176 lines
18 KiB
XML
176 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5252/g2013n3a3" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5372262" approvalRequired="41" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="9" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="24" approvalRequired_for_treatments="8" checkinTime="1630271923674" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Mark-Kurik, Elga, Blieck, Alain, Burrow, Carole J. & Turner, Susan" docDate="2013" docId="493F87AAFF88623F6979FBE4FE55FCDE" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.2013.35.3.545-578.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 35 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2013n3a3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F8AA0CB5AB58FB1C1EB3E4696C1B2D36.1:Geodiversitas.2013-2014.journal_article" docStyleId="F8AA0CB5AB58FB1C1EB3E4696C1B2D36" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2013-2014.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Porolepis Woodward 1891" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="567" masterDocId="B506FFD2FF9E6228684EFFCBFFADFFF2" masterDocTitle="Early Devonian fishes from coastal De Long Strait, central Chukotka, Arctic Russia" masterLastPageNumber="578" masterPageNumber="545" pageNumber="567" updateTime="1630911175474" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Early Devonian fishes from coastal De Long Strait, central Chukotka, Arctic Russia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Mark-Kurik, Elga</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Blieck, Alain</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Burrow, Carole J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Turner, Susan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-09-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>35</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>545</mods:start>
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<mods:end>578</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2013n3a3</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5252/g2013n3a3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5372262</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:493F87AAFF88623F6979FBE4FE55FCDE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/493F87AAFF88623F6979FBE4FE55FCDE" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="567" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">
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<subSubSection box="[311,449,1071,1098]" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[311,449,1071,1098]" box="[311,449,1071,1098]" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">
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<heading box="[311,449,1071,1098]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1891" box="[311,403,1071,1097]" class="Sarcopterygii" family="Porolepididae" genus="Porolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Porolepiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[311,403,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">Porolepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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? sp.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[332,427,1103,1129]" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[332,427,1103,1129]" box="[332,427,1103,1129]" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[340,419,1103,1129]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[113,124,757,775]" captionTargetBox="[204,1134,238,678]" captionTargetId="figure-358@22.[170,1152,214,713]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 10. — Porolepis? sp. from the Lower Devonian of Chukotka, Arctic far-eastern Russia, specimen GIT 580-27: A, lateral view; B, dorsolateral view.Locality (sample) 73,Tonnel’nyj Brook,Lower Member (1) of Enmakaj Formation,Lochkovian.Scale bars:200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5372280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5372280/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="567" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[113,646,1160,1210]" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">
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MATERIAL. — Specimen
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<collectionCode box="[377,423,1160,1184]" country="Estonia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mgb7-88hy" name="Institute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" type="University or college">GIT</collectionCode>
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580-27: fragment of bone or scale.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="22.[112,649,1234,1443]" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">
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<materialsCitation location="De Long Strait" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chukotka">
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LOCALITY AND STRATIGRAPHIC HORIZON. — Locality (sample) 73, Tonnel’nyj Brook, south of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:493F87AAFF88623F6979FBE4FE55FCDE:C4496067FF88623E69BBFB26FD28FAF6" box="[501,645,1260,1285]" name="De Long Strait" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" stateProvince="Chukotka">De Long Strait</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[112,213,1287,1311]" country="Russia" name="Chukotka" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">Chukotka</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation collectorName="Member IV" location="Lower Member" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chukotka">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:493F87AAFF88623F6979FBE4FE55FCDE:C4496067FF88623E6891FACCFEDBFAED" box="[223,374,1287,1311]" name="Lower Member" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" stateProvince="Chukotka">Lower Member</location>
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(1) of Enmakaj Formation, Lochkovian.
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<bibRefCitation author="CHERKESOVA S. V." box="[240,420,1313,1337]" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" pagination="276 - 279" refId="ref19022" refString="CHERKESOVA S. V. 1973. - [Lower Devonian deposits of the Soviet Arctic], in NALIVKIN B. V. (ed.), hvird International Symposium of the Silurian-Devonian Boundary and the Stratigraphy of the Lower and Middle Devonian (Leningrad, 1968), II: Stratigraphy of the Lower and Middle Devonian: 276 - 279 (in Russian, with English summary)." type="book chapter" year="1973">Cherkesova (1973</bibRefCitation>
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: table) indicated an occurrence of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1891" box="[232,314,1340,1364]" class="Sarcopterygii" family="Porolepididae" genus="Porolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Porolepiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[232,314,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">Porolepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the interval of the
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<collectorName pageId="22" pageNumber="567">Member IV</collectorName>
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to the lower part of the Member VIII of the Enmakaj Formation. So, the fish was discovered not in the basal part of the formation, but in a somewhat higher level
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="567" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[112,648,1484,1700]" lastBlockId="22.[677,1210,849,1034]" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">
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DESCRIPTION ħe Enmakaj assemblage contains a single small fragment of a porolepiform sarcopterygian (GIT 580-27;
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<figureCitation box="[207,283,1578,1604]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[113,124,757,775]" captionTargetBox="[204,1134,238,678]" captionTargetId="figure-358@22.[170,1152,214,713]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 10. — Porolepis? sp. from the Lower Devonian of Chukotka, Arctic far-eastern Russia, specimen GIT 580-27: A, lateral view; B, dorsolateral view.Locality (sample) 73,Tonnel’nyj Brook,Lower Member (1) of Enmakaj Formation,Lochkovian.Scale bars:200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5372280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5372280/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">Fig.10</figureCitation>
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). It has a smooth cosmine covered surface penetrated by pore-canals. In cross section the upper cosmine layer consists of the fused goblet-shaped odontodes, some of them showing segments of narrow pulp canals. Flask-shaped cavities separate the odontodes and end higher up with pores (
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<figureCitation box="[807,908,913,939]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[113,124,757,775]" captionTargetBox="[204,1134,238,678]" captionTargetId="figure-358@22.[170,1152,214,713]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 10. — Porolepis? sp. from the Lower Devonian of Chukotka, Arctic far-eastern Russia, specimen GIT 580-27: A, lateral view; B, dorsolateral view.Locality (sample) 73,Tonnel’nyj Brook,Lower Member (1) of Enmakaj Formation,Lochkovian.Scale bars:200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5372280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5372280/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
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). Below cosmine is a rather compact layer of spongiosa (
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<figureCitation box="[991,1088,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[113,124,757,775]" captionTargetBox="[204,1134,238,678]" captionTargetId="figure-358@22.[170,1152,214,713]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 10. — Porolepis? sp. from the Lower Devonian of Chukotka, Arctic far-eastern Russia, specimen GIT 580-27: A, lateral view; B, dorsolateral view.Locality (sample) 73,Tonnel’nyj Brook,Lower Member (1) of Enmakaj Formation,Lochkovian.Scale bars:200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5372280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5372280/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
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). ħe fragment can be provisionally identified as belonging to a species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1891" box="[833,924,1008,1034]" class="Sarcopterygii" family="Porolepididae" genus="Porolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Porolepiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[833,924,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">Porolepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="568" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="22.[675,1212,1073,1699]" lastBlockId="23.[111,649,216,812]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="568" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">
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COMMENTS ON STRATIGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND TAXONOMY ħe porolepidids are known from the Lower and Middle Devonian of many regions: Rhineland, Baltic area, Spitsbergen, Urals,?Western
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<collectingCountry box="[1150,1207,1198,1224]" name="United States of America" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">USA</collectingCountry>
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, Canadian and Russian Arctic (including Novaya Zemlya),?
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<collectingCountry box="[796,890,1261,1287]" name="Vietnam" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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(Ørvig 1957, 1969b; Mark- Kurik & Novitskaya 1977;
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<bibRefCitation author="BLIECK A. & JANVIER P." box="[966,1205,1293,1319]" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" pagination="87 - 103" refId="ref18427" refString="BLIECK A. & JANVIER P. 1993. - Silurian-Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of Siberia and neighbouring terranes, in LONG J. A. (ed.), Palaeozoic Vertebrate Biostratigraphy and Biogeography. Belhaven Press, London: 87 - 103." type="book chapter" year="1993">
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Blieck &
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<date box="[1067,1205,1293,1319]" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" value="1993-01">Janvier 1993</date>
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</bibRefCitation>
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; Vorobyeva 2004). In our case occurrences from the Lower Devonian are of particular interest. Earlier it was considered that porolepidids appeared in the Pragian (Siegenian) (Vorobyeva & Obruchev 1964). But re-assessment of age of several local stratigraphical units evidence that they were rather common already in the Lochkovian. Lochkovian stratigraphical units with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1891" box="[948,1038,1546,1572]" class="Sarcopterygii" family="Porolepididae" genus="Porolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Porolepiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="567" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[948,1038,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">Porolepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are: the Kureika Formation of the Siberian Platform (
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<bibRefCitation author="CHERKESOVA S. V. & TALIMAA V. N. & MATUKHIN R. G." pageId="22" pageNumber="567" refId="ref19344" refString="CHERKESOVA S. V., KARATAJUTE- TALIMAA V. N. & MATUKHIN R. G. (eds) 1994. - Stratigrafiya i fauna nizhnedevonskih otlozhenij tarejskogo opornogo razreza [Stratigraphy and Fauna Lower Devonian Deposits of the Tareya Reference Section (Taimyr)]. Nedra, St. Petersburg: 245 p. (in Russian)." type="book" year="1994">
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Cherkesova
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<emphasis box="[678,729,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="567">et al.</emphasis>
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1994
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</bibRefCitation>
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; Matukhin 1995), the Bely Kamen and Uryum Beds of the Ust-Tareya Regional Stage of Taimyr Peninsula (Cherkesova 1994), and the Pshenitsyn River Formation of Kotelnyj Island, New Siberian Archipelago (
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<bibRefCitation author="CHERKESOVA S. V." box="[359,557,247,274]" pageId="23" pageNumber="568" pagination="22 - 27" refId="ref19095" refString="CHERKESOVA S. V. 1975. - Sravnitel'naya kharakteristika nizhne-srednedevonskikh otlozhenij severo-zapadnoj chasti o. Kotel'nogo i drugikh regionov Arktiki [Comparative characterization of the Lower-Middle Devonian deposits, north-western part of Kotelnyj Island and other Arctic regions], in VOL' NOV D. A. (ed.), Geologiya i poleznye iskopaemye Novosisbirskikh ostrovov i ostrova Vrangelya [Geology and mineral resources of New Siberian Islands and Wrangel Island]. NIIGA, Leningrad: 22 - 27 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1975">Cherkesova 1975</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="CHERKESOVA S. V." box="[570,631,248,274]" pageId="23" pageNumber="568" pagination="669 - 679" refId="ref19183" refString="CHERKESOVA S. V. 1988. - Lower and Middle Devonian marine deposits of the Soviet Arctic and correlation with Arctic Canada, in MCMILLAN N. J., EMBRY A. F. & GLASS D. J. (eds), Devonian of the World. Vol. III. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 14: 669 - 679." type="journal article" year="1988">1988</bibRefCitation>
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). Mark-Kurik (1974) mentioned the similarity of the Pshenitsyn River Formation fish assemblage to that of the Kureika Formation.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1891" box="[390,479,342,368]" class="Sarcopterygii" family="Porolepididae" genus="Porolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Porolepiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="568" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[390,479,342,368]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="568">Porolepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the Enmakaj Formation of Chukotka came according to a later age dating also from the Lochkovian (Cherkesova, pers. comm. to EMK 1976) [see here the section “age and correlation”].
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1891" box="[378,472,469,495]" class="Sarcopterygii" family="Porolepididae" genus="Porolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Porolepiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="568" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[378,472,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="568">Porolepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is abundant in the Enmakaj Formation (
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<bibRefCitation author="CHERKESOVA S. V." box="[388,636,501,527]" pageId="23" pageNumber="568" pagination="276 - 279" refId="ref19022" refString="CHERKESOVA S. V. 1973. - [Lower Devonian deposits of the Soviet Arctic], in NALIVKIN B. V. (ed.), hvird International Symposium of the Silurian-Devonian Boundary and the Stratigraphy of the Lower and Middle Devonian (Leningrad, 1968), II: Stratigraphy of the Lower and Middle Devonian: 276 - 279 (in Russian, with English summary)." type="book chapter" year="1973">Cherkesova 1973: 279</bibRefCitation>
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). Two Siberian species have been formally defined:
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<taxonomicName authority="Vorobyeva, 1963" authorityName="Vorobyeva" authorityYear="1963" box="[114,482,564,590]" class="Sarcopterygii" family="Porolepididae" genus="Porolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Porolepiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="568" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taimyrica">
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<emphasis box="[114,302,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="568">Porolepis taimyrica</emphasis>
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Vorobyeva, 1963
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authority="Vorobyeva, 1963" authorityName="Vorobyeva" authorityYear="1963" class="Sarcopterygii" family="Porolepididae" genus="Porolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Porolepiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="568" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kureikensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="568">P.kureikensis</emphasis>
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Vorobyeva, 1963
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</taxonomicName>
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. Ørvig (1969b) paid attention to contradictions in identification of porolepiform scales from different Arctic regions, including
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<taxonomicName class="Sarcopterygii" family="Porolepididae" genus="Porolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Porolepiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="568" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="568">Porolepis</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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mentioned above. Porolepiforms were probably the top predators in the fish assemblage of the Enmakaj Formation. Other predators were represented by several acanthodians.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |