31</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037029" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7014D53FE141A1B515686F1BCA26D53A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7014D53FE141A1B515686F1BCA26D53A" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Megachile_brevis" authority="Say, 1837" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1837" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile (Litomegachile) brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis" subGenus="Litomegachile">Megachile (Litomegachile) brevis Say, 1837</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="37" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Megachile brevis</taxonomicName>
Say, 1837: 407. Syntypes male and female, USA: Indiana (destroyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lanuginosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosa">Megachile lanuginosa</taxonomicName>
Smith, 1853: 190. Syntypes male, female, USA: Florida (BMNH).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile nupta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nupta">Megachile nupta</taxonomicName>
Cresson, 1872: 268.Lectotype female, USA: Texas (USNM).
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile perbrevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perbrevis">Megachile perbrevis</taxonomicName>
Cresson, 1878: 127. Lectotype male, USA: Texas (USNM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Megachile brevis</taxonomicName>
most closely resembles
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile onobrychidis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="onobrychidis">Megachile onobrychidis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile pseudobrevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudobrevis">Megachile pseudobrevis</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile coquilletti" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coquilletti">Megachile coquilletti</taxonomicName>
. The female can be separated from these species by the combination of the ivory colored scopa, with a few black setae apically on S6, and with a small
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="38" start="start">amount</pageBreakToken>
of white appressed pubescence apically on T6 (Figure 5A). The comparable species have more black setae and no white appressed pubescence on T6. The male has brown tarsi that distinguish it from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile coquilletti" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coquilletti">Megachile coquilletti</taxonomicName>
(Figure 4E), and a tomentum on T6 which distinguishes it from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile onobrychidis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="onobrychidis">Megachile onobrychidis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Female. Body length9-12 mm. Mandible 4-toothed, with no angulation between teeth 3 and 4 (Figure 4A). Head with white pubescence, vertex with black pubescence. Mesosoma with white pubescence, scutum with black pubescence. T2-3 with deep transverse basal grooves, T4 with shallow groove. T1 with white pubescence, T2 with white pubescence basally and black pubescence apically, T3-5 with black pubescence. T6 convex basally and concave apically in profile, and concave laterally in dorsal view; with black erect setae basally and black appressed pubescence, with some white appressed pubescence apically. S1-5 with ivory setae; S6 with ivory setae and few black setae apically (Figure 5A).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Male. Body length7-9 mm. Mandible 3-toothed.Ocellocular distance equal to ocelloccipital distance (Figure 4D). Head with white pubescence. All mesosomal pubescence white or ivory (may appear yellow in early season specimens). T1-5 with white discal pubescence. T5 with complete apical fringe of white hair that covers marginal zone. T6 with tomentum (Figure 6G); transverse carina variable in shape, but usually with indistinct medial notch and asymmetrical jagged projections; true apical margin with submedial teeth closer to lateral teeth than each other (Figure 6B). Genitalia and hidden sterna shown in Figures 7A1-A4.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="38" type="variability">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Variability.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="38">The transverse carina of the male can vary significantly in this species, with some specimens barely showing any medial emargination, but most with jagged projections, where others have a medial notch.Females can have a few black scopal setae on S6 or all ivory colored scopae.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Distribution of material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="38">USA: California: Calaveras, Lake, Orange, Placer, Riverside, Sacramento, San Diego, San Joaquin, Siskiyou Tulare and Yolo Counties (May-Oct.); Colorado: Weld County (Sep.); Idaho: Bingham County (Jun.); Nebraska: Dawes County (Aug.); New Mexico: Eddy County (Oct.); Nevada: Churchill County (Jun); New York: Suffolk County (Aug.); Oklahoma: Marshall and Oklahoma Counties (Apr.); Oregon: Jackson County (Sep.); Texas: Gregg and Tyler Counties (Jun.-Sep.); Utah: Garfield and Washington Counties (Apr.-Sep.); 67 females, 68 males.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
<bibRefCitation author="Michener, CD" journalOrPublisher="University of Kansas Science Bulletin" pageId="22" pageNumber="53" pagination="1659 - 1748" title="The biology of a leafcutter bee (Megachile brevis) and its associates." volume="35" year="1953">Michener (1953)</bibRefCitation>
published a detailed biology of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Megachile brevis</taxonomicName>
including a description of nest making, provisioning and development.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Megachile brevis</taxonomicName>
flies during the warmest parts of the year, with two to four generations per year, depending on locality and resources. It disperses widely from its natal site. Michener found that flower sources used by this species are diverse, but female bees tend to have a preference for blue, purple and white flowers, and a general faithfulness to a single type of pollen per collecting trip. Megachile brevis nested in a variety of situations, always nesting in preexisting hollows, including stems, burrows of other insects, dense foliage or spaces between rocks (
<bibRefCitation author="Michener, CD" journalOrPublisher="University of Kansas Science Bulletin" pageId="22" pageNumber="53" pagination="1659 - 1748" title="The biology of a leafcutter bee (Megachile brevis) and its associates." volume="35" year="1953">Michener 1953</bibRefCitation>
). He also observed that
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Megachile brevis</taxonomicName>
hunted for nesting sites by flying a few inches above the ground, and tended to nest near the soil surface. Larvae go through at least 4 instars (
<bibRefCitation author="Baker, JR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="22" pageNumber="53" pagination="290 - 313" title="Nests and immature stages of leafcutter bees (Hymenoptera: Megachile)." volume="58" year="1985">Baker et al. 1985</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Megachile brevis</taxonomicName>
nests are parasitized
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="39" start="start">by</pageBreakToken>
a variety of species, including the megachilids
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Coelioxys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coelioxys sayi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sayi">Coelioxys sayi</taxonomicName>
Robertson and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Coelioxys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coelioxys octodentata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octodentata">Coelioxys octodentata</taxonomicName>
Say, a clerid beetle (
<taxonomicName genus="Phyllobeanus" lsidName="Phyllobeanus" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Phyllobeanus</taxonomicName>
sp.), and wasps, including
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Aprostocetus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aprostocetus coelioxydis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coelioxydis">Aprostocetus coelioxydis</taxonomicName>
Burks (
<taxonomicName family="Eulophidae" lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="family">Eulophidae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Leucospidae" genus="Leucospis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucospis affinis subsp. affinis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="affinis" subSpecies="affinis">Leucospis affinis affinis</taxonomicName>
Say (
<taxonomicName family="Leucospidae" lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="family">Leucospidae</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Melittobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melittobia chalybii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chalybii">Melittobia chalybii</taxonomicName>
Ashmead (
<taxonomicName family="Eulophidae" lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="family">Eulophidae</taxonomicName>
) (Baker, 1985).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" type="flower records">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="39">Flower records.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="8" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Ailanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ailanthus" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ailanthus</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName genus="Simaroubaceae" lsidName="Simaroubaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Simaroubaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Amorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amorpha canescens" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canescens">Amorpha canescens</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Baptisia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Baptisia" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Baptisia</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaecrista">Cassia chamaecrista</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea jacea" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jacea">Centaurea jacea</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Erigeron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Erigeron philadelphicus" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="philadelphicus">Erigeron philadelphicus</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagopyrum esculentum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculentum">Fagopyrum esculentum</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Polygonaceae" lsidName="Polygonaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Polygonaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Fallugia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fallugia paradoxa" order="Rosales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradoxa">Fallugia paradoxa</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Rosaceae" lsidName="Rosaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gossypium" order="Malvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Gossypium</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName genus="Malvaceae" lsidName="Malvaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Grindelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Grindelia squarrosa" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="squarrosa">Grindelia squarrosa</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Helianthus maximiliani" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maximiliani">Helianthus maximiliani</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Helianthus tuberosus" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuberosus">Helianthus tuberosus</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Heliopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Heliopsis scabra" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabra">Heliopsis scabra</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Kuhnistera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Kuhnistera purpurea" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpurea">Kuhnistera purpurea</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Kuhnistera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Kuhnistera oligophylla" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligophylla">Kuhnistera oligophylla</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Lactuca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lactuca pulchella" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">Lactuca pulchella</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Machaeranthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Machaeranthera tanacetifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tanacetifolia">Machaeranthera tanacetifolia</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Marrubium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="40" lsidName="Marrubium vul subsp. gare" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="vul" subSpecies="gare">
Marrubium vul
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="40" start="start">gare</pageBreakToken>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Lamiaceae" lsidName="Lamiaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Medicago" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Medicago sativa" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">Medicago sativa</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melilotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melilotus alba" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alba">Melilotus alba</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melilotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melilotus officinalis" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinalis">Melilotus officinalis</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" genus="Mentzelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mentzelia" order="Cornales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Mentzelia</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName genus="Loasaceae" lsidName="Loasaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Loasaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Meriolix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Meriolix serrulata" order="Myrtales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrulata">Meriolix serrulata</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Onagraceae" lsidName="Onagraceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Onagraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oxalidaceae" genus="Oxalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oxalis violacea" order="Oxalidales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="violacea">Oxalis violacea</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Oxalidaceae" lsidName="Oxalidaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Oxalidaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Phyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyla incisa" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incisa">Phyla incisa</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Verbenaceae" lsidName="Verbenaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Polygonum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polygonum aubertii" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aubertii">Polygonum aubertii</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Polygonaceae" lsidName="Polygonaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Polygonaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Polygonum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polygonum hydropiperoides" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hydropiperoides">Polygonum hydropiperoides</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Polygonaceae" lsidName="Polygonaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Polygonaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Psoralea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psoralea floribunda" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">Psoralea floribunda</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Schrankia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schrankia uncinata" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uncinata">Schrankia uncinata</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solidago canadensis" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">Solidago canadensis</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solidago nemoralis" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nemoralis">Solidago nemoralis</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solidago rugosa" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugosa">Solidago rugosa</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Symphoricarpos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Symphoricarpos occidentalis" order="Dipsacales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="occidentalis">Symphoricarpos occidentalis</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Caprifoliaceae" lsidName="Caprifoliaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Caprifoliaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Trifolium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Trifolium hybridum" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hybridum">Trifolium hybridum</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia baldwinii" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="baldwinii">Vernonia baldwinii</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="40" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Megachile brevis</taxonomicName>
is the type species of the subgenus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Litomegachile" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litomegachile" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Litomegachile</taxonomicName>
. It ranges across North America, north to southern Saskatchewan, Canada, and south into Mexico. There is also a record from as far south as northern Costa Rica (not shown on map) (
<bibRefCitation author="Ascher, JS" pageId="22" pageNumber="53" title="Discover Life's Global Mapper." url="http://stri.discoverlife.org/mp/20m?act=make_map" year="2011">Ascher and Pickering 2011</bibRefCitation>
) (Figure 8).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
Figure 5.
<normalizedToken originalValue="AI">A-I</normalizedToken>
Lateral view of T5-6 A
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Megachile brevis</taxonomicName>
B
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile coquilletti" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coquilletti">Megachile coquilletti</taxonomicName>
C
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile gentilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gentilis">Megachile gentilis</taxonomicName>
D
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile mendica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendica">Megachile mendica</taxonomicName>
E
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile onobrychidis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="onobrychidis">Megachile onobrychidis</taxonomicName>
F
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile pankus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pankus">Megachile pankus</taxonomicName>
G
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile pseudobrevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudobrevis">Megachile pseudobrevis</taxonomicName>
H
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile snowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="snowi">Megachile snowi</taxonomicName>
I
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="JK">J-K</normalizedToken>
Dorsal view of metasoma J
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
K
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
Figure 6. Male metasomal characters
<normalizedToken originalValue="AB">A-B</normalizedToken>
Ventral view of true apical margin of T6 A Submedial teeth closer to each other than to lateral teeth, or distances equal B Submedial teeth closer to lateral teeth than each other
<normalizedToken originalValue="CI">C-I</normalizedToken>
Male T6 posterior view C
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile gentilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gentilis">Megachile gentilis</taxonomicName>
D
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile mendica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendica">Megachile mendica</taxonomicName>
E
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile snowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="snowi">Megachile snowi</taxonomicName>
F
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile coquilletti" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coquilletti">Megachile coquilletti</taxonomicName>
G
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Megachile brevis</taxonomicName>
H
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile onobrychidis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="onobrychidis">Megachile onobrychidis</taxonomicName>
I
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
. J, K Metasoma dorsal view J
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile gentilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gentilis">Megachile gentilis</taxonomicName>
K male
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile mendica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendica">Megachile mendica</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
Figure 7. Male hidden sterna and genitalia. A
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Megachile brevis</taxonomicName>
:1.S5 2.S6 3.S8 4. genitalia B
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile coquilletti" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coquilletti">Megachile coquilletti</taxonomicName>
: 1. S5 2. S6 3. S8 4. genitalia C
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile gentilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gentilis">Megachile gentilis</taxonomicName>
: 1. S5 2. S6 3. S8 4. genitalia D
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
: 1. S5 2. S6 3. S8 4. genitalia E
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile mendica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendica">Megachile mendica</taxonomicName>
: 1. S5 2. S6 3. S8 4. genitalia F
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile snowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="snowi">Megachile snowi</taxonomicName>
: 1. S5 2. S6 3. S8 4. genitalia G
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
: 1. S5 2. S6 3. S8 4. genitalia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
Figure 8. Distribution of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Megachile brevis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
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<mods:title id="9C3B54528914F84AC2029D3F4820E8B1">Flora Helvetica - Caprifoliaceae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AD9EF30543652CBB4FED57729E493F23">Konrad Lauber</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8408F45D41D9272D97D0ADB145F5684E">Andreas Gygax</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="7014FEF4BB5AB551B4AA586DD8D8976B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10857466" ID-GBIF-Taxon="224053391" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10857466" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7014FEF4BB5AB551B4AA586DD8D8976B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7014FEF4BB5AB551B4AA586DD8D8976B" lastPageNumber="1046" pageNumber="1046">
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<paragraph id="CDB54FC3DB93693851BA830501F9AE28" pageNumber="1046">
<taxonomicName id="283E43F4508FA57FD03D1CB3A1B0EAFC" ID-CoL="7FBXM" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Valeriana" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageNumber="1044" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tripteris">
<emphasis id="7F95547BBA9186CC059124039ED5695F" italics="true" pageNumber="1046">Valeriana tripteris</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B244BFF2D29FF7DD1D4E51D093B693" pageNumber="1046" type="description">
<paragraph id="0D3B39F817376DDA04274AE096DFB6A3" pageNumber="1046">
Artbeschreibung:
<normalizedToken id="9A890B86E9C78B0923DBD2241D81B6C7" originalValue="Ähnlich" pageNumber="1044">Aehnlich</normalizedToken>
wie
<taxonomicName id="65DEE119A1957A97DA69A659BFC80701" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Valeriana" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageNumber="1044" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montana">
<emphasis id="BD9D511E3DCE87479A6E2F1BA924F09A" italics="true" pageNumber="1046">V. montana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, aber
<emphasis id="897651CCC99D42804AC46293C2CCFEF9" bold="true" pageNumber="1046">
<normalizedToken id="9BB00D7569703F458E5CA8B5B8115C3C" originalValue="Blätter" pageNumber="1044">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
der sterilen Triebe am Grund +/-
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, mit groben, seichten
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,
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meist bis zum Grund 3teilig
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(selten 5teilig oder ungeteilt), mit lanzettlichen,
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Seitenabschnitten und
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Endabschnitt.
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<subSubSection id="9E3D70D824B980E40F429EC4BBCC6862" pageNumber="1046" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="BA7139CFED5DCB189C99CA5782C291D4" pageNumber="1046">
<normalizedToken id="53AF2706FC7D21D14EF41201C092260D" originalValue="Blütezeit" pageNumber="1044">Bluetezeit</normalizedToken>
: 4-6
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<paragraph id="92ED4F8F057A0F357A1BB273FF17608F" pageNumber="1046">
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Felsige, schattige Orte, auf Kalk und auf Silikat / (kollin-)montan-subalpin(-alpin) / A, M in
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, J
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</subSubSection>
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Verbreitung global: Mittel- und
<normalizedToken id="EC320E0C49E2A0A753597B2A9F64ACEC" originalValue="südeuropäisch" pageNumber="1044">suedeuropaeisch</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="75318A131A9811BC9E468E9638E73BA2" pageNumber="1046">
<normalizedToken id="09A29CEE72E1D39D242077633B7CED63" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="5D642E0B17B8DD9CA806ADC0240C9902" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." pageNumber="1046" publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
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<tr id="AC2E40D733E56317C1D29E4707711D00" pageNumber="1046">
<th id="85D9854F23DC7382C0891067DDC0DFA6" colspan="2" pageNumber="1046">
<emphasis id="67D61DDB9DDBAC61B19C00ABD0E8458A" bold="true" pageNumber="1046">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8971588EA29981AACBA36D9B0A33ED0C" colspan="2" pageNumber="1046">
<emphasis id="A29B3C2945B183B7AE80036A60F55207" bold="true" pageNumber="1046">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="B3B99F33DE4444425B2199E8A5E92D44" colspan="2" pageNumber="1046">
<emphasis id="B9D2B88C80FA274E752BAEEA18ABD896" bold="true" pageNumber="1046">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35F9B6F79D448B6FFA1262E146F9281E" pageNumber="1046">
<td id="A21F3FA31D2BF120C060B3B02E88E98A" pageNumber="1046">Feuchtezahl F</td>
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<normalizedToken id="D6AB0DE5DBFE4B83FD5195EFE99819E2" originalValue="mässig">maessig</normalizedToken>
feucht
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<td id="77F44F685E7E7DF2A5B8A347279A7731" pageNumber="1046">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="B422C6E850CEF129AF8B0A450C64BB56" pageNumber="1046" style="text-align:left;width:60px">halbschattig</td>
<td id="60F9289BBAE8E0DDDE92734A3A0E8E6A" pageNumber="1046">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="53A0A926908E3687E089CF32FE56CE25" pageNumber="1046" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E37031107E1F0C58723E1B9A95FD18FC" pageNumber="1046">
<td id="5A45357D0D64FA7417743E6D71BA5364" pageNumber="1046">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="188AC7E4C3BED9D2765060ACD19A22AE" pageNumber="1046" style="text-align:left">schwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)</td>
<td id="5C6408E190196AAD925554C9BADB787A" pageNumber="1046">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="5EB0CC92747258BDDA371B05F5B3DA2A" pageNumber="1046" style="text-align:left">unter-subalpin und ober-montan</td>
</tr>
<tr id="63B6E91053DC6BA05B1AA4A0518967D6" pageNumber="1046">
<td id="70C059F033434E3072F88CD3E782C69B" pageNumber="1046">
<normalizedToken id="BBCDA88161F379069421BFFAD571B25E" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
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<normalizedToken id="638399D9E1DDD4B38940EC39A96C296D" originalValue="nährstoffarm">naehrstoffarm</normalizedToken>
</td>
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<normalizedToken id="9355D25AD96D3DAE5661CD82CBDE8B7C" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
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subozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit,
<normalizedToken id="74F8BA144CE4139124C20A239A09E092" originalValue="mässige">maessige</normalizedToken>
Temperaturschwankungen und
<normalizedToken id="C1808174AA47AC1235FE80D2A4ABED9E" originalValue="mässig">maessig</normalizedToken>
tiefe Wintertemperaturen)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9AE3A63795190ACAD77E4A1EA380C58C" pageNumber="1046">
Volksname Deutscher Name:
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Nom
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:
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<normalizedToken id="0C5F51CFA368AC60180C3E9B62FE9675" originalValue="triséquée">trisequee</normalizedToken>
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Nome italiano:
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<taxonomicName id="0CDD49625D915D3A72A7242394FD862F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Valeriana" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Valeriana</taxonomicName>
trifogliata
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<paragraph id="AB9646BD53E589472B555F22D3EC287D" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">Literature records.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FAB67E382F87B23604FD76C559A14E82" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
Morocco (
<bibRefCitation id="BE0EFDDA9DD0FAF60513E7237CB33792" author="Seguy, E" journalOrPublisher="Memoire de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles et Physique du Maroc" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" pagination="1 - 206" title="Contribution a l'etude des Dipteres du Maroc." volume="24" year="1930">
<normalizedToken id="C960C4CCF279A576B46D7C17E23F5C5E" originalValue="Séguy">Seguy</normalizedToken>
1930
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AD03010FF5D92509647214A8DDCCD27B" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B265830A5F0992A0021578C20CFC52E1" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">World distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="43DEB59E005418E87DB375A54C38FD9E" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
North Africa, France, Spain, Austria, Hungary, Italy, Greece, Poland, Iran, Turkey, China (
<bibRefCitation id="C1F21E3BBC3E36B16758F0BE332201FE" author="Norrbom, AL" editor="Thompson, FC" journalOrPublisher="Myia" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" pagination="65 - 251" title="Systematic database of names." volume="9" volumeTitle="Fruit Fly Expert Identification System and Systematic Information Database." year="1999">Norrbom et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="09792A0C32A59088CD03A4C40D0F60E2" author="Merz, B" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique Suisse" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="91 - 98" title="Faunistics of the Tephritidae (Diptera) of the Iberian Peninsula and the Baleares." volume="74" year="2001">Merz 2001</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9FA14A3C0144D322AF505C6E0A5522C8" author="Freidberg, A" journalOrPublisher="Israel Journal of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="295 - 311" title="A new species of Tephritis from Turkey, with a key to the species of the Tephritispulchra Group." url="https://doi.org/10.1560/H0A3-JJBU-RX53-WMXJ" volume="48" year="2002">
Freidberg and
<normalizedToken id="3D349B3E34CAC553FACE4D856DAB049B" originalValue="Kütük">Kuetuek</normalizedToken>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="2176E9607C095D3C261786CC9DD85DB8" author="Mohamadzade Namin, S" journalOrPublisher="Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" pagination="47 - 53" title="The fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Kurdistan Province, with new records for Iranian Fauna." volume="2" year="2011">Mohamadzade Namin and Nozari 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
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<treatment id="70166EA35C55EC6A830094E5275250CD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10858372" ID-GBIF-Taxon="224054033" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10858372" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70166EA35C55EC6A830094E5275250CD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70166EA35C55EC6A830094E5275250CD" lastPageNumber="66" pageNumber="66">
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<taxonomicName id="F168C074475C2B5C49202093F652D841" ID-CoL="6FYJ9" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Equisetaceae" genus="Equisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Equisetales" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palustre">
<emphasis id="2676236190EB1709DF5D2AE7F4DE6022" italics="true" pageNumber="66">Equisetum palustre</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="97C0DD333EDB90DDB296D6928AF51A18" pageNumber="66" type="description">
<paragraph id="45B1812622BD788AE1EFFF1FEC0BB370" pageNumber="66">
Artbeschreibung:
<emphasis id="2E5CBFFE319A8198583892F397C62EB1" bold="true" pageNumber="66">
Fertile und sterile
<normalizedToken id="63B56855F812244E4AFDDD775D3CE1BB" originalValue="Stängel" pageNumber="70">Staengel</normalizedToken>
gleich
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,
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hoch,
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,
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<quantity id="83AC248D6CBCD09B13A2826835599DDD" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="1.0">1-3,5 mm</quantity>
dick
</emphasis>
, tief gefurcht, meist
<normalizedToken id="CBB6158D2A1314C6026A26ECAD42429A" originalValue="quirlig-ästig" pageNumber="70">quirlig-aestig</normalizedToken>
.
<normalizedToken id="5DAD3B8168B80F176B9D23282587131A" originalValue="Äste" pageNumber="70">Aeste</normalizedToken>
5-6kantig, unterstes Astglied
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als die benachbarte
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(bei
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<emphasis id="0753B4EBD241C652D1512B20D4A687A7" italics="true" pageNumber="66">E. arvense</emphasis>
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mind. so lang). Scheiden locker,
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5-8(-10)
<normalizedToken id="40FA899B9FD3CB006C6265FB225555A9" originalValue="zähnig" pageNumber="70">zaehnig</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="FC038A46487706D12400970F7686E182" originalValue="grün" pageNumber="70">gruen</normalizedToken>
mit schwarzbrauner Spitze und weisslichem Rand.
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<normalizedToken id="8971F7A1E1A33DF90AF0FC1CA1B14C35" originalValue="Sporangienähre" pageNumber="70">Sporangienaehre</normalizedToken>
stumpf
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D743786FCCD8AB73311577CE4DDF8A54" pageNumber="66" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="E5DF1525EB1FFB3F2FFB0C6D29229919" pageNumber="66">
<normalizedToken id="801ED4034E0BDBDA58462EE0C2A98D2C" originalValue="Blütezeit" pageNumber="70">Bluetezeit</normalizedToken>
: 6-9
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<paragraph id="C348734F841C6B7CA888398A35C84731" pageNumber="66">
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Sumpfwiesen,
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/ kollin-subalpin(-alpin) / CH
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<paragraph id="AE7CD8996FC4CD6DB02CB84D41BC741A" pageNumber="66">Verbreitung global: Eurasiatisch- nordamerikanisch</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="702C308095A2084168C2EC33D00DBE01" pageNumber="66" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="C1F71490F4CFDBEDEE313B04FF786533" pageNumber="66">
<normalizedToken id="D0F0C9CE61CF67052014EF26A35951CF" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="04C7EE0528D6A687330A5CAD00B88C00" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." pageNumber="66" publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="FE121C057470CA3C4AE52FAE1B3BDCD9" pageNumber="66">
<table id="6F733E20615EB50C68B05821A44F6D74" class="table" inLine="true" pageNumber="66">
<tr id="84B420D7F325FD0AFD24C1B84676D800" pageNumber="66">
<th id="B9393E9E57ED328EB702CDD05DEAD527" colspan="2" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="29C4A12CC015E2991CD2D8B37C8AA14D" bold="true" pageNumber="66">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="418ACE05ADC9E7C7E64D4FFCA168D19A" colspan="2" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="8C8238279688CFF7A2B714445408215F" bold="true" pageNumber="66">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="894BE65FDEC3E352AAC81D27D146EEE6" colspan="2" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="38855DB424EF72D71F93EE50AA7B327C" bold="true" pageNumber="66">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="548E11795A0AADE965FF5769FA83744C" pageNumber="66">
<td id="CFC36CE82ABCFA8A3592AED56D8285D9" pageNumber="66">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="12BE6472A9A0D038A0A0F585597CCC2C" pageNumber="66" style="text-align:left;width:100px">
nass; Feuchtigkeit stark wechselnd (mehr als
<normalizedToken id="595C7F62421941341B674C53402019DF" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2 Stufen)
</td>
<td id="77285F21006661A1732718710F1BB807" pageNumber="66">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="A71832AB2AC5F59BE4D8D25E5B42A1B2" pageNumber="66" style="text-align:left;width:60px">hell</td>
<td id="DC25DF196381AC16E2248710EB419E28" pageNumber="66">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="748FB12BF8F48FF21F58CF16E6C80BCC" pageNumber="66" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F83274CFB3E242FBBFFD51BB9BEC84E1" pageNumber="66">
<td id="72276B5CD87B456A9C20F8D58AE59E63" pageNumber="66">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="F740CB5E0EE3D6AC1441808A78535A18" pageNumber="66" style="text-align:left">schwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)</td>
<td id="4CC7AA322D9FB157F3EAE3296E287AD8" pageNumber="66">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="E62851B3F5B270841A4C27C0BC92FA74" pageNumber="66" style="text-align:left">
montan (
<normalizedToken id="C4ABFDC54907AAB38B970A21695457D8" originalValue="Wälder">Waelder</normalizedToken>
mit Buche, Weisstanne, in den Zentralalpen mit
<normalizedToken id="A07EA1C4230C004DEAAAE48C37F2E864" originalValue="Waldföhre">Waldfoehre</normalizedToken>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DB792EB64D5C41047F56A8131D80B8C0" pageNumber="66">
<td id="0E01B7266BB69D14B325F90516971B99" pageNumber="66">
<normalizedToken id="BFA18D663454C60619D4F534472AB80A" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
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<normalizedToken id="E5E217C32AE91482825C3884C7533328" originalValue="nährstoffarm">naehrstoffarm</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="217904FCBA0BD7E6549ADBC4956E8C38" pageNumber="66">
<normalizedToken id="411C1C3214920CF7C99E261C84B22104" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="A6BC542DF38013E595EF19A12BD06CC0" pageNumber="66" style="text-align:left">
subozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit,
<normalizedToken id="8D27462D870134D5E683ADFF627C6C4B" originalValue="mässige">maessige</normalizedToken>
Temperaturschwankungen und
<normalizedToken id="0B9E019AC66ACEA125FCDA47BBA99396" originalValue="mässig">maessig</normalizedToken>
tiefe Wintertemperaturen)
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A11455C7450DA1BA2A859DB437D6C2D0" pageNumber="66" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="20D041D658170B66521D3DD71C111799" pageNumber="66">
Volksname Deutscher Name:
<vernacularName id="1B696BB320FDEA4B5F4C0C7B9735F444" language="deu" pageNumber="66">Sumpf-Schachtelhalm</vernacularName>
Nom
<normalizedToken id="EB9A49449BADC1AE133BCB56F4757CB2" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
:
<vernacularName id="C3B15B63A8251D0E022943550016D8C6" language="fra" pageNumber="66">
<normalizedToken id="58D127C2B89266AD47C2C2DF48A22DDC" originalValue="Prêle">Prele</normalizedToken>
des marais
</vernacularName>
Nome italiano:
<vernacularName id="2E4DA6A852B3B69FC094097E6BDA2B2A" language="ita" pageNumber="66">Equiseto palustre</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
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<mods:namePart id="160CBF2C60EFC180DFB6883E3DD99228">Arvanitidis, Christos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:titleInfo id="75124628821EC7ABB63C4A7043013625">
<mods:title id="A56FD549815E3AC4D124B4D690E12389">Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C0A96A5A8F2E052AD9AFC8C8C8CE8403">
<mods:date id="5ED853F63D3BD6CFD28C536892C0828D">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0A7D4C9E641FFD992DFB0CB33C5FAB6C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="68AA3C71A71CA0A115DFDCAE8127A223">5</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="ABC4EF4EAD13894969E4F3CEACC2F2F4" unit="page">
<mods:start id="4A25F9158B8518058690997357103BF9">20997</mods:start>
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<mods:location id="B16AE14648ABF4A96F13DA85A05A8183">
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</mods:location>
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<mods:identifier id="276111752EFFB183C466A663E960EBCA" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FFD9452F39386794B8C2EF5C49F0547C" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-5-20997</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="7016B62DAF8E216746A9F2D8125E6EDD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7016B62DAF8E216746A9F2D8125E6EDD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7016B62DAF8E216746A9F2D8125E6EDD" lastPageNumber="20997" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997">
<subSubSection id="BF4D739D640259C9E4527AF6A05ACF3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3A6A031EE74A6A5402F8BDA27C01E588" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997">
<taxonomicName id="92B6E41304104A4B17F38E85F9A81111" ID-CoL="5Z98T" authority="Grube, 1863" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1863" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Claviramus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Claviramus candelus" order="Sabellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="candelus">Claviramus candelus (Grube, 1863)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6A7FF07804A27B7150E51458E9CD6F09" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EF1E8254F1375205C0B643A813D4BC83" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997">
<taxonomicName id="3A18D846704E984941641C26E0493B4B" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Jasmineira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Jasmineira candela" order="Sabellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="candela">Jasmineira candela</taxonomicName>
(Grube, 1863)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E5DF58ABEB351EC67EEB1A189FF91328" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997" type="notes">
<paragraph id="ADDBB9B632901B0F003FB38CB17803B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF9A92A752D8B8DC7997A147CCEAA8C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997">
Reported from Greece by
<bibRefCitation id="74E4BD911CAA07FC22C0FAECB175C502" author="Antoniadou, Chryssanthi" journalOrPublisher="Helgoland Marine Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997" pagination="168 - 182" title="Polychaetes associated with the sciaphilic alga community in the northern Aegean Sea: spatial and temporal variability" volume="58" year="2004">Antoniadou et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: Mediterranean (Adriatic).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,410 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aac1a00b-ceaf-4b69-ad0c-ddb61c09151b" ID-PMC="PMC6881475" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-890-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97" ID-PubMed="31798309" ID-ZooBank="FD8F695311F64DF2950F6A387340BCE5" ModsDocID="1313-2970-890-1" checkinTime="1574358880872" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. &amp; Fernandez-Triana, Jose L." docDate="2019" docId="701756105936106DACE0642B1631C002" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 890: 1-685" docOrigin="ZooKeys 890" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786" docTitle="Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi Arias-Penna, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" id="2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97" masterDocTitle="A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="685" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668168090790" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Whitfield, James B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Winifred Hallwachs,</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, M. Alex</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Hebert, Paul D. N.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4056236" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160511351" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4056236" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701756105936106DACE0642B1631C002" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/701756105936106DACE0642B1631C002" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/E8E74CF6-05CC-43AF-BF7D-4491F7026655" authority="Arias-Penna, sp. nov." class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacklonginoi">Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi Arias-Penna, sp. nov.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Figs 111</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 112" captionStartId="F111" captionText="Figure 112. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. male 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E, J Metasoma E Dorsal view J Lateral view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view H T 1 - 2, dorsal view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112">112</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="female">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Body length
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.17" unit="mm" value="217.0">2.17 mm</quantity>
, antenna length
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.53" unit="mm" value="253.0">2.53 mm</quantity>
, fore wing length
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2199999999999998" unit="mm" value="222.0">2.22 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2456369025" collectingDate="1998-03-06" collectingDateMax="1998-03-09" collectingDateMin="1998-03-06" collectionCode="CNC" collectorName="de Conservacion &amp; Michael Jacobson" country="Costa Rica" county="Area de Conservacion" elevation="1" latitude="10.92691" location="Estacion Cacao" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-85.46822" municipality="Sector Cacao" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Guanacaste" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry name="Costa Rica">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
; 98-SRNP-2542, DHJPAR0000108;
<collectingCounty>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Conservación">Conservacion</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
</collectingCounty>
<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Sector Cacao</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701756105936106DACE0642B1631C002:AD70D141F3647D42A285E229434CADD5" country="Costa Rica" county="Area de Conservacion" latitude="10.92691" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-85.46822" municipality="Sector Cacao" name="Estacion Cacao" stateProvince="Guanacaste">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
Cacao
</location>
; cloud forest;
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" unit="m" value="1.15">
<elevation metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" unit="m" value="1.15">1,150 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.92691" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.92691">10.92691</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.46822" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.46822">-85.46822</geoCoordinate>
;
<date value="1998-03-06">
<collectingDate value="1998-03-06">06.iii.1998</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName>Michael Jacobson</collectorName>
leg.; caterpillar collected in fifth instar already with cocoons on it; slate gray single cocoons, elongate ovoid, appear to be normally that dark gray color, look like were lightly adhered singly to cuticle and then fell off; adult parasitoids emerged on
<date value="1998-03-09">
<collectingDate value="1998-03-09">09.iii.1998</collectingDate>
</date>
; (
<collectionCode country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" type="">CNC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2456368983" collectingDate="2019-01-01" collectingDateMax="2019-12-31" collectingDateMin="2019-01-01" collectionCode="CNC" collectorName="de Conservacion &amp; Michael Jacobson" country="Costa Rica" county="Area de Conservacion" elevation="1" latitude="10.92691" location="Estacion Cacao" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-85.46822" municipality="Sector Cacao" specimenCount="26" specimenCount-female="24" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guanacaste" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
• 25 (
<specimenCount type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
) (
<specimenCount type="female">20♀</specimenCount>
, 0
<specimenCount></specimenCount>
); 98-SRNP-2542, DHJPAR0000108; same data as for holotype; (
<collectionCode country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" type="">CNC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Face convex (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 112" captionStartId="F111" captionText="Figure 112. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. male 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E, J Metasoma E Dorsal view J Lateral view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view H T 1 - 2, dorsal view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112">Fig. 112C</figureCitation>
), area just behind transscutal articulation nearly at the same level as mesoscutum (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 112" captionStartId="F111" captionText="Figure 112. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. male 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E, J Metasoma E Dorsal view J Lateral view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view H T 1 - 2, dorsal view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112">Fig. 112F</figureCitation>
), ventral margin of fore telotarsus slightly excavated and with a tiny curved seta, distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate, inner spur of hind tibia much longer than outer spur, median area on T2 broader than long (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Figs 111C, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 112" captionStartId="F111" captionText="Figure 112. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. male 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E, J Metasoma E Dorsal view J Lateral view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view H T 1 - 2, dorsal view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112">112E, H</figureCitation>
), propodeal spiracle distally framed by a short concave carina, propodeum without median longitudinal carina (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Figs 111B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 112" captionStartId="F111" captionText="Figure 112. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. male 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E, J Metasoma E Dorsal view J Lateral view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view H T 1 - 2, dorsal view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112">112G</figureCitation>
), petiole on T1 distally with lateral margins relatively straight, finely sculptured only laterally (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Figs 111C, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 112" captionStartId="F111" captionText="Figure 112. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. male 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E, J Metasoma E Dorsal view J Lateral view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view H T 1 - 2, dorsal view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112">112H, E</figureCitation>
), surface of metasternum flat or nearly so, precoxal groove deep with lineate sculpture (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Figs 111A, E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 112" captionStartId="F111" captionText="Figure 112. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. male 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E, J Metasoma E Dorsal view J Lateral view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view H T 1 - 2, dorsal view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112">112A, I</figureCitation>
), fore wing with vein 1 cu-a curved, r vein slightly curved, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins not forming a stub (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Figs 111F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 112" captionStartId="F111" captionText="Figure 112. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. male 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E, J Metasoma E Dorsal view J Lateral view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view H T 1 - 2, dorsal view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112">112K</figureCitation>
), dorsal outer depression on hind coxa present (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Figs 111A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 112" captionStartId="F111" captionText="Figure 112. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. male 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E, J Metasoma E Dorsal view J Lateral view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view H T 1 - 2, dorsal view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112">112A</figureCitation>
), inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 112" captionStartId="F111" captionText="Figure 112. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. male 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E, J Metasoma E Dorsal view J Lateral view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view H T 1 - 2, dorsal view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112">Fig. 112B</figureCitation>
), and lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Figs 111C, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 112" captionStartId="F111" captionText="Figure 112. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. male 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E, J Metasoma E Dorsal view J Lateral view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view H T 1 - 2, dorsal view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112">112E, H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 111" startId="F110">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 111.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacklonginoi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. female 98-SRNP-2542 DHJPAR0000108
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Habitus
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
T1-2, dorsolateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, F</emphasis>
Metasoma
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
Lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
Dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
Head, mesosoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H, I</emphasis>
Wings
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
Fore
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
Hind.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 112" startId="F111">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 112.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacklonginoi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. male 98-SRNP-2542 DHJPAR0000108
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Habitus
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="BD">B-D</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
Head
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
Frontal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
Lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
Dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, J</emphasis>
Metasoma
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
Dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
Lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
Mesonotum, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
T1-2, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
Mesosoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K, L</emphasis>
Wings
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
Fore
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
Hind.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="coloration">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coloration</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Fig. 111A</figureCitation>
). General body coloration black-brown except labrum, mandibles and glossa yellow-brown; maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae yellow; scape and pedicel yellow-brown, but inner side brown; all antennal flagellomeres dark brown on both sides. Eyes silver and ocelli yellowish. Fore and middle legs yellow except brown coxae (inner side of fore coxae is lighter that outer side), and brown claws; hind legs yellow except coxae, most of the femora, distal half of tibiae and tarsomeres brown. Petiole on T1 black and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median and adjacent areas dark brown, and lateral ends yellow; T3 mostly dark brown, but laterally
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow">yellow-</normalizedToken>
T4 and beyond completely brown; distally each tergum with a narrow yellowish transparent band. In lateral view, T1-2 completely yellow; T3 yellow with a small dorsal brown area; T4 and beyond completely brown. S1-3 yellow; S4 and beyond brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Fig. 111A, E</figureCitation>
). Head rounded with pubescence short and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.18:0.05, 0.17:0.05, 0.19:0.05), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.11:0.05, 0.09:0.05), antenna longer than body (2.53, 2.17); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face convex, dense and finely punctate, interspaces with microsculpture and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate and interspaces wavy. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.09, 0.12). Malar suture absent or difficult to see. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally rounded and dorsally wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Fig. 111A, B, E</figureCitation>
). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum proximally convex and distally flat, punctation distinct throughout, interspaces with microsculpture. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with
<collectionCode>BS</collectionCode>
, scutellar punctation scattered throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed;
<collectionCode>BS</collectionCode>
only very partially overlapping the
<collectionCode country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7hds-psx6" name="Milwaukee Public Museum" type="Museum">MPM</collectionCode>
;
<collectionCode>ATS</collectionCode>
demilune with quite a little complete parallel carinae; dorsal
<collectionCode>ATS</collectionCode>
groove with semicircular/parallel carinae. Transscutal articulation with small and homogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation smooth, shiny and nearly at the same level as mesoscutum (flat). Metanotum with
<collectionCode country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum">BM</collectionCode>
wider than
<collectionCode>PFM</collectionCode>
(clearly differentiated);
<collectionCode country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7hds-psx6" name="Milwaukee Public Museum" type="Museum">MPM</collectionCode>
circular without median longitudinal carina;
<collectionCode>AFM</collectionCode>
with a small lobe and not as well delineated as
<collectionCode>PFM</collectionCode>
;
<collectionCode>PFM</collectionCode>
thick, smooth and with a distal flat flange; ATM proximally with semircular/undulate carina and distally smooth. Propodeum with medium-sized punctation, without median longitudinal carina, proximal half weakly curved; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle distally framed by a short concave carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum virtually without trace of dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with fine punctations throughout and dorsally with a carina. Metasternum flat or nearly so. Contour of mesopleuron straight/angulate or nearly so; precoxal groove deep with transverse lineate sculpture; epicnemial ridge elongated more fusiform (tapering at both ends).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs.</emphasis>
Ventral margin of fore telotarsus slightly excavated and with a tiny curved seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.12, 0.07). Hind coxa with punctation only on ventral surface and dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.22, 0.16), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.11, 0.10).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wings</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Fig. 111H, I</figureCitation>
). Fore wing with r vein curved; 2RS vein slightly convex to convex; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction not forming a stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with a small smooth area; vein 2CUa absent and vein 2CUb spectral; vein 2 cu-a absent; vein 2-1A present only proximally as tubular vein; tubular vein 1 cu-a curved, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe wide, subdistally evenly convex, subproximally straightened, and setae present only proximally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Metasoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 111" captionStartId="F110" captionText="Figure 111. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. female 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view C T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view D, F Metasoma D Lateral view F Dorsal view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view G Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure111">Fig. 111A, C, D, F, G</figureCitation>
). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 finely sculptured only laterally, parallel-sided in proximal half and then narrowing (length 0.27, maximum width 0.15, minimum width 0.08), and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.14, length T2 0.14), edges of median area polished and lateral grooves deep, median area broader than long (length 0.14, maximum width 0.18, minimum width 0.07); T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.18, 0.14) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium scattered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cocoons.</emphasis>
Gray oval cocoons with evenly smooth silk fibers. Cocoons lightly but individually adhered to caterpillar cuticle.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Both sexes with slim bodies.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="male">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 112" captionStartId="F111" captionText="Figure 112. Glyptapanteles jacklonginoi sp. nov. male 98 - SRNP- 2542 DHJPAR 0000108 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E, J Metasoma E Dorsal view J Lateral view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view H T 1 - 2, dorsal view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure112">
Fig. 112
<normalizedToken originalValue="AL">A-L</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
). Coloration and shape similar to female.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
John (Jack) T. Longino is a professor of Biology at the University of
<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="Utah">Utah</collectingRegion>
, Salt Lake City,
<collectionCode country="Iran" name="University of Tehran">UT</collectionCode>
,
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
. He is a specialist in neotropical myrmecology. His research is focused on understanding how species are distributed on tropical mountainsides, what ecological factors explain the elevational range limits of species, and how species might respond to climate change.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The parasitized caterpillar was collected in
<collectingCountry name="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, ACG, Sector Cacao (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
Cacao), during
<date value="1998-03">March 1998</date>
at
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" unit="m" value="1.15">1,150 m</quantity>
in cloud forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Gonodonta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gonodonta pulverea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gonodonta pulverea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schaus (
<taxonomicName family="Erebidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Calpinae">Calpinae</taxonomicName>
), food plant was not reported. Caterpillar was collected in fifth instar.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

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<mods:title id="5BB650E1DC18346217958B5AD99BE515">Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)</mods:title>
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Tribe
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Chaudoir, 1846.
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Distribution: E.G.: Kazbegi, Saguramo, Zedazeni (
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<bibRefCitation author="Forbes, E" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="183" pageNumber="184" pagination="53 - 56" refId="B55" refString="Forbes, E, 1850. On the species of Mollusca collected during the surveying voyages of the Herald and Pandora, by Captain Kellett and Lieut. Wood. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1850: 53 - 56" title="On the species of Mollusca collected during the surveying voyages of the Herald and Pandora, by Captain Kellett and Lieut. Wood." volume="1850" year="1850">Forbes 1850</bibRefCitation>
: 56, pl. 9 figs 5a-b; Pfeiffer 1853 in
<bibRefCitation author="Kuester, HC" journalOrPublisher="Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" pagination="1 - 395" refId="B74" refString="Kuester, HC, Pfeiffer, L, 1840-1855 1840-1865. Die Gattungen Bulimus, Partula, Achatinella, Achatina und Azeca. Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 13 (1): 1 - 395" title="Die Gattungen Bulimus, Partula, Achatinella, Achatina und Azeca." volume="13" year="1840 - 1855">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Küster">Kuester</normalizedToken>
and Pfeiffer 1840-1865
</bibRefCitation>
: 93, pl. 31 figs 21-23.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forbes" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Bulimulidae" genus="Bulimulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="achatellinus">Bulimulus achatellinus</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Pilsbry, HA" journalOrPublisher="Manual of Conchology" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" pagination="1 - 399" refId="B150" refString="Pilsbry, HA, 1897-1898. American Bulimulidae: Bulimulus, Neopetraeus, Oxychona and South American Drymaeus. Manual of Conchology 11: 1 - 399" title="American Bulimulidae: Bulimulus, Neopetraeus, Oxychona and South American Drymaeus." volume="11" year="1897 - 1898">Pilsbry 1897 [1897-1898]</bibRefCitation>
: 99, pl. 16 figs 28-29.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forbes" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Bulimulidae" genus="Naesiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="achatellinus">Naesiotus achatellinus</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Breure, ASH" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" pagination="1 - 40" refId="B23" refString="Breure, ASH, Borrero, FJ, 2008. An annotated checklist of the land snail family Orthalicidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Orthalicoidea) in Ecuador, with notes on the distribution of the mainland species. Zootaxa 1768: 1 - 40" title="An annotated checklist of the land snail family Orthalicidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Orthalicoidea) in Ecuador, with notes on the distribution of the mainland species." volume="1768" year="2008">Breure and Borrero 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 10.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
[Ecuador,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Galápagos">Galapagos</normalizedToken>
, Isla San
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
] &quot;Chatham Island, Gelepagos&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="label">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Label.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
&quot;Chatham Is Galapagos&quot;, added on a different label with E.A.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Smiths">Smith's</normalizedToken>
handwriting. The taxon name is on a second label &quot;Bulimus achatenellinus [sic] Forbes, figured specimen, Proc Zool Soc (...) fig. 5&quot;. M.C. label style III.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="dimensions">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dimensions.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">&quot;Long. 19, diam. 10 mill.&quot;; holotype H 19, D 9.52, W 8.7.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">NHMUK 1855.4.5.25, holotype (Cuming coll.).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Forbes writes &quot;This shell (...)&quot;, therefore the single specimen found, together with the indication on the label that it was figured, makes it justifiable to consider it a holotype.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="current systematic position">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Current systematic position.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tryon" authorityYear="1867" class="Gastropoda" family="Bulimulidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Bulimulidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forbes" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Bulimulidae" genus="Naesiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="achatellinus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Naesiotus achatellinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Forbes, 1850).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1111-43" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6E23DAFA45395554A61E23AD4B06AD68" ID-ZooBank="3FAAEA839E8141A99B868576F8A1F33A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1111-43" checkinTime="1657577097621" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Blahnik, Roger &amp; Andersen, Trond" docDate="2022" docId="701827E8CB355A258418943E8DC98B0D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1111: 43-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1111" docPubDate="2022-07-11" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586" docTitle="Chimarra amakyei Blahnik &amp; Andersen 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="7E3AB7DA-C910-461E-9057-754E790215CE" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="6E23DAFA45395554A61E23AD4B06AD68" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="6E23DAFA45395554A61E23AD4B06AD68" masterDocTitle="New species of the genus Chimarra Stephens from Africa (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae) and characterization of the African groups and subgroups of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1657577401209" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>New species of the genus Chimarra Stephens from Africa (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae) and characterization of the African groups and subgroups of the genus</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Blahnik, Roger</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave., 219 Hodson Hall, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Andersen, Trond</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2201-1870</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, PO Box 7800, NO- 5020 Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">trond.andersen@uib.no</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-07-11</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1111</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:start>43</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1111-43</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3FAAEA839E8141A99B868576F8A1F33A</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6E23DAFA45395554A61E23AD4B06AD68</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7E3AB7DA-C910-461E-9057-754E790215CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/701827E8CB355A258418943E8DC98B0D" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/7E3AB7DA-C910-461E-9057-754E790215CE" authority="Blahnik &amp; Andersen, 2022" authorityName="Blahnik &amp; Andersen" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Philopotamidae" genus="Chimarra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimarra amakyei" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amakyei" status="sp. nov.">Chimarra amakyei</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="43">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 24. Chimarra amakyei sp. nov., ♂ genitalia A lateral B dorsal, segments IX and X C inferior appendage, dorsal D phallus, lateral E phallus, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/711490" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Fig. 24A-E</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Holotype</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Ghana -
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Volta Reg.</emphasis>
● ♂ (in alcohol); Wli, Agumatsa waterfall, station # 3;
<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="29" value="7.1247225">7°07'29&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="0.5919444">0°35'31&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 10 Mar. 1993; JS Amakye &amp; J
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjærandsen">Kjaerandsen</normalizedToken>
leg.; sweep net; UMSP 000550018.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Paratypes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Ghana -
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Volta Reg.</emphasis>
● 3♂♂; same data as for holotype except station # 2A; 8-11 Mar. 1993; Malaise trap; ZMBN.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Additional material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-03-05" collectingDateMax="1993-11-21" collectingDateMin="1993-03-05" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectorName="J. Kjaerandsen, JS Amakye, J Kjaerandsen" country="Ghana" latitude="7.1247225" location="Agumatsa" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="0.5919444" municipality="Wli" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="7" stateProvince="Volta">
<collectingCountry name="Ghana">Ghana</collectingCountry>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<collectingRegion country="Ghana" name="Volta">Volta</collectingRegion>
Reg.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality>Wli</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701827E8CB355A258418943E8DC98B0D:02C50029852F81D519CD27BFBAB8D840" country="Ghana" latitude="7.1247225" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="0.5919444" municipality="Wli" name="Agumatsa" stateProvince="Volta">Agumatsa</location>
waterfall, station # 1A;
<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="29" value="7.1247225">7°07'29&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="0.5919444">0°35'31&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate value="1993-11-12" valueMax="1993-11-21" valueMin="1993-11-12">12-21 Nov. 1993</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>
J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjærandsen">Kjaerandsen</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectingMethod>Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
; ZMBN ●
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for previous except station # 2B;
<collectingDate value="1993-03-05" valueMax="1993-03-14" valueMin="1993-03-05">5-14 Mar. 1993</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName>JS Amakye</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>
J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjærandsen">Kjaerandsen</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
leg.; ZMBN ●
<specimenCount type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for previous except station # 5A;
<collectingDate value="1993-03-10" valueMax="1993-03-13" valueMin="1993-03-10">10-13 Mar. 1993</collectingDate>
; ZMBN ●
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for previous except station # 5D;
<collectingDate value="1993-03-09" valueMax="1993-03-12" valueMin="1993-03-09">9-12 Mar. 1993</collectingDate>
; ZMBN ●
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for previous except station # 5C;
<collectingDate value="1993-03-12" valueMax="1993-03-15" valueMin="1993-03-12">12-15 Mar. 1993</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>
J
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjærandsen">Kjaerandsen</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>JS Amakye</collectorName>
leg.; UMSP
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/711490" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" start="Figure 24" startId="F23">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figure 24.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Blahnik &amp; Andersen" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Philopotamidae" genus="Chimarra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimarra amakyei" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amakyei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Chimarra amakyei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.,
<specimenCount></specimenCount>
genitalia
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">A</emphasis>
lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">B</emphasis>
dorsal, segments IX and X
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C</emphasis>
inferior appendage, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">D</emphasis>
phallus, lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">E</emphasis>
phallus, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Blahnik &amp; Andersen" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Philopotamidae" genus="Chimarra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimarra amakyei" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amakyei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Chimarra amakyei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is closely related to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mosely" authorityYear="1936" class="Insecta" family="Philopotamidae" genus="Chimarra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimarra leta" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Chimarra leta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mosely. Like that species it has an elongate, narrow tergum X, with preanal appendages flattened and fused basally. It also has inferior appendages projecting approximately midlaterally, above a small basally located ventral process. It differs diagnostically in that the apices of inferior appendages are tapering and acute, rather than subtruncate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Adult.</emphasis>
Overall color (in alcohol) yellowish brown; vertex of head dark brown, setal warts very pale. Head relatively short (postocular parietal sclerite short). Palps moderately elongate; maxillary palp with 1st segment very short (approximately as long as wide), 2nd segment relatively short (distinctly shorter than 3rd), apex with small cluster of stiff setae, 3rd segment elongate, 4th segment very short (shorter than 2nd), 5th segment elongate (slightly longer than 3rd). Forewing length: male, 4.8-5.3 mm; female, 4.5-5.3 mm. Fore- and hind wings with forks I, II, III, and V present. Forewing with R1 sinuous, stem of Rs distinctly inflected at past midlength (without distinct node at inflection), basal fork of discoidal cell moderately enlarged, length of cell slightly greater than 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width, forks I and II sessile,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">r</emphasis>
crossvein strongly diagonal, intersecting discoidal cell at just past midlength,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">s</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">r-m</emphasis>
, and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
crossveins linear, s crossvein pigmented (like wing),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">r-m</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
crossveins hyaline (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
very indistinct), 2A with crossvein (apparently forked apically to 1A and 3A). Hind wing with R1 reduced, narrowly parallel to subcosta, fork I sessile, fork II subsessile, fork III distal and relatively wide, anal loop small. Forelegs with apical tibial spur short; male without enlarged tarsal claws, apical segments of tarsi narrow, claws very small and symmetrical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Male genitalia</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Segment VIII with sternum very short, tergum moderately expanded dorsally (~ 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of sternum at base). Segment IX, in lateral view, relatively short, anterior margin concave, dorsally with broadly rounded apodeme, anteroventrally with short angular projection at approximately basal
<normalizedToken originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
; posterior margin moderately produced midlaterally, basoventrally with very short, subtriangular, posteriorly projected ventral process, segment expanded and sloping dorsal to process, with inferior appendages inserted high above process, approximately midlaterally; as viewed dorsally, with tergum very narrow, but continuous, sternum subtruncate, slightly concave mesally. Lateral lobes of tergum X elongate, rugose and club-like, with small rounded, mesally directed process bearing two sensilla at past midlength; dorsum of tergum X short, membranous, continuous with paired, sclerotized, apically rounded, periphallic processes surrounding phallic apparatus laterally and ventrally. Preanal appendages narrow and flattened, fused basally to lateral lobes. Inferior appendage without pronounced basal inflection, appendage narrow basally, dorsal margin with rounded expansion, tapering to acute, projecting apex; base of dorsal expansion with very short, sclerotized, mesally curved projection, continuous on mesal surface as sclerotized ridge. Phallic apparatus with relatively small, tubular phallobase with usual basodorsal expansion, apicodorsal margin with deep membranous invagination, ventral margin projecting, but without apicomesal projection; endotheca with two very small spines; phallotremal sclerite complex composed of reclinate, ring-like structure, with short rounded apicolateral projections.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Blahnik &amp; Andersen" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Philopotamidae" genus="Chimarra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimarra amakyei" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amakyei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Chimarra amakyei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, named for Joseph S. Amakye, who helped collect much of the material represented in this paper, in recognition of his efforts.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,575 @@
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<mods:title id="EB68EF6B4526BFA83ED3C788DF09FEDF">A new species of seahorse (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) from the South China Sea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="625A7B9E840B1FE6370F37F2ECD27B8E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C140B662D14316E00FF499E68FB8F68E">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4537F4D32C7DF5B0E80DDDD59C00500A">Zhang, Yan-Hong</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1DE4747A7E08F45D33AC491E35FC8BDD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F83BAADC7F41D56971D1FBE5A6CADC9C">
<mods:roleTerm id="4632C5210062298ADF13F1B34A3AE208">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DF08E6480FC6FF1C2FAD562885C3F371">Qin, Geng</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DD93ECAEBB98C7E4BB044573FD0ECC86" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D4E4AC8372646C37AE4CAA793ECF8232">
<mods:roleTerm id="D5392A92CE12316325E8CB1BA3FFBF68">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="406D9F26BC1E4F48A676D38876E7A3F8">Wang, Xin</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5A708CE9C50ACF65EF7D399BFAB401DF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D77703F7AC6095EA8B3D21A597681FA2">
<mods:roleTerm id="66E03DA0C1C74380D0150626416198A5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5F05197302F3F4CF417FC4562EDF6E94">Lin, Qiang</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="3B75A8A39D88C3065F9CD7851127E14C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="9453E0DC77214EEBFDBEFDAB52422CD9" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="92CEC40C21248E242980B7B24B6ADF75">
<mods:title id="ABF2C6CB050F88D2854C185A03A113A6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="98470354A560B3AABA611CB4C9187CE1">
<mods:date id="13FBD345864F19264FC4599FE347DF46">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F092BE8FB0F59273C49C21BFAEEC3D70" type="volume">
<mods:number id="66534A56CA9DE73A45E767DAB054C163">4170</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="60EC16A4694FC973B8A489968B9A2802" type="issue">
<mods:number id="B80AE62CA5DC48CF1AB7DEFB5DC640BA">2</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="2A8C599BDECB6B45BB6A69D1190B5509">392</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="2531DAE0758DDA24970D062E1E995F4A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="01B7C2BFE0B165FB166A78D8B82F1C7B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4170.2.11</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F7C35B0EF0F29148AEF4A6341B0EE20B" type="GBIF-Dataset">82513179-f91c-483e-bc6c-68b73312cf66</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B2320579B1845030C0E40831D3541632" type="Zenodo-Dep">198766</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="701887FAFFE0FFBAFF2BF9C1FC27B918" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5611013" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124552815" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5611013" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:19723315-6F3C-42D2-935B-E457F4885761" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/701887FAFFE0FFBAFF2BF9C1FC27B918" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE0FFBEFF2BF9C1FE9EBD9C" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE0FFBEFF2BF9C1FDE6BDB3" blockId="1.[151,525,1660,1757]" box="[151,525,1660,1687]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">
<heading id="A3468180FFE0FFBEFF2BF9C1FDE6BDB3" bold="true" box="[151,525,1660,1687]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" reason="1">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE0FFBEFF2BF9C1FDE6BDB3" bold="true" box="[151,525,1660,1687]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE0FFBEFF2BF9C1FE43BDB2" ID-CoL="3LZKY" box="[151,424,1660,1686]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE0FFBEFF2BF9C1FE43BDB2" bold="true" box="[151,424,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">Hippocampus casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE0FFBEFE13F9C0FDE6BDB3" box="[431,525,1661,1687]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE0FFBEFF2BF922FE9EBD9C" blockId="1.[151,525,1660,1757]" box="[151,373,1695,1720]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">Beibu Bay seahorse</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE0FFBEFF2BF979FE76BDF8" box="[151,413,1732,1757]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" type="description">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE0FFBEFF2BF979FE76BDF8" blockId="1.[151,525,1660,1757]" box="[151,413,1732,1757]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE0FFBEFF2BF979FF37BDF8" box="[151,220,1732,1757]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1408,1430]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,187,1383]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[340,1247,187,1383]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Holotype of Hippocampus casscsio sp. nov. (SCSMBC 007414, SL 90.5 mm, male)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258583/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE0FFBEFF56F979FF12BDF8" box="[234,249,1732,1756]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[346,1229,380,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[340,1247,373,1589]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison of morphological characteristics and body sizes among the three seahorses H. kuda, H. casscsio sp. nov., and H. mohinikei (a), and the principal components analysis (PCA) of the three species according to the morphological data (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198768/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">2</figureCitation>
a, 3, 4,
<tableCitation id="B5330357FFE0FFBEFEF7F979FE76BDF8" box="[331,413,1732,1757]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1346,202,984]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characteristics of three seahorses H. casscsio sp. nov., H. kuda and H. mohnikei." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" tableUuid="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE0FFBEFF2BF8B1FCEFBC91" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE0FFBEFF2BF8B1FCEFBC91" blockId="1.[151,1436,1804,1973]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">
<materialsCitation id="48D93CB1FFE0FFBEFF2BF8B1FD22BC6C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1314772812" collectingDate="2012-05-12" collectorName="Qiang Lin" country="China" elevation="15" latitude="21.333334" location="Beihai" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="109.03333" municipality="Beibu Bay" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" specimenCode="SCSMBC007414" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE0FFBEFF2BF8B1FEE0BC00" bold="true" box="[151,267,1804,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">
<typeStatus id="270A884EFFE0FFBEFF2BF8B1FEEDBC00" box="[151,262,1804,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
SCSMBC007414 (SL
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFDB2F8B1FD9FBC00" box="[526,628,1804,1829]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.05" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="90.5">90.5 mm</quantity>
, male),
<location id="FD6E6037FFE0FFBEFD71F8B1FCF2BC01" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701887FAFFE0FFBAFF2BF9C1FC27B918:FD6E6037FFE0FFBEFD71F8B1FCF2BC01" box="[717,793,1804,1829]" country="China" latitude="21.333334" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="109.03333" municipality="Beibu Bay" name="Beihai" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">Beihai</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="186AAC96FFE0FFBEFC98F8B1FC77BC01" box="[804,924,1804,1829]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">Beibu Bay</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="80A6767CFFE0FFBEFC14F8B1FC00BC01" box="[936,1003,1804,1829]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">China</collectingCountry>
(approximately
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,
<geoCoordinate id="9D85502BFFE0FFBEFAA5F8B1FA64BC00" box="[1305,1423,1804,1828]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" precision="925" value="109.03333">109°02 E</geoCoordinate>
), depth
<elevation id="739CD1DFFFE0FFBEFF60F892FEFCBC63" box="[220,279,1839,1864]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="m" value="15.0">
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFF60F892FEFCBC63" box="[220,279,1839,1864]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, collected by
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,
<collectingDate id="9C4BE9C4FFE0FFBEFD8DF88DFD22BC6C" box="[561,713,1840,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" value="2012-05-12">
<date id="8C0F102CFFE0FFBEFD8DF88DFD22BC6C" box="[561,713,1840,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" value="2012-05-12">12 May 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="48D93CB1FFE0FFBEFD68F88DFCEFBC91" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1314772813" collectingDate="2012-05-12" collectorName="Qiang Lin" country="China" elevation="15" latitude="21.333334" location="Beihai" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="109.03333" municipality="Beibu Bay" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" specimenCount="15" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="270A884EFFE0FFBEFD68F88DFCAEBC6C" box="[724,837,1840,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: SCSMBC007415,
<specimenCount id="EEB7FD65FFE0FFBEFB9DF892FB52BC6C" box="[1057,1209,1839,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" type="generic">15 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFB74F892FAD6BC63" box="[1224,1341,1839,1864]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="122.5">122.5 mm</quantity>
, female; 111.0 mm female; 132.0 mm, female;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFDFEF8E9FD4ABC48" box="[578,673,1876,1900]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="104.0">104 mm</quantity>
, male;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFD4EF8E9FC8DBC48" box="[754,870,1876,1901]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.005" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="100.5">100.5 mm</quantity>
, female;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFC71F8E9FBABBC48" box="[973,1088,1876,1901]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.065" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="106.5">106.5 mm</quantity>
, male; 88.0 mm, female;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFAE1F8E9FF2EBCAB" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.265" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="126.5">126.5 mm</quantity>
, male; 129.0 mm, male; 133.0 mm, male;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFD27F8CAFCE4BCAB" box="[667,783,1911,1936]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.215" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="121.5">121.5 mm</quantity>
, female; 117.0 mm, female;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFBF0F8CAFB2BBCAB" box="[1100,1216,1911,1936]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="102.5">102.5 mm</quantity>
, female; 118.0 mm, male;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFF60F821FEBBBC90" box="[220,336,1948,1973]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.205" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="120.5">120.5 mm</quantity>
, male), collection data as for holotype.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="ACCE6664FFE3FFBDFF2BFA3DFB84BEB2" box="[151,1135,1408,1430]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258583/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" targetBox="[340,1246,187,1383]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE3FFBDFF2BFA3DFB84BEB2" blockId="2.[151,1135,1408,1430]" box="[151,1135,1408,1430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFF2BFA3DFEF8BEB1" bold="true" box="[151,275,1408,1430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE3FFBDFE25FA3CFD6BBEB2" box="[409,640,1409,1430]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFE25FA3CFD6BBEB2" box="[409,640,1409,1430]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">Hippocampus casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE3FFBDFD3AFA3DFD3CBEB1" box="[646,727,1408,1429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFD3AFA3DFD3CBEB1" bold="true" box="[646,727,1408,1429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(SCSMBC007414, SL 90.5 mm, male).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE3FFBDFF7BFA00FBBDBD42" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE3FFBDFF7BFA00FBBDBD42" blockId="2.[151,1437,1469,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFF7BFA00FEAABEF2" bold="true" box="[199,321,1469,1494]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE3FFBDFEF4FA03FDACBEF1" box="[328,583,1470,1493]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFEF4FA03FDACBEF1" box="[328,583,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">Hippocampus casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE3FFBDFDF2FA03FD4CBEF2" box="[590,679,1470,1494]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFDF2FA03FD4CBEF2" bold="true" box="[590,679,1470,1494]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is diagnosed from other seahorse species by the combination of the high number of tail rings (3437), 15 pectoral-fin rays, 16 dorsal-fin rays (dorsal fins covering 2 trunk rings and 2 tail rings), a rounded nuchal plate without a raised coronet, the snout length approximately 30% in HL, one eye spine, two cheek spines, the tail length approximately 60% in SL, the plain dark brown body color, and male owning a fully enclosed brood pouch with a small opening for the incubation of eggs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE3FFBAFF7BF9CCFF1ABA88" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" type="description">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE3FFBDFF7BF9CCFE19BC1A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1469,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFF7BF9CCFEB2BDAE" bold="true" box="[199,345,1649,1674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">Description.</emphasis>
In addition to the characteristics given in the diagnosis (
<typeStatus id="270A884EFFE3FFBDFC55F9CCFBA4BDAE" box="[1001,1103,1649,1674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<typeStatus id="270A884EFFE3FFBDFBE1F9CFFB56BDAE" box="[1117,1213,1650,1674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
range in brackets): HL 15.8% (11.617.6%), TrL 28.2% (23.735.1%), TaL 56.0% (48.562.8%) in SL; SnL 30.5% (25.043.3%) in HL; TrR 10 (1011), surface of TrR1, TrR4, TrR7 and TrR2 expanded laterally (but without spines); dorsal fin base starting immediately posterior to 9th trunk ring and ending immediately posterior to 2th tail ring (covering 2+2 rings); pectoral fin-base raised; DF 16; pectoral fin-base raised; PF 15; anal fin visible with 4 rays; first tail ring quadrangular; TaR 35 (3437).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE3FFBDFF7BF8F4FBBBBCA2" blockId="2.[151,1437,1469,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">Body ornamentation: a prominent rounded spine above each eye, on midline of snout between eyes, and on either side of head below coronet; shoulder spine at base of pectoral fin; cheek spine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE3FFBDFF7BF82CFA8DBCD6" blockId="2.[151,1437,1469,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">
Sexual dimorphism: males with closed brood pouch and slight keel anterior to dorsal fin base; greatly extended spines on inferior ridge on TaR 16th surrounding the brood pouch; females with slightly raised, circular genital opening; Males slightly larger SL, 116.0 mm (90.5133.0 mm) compared to females
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE3FFBDFBF3F867FB54BCD5" box="[1103,1215,2010,2034]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.119" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="111.9">111.9 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE3FFBDFB71F867FAB1BCD6" box="[1229,1370,2010,2034]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.3199999999999998" metricValueMin="0.88" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="110.0" valueMax="132.0" valueMin="88.0">88132 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE2FFBCFF7BFF2AFF15BA64" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">
Compared to other similar species,
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFDECFF25FCA5BB8B" box="[592,846,152,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFDECFF25FCA5BB8B" box="[592,846,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">Hippocampus casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE2FFBCFCE9FF25FC45BB94" box="[853,942,152,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFCE9FF25FC45BB94" bold="true" box="[853,942,152,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is notable for its short snout length and long tail length. Significant differences between
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFD38FF00FCEFBBF0" box="[644,772,189,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFD38FF00FCEFBBF0" box="[644,772,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE2FFBCFCB1FF01FC8CBBF0" box="[781,871,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFCB1FF01FC8CBBF0" bold="true" box="[781,871,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFC1CFF00FC12BBF0" box="[928,1017,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuda">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFC1CFF00FC12BBF0" box="[928,1017,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. kuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens were detected in SnL/HL and TaL/SL ratios (
<tableCitation id="B5330357FFE2FFBCFEC8FF62FE22BBDC" box="[372,457,223,248]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1346,202,984]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characteristics of three seahorses H. casscsio sp. nov., H. kuda and H. mohnikei." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" tableUuid="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFE5FFF5CFDD6BBDC" box="[483,573,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuda">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFE5FFF5CFDD6BBDC" box="[483,573,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. kuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also had a low-medium, rounded coronet with a cup-like depression on the top, which differed from the new species (
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE2FFBCFDC2FEB9FD2EBA38" box="[638,709,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[346,1229,380,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[340,1247,373,1589]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison of morphological characteristics and body sizes among the three seahorses H. kuda, H. casscsio sp. nov., and H. mohinikei (a), and the principal components analysis (PCA) of the three species according to the morphological data (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198768/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a).
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFD54FEB8FC82BA38" box="[744,873,261,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFD54FEB8FC82BA38" box="[744,873,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE2FFBCFCCFFEB9FC25BA38" box="[883,974,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFCCFFEB9FC25BA38" bold="true" box="[883,974,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is much larger than that of
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFAADFEB8FA77BA38" box="[1297,1436,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mohnikei">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFAADFEB8FA77BA38" box="[1297,1436,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. mohnikei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE2FFBCFF23FE9AFF09BA64" box="[159,226,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[346,1229,380,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[340,1247,373,1589]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison of morphological characteristics and body sizes among the three seahorses H. kuda, H. casscsio sp. nov., and H. mohinikei (a), and the principal components analysis (PCA) of the three species according to the morphological data (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198768/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a).
</paragraph>
<caption id="ACCE6664FFE2FFBCFF2BF9F7FF00BDBA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198768/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" targetBox="[346,1229,380,1584]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE2FFBCFF2BF9F7FF00BDBA" blockId="3.[151,1436,1610,1694]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFF2BF9F7FEFFBD7B" bold="true" box="[151,276,1610,1632]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Comparison of morphological characteristics and body sizes among the three seahorses
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFB1FF9F6FB1FBD44" box="[1187,1268,1610,1632]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuda">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFB1FF9F6FB1FBD44" box="[1187,1268,1610,1632]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. kuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFABEF9F6FA9DBD44" box="[1282,1398,1611,1632]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFABEF9F6FA9DBD44" box="[1282,1398,1611,1632]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE2FFBCFAC1F9F6FF28BD5A" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFAC1F9F6FF28BD5A" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFF41F9D7FE6ABD5B" box="[253,385,1641,1663]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mohinikei">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFF41F9D7FE6ABD5B" box="[253,385,1641,1663]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. mohinikei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a), and the principal components analysis (PCA) of the three species according to the morphological data (b).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE2FFBCFF7BF97BFF12BC93" blockId="3.[151,1437,1734,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">
Principal component analysis showed that 11 metric and meristic characters integrated into 2 principal components and cumulatively contributed to 95.5% of total variance (
<tableCitation id="B5330357FFE2FFBCFC09F957FBE5BC27" box="[949,1038,1770,1795]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,239,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[159,994,1305,1823]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 2. Loadings of components matrix and contributions of each axis to total variance." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FB8FBFF7" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" tableUuid="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FB8FBFF7">Table 2</tableCitation>
). As the component matrix shows, the SL and BH had the highest factor loading in the first principal component, and the TrR had the highest factor loading in the second principal component. Standardized morphological data of all individuals were plugged into PCA function to calculate the score of the two factors. The score of the principal components is presented on
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE2FFBCFF2BF8C7FF1DBCB7" box="[151,246,1914,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[346,1229,380,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[340,1247,373,1589]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison of morphological characteristics and body sizes among the three seahorses H. kuda, H. casscsio sp. nov., and H. mohinikei (a), and the principal components analysis (PCA) of the three species according to the morphological data (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198768/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">Figure 2</figureCitation>
b. Ordination of the data using PCA showed no overlap among the three species seahorses included in this analysis.
</paragraph>
<caption id="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B" ID-Table-UUID="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B" box="[151,1294,151,175]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" targetBox="[159,1346,202,984]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B" blockId="4.[151,1294,151,175]" box="[151,1294,151,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FEE1BB8B" bold="true" box="[151,266,152,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphological characteristics of three seahorses
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFCA6FF25FC7FBB8B" box="[794,916,152,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFCA6FF25FC7FBB8B" box="[794,916,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE5FFBBFC26FF25FC1BBB8B" box="[922,1008,152,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFC26FF25FC1BBB8B" bold="true" box="[922,1008,152,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFC41FF25FBBABB8B" box="[1021,1105,151,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuda">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFC41FF25FBBABB8B" box="[1021,1105,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. kuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFB39FF25FAE3BB8B" box="[1157,1288,151,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mohnikei">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFB39FF25FAE3BB8B" box="[1157,1288,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. mohnikei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE5FFBBFE1CFF77FB14B8FC" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<table id="8AB1C44CFFE50040FF23FF77FAA9B8FC" box="[159,1346,202,984]" gridcols="5" gridrows="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FF77FAA9BBC4" box="[159,1346,202,224]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFF77FDE0BBC4" box="[416,523,202,224]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">Holotype*</th>
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FF77FCBABBC4" box="[597,849,202,224]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFDE9FF76FD22BBC4" box="[597,713,203,224]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFDE9FF76FD22BBC4" box="[597,713,203,224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE5FFBBFD73FF76FCF4BBC4" box="[719,799,203,224]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFD73FF76FCF4BBC4" bold="true" box="[719,799,203,224]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(16)
</th>
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFF77FBADBBC4" box="[966,1094,202,224]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFC7AFF76FBFDBBC4" box="[966,1046,202,224]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuda">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFC7AFF76FBFDBBC4" box="[966,1046,202,224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. kuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(11)
</th>
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFF77FAA9BBC4" box="[1174,1346,202,224]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFB2AFF76FAF9BBC4" box="[1174,1298,202,224]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mohnikei">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFB2AFF76FAF9BBC4" box="[1174,1298,202,224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. mohnikei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(16)
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FF49FAA9BA2E" box="[159,1346,244,266]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FF49FED0BA2E" box="[159,315,244,266]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">Morphometrics</th>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FEA0FAA9BA17" box="[159,1346,285,307]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FEA0FED0BA17" box="[159,315,285,307]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">SnL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFEA0FDE0BA17" box="[416,523,285,307]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">4.5</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FEA0FCBABA17" box="[597,849,285,307]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">5.4</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFEA0FBADBA17" box="[966,1094,285,307]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">15.3±0.64</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFEA0FAA9BA17" box="[1174,1346,285,307]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">2.4±0.53</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FEF7FAA9BA44" box="[159,1346,330,352]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FEF7FED0BA44" box="[159,315,330,352]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">HL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFEF7FDE0BA44" box="[416,523,330,352]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">15.0</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FEF7FCBABA44" box="[597,849,330,352]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">17.9±2.15</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFEF7FBADBA44" box="[966,1094,330,352]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">34.5±1.86</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFEF7FAA9BA44" box="[1174,1346,330,352]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">10.5±1.23</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FEC9FAA9BAAE" box="[159,1346,372,394]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FEC9FED0BAAE" box="[159,315,372,394]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TrL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFEC9FDE0BAAE" box="[416,523,372,394]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">24.5</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FEC9FCBABAAE" box="[597,849,372,394]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">32.1±5.86</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFEC9FBADBAAE" box="[966,1094,372,394]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">49.9±2.55</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFEC9FAA9BAAE" box="[1174,1346,372,394]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">19.2±1.84</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FE20FAA9BA97" box="[159,1346,413,435]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FE20FED0BA97" box="[159,315,413,435]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TaL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFE20FDE0BA97" box="[416,523,413,435]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">51.0</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FE20FCBABA97" box="[597,849,413,435]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">63.9±10.00</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFE20FBADBA97" box="[966,1094,413,435]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">86.1±5.89</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFE20FAA9BA97" box="[1174,1346,413,435]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">36.7±4.69</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FE7BFAA9BAF8" box="[159,1346,454,476]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FE7BFED0BAF8" box="[159,315,454,476]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">SL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFE7BFDE0BAF8" box="[416,523,454,476]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">90.5</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FE7BFCBABAF8" box="[597,849,454,476]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">113.9±14.07</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFE7BFBADBAF8" box="[966,1094,454,476]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">170.5±9.97</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFE7BFAA9BAF8" box="[1174,1346,454,476]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">66.4±7.11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FE4DFAA9B922" box="[159,1346,496,518]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FE4DFED0B922" box="[159,315,496,518]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">BH</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFE4DFDE0B922" box="[416,523,496,518]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">75.5</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FE4DFCBAB922" box="[597,849,496,518]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">96.0±12.52</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFE4DFBADB922" box="[966,1094,496,518]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">86.1±5.89</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFE4DFAA9B922" box="[1174,1346,496,518]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">55.8±5.98</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FDA4FAA9B90B" box="[159,1346,537,559]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FDA4FED0B90B" box="[159,315,537,559]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">BW</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFDA4FDE0B90B" box="[416,523,537,559]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">14.0</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FDA4FCBAB90B" box="[597,849,537,559]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">17.1±2.92</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFDA4FBADB90B" box="[966,1094,537,559]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">21.2±2.52</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFDA4FAA9B90B" box="[1174,1346,537,559]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">8.7±1.24</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FDFFFAA9B97F" box="[159,1346,578,603]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FDFFFED0B97F" box="[159,315,578,603]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">SnL/HL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFDFFFDE0B97F" box="[416,523,578,603]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.30</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FDFFFCBAB97F" box="[597,849,578,603]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.3±0.04b</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFDFFFBADB97F" box="[966,1094,578,603]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.4±0.01a</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFDFFFAA9B97F" box="[1174,1346,578,603]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.2±0.03c</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FDD3FAA9B9A3" box="[159,1346,622,647]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FDD3FED0B9A3" box="[159,315,622,647]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TrL/SL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFDD3FDE0B9A3" box="[416,523,622,647]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.27</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FDD3FCBAB9A3" box="[597,849,622,647]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.3±0.04a</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFDD3FBADB9A3" box="[966,1094,622,647]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.3±0.01a</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFDD3FAA9B9A3" box="[1174,1346,622,647]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.3±0.02a</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FD27FAA9B996" box="[159,1346,666,690]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFD27FDE0B996" box="[416,523,666,690]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.56</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FD27FCBAB996" box="[597,849,666,690]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.6±0.04a</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFD27FBADB996" box="[966,1094,666,690]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.5±0.01b</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFD27FAA9B996" box="[1174,1346,666,690]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.6±0.02a</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FD7AFAA9B9C4" box="[159,1346,711,736]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FD7AFED0B9C4" box="[159,315,711,736]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">HL/SL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFD7AFDE0B9C4" box="[416,523,711,736]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.17</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FD7AFCBAB9C4" box="[597,849,711,736]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.2±0.01a</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFD7AFBADB9C4" box="[966,1094,711,736]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.2±0.00a</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFD7AFAA9B9C4" box="[1174,1346,711,736]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.2±0.01a</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FD4EFAA9B82D" box="[159,1346,755,777]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FD4EFED0B82D" box="[159,315,755,777]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">Meristics</th>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FCA1FAA9B816" box="[159,1346,796,818]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FCA1FED0B816" box="[159,315,796,818]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">PF</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFCA1FDE0B816" box="[416,523,796,818]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">15</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FCA1FCBAB816" box="[597,849,796,818]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">15</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFCA1FBADB816" box="[966,1094,796,818]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">16</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFCA1FAA9B816" box="[1174,1346,796,818]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FCFBFAA9B878" box="[159,1346,838,860]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FCFBFED0B878" box="[159,315,838,860]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">DF</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFCFBFDE0B878" box="[416,523,838,860]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">16</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FCFBFCBAB878" box="[597,849,838,860]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">16</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFCFBFBADB878" box="[966,1094,838,860]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">17</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFCFBFAA9B878" box="[1174,1346,838,860]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">16</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FCD2FAA9B8A1" box="[159,1346,879,901]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FCD2FED0B8A1" box="[159,315,879,901]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">AF</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFCD2FDE0B8A1" box="[416,523,879,901]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">4</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FCD2FCBAB8A1" box="[597,849,879,901]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">4</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFCD2FBADB8A1" box="[966,1094,879,901]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">4</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFCD2FAA9B8A1" box="[1174,1346,879,901]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FC24FAA9B88B" box="[159,1346,921,943]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FC24FED0B88B" box="[159,315,921,943]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TrR</th>
<date id="8C0F102CFFE5FFBBFE1CFC24FC35B88B" box="[416,990,921,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" value="2011-10-10">
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFC24FDE0B88B" box="[416,523,921,943]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">10</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FC24FCBAB88B" box="[597,849,921,943]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">10</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFC24FBADB88B" box="[966,1094,921,943]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">11</td>
</date>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFC24FAA9B88B" box="[1174,1346,921,943]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FC7FFAA9B8FC" box="[159,1346,962,984]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FC7FFED0B8FC" box="[159,315,962,984]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TaR</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFC7FFDE0B8FC" box="[416,523,962,984]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">35</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FC7FFCBAB8FC" box="[597,849,962,984]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">35(3337)</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFC7FFBADB8FC" box="[966,1094,962,984]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">36(3638)</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFC7FFAA9B8FC" box="[1174,1346,962,984]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">38(3740)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE5FFBBFF2BFC44FF06BFB4" blockId="4.[151,1436,1017,1168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
Sample size for each species was shown in parenthesis. Means (±S.E.) marked with different letters were significantly different from each other (
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFE09FBA4FE2EBF14" box="[437,453,1049,1072]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.05). SnL, snout length; HL, head length; TrL, trunk length; TaL, tail length; BH, body height; BW, body width; SL, standard length. PF, number of pectoral fin rays; AF, number of anal fin rays; DF, number of dorsal fin rays; TrR, number of trunk rings; TaR, number of tail rings.
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFC12FBE4FC50BF54" bold="true" box="[942,955,1113,1136]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">*</emphasis>
The data are for the
<typeStatus id="270A884EFFE5FFBBFB23FBE4FB17BF54" box="[1183,1276,1113,1136]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFA9DFBE4FA77BF54" box="[1313,1436,1113,1136]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFA9DFBE4FA77BF54" box="[1313,1436,1113,1136]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE5FFBBFF2BFBC4FF06BFB4" box="[151,237,1145,1168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFF2BFBC4FF06BFB4" bold="true" box="[151,237,1145,1168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<caption id="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FB8FBFF7" ID-Table-UUID="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FB8FBFF7" box="[151,1124,1212,1235]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FB8FBFF7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" targetBox="[159,994,1305,1823]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FB8FBFF7" blockId="4.[151,1124,1212,1235]" box="[151,1124,1212,1235]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FEE2BFF7" bold="true" box="[151,265,1212,1235]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Loadings of components matrix and contributions of each axis to total variance.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE5FFBBFDD6FB52FF3FBCB2" blockId="4.[618,838,1263,1285]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1435,1855,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">Principal components SnL, snout length; HL, head length; TrL, trunk length; TaL, tail length; BH, body height; BW, body width; SL, standard length. PF, number of pectoral fin rays; DF, number of dorsal fin rays; TrR, number of trunk rings; TaR, number of tail rings.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE5FFBBFDD6FAA4FC09BC3B" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<table id="8AB1C44CFFE50040FF23FAA4FC09BC3B" box="[159,994,1305,1823]" gridcols="3" gridrows="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FAA4FC09BE0B" box="[159,994,1305,1327]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6FAA4FD44BE0B" box="[618,687,1305,1327]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">1</th>
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21FAA4FC09BE0B" box="[925,994,1305,1327]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">2</th>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FAFFFC09BE7C" box="[159,994,1346,1368]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FAFFFEC8BE7C" box="[159,291,1346,1368]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">HL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6FAFFFD44BE7C" box="[618,687,1346,1368]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.974</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21FAFFFC09BE7C" box="[925,994,1346,1368]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.200</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FAD6FC09BEA5" box="[159,994,1387,1409]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FAD6FEC8BEA5" box="[159,291,1387,1409]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">SnL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6FAD6FD44BEA5" box="[618,687,1387,1409]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.950</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21FAD6FC09BEA5" box="[925,994,1387,1409]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.289</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FA29FC09BE8E" box="[159,994,1428,1450]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FA29FEC8BE8E" box="[159,291,1428,1450]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TrL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6FA29FD44BE8E" box="[618,687,1428,1450]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.976</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21FA29FC09BE8E" box="[925,994,1428,1450]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.068</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FA03FC09BEF0" box="[159,994,1470,1492]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FA03FEC8BEF0" box="[159,291,1470,1492]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TaL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6FA03FD44BEF0" box="[618,687,1470,1492]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.973</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21FA03FC09BEF0" box="[925,994,1470,1492]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">-0.089</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FA5AFC09BED9" box="[159,994,1511,1533]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FA5AFEC8BED9" box="[159,291,1511,1533]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">BH</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6FA5AFD44BED9" box="[618,687,1511,1533]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.994</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21FA5AFC09BED9" box="[925,994,1511,1533]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">-0.030</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F9ACFC09BD03" box="[159,994,1553,1575]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F9ACFEC8BD03" box="[159,291,1553,1575]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">SL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F9ACFD44BD03" box="[618,687,1553,1575]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.997</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F9ACFC09BD03" box="[925,994,1553,1575]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.022</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F987FC09BD74" box="[159,994,1594,1616]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F987FEC8BD74" box="[159,291,1594,1616]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">BW</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F987FD44BD74" box="[618,687,1594,1616]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.947</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F987FC09BD74" box="[925,994,1594,1616]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">-0.210</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F9DEFC09BD5D" box="[159,994,1635,1657]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F9DEFEC8BD5D" box="[159,291,1635,1657]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">PF</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F9DEFD44BD5D" box="[618,687,1635,1657]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.941</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F9DEFC09BD5D" box="[925,994,1635,1657]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">-0.214</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F931FC09BD86" box="[159,994,1676,1698]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F931FEC8BD86" box="[159,291,1676,1698]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">DF</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F931FD44BD86" box="[618,687,1676,1698]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.837</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F931FC09BD86" box="[925,994,1676,1698]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.517</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F90BFC09BDE8" box="[159,994,1718,1740]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F90BFEC8BDE8" box="[159,291,1718,1740]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TrR</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F90BFD44BDE8" box="[618,687,1718,1740]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">-0.075</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F90BFC09BDE8" box="[925,994,1718,1740]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.961</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F962FC09BDD1" box="[159,994,1759,1781]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F962FEC8BDD1" box="[159,291,1759,1781]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TaR</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F962FD44BDD1" box="[618,687,1759,1781]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">-0.521</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F962FC09BDD1" box="[925,994,1759,1781]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.770</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F8B4FC09BC3B" box="[159,994,1801,1823]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F8B4FEC8BC3B" box="[159,291,1801,1823]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">Variance (%)</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F8B4FD44BC3B" box="[618,687,1801,1823]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">77.174</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F8B4FC09BC3B" box="[925,994,1801,1823]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">18.290</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE4FFBAFF7BFF25FF1ABA88" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFF7BFF25FE5BBB94" bold="true" box="[199,432,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Molecular analysis.</emphasis>
All cyt
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFDBAFF25FDFFBB94" box="[518,532,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">b</emphasis>
sequences were trimmed to a consensus length of 809 bp. A total of 30 unique cyt
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFF05FF01FF2CBBF0" box="[185,199,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">b</emphasis>
haplotypes were generated from all specimens, and three haplotypes were observed among the new species. Eighteen CR haplotypes were observed among the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE4FFBAFCD5FF5CFC03BBD3" box="[873,1000,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFCD5FF5CFC03BBD3" box="[873,1000,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE4FFBAFC52FF5DFBACBBDC" box="[1006,1095,224,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFC52FF5DFBACBBDC" bold="true" box="[1006,1095,224,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
The NJ tree showed that all of the individuals of the same species cluster together (
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE4FFBAFD50FEB9FCDBBA38" box="[748,816,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1430,1452]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,633,1406]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[162,1424,628,1409]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Neighbor-joining (NJ) trees based on cyt b (a) and CR (b) from seahorses haplotypes of Hippocampus along Chinas coast." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198769/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a, b). No haplotype was shared between species in our data set. Although
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE4FFBAFED5FE94FE0CBA1B" box="[361,487,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFED5FE94FE0CBA1B" box="[361,487,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFE52FE95FDACBA64" bold="true" box="[494,583,296,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE4FFBAFE52FE95FDACBA64" box="[494,583,296,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
was morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE4FFBAFC0CFE94FBD3BA64" box="[944,1080,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mohnikei">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFC0CFE94FBD3BA64" box="[944,1080,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">H. mohnikei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(interspecific distance: 16.1%), there was a closer genetic relationship between
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE4FFBAFD7EFEF0FCAFBA40" box="[706,836,333,356]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFD7EFEF0FCAFBA40" box="[706,836,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE4FFBAFCF2FEF1FC40BA40" box="[846,939,332,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFCF2FEF1FC40BA40" bold="true" box="[846,939,332,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE4FFBAFC5BFEF0FBA8BA40" box="[999,1091,332,356]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuda">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFC5BFEF0FBA8BA40" box="[999,1091,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">H. kuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(interspecific distance: 2.4%) (
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE4FFBAFF23FED2FF09BAAC" box="[159,226,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1430,1452]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,633,1406]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[162,1424,628,1409]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Neighbor-joining (NJ) trees based on cyt b (a) and CR (b) from seahorses haplotypes of Hippocampus along Chinas coast." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198769/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a and
<tableCitation id="B5330357FFE4FFBAFE95FED2FE94BAAC" box="[297,383,367,392]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1522,1545]" captionTargetBox="[159,1414,1574,2001]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 3. Genetic distances based on cyt b among the nine seahorse species obtained along Chinas coast." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACCE6664FFE4FFBAFF2BFA4FFAECBD2D" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" tableUuid="ACCE6664FFE4FFBAFF2BFA4FFAECBD2D">Table 3</tableCitation>
). The two species formed a sister group with a strongly significant bootstrap value of 100% (
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE4FFBAFF23FE29FF0FBA88" box="[159,228,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1430,1452]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,633,1406]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[162,1424,628,1409]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Neighbor-joining (NJ) trees based on cyt b (a) and CR (b) from seahorses haplotypes of Hippocampus along Chinas coast." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198769/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE4FFBAFF7BFE05FE71BAD1" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE4FFBAFF7BFE05FE71BAD1" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFF7BFE05FEA5BAF4" bold="true" box="[199,334,440,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name is derived from the abbreviation of South
<collectingCountry id="80A6767CFFE4FFBAFC0CFE0AFC18BAF4" box="[944,1011,439,464]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">China</collectingCountry>
Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE4FFBAFF7BFE42FC27B918" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE4FFBAFF7BFE42FC27B918" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFF7BFE42FE8BB93C" bold="true" box="[199,352,511,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE4FFBAFED0FDBDFD99B933" box="[364,626,512,535]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFED0FDBDFD99B933" box="[364,626,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Hippocampus casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE4FFBAFDC3FDBDFD35B93C" box="[639,734,512,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFDC3FDBDFD35B93C" bold="true" box="[639,734,512,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
appears to be relatively limited to the Beibu Bay (Beihai, Fangchenggang, Lingao, Dongfang, Sanya and Lingshui),
<collectingCountry id="80A6767CFFE4FFBAFC9BFD99FC81B919" box="[807,874,548,573]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">China</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE4FFBAFCC5FD99FC54B918" box="[889,959,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1204,1226]" captionTargetBox="[351,1235,201,1179]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[343,1243,193,1183]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Map generated by Surfer ® for Windows (Keckler, 1997) showing the sampling locations for the specimen of new seahorse species, H. casscsio sp. nov., along Chinas coast. Holotype location indicated by triangle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258584/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
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<emphasis id="52817B62D3CC890D2EE6534F00531CAD" italics="true" pageNumber="97">Cabassous chacoensis</emphasis>
Wetzel 1980
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<emphasis id="EB51879B4692B7464DE59929E556D0DF" italics="true" pageNumber="97">Cabassous chacoensis</emphasis>
Wetzel 1980
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,
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</treatmentCitation>
.
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<paragraph id="165DD4F06E92A08D48C49E74D275A53D" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="37EE6AB381B387768F4672C29CE4F736" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="97">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="959202032E565F16209BB4266B53BF57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867357318" country="Paraguay" pageNumber="97" stateProvince="Presidente Hayes">
<collectingCountry id="A444171746D262602584B271D0E9709C" name="Paraguay">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="DE7DE1803E3A971AC588E0CF2B0527AC" country="Paraguay" name="Presidente Hayes">Presidente Hayes</collectingRegion>
, &quot;
<quantity id="77E4A2987242F006B3C21EFA7C918697" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="km" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5-7 km</quantity>
W Estancia Juan de Zalazar.&quot;
</materialsCitation>
.
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<paragraph id="BEDAEDC427C53940640E20918D6C42B7" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="77755D22BED19295922E316B405B6967" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="97">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="6ECA2E66DB37C60EC0F43F0A0AA8A372" language="eng" pageNumber="97">Chacoan Naked-tailed Armadillo</vernacularName>
.
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<paragraph id="8983418B6F2B0A2B6FBAD3A315C776FB" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="257A52FE1C2E982A814299EB1A0D6C37" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="97">Distribution:</emphasis>
Gran Chaco of W
<collectingCountry id="2930DDEE02983BF362245760FFDBBCE0" name="Paraguay">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
and NW
<collectingCountry id="C4CE0C09BCC369745234206FA4F426C6" name="Argentina">Argentina</collectingCountry>
. Known from
<collectingRegion id="3F69C3D5E099593A5313CF7A932C07CC" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="5DBEB085CE6248FB65E1FBAE7D7F2E20" name="Brazil">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, based on one zoological park specimen (Wetzel, 1980).
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<paragraph id="03138C1E3EB9B40C9295BD186E08725C" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="2862A7456BC8B42AEA3FBF96781D2878" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="97">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="07AA033B40086CCF710CE439E749803E">IUCN</collectionCode>
Data Deficient.
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<treatment id="701916E801A08C2F93552DB30593E381" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231545091" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701916E801A08C2F93552DB30593E381" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/701916E801A08C2F93552DB30593E381" lastPageNumber="257" pageNumber="257" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13700262">
<subSubSection id="D5B3640029DC731FBDE441A16B5E3066" pageNumber="257" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D12E6FFF1C81124A88E75D02E382F12B" pageNumber="257">
<taxonomicName id="42721BECA11F9A1808822FFFF35911D9" ID-CoL="63T9Z" authority="Thomas 1913" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1913" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Scutisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="257" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="717DB465D57A98FB5776AD72E816D56A" italics="true" pageNumber="257">Scutisorex</emphasis>
Thomas 1913
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="547BFCC8AD6175E08A812CC4E7C935FF" pageNumber="257" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9A920462DA62496344C2EDD39A0DF80B" pageNumber="257">
<treatmentCitation id="4C770AE26A0BB964DFA2CD882A058CA6" author="Thomas" authority="Thomas 1913" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1913" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Scutisorex" journal="Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" page="321" pageNumber="257" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" title="Scutisorex" volume="11" year="1913">
<taxonomicName id="B9867EAB7E0F85B358DB69C2E217FE64" ID-CoL="63T9Z" authority="Thomas 1913" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1913" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Scutisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="257" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1F43AD1BBE7D062084EEF63D803FD59C" italics="true" pageNumber="257">Scutisorex</emphasis>
Thomas 1913
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="6D25F9DA4A06F22621C7BF881E55173D" author="Thomas" journal="Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8" pageNumber="257" pagination="321" title="Scutisorex" volume="11" year="1913">Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 11: 321</bibCitation>
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="76136E7988CE72850DE991CB2DC2602E" pageNumber="257" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="B18ACAB2B952A23F25734C717F59683A" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="FCD9176163C15338EB91195FD404541A" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="257">Type Species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="37F4975AFD25CA8385D425EB80B79241" authority="Thomas 1910" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sylvisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="257" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="somereni">
<emphasis id="3023A4308A35337235361D0A0034BFF7" italics="true" pageNumber="257">Sylvisorex somereni</emphasis>
Thomas 1910
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B9E58B6D040835A9FA0DDEA0B6684710" pageNumber="257" type="child_taxa">
<paragraph id="92314BC7BD7FE06F88CE678B85F657FB" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="8553B35BA1A21DA302774C939AAB1861" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="257">Species and subspecies:</emphasis>
1 species:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A05D7B02AF9F74F8EBCDF252383CA205" pageNumber="257">
Species
<taxonomicName id="D9808893DE765EBD78CA689DC8F757C2" authority="(Thomas 1910)" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Scutisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="257" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="somereni">
<emphasis id="21B9EA2EB26791F8D5831EB9D1478C09" italics="true" pageNumber="257">Scutisorex somereni</emphasis>
(Thomas 1910)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EB3830DB96D6D62DBB8D6DC8A549C71" pageNumber="257" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="A7FA316EAC7A312ECBFDE96B1AD0A9CA" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="E5B8AD98A9D637611F22345D4533B045" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="257">Discussion:</emphasis>
For placement in
<taxonomicName id="C56428679CE6BBF480A601C806A8E147" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1872" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Crocidurinae">Crocidurinae</taxonomicName>
see
<bibRefCitation id="B0EBEAE479C3AC113EB7B13BB4838CE4" author="Repenning, C. A." refId="ref301847" refString="Repenning, C. A. 1967. Subfamilies and genera of the Soricidae. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 565: 1 - 74." year="1967">Repenning (1967:15)</bibRefCitation>
. Genetic data place
<taxonomicName id="4EB2BEEB269C42AC19CA0DC48D4291D2" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1913" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Scutisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5BA581129532BEEB3C6F0D06A74696EA" italics="true" pageNumber="257">Scutisorex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
next to
<taxonomicName id="FE21C4C1981B7CB240E523077DCB7AE9" authority="(Querouil et al., 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Querouil" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sylvisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C8F2127DB96152473FB6288435F5A9C0" italics="true" pageNumber="257">Sylvisorex</emphasis>
(Querouil et al., 2001)
</taxonomicName>
. The unique vertebrate column (
<bibRefCitation id="4117C3C03F5C1DED340578053F7C4D7E" author="Ahmed, A. A. &amp; M. Klima" refId="ref3073" refString="Ahmed, A. A., and M. Klima. 1978. Zur entwicklung und funktion der lendenwirbelsaule bei der panzerspitzmaus Scutisorex somereni (Thomas, 1910). Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 43: 1 - 17." year="1978">Ahmed and Klima, 1978</bibRefCitation>
) and a characteristic skull roof distinguish the genus, however.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
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<taxonomicName id="48478FF46C4E0E5870A927699E2417D6" genus="Platygastroidea" lsidName="Platygastroidea cratinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="7991" rank="species" species="cratinus">cratinus</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1835
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<taxonomicName id="51858047382E7229D97F414150E5C012" genus="Platygastroidea" lsidName="Platygastroidea olorus" pageId="0" pageNumber="7991" rank="species" species="olorus">olorus</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1835
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<paragraph id="7FD11B9D0E7C9F997B13587C1968FAE9" pageId="0" pageNumber="7991">England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of Man</paragraph>
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Lamys
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Zur
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keine
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vorhanden. Stengel bis zum Grunde dicht behaart
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.
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wie bei
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<emphasis id="CFFE4BA23261C5C6731B8EC523E77081" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="782">E. adnatum</emphasis>
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(Nr. 16c),
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jedoch die meisten
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nach dem Grunde
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<emphasis id="C92A1D3D9929EC10F0D00D8EA256C8C0" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="782">Zytologische Angaben. 2n</emphasis>
=
<emphasis id="18F2F389A25D2AED6BA2F7634753DC73" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="782">36:</emphasis>
Material aus England (Raven und Moore 1964).
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<emphasis id="FB893536D82CDE67DB4893A43AAA6312" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="782">Standort</emphasis>
. Kollin, seltener montan. Frische,
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, meist kalkarme
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. Waldlichtungen,
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.
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Verbreitung.
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Pflanze:
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bis England,
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, Schlesien, Ungarn,
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bis in den Kaukasus;
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der Alpen.
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.
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die Verbreitung von
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<emphasis id="5BDA8BFF396C7339DB11221103A1F551" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="782">E. Lamyi</emphasis>
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ist aus dem Gebiet wenig bekannt; wahrscheinlich wird die Art oft nicht erkannt.
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oblongus
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(C. L. Koch, 1835) [116e]
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Syn., Tax.:
<taxonomicName id="33D79C9DD8BC666D58E05346C309A6A5" class="Arachnida" family="Eremaeidae" genus="Eremaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oblongus">Eremaeus oblongus C. L. Koch</taxonomicName>
, 1835 (CMA 3.24). Willmann 1931 (B); Sellnick 1928, 1960; Strenzke 1955 (B).
<taxonomicName id="C2B1CF05A218A6EBA4914150C8B72167" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Notaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oblonga">Notaspis oblonga</taxonomicName>
: Michael 1888.
<taxonomicName id="F85BF54BC97473BB80148F557818DBF3" class="Arachnida" family="Eremaeidae" genus="Eueremaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oblongus">Eueremaeus oblongus</taxonomicName>
: Mihelcic 1963.
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, besonders an Baumrinden, an
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und in Moospolstern.
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<paragraph id="8CCB5421D1A8FB06D1E0571FA00231B2" pageNumber="220">Verbreitung: Holarktis.</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName LSID="701A1362-2971-5FAD-A325-598927A48F4A" authority="Wittmer, 1997" authorityName="Wittmer" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Rhagophthalmidae" genus="Rhagophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhagophthalmus semisulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semisulcatus">Rhagophthalmus semisulcatus Wittmer, 1997</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wittmer" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Rhagophthalmidae" genus="Rhagophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhagophthalmus semisulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semisulcatus">Rhagophthalmus semisulcatus</taxonomicName>
Wittmer, 1997: 259.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Type depository.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">
Holotype, male (NHMB). Five paratypes, males (NHMB). According to the original description (
<bibRefCitation author="Wittmer, W" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Schweizerische Entomologische Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="257 - 263" refId="B298" refString="Wittmer, W, 1997. Neue Rhagophthalmidae und Phengodidae (Coleoptera). Mitteilungen der Schweizerische Entomologische Gesellschaft 70: 257 - 263" title="Neue Rhagophthalmidae und Phengodidae (Coleoptera)." volume="70" year="1997">Wittmer 1997</bibRefCitation>
), there are only five paratypes; however, there are five additional specimens with different labels designated as paratypes in NHMB.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">
China: Yunnan: Yulong Shan,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="27.166666">27°10'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="100.21667">100°13'E</geoCoordinate>
, 3900 m.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">China (Yunnan).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Literature.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">
<bibRefCitation author="Wittmer, W" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Schweizerische Entomologische Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="257 - 263" refId="B298" refString="Wittmer, W, 1997. Neue Rhagophthalmidae und Phengodidae (Coleoptera). Mitteilungen der Schweizerische Entomologische Gesellschaft 70: 257 - 263" title="Neue Rhagophthalmidae und Phengodidae (Coleoptera)." volume="70" year="1997">Wittmer (1997</bibRefCitation>
: 259): original description, drawings of male antenna and genitalia;
<bibRefCitation author="Bocak, L" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="4: Elateroidea, Derodontoidea, Bostrichoidea, Lymexyloidea, Cleroidea, and Cucujoidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="224 - 225" refId="B18" refString="Bocak, L, 2007. Phengodidae. In: Loebl, I, Smetana, A, Eds., Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Vol. 4: Elateroidea, Derodontoidea, Bostrichoidea, Lymexyloidea, Cleroidea, and Cucujoidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark: 224 - 225" title="Phengodidae." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Vol." year="2007">Bocak (2007</bibRefCitation>
: 225): catalogue;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2008.00264.x" author="Li, X" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="259 - 267" refId="B168" refString="Li, X, Ohba, N, Liang, X, 2008a. Two new species of Rhagophthalmus Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Rhagophthalmidae) from Yunnan, south-western China, with notes on known species. Entomological Science 11 (2): 259 - 267, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2008.00264.x" title="Two new species of Rhagophthalmus Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Rhagophthalmidae) from Yunnan, south-western China, with notes on known species." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2008.00264.x" volume="11" year="2008 a">Li et al. (2008a</bibRefCitation>
: 264): distribution, biology, figure of female habitus;
<bibRefCitation author="Li, X" journalOrPublisher="Chinese Bulletin of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="494 - 498" refId="B169" refString="Li, X, Xie, M, Liang, X, 2008b. Rhagophthalmid - a special group of fireflies. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology 45: 494 - 498" title="Rhagophthalmid - a special group of fireflies." volume="45" year="2008 b">Li et al. (2008b</bibRefCitation>
: 496): review.
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<mods:place id="36F55C6FC2F2E4E5F0215DF3B63A742F">
<mods:placeTerm id="B0FD00917BBC26A3A2A668EBE1845F01">Geneve</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:location id="98229993406E6AAF9527AAAEAAC25CC9">
<mods:url id="5F60F7E82A89C51CD7313EB47513FF2B">https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/lamiaceae.html</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="41A02F566ADCFE12F3BC17BBB28DC86F">url</mods:classification>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="701A3E6D64581E0C145038F298EF3183" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10921585" ID-GBIF-Taxon="224777209" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10921585" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701A3E6D64581E0C145038F298EF3183" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/701A3E6D64581E0C145038F298EF3183">
<subSubSection id="29CE3E78EA7F378245D654519196077A" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FE05AC928107E3D34502E2751AFE4387">
<taxonomicName id="28A28E562F534F54CD0C46D51C651044" ID-CoL="5FWDL" ID-ENA="1081541" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Ballota" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="nigra" subSpecies="nigra">
<emphasis id="3168EF9C7B130558F6BBDEC5D00CEAE3" italics="true">Ballota nigra</emphasis>
L. subsp.
<emphasis id="7077CB1D9322A4A5648276A19E513D57" italics="true">nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3E43ACE50CB8E82B09C6F3F76B549461" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="497C6AC02CD77565DF0DE96DCD1A7C37">
<vernacularName id="8DD6EA0752210EC398F5D8869E83CFFD">
<normalizedToken id="2EA6AD83B5635DD984389C72E983F153" originalValue="Gewöhnliche">Gewoehnliche</normalizedToken>
Schwarznessel
</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BED13D618E865EFD1FD8953167EEA9" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="270D2D79F5F3181F951F4C6BBC2F1817">
Unterart ISFS: 58000 Checklist: 1006370
<taxonomicName id="65D795397FE1C370DD959DF09835E3EF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="789887F57B1668CBFAC782C9C1A14D51" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Ballota" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ballota</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="36E53973D290B9A396A72FB6F9800860" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Ballota" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">Ballota nigra L.</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8CDE85ED8DB8A59287059D21966000F1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Ballota" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="nigra" subSpecies="nigra">Ballota nigra L. subsp. nigra</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ABFC43E4AFF63C737F247EC5D4D099D6">
<heading id="21576858B312830D70E1C3CAF43C0C12">Zusammenfassung</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="46AF9D3FEF14F559D5E313CDBAD91694" type="description">
<paragraph id="1BCB3D77346D1690F58004ADD1C0E85F">
Artbeschreibung
<emphasis id="F6042490D7A67C88604EB41CC85BD029" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="9C0764186FD639104691074B74BEC5CD" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken id="5429BB5F93A9614502F41223D4A2533A" originalValue="Blätter">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
<quantity id="23D6A1CDF2B0B8262F420EFB8903BBA1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4-8 cm</quantity>
lang und
<quantity id="FEF1CF3E433F2ECCDD17DEA684AE8111" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3-5 cm</quantity>
breit.
<emphasis id="EE3B71119F27021C18AE40558C3191CF" bold="true">
<normalizedToken id="440DA5C713F6BACDB04ACFA6B3FE7808" originalValue="Kelchzähne">Kelchzaehne</normalizedToken>
schmal 3eckig,
<normalizedToken id="CEF66C6A5D943A1856E15ED51FB9DFB3" originalValue="allmählich">allmaehlich</normalizedToken>
in die 1,5-
<quantity id="9A17F01AFC784A7B9D0871FBE3FAA7C6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
lange Granne
<normalizedToken id="3345FB781AB4E14FE74A77B311FE7D0F" originalValue="verschmälert">verschmaelert</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
, mit dieser
<quantity id="9F506AC4FD9A5B2F7D56DAABA30BAE4E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3-6 mm</quantity>
lang.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1CEEA6F813CC825A09C72EEB2F94826C" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="97318F2109D41BA366668CE41C4BDAE7">Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz kollin-montan / Sehr zerstreut CH</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="308AB8C4B1B60B915D25A37D2DAF55C9" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9FB59B2BF414E2BB1A3D29BF40E273D1">
Verbreitung global
<emphasis id="30190CB973C4C58968281FDE3EA98097" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="177074C8070230E67260BEA53C051BD4" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken id="7AD2379EAB961293B81F0B9E21B54C1A" originalValue="Osteuropäisch">Osteuropaeisch</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ED622D7F259D09110C86C7702296F4A3" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="6B4168F30AC86465FDEFD345BEB2610A">
<normalizedToken id="D3912BAC9641AE2FC24539440F6B5B0B" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte
<emphasis id="AC9DACC2438C14C5D2ABBB5F9F24E79A" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="8D6D3E20D9111257B4D12B121D3A5A01" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
2 + 35-44 + 5.g.2n=22
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E06E72563D240E4F0CB1D3BFD54FE4C4" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="D2EA1F392AC1846EF5B1F0D8EF22317C">Status</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2D707CF19D427253CE427FF52278D1F4" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="81712C6F94CC69741585BE8EB8E18E28">
<heading id="90BAA36CA748A8BDB6A549F86D4AAC02">Status IUCN</heading>
: Verletzlich
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13805753AC050E5121C427CFF7AB4EE9" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="0A2C03D6B273871DDECFF405D959F682">
Nationale
<normalizedToken id="982194FF5E90DF4ADA87112B4CA1F535" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
: 4 -
<normalizedToken id="FD218FFDB7E67BB88A8CFEB210D67061" originalValue="Mässige">Maessige</normalizedToken>
nationale
<normalizedToken id="A3175103724491FD2951E83B29F01D3E" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5E5F17F3B994E9B3B7291833915876E4">
<heading id="EED7A8B994650EF321E4375843939AF8">Internationale Verantwortung</heading>
: 1 - Gering Erhalten/
<normalizedToken id="8854377E03192353F0AB29D40CD553EE" originalValue="Fördern">Foerdern</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A943741C1BCE27CB1610EA18F4BC18E9" originalValue="Gefährdungen">Gefaehrdungen</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="CE92CB88856EAF4C1680F8A92FB7F49F" originalValue="Zerstörung">Zerstoerung</normalizedToken>
des Lebensraums (Neuanlage von Reben, Verbuschung, Verwaldung, Konkurrenz Hochstauden, etc.) Ungeeignete Pflege (&quot;Wegrandputzen&quot; und Pflege der
<normalizedToken id="A4286108DE7A66F5858DD7720AD855D4" originalValue="Ruderalflächen">Ruderalflaechen</normalizedToken>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="298DD477CE84C629F8BB8E6E5D18C548">
<heading id="E27FA5EDBB6C8600F2D3669BA7445E36">
<normalizedToken id="93A1EA805DC534C4F6D0DFA13225AFB2" originalValue="Ökologie">Oekologie</normalizedToken>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B761103BA085781E5FE639628985E95">Lebensform Geophyt</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F05CA8EE567510D508D863C8E19F78B7">
<heading id="0C3978E1DFC13187A6B258794CA5EBA8">Lebensraum Lebensraum</heading>
nach
<bibRefCitation id="9708B55AD0F9EC93DC5494F2B885FA33" author="Delarze, R. &amp; Gonseth, Y. &amp; Eggenberger, S. &amp; Vust, M." location="Bad Hersfeld, Germany" publisher="Ott Verlag" refString="Delarze, R., Gonseth, Y., Eggenberger, S., Vust, M. 2015. Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie Gefährdung Kennarten (3rd edition). Ott Verlag, Bad Hersfeld, Germany, 456 pp." title="Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie Gefährdung Kennarten (3rd edition)" year="2015">Delarze &amp; al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3181D3981D3525AB75FC0064FC06DD4D">
<table id="D97E47D54C05766AED778B695CDEF645" class="table" inLine="true">
<tr id="C1E67933F3AD93AB5144A92F70681956">
<td id="20385911FEA7B1C6C5F52A9797AC80E8">
<tbody id="41F856B6B3F6E3A4873B98CBA662EB2B">
7.1.8 -
<normalizedToken id="74ACDB6E0C3D35F0CA559422BAFE3CDA" originalValue="Lägerflur">Laegerflur</normalizedToken>
der Tieflagen (
<emphasis id="4B17168F77B074D3A7CECB524C03C53F" italics="true">Arction</emphasis>
)
</tbody>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="92E7A40ADB4C1FFE3EC2D63AF527E8DF">
<tableNote id="DE10837535EF0DF6981B9ED49CF98958">
<emphasis id="DB6FE8B91038A4DC6C6B0A19221EFA54" bold="true">fett</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DA86AAC3944C5C38D37141D2DD5DB4AB" italics="true">
Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes
<normalizedToken id="BE6577F9ECE67065105C57BDEBFA420F" originalValue="mitprägt">mitpraegt</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5410834155554DB9224FF96D64290CCF" italics="true">Charakterart</emphasis>
<emphasis id="78F10FDA16403E8D7CE093D04B98D8A2" italics="true">Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art</emphasis>
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BE2C1D65856354A35065944B664CAA80" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="3DEA78D100985BA916696CC6BA62CEE7">
<normalizedToken id="27E6A205C6D3DFD4AA9B9F2FF3647F38" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="22CD498983F7F8C114F85C33A63E5FE1" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0051A47F5EA196244E213048D51BB29C">
<table id="69EC78A7594A80F9B30AD149F89AA0F4" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="1CB88D54E26A2132917B5E2C422D74C0">
<tr id="02E7217981745D13330B499EC1A1ED70">
<th id="F99F2237A8D494CF1095B793960A2234" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="5A6C20A3D74AD1FC644A4D0F58988A70" bold="true">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="6F7970935D52BFFB24DC50B87E21D6F7" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="D2356DBD4D68E775907381EB8251400D" bold="true">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="54329F7C5856F473D2573B7B4DCFCD29" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="7A4D56E498F383CBFA8D4E436ED3E4E3" bold="true">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="C2746E229CDF11D472CB7F3069F224A5">
<td id="E49A033D4A3C29A6587EBB799F1C18F0">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="FFAE63AC9C6DE156A7D8E520FD1CF061" style="text-align:left;width:100px">frisch</td>
<td id="2BA6E16F944804ECF00A90FA0407ACBD">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="39E7F58B225E0F135D272EC86570A6A9" style="text-align:left;width:60px">hell</td>
<td id="85B2E715443833B24063DB36E75771E6">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="964D294207A94DEDE3938ABE0D1D5129" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FD0DC616A99C784C613453BF6FEE71EC">
<td id="498E76A38FFE72FD6E575D559E8419D0">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="26A87D0570A2C16780325FABD21AC865" style="text-align:left">schwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)</td>
<td id="B2F2EF7D914C959A7B43B1F1C4FB1184">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="EFF3E761AF31353B2633991C7D0E9D78" style="text-align:left">warm-kollin</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B339F1BEC6AB80FBEEF5EA12EB374DAD">
<td id="DD0332DAA5E1ACD12CC71906D682FDAE">
<normalizedToken id="B83DE90CEFA70461EE127F09A85EB98E" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
<td id="4FEE5E7DF5DBCC608D53F62355708C1D" style="text-align:left">
sehr
<normalizedToken id="365BE4D19CF4EEDCBC86EB70CCB4387A" originalValue="nährstoffreich">naehrstoffreich</normalizedToken>
bis
<normalizedToken id="B27D28D94C9D25B572B8AE200CF84BE1" originalValue="überdüngt">ueberduengt</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="889A07B7CB80C3A52BCA114A3EF2F5D3">
<normalizedToken id="9B0F121FC6A111B936756DF9F869FDE7" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="709E15A0AEEE74086128B1DD1B44FFE9" style="text-align:left">kontinental (sehr niedrige Luftfeuchtigkeit, sehr grosse Temperaturschwankungen, kalte Winter)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="45D3572689E62E07324F6E8C996ED018" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="AF56A50A4C72ABE2FD0ACC3EC4E48AA5">
<normalizedToken id="FB330A745960AB938F83DA61B95B5AC8" originalValue="Abhängigkeit">Abhaengigkeit</normalizedToken>
vom Wasser
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F75B8E9C7127DBAEC48F78FDB597707">
<table id="3C96B02F224EDB6A7C73F1A05EA42985" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="7AADC7FB7E4D7B656C790DF84466FC7D">
<tr id="D0550209C46CA68371E1614447744C35">
<td id="72AD7689602288410C50BD4BBB89910E">
<normalizedToken id="0600C0199614DDA570A1027C7A69AD87" originalValue="Flüsse">Fluesse</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="86E3879C0F7CF208B0F2D26398336D51">0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CBE0B3B365358E6260DF773EBE732BBE">
<td id="6001CAACC0099D31E95B5434BB934944">Ruhiges Wasser</td>
<td id="6EC24926F63ECA20FBDA59160ADAB0C7">0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3A4C0ABDE86651EB18BDC38DD7102EED">
<td id="1D01657B41E28C44E92DEF224067C6AB">Grundwasser</td>
<td id="67A843F32BC076A540E814927C607FD4">0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85D95D21F2C2AC5CF897A044BCAB6551">
<heading id="B269A4991BCCC53075BA36E9A84A8A4F">Nomenklatur</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2DF9308BE3FD0975A14A968B9876F693">
<heading id="59EB1E9EB42DC7734289419BB9064BA6">
<normalizedToken id="525E73C8A1A35B6E2FBA48C8A263CDAD" originalValue="Gültiger">Gueltiger</normalizedToken>
Name (
<bibRefCitation id="117B0093F66567B4FCAFBE410C95FE07" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</heading>
:
<taxonomicName id="A1EF8E82B03228B28A9B97A401403C03" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Ballota" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="nigra" subSpecies="nigra">
<emphasis id="726E860F2C0C57724AF6DF6266998EF7" italics="true">Ballota nigra</emphasis>
L. subsp.
<emphasis id="2DB6BCBA1C062869AD999A4068C8413E" italics="true">nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DA5AFE367F141479BA7FA956D49F44FB" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="9FE4BE89C239BBBFF90FBDE5CBDC2578">
Volksname Deutscher Name:
<vernacularName id="C6C071299E38DCE295A7166A54631FDC" language="deu">
<normalizedToken id="38287B4756B42A86AFE916F50A1B2E8E" originalValue="Gewöhnliche">Gewoehnliche</normalizedToken>
Schwarznessel
</vernacularName>
,
<vernacularName id="FA97F74D269CDA264572EB9F5B571C0D" language="deu">Schwarzer Gottvergess</vernacularName>
Nom
<normalizedToken id="67A75B26800934D630F7B31FF61BB35C" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
:
<vernacularName id="E05815D6A7EE479301F9A6C8D2BF0D65" language="fra">Ballote noire</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9528646120330E350576547C96A6CBD8" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8F72F11D45351924B45B465FE01BCB7E">Nome italiano: --</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8A094BE67DADBB5CE09A63556A9078FA" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4EFCECD85E7F436E6621EA8DE0B67C6D">
<normalizedToken id="40F43E702DF79F85D91C2BACA044E183" originalValue="Übereinstimmung">Uebereinstimmung</normalizedToken>
mit anderen Referenzwerken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6EAD1F544471119AA7360462A95B3ACF">
<table id="0F5C6715E278465965D1BB6871E0808D" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="8F1D3CA036C53678935C08435B2E9423">
<tr id="62B6784B78CAB767E641F641170662F7">
<th id="B240DEA42E9B85A66022D88F5EA59C81" width="80px">Relation</th>
<th id="8A85BC62EF65E034C041B45EFD48D0A0">Nom</th>
<th id="AD2F4F3935C381C89C655D7355AB949F">Referenzwerke</th>
<th id="481572681FB1E1E25B9100A13837FE77" width="90px">No</th>
</tr>
<tr id="D42D392C4BD82CD78A50FEF515E55F2D">
<td id="F9F7E5341A49C7813CE4F633FC164281" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="91C3A50063CDA952FEA6A8A6265BA1FA">
<taxonomicName id="1B52E7E5F8486CA361FEAAD329AFB39F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Ballota" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="nigra" subSpecies="nigra">Ballota nigra L. subsp. nigra</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="EC3CFE1C1B2DA43A5065688BCE58E50B">
<treatmentCitation id="96C0577DE53C8E617DF593FB08DC1AAA">
<bibRefCitation id="4FDF658DFF93B5CEE1E491AC7D7A2789" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="1117233F3D3E06A110C3A96BAA337505">58000</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D937510B332CD5E8BD5D41A0587727F1">
<td id="69454A99F8EDD6DAD340B3A87FC92831" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="D697FB6A09037680747E14149CBDC787">
<taxonomicName id="F8E703876706E75D768EE318ACDBD7A3">Ballota nigra L. s.str.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="BD8D42ECE3A94666E4253B10F9CC76F9">
<treatmentCitation id="D3820C257111F333E84BB12D7EBFB06A">
<bibRefCitation id="C7D14BEE2656E5CCFE1643179C9BEE45">Flora Helvetica 2001</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="F190F40BCFDE339F947975997A3A75B2">1665</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5EBA2F56EAB79515B68DBE45AEE1B0B7">
<td id="ACC4C54EC21E28BEE03D359F66F4A883" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="60A42618A63515ED8B0FA98F9E2B40D1">
<taxonomicName id="992E9AF9BBA914F3A127B38A5E3A4DC9">Ballota nigra L. s.str.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="A28E059AC68971F61F9C0408ADA82A7D">
<treatmentCitation id="83A1DBC62E60C925F74C51B06C494A92">
<bibRefCitation id="A24ADA91A78E4FB914B4C8217A039F2F">Flora Helvetica 2012</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="B35EF421A4F396CC0B07D9F2A8579D2A">1573</td>
</tr>
<tr id="62B495DAF0EB7026E1E7C3AA7583E52C">
<td id="15CFD88ED28358B20112C44610E51DAD" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="DCC3DE7AFB6C7A4E89492BF08AC974D1">
<taxonomicName id="748667B8675359A29A0ECBD4768ACD00" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Ballota" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="nigra" subSpecies="nigra">Ballota nigra L. subsp. nigra</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E74B4F21D8D525ABEE1F11B4AA23A247">
<treatmentCitation id="FFE1DDA0D1BDDDDE1D73C7653FDEAE40" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2EC1507DA5D7F323D5BFB535E02EF6CC">
<bibRefCitation id="834F53075816F87C23FC5308A7663121">Flora Helvetica 2018</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="B6E6B45E9A409D6E278C99B3C0D95F85">1573</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2A76BD1126A4C99B2F830EB0FF8A144F">
<td id="B1A67F90583C08CB8496DC3A23C6BC02" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="B778A224F737694AE00B79292F24CF8A">
<taxonomicName id="77C0908BFFACDE027CC10A62E976B126">Ballota nigra L. s.str.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="D20C3BF10322DB0EB881C1BD01ECDADE">
<treatmentCitation id="8418FC78025CF5596126B400C10C5275">
<bibRefCitation id="7FE74D7C68657B27C2F3731709765EB9">Index synonymique 1996</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="55589C5F6A2B6B5F72342FD12C96B382">58000</td>
</tr>
<tr id="ACDE1160E3697FF7E1D01B9AAF32C3B0">
<td id="C3A7BAC5F72550EB49874FC734E0B538" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="9F2BA80FA2E492C0905E9383346B0D48">
<taxonomicName id="8E5B06C573294E4AB62F6D9C9DDB6E4C">Ballota nigra L. s.str.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="358EC12C7DDBEDACDB525A741A68C5E3">
<treatmentCitation id="559ACF4E4565298135372C6B021ECF58">
<bibRefCitation id="B856E5F828CC183B1F9ED5ECA0236996">Landolt 1977</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="82E97FC6B7FD9250CE787839C12CFDCB">2503</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3C9E305749AC4CF59BCFB74A4E04C2AE">
<td id="7F8E5D1BAD136E00DCC7A829B0DB9BA7" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="467115D54EC4E801D1BAEADCD0B7C5E3">
<taxonomicName id="6CC623847D47D98F32FD452CE60043F3">Ballota nigra L. s.str.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="4348B1E88D7C42565D1D240FEBF22550">
<treatmentCitation id="99656096A8AE9F54B96ABDE0235BE852">
<bibRefCitation id="3264299D0DB504E43D4948B08EDC1D98">Landolt 1991</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="B11973765C200907415B990D913D3C32">2035</td>
</tr>
<tr id="727525F2DB0764D0AF58D080A5197DBD">
<td id="03BB193AF617B147D799C6C903FC0587" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="664374F4FE6C3317F83FE5EDB74737F8">
<taxonomicName id="9AA484F05ACF7103CDC2A33B37DD304E">Ballota nigra L. s.str.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="9DAA046E7ED32E64E4A9C1EF821CA6B9">
<treatmentCitation id="531768DFCDD61EAE6C0529B698E08DF8">
<bibRefCitation id="F396C3E9F3E6FA3E72C5F95E64CD1420">SISF/ISFS 2</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="F0EEE2D8F061629EF7AE2BE8FCB370F2">58000</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5775E9D84C805582AB54891C555791A0">
<td id="936CCEC530BAAF887DE9C68202677032" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="0045680E14F1EDFE9AFEAB8248BD5431">
<taxonomicName id="BD042B7EBE144732FD4C0DB025572380">Ballota nigra L. s.str.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="AA5A577AE3409EF2EF3BCBD8BBEE3E8A">
<treatmentCitation id="45A1C1EB36C95994955CECDFE42474CD">
<bibRefCitation id="5B74EBF5A4BC048F28A4F7FFA522374F">Welten &amp; Sutter 1982</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="5537E5169C2E45C58C4EA71D00FB4DF2">1396</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CF3C1C999AC725FE2A03875EEFB29EAA">
<tableNote id="296321572191F05CD33AD8F9DCFA6540">
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon
<normalizedToken id="1100179A4242B05B9C841CDD905E6362" originalValue="überein">ueberein</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D26CA17F64DD42891073E9CB8FF8D21E" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) &lt;Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="8217349DF6F79F3D0EEDAD63E9E198A2" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) enthalten&gt; Taxon
<normalizedToken id="E103A028412B59EAFA312BC20364087E" originalValue="enthält">enthaelt</normalizedToken>
(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="03ED757BBDC5C03910F36538E68F6A2C" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="20A7D72D03338F4AC2DC6F71948372E0" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="2478B77C0CF7802446D1A7384C25C349">
Kommentare aus der
<bibRefCitation id="73C87DE4A947AC9922F4878585846443" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
Wegfall des Ausdrucks s.str.: Alle &quot;im engeren Sinn&quot; (sensu stricto, s.str.) gefassten Arten werden neu in Unterarten mit gleichlautendem Unterart-Epithet gefasst (autonyme Unterart). Checklist
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BDC591B69A73928ED77EF7EC8F43854A" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="94CCD25F20DA24028E6406F3C94D1FFF">
<heading id="423E04F45E76B577DF3887244D6E5C03">Status Indigenat</heading>
: Archeophyt: vor der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (vor 1500)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7CD7DD75F6BA43198524ED8AED660CC3">
<emphasis id="B83515157AEC5D62A75CFB518A82D475" bold="true">
<heading id="622F11E8A9F4D682A580696A336ECB5B">
Liste der
<normalizedToken id="843EA4C8A4527C53D86849A637E18C33" originalValue="gefährdeten">gefaehrdeten</normalizedToken>
Pflanzen IUCN
</heading>
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="EEDCA3D5CB3B645FB86AA064F976C8D5" author="Walter, K.S. &amp; Gillett, H.J." location="Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" publisher="IUCN" refString="Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (editors). 1998. 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" title="IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants" year="1997">Walter &amp; Gillett 1997</bibRefCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Nein
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3CCFCB3B045EC49D4631510D27191376">
<heading id="ECCD192525D830EF47A7B6EB7EE3FA10">Status Rote Liste national 2016</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87FACD1060515A9CE69B2B2B285AEAE2">
<heading id="4C154DDB974F1C318320480B37569A09">Status IUCN</heading>
: Verletzlich
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="186D7D4ABA31B18F17C9F088EE12C9A6">
<heading id="6CE66ADB5A6B7923623D030DE331670C">
<normalizedToken id="22ABEB26EDE480741ED724F346A3E8F1" originalValue="Zusätzliche">Zusaetzliche</normalizedToken>
Informationen
</heading>
Kriterien IUCN: D1
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2655541D66A56B910A3C43D71ECBBBA7">
<heading id="E39A81EF0B2AFC0B081C41197D4951B8">Status Rote Liste regional 2019</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="42E2535CC4FD997CC296BAFE59412086">
<table id="1143FFC26D87C2DC51E60E51F31869CD" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="6BC20432FB283D0C005D7A8463E7340F">
<tr id="4EE5E849D30528600AC3C996412A3D55">
<th id="BBECC6AFEE2CE41F51A9FC560B6904DD">Biogeografische Regionen</th>
<th id="FD405867F2E3CC304C4A42BC74E74184">Status</th>
<th id="73EC3D5DDD5E6A6B31FEF7756B853C11">Kriterien IUCN</th>
</tr>
<tr id="002E5FD75520AA543B656CD737768DB7">
<td id="877B9BBC56C2FB2D10C118D9EE6DB46C" class="regional_status">Jura (JU)</td>
<td id="527B45C86BF0119FF72B14D2F154C7E0">nicht beurteilt (Not Evaluated)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FDDACA3445CF277512A7F50428CE5B4A">
<td id="80FE5D5F30152D201F2CB3433B054142" class="regional_status">Mittelland (MP)</td>
<td id="5DEDA4757D995DFF572FC748037C7867">nicht beurteilt (Not Evaluated)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="65FD4F38C1170DA8DA508E672BF90085">
<td id="9F20D7505F6151A4CB20D3C7E3BBB97C" class="regional_status">Alpennordflanke (NA)</td>
<td id="BDD3FCD7CA6360658735A15C5884B61D">nicht beurteilt (Not Evaluated)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="581023007E801B5ED1008124C3379EB4">
<td id="6DD2630DAE513F8E7F0DFD8A900AD806" class="regional_status">
<normalizedToken id="23F106EF62C124E048A37EE0689524EA" originalValue="Alpensüdflanke">Alpensuedflanke</normalizedToken>
(SA)
</td>
<td id="96772052B809CA2994059B44AC3D61CE">nicht beurteilt (Not Evaluated)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="77BD1BE2CA1728BFBEA98D7C31B2CAC7">
<td id="C9D78410D54E6FDA3432CE950294F600" class="regional_status">
<normalizedToken id="602CA1A60ABDD538CD0FBD40207A4DAE" originalValue="Östliche">Oestliche</normalizedToken>
Zentralalpen (EA)
</td>
<td id="FF514BE9992F1DD259F9D54C48D35DD3">nicht beurteilt (Not Evaluated)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E163052876B5DE7DF5BC38BA1B73BB7B">
<td id="1D8C73E58895B9CDB3043333FDC4A439" class="regional_status">Westliche Zentralalpen (WA)</td>
<td id="F1746405E1AD8DA18016EFF692DCB618">nicht beurteilt (Not Evaluated)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="33B2BEA4F1C29820A6B7D17DA70A493C">
<heading id="469B528FAA4A1912229AB965FB7B05E9">
Status nationale
<normalizedToken id="BAEDDA74CFA4D9E12529166A75224AB2" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
/Verantwortung
</heading>
</paragraph>
<table id="723F6943E7D253A98175BD77D006D804" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="793048667A1BE02267A26A1D1E82FF45">
<paragraph id="01BC5EB49D3F7F50CB2641F10A3D4546">
<tr id="DE3C6A532415413E0B9DDDA702DA00C8">
<td id="9DE9B2EA12B65036FC2029EA449AFF36" style="width:50%">
<emphasis id="F3EF5CD4689CED38314CE942E780A2EF" bold="true">
Nationale
<normalizedToken id="626A3137B65A6D9E9273BF89F5AD3FBD" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="3AD5823167BE6E3686A476C6DDFAB349">
4 -
<normalizedToken id="E5C3CD7D2591FD3DBA789C6E761858B4" originalValue="Mässige">Maessige</normalizedToken>
nationale
<normalizedToken id="0BF9E3413458720667E7AD5225AD7F9D" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AB2CA1EA3F9F06303D7DC5D5C2368045">
<td id="5903CB4093D209BF7EB9331F19B45F92">
<emphasis id="F72C122662ADB880BB7C5168285CB71F" bold="true">Massnahmenbedarf</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="E38E439950AF4C7288B5DA967BD63EAC">
1 -
<normalizedToken id="3FF958F83432E641F8D227C854C5E57F" originalValue="Möglicher">Moeglicher</normalizedToken>
(unsicherer) Massnahmebedarf
</td>
</tr>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44D054A0A10949EE2E86EF8CADA2E3A4">
<tr id="B29A055C95C13B4148FAB9CB6C218C0E">
<td id="5E76304861F37A9D148199BDA8B0F20B">
<heading id="85CD2C11A739004C5F4CBD6825C5A590">
<emphasis id="0DD5ABC528B9196E8DCE0975C706E345" bold="true">Internationale Verantwortung</emphasis>
</heading>
</td>
<td id="13B35293F75A77040EC2476216849668">1 - Gering</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3A51AD286B0A14DC9B07636BAC9C73D9">
<td id="F33C589443BE1B4BC1BFD6999D2546F5">
<emphasis id="981171E73F0083FD1D66A0DAE30D4213" bold="true">
<normalizedToken id="8A5CE4DF69385745B2D9261C2186C5BC" originalValue="Überwachung">Ueberwachung</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B7EFD3657410CCB3676FD8C0F8649AFD" originalValue="Bestände">Bestaende</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="D2011AB6659276EA2FABDAE697580E67">
0 -
<normalizedToken id="3DB5EE6505E0E7E59424A75F3212B2A4" originalValue="Überwachung">Ueberwachung</normalizedToken>
ist nicht
<normalizedToken id="44CC9CA18BB4E8306EA76253758CD29E" originalValue="nötig">noetig</normalizedToken>
</td>
</tr>
</paragraph>
</tbody>
</table>
<paragraph id="559AD26F29F970D04DBAA8E42503C4BE">
<heading id="319221B14B2C14C5C0F0964B935761AD">Schutzstatus</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C1FC1E3579656C74ECD13C51C3DEDA99">
<table id="EA9D22342C1F62602930FC189BE40C00" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="1A6DADDDF730F6031934038DB4623362">
<tr id="8AB260E7E09126A3A07DB2FF09A49F77">
<td id="14F7C04CF4C73D79551AD5B4FCEB8BC0" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="48DD55918C259B94923C677DDA44D98A" bold="true">International (Berner Konvention)</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="F2A8385A154085381BE918905B1BC1C3" width="90px">Nein</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9401BE16A32E21AB5806E0416C4AEC3D">
<td id="6865DF06F0870BBE7D85B64ED4A69228">
<emphasis id="6F25DAFF02315C6EBE95F9DC374E72F5" bold="true">VD</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="9CFCCB90176D0E725F162464533F6BED" width="150px">
<normalizedToken id="C7911C771EC1F6A5DCB3261D4FE27413" originalValue="Vollständig">Vollstaendig</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="157F569379995280CA6030AC5CB0973E" originalValue="geschützt">geschuetzt</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="BDA544B872CB1B27C52EC427E8124C69">(02.03.2005)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A8DF3D0E6E5FE0C7F49789B038112CB3">
<table id="197744F08337EF2FDCD1E6393D93A187" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tr id="D3CFD860E17EE1E8E5B73730112299E4">
<tbody id="6438599622FC9B4FDD5C5A2BA68DB7D1">
<td id="05E3903964BCC756E96077D4EACFB04F">
<emphasis id="5F5A2B3AD38FAFF6CE88099FAE13C978" bold="true">Schweiz</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="C100EB80276B2E8A323FB91B71CF7B91" width="150px">--</td>
</tbody>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D279F8BD63B3F2847E0506E171313B38" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="A401E52D14CF2B4258E99E73006F5BF8">
Erhalten/
<normalizedToken id="E90A100D2DBCDFF63F89DB86ADADCBF3" originalValue="Fördern">Foerdern</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B9AF6A159A6BE5D99F4F4C9464812264" originalValue="Gefährdungen">Gefaehrdungen</normalizedToken>
und Massnahmen
<normalizedToken id="98D01A449621722AFDD4EDB233601C22" originalValue="Zerstörung">Zerstoerung</normalizedToken>
des Lebensraums (Neuanlage von Reben, Verbuschung, Verwaldung, Konkurrenz Hochstauden, etc.) Erhaltung und
<normalizedToken id="A4EF24AED72BBAAF21A36DFD38652A7D" originalValue="Förderung">Foerderung</normalizedToken>
von sehr trockenen,
<normalizedToken id="CA0F0049AB88F4AFE5C4111DA93E2A0C" originalValue="nährstoffreichen">naehrstoffreichen</normalizedToken>
, leicht ruderalen Trockenstandorten (
<normalizedToken id="833FFBC0347D47A65DCFA5B6E043B041" originalValue="Steilböschungen">Steilboeschungen</normalizedToken>
zwischen Reben) Leichte
<normalizedToken id="3A896CDD0920F62B346898C4D6F49FE7" originalValue="Störung">Stoerung</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9E70E911AA4614B8BA6865387C60DDDF" originalValue="fördern">foerdern</normalizedToken>
Ungeeignete Pflege (&quot;Wegrandputzen&quot; und Pflege der
<normalizedToken id="543B311F5C74A35EF1167E54E43A10B6" originalValue="Ruderalflächen">Ruderalflaechen</normalizedToken>
) Verhinderung des
<normalizedToken id="46A90D032EBBC497F62A5A96619D4EED" originalValue="vollständigen">vollstaendigen</normalizedToken>
&quot;Putzens&quot; von Wegen, Wiesen und
<normalizedToken id="70E110842F9218AB9C8974433EBD810E" originalValue="Brachflächen">Brachflaechen</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="6DA824231323FA6CA8F1EBCCE91205EC" originalValue="Förderung">Foerderung</normalizedToken>
von
<normalizedToken id="433BB93FD89D773E1DFDF7A517B0D8A0" originalValue="ungemähten">ungemaehten</normalizedToken>
und
<normalizedToken id="DC50C3AF4E7861A13F3F7451A7D81125" originalValue="natürlichen">natuerlichen</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5F1BEE25AFC4CAC47758B6ADAA0419A4" originalValue="Flächen">Flaechen</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="1B6E0213F6EF84C6194239CC5FEC5BD6" originalValue="Ruderalflächen">Ruderalflaechen</normalizedToken>
und Brachen um Chalets und
<normalizedToken id="192F26FDEC9A0CB8094AE0E3BA447B0C" originalValue="Ställen">Staellen</normalizedToken>
erhalten
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
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<mods:title id="FDFBDFB38B8BA33EBD31B75755ADC638">Plukenetia kwangoensis sp. nov. (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae, Plukenetieae), a new species of Plukenetia L. sect. Hedraiostylus (Hassk.) Müll. Arg. from Democratic Republic of Congo</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="488BE9FDC3932950CE13AA0A9B186DE7">Gillespie, Lynn J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F9D2582CC30D34645260B094A8277C5B">Adansonia</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E2F802159CB561D40979D51AF353BB0F">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="755BF679DA0EDDBAA596222441221BDA">3</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="900E8F6B60B122F9FD9F69B3FF8B90EF">2023-04-17</mods:number>
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<treatment id="701A8781FFC4570FA8CAFF7F6F236A2C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7846086" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209561529" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7846086" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701A8781FFC4570FA8CAFF7F6F236A2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/701A8781FFC4570FA8CAFF7F6F236A2C" lastPageNumber="148" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
<subSubSection id="B0A9651CFFC4570FA8CAFF7F6EDA681E" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC4570FA8CAFF7F6EDA681E" blockId="9.[410,1178,216,274]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D14FFC4570FABF0FF7E6E1469FC" authority="Cardinal-McTeague &amp; Gillespie 2020" box="[741,1108,216,242]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Hedraiostylus">
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC4570FABF0FF7E692469FC" box="[741,868,217,242]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">PLUKENETIA</emphasis>
SECT.
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC4570FAAB8FF7E6E1469FC" box="[941,1108,217,242]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">HEDRAIOSTYLUS</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(modified from
<bibRefCitation id="9C224B66FFC4570FAB5DFF5068A5681E" author="GILLESPIE L. J." box="[584,741,247,274]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" pagination="780 - 802" refId="ref5922" refString="GILLESPIE L. J. 2007. - A revision of paleotropical Plukenetia (Euphorbiaceae) including two new species from Madagascar. Systematic Botany 32: 780 - 802. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364407783390782" type="journal article" year="2007">Gillespie 2007</bibRefCitation>
; Cardinal-McTeague &amp; Gillespie 2020)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0A9651CFFC4570FA9C5FE8A6F236A2C" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" type="key">
<key id="8C2261A6FFC4570FA9C5FE8A6F236A2C" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
<keyStep id="43472E32FFC4570FA9C5FE8A6F2168D8" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC4570FA9C5FE8A6F226872" blockId="9.[208,1380,301,801]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
<keyLead id="434295A2FFC4570FA9C5FE8A6F226872" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
1. Petioles&gt; (1-)
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FA89BFE8A6B846848" box="[398,452,301,325]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
long; leaf blades&gt; (2-)
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FABA3FE8A68AC6848" box="[694,748,301,325]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
wide, base deeply cordate; stipels present adaxially at petiole apex,
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FA82FFEEE6BE2686D" box="[314,418,329,353]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5-1 mm</quantity>
long; capsules with strap-shaped wing
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FAA26FEEE69D4686D" box="[819,916,329,353]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="6.0">6-12 mm</quantity>
long on each carpel lobe; southeast Asia ..... ...........................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D14FFC4570FADBCFEC06F226872" ID-CoL="4KJ3Q" authority="Sm." authorityName="Sm." box="[1193,1378,358,382]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="corniculata">
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC4570FADBCFEC06EF86872" box="[1193,1208,359,382]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC4570FADD0FEC16F736872" box="[1221,1331,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">corniculata</emphasis>
Sm.
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC4570FA9C5FE246F2168D8" blockId="9.[208,1380,301,801]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
<keyLead id="434295A2FFC4570FA9C5FE246F2168D8" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
— Petioles &lt;
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FA873FE246BEE6896" box="[358,430,387,411]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
long; leaf blades &lt;
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FAB61FE2468FC6896" box="[628,700,387,411]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="3.5">3.5 cm</quantity>
wide, base obtuse, rounded, truncate, acute, attenuate, hastate, or rarely sagittate; stipels absent or present adaxially at petiole apex,
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FAAB6FE386E6068BB" box="[931,1056,415,439]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.1">0.1-0.6 mm</quantity>
long; capsules with tubercle or wing
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FA822FE1B6B3568D8" box="[311,373,444,468]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long on each carpel lobe; southern and central Africa ............................................................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="43472E32FFC4570FA9C5FE576F216B52" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC4570FA9C5FE576F216B28" blockId="9.[208,1380,301,801]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
<keyLead id="434295A2FFC4570FA9C5FE576F216B28" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
2. Leaf blades elliptic or ovate,
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FAB0AFE48683C6B0B" box="[543,636,495,519]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="2.0">2-4.5 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FABA9FE57696E6B0B" box="[700,814,496,520]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="2.3" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="1.3">1.3-3.3 cm</quantity>
wide, L/W = 1.2-1.7, bases rounded to broadly obtuse;
<collectingCountry id="80A47607FFC4570FA9E8FDAB6B066B28" box="[253,326,524,548]" name="Angola" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Angola</collectingCountry>
............................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D14FFC4570FAD80FDAA6F216B28" ID-CoL="4KJ46" authority="Prain" authorityName="Prain" box="[1173,1377,524,548]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procumbens">
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC4570FAD80FDAA6EE46B28" box="[1173,1188,525,548]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC4570FADA4FDAB6F646B28" box="[1201,1316,524,548]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">procumbens</emphasis>
Prain
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC4570FA9C5FD8D6F216B52" blockId="9.[208,1380,301,801]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
<keyLead id="434295A2FFC4570FA9C5FD8D6F216B52" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
— Leaf blades narrowly triangular, lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or linear-oblong,
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FAD24FD8E6E3C6B4D" box="[1073,1148,553,577]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3-8 cm</quantity>
long, 0.2-1.5 (-3) cm wide, L/W = 2-10, bases acute, attenuate, truncate, hastate, rarely sagittate or obtuse ................................. 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="43472E32FFC4570FA9C5FDDE6F236A2C" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC4570FA9C5FDDE6F226BC7" blockId="9.[208,1380,301,801]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
<keyLead id="434295A2FFC4570FA9C5FDDE6F226BC7" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
3. Petioles
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FA844FDDE6BE46B9D" box="[337,420,633,657]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="2.0">2-9 mm</quantity>
long; stipels usually present adaxially at petiole apex; leaf blade secondary veins 2-8/side, bases often hastate; pistillate pedicels
<quantity id="3F4B9B72FFC4570FAB28FD3168DD6BA1" box="[573,669,662,686]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="3.0">3-10 mm</quantity>
long;
<collectingCountry id="80A47607FFC4570FABC9FD3169026BA1" box="[732,834,662,685]" name="Botswana" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Botswana</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="80A47607FFC4570FAA5EFD3169966BA2" box="[843,982,662,686]" name="Mozambique" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="80A47607FFC4570FAAF5FD316E7D6BA2" box="[992,1085,662,686]" name="Namibia" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Namibia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="80A47607FFC4570FAD50FD316E896BA2" box="[1093,1225,662,686]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="80A47607FFC4570FADC7FD316F656BA2" box="[1234,1317,662,686]" name="Zambia" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Zambia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="80A47607FFC4570FAC3BFD316B7E6BC7" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
..................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D14FFC4570FADA7FD146F226BC7" ID-CoL="4KJ3G" authority="Sond." authorityName="Sond." box="[1202,1378,691,715]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC4570FADA7FD146E816BC6" box="[1202,1217,691,714]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC4570FADDBFD146F5F6BC7" box="[1230,1311,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">africana</emphasis>
Sond.
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC4570FA9C5FD776F236A2C" blockId="9.[208,1380,301,801]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
<keyLead id="434295A2FFC4570FA9C5FD776F236A2C" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
— Petioles
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long; stipels absent; leaf blade secondary veins 10-16/side, bases narrowly acute and often attenuate, never hastate; pistillate pedicels
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long;
<collectingCountry id="80A47607FFC4570FAA7BFD4B6E9A6A08" box="[878,1242,748,772]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
.................. ...............................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D14FFC4570FAAE7FCAD6F496A2D" authority="L.J.Gillespie" authorityName="L. J. Gillespie" authorityYear="2023" box="[1010,1289,777,801]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangoensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC4570FAAE7FCAD6EC16A2D" box="[1010,1153,777,801]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">P. kwangoensis</emphasis>
L.J.Gillespie
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,
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</keyLead>
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</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
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<mods:title id="FAB9710593469A94190D3C90E59E70A4">Plukenetia kwangoensis sp. nov. (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae, Plukenetieae), a new species of Plukenetia L. sect. Hedraiostylus (Hassk.) Müll. Arg. from Democratic Republic of Congo</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3913FEC638DC4BF93A739D7ECA48B645">2023</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="3FB34D14FFC5570EAA2EFC106F126AC3" authority="(Hassk.) Mull. Arg." authorityName="Mull. Arg." baseAuthorityName="Hassk." box="[827,1362,949,977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Hedraiostylus">
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC5570EAA2EFC1069EF6ADD" bold="true" box="[827,943,951,977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="147">Plukenetia</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC5570EAAF9FC106E3F6ADD" bold="true" box="[1004,1151,951,977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="147">Hedraiostylus</emphasis>
(Hassk.) Müll.Arg.
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC5570EAC4DFC116F2E6AC3" box="[1368,1390,950,975]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="147">in</emphasis>
DC.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC5570EAA50FC496FF16D0A" blockId="8.[816,1457,1006,1105]" box="[837,1457,1006,1030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="147">
<bibCitation id="2D993EFBFFC5570EAA50FC496FED6D0A" box="[837,1453,1006,1030]" issue="2" journal="Prodromussystematisnaturalisregnivegetabilis" page="772" pageId="8" pageNumber="147" score="1.97023359760351E-6" volume="15" year="1866">
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC5570EAA50FC496E876D0A" box="[837,1223,1006,1030]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="147">Prodromussystematisnaturalisregnivegetabilis</emphasis>
15 (2): 772(
<bibRefCitation id="9C224B66FFC5570EAC23FC496FE36D0A" author="MULLER J." box="[1334,1443,1006,1030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="147" pagination="1 - 1286" refId="ref6058" refString="MULLER J. 1866. - Euphorbiaceae, in CANDOLLE A. P. DE (ed.), Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis. Vol. 15, part 2. Masson, Paris: 1 - 1286." type="book chapter" year="1866">Müller1866</bibRefCitation>
)
</bibCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0A9651CFFC5570EAA50FBB96FF16CA1" pageId="8" pageNumber="147" type="description">
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC5570EAA50FBB969B96D5D" blockId="8.[816,1457,1006,1105]" pageId="8" pageNumber="147">See Cardinal-McTeague &amp; Gillespie (2020) for taxonomy and complete synonymy.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC5570EAA3BFBD26E6F6D81" blockId="8.[813,1459,1141,1295]" box="[814,1071,1141,1167]" pageId="8" pageNumber="147">EMENDED DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC5570EAA3BFB336EF66C03" blockId="8.[813,1459,1141,1295]" pageId="8" pageNumber="147">[derived from Cardinal-McTeague &amp; Gillespie (2020)]. Vines, lianas, or perennial herbs, stems slender, scandent, procumbent, or erect, twining or not. Leaf venation palmate or pinnate, primary veins 1 or 3(-5).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC5570EAA3BFA9369F46C42" blockId="8.[814,1458,1332,1453]" box="[814,948,1332,1358]" pageId="8" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="CAC7EA85FFC5570EAA3BFA9369F46C42" box="[814,948,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="147">Inflorescences</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C3697FFC5570EAA3BFAF36FF16CA1" blockId="8.[814,1458,1332,1453]" pageId="8" pageNumber="147">Bisexual racemes (rarely racemose thyrses); pistillate flowers solitary (rarely 2) at basal-most node(s); staminate flowers 1/ node (sometimes 1-2/node in reduced condensed cymules).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
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<taxonomicName authority="L.J.Gillespie" authorityName="L. J. Gillespie" authorityYear="2023" box="[888,1287,1557,1584]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangoensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[888,1144,1558,1584]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">Plukenetia kwangoensis</emphasis>
L.J.Gillespie
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,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1298,1381,1557,1583]" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[888,1381,1557,1615]" box="[1065,1203,1589,1615]" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">
(
<figureCitation box="[1074,1138,1589,1615]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[132,143,1986,2003]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,215,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[148,1471,192,1855]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 1. — Plukenetia kwangoensis L.J.Gillespie, sp. nov., Germain 2617 (MO): A, habit; B, pistillate flower; C, immature fruit; D, mature fruit; E, seed. Illustration by Jessica Cosham. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, C, E, 1 mm; D, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7841492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7841492/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">Figs 1</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation box="[1152,1166,1589,1615]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[294,305,2008,2025]" captionTargetBox="[257,1331,215,1954]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[257,1331,215,1954]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Plukenetia kwangoensis L.J.Gillespie, sp. nov., holotype specimen: R.G.A. Germain 2617 (BR0000015669865)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7841496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7841496/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">2</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation box="[1180,1194,1589,1615]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,704,721]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,660]" captionTargetId="figure-639@6.[131,889,213,661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Plukenetia kwangoensis L.J.Gillespie, sp. nov., Germain 2617 (BR0000015669865): A, staminate flowers; B, pistillate flower; C, immature fruit. Scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7841500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7841500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName authority="Gillespie, 2023" authorityName="L. J. Gillespie" authorityYear="2023" box="[813,1032,1659,1683]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangoensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[813,1032,1659,1683]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">Plukenetia kwangoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1038,1112,1659,1682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
belongs to sect.
<taxonomicName box="[1270,1394,1659,1683]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Hedraiostylus">
<emphasis box="[1270,1394,1659,1683]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">Hedraiostylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the character combination of short styles (&lt;
<quantity box="[1275,1334,1685,1709]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long), small dry capsules (≤
<quantity box="[960,1008,1712,1736]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
in diam.), small lenticular seeds, and foveolate pollen. It is distinguished from all other species in the section by its very short petioles (
<quantity box="[1003,1122,1765,1789]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5-1.5 mm</quantity>
vs
<quantity box="[1154,1246,1765,1789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="31.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="2.0">2-60 mm</quantity>
long) and leaf blades with narrowly acute bases that are often attenuate along the petiole (vs obtuse to cordate, hastate, or sagittate), pinnate venation (vs palmate or 3-nerved venation except rarely appearing pinnate in
<taxonomicName authority="Sond." authorityName="Sond." box="[814,981,1871,1895]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis box="[814,914,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">P. africana</emphasis>
Sond.
</taxonomicName>
), and numerous secondary veins (10-16 vs 2-8). Additionally, it differs from
<taxonomicName box="[1100,1206,1897,1921]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis box="[1100,1112,1898,1921]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1127,1206,1897,1921]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">africana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authority="Prain" authorityName="Prain" box="[1260,1455,1897,1921]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procumbens">
<emphasis box="[1260,1396,1897,1921]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">P. procumbens</emphasis>
Prain
</taxonomicName>
by its shorter pistillate flower pedicels (
<quantity box="[1205,1326,1924,1948]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.4">1.4-1.8 mm</quantity>
vs ≥
<quantity box="[1382,1445,1924,1948]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
), from
<taxonomicName box="[866,998,1950,1974]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procumbens">
<emphasis box="[866,998,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">P. procumbens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its linear-oblong leaf blades (L/W = 6-10 vs elliptic or ovate and L/W &lt;2), and from
<taxonomicName box="[1223,1322,1977,2001]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis box="[1223,1322,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">P. africana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its lack of stipels at the petiole apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7841492" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7841492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7841492/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="143" startId="4.[132,143,1986,2003]" targetBox="[161,1427,215,1835]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph blockId="4.[132,1455,1986,2025]" pageId="4" pageNumber="143">
FIG. 1. —
<taxonomicName authority="L.J.Gillespie" authorityName="L. J. Gillespie" authorityYear="2023" box="[213,521,1986,2003]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="143" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangoensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[213,411,1986,2003]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="143">Plukenetia kwangoensis</emphasis>
L.J.Gillespie
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[528,597,1986,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="143" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<emphasis box="[606,723,1986,2003]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="143">Germain 2617</emphasis>
(MO):
<emphasis bold="true" box="[779,792,1986,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="143">A</emphasis>
, habit;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[854,867,1986,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="143">B</emphasis>
, pistillate flower;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1014,1028,1986,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="143">C</emphasis>
, immature fruit;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1164,1178,1986,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="143">D</emphasis>
, mature fruit;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1295,1307,1986,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="143">E</emphasis>
, seed. Illustration by Jessica Cosham. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, C, E, 1 mm; D, 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7841496" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7841496" box="[294,1294,2008,2025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7841496/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" startId="5.[294,305,2008,2025]" targetBox="[257,1331,215,1954]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph blockId="5.[294,1294,2008,2025]" box="[294,1294,2008,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="144">
FIG. 2. —
<taxonomicName authority="L.J.Gillespie" authorityName="L. J. Gillespie" authorityYear="2023" box="[374,682,2008,2025]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangoensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[374,572,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="144">Plukenetia kwangoensis</emphasis>
L.J.Gillespie
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[690,760,2008,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype specimen:
<emphasis box="[935,1113,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="144">R.G.A. Germain 2617</emphasis>
(BR0000015669865).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7841500" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7841500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7841500/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" startId="6.[132,143,704,721]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,660]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1455,704,743]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
FIG. 3. —
<taxonomicName authority="L.J.Gillespie" authorityName="L. J. Gillespie" authorityYear="2023" box="[214,523,704,721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangoensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[214,412,704,721]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Plukenetia kwangoensis</emphasis>
L.J.Gillespie
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[531,599,704,721]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<emphasis box="[609,727,704,721]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Germain 2617</emphasis>
(BR0000015669865):
<emphasis bold="true" box="[914,927,704,721]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">A</emphasis>
, staminate flowers;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1096,1109,704,721]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">B</emphasis>
, pistillate flower;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1256,1276,704,721]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">C,</emphasis>
immature fruit. Scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C, 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="145" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="6.[130,776,822,1206]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1944-08-04" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="Lufimi &amp; de la Ngambi" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Entre Kwango-Lufuna" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[132,181,822,845]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
<collectionCode box="[132,181,822,845]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">TYPE</collectionCode>
</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis bold="true" box="[220,556,822,847]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
<collectingCountry box="[220,556,822,847]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
. [Kwango Prov.].
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701A8781FFCE5700AA6DF9B16E336D03:FD6C604CFFCB5700ABC7FC916B5D6A64" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Entre Kwango-Lufuna" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Entre Kwango-Lufuna</location>
[
<collectorName box="[295,367,848,872]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Lufimi</collectorName>
], savane herbeuse (incinérée)
<collectorName box="[641,770,848,872]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">de la Ngambi</collectorName>
,
<date box="[131,246,875,899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" value="1944-08-04">
<collectingDate box="[131,246,875,899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" value="1944-08-04">4.VIII.1944</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<emphasis box="[255,319,875,898]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
<collectionCode box="[255,272,875,898]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode box="[275,294,875,898]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode box="[298,316,875,898]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectionCode="BR, MO, P" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Germain" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" specimenCode="BR0000015669865" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis box="[322,456,875,899]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701A8781FFCE5700AA6DF9B16E336D03:FD6C604CFFCB5700A857FCCC6BD36A8E" box="[322,403,875,898]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Germain" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Germain</location>
2617
</emphasis>
(holo-,
<collectionCode box="[526,557,875,898]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">BR</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode box="[569,756,874,898]" collectionCode="BR" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">BR0000015669865</specimenCode>
]!, iso-,
<collectionCode box="[180,228,901,925]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode box="[242,260,901,925]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="145" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="6.[130,776,822,1206]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. —
<taxonomicName authority="Gillespie, 2023" authorityName="L. J. Gillespie" authorityYear="2023" box="[457,676,949,973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Plukenetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangoensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[457,676,949,973]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Plukenetia kwangoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[682,756,949,972]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is known from a single collection made in
<collectingCountry name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
, between the Kwango and Lufimi [Lufuna on label] rivers in westernmost Kwango Province (see Notes below) (
<figureCitation box="[659,716,1028,1052]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1034,1051]" captionTargetBox="[132,775,215,991]" captionTargetId="figure-760@7.[131,776,213,733]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 4. — Plukenetia kwangoensis L.J.Gillespie, sp. nov., Germain 2617 (MO): A, pollen grain, polar view; B, closeup of foveolate tectum. Scale bars: 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7841502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7841502/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). The collection, with both flowers and fruit, was made in early August in herbaceous, seasonally burnt, open savanna.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="145" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="6.[130,776,822,1206]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to
<collectingRegion box="[565,647,1129,1153]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Kwango</collectingRegion>
, the province and region where the species is found, and also to the
<collectingRegion box="[638,774,1155,1180]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
<collectingRegion box="[638,717,1156,1180]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Kwango</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion box="[722,774,1155,1179]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">River</collectingRegion>
</collectingRegion>
and valley, which borders the savanna on the east.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="145" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="6.[130,778,1237,1422]" box="[132,277,1237,1263]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[130,778,1237,1422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
Monoecious perennial herbs,
<emphasis box="[444,460,1269,1294]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">c.</emphasis>
<quantity box="[467,533,1268,1295]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
high; caudex elongate,
<emphasis box="[130,147,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">c.</emphasis>
<quantity box="[158,214,1300,1327]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
diam., branched; stems erect to steeply ascending, older stems at base short, thick (
<quantity box="[506,599,1332,1358]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3-6 mm</quantity>
diam.), woody, many-branched, leafy stems often purplish, especially basally and near leaf insertion, slender (
<quantity box="[465,572,1396,1422]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.0">1-1.4 mm</quantity>
diam.), pubescent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[130,778,1460,2028]" box="[130,196,1460,1485]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis box="[130,196,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Leaves</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[130,778,1460,2028]" lastBlockId="6.[810,1456,822,1039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
Alternate, simple; stipules linear-triangular to narrowly triangular,
<quantity box="[199,309,1523,1550]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.0">1-2.3 mm</quantity>
long; petiole
<quantity box="[460,590,1523,1550]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5-1.5 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent; blade linear-oblong to linear-lanceolate, widest near or below the middle, 4-7 ×
<quantity box="[313,429,1587,1614]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="cm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.5">0.5-0.9 cm</quantity>
, L/W = 6-10, chartaceous, abaxial surface glabrate with pubescent midrib and scattered hairs on secondary veins, adaxial surface pubescent with major veins densely pubescent, base narrowly acute and often attenuate along the petiole, margins revolute, serrulate, teeth glandular, apex narrowly acuminate to narrowly acute; venation pinnate, often faintly 3-nerved at base, secondary veins 10-16 on each side of midrib, semicraspedodromous, sometimes brochidodromous, tertiary veins weakly percurrent or reticulate; stipels absent; adaxial basilaminar glands 2 (-6), often purplish, circular or elliptic,
<quantity box="[245,373,1906,1932]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.1">0.1-0.6 mm</quantity>
in diam., on revolute margin, usually lateral- or sometimes abaxial-facing, basal pair
<quantity box="[613,718,1938,1964]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.4">0.4-2 mm</quantity>
from blade base, sometimes additional 1-2 (-4) glands/side along margins on proximal 1/5of blade; abaxial laminar glands absent.
<emphasis box="[813,947,822,848]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">Inflorescences</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[810,1456,822,1039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="145">
Bisexual, terminal (becoming leaf-opposed), narrow racemes,
<quantity box="[811,903,885,912]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="cm" value="4.75" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="2.0">2-7.5 cm</quantity>
long, axes moderately pubescent; peduncle
<quantity box="[1341,1454,885,912]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="cm" value="2.15" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="0.8">0.8-3.5 cm</quantity>
long; flowers 1/node, pistillate flower(s) 1 (2) at basal-most node(s), staminate flowers numerous above on axis
<quantity box="[1377,1456,949,976]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1-5 cm</quantity>
long; bracts triangular-ovate to lanceolate,
<quantity box="[1267,1396,981,1008]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="145" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5-2.5 mm</quantity>
long, glabrate to sparsely pubescent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
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<subSubSection id="B0A96547BD13D07E51C7FAA024C4FAAA" box="[196,746,1369,1390]" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD13D07E51C7FAA024C4FAAA" blockId="6.[196,746,1369,1390]" box="[196,746,1369,1390]" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">
<heading id="A34481A0BD13D07E51C7FAA024C4FAAA" box="[196,746,1369,1390]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" reason="8">
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD13D07E51C7FAA0241DFAAB" ID-CoL="FYRR" authorityName=", Fowler" authorityYear="1951" box="[196,563,1369,1390]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E51C7FAA0241DFAAB" box="[196,563,1369,1390]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">APTERONOTUS LEPTORHYNCHUS</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SPECIES- GROUP
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0A96547BD13D07E51A7FA8625C2FCA6" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD13D07E51A7FA8627CAF922" blockId="6.[164,779,1407,1765]" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E51A7FA862735FA53" box="[164,283,1407,1428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Species of the
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD13D07E50E6FA86248DFA53" authorityName=", Fowler" authorityYear="1951" box="[485,675,1407,1428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E50E6FA86248DFA53" box="[485,675,1407,1428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">A. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
speciesgroup can be readily distinguished from the remaining genera of the
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD13D07E5049FA4527C2FA15" authorityName="D.S.Jordan" authorityYear="1923" box="[330,492,1468,1490]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Apteronotidae</taxonomicName>
and within
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD13D07E5381FA452524FA16" box="[642,778,1468,1489]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E5381FA452524FA16" box="[642,778,1468,1489]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Apteronotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
via the synapomorphies identified above. The speciesgroup is externally recognizable by the stripe of distinctly paler pigmentation running from the chin along the mid-dorsal region of the head and body to the posterodorsal portion of the body, the pale band encircling the base of the caudal fin, the presence of scales on the dorsal portion of the body, and the possession of posterior dentary teeth two times as large as the anterior teeth on that bone.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD13D07E51A7F8E525FBFE54" blockId="6.[164,778,1820,1903]" lastBlockId="6.[826,1442,198,403]" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E51A7F8E5271BF8F6" box="[164,309,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Distribution:</emphasis>
Species of the
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD13D07E50E9F8E52486F8F6" authorityName=", Fowler" authorityYear="1951" box="[490,680,1820,1841]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E50E9F8E52486F8F6" box="[490,680,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">A. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
speciesgroup occur in the
<collectingCountry id="80A4765CBD13D07E507BF8C327C5F897" box="[376,491,1850,1872]" name="Guyana" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Essequibo</collectingCountry>
River system in
<collectingCountry id="80A4765CBD13D07E53A9F8C32528F888" box="[682,774,1850,1871]" name="Guyana" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Guyana</collectingCountry>
, various portions of the Río Orinoco basin, and two coastal Caribbean drainages of northern
<collectingCountry id="80A4765CBD13D07E5425FF3F23B3FF1B" box="[1318,1437,198,220]" name="Venezuela" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
. Trans-Andean species inhabit various drainages of the Lago Maracaibo basin in north-western
<collectingCountry id="80A4765CBD13D07E542EFEFA238FFEDE" box="[1325,1441,259,281]" name="Venezuela" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
and north-eastern
<collectingCountry id="80A4765CBD13D07E551AFEDB22A9FEFF" box="[1049,1159,290,312]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, the Caribbean versant Rios Atrato,
<collectingRegion id="3A77F82EBD13D07E52E1FEB92202FE92" box="[994,1068,320,341]" country="Colombia" name="Cauca" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Cauca</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="3A77F82EBD13D07E5581FEB9232FFE91" box="[1154,1281,320,342]" country="Colombia" name="Magdalena" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Magdalena</collectingRegion>
of northern
<collectingCountry id="80A4765CBD13D07E5239FEA62586FEB2" box="[826,936,351,373]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, and Pacific Ocean drainages in
<collectingCountry id="80A4765CBD13D07E5435FEA6238FFEB2" box="[1334,1441,351,373]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Colombia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="80A4765CBD13D07E526CFE8725FFFE54" box="[879,977,382,403]" name="Panama" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Panama</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD13D07E5239FE4725C2FCA6" blockId="6.[826,1441,446,865]" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E5239FE472588FE14" box="[826,934,446,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Remarks:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9C224B3DBD13D07E52ADFE472333FE13" author="Albert JS &amp; Campos-da-Paz R" box="[942,1309,446,468]" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" pagination="419 - 446" refId="ref25918" refString="Albert JS, Campos-da-Paz R. 1998. Phylogenetic systematics of Gymnotiformes with diagnoses of 58 clades: a review of available data. In: Malabarba LR, Reis RE, Vari RP, Lucena ZM, Lucena C, eds. Phylogeny and classification of Neotropical fishes. Porto Alegre, Brazil: EDIPUCRS, 419 - 446." type="book chapter" year="1998">Albert &amp; Campos-da-Paz (1998)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="9C224B3DBD13D07E545AFE4725AAFE35" author="Albert JS" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref25787" refString="Albert JS. 2001. Species diversity and phylogenetic systematics of American knifefishes (Gymnotiformes, Teleostei). Miscellaneous Publication, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 190: 1 - 127." type="journal article" year="2001">Albert (2001)</bibRefCitation>
, followed by
<bibRefCitation id="9C224B3DBD13D07E5530FE2525AAFDD6" author="de Santana CD &amp; Cox-Fernandes C" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" pagination="284 - 293" refId="ref28258" refString="de Santana CD, Cox-Fernandes C. 2012. A new sexually dimorphic electric knifefish from the Amazon basin, Brazil (Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae). Copeia 2012: 284 - 293." type="journal article" year="2012">de Santana &amp; Cox-Fernandes (2012)</bibRefCitation>
, proposed a slightly more encompassing assemblage than the
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD13D07E52EEFDE32285FDE9" authorityName=", Fowler" authorityYear="1951" box="[1005,1195,537,559]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E52EEFDE32285FDE9" box="[1005,1195,537,559]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">A. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group of this analysis, which additionally incorporated
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD13D07E541AFDC12592FDAB" baseAuthorityName="Reinhardt" baseAuthorityYear="1852" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E541AFDC12592FDAB" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">Apteronotus brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and which they termed the
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD13D07E5403FDAE238FFDAB" baseAuthorityName="Reinhardt" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1280,1441,599,620]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E5403FDAE238FFDAB" box="[1280,1441,599,620]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">A. brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group. In so far as the data matrices of the analyses
<bibRefCitation id="9C224B3DBD13D07E52A4FD6D2334FD6D" author="Albert JS &amp; Campos-da-Paz R" box="[935,1306,660,682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" pagination="419 - 446" refId="ref25918" refString="Albert JS, Campos-da-Paz R. 1998. Phylogenetic systematics of Gymnotiformes with diagnoses of 58 clades: a review of available data. In: Malabarba LR, Reis RE, Vari RP, Lucena ZM, Lucena C, eds. Phylogeny and classification of Neotropical fishes. Porto Alegre, Brazil: EDIPUCRS, 419 - 446." type="book chapter" year="1998">Albert &amp; Campos-da-Paz (1998)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="9C224B3DBD13D07E545AFD6D25ACFD0E" author="Albert JS" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref25787" refString="Albert JS. 2001. Species diversity and phylogenetic systematics of American knifefishes (Gymnotiformes, Teleostei). Miscellaneous Publication, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 190: 1 - 127." type="journal article" year="2001">Albert (2001)</bibRefCitation>
did not include
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD13D07E5550FD4A22DAFD00" baseAuthorityName="Reinhardt" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1107,1268,690,712]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E5550FD4A22DAFD00" box="[1107,1268,690,712]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">A. brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the basis for that assignment is uncertain. More pertinently, information collected in this study failed to support the placement of
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD13D07E52D8FCF72252FCE4" baseAuthorityName="Reinhardt" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[987,1148,782,803]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E52D8FCF72252FCE4" box="[987,1148,782,803]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">A. brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within the
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD13D07E540DFCF72540FC85" authorityName=", Fowler" authorityYear="1951" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="570" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD13D07E540DFCF72540FC85" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="570">A. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group and we consequently did not include it here.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD1ED0735298FF372282FF25" authority="Santana &amp; Vari, 2013" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[923,1196,206,227]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa" status="sp. nov.">APTERONOTUS BANIWA</taxonomicName>
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(
<figureCitation id="60882A49BD1ED07352DDFF172204FEC3" box="[990,1066,238,260]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[164,243,587,606]" captionTargetBox="[323,1277,201,557]" captionTargetId="figure-576@8.[323,1283,197,557]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Map of north portion of South America showing geographical distribution of Apteronotus anu (1 = holotype locality); Apteronotus baniwa (2 = holotype locality); Apteronotus ferrarisi (3 = holotype locality); Apteronotus galvisi (4 = holotype locality), and Apteronotus leptorhynchus (5 = holotype locality). Some symbols represent more than one locality and/or lot of specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5280856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5280856/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">FIGS 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="60882A49BD1ED0735539FF172264FEC4" box="[1082,1098,238,259]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[144,223,1457,1476]" captionTargetBox="[145,1414,954,1420]" captionTargetId="figure-365@11.[144,1425,949,1427]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Apteronotus baniwa, 155 mm total length, male, holotype, AUM 43275; Venezuela, Amazonas, Río Orinoco, 147 km east-south-east of San Fernando de Atabapo, 03°1823N, 66°3612W." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5293378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5293378/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="60882A49BD1ED073555AFF172247FEC4" box="[1113,1129,238,259]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[144,223,1853,1872]" captionTargetBox="[148,1420,1559,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-401@11.[144,1425,1555,1823]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Apteronotus baniwa, 101 mm total length, female, paratype, MGNC 52994; Venezuela, Amazonas, Río Orinoco, 147 km east-south-east of San Fernando de Atabapo, 03°1823N, 66°3612W." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5293382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5293382/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">8</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="B5310377BD1ED073557BFF1722FDFEC3" box="[1144,1235,238,260]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[144,208,440,461]" captionText="Table 1. Morphometrics for examined specimens of Apteronotus anu, Apteronotus baniwa, and Apteronotus ferrarisi" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">TABLE 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD1ED0745225FEDB2403FBF3" blockId="11.[806,1422,290,862]" lastBlockId="12.[164,779,198,1076]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD1ED0735225FEDB2282FEF0" box="[806,1196,290,311]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">
Diagnosis:
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD1ED07352B4FEDB2282FEF0" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[951,1196,290,311]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">Apteronotus baniwa</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD1ED0735265FEB8259FFE91" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[870,945,321,342]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anu">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD1ED0735265FEB8259FFE91" box="[870,945,321,342]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">A. anu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the condition of the fifth infraorbital (present as a tubular laterosensory canal segment versus absent), the number of caudal-fin rays (1417 versus 1013), the condition of the lateral ethmoid (ossified versus cartilaginous), and the number of precaudal vertebrae (1617 versus 1819).
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD1ED073541CFE232586FDCA" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD1ED073541CFE232586FDCA" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">Apteronotus baniwa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD1ED07355B9FE012318FDCA" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[1210,1334,504,525]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferrarisi">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD1ED07355B9FE012318FDCA" box="[1210,1334,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">A. ferrarisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the number of scales above the lateral line at the midbody (seven to eight versus 1013), the number of scales along the lateral line (6170 versus 7380), the mouth length (36.647.2% of HL versus 49.456.4%), the tail length (13.324.2% of LEA versus 6.99.9%) and the tail depth (8.215.3% of CL versus 22.2 28.7%).
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD1ED073528AFD37225BFD24" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[905,1141,718,739]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD1ED073528AFD37225BFD24" box="[905,1141,718,739]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">Apteronotus baniwa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD1ED0735421FD3723A3FD24" authorityName="de Santana, Maldonado-Ocampo &amp; Crampton" authorityYear="2007" box="[1314,1421,718,739]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galvisi">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD1ED0735421FD3723A3FD24" box="[1314,1421,718,739]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">A. galvisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the number of scales above the lateral line at the midbody (seven to eight versus 1112).
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD1ED0735406FCF22554FCF8" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD1ED0735406FCF22554FCF8" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">Apteronotus baniwa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD1ED073557DFCD32312FCF8" authorityName=", Fowler" authorityYear="1951" box="[1150,1340,810,831]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD1ED073557DFCD32312FCF8" box="[1150,1340,810,831]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">A. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the number of scales above the lateral line at the midbody (seven to eight versus 1213), the number of scales along the lateral line (6170 versus 7882), the number of pectoral-fin rays (1416 versus 1718), the number of precaudal vertebrae (1617 versus 18), and the number of total vertebrae (6877 versus 7881).
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD19D07451A7FEA627A7FEB3" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[164,393,351,372]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D07451A7FEA627A7FEB3" box="[164,393,351,372]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Apteronotus baniwa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD19D0745391FEA626C7FE54" authorityName=", Mago-Leccia" authorityYear="1994" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrostomus">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D0745391FEA626C7FE54" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">A. macrostomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the number of scales above the lateral line at the midbody (seven to eight versus 1114), the number of caudal-fin rays (1417 versus 1821), and the number of precaudal vertebrae (1617 versus 18).
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD19D07451A7FE0127BFFDCA" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[164,401,504,525]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D07451A7FE0127BFFDCA" box="[164,401,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Apteronotus baniwa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD19D0745340FE012482FDCA" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[579,684,504,525]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pemon">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D0745340FE012482FDCA" box="[579,684,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">A. pemon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the number of scales above the lateral line at the midbody (seven to eight versus nine to ten), the number of scales along the lateral line (6170 versus 7483), the number of caudal-fin rays (1417 versus 1820), and the number of precaudal vertebrae (1617 versus 1819).
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD19D074500BFD4927DBFD03" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[264,501,687,709]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D074500BFD4927DBFD03" box="[264,501,687,709]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Apteronotus baniwa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD19D07451A7FD372704FD23" authorityName=", Miles" authorityYear="1947" box="[164,298,718,740]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rostratus">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D07451A7FD372704FD23" box="[164,298,718,740]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">A. rostratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the condition of the fifth infraorbital (absent versus present as a tubular laterosensory canal segment), the condition of the lateral ethmoid (ossified versus cartilaginous), the number of precaudal vertebrae (1617 versus 1819) and the tail length (13.324.3% of LEA versus 10.612.4%).
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD19D07453C7FC9E2763FC5D" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D07453C7FC9E2763FC5D" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Apteronotus baniwa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD19D074535FFC7F24CBFC5D" authorityName=", Albert" authorityYear="2003" box="[604,741,901,923]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spurrellii">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D074535FFC7F24CBFC5D" box="[604,741,901,923]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">A. spurrellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the condition of the fifth infraorbital (absent versus present as a tubular laterosensory canal segment), the condition of the lateral ethmoid (ossified versus cartilaginous), and the number of scales along the lateral line (6170 versus 7376).
</paragraph>
<caption id="ACCC6644BD1ED0735193FA4825F2FA25" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5293378" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5293378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5293378/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="575" startId="11.[144,223,1457,1476]" targetBox="[145,1414,954,1420]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD1ED0735193FA4825F2FA25" blockId="11.[144,1421,1457,1506]" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD1ED0735193FA4826D6FA02" bold="true" box="[144,248,1457,1477]" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD1ED0735000FA4B27F9FA03" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[259,471,1457,1477]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD1ED0735000FA4B27F9FA03" box="[259,471,1457,1477]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">Apteronotus baniwa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 155 mm total length, male, holotype, AUM 43275; Venezuela, Amazonas, Río Orinoco, 147 km east-south-east of San Fernando de Atabapo, 03°1823N, 66°3612W.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ACCC6644BD1ED0735193F8C425F2F8A9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5293382" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5293382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5293382/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="575" startId="11.[144,223,1853,1872]" targetBox="[148,1420,1559,1818]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD1ED0735193F8C425F2F8A9" blockId="11.[144,1421,1853,1902]" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD1ED0735193F8C426D6F897" bold="true" box="[144,248,1853,1872]" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">Figure 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD1ED0735000F8C727FAF897" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[259,468,1853,1873]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD1ED0735000F8C727FAF897" box="[259,468,1853,1873]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="575">Apteronotus baniwa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 101 mm total length, female, paratype, MGNC 52994; Venezuela, Amazonas, Río Orinoco, 147 km east-south-east of San Fernando de Atabapo, 03°1823N, 66°3612W.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD19D07451A7FBA527A4FA64" blockId="12.[164,779,1116,1902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D07451A7FBA52702FBB6" box="[164,300,1116,1137]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Description:</emphasis>
Head, body, and fin shape and pigmentation illustrated in
<figureCitation id="60882A49BD19D0745096FB83242FFB57" box="[405,513,1146,1168]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[144,223,1457,1476]" captionTargetBox="[145,1414,954,1420]" captionTargetId="figure-365@11.[144,1425,949,1427]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Apteronotus baniwa, 155 mm total length, male, holotype, AUM 43275; Venezuela, Amazonas, Río Orinoco, 147 km east-south-east of San Fernando de Atabapo, 03°1823N, 66°3612W." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5293378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5293378/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Figures 7</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="60882A49BD19D074533CFB832461FB48" box="[575,591,1146,1167]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[144,223,1853,1872]" captionTargetBox="[148,1420,1559,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-401@11.[144,1425,1555,1823]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Apteronotus baniwa, 101 mm total length, female, paratype, MGNC 52994; Venezuela, Amazonas, Río Orinoco, 147 km east-south-east of San Fernando de Atabapo, 03°1823N, 66°3612W." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5293382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5293382/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">8</figureCitation>
. Morphometrics for
<typeStatus id="2708886EBD19D07451C9FB602705FB68" box="[202,299,1177,1199]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="2708886EBD19D0745067FB6027FBFB69" box="[356,469,1177,1198]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
presented in
<tableCitation id="B5310377BD19D0745373FB6024EBFB69" box="[624,709,1177,1199]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[144,208,440,461]" captionText="Table 1. Morphometrics for examined specimens of Apteronotus anu, Apteronotus baniwa, and Apteronotus ferrarisi" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Body laterally compressed, greatest body depth located at, or slightly posterior to, abdominal cavity. Dorsal profile of body nearly straight. First perforated scale of lateral line located above pectoral-fin origin. Lateral line extending posteriorly to base of caudal fin. Scales along lateral line 61(1), 63(1), 66(1), 67(1), 70*(1). Scales above lateral line to mid-dorsal line at midbody 7(1), 8*(5).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD19D07451BFFA5524CFF8A9" blockId="12.[164,779,1116,1902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Head laterally compressed, widest at opercular region and deepest at nape. Dorsal profile of head overall slightly convex. Dorsal margin of snout straight in single examined mature male but slightly convex in mature female and immatures. Eye small, located laterally on head and completely covered by thin membrane. Anterior naris located at end of small tube and close to tip of snout. Posterior naris ellipsoidal, without tube and positioned closer to tip of snout than to anterior margin of eye. Mouth terminal with rictus extending posterior of vertical through anterior margin of eye. Branchial opening located anterior to vertical through pectoral-fin insertion. Anus and urogenital papillae located posterior to vertical through eye and without ontogenetic variation in position.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD19D0745250FF3F234EFE54" blockId="12.[826,1441,197,587]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Pectoral fin elongate, with 14*(4) or 16(2) rays. Anal-fin origin located anterior to vertical through posterior margin of opercle. Unbranched anal-fin rays 16(1), 20*(1), 22(2) or 31(1); total anal-fin rays 136(1), 142(1), 143(1), 144(1), 151*(1) or 159(1). Tail compressed and short; ending in small, elongate, caudal fin. Caudal-fin rays 14(1), 15*(2), 16(1) or 17(1).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD19D0745250FE6523AAFD8C" blockId="12.[826,1441,197,587]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Origin of dorsal sagittal electroreceptive filament located on posterior half of body. Filament inserted into narrow mid-dorsal groove and extending 6(2), 9*(3) scales posterior of vertical through posterior terminus of anal fin. Precaudal vertebrae 16*(2) or 17(4). Total vertebrae 68(2), 72(1), 73(1) or 77*(2).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD19D0745239FD8B258AFBD1" blockId="12.[826,1441,626,1046]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D0745239FD8B228EFD40" box="[826,1184,626,647]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Secondary sexual dimorphism:</emphasis>
The single examined sexually mature male (
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D074553FFD68227EFD61" box="[1084,1104,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">N</emphasis>
=
<quantity id="3F4B9B29BD19D0745568FD6822CFFD61" box="[1131,1249,656,678]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.155" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="1155.0">1, 155 mm</quantity>
TL) of
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD19D074542DFD68238FFD62" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[1326,1441,656,678]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D074542DFD68238FFD62" box="[1326,1441,656,678]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">A. baniwa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from mature females (
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D0745585FD4922B4FD02" box="[1158,1178,688,709]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">N</emphasis>
= 4, 94
<quantity id="3F4B9B29BD19D07455F8FD56237DFD02" box="[1275,1363,687,709]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="111.0">111 mm</quantity>
TL) in diverse aspects of head morphology. The dorsal margin of snout is nearly straight in the male (
<figureCitation id="60882A49BD19D0745406FD152368FCC5" box="[1285,1350,748,770]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[144,223,1457,1476]" captionTargetBox="[145,1414,954,1420]" captionTargetId="figure-365@11.[144,1425,949,1427]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Apteronotus baniwa, 155 mm total length, male, holotype, AUM 43275; Venezuela, Amazonas, Río Orinoco, 147 km east-south-east of San Fernando de Atabapo, 03°1823N, 66°3612W." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5293378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5293378/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) versus slightly convex in mature females (
<figureCitation id="60882A49BD19D07455D1FCF2233CFCE6" box="[1234,1298,779,801]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[144,223,1853,1872]" captionTargetBox="[148,1420,1559,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-401@11.[144,1425,1555,1823]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Apteronotus baniwa, 101 mm total length, female, paratype, MGNC 52994; Venezuela, Amazonas, Río Orinoco, 147 km east-south-east of San Fernando de Atabapo, 03°1823N, 66°3612W." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5293382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5293382/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
) and immature specimens. The snout length, the distance from the posterior naris to the eye, the internarial distance, and the length of the mouth are proportionally greater in the male than in the females and immatures (
<tableCitation id="B5310377BD19D0745242FC5D25BBFC7D" box="[833,917,932,954]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[144,208,440,461]" captionText="Table 1. Morphometrics for examined specimens of Apteronotus anu, Apteronotus baniwa, and Apteronotus ferrarisi" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The proportional interorbital distance is smaller in the male than in females and immatures, with this reflecting the more elongate head in the male (
<tableCitation id="B5310377BD19D0745242FBF925BBFBD1" box="[833,917,1024,1046]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[144,208,440,461]" captionText="Table 1. Morphometrics for examined specimens of Apteronotus anu, Apteronotus baniwa, and Apteronotus ferrarisi" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD19D0745239FBC42264FAEE" blockId="12.[826,1442,1085,1321]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D0745239FBC42213FB95" box="[826,1085,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Coloration in alcohol:</emphasis>
Body and head dark brown. Narrow, pale, longitudinal band extending from chin along mid-dorsal surface of head and body to, or slightly posterior of, vertical through tip of pectoral fin. Pectoral- and anal-fins rays dark brown with inter-radial membranes translucent. Pale band encircling base of caudal fin. Caudal fin pale at base and dark brown posteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD19D0745239FAA92330FA64" blockId="12.[826,1441,1360,1443]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D0745239FAA92293FAA2" box="[826,1213,1360,1381]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">
Distribution:
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD19D07452D5FAA92293FAA2" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[982,1213,1360,1381]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">Apteronotus baniwa</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known from the Ríos Orinoco and Ventuari in the southern portions of the Río Orinoco basin,
<collectingCountry id="80A4765CBD19D074554AFA742293FA64" box="[1097,1213,1421,1443]" name="Venezuela" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="60882A49BD19D07455CCFA74233FFA64" box="[1231,1297,1421,1443]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[164,243,587,606]" captionTargetBox="[323,1277,201,557]" captionTargetId="figure-576@8.[323,1283,197,557]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Map of north portion of South America showing geographical distribution of Apteronotus anu (1 = holotype locality); Apteronotus baniwa (2 = holotype locality); Apteronotus ferrarisi (3 = holotype locality); Apteronotus galvisi (4 = holotype locality), and Apteronotus leptorhynchus (5 = holotype locality). Some symbols represent more than one locality and/or lot of specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5280856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5280856/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD19D0745239FA3223B6F9D9" blockId="12.[826,1441,1483,1566]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D0745239FA322596FA27" box="[826,952,1483,1504]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Etymology:</emphasis>
The species name,
<taxonomicName id="3FB34D4FBD19D0745596FA3222C7FA27" authorityName="Santana &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2013" box="[1173,1257,1483,1504]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Apteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baniwa">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D0745596FA3222C7FA27" box="[1173,1257,1483,1504]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">baniwa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is based on the name of the indigenous people whose home territory is in the vicinity of the type-locality for the species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80C36CCBD19D0755239F9BC2423FEDE" blockId="12.[826,1442,1605,1902]" lastBlockId="13.[144,758,198,281]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="577" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D0745239F9BC2235F99D" box="[826,1051,1605,1626]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="48DB3C91BD19D0745524F9BC23B3F970" accessionNumber="AUM 43275" collectingDate="2005-03-04" collectionCode="AUM" collectorName="N. Lujan" country="Venezuela" latitude="3.3063889" location="San Fernando de Atabapo" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-66.60333" municipality="Rio Orinoco" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Amazonas" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="2708886EBD19D0745524F9BC22BFF99C" box="[1063,1169,1605,1627]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="80A4765CBD19D07455A3F9BC2339F99C" box="[1184,1303,1605,1627]" name="Venezuela" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3A77F82EBD19D0745427F9BC23B3F99D" box="[1316,1437,1605,1626]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
.
<collectionCode id="9EA2AE09BD19D0745239F99D2559F9BE" box="[826,887,1636,1657]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wk2-p21y" name="Auburn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" type="University or college">AUM</collectionCode>
43275, male,
<quantity id="3F4B9B29BD19D0745530F99A22BFF9BE" box="[1075,1169,1635,1657]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="155.0">155 mm</quantity>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="1868ACB6BD19D07455A5F99D2316F9BD" box="[1190,1336,1636,1658]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Río Orinoco</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="3F4B9B29BD19D074544FF99D238EF9BD" box="[1356,1440,1636,1658]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" unit="km" value="147.0">147 km</quantity>
east-south-east of
<location id="FD6C6017BD19D0745537F97B23B3F95F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701A87DABD1ED0755298FF372423FEDE:FD6C6017BD19D0745537F97B23B3F95F" box="[1076,1437,1666,1688]" country="Venezuela" latitude="3.3063889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-66.60333" municipality="Rio Orinoco" name="San Fernando de Atabapo" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Amazonas">San Fernando de Atabapo</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9D87500BBD19D0745239F9582590F971" box="[826,958,1695,1718]" degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" precision="15" seconds="23" value="3.3063889">03°1823N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9D87500BBD19D07452D2F9582276F971" box="[977,1112,1695,1719]" degrees="66" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-66.60333">66°3612W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectorName id="5546531ABD19D0745569F95822F8F970" box="[1130,1238,1697,1719]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">N. Lujan</collectorName>
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D07455E7F958233BF971" box="[1252,1301,1697,1718]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">et al</emphasis>
.,
<date id="8C0D100CBD19D0745432F95823B3F970" box="[1329,1437,1697,1719]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" value="2005-03-04">
<collectingDate id="9C49E9E4BD19D0745432F95823B3F970" box="[1329,1437,1697,1719]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" value="2005-03-04">4.iii.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="48DB3C91BD19D0755239F939246CFF3D" accessionNumber="AUM 44075, AUM 43276" collectingDate="2005-04-03" collectionCode="AUM" collectorName="N. Lujan &amp; Nontype" country="Venezuela" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="577" latitude="4.7563887" location="Rio Orinoco" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-66.89278" municipality="Rio Ventuari" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" specimenCode="1, USNM 406841, MCNG 52994, 3, 2, 82-103, FMNH 102100, 8" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Amazonas" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="2708886EBD19D0745239F939259FF912" box="[826,945,1728,1749]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="80A4765CBD19D07452CBF9462211F912" box="[968,1087,1727,1749]" name="Venezuela" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3A77F82EBD19D0745556F93922E0F912" box="[1109,1230,1728,1749]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
.
<collectionCode id="9EA2AE09BD19D07455E7F939230FF912" box="[1252,1313,1728,1749]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wk2-p21y" name="Auburn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" type="University or college">AUM</collectionCode>
44075,
<specimenCode id="A8159EB7BD19D0745490F946238FF913" box="[1427,1441,1727,1748]" collectionCode="AUM" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wk2-p21y" name="Auburn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" type="University or college">1</specimenCode>
(immature),
<quantity id="3F4B9B29BD19D07452D6F9272214F934" box="[981,1082,1758,1779]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.109999999999999" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="71.1">71.1 mm</quantity>
;
<specimenCode id="A8159EB7BD19D0745552F9272329F933" box="[1105,1287,1758,1780]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" type="Museum">USNM 406841</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="A8159EB7BD19D074541EF9272305F934" box="[1309,1323,1758,1779]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" type="Museum">1</specimenCode>
(female),
<quantity id="3F4B9B29BD19D0745239F90425BBF8D5" box="[826,917,1789,1810]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="111.0">111 mm</quantity>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="1868ACB6BD19D07452A7F9042214F8D5" box="[932,1082,1788,1811]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Río Ventuari</collectingMunicipality>
, near ornamental fish market,
<geoCoordinate id="9D87500BBD19D0745239F8E22590F8F6" box="[826,958,1818,1841]" degrees="04" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" precision="15" seconds="23" value="4.7563887">04°4523N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9D87500BBD19D07452D1F8E22277F8F6" box="[978,1113,1818,1841]" degrees="66" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-66.89278">66°5334W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectorName id="5546531ABD19D074556FF8E522F7F8F6" box="[1132,1241,1819,1841]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">N. Lujan</collectorName>
<emphasis id="CAC7EADEBD19D07455EBF8E52337F8F7" box="[1256,1305,1819,1841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">et al</emphasis>
.,
<date id="8C0D100CBD19D0745435F8E223B3F8F6" box="[1334,1437,1819,1841]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" value="2005-04-03">
<collectingDate id="9C49E9E4BD19D0745435F8E223B3F8F6" box="[1334,1437,1819,1841]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" value="2005-04-03">3.iv.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<specimenCode id="A8159EB7BD19D0745239F8C325F5F897" box="[826,987,1850,1872]" collectionCode="MCNG" country="Venezuela" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tyz9-grz8" name="Museo de Ciencias Naturales de la UNELLEZ en Guanare" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">MCNG 52994</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="A8159EB7BD19D07452E9F8C325D6F888" box="[1002,1016,1850,1871]" collectionCode="MCNG" country="Venezuela" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tyz9-grz8" name="Museo de Ciencias Naturales de la UNELLEZ en Guanare" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">3</specimenCode>
(females),
<quantity id="3F4B9B29BD19D0745579F8C3232FF888" box="[1146,1281,1850,1871]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" metricValueMax="10.1" metricValueMin="9.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="97.5" valueMax="101.0" valueMin="94.0">94101 mm</quantity>
;
<collectionCode id="9EA2AE09BD19D074540DF8C32365F888" box="[1294,1355,1850,1871]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wk2-p21y" name="Auburn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" type="University or college">AUM</collectionCode>
43276,
<specimenCode id="A8159EB7BD19D0745239F8A12564F8AA" box="[826,842,1880,1901]" collectionCode="AUM" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wk2-p21y" name="Auburn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" type="University or college">2</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="A8159EB7BD19D074525CF8A1259AF8AA" box="[863,948,1880,1901]" collectionCode="AUM" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wk2-p21y" name="Auburn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="576" type="University or college">82103</specimenCode>
; same data as holotype.
<collectorName id="5546531ABD19D07455F5F8A02374F8A9" box="[1270,1370,1881,1902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="576">Nontype</collectorName>
: Ven- ezuela.
<collectingRegion id="3A77F82EBD18D07551ECFF3F2746FF1C" box="[239,360,198,219]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="13" pageNumber="577">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
.
<specimenCode id="A8159EB7BD18D075507FFF3F241FFF1C" box="[380,561,198,219]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="577" type="Museum">FMNH 102100</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="A8159EB7BD18D0755345FF3F247BFF1C" box="[582,597,198,219]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="577" type="Museum">8</specimenCode>
,
<quantity id="3F4B9B29BD18D0755368FF3F24DCFF1C" box="[619,754,198,219]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.95" metricValueMax="13.1" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="577" unit="mm" value="89.5" valueMax="131.0" valueMin="48.0">48131 mm</quantity>
; rocks and rapids in
<location id="FD6C6017BD18D0755093FF1D2432FF3D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701A87DABD1ED0755298FF372423FEDE:FD6C6017BD18D0755093FF1D2432FF3D" box="[400,540,228,250]" country="Venezuela" latitude="4.7563887" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-66.89278" municipality="Rio Ventuari" name="Rio Orinoco" pageId="13" pageNumber="577" stateProvince="Amazonas">Río Orinoco</location>
at
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="48DB3C91BD18D0755352FF1D2427FEDE" country="Iceland" latitude="3.0833333" location="Cupaven" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-67.666664" pageId="13" pageNumber="577" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="80A4765CBD18D0755352FF1D2452FF3D" box="[593,636,228,250]" name="Iceland" pageId="13" pageNumber="577">Isla</collectingCountry>
<location id="FD6C6017BD18D0755389FF1C24DCFF3D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701A87DABD1ED0755298FF372423FEDE:FD6C6017BD18D0755389FF1C24DCFF3D" box="[650,754,229,250]" country="Iceland" latitude="3.0833333" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-67.666664" name="Cupaven" pageId="13" pageNumber="577">Cupaven</location>
, approximately
<geoCoordinate id="9D87500BBD18D075503DFEFA27B5FEDE" box="[318,411,258,281]" degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="577" precision="925" value="3.0833333">03°05N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9D87500BBD18D07550AAFEFA2427FEDE" box="[425,521,258,281]" degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="577" precision="925" value="-67.666664">67°40W</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
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<subSubSection id="A9FD1AFAC66D6FFEF81198EBB2ED8907" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="256EE14E32A730038F2C7448A6FC616E" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="F165D44F1B8949506C0CD1347E448A77" ID-CoL="357NH" authority="Thomson, 1887" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1887" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Diadegma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diadegma brevivalve" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevivalve">Diadegma brevivalve (Thomson, 1887)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="12F6864797774F54F573E542670E411D" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6E4BDB047EC26C0BEEC85F44BC2626FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="BB37608A2CE6AEDD1C195760EE5C79F9" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Angitia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Angitia brevivalvis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevivalvis">Angitia brevivalvis</taxonomicName>
Thomson, 1887
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E65B889A129DA020D58FACF7C8B05B53" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="78CC15E14EBC93FCAE819F32025284CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7BAC83D090F4C0DB16060D3ABA3BF0DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">England</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72B29C3E246A8B51C361F3161A8671FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" type="notes">
<paragraph id="D811AF711B4A899C2FEE7125F873923B" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9FF14096E653C1CDDA3D660943A9E407" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">NMS, det. Horstmann, added here</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.854.34810" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbe08c02-4170-4f54-9f0c-98c7799a50a4" ID-PMC="PMC6579794" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-854-17" ID-PubMed="31231156" ID-ZBK="1B76C98B19B549DDAD8F721AB698C0E7" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1313-2970-854-17" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 854" ModsDocTitle="First record of the genus Rasnitsynoryctes Belokobylskij, 2011 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) in Vietnam, with the description of a new species" checkinTime="1560202682503" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Long, Khuat Dang &amp; Belokobylskij, Sergey A." docDate="2019" docId="701B22AE13E211A74574BCF20C22312C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 854: 17-24" docOrigin="ZooKeys 854" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.854.34810" docTitle="Rasnitsynoryctes vietnamicus Long &amp; Belokobylskij, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="19483512-1317-41D9-BE8C-B2CC3F6BCB40" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="FF98C260FFD6FFB4FF9A90205F341046" masterDocTitle="First record of the genus Rasnitsynoryctes Belokobylskij, 2011 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) in Vietnam, with the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1668167380954" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>First record of the genus Rasnitsynoryctes Belokobylskij, 2011 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) in Vietnam, with the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Long, Khuat Dang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Belokobylskij, Sergey A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number>854</mods:number>
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<mods:start>17</mods:start>
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/19483512-1317-41D9-BE8C-B2CC3F6BCB40" authority="Long &amp; Belokobylskij" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rasnitsynoryctes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rasnitsynoryctes vietnamicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vietnamicus">Rasnitsynoryctes vietnamicus Long &amp; Belokobylskij</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="17">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1, 2-16
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Holotype, female, &quot;Doryc. 673&quot;, NE Vietnam: Bac Giang, Son Dong, Yen Tu NR, 300 m, 4.vii.2010 (PT Nhi leg.) (IEBR).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="comparative diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Comparative diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
The new species,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rasnitsynoryctes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rasnitsynoryctes vietnamicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vietnamicus">Rasnitsynoryctes vietnamicus</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., is very similar to the type species of the genus,
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. alexandri" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="alexandri">R. alexandri</taxonomicName>
Belokobylskij, 2011, from Malaysia; the differences between these species are showed in the key below after description.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
Figure 1. Habitus in dorsal view of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rasnitsynoryctes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rasnitsynoryctes vietnamicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vietnamicus">Rasnitsynoryctes vietnamicus</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., female, holotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Female. Body length 11.7 mm, fore wing length 8.6 mm, ovipositor sheath 12.0 mm (Fig. 1).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Head. Antennae with more than 48 segments (apical segments missing); scapus 1.4 times as long as its maximum width (14: 10); third segment almost as long as fourth segment (27: 26); middle segments 3.5-3.7 times as long as their width. Head width (dorsal view) 1.2 times its median length (64: 52), head roundly narrowed behind eyes (Fig. 2), length of eye 1.6 times as long as temple (44: 28); ocelli rather small, POL: OD: OOL = 7: 5: 8; in lateral view, eye 1.4 times as long as temple (25: 18) (Fig. 4); maxillary palp 1.8 times as long as height of head (103: 57); face width 1.4 times length of face and clypeus combined (35: 25) (Fig. 3); malar space 0.7 times basal width of mandible (11: 15); width of hypoclypeal depression equal to distance from edge of depression to eye (15: 15); distance between tentorial pits 1.45 times distance from pit to eye (16: 11); occipital carina not fused below with hypostomal carina above base of mandible but almost faded with patch of coarse rugosities near base of mandible.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Mesosoma. Length 2.3 times its height (77: 34); mesoscutum highly and perpendicularly elevated above pronotum; median lobe of mesoscutum with distinct median longitudinal depression (Fig. 5); notauli deep, crenulate anteriorly, widened posteriorly, coarsely rugose (Fig. 5); pronotal sides largely crenulate medially, granulate ventrally (Fig. 6); prescutellar depression with only median carina, 0.3 times as long as scutellum (6: 19); subalar depression wide and deep, with oblique rugosity; precoxal sulcus long, shallow, almost smooth (Fig. 6); metapleuron setose, coarsely rugose; propodeum with median carina in basal 0.3 of propodeum, without delineated areola (Fig. 7).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Wings. Length of fore wing 4.25 times as long as its maximum width (102: 24) (Fig. 8); vein 1-R1 (metacarp) 1.5 times as long as pterostigma (58: 38); length of pterostigma 4.75 times its width (38: 8); vein r (radial) omitting before middle of pterostigma, 0.6 times as long as vein 2-SR (first radiomedial) and 0.35 times as long as vein 3-SR (second radial abscissa); r: 2-SR: 3-SR: SR1 (third radial abscissa) = 9: 16: 26: 42; basal length of second submarginal (second radiomedial) cell 2.8 times its maximum width (36: 13), 1.1 times length of subdiscal (brachial) cell basally (36: 32); vein 1-CU1: cu-a (nervulus): 2-CU1 = 5: 6: 28; vein m-cu (recurrent) oblique. Length of hind wing 5.5 times as long as its maximum width (77: 14); vein M+CU (first mediocubital abscissa) short, 0.3 times as long as vein 1-M (second mediocubital abscissa) (Fig. 9); vein M+CU: 1-M: r-m (basal) = 16: 58: 30.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Legs. Inner side of fore tibia with row of short robust spines; middle basitarsus 15.0 times as long as its width (60: 4) and 0.9 times as long as tarsal segments 2-4 combined (60: 68); hind coxa 1.6 times as long as its maximum width (52: 35) (Fig. 11); hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 4.25, 14 and 12 times their maximum width, respectively (85: 20; 140: 14; 72: 6) (Figs 13, 14); hind basitarsus 0.5 times as long as hind tibia (72: 140); and 1.1 times as long as hind tarsal segments 2-5 combined (72: 68); second segment of hind tarsus 0.4 times as long as basitarsus (38: 72); fourth segment 0.5 times as long as fifth tarsal segment (without pretarsus) (7: 14).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Metasoma. Metasoma 1.4 times as long as head and mesosoma combined (69: 48); first metasomal tergite with large dorsope (Fig. 10); first tergite 2.3 times as long as its maximum width (86: 38) (Fig. 10), 2.5 times as long as propodeum (86: 35); second tergite with U-shaped medial area, emarginated by rather wide and crenulate lateral furrows fused with suture between second and third tergites (Fig. 12); medial length of second tergite 0.98 times its basal width (47: 48), 1.1 times medial length of third tergite (47: 43) (Fig. 12); ovipositor sheath slightly longer than body, and 1.4 times longer than fore wing (120: 86).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
Sculpture and pubescence. Frons rugose; vertex finely transversely striate; temple finely rugose-punctate; face largely rugose; clypeus and malar space with dense long setae; malar space largely rugose-punctate contrasting to rather smooth area between hypostomal carina and malar space; notauli largely rugose (Fig. 5); median and lateral lobes of mesoscutum rugose-coriaceous; scutellum finely and densely punctate; pronotum granulate ventrally, rugose dorsally; mesopleuron coriaceous; subalar depression with oblique rugosities; metapleuron setose, largely rugose; propodeum foveolate-rugose (Fig. 7); hind coxa finely and densely punctate laterally, finely rugose-punctate dorsally; first metasomal tergite and medial area of second tergite foveolate-rugose; third tergite largely rugose in basal 0.7, smooth in apical 0.3; fourth tergite largely rugose basally and laterally, finely rugose medially and almost smooth with sparse punctures apically;
<normalizedToken originalValue="fifthsixth">fifth-sixth</normalizedToken>
tergites finely rugose-punctate basally and laterally, almost smooth apically; ovipositor sheath covered with short dense setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Colour. Black body; antenna brown; head mainly dark brown, subalar space brownish yellow; palpi white; fore and middle legs yellow, except coxa, trochanters and trochantellus cream white; hind coxa and femur black, trochanters and trochantellus yellow, hind tibia (except yellow basal area) and tarsus infuscate; tegula yellow; fore wing subhyaline, its veins brown, outside area of vein r beneath pterostigma brownish; ovipositor sheath brown.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
Figure 2-16.
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sp. nov., female, holotype 2 head, dorsal view 3 head, front view 4 head, lateral view 5 mesonotum 6 mesosoma, lateral view 7 propodeum 8 fore wing 9 hind wing 10 first metasomal tergite 11 hind coxa, outer side 12 second-fifth metasomal tergites 13 hind femur, outer side 14 hind tibia, outer side 15 inner spur of hind tibia 16 hind wing hamuli.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="male">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Male.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">The new species is named after the country (Vietnam) where the holotype was collected.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">North-eastern Vietnam (Bac Giang Province).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-209-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2B9DFC7609F65C33A95B0065D5A5DBE2" ModsDocID="1314-2003-209-1" checkinTime="1663958886913" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Knapp, Sandra" docDate="2022" docId="701B8A3D8C705DCE99F14E6844DA8B99" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 209: 1-134" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 209" docPubDate="2022-09-23" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681" docTitle="Lycianthes bitteriana (Symon) A. R. Bean, Austrobaileya 6 (3): 567. 2003." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="2B9DFC7609F65C33A95B0065D5A5DBE2" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="2B9DFC7609F65C33A95B0065D5A5DBE2" masterDocTitle="A revision of Lycianthes (Solanaceae) in Australia, New Guinea, and the Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="134" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1663958886913" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>A revision of Lycianthes (Solanaceae) in Australia, New Guinea, and the Pacific</mods:title>
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4.
<taxonomicName LSID="701B8A3D-8C70-5DCE-99F1-4E6844DA8B99" authority="(Symon) A. R. Bean, Austrobaileya 6 (3): 567. 2003." authorityName="(Symon) A. R. Bean, Austrobaileya 6 (3): 567. 2003." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">Lycianthes bitteriana (Symon) A.R.Bean, Austrobaileya 6(3): 567. 2003.</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Lycianthes bitteriana (Symon) A. R. Bean. Drawing by M. L. Szent-Ivany, first published in Symon (1985: fig. 5, as S. bitterianum Symon). Courtesy of the Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium (Adelaide, South Australia), reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746662" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Lycianthes bitteriana herbarium specimen. Papua New Guinea. Morobe: Streimann &amp; Kairo NGF- 25854 (A). Courtesy of the Herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746663" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 14</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">Solanum bitteriana</taxonomicName>
Symon, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 8: 34, fig. 5. 1985. Type. Papua New Guinea. Morobe: Stoney Creek, CNGT logging area, on foot slopes of Mount Missan, near Bulolo (subdist. Wau), 1,067 m, 1 May 1977,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E Symon &amp; A. Kairo 10651</emphasis>
(holotype: AD [AD98581513]; isotypes: AD [AD98581514], CANB [CANB355342], F, K [K001080539], L [L.4153288], LAE [acc. # 254856], MO [MO-503790, acc. # 3748792], US [00050681, acc. # 3083630]).
</paragraph>
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Based on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum bitterianum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitterianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum bitterianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Symon.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Symon) A.R.Bean. Drawing by M.L. Szent-Ivany, first published in
<bibRefCitation author="Symon, DE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 171" refId="B89" refString="Symon, DE, 1985. The Solanaceae of New Guinea. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 8: 1 - 171" title="The Solanaceae of New Guinea." volume="8" year="1985">Symon (1985</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 5, as
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. bitterianum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bitterianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. bitterianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Symon). Courtesy of the Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium (Adelaide,
<collectingRegion country="Australia" name="South Australia">South Australia</collectingRegion>
), reproduced with permission.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Large woody herbs to shrubs ca. 2 m tall; stems terete, densely pubescent with uniseriate dendritic 5-10-celled trichomes to 0.5 mm long, the branches short and congested (
<normalizedToken originalValue="“tannenbaumartig”">&quot;tannenbaumartig&quot;</normalizedToken>
), drying yellowish tan; new growth densely pubescent with uniseriate dendritic trichomes like those of the stems, drying yellowish tan, not markedly glabrescent; bark of older stems dark brown, somewhat glabrescent. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves geminate, the leaves of a pair differing only in size, not in shape. Leaves simple; blades of major leaves 9-14 cm long, 4-6 cm wide, elliptic to broadly elliptic, widest in the middle, discolorous, membranous to chartaceous; adaxial surfaces moderately and evenly pubescent with dendritic trichomes with congested branches like those of the stems, these denser along the veins; abaxial surfaces more densely pubescent with dendritic trichomes, but the lamina still visible; principal veins 8-9 pairs, yellowish tan abaxially; base acute to truncate, oblique; margins entire; apex acuminate; petioles 1.6-3 cm long, densely dendritic-pubescent; blades of minor leaves 2.5-5.5 cm long, 1.3-3 cm wide, similar in shape and pubescence to the major leaves; petioles 0.5-1 cm long. Inflorescences axillary, the flowers borne on a woody axis with 3-4 short branches to 0.8 cm long, with 10-15 flowers, densely dendritic-pubescent with trichomes like those of the stems and leaves; pedicels 0.9-1 cm long at anthesis, ca. 0.5 mm in diameter at the bae, ca. 1 mm in diameter at the apex, densely pubescent with dendritic trichomes with congested branches, articulated at the base; pedicel scars tightly packed along the woody axes. Buds narrowly ellipsoid, the corolla ca. halfway exserted from the calyx tube before anthesis. Flowers 5-merous, apparently perfect. Calyx tube 2-2.5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, cup-shaped, densely dendritic-pubescent, with 4-5 linear, awl-shaped appendages 0.5-1 mm long, these varying in length within individual flowers, the rim extending ca. 0.1 mm beyond the appendages. Corolla 1-1.2 cm in diameter, white or &quot;whitish blue&quot;, stellate, lobed ca. halfway to the base, interpetalar tissue present, the lobes 3-3.5 mm long, ca. 2.5 mm wide, spreading or slightly reflexed, membranous, glabrous with densely papillate tips and a few dendritic trichomes along the midvein adaxially. Stamens equal; filament tube minute; free portion of the filaments ca. 0.5 mm long, glabrous; anthers ca. 2.5 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, yellow, poricidal at the tips, the pores lengthening to slits with age. Ovary conical, glabrous; style ca. 6.5 mm long, glabrous; stigma minutely capitate and slightly bilobed. Fruit a globose berry, 0.6-0.7 cm in diameter, black or purple-black when ripe, the pericarp glabrous, thin, matte, opaque; fruiting pedicels 1.1-1.3 cm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 2 mm in diameter at the apex, green (?), erect to spreading, densely dendritic-pubescent; fruiting calyx a spreading cup beneath the berry, dendritic-pubescent. Seeds ca. 100 + per berry, ca. 1.5 mm long, ca. 1.5 mm wide, flattened with a deep notch at the hilum, yellowish tan, the surfaces minutely pitted, the testal cells sinuate in outline. Stone cells absent. Chromosome number not known.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746663" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
herbarium specimen. Papua New Guinea. Morobe:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Streimann &amp; Kairo NGF-25854</emphasis>
(A). Courtesy of the Herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, reproduced with permission.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Distribution of Lycianthes bitteriana." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746664" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to the island of New Guinea; it has only been collected in Papua New Guinea (Morobe).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746664" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 15.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a plant of secondary forests at mid-elevations, from ca. 1,000 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None recorded.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation assessment">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation assessment</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(
<bibRefCitation author="Hunziker, AT" journalOrPublisher="The Linnean Society of London, Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B38" refString="2020. . http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2020">IUCN 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</emphasis>
EOO (22 km2 - CR); AOO (12 km2 - EN).
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from three localities less than 5 km apart, but could be more widely distributed, given its apparently secondary forest nature. I propose a preliminary threat status of Critically Endangered (CR [B1, 2a(iv)]) for
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but field assessment of its distribution is a priority.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a distinctive species with its congested branched trichomes that look like tiny Christmas trees (
<normalizedToken originalValue="“tannbaumartig”">&quot;tannbaumartig&quot;</normalizedToken>
of
<bibRefCitation author="Seithe, A" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="261 - 336" refId="B77" refString="Seithe, A, 1962. Die Haararten der Gattung Solanum L. und ihre taxonomische Verwertung. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 81: 261 - 336" title="Die Haararten der Gattung Solanum L. und ihre taxonomische Verwertung." volume="81" year="1962">Seithe 1962</bibRefCitation>
) and shiny black berries. Unlike many of the other endemic New Guinea
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lycianthes</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a coarse herb or small shrub, in habit very similar to the widely distributed
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. biflora" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. biflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These two species can be easily distinguished by mature berry colour (black in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
versus bright red in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. biflora" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. biflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), inflorescence morphology (many flowers on a short axis in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
versus few-flowered fascicles in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. biflora" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. biflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and branched trichomes morphology (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with congested branches versus the loosely branched trichomes of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. biflora" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. biflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). In addition, the corolla of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has abundant interpetalar tissue and is divided ca. halfway to the base, while that of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. biflora" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. biflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is deeply stellate with little or no interpetalar tissue.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes dendropilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has similar branched trichome with congested branches but differs from
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in number of flowers per inflorescence (many in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 1-3 in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. dendropilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), calyx appendages (ca. 10 in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, absent in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. dendropilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and adaxial leaf morphology (evenly pubescent in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, glabrous and shiny in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. dendropilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Given the nature of the secondary habitat in which
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes bitteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs, it is likely to be more widely distributed across the island of New Guinea.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1957-01-14" collectingDateMax="1971-03-15" collectingDateMin="1957-01-14" collectorName="Hump L. A., Streimann, Kairo" country="Papua New Guinea" county="Wau" elevation="1067" location="Bulolo" municipality="Mun. Bulolo District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morobe">
<collectingCountry name="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion country="Papua New Guinea" name="Morobe">Morobe</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectorName>Hump L.A.</collectorName>
<locationDeviation location="Bulolo">
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 mi</quantity>
SE Bulolo
</locationDeviation>
,
<collectingCounty>Wau</collectingCounty>
subdistrict,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.067" unit="m" value="1067.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.067" unit="m" value="1067.0">1,067 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1971-03-15">15 Mar 1971</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Streimann</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>Kairo</collectorName>
NGF-25854
</emphasis>
(A, K, LAE);
<collectingMunicipality>Mun. Bulolo District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701B8A3D8C705DCE99F14E6844DA8B99:99FA44E95D547B403794EBEB59F6A707" country="Papua New Guinea" county="Wau" municipality="Mun. Bulolo District" name="Bulolo" stateProvince="Morobe">Bulolo</location>
,
<collectingDate value="1957-01-14">14 Jan 1957</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wells NGF-7565</emphasis>
(K, L, LAE)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
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Ruthe, 1859
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); synonymy by
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<paragraph id="444E74F0947A2859B809F5154A1A8E00" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Scotland, Ireland</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F966706CEA9DCE8BC2237A9AD6C005CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="7964">Bay Tree Lake (Occasional): Howell BATR33 (NCSC!)</paragraph>
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und unterstes Stengelblattpaar ungeteilt, ganzrandig, 5
</emphasis>
-
<emphasis id="319C5BA4F0D23D618F1B7F3A6086D17F" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">
15mal so lang wie breit,
<normalizedToken id="E81AF6E8253D37CE4D029390A4FDF747" originalValue="völlig" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">voellig</normalizedToken>
kahl oder nur am Rande des Blattstiels behaart; mittlere
<normalizedToken id="8300AB2C5E371A907A36D43942ABF1A7" originalValue="Stengelblätter" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">Stengelblaetter</normalizedToken>
1fach fiederteilig
</emphasis>
, mit sehr schmal lanzettlichen Zipfeln; obere
<normalizedToken id="D2C07B77E1F094EAF0C5073A4C714584" originalValue="Stengelblätter" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">Stengelblaetter</normalizedToken>
kleiner, oft ungeteilt.
<normalizedToken id="7F389E6D91A7265854E919EB42188DCA" originalValue="Hüllblätter" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">Huellblaetter</normalizedToken>
schmal lanzettlich.
<normalizedToken id="CB1C16A914003813FF7A65386A1B4BD7" originalValue="Außenkelch" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">Aussenkelch</normalizedToken>
0,5-1,5 mm hoch, 20-24nervig.
<normalizedToken id="B008291913EB934F4DEC3ED1CF38AC33" originalValue="Früchte" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">Fruechte</normalizedToken>
2,2-3 mm lang, tief 8furchig, auf den Rippen und auf der Mittellinie in den Furchen behaart (Haare bis 0,5 mm lang).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2EEBF4C850DCAB62043FAED77034B7EA" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">
Die Artengruppe der
<taxonomicName id="BBB2B9B45A56274DEC50CFB1E154630E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Scabiosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="null" pageNumber="352" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canescens">
<emphasis id="DE5BAE9055F6525205679422387CA93B" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">S. canescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="7EDB9F921C7E9F9066066DD09DFA7134" originalValue="umfaßt" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">umfasst</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="D485F2BB4FA338CC693C94CA456940E0" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">3 Arten</emphasis>
,
<normalizedToken id="9CD71828C784A4E7E0177ECAE335E33F" originalValue="außer" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">ausser</normalizedToken>
den beiden
<normalizedToken id="10DADF66DC15EEAAC6ED6B33ECA90226" originalValue="erwähnten" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">erwaehnten</normalizedToken>
noch
<emphasis id="0B79A4CC9BF558D96D91C71211985DDB" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">
S.
<normalizedToken id="F685CC64F76098C718BA92A267FBBCDC" originalValue="silenifoliä" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">silenifoliae</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
Waldst. et Kit. im Apennin und in den Gebirgen der Balkanhalbinsel.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5F4589D74341C4D6E227E012B323E660" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">
<table id="86BE87703D9AA093044AF9940957FA75" frame="void" pageId="null" pageNumber="352" rules="none">
<tbody id="DD269829E9BDB46CCD83BAF2DBF442B0" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">
<tr id="1B184345300DAB242E3931320F6F26E4" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">
<td id="9690A2102A45C37D3452A10261D14954" align="left" pageId="null" pageNumber="352" valign="top">
1. Kelchborsten 5-8 mm lang, 6-7mal so lang wie der
<normalizedToken id="84BABA976A7DC0D2CDDEAAF3D782EE40" originalValue="Außenkelch" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">Aussenkelch</normalizedToken>
;
<normalizedToken id="15163C9A5867A97CDBFD62C94786BAE3" originalValue="Hüllblätter" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">Huellblaetter</normalizedToken>
so lang oder
<normalizedToken id="B59047F4F580CE55F640D55769808827" originalValue="länger" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">laenger</normalizedToken>
als die
<normalizedToken id="5A76AE42F62A0AAB3E1DA6B5F9147DAC" originalValue="äußern" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">aeussern</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5875F38622EFE867493B28CB9B87E9ED" originalValue="Blüten" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">Blueten</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="3A162C066264585E789B887335B6549E" align="left" pageId="null" pageNumber="352" valign="bottom">
<taxonomicName id="FD48B7B9A165FAE709E975B649B41888" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Scabiosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="null" pageNumber="352" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vestina">
<italic id="50FEC5E20CA68946CF8BF9E8C4BC6A7E" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">S. vestina</italic>
</taxonomicName>
(Nr. 2a)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="BDFA7DCAB3D4CC84C328049F5F401342" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">
<td id="2137A3A9BBBCB2B995B996CE52354A57" align="left" pageId="null" pageNumber="352" valign="top">
1*. Kelchborsten 1-3 mm lang, 2-
<normalizedToken id="81919331BA347FECF76C5981ADFC1032" originalValue="2½" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">21/2</normalizedToken>
mal so lang wie der
<normalizedToken id="15AB734BB3C2CC0490E7DBFB10721E36" originalValue="Außenkelch" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">Aussenkelch</normalizedToken>
;
<normalizedToken id="421D98F9783AFB7A8EAFAB3ED1190374" originalValue="Hüllblätter" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">Huellblaetter</normalizedToken>
⅓-
<normalizedToken id="73742976C8CA24BC2EC1F33FFB594D22" originalValue="½" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">1/2</normalizedToken>
so lang wie die
<normalizedToken id="FA9D2DF3C730E070F7A760389849AA2B" originalValue="äußern" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">aeussern</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7DA075A0AB1857181F8B84F6DA8ED164" originalValue="Blüten" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">Blueten</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="21E5D4D29FD6FAAE31242109B82F923F" align="left" pageId="null" pageNumber="352" valign="bottom">
<taxonomicName id="50648A77F9F5BF4C2B7440305F73E003" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Scabiosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="null" pageNumber="352" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canescens">
<italic id="D767D72DA95E51EF30A9526ABD29D7E6" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">S. canescens</italic>
</taxonomicName>
(Nr. 2b)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="38CD1BADEA0CC0E757AF0A88FBF3BA93" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">
<paragraph id="26FB265EBA7B458B5B3407307D6891F1" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">
<title id="8DDCB2338C696338B03208974F2DC43F" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">
<normalizedToken id="089C7B4AF9815BBF053EBB79876025D5" originalValue="Schlüssel" pageId="null" pageNumber="352">Schluessel</normalizedToken>
zur Artengruppe der
<taxonomicName id="5018B7CC03020DB74B30F00D44E8331A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Scabiosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="null" pageNumber="352" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canescens">Scabiosa canescens</taxonomicName>
</title>
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.664.11881" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5affa7d2-a73b-4025-bd9e-a318295516c7" ID-PMC="PMC5523158" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-664-1" ID-PubMed="28769623" ID-ZBK="C86AA26D022948D8A36E5BBBE871F7EA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-664-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 664" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the Oriental species of Bolitogyrus Chevrolat (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae)" checkinTime="1490795552514" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Brunke, Adam J." docDate="2017" docId="701CB7A32D563AE7C06CF50AA251727E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 664: 1-97" docOrigin="ZooKeys 664" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.664.11881" docTitle="Bolitogyrus smetanai Brunke, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="471D1B88-D001-4701-B1D6-E629AE3C3C4B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="1C11EF08FFA0FF81FFDBB829D66FE206" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Oriental species of Bolitogyrus Chevrolat (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae)" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1668164339952" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A revision of the Oriental species of Bolitogyrus Chevrolat (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Brunke, Adam J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>664</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>97</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.664.11881</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.664.11881</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-664-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">C86AA26D022948D8A36E5BBBE871F7EA</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C86AA26D022948D8A36E5BBBE871F7EA</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="128090138" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:471D1B88-D001-4701-B1D6-E629AE3C3C4B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/701CB7A32D563AE7C06CF50AA251727E" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/471D1B88-D001-4701-B1D6-E629AE3C3C4B" authority="Brunke" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Bolitogyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitogyrus smetanai" order="Coleoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smetanai">Bolitogyrus smetanai Brunke</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="54" pageNumber="55">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Fig. 2F, 4F, 17
<normalizedToken originalValue="DF">D-F</normalizedToken>
, 22B (map)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Banks of Khwae Noi River, near Sai Yok, Kanchanaburi, Thailand.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Holotype (♂, cRou): THAILAND r. Kwae Noi, Ban Sai Yok, III.1987, G. de Rougemont [printed] / HOLOTYPE
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Bolitogyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitogyrus smetanai" order="Coleoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smetanai">Bolitogyrus smetanai</taxonomicName>
Brunke, des. A. Brunke 2017 [red label] / AJB0000436 [identifier label].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Paratype (♂, IRSNB): Myanmar: Kayin State: Carin Cheba, 900-1100m, L. Fea, V XII-88, AJB0000574.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">This species can be recognized by the following combination of characters: orange frons contrasting with dark head (Fig. 2F); pronotal margin only weakly expanded, no more than three lateral puncture widths wide; apical antennomere not distinctly paler than previous segments (Fig. 2F).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Measurements ♂ (n = 2): HW/HL 1.31-1.34; PW/PL 1.28-1.30; EW/ EL 1.18-1.22; ESut/PL 0.81-0.81; PW/HW 1.02-1.03; forebody length 4.0-4.1 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Coloration: head dark with orange frons; pronotum reddish orange with hourglass-shaped dark marking medially; elytral disc dark brown to dark brownish-red, with orange to yellow marking at middle and along suture, apical angles and humeri paler; scutellum dark; epipleuron pale along its length; abdominal tergites III-VI ranging from almost entirely dark, to reddish with central dark marking, VII entirely dark; antennomere 1 yellow, 2-5 reddish with dark apices, 6-10 dark brown, 11 vaguely paler; palpi yellowish; legs yellowish with small dark marking at ventral apex of femora.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Head distinctly transverse, dorsal surface with moderately dense but clearly separated, asetose punctures, frons with few scattered punctures. Antennomeres 8-10 slightly transverse and asymmetrical.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Pronotum distinctly transverse, center of disc with very few micropunctures, about as wide as head. Elytra moderately transverse, suture shorter than pronotum at middle; elytral disc bearing a pair of small, raised, oval and light yellow markings near the center, and an additional, smaller pair laterad.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Abdomen with disc of tergites III-V distinctly, impunctate at middle.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Median lobe in lateral view evenly narrowed to apex, ventral face flat, with minute pair of median teeth formed from median carina (Fig. 17E); median lobe in parameral view subparallel to rounded, acuminate apical portion, without subapical or basal teeth (Fig. 17D); paramere longer than median lobe, elongate spoon-shaped, peg setae in thin marginal group, basal-most setae removed from margin and disconnected from main group (Fig. 17F); male sternite VII with distinct, shallow emargination, and with triangular glabrous area medially; male sternite VIII with very slight emargination and elongate triangular, flattened and glabrous area medially; male sternite IX distinctly expanded at midlength, with distinct emargination.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Female unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figure 22B. Known from western Thailand and the Karen Hills of Myanmar.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="bionomics">
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Bionomics.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Specimens were collected in March and May at both lowland and montane elevations (900-1100 m). It is unlikely that
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. smetanai" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="smetanai">B. smetanai</taxonomicName>
occurs over such a broad range of elevations and it is possibly that either
<normalizedToken originalValue="Feas">Fea's</normalizedToken>
material was mislabeled or the specimen from Thailand had washed down with heavy rain from a much higher point.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
This charming species is named in honor of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aleš">Ales</normalizedToken>
Smetana (CNC), a close Canadian colleague and wealth of knowledge concerning the
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Staphylininae">Staphylininae</taxonomicName>
. His taxonomic contributions on the subfamily, including several on
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Bolitogyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitogyrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bolitogyrus</taxonomicName>
, form the modern treatments of the Nearctic and Oriental faunas.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Bolitogyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitogyrus smetanai" order="Coleoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smetanai">Bolitogyrus smetanai</taxonomicName>
is easily recognized by its small size, dark apical antennomeres and orange frons.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,577 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.875.35748" ID-GBIF-Dataset="80fec9f5-82b3-487c-a1e9-6fc1d034a371" ID-PMC="PMC6760214" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-875-63" ID-Pensoft-UUID="222C9E1B135454BEB7144BD7794FA01C" ID-PubMed="31579113" ID-ZooBank="B0F048E4381B4B5D9E905496B3706A16" ModsDocID="1313-2970-875-63" checkinTime="1568689390662" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Prous, Marko, Liston, Andrew, Kramp, Katja, Savina, Henri, Vardal, Hege &amp; Taeger, Andreas" docDate="2019" docId="701E422AD8EE5E85913C78C9556E76E5" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 875: 63-127" docOrigin="ZooKeys 875" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.875.35748" docTitle="Hemichroa australis Serville 1823" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="222C9E1B135454BEB7144BD7794FA01C" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="222C9E1B135454BEB7144BD7794FA01C" masterDocTitle="The West Palaearctic genera of Nematinae (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1668167807925" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>The West Palaearctic genera of Nematinae (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Kramp, Katja</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Savina, Henri</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Vardal, Hege</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412553" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701E422AD8EE5E85913C78C9556E76E5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/701E422AD8EE5E85913C78C9556E76E5" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName LSID="701E422AD8EE5E85913C78C9556E76E5" authority="Serville, 1823" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Hemichroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemichroa australis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">Hemichroa australis (Serville, 1823)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Tenthredo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenthredo alni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alni">Tenthredo alni</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Linné">Linne</normalizedToken>
, 1767: 925. Lectotype ♀, designated by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933408654888" author="Malaise, R" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademien Skrifter i naturskyddsaerenden" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" refId="B111" refString="Malaise, R, Benson, RB, 1934. . https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933408654888" url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933408654888" year="1934">Malaise and Benson (1934</bibRefCitation>
: 8), not examined, in LSUK (images: http://linnean-online.org/16581/). Type locality: Sweden. Primary homonym of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Tenthredo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenthredo alni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alni">Tenthredo alni</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Linné">Linne</normalizedToken>
, 1758 (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nematus septentrionalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">Nematus septentrionalis</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Linné">Linne</normalizedToken>
, 1758)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Tenthredo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenthredo luctuosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luctuosa">Tenthredo luctuosa</taxonomicName>
Hill, 1773: 5-6, pl. 1. Syntype(s) ♀, lost. Type locality: Uxbridge (United Kingdom). Treated as nomen oblitum and synonymised with
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="australis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">australis</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2254.1.1" author="Blank, SM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 96" refId="B13" refString="Blank, SM, Taeger, A, Liston, AD, Smith, DR, Rasnitsyn, AP, Shinohara, A, Heidemaa, M, Viitasaari, M, 2009. Studies toward a World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 2254: 1 - 96" title="Studies toward a World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2254.1.1" volume="2254" year="2009">Blank et al. (2009</bibRefCitation>
: 32).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Tenthredo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenthredo australis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">Tenthredo australis</taxonomicName>
Serville, 1823: 16. Syntype(s) ♀, lost. Type locality: Midi (France). Nomen protectum, as stated by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2254.1.1" author="Blank, SM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 96" refId="B13" refString="Blank, SM, Taeger, A, Liston, AD, Smith, DR, Rasnitsyn, AP, Shinohara, A, Heidemaa, M, Viitasaari, M, 2009. Studies toward a World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 2254: 1 - 96" title="Studies toward a World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2254.1.1" volume="2254" year="2009">Blank et al. (2009</bibRefCitation>
: 32).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Tenthredo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenthredo australis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">Tenthredo australis</taxonomicName>
Lepeletier, 1823:71. Syntype(s) ♀, lost. Type locality: Midi (France). Primary homonym of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Tenthredo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenthredo australis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">Tenthredo australis</taxonomicName>
Serville, 1823.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Hemichroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemichroa monticola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monticola">Hemichroa monticola</taxonomicName>
Ermolenko, 1960: 208-210. Holotype ♀ (Schmalhausen Institute, Kiev: not examined) and 4 female paratypes (one examined). Type locality: Ukraine, Lvovskoj oblasti, Slavekogo rajona, Tuhovalskom perevale.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="taxonomy">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Taxonomy.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="63" refId="B36">Ermolenko (1960)</bibRefCitation>
stated that
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="monticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="monticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">monticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the following characters [character state for
<taxonomicName lsidName="monticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="monticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">monticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in brackets]:
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">- lower surface of antenna noticeably paler than the upper [uniformly dark]</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">- medial emargination of clypeus deep, usually exceeding half of its length [reaching half of its length]</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">- intercostal and lanceolate cells of the fore wing and main half of the hind wing are clearly darkened [wings nearly completely hyaline]</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">- the 2nd anal cell of the posterior wing is almost equal to the length of the median cells [2nd anal cell of the posterior wing noticeably shorter than median one]</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">- 9th tergum predominantly dark [9th tergum red]</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">- cerci yellow [cerci basally yellow, apically fuscous]</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">- valvula 3 of ovipositor on lower margin noticeably convex in lateral view [only slightly convex]</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">- teeth of the proximal half of the ovipositor have two or more smaller additional denticles at the base [these teeth with only one small additional tooth]</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
Only a single paratype of
<taxonomicName lsidName="monticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="monticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">monticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was available for examination, but we also examined four females (HNHM) which have the combination of colour characters described for
<taxonomicName lsidName="monticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="monticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">monticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and were collected at subalpine levels in the Ukrainian Carpathians, as was the type series of
<taxonomicName lsidName="monticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="monticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">monticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We did not observe any significant difference in the depth of the clypeal emargination between Carpathian specimens and
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from other parts of Europe. The other characters used to distinguish
<taxonomicName lsidName="monticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="monticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">monticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are either extremely weak, such as the slightly darkened tips of the cerci and the degree of curvature of the lower edge of valvula 3, or are variable among studied
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
females, such as the length of the hind wing anal cell and the presence or absence of denticles on the more basal serrulae of the lancet (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 108112" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 108 - 112. Hemichroa, lancets 108 - 109 australis DEI-GISHym 15387, Sweden, Torne Lappmark; arrow, spurette 110 australis DEI-GISHym 31836, Ukraine, Carpathians 111 australis DEI-GISHym 31837, Russian Federation, Baskiria 112 crocea DEI-GISHym 19401, Germany, Brandenburg; arrow, spurette." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures108-112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340351" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures108-112">Figs 108-111</figureCitation>
). The shape of sawteeth and the number of serrulae can even vary between the left and right lancets of the same individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 108112" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 108 - 112. Hemichroa, lancets 108 - 109 australis DEI-GISHym 15387, Sweden, Torne Lappmark; arrow, spurette 110 australis DEI-GISHym 31836, Ukraine, Carpathians 111 australis DEI-GISHym 31837, Russian Federation, Baskiria 112 crocea DEI-GISHym 19401, Germany, Brandenburg; arrow, spurette." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures108-112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340351" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures108-112">Figs 108-109</figureCitation>
), possibly as a result of wear (see
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631295X00062" author="Schmidt, S" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="385 - 392" refId="B148" refString="Schmidt, S, Walter, GH, 1995. Description of Dineurapullior sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), with quantified observations on saw wear. Entomologica scandinavica 26: 385 - 392" title="Description of Dineurapullior sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), with quantified observations on saw wear." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631295X00062" volume="26" year="1995">Schmidt and Walter 1995</bibRefCitation>
). Ermolenko considered
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. monticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="monticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">H. monticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a neo-endemic element of the Carpathian subalpine fauna, associated with
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus viridis" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Alnus viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but several of the characters which he gave as distinguishing it from
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur apparently independently of each other in the
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
females which we have examined from many parts of the West Palaearctic. For example, tergum 9 mainly pale, but whole wing-membrane blackish from base of fore wing up to approximately the level of the pterostigma [Germany, Berlin], or antennae entirely black, and wing membrane nearly entirely hyaline, but 9th tergum black [Sweden, Lapland]. In our opinion, Ermolenko underestimated the range of variability in
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName lsidName="monticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="monticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">monticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
falls within this range. Therefore, we treat the taxa as conspecific. Nevertheless, comparison of relevant genetic data should still be undertaken.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures104-107" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340350" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" start="Figures 104107" startId="F11">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Figures 104-107.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Hemichroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemichroa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Hemichroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, penis valves
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">104</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DEI-GISHym15392 Germany, Saxony
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">105</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DEI-GISHym20618, Sweden, Kiruna
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">106</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DEI-GISHym84982, Japan, Honshu
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">107</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DEI-GISHym31838, Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures108-112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340351" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" start="Figures 108112" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Figures 108-112.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Hemichroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemichroa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Hemichroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, lancets
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">108-109</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DEI-GISHym15387, Sweden, Torne Lappmark; arrow, spurette
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">110</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DEI-GISHym31836, Ukraine, Carpathians
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">111</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DEI-GISHym31837, Russian Federation, Baskiria
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">112</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DEI-GISHym19401, Germany, Brandenburg; arrow, spurette.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
Previously published descriptions of the male of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Hemichroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemichroa australis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Hemichroa australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the colour characters which are claimed to distinguish it from that of
<taxonomicName lsidName="crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are partly contradictory, and may not be reliable.
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.48019150702" author="Enslin, E" journalOrPublisher="Sumptibus Guilelmi Engelmann, Lipsiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" refId="B35" refString="Enslin, E, 1915. . https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.48019150702" url="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.48019150702" year="1915">Enslin (1915</bibRefCitation>
: 317) wrote [translated from German]: &quot;According to Cameron, the male of
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">H. crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Geoffr. is just like that of
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. alni" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="alni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">H. alni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]; Cameron (Monograph Brit. Phyt. Hym. II p. 7) saw some males of
<taxonomicName lsidName="crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reared by Fletcher and could not distinguish them from
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. alni" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="alni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">H. alni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Because nothing further on this subject is reported in the literature and it was not possible for us to obtain males of
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">H. crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for examination, the separation of the males of these species must remain unresolved until a later date&quot;.
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="63" refId="B9">Benson (1958)</bibRefCitation>
stated that the male of
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot;Differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
♂ in that the antenna is at least red below [
<taxonomicName lsidName="crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: antenna entirely black] and the
<taxonomicName lsidName="stigma" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="stigma">stigma</taxonomicName>
of the wing is piceous [
<taxonomicName lsidName="crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: pterostigma brown in the middle] &quot;.
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631275X00145" author="Smith, DR" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="297 - 302" refId="B150" refString="Smith, DR, 1975. The sawfly genus Hemichroa Stephens: a review of species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Entomologica scandinavica 6: 297 - 302" title="The sawfly genus Hemichroa Stephens: a review of species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631275X00145" volume="6" year="1975">Smith (1975)</bibRefCitation>
, in his key to World
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Hemichroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemichroa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Hemichroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, wrote that he did not know the male of
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and repeated the characters given by
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="63" refId="B9">Benson (1958)</bibRefCitation>
. But in the text under
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">H. crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631275X00145" author="Smith, DR" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="297 - 302" refId="B150" refString="Smith, DR, 1975. The sawfly genus Hemichroa Stephens: a review of species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Entomologica scandinavica 6: 297 - 302" title="The sawfly genus Hemichroa Stephens: a review of species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631275X00145" volume="6" year="1975">Smith (1975)</bibRefCitation>
wrote &quot;It may be separated from other species by the presence of the radial crossvein [2r-rs] in the fore wing and characters of the genitalia (figs 3, 4)&quot;. The first character state was surely mentioned in error: all
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Hemichroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemichroa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Hemichroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species usually possess vein 2r-rs, except for the taxon treated by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631275X00145" author="Smith, DR" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="297 - 302" refId="B150" refString="Smith, DR, 1975. The sawfly genus Hemichroa Stephens: a review of species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Entomologica scandinavica 6: 297 - 302" title="The sawfly genus Hemichroa Stephens: a review of species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631275X00145" volume="6" year="1975">Smith (1975)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. militaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="militaris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">H. militaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cresson, 1880), which is currently placed in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Dineura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dineura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Dineura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum likelihood tree of Nematinae based on four genes (COI, NaK, POL 2, TPI). Only specimens sequenced for all four genes were included. Short introns from POL 2 and TPI were excluded. The best-fit model chosen according to Bayesian information criterion was GTR + R 4. Numbers at branches show SH-aLRT support (%) / ultrafast bootstrap support (%) values. Support values for weakly supported branches (&lt;90) are not shown. Letters &quot; f &quot; and &quot; m &quot; stand for &quot; female &quot; and &quot; male &quot;, and are not given for larvae. Numbers at the end of the tip labels refer to the length of the sequence and the number of ambiguous positions (e. g., heterozygosities). The number of ambiguous positions given for two males are due to variation in mitochondrial COI because of possible heteroplasmy. The tree was rooted as in Prous et al. (2014). The scale bar shows the number of estimated substitutions per nucleotide position." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340340" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figure1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.40.7442" author="Prous, M" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 69" refId="B127" refString="Prous, M, Blank, SM, Goulet, H, Heibo, E, Liston, A, Malm, T, Nyman, T, Schmidt, S, Smith, DR, Vardal, H, Viitasaari, M, Vikberg, V, Taeger, A, 2014. The genera of Nematinae (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 40: 1 - 69" title="The genera of Nematinae (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.40.7442" volume="40" year="2014">Prous et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). See below under
<taxonomicName lsidName="crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for additional discussion of diagnostic characters of males of
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
Body length: female 6.5-8.5 mm, male 6.0-6.5 mm. Wing colour highly variable in both sexes, from nearly entirely hyaline, to entire hind wing and basal fore wing up to about pterostigma conspicuously darkened. Female (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 98103" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 98 - 103. Hemichroa 98 - 100 crocea DEI-GISHym 19402 ♀, Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 99, 101 australis DEI-GISHym 15401 ♀, Sweden, Torne Lappmark 102 crocea DEI-GISHym 31838 ♂, Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 103 australis DEI-GISHym 20618 ♂, Sweden, Torne Lappmark, fore wing. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures98-103" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340349" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures98-103">Figs 99</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 98103" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 98 - 103. Hemichroa 98 - 100 crocea DEI-GISHym 19402 ♀, Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 99, 101 australis DEI-GISHym 15401 ♀, Sweden, Torne Lappmark 102 crocea DEI-GISHym 31838 ♂, Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 103 australis DEI-GISHym 20618 ♂, Sweden, Torne Lappmark, fore wing. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures98-103" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340349" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures98-103">101</figureCitation>
): Black. Red are head, except more or less for labrum and antenna; pronotum, tegula, mesoscutum, more or less mesoscutellar appendage; more or less the apex of abdomen. Legs black, except for more or less brownish fore legs. Lancet:
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 104107" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 104 - 107. Hemichroa, penis valves 104 australis DEI-GISHym 15392 Germany, Saxony 105 australis DEI-GISHym 20618, Sweden, Kiruna 106 australis DEI-GISHym 84982, Japan, Honshu 107 crocea DEI-GISHym 31838, Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures104-107" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340350" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures104-107">Figs 106</figureCitation>
-
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 108112" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 108 - 112. Hemichroa, lancets 108 - 109 australis DEI-GISHym 15387, Sweden, Torne Lappmark; arrow, spurette 110 australis DEI-GISHym 31836, Ukraine, Carpathians 111 australis DEI-GISHym 31837, Russian Federation, Baskiria 112 crocea DEI-GISHym 19401, Germany, Brandenburg; arrow, spurette." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures108-112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340351" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures108-112">109</figureCitation>
. Male (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 98103" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 98 - 103. Hemichroa 98 - 100 crocea DEI-GISHym 19402 ♀, Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 99, 101 australis DEI-GISHym 15401 ♀, Sweden, Torne Lappmark 102 crocea DEI-GISHym 31838 ♂, Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 103 australis DEI-GISHym 20618 ♂, Sweden, Torne Lappmark, fore wing. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures98-103" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340349" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures98-103">Fig. 103</figureCitation>
): Head and body entirely black, except more or less for underside of antennae, tegulae, extreme upper posterior edge of pronotum, and subgenital plate. Legs entirely red, except for black coxa and more or less trochanters and trochantelli. One male (DEI-GISHym20617), presumably atypical, has the thorax red and black patterned, exactly as in females. Penis valve:
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 104107" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 104 - 107. Hemichroa, penis valves 104 australis DEI-GISHym 15392 Germany, Saxony 105 australis DEI-GISHym 20618, Sweden, Kiruna 106 australis DEI-GISHym 84982, Japan, Honshu 107 crocea DEI-GISHym 31838, Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures104-107" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340350" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures104-107">Figs 104-106</figureCitation>
; note the variability in shape of the distal projections.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
Our characterisation of the male of
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is based primarily on three specimens from Germany (BC ZSM HYM 04094), Lapland (DEI-GISHym20618), and Japan (DEI-GISHym84982), with identity confirmed by barcoding. Fore wing basally darkened or mostly subhyaline, the antennae black with reddish undersides (or nearly completely pale in the Japanese specimen), and the
<taxonomicName lsidName="stigma" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="stigma">stigma</taxonomicName>
uniformly dark. The body is completely black, except for the slightly brown tegulae, harpes, and distal edge of sternum 9; and all tibiae completely pale. One further male from Torne Lappmark in the SDEI, and the long series of males from Ukraine, have the same coloration except for mostly subhyaline fore wing. The latter exhibit little variability, except that the tegulae and upper posterior edges of the pronotum may be completely black, or more or less brown, and the antennae usually extensively reddish, but occasionally nearly completely black. The wing veins of the males from Lapland, including the fore wing pterostigma, are, however, darker than the Ukrainian specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="similar species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Similar species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
See key, and notes on male (above, and under
<taxonomicName lsidName="crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, below). Compared with
<taxonomicName lsidName="crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 108112" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 108 - 112. Hemichroa, lancets 108 - 109 australis DEI-GISHym 15387, Sweden, Torne Lappmark; arrow, spurette 110 australis DEI-GISHym 31836, Ukraine, Carpathians 111 australis DEI-GISHym 31837, Russian Federation, Baskiria 112 crocea DEI-GISHym 19401, Germany, Brandenburg; arrow, spurette." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures108-112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340351" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures108-112">Fig. 112</figureCitation>
), the most obvious differences in the lancet of
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 108112" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 108 - 112. Hemichroa, lancets 108 - 109 australis DEI-GISHym 15387, Sweden, Torne Lappmark; arrow, spurette 110 australis DEI-GISHym 31836, Ukraine, Carpathians 111 australis DEI-GISHym 31837, Russian Federation, Baskiria 112 crocea DEI-GISHym 19401, Germany, Brandenburg; arrow, spurette." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures108-112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340351" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures108-112">Figs 108-111</figureCitation>
) are the greater number and smaller size of ctenidia on the annular sutures, smaller distance between each basal and median sawtooth and its spurette, and its less hooked median sawteeth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="life history">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Life history.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
Host plants (in Europe):
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula pendula" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pendula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Betula pendula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="pubescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="pubescens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">pubescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Kontuniemi, T" journalOrPublisher="Animalia Fennica" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 104" refId="B73" refString="Kontuniemi, T, 1960. Suomen sahapistiaeistoukkien ravintokasvit. Die Futterpflanzen der Saegewespenlarven (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) Finnlands. Animalia Fennica 9: 1 - 104" title="Suomen sahapistiaeistoukkien ravintokasvit. Die Futterpflanzen der Saegewespenlarven (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) Finnlands." volume="9" year="1960">Kontuniemi 1960</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName lsidName="pubescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="pubescens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">pubescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
var.
<taxonomicName lsidName="var. pumila" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="variety" variety="pumila">pumila</taxonomicName>
(see Specimens examined),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">utilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Schedl, W" journalOrPublisher="Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="93 - 104" refId="B145" refString="Schedl, W, 2010. Die Pflanzenwespen im Botanischen Garten Innsbruck (Tirol, Oesterreich) Artengarnitur, Bluetenbesuch und Phaenologie (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Symphyta). Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck 96: 93 - 104" title="Die Pflanzenwespen im Botanischen Garten Innsbruck (Tirol, Oesterreich) Artengarnitur, Bluetenbesuch und Phaenologie (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Symphyta)." volume="96" year="2010">Schedl 2010</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="incana" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="incana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">incana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName lsidName="viridis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Kontuniemi, T" journalOrPublisher="Animalia Fennica" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 104" refId="B73" refString="Kontuniemi, T, 1960. Suomen sahapistiaeistoukkien ravintokasvit. Die Futterpflanzen der Saegewespenlarven (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) Finnlands. Animalia Fennica 9: 1 - 104" title="Suomen sahapistiaeistoukkien ravintokasvit. Die Futterpflanzen der Saegewespenlarven (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) Finnlands." volume="9" year="1960">Kontuniemi 1960</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Pschorn-Walcher, H" journalOrPublisher="Linzer biologische Beitraege" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="273 - 327" refId="B134" refString="Pschorn-Walcher, H, Altenhofer, E, 2000. Langjaehrige Larvenaufsammlungen und Zuchten von Pflanzenwespen (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) in Mitteleuropa. Linzer biologische Beitraege 32: 273 - 327" title="Langjaehrige Larvenaufsammlungen und Zuchten von Pflanzenwespen (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) in Mitteleuropa." volume="32" year="2000">Pschorn-Walcher and Altenhofer 2000</bibRefCitation>
), and further
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Alnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species in the East Palaearctic. Larvae solitary, and cryptic (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 8897" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 88 - 97. Larvae of Nematinae 88 Hemichroa australis 89 Nematus lonicerae (photo E. Altenhofer) 90 Nematus wahlbergi 91 Nematus lucidus 92 Euura melanocephalus 93 Nematus latipes 94 Nematus septentrionalis 95 - 96 Nematus alniastri 97 Nematus princeps (photo V. Vikberg)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures88-97" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340348" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.875.35748.figures88-97">Fig. 88</figureCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.46.7064" author="Boeve, J-L" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="25 - 33" refId="B14" refString="Boeve, J-L, 2015. Multimodal defensive strategies in larvae of two Hemichroa sawfly species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 46: 25 - 33" title="Multimodal defensive strategies in larvae of two Hemichroa sawfly species." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.46.7064" volume="46" year="2015">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boevé">Boeve</normalizedToken>
(2015)
</bibRefCitation>
compared the defensive strategy of
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="crocea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larvae. Two overlapping generations in the lowlands. Although males of both European
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Hemichroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemichroa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Hemichroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species have generally been considered to be rare (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="63" refId="B9">Benson 1958</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631275X00145" author="Smith, DR" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="297 - 302" refId="B150" refString="Smith, DR, 1975. The sawfly genus Hemichroa Stephens: a review of species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Entomologica scandinavica 6: 297 - 302" title="The sawfly genus Hemichroa Stephens: a review of species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631275X00145" volume="6" year="1975">Smith 1975</bibRefCitation>
), males of
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are, at least regionally, evidently rather abundant. In a series of 104 specimens collected by Ermolenko in the montane zone of the Ukrainian Carpathians, 92 are males, and 2 of 5 specimens recently collected in the Torne
<normalizedToken originalValue="Träsk">Traesk</normalizedToken>
Region are males.
<bibRefCitation author="Malaise, R" journalOrPublisher="Entomologisk Tidskrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 20" refId="B108" refString="Malaise, R, 1921b. Beitraege zur Kenntnis schwedischer Blattwespen. Entomologisk Tidskrift 41: 1 - 20" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis schwedischer Blattwespen." volume="41" year="1921 b">Malaise (1921b)</bibRefCitation>
also noted that although males of
<taxonomicName lsidName="australis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are usually extremely rare, three of six specimens which he collected in the Torne
<normalizedToken originalValue="Träsk">Traesk</normalizedToken>
area were males. Perhaps males are more frequent in areas with a cooler climate, which would represent an interesting departure from the usual pattern in
<taxonomicName lsidName="Tenthredinoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="superfamily" superfamily="Tenthredinoidea">Tenthredinoidea</taxonomicName>
of a higher female to male ratio in warmer areas (
<bibRefCitation author="Benson, RB" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Society of British Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="45 - 142" refId="B6" refString="Benson, RB, 1950. An introduction to the natural history of British sawflies. Transactions of the Society of British Entomology 10: 45 - 142" title="An introduction to the natural history of British sawflies." volume="10" year="1950">Benson 1950</bibRefCitation>
: 126).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
Trans-palaearctic from the British Isles, through north and central Europe (
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="63" refId="B156">Taeger et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
) to Yakutia (
<bibRefCitation author="Sundukov, YN" editor="Belokobylskij, SA" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Zoologiceskogo Instituta Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk, Supplement No" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="20 - 117" refId="B154" refString="Sundukov, YN, 2017. Suborder Symphyta - Sawflies and Wood Wasps. In: Belokobylskij, SA, Lelej, AS, Eds., Annotated Catalogue of the Hymenoptera of Russia. Volume 1. Symphyta and Apocrita: Aculeata. . Trudy Zoologiceskogo Instituta Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk, Supplement No 6: 20 - 117" title="Suborder Symphyta - Sawflies and Wood Wasps." volume="6" volumeTitle="Annotated Catalogue of the Hymenoptera of Russia. Volume 1. Symphyta and Apocrita: Aculeata." year="2017">Sundukov 2017</bibRefCitation>
) and Japan (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631275X00145" author="Smith, DR" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="297 - 302" refId="B150" refString="Smith, DR, 1975. The sawfly genus Hemichroa Stephens: a review of species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Entomologica scandinavica 6: 297 - 302" title="The sawfly genus Hemichroa Stephens: a review of species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631275X00145" volume="6" year="1975">Smith 1975</bibRefCitation>
; see also Specimens examined).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="occurrence in sweden">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Occurrence in Sweden.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
Published records:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Skåne">Skane</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1865.tb00032.x" author="Andersson, H" journalOrPublisher="Opuscula Entomologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="28 - 34" refId="B1" refString="Andersson, H, 1962. Bidrag till kaennedomen om de skandinaviska vaextsteklarnas utbredning (Hym. Phytophaga). Opuscula Entomologica 27: 28 - 34" title="Bidrag till kaennedomen om de skandinaviska vaextsteklarnas utbredning (Hym. Phytophaga)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1865.tb00032.x" volume="27" year="1962">Andersson 1962</bibRefCitation>
), &quot;this species seems to be widespread throughout Sweden&quot; (
<bibRefCitation author="Thomson, CG" journalOrPublisher="Olsson, Lundae" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" refId="B161" refString="Thomson, CG, 1871. Hymenoptera Scandinaviae (Tenthredo et Sirex Lin.). H. Olsson, Lundae" title="Hymenoptera Scandinaviae (Tenthredo et Sirex Lin.). H." year="1871">Thomson 1871</bibRefCitation>
). Material was examined from
<normalizedToken originalValue="Skåne">Skane</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Småland">Smaland</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Östergötland">Oestergoetland</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bohuslän">Bohuslaen</normalizedToken>
, Uppland,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Västmanland">Vaestmanland</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jämtland">Jaemtland</normalizedToken>
, Lycksele Lappmark, Torne Lappmark.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
Czech Republic: 1♀ (ZSM). France: Gironde: 1♂ (DEI-GISHym20617), Saucats, 44.65000N, 0.60000W, 16.08.2012, leg. H. Chevin (SDEI). Germany: 17♀ (SDEI, ZSM, ZMHB). 1♂ (DEI-GISHym31923), Bayern, Dingolfing, Stadtwald, 06.06.1992, leg. Liston (SDEI). 1♂ (DEI-GISHym15392), Sachsen, Erzgebirge, Altenberg Umg., 22.07.1985, leg. S. Walter (SDEI). Japan: Honshu: 1♂ (DEI-GISHym84982), Omeshidake W, Road 112, 1900 m, 36.62400N, 138.45400W, 22.07.2016, leg. A. Taeger (SDEI). Russia: Respublika Bashkortostan (Baskiria): 1♀ (DEI-GISHym31837), Burzyanskaya obl. / Baskir Reserve, 53.16666N, 57.50000E, 30.06.1985, leg. V. M. Ermolenko (HNHM). Primorskiy Kray: 1♀, Anisimovka: Gribanovka 1km N, 450 m, 43.12600N, 132.79700E, 18.06.2017, leg. A. Taeger (SDEI). Sweden:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Skåne">Skane</normalizedToken>
: 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006494), no exact locality, leg. Boheman (NHRS). 1♀,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Krankesjön">Krankesjoen</normalizedToken>
, 55.70000N, 13.46666E, 03.08.1974, leg. H. Andersson (MZLU).
<normalizedToken originalValue="Småland">Smaland</normalizedToken>
: 2♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006495-6), no further data (NHRS). 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006500), no further data (NHRS).
<normalizedToken originalValue="Östergötland">Oestergoetland</normalizedToken>
: 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006498), no exact locality, leg. Wahlgren (NHRS).
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bohuslän">Bohuslaen</normalizedToken>
: 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006499), no further data, leg. Boheman (NHRS). Uppland: 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000003425), Frescati, leg. Malaise (NHRS). 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006502),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ulleråkers">Ullerakers</normalizedToken>
sjukhus (Asylen) (NHRS).
<normalizedToken originalValue="Västmanland">Vaestmanland</normalizedToken>
: 1♀, Sala kommun,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nötmyran">Noetmyran</normalizedToken>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Västerfärnebo">Vaesterfaernebo</normalizedToken>
), birches at Islingby,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Östermyran">Oestermyran</normalizedToken>
, 59.94198N, 16.30944E, 25.10.2003-08.06.2004, leg. SMTP (NHRS).
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jämtland">Jaemtland</normalizedToken>
: 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006501), no further data (NHRS). Lycksele Lappmark: 2♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006503-4), Sorsele, 29.07.1929 and 05.07.1931, leg. Gaunitz (NHRS). Torne Lappmark: 3♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006505, 6507, 6508), Torne
<normalizedToken originalValue="Träsk">Traesk</normalizedToken>
, 04/06.07.1918 and one without date, leg. Malaise (NHRS). 2♂ (NHRS-HEVA000006510/12), Abisko, 04/08.07.1918, leg. Malaise (NHRS). 1♂ (NHRS-HEVA000006511),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Torneträsk">Tornetraesk</normalizedToken>
, 03.07.1918, leg. Malaise (NHRS). 1♂ (NHRS-HEVA000006513), Kummavuopio, 23.07.1923, leg. Bruce (NHRS). 1♂ (DEI-GISHym20618), Kiruna nr. airport, 450 m, 67.84000N, 20.35000E, 21.06.2012, leg. Liston &amp; Taeger (SDEI). 2♀ (DEI-GISHym15387, 15401), Kiruna nr. airport, 450 m, 67.84000N, 20.35000E, 01.07.2012, leg. Liston &amp; Taeger (SDEI). 1♂, Abisko National Park, E10, 390 m, 68.35300N, 18.81500E, 30.06.2012, leg. Liston &amp; Taeger (SDEI). 1♀, Abisko 9 km E (Stordalen), 400 m, 68.35000N, 19.03500E, 04.07.2016, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI).1♀, Abisko 6 km W, 650-900 m, 68.34200N, 18.69100E, 02.07.2016, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI). 1♀, Kiruna, near airport, 450 m, 67.84000N, 20.35000E, 22.06.2016, leg. Liston (SDEI). 1 larva (DEI-GISHym83694), on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula pubescens var. pumila" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="pubescens" variety="pumila">Betula pubescens var. pumila</taxonomicName>
, Abisko 9 km E (Stordalen) (Sweden: Norrbottens
<normalizedToken originalValue="Län">Laen</normalizedToken>
), 400 m, 68.35000N, 19.03500E, 05.08.2017, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI). Switzerland: 3♀ (SDEI, ZSM). Ukraine: 12♀, 92♂ (HNHM), and: 1♀ (DEI-GISHym30203: Paratype of
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. monticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="monticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">H. monticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ermolenko), Lvivska Oblast, Slavekogo rajona, Tukhovalsky Pass, 16.08.1957, leg. V. M. Ermolenko (ZISP). 1♀ (DEI-GISHym31836),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ivano-Frankivska">Ivano-Frankivs'ka</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Oblast">Oblast'</normalizedToken>
, Csernogora, Pozsizsevszkaja, 26.06.1975, leg. V. M. Ermolenko (HNHM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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