380 lines
48 KiB
XML
380 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document id="2C862693CDB0AFC9EBB6EF65F597F901" ID-CLB-Dataset="8413" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4853.4.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0ffa72e0-c3b8-4c3c-8b64-a39dab962daa" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411060" ID-ZooBank="948793DC-3873-4C14-8239-E30ED790E56A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609605308474" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pivar, Robert J., Sinclair, Bradley J. & Moulton, John K." docDate="2020" docId="038F6D29FFC0FFAB85DBFAE6FE001656" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4853.4.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4853 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Austrothaumalea setipennis Edwards 2020, stat. rev." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="520" masterDocId="FFB61551FFC9FFA0854CFFD3FF951007" masterDocTitle="Revision of the South American species of Austrothaumalea Tonnoir (Diptera Thaumaleidae)" masterLastPageNumber="526" masterPageNumber="509" pageNumber="518" updateTime="1698851343633" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8E7DB201A4765B2D16285DE548FCBD1D">Revision of the South American species of Austrothaumalea Tonnoir (Diptera Thaumaleidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C0BCE2BDA8FF610E43F5BC5B018784B1">Pivar, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="85C4F70660971DE8370D2AC7D877472F" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2642-0524</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="BE1FED95C7A1A6AFA1CE44764B58ECB5">The University of Tennessee, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 2505 E. J. Chapman Drive, 370 Plant Biotechnology Building, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, U. S. A. & robertjpivar @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2642 - 0524</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="85D14A6059FD8E50074101258940DF79" type="email">robertjpivar@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="3BD64EDFD7DFFC205A87163E9F709FF1">Sinclair, Bradley J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="057B5C879DDD8A675881DE0F264E14E4" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6413-1606</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="05F2200552A9BAE495DD4FDBC7CFB99D">Canadian National Collection of Insects and Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K. W. Neatby Building, C. E. F., 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6. bradley. sinclair @ canada. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6413 - 1606</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8E827976A7E1378E6411ABFE13D8A4E7" type="email">bradley.sinclair@canada.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C10A18086D349EF8CF875C8F88A2B980">Moulton, John K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EA2C5EEA8D775490961CEA4582E9CDA2">The University of Tennessee, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 2505 E. J. Chapman Drive, 370 Plant Biotechnology Building, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, U. S. A. & jmoulton @ utk. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8760 - 3274</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="1041479F6839B917FAAEF4E8006BB866">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7FB58E49067BDA0189D8451B8D3FC881">
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<mods:date id="DA63F48436A44A0F33C35BF5DB558072">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="88613CC49723FBE3ED4B73BE69938D2A">2020-09-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0BB5EB859D6F3A6053492B99C55B58A3">4853</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038F6D29FFC0FFAB85DBFAE6FE001656" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410959" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177255635" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4410959" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F6D29FFC0FFAB85DBFAE6FE001656" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F6D29FFC0FFAB85DBFAE6FE001656" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="520" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
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<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFC0FFA985DBFAE6FD461548" box="[151,723,1333,1360]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC0FFA985DBFAE6FD461548" blockId="9.[151,723,1333,1396]" box="[151,723,1333,1360]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
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<heading id="D0D16B53FFC0FFA985DBFAE6FD461548" bold="true" box="[151,723,1333,1360]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B952002DFFC0FFA985DBFAE6FD461548" bold="true" box="[151,723,1333,1360]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
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<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFC0FFA985DBFAE6FDF41548" ID-CoL="67ZC9" authority="Edwards" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,609,1333,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setipennis" status="stat. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B952002DFFC0FFA985DBFAE6FE7F1548" bold="true" box="[151,490,1333,1360]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">Austrothaumalea setipennis</emphasis>
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Edwards
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A261BD56FFC0FFA98725FAE6FD461548" box="[617,723,1333,1359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFC0FFA985DBFA8AFD9F1574" box="[151,522,1369,1396]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC0FFA985DBFA8AFD9F1574" blockId="9.[151,723,1333,1396]" box="[151,522,1369,1396]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC0FFA985D3FA8AFF6C1574" box="[159,249,1369,1395]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1622,1646]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,669,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-267@4.[151,1436,669,1599]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adult habitus photographs of Austrothaumalea, lateral view. A, A. apicalis (♂); B, A. spatulata (♂); C, A. chilensis (♂); D, A. fredericki sp. nov. (♂); E, A. setipennis stat. rev. (♀). R2+3, second + third radial vein. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411066/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">Figs 3E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC0FFA98449FA8AFEBF1574" box="[261,298,1369,1395]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,197,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ventral views of male Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. fredericki sp.nov.; D, A. setipennis stat. rev.; E, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gcx, gonocoxite; gcxP, gonocoxal plate; gst, gonostylus; hypd, hypandrium; pm, paramere.Arrow denotes apical epandrial projection. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411068/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">4D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC0FFA98479FA8AFECF1573" box="[309,346,1369,1396]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,280,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-79@8.[151,1436,273,1870]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lateral views of male Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. fredericki sp. nov.; D, A. setipennis stat. rev.; E, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; epand, epandrium; gcx, gonocoxite; gcxP, gonocoxal plate; gst, gonostylus; hypd, hypandrium; pm, paramere. Arrow denotes apical epandrial projection. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411070" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411070/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">5D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC0FFA98429FA8AFE1D1574" box="[357,392,1369,1395]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[174,1435,208,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-30@10.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ventral views of female Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. setipennis stat. rev.; D, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gen fk, genital fork; hypct, hypoproct; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; lat arm, lateral arms; spthc, spermatheca.. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411072" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411072/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">6C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC0FFA984D8FA8AFE231574" box="[404,438,1369,1395]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-106@12.[151,1436,345,1825]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lateral views of female Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. setipennis stat. rev.; D, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gen fk, genital fork; hypct, hypoproct; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; lat arm, lateral arm; spthc p, spermathecal pump. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411074/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">7C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC0FFA9848FFA8AFE471574" box="[451,466,1369,1395]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1281,1305]" captionTargetBox="[275,1311,181,1258]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[275,1311,181,1258]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Known distribution of South American Austrothaumalea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411076" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411076/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">8</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC0FFA98493FA8AFD971574" box="[479,514,1369,1395]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,344,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-93@15.[151,1436,344,1578]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Examples of Austrothaumalea habitats in Chile. A, rock face seep where A. chilensis and A. setipennis stat. rev. were collected (38°13′20.3″S 71°44′41.1″W); B, collection site of A. fredericki sp.nov. (41°08.47′S 72°35.28′W); C, collection site of A. spatulata (34°59′48.8″S 70°48′37.0″W); D, northernmost collection site of A. spatulata in the Chilean Matorral, inset showing small trickle of water where specimen was collected (34°46′29.2″S 70°40′03.9″W)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411078/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">9A</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFC0FFA985DBFA4BFCD9162C" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC0FFA985DBFA4BFD1D15B6" blockId="9.[151,1436,1432,1579]" box="[151,648,1432,1457]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB36FB11FFC0FFA985DBFA4BFD1D15B6" box="[151,648,1432,1457]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A87FA2EFFC0FFA985DBFA4BFD1115B6" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[151,644,1432,1457]" page="113" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" year="1930">
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<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFC0FFA985DBFA4BFD1115B6" ID-CoL="67ZC9" authority="Edwards, 1930: 113" authorityName="Edwards" authorityPageNumber="113" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,644,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setipennis">
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<emphasis id="B952002DFFC0FFA985DBFA4BFE2515B7" box="[151,432,1432,1456]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">Austrothaumalea setipennis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7A1CEFFC0FFA984FBFA4BFD1115B6" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[439,644,1432,1457]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" refId="ref10132" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1930) Part II: Bibionidae, Scatopsidae, Cecidomyiidae, Culicidae, Thaumaleidae (Orphnephilidae), Anisopodidae (Rhyphidae). In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile based on material in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2. British Museum of Natural History, London, pp. 111 - 114." type="book" year="1930">Edwards, 1930: 113</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC0FFA985DBFA64FE9415E9" blockId="9.[151,1436,1432,1579]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
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Other references:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7A1CEFFC0FFA98402FA64FE7615C8" author="Stone, A." box="[334,483,1463,1487]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref10945" refString="Stone, A. (1966) 13. Family Thaumaleidae (Orphnephilidae). In: A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 2." type="book chapter" year="1966">Stone, 1966: 1</bibRefCitation>
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(catalogue);
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7A1CEFFC0FFA98725FA64FCBC15C8" author="Arnaud Jr., P. H." box="[617,809,1463,1487]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" pagination="283 - 285" refId="ref9820" refString="Arnaud Jr., P. H. (1977) Thaumaleidae. In: Hurlbert, S. H. (Ed.), Biota Acuatica de Sudamerica Austral. San Diego State University, San Diego, California, pp. 283 - 285." type="book chapter" year="1977">Arnaud, 1977: 284</bibRefCitation>
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(distribution);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7A1CEFFC0FFA9868FFA64FB2E15C8" author="Theischinger, G." box="[963,1211,1463,1487]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" pagination="291 - 317" refId="ref10993" refString="Theischinger, G. (1986) Australian Thaumaleidae (Insecta: Diptera). Records of the Australian Museum, 38, 291 - 317. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.38.1986.184" type="journal article" year="1986">Theischinger, 1986: 316</bibRefCitation>
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(phylogenetic discussion).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC0FFA985DBFA26FCE5160B" blockId="9.[151,1436,1432,1579]" box="[151,880,1524,1549]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB36FB11FFC0FFA985DBFA26FCE5160B" box="[151,880,1524,1549]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
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<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFC0FFA985DBFA26FE56160B" authority="(Edwards)" baseAuthorityName="Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[151,451,1524,1548]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Oterere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setipennis">
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||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC0FFA985DBFA26FEDA160B" box="[151,335,1525,1548]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">Oterere setipennis</emphasis>
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||
(Edwards)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A87FA2EFFC0FFA98481FA27FD37160B" author="McLellan, I. D." box="[461,674,1524,1549]" page="575" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" year="1988">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7A1CEFFC0FFA98481FA27FD37160B" author="McLellan, I. D." box="[461,674,1524,1549]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" pagination="563 - 575" refId="ref10300" refString="McLellan, I. D. (1988) A revision of New Zealand Thaumaleidae (Diptera: Nematocera) with descriptions of new species and a new genus. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 15, 563 - 575. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.1988.10422636" type="journal article" year="1988">McLellan, 1988: 575</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(new combination).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC0FFA985DBF9C0FCD9162C" blockId="9.[151,1436,1432,1579]" box="[151,844,1555,1579]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
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||
Other reference:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7A1CEFFC0FFA9840FF9C0FD91162C" author="Sinclair, B. J." box="[323,516,1555,1579]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref10816" refString="Sinclair, B. J. (2008 b) New species of Austrothaumalea Tonnoir from Australia (Diptera: Thaumaleidae). Records of the Austra- lian Museum, 60, 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.60.2008.1490" type="journal article" year="2008">Sinclair, 2008b: 11</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 12 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFC0FFA9877BF9C7FD39162C" ID-CoL="JYDS" authorityName="Theischinger" authorityYear="1986" box="[567,684,1556,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capricornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC0FFA9877BF9C7FD39162C" box="[567,684,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">capricornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFC0FFA985DBF987FD2F16F8" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC0FFA985DBF987FAEC16B1" blockId="9.[151,1437,1620,2042]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC0FFA985DBF987FE511669" bold="true" box="[151,452,1620,1646]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">Type material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4ED662FFC0FFA98481F987FAEC16B1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031308316" collectingDate="1926-11-29" collectionCode="TYPE, BMNH" collectorName="F. W. Edwards" country="Argentina" location="Rio Negro" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" specimenCode="NHMUK010210691" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Rio Negro" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC0FFA98481F987FDD11669" bold="true" box="[461,580,1620,1646]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D629DFFC0FFA98481F987FDAB1669" box="[461,574,1620,1646]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFC0FFA98701F986FDF11668" box="[589,612,1621,1647]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, minuten pinned with abdomen mounted in resin, labelled: “Bariloche./
|
||
<date id="FF98FAFFFFC0FFA985DBF9ABFE831695" box="[151,278,1656,1682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" value="1926-11-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC0317FFC0FFA985DBF9ABFE831695" box="[151,278,1656,1682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" value="1926-11-29">29.xi.1926</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.”; “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFC0FFA98475F9ABFE6E1695" authorityName="Tonnoir. Two" authorityYear="1927" box="[313,507,1656,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Austrothaumalea</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFC0FFA98745F9ABFDEC1695" authority="Edw." authorityName="Edw." box="[521,633,1656,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Oterere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setipennis">setipennis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Edw./
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFC0FFA98788F9AAFCCB1695" box="[708,862,1656,1683]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">F.W. Edwards</collectorName>
|
||
/ det. 1930.”; “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3319CAFFFC0FFA986B2F9ABFBE11695" box="[1022,1140,1656,1682]" name="Argentina" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
:/ Terr.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E212DDFFC0FFA981F2F9ABFAA31695" box="[1214,1334,1656,1682]" country="Argentina" name="Rio Negro" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">Rio Negro</collectingRegion>
|
||
./
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFC0FFA9800BF9AAFE9516B1" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">F. & M. Edwards.</collectorName>
|
||
/ B.M. 1927 – 63.”; “HOLO-/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFC0FFA98718F94EFD0F16B0" box="[596,666,1693,1719]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">TYPE</collectionCode>
|
||
[white label with red margin]”; “
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB807444FFC0FFA98141F94FFB6F16B1" box="[1037,1274,1692,1718]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" type="Museum">NHMUK010210691</specimenCode>
|
||
” (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFC0FFA9805FF94FFAF816B1" box="[1299,1389,1692,1718]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC0FFA9858BF913FD2F16F8" blockId="9.[151,1437,1620,2042]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC0FFA9858BF913FEC816DD" bold="true" box="[199,349,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">Recognition.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is recognized by the presence of macrotrichia on wing vein M
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC0FFA981D3F901FB3216E7" attach="left" box="[1183,1191,1746,1760]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">1</subScript>
|
||
(unique among South American species) and the rod-shaped paramere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFC0FFAB858BF8DBFDBF15C6" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="520" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC0FFA9858BF8DBFCC917FD" blockId="9.[151,1437,1620,2042]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC0FFA9858BF8DBFE2A1725" bold="true" box="[199,447,1800,1826]" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">Redescription. Male.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC0FFA98489F8DAFE461725" box="[453,467,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 4.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC0FFA98747F8DBFDCC1725" box="[523,601,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">Length</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE71DAFFC0FFA98713F8DBFD7C1724" box="[607,745,1800,1827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="518" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC0FFA987BFF8DBFCE91725" box="[755,892,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">Colouration</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC0FFA986C7F8DBFC741725" box="[907,993,1800,1826]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1622,1646]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,669,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-267@4.[151,1436,669,1599]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adult habitus photographs of Austrothaumalea, lateral view. A, A. apicalis (♂); B, A. spatulata (♂); C, A. chilensis (♂); D, A. fredericki sp. nov. (♂); E, A. setipennis stat. rev. (♀). R2+3, second + third radial vein. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411066/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="518">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head dull, brown; pronotum, postpronotum, postpronotal lobe and lateral margins of prescutum brown; prescutum and mesoscutum shiny, primarily yellow, with three yellowish-brown, longitudinal vittae ending in postscutal spot; pleura yellowish brown; two lateral brown spots above scutoscutellar suture; scutellum yellowish brown, sometimes with dark speckles; mediotergite shiny, mainly yellow, slightly darker anteriorly; katepisternum yellow; paratergite dark brown; remaining pteropleuron yellowish brown to brown; posterior basalare yellow; halter yellowish; legs yellow, tarsi darker; abdomen brown, hind margins of tergites whitish; terminalia pale brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF598CB7FFC3FFAA85DBF881FDD717B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411072" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411072" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411072/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="519" startId="10.[151,250,1874,1898]" targetBox="[174,1435,208,1839]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC3FFAA85DBF881FDD717B6" blockId="10.[151,1436,1874,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC3FFAA85DBF881FE86176D" bold="true" box="[151,275,1874,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral views of female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFC3FFAA875EF881FD55176D" authorityName="Tonnoir. Two" authorityYear="1927" box="[530,704,1874,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC3FFAA875EF881FD55176D" box="[530,704,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">Austrothaumalea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
terminalia.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC3FFAA8675F881FCC7176D" bold="true" box="[825,850,1874,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">A,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFC3FFAA8614F881FC50176D" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1930" box="[856,965,1874,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC3FFAA8614F881FC50176D" box="[856,965,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">A. apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC3FFAA869FF881FC7C176D" bold="true" box="[979,1001,1874,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">B,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFC3FFAA86BCF881FBF3176D" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1930" box="[1008,1126,1874,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC3FFAA86BCF881FBF3176D" box="[1008,1126,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">A. chilensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC3FFAA813FF881FB19176D" bold="true" box="[1139,1164,1874,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">C,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFC3FFAA81DEF881FA86176D" authorityName="Pivar & Sinclair & Moulton" authorityYear="2020" box="[1170,1299,1874,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Oterere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setipennis" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC3FFAA81DEF881FA86176D" box="[1170,1299,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">A. setipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC3FFAA8056F881FAE3176D" bold="true" box="[1306,1398,1874,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A261BD56FFC3FFAA8056F881FAE3176D" box="[1306,1398,1874,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC3FFAA80C8F881FA09176D" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1874,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">D,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFC3FFAA85DBF8A5FE871789" authorityName="Schmid. The" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,274,1910,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC3FFAA85DBF8A5FE871789" box="[151,274,1910,1934]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="519">A. spatulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gen fk, genital fork; hypct, hypoproct; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; lat arm, lateral arms; spthc, spermatheca.. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC2FFAB858BFF44FA9C10FE" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB858BFF44FE9110B6" box="[199,260,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Eyes above antennae broadly joined, slightly exposing frons above antennae. Flagellomeres 1–3 expanded, subquadrate; 1 as long as 2 and 3 combined; flagellomeres 4–10 thin, cylindrical, becoming progressively more elongate. Vertex clothed in golden setae of uniform length, with sparse long, black orbital setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC2FFAB858BFED0FEE81162" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB858BFED0FE8D111A" box="[199,280,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Pronotal setae longer than scutal setae. Scutum clothed dorsally in short, black setulae; notopleural, supra-alar and postsutural setae long, black. Pteropleuron bare. Fore- and mid legs with tarsi simple, hind leg with tarsomere 4 bilobed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC2FFAB858BFEBCFD99123A" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB858BFEBCFE94118F" box="[199,257,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
. Wing length:
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE71DAFFC2FFAB84FCFEBCFDA8118E" box="[432,573,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" unit="mm" value="3.05" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Lightly infuscate throughout, slightly darker where R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB81FEFE52FB591188" attach="left" box="[1202,1228,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">4+5</subScript>
|
||
meets apex; apex rounded; C and posterior wing margin with fringe of microtrichia; Sc incomplete; R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB8106FE76FBC711B4" attach="left" box="[1098,1106,421,435]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">1</subScript>
|
||
and R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB81D0FE76FB3111B4" attach="left" box="[1180,1188,421,435]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">1</subScript>
|
||
(+R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB819CFE76FB7C11B4" attach="left" box="[1232,1257,421,435]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">2+3</subScript>
|
||
) without weakenings or depigmented gaps; R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB874EFE1AFD9F11D0" attach="left" box="[514,522,457,471]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">1</subScript>
|
||
(+R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB877AFE1AFDDA11D0" attach="left" box="[566,591,457,471]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">2+3</subScript>
|
||
) and M
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB87FCFE1AFD2D11D0" attach="left" box="[688,696,457,471]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">1</subScript>
|
||
with uniseriate, dorsal row of microtrichia along entire length, remaining veins bare; R flexed into cell br; R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB87D1FE3EFD2311FC" attach="left" box="[669,694,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">2+3</subScript>
|
||
crossvein strong, situated toward apex of R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB81E0FE3EFB2111FC" attach="left" box="[1196,1204,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">1</subScript>
|
||
(+R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB81ACFE3EFB6C11FC" attach="left" box="[1248,1273,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">2+3</subScript>
|
||
); bend in R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB80CFFE3EFA0811FC" attach="left" box="[1411,1437,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">4+5</subScript>
|
||
well-defined; R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB840AFDC2FEF51218" attach="left" box="[326,352,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">4+5</subScript>
|
||
and M
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB84E2FDC2FE231218" attach="left" box="[430,438,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">1</subScript>
|
||
running parallel toward margin; M
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB860DFDC2FCDC1218" attach="left" box="[833,841,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">1</subScript>
|
||
and M
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB86D4FDC2FC351218" attach="left" box="[920,928,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">2</subScript>
|
||
straight; M
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFC2FFAB816EFDC2FBBF1218" attach="left" box="[1058,1066,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">4</subScript>
|
||
slightly sinuous; CuA with basal spur shorter than crossvein m-cu.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC2FFAB858BFD94FEF212CA" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB858BFD94FEA41266" box="[199,305,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal sternite 1 narrow, spectacle-shaped; sternite 2 with slender median sclerite and lightly sclerotized posterior trapezoid, few setae on posterior margin; sternites 3–7 rectangular, weakly sclerotized, setae restricted to posterior half; sternite 8 crescent-shaped, with a few setae, weakly sclerotized, arched slightly into preceding sternite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC2FFAB858BFD04FCD71416" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB858BFD04FED412F6" box="[199,321,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Terminalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC2FFAB841DFD04FE3A12F6" box="[337,431,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,197,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ventral views of male Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. fredericki sp.nov.; D, A. setipennis stat. rev.; E, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gcx, gonocoxite; gcxP, gonocoxal plate; gst, gonostylus; hypd, hypandrium; pm, paramere.Arrow denotes apical epandrial projection. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411068/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Figs 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC2FFAB84F7FD05FE7512F6" box="[443,480,726,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,280,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-79@8.[151,1436,273,1870]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lateral views of male Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. fredericki sp. nov.; D, A. setipennis stat. rev.; E, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; epand, epandrium; gcx, gonocoxite; gcxP, gonocoxal plate; gst, gonostylus; hypd, hypandrium; pm, paramere. Arrow denotes apical epandrial projection. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411070" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411070/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">5D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epandrium broadly elongate-oval from ventral aspect; apical third slightly tapered; posterior margin broad and rounded; lacking pointed posterolateral processes. Hypandrium broad in ventral view, nearly subequal to basal width of gonostylus; narrowest at midpoint, anterior margin not concave. Gonocoxite broadest basally, tapered at midlength toward apex, inner margin smooth. Gonostylus nearly same length as gonocoxite, anterior three-quarters curved inward; nearly same width throughout, gently tapered to distinct tooth at apex. Parameres distally fused, three-quarters length of epandrium, rod-shaped, broadest medially; slowly tapered toward apex, projected ventrally. Gonocoxal plate formed of two lateral, sclerotized arms terminating in pectinate, sawlike structure; short, about half-length of gonocoxite; plate broad basally; basally not fused to hypandrium. Cercus weakly sclerotized, situated along median line of epandrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC2FFAB858BFBC8FB111536" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB858BFBC8FEB01432" bold="true" box="[199,293,1051,1077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB8460FBC8FEAF1433" box="[300,314,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2. Similar to male except as follows:
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB87BEFBC8FCD51432" box="[754,832,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Length</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE71DAFFC2FFAB8602FBC9FC421432" box="[846,983,1050,1077]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" unit="mm" value="2.65" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB86ADFBC8FBDE1432" box="[993,1099,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Tergites 8–9 noticeably more sclerotized than preceding segments; only anterior margin of sternite 7 well-sclerotized.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB8135FBECFB66145E" box="[1145,1267,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Terminalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC2FFAB804EFBECFACB145E" box="[1282,1374,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[174,1435,208,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-30@10.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ventral views of female Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. setipennis stat. rev.; D, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gen fk, genital fork; hypct, hypoproct; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; lat arm, lateral arms; spthc, spermatheca.. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411072" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411072/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Figs 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC2FFAB8026FBECFA05145E" box="[1386,1424,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-106@12.[151,1436,345,1825]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lateral views of female Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. setipennis stat. rev.; D, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gen fk, genital fork; hypct, hypoproct; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; lat arm, lateral arm; spthc p, spermathecal pump. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411074/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">7C</figureCitation>
|
||
): Hypogynial valve not projected beyond tergite 9; posterior margin rounded with cleft in ventral view; densely setose. Tergite 9 rectangular in lateral view, wider than tergite 8, lacking lateral projections. Sternite 9 (genital fork) connected anteriorly, then divided into two thick arms ending before cleft of hypogynial valve; lateral arms extended beyond hypogynial valve, nearly meeting along midline, triangular in lateral view. Cercus rounded, projected slightly posteroventrally; bearing numerous setae. Three spermathecal ducts arising near cleft of hypogynial valve, only two terminating in irregularly rounded, weakly sclerotized spermathecal receptacles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC2FFAB858BFAE8FD821552" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1617]" box="[199,535,1338,1365]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB858BFAE8FE0F1553" bold="true" box="[199,410,1338,1365]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Immature Stages.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC2FFAB858BFA8DFDBF15C6" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB858BFA8DFDDA157F" bold="true" box="[199,591,1374,1400]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Additional Material Examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4ED662FFC2FFAB8712FA8CFC11159A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031308326" collectingDate="2016-12-15" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Region IX & J. K. Moulton" country="Chile" elevation="1047" latitude="-38.222305" location="Araucania" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-71.74474" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Araucania">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3319CAFFFC2FFAB8712FA8CFD20157E" box="[606,693,1375,1401]" name="Chile" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">CHILE</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFC2FFAB8784FA8CFCD3157E" box="[712,838,1375,1401]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Region IX</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E212DDFFC2FFAB8611FA8CFC4D157E" box="[861,984,1375,1401]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
|
||
): Rte. 71,
|
||
<date id="FF98FAFFFFC2FFAB812FFA8DFB66157E" box="[1123,1267,1374,1401]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" value="2016-12-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC0317FFC2FFAB812FFA8DFB66157E" box="[1123,1267,1374,1401]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" value="2016-12-15">15-XII-2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE12BAF8FFC2FFAB804BFAB3FA09157C" box="[1287,1436,1376,1403]" degrees="38" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" precision="1" seconds="20.3" value="-38.222305">38°13′20.3″S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE12BAF8FFC2FFAB85DBFA57FEA21598" box="[151,311,1412,1439]" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" precision="1" seconds="41.1" value="-71.74474">71°44′41.1″W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elev.
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE71DAFFC2FFAB8431FA50FE46159A" box="[381,467,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.047" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" unit="m" value="1047.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000B3B0CFFC2FFAB8431FA50FE46159A" box="[381,467,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.047" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" unit="m" value="1047.0">1047 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, seep,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFC2FFAB8751FA50FD24159A" box="[541,689,1411,1437]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">J.K. Moulton</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFC2FFAB8798FA50FD7E159A" box="[724,747,1411,1437]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFC2FFAB87A3FA50FCD4159A" box="[751,833,1411,1437]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">J. Pivar</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFC2FFAB861FFA50FCE6159A" box="[851,883,1411,1437]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4ED662FFC2FFAB86C7FA50FDB315C6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031308315" collectingDate="2016-12-15" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Region IX & J. K. Moulton" country="Chile" elevation="1047" latitude="-38.222305" location="Araucania" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-71.74474" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Araucania">
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFC2FFAB86C7FA50FB95159A" box="[907,1024,1411,1437]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Region XI</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E212DDFFC2FFAB8142FA50FBCF159A" box="[1038,1114,1411,1437]" country="Chile" name="Aysen" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Aysén</collectingRegion>
|
||
):
|
||
<location id="8EF98AE4FFC2FFAB8120FA50FACB159A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F6D29FFC0FFAB85DBFAE6FE001656:8EF98AE4FFC2FFAB8120FA50FACB159A" box="[1132,1374,1411,1437]" country="Chile" name="Coihaique-Aysen Rd." pageId="11" pageNumber="520" stateProvince="Aysen">Coihaique-Aysén Rd.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF98FAFFFFC2FFAB8025FA50FF4715C6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" value="1985-02-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC0317FFC2FFAB8025FA50FF4715C6" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" value="1985-02-06">6-II- 1985</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFC2FFAB8591FA74FEF815C6" box="[221,365,1447,1473]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">J.A. Downes</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFC2FFAB8431FA74FE3615C6" box="[381,419,1447,1473]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFC2FFAB84E2FA74FE4415C6" box="[430,465,1447,1473]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFC2FFAB8493FA74FD8815C6" box="[479,541,1447,1473]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">CNC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFC2FFAB858BFA19FDB8160E" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC2FFAB858BFA19FDB8160E" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB858BFA19FEF415E3" bold="true" box="[199,353,1482,1508]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known from the Andes of southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3319CAFFFC2FFAB87B8FA18FCA615E2" box="[756,819,1483,1509]" name="Chile" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
, this species holds the southern-most record of thaumaleids in South America (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC2FFAB84EAFA3CFE7B160E" box="[422,494,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1281,1305]" captionTargetBox="[275,1311,181,1258]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[275,1311,181,1258]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Known distribution of South American Austrothaumalea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411076" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411076/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFC2FFAB84B7FA3CFDB5160E" box="[507,544,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,344,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-93@15.[151,1436,344,1578]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Examples of Austrothaumalea habitats in Chile. A, rock face seep where A. chilensis and A. setipennis stat. rev. were collected (38°13′20.3″S 71°44′41.1″W); B, collection site of A. fredericki sp.nov. (41°08.47′S 72°35.28′W); C, collection site of A. spatulata (34°59′48.8″S 70°48′37.0″W); D, northernmost collection site of A. spatulata in the Chilean Matorral, inset showing small trickle of water where specimen was collected (34°46′29.2″S 70°40′03.9″W)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411078/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">9A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFC2FFAB858BF9C0FE001656" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFC2FFAB858BF9C0FE001656" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFC2FFAB858BF9C0FEAE162A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1555,1581]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D629DFFC2FFAB843AF9C0FE4D162A" box="[374,472,1555,1581]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
date label reads “
|
||
<date id="FF98FAFFFFC2FFAB87EFF9C0FCC9162A" box="[675,860,1555,1581]" pageId="11" pageNumber="520" value="1926-11-28" valueMax="1926-12-01" valueMin="1926-11-28">28.xi-1.xii.1926</date>
|
||
”, where ‘8’ has a 9 written over it in pencil, and ‘- 1.xii.’ is scratched out.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |