171 lines
28 KiB
XML
171 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="07B363B51BBC580FEE25AFB5F4B0F865" ID-DOI="10.5070/P940454153" ID-ISSN="0031-0298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913559" ID-ZooBank="58312615-0833-432E-BF5D-3DFFBF361AAA" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1712169471054" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Burrow, Carole Jan, Murphy, Michael & Turner, Susan" docDate="2023" docId="B21CD55BFFC7FFFA5AB28A0FFD4B2308" docLanguage="en" docName="PaleoBios.40.4.1-32.pdf" docOrigin="PaleoBios 40 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p940454153" docStyle="DocumentStyle:76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81.3:PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81" docStyleName="PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Barlowodus SP. CF. B. TRIDENS" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="4E25AD23FFDEFFE0596C8867FF9B270C" masterDocTitle="Late Silurian to earliest Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Birch Creek II section, Roberts Mountains, Nevada, U. S. A." masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1727476634305" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<mods:title id="D7A71B9DDBE8A745A3F625331790D23C">Late Silurian to earliest Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Birch Creek II section, Roberts Mountains, Nevada, U. S. A.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3AEA014B7370F011A71F7F0179D5622E">Burrow, Carole Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8A3F4B526B364F25FE25955335F3B5B7">Murphy, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="90E487E5643CA19FFC79D81B6E419A12">Turner, Susan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7DFCFF465092F8D75694CB47D4854C50">PaleoBios</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3B59CBD3EA32E3F6DEA1920B91583B33">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="B21CD55BFFC7FFFA5AB28A0FFD4B2308" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B21CD55BFFC7FFFA5AB28A0FFD4B2308" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B21CD55BFFC7FFFA5AB28A0FFD4B2308" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="72AF37C6FFC7FFF95AB28A0FFAE325A9" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3A0A644DFFC7FFF95AB28A0FFAE325A9" blockId="25.[952,1400,615,677]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="FDB51FCEFFC7FFF95AB28A0FFACA258E" authority="MÄRSS, WILSON AND THORSTEINSSON, 2002" box="[990,1361,615,642]" family="Barlowodidae" genus="Barlowodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thelodontiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC7FFF95AB28A0FFBE5258E" box="[990,1150,616,642]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">BARLOWODUS</emphasis>
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SP. CF.
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<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC7FFF95DBD8A0FFACA258E" box="[1233,1361,616,642]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">B. TRIDENS</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="A28E78C8FFC7FFF95AD38AECFB9E25A9" box="[959,1029,651,677]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="22.[112,191,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[112,1520,192,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-254@22.[112,1520,192,1638]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 7. Thelodont scales from the uppermost Silurian of the Birch Creek II section, all level 430.5' except B, C, G, K, L, P, Q. A. Trimerolepis sp. cf. T. tricava. UCR 10746-43 in crown view. B. Trimerolepis sp. AMF97876 (Parkes 1995, fig. 22.19, 20) from level 503’, base view. C.?Lanarkia sp. UCR 944-20 (level 527.25’) in lateral view. D.?Turinia sp. UCR10746-19, showing taphonomic effects and ultrasculpture, in crown view. E-J. Nikolivia spp. E. UCR 10746-13 with cell pattern on surface in crown view; F, UCR 10746-20 in crown view; G, AMF97875 (Parkes 1995, fig. 22.17, 18) from level 402' with possible bite marks, in crown view; H, UCR 10746-27 in ventral basal view; I, UCR 10746-25 showing taphonomic effects in crown view; J, Nikolivia sp. cf. N. auriculata, UCR 10746-18 in crown view. K, L. Apalolepis sp. AMF97872 (level 503’) (Parkes 2005, fig. 22.11, 12), crown and basal views. M-O. Talivalia sp. cf. T. elongata. M, UCR 10746-17 in crown view; N, UCR 10746-37 in crown view; O, UCR 10746-21 in lateral view. P-S. Barlowodus sp. cf. B. tridens. P,Q, AMF97874 (level 875’) in crown and basal views (Parkes 2005, fig. 22.15, 16). R, S, UCR 944-21 (level 527.25') in laterocrown view, closeup in S showing striated ultrasculpture. Scale bars=0.2 mm; anterior to left or top, otherwise arrow points to anterior. See Table 1 for meterage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913573/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">FIG. 7</figureCitation>
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P- S;
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<tableCitation id="773751F6FFC7FFF95D288AECFB3D25A9" box="[1092,1190,651,677]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="5.[112,179,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[120,1534,204,1847]" captionTargetId="graphics-72@5.[112,1519,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Table 1. Distribution of vertebrate and agnathan remains in the Birch Creek Section BCII, northern Roberts Mts. (Přidolí- Lochkovian; bold line indicates probable S/D boundary). Vertebrates are to the left above the upper horizontal line and agnathans are to the right. RP indicates Ross Parke samples. Number of elements: x 1-10, xx 11-50, xxx 51-100, xxxx>100." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6ECA34C5FFDBFFE5591C8F2AFA2520A9" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" tableUuid="6ECA34C5FFDBFFE5591C8F2AFA2520A9">TABLE 1</tableCitation>
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; SUPPL. 1,
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<figureCitation id="A28E78C8FFC7FFF95C458AECFAF525A9" box="[1321,1390,651,677]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="16.[112,191,1208,1232]" captionTargetBox="[112,1520,194,1196]" captionTargetId="figure-244@16.[112,1520,194,1196]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 4. Nostovicina and Nostolepis sp. acanthodian scales from the Siluro-Devonian boundary levels of the Birch Creek II section. A. Nostovicina sp. cf. N. elegans: UCR 10755-1 (level 470.2’) in crown view (from Supplement 1, fig. 13). B–D, J. Nostovicina laticristata: B. UCR 10768-10 (level 518.3') in crown view; C, D. UCR 10768-6 (level 518.3') in anterocrown and crown views; J. UCR 10768-11 (level 518.3') horizontal thin section through crown. E–I, K, L. Nostovicina sp. cf. N. guangxiensis; E. UCR 5443-1 (level 562.6') in anterocrown view; F, G. UCR 5443-3 (level 562.6') in crown and lateral views; H. UCR 5443-4 (level 562.6') in posterocrown view; I. UCR 5443-6 (level 562.6') in crown view; K, L. UCR 5443-7 (level 562.6') vertical transverse section, magnified view of crown structure in L. M–P. Nostovicina sp. cf. N. lacrima: M. UCR 5439-8 in lateral view; N. UCR 5439-6 in posterior view; O. UCR 5439-4 (level 549') in lateral view; P. UCR 10768-1 (level 518.3') in anterior view. Q–T. Nostolepis matukhini: Q, R. UCR 5443-2 (level 562.6') in crown and laterocrown views; S, T. UCR 5443-5 (level 562.6') in crown and anterocrown views. Abbreviations: cgz=crown growth zones; h=hyphal borings; Sf=Sharpey’s fiber bundles. Scale bars=0.1 mm, anterior of scale is to right or up, otherwise arrows point to anterior. See Table 1 for meterage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913567/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">FIG. 4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="72AF37C6FFC7FFFA5A0C8AB6FD1327D7" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3A0A644DFFC7FFF95A0C8AB6FA6B2458" blockId="25.[832,1521,721,1874]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC7FFF95A0C8AB6FBE225E7" bold="true" box="[864,1145,721,747]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Referred specimens</emphasis>
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—one scale from BC II level 430.5’ (
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<quantity id="FD4DC9A8FFC7FFF95AF08A93FB922403" box="[924,1033,756,783]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3119999999999998" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="131.2">131.2 m</quantity>
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); one from level 527.25’ (
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<quantity id="FD4DC9A8FFC7FFF95C2D8A93FA362403" box="[1345,1453,756,783]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.607" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="160.7">160.7 m</quantity>
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); one scale AMF 97874 from BC II level 875’ (
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<quantity id="FD4DC9A8FFC7FFF95C578B70FA31243E" box="[1339,1450,791,818]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="266.7">266.7 m</quantity>
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); this last specimen is missing: Roberts Mountains Formation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A0A644DFFC7FFFA5A0C8B3AFD1327D7" blockId="25.[832,1521,721,1874]" lastBlockId="26.[112,801,193,1029]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC7FFF95A0C8B3AFB71247B" bold="true" box="[864,1258,861,888]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Description and comparison</emphasis>
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—A scale figured by
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<bibRefCitation id="5E2419BCFFC7FFF95A2C8BE6FC7E2490" author="Parkes, R." box="[832,997,897,924]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" refId="ref25224" refString="Parkes, R. 1995. Late Silurian - Early Devonian vertebrate microremains from Nevada and southeastern Australia: biochronology, biogeography and application of novel histological techniques. Unpublished B. Sc. (Hons) thesis, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW." type="book" year="1995">Parkes (1995</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 22.15, 16, captioned as?nikoliviid gen. et sp. indet.;
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<figureCitation id="A28E78C8FFC7FFF95A8D8BC3FBCD24B2" box="[993,1110,932,959]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="22.[112,191,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[112,1520,192,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-254@22.[112,1520,192,1638]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 7. Thelodont scales from the uppermost Silurian of the Birch Creek II section, all level 430.5' except B, C, G, K, L, P, Q. A. Trimerolepis sp. cf. T. tricava. UCR 10746-43 in crown view. B. Trimerolepis sp. AMF97876 (Parkes 1995, fig. 22.19, 20) from level 503’, base view. C.?Lanarkia sp. UCR 944-20 (level 527.25’) in lateral view. D.?Turinia sp. UCR10746-19, showing taphonomic effects and ultrasculpture, in crown view. E-J. Nikolivia spp. E. UCR 10746-13 with cell pattern on surface in crown view; F, UCR 10746-20 in crown view; G, AMF97875 (Parkes 1995, fig. 22.17, 18) from level 402' with possible bite marks, in crown view; H, UCR 10746-27 in ventral basal view; I, UCR 10746-25 showing taphonomic effects in crown view; J, Nikolivia sp. cf. N. auriculata, UCR 10746-18 in crown view. K, L. Apalolepis sp. AMF97872 (level 503’) (Parkes 2005, fig. 22.11, 12), crown and basal views. M-O. Talivalia sp. cf. T. elongata. M, UCR 10746-17 in crown view; N, UCR 10746-37 in crown view; O, UCR 10746-21 in lateral view. P-S. Barlowodus sp. cf. B. tridens. P,Q, AMF97874 (level 875’) in crown and basal views (Parkes 2005, fig. 22.15, 16). R, S, UCR 944-21 (level 527.25') in laterocrown view, closeup in S showing striated ultrasculpture. Scale bars=0.2 mm; anterior to left or top, otherwise arrow points to anterior. See Table 1 for meterage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913573/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Fig. 7P, Q</figureCitation>
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) is c.
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<quantity id="FD4DC9A8FFC7FFF95DF08BC3FB6024B3" box="[1180,1275,932,959]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
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long with a broken posterior crown, which rises quite steeply posteriad. The dorsal crown is elongated and subdivided into three with a raised central section with two high flat-topped ridges with a deep central groove anteriorly that flattens posteriad. Laterally there are expanding lappets,one anteriorly seen to the left, also with a bifurcate dorsal ridge that extends about one-third of the crown, and on the left a series of two broken and one complete ridge that extends about two-thirds of crown length. The posterior points of the lappets tend to be rounded but are also broken. A flattened lateral ridge then extends from the base of the lappets towards the broken posterior tip. The ventral crown is covered with an ultrasculpture of fine parallel striae extending from the anterior crown/neck interface to the posterior tips of the lateral lappets and posterior section of the broken crown. The neck itself is relatively shallow and unornamented. The base is oval, extending about one-quarter of the estimated length of the scale. It is relatively mature with a thick torus surrounding the large central oval pulp opening and with a slight anterior thickening. One small, rounded scale has a strong tripartite crown with deep grooves between the high flat ridges. It is most like the simpler cephalopectoral or trunk of
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<taxonomicName id="FDB51FCEFFC7FFF95A2C8E88FC2E2007" box="[832,949,1775,1803]" family="Barlowodidae" genus="Barlowodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tridens">
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<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC7FFF95A2C8E88FC2E2007" box="[832,949,1775,1803]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">B. tridens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation id="5E2419BCFFC7FFF95D6C8E96FB422007" author="Marss, T. & M. V. H. Wilson & R. Thorsteinsson" box="[1024,1241,1777,1803]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref24635" refString="Marss, T., M. V. H. Wilson, and R. Thorsteinsson. 2006. Silurian and Lower Devonian thelodonts and putative chondrichthyans from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Special Papers in Palaeontology 75: 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="2006">Märss et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
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, text-fig. 65) from the Přidolí Barlow Inlet Formation of Cornwallis Island. The scale from level 527.25’ is tricuspid with clear striated ridges on the sides of the cusps (
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<figureCitation id="A28E78C8FFC4FFFA5B6888A6FDE227D7" box="[516,633,193,219]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="22.[112,191,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[112,1520,192,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-254@22.[112,1520,192,1638]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 7. Thelodont scales from the uppermost Silurian of the Birch Creek II section, all level 430.5' except B, C, G, K, L, P, Q. A. Trimerolepis sp. cf. T. tricava. UCR 10746-43 in crown view. B. Trimerolepis sp. AMF97876 (Parkes 1995, fig. 22.19, 20) from level 503’, base view. C.?Lanarkia sp. UCR 944-20 (level 527.25’) in lateral view. D.?Turinia sp. UCR10746-19, showing taphonomic effects and ultrasculpture, in crown view. E-J. Nikolivia spp. E. UCR 10746-13 with cell pattern on surface in crown view; F, UCR 10746-20 in crown view; G, AMF97875 (Parkes 1995, fig. 22.17, 18) from level 402' with possible bite marks, in crown view; H, UCR 10746-27 in ventral basal view; I, UCR 10746-25 showing taphonomic effects in crown view; J, Nikolivia sp. cf. N. auriculata, UCR 10746-18 in crown view. K, L. Apalolepis sp. AMF97872 (level 503’) (Parkes 2005, fig. 22.11, 12), crown and basal views. M-O. Talivalia sp. cf. T. elongata. M, UCR 10746-17 in crown view; N, UCR 10746-37 in crown view; O, UCR 10746-21 in lateral view. P-S. Barlowodus sp. cf. B. tridens. P,Q, AMF97874 (level 875’) in crown and basal views (Parkes 2005, fig. 22.15, 16). R, S, UCR 944-21 (level 527.25') in laterocrown view, closeup in S showing striated ultrasculpture. Scale bars=0.2 mm; anterior to left or top, otherwise arrow points to anterior. See Table 1 for meterage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913573/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Fig. 7R, S</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="72AF37C6FFC4FFFA59FC8883FD4B2308" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="3A0A644DFFC4FFFA59FC8883FE0E25A9" blockId="26.[112,801,193,1029]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC4FFFA59FC8883FE9327F2" bold="true" box="[144,264,228,254]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Remarks</emphasis>
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—
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<bibRefCitation id="5E2419BCFFC4FFFA58448882FD9227F2" author="Marss, T. & M. V. H. Wilson & R. Thorsteinsson" box="[296,521,228,255]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" pagination="88 - 120" refId="ref24577" refString="Marss, T., M. V. H. Wilson, and R. Thorsteinsson. 2002. New thelodont (Agnatha) and possible chondrichthyan (Gnathostomata) taxa established in the Silurian and Lower Devonian of Arctic Canada. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, Geology 51: 88 - 120." type="journal article" year="2002">Märss et al. (2002</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E2419BCFFC4FFFA5B798883FDCD27F2" author="Marss, T. & M. V. H. Wilson & R. Thorsteinsson" box="[533,598,228,254]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref24635" refString="Marss, T., M. V. H. Wilson, and R. Thorsteinsson. 2006. Silurian and Lower Devonian thelodonts and putative chondrichthyans from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Special Papers in Palaeontology 75: 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) discovered the thelodont genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB51FCEFFC4FFFA58228961FE78262E" box="[334,483,262,290]" family="Barlowodidae" genus="Barlowodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC4FFFA58228961FE78262E" box="[334,483,262,290]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Barlowodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the southern section eastern Cornwallis Island at Read Bay (RBBI and RBBI*), which became the stratotype for the Přidolí Barlow Inlet Formation that is formed from argillaceous carbonate marine rocks. At 59.0 m from only one sample,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E2419BCFFC4FFFA5BDB89F2FF7526DE" author="Marss, T. & M. V. H. Wilson & R. Thorsteinsson" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" pagination="88 - 120" refId="ref24577" refString="Marss, T., M. V. H. Wilson, and R. Thorsteinsson. 2002. New thelodont (Agnatha) and possible chondrichthyan (Gnathostomata) taxa established in the Silurian and Lower Devonian of Arctic Canada. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, Geology 51: 88 - 120." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Märss
|
||
<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC4FFFA5A6489F4FF1626DE" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2002)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified three taxa,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB51FCEFFC4FFFA5B6589D1FD6126DE" box="[521,762,438,466]" family="Barlowodidae" genus="Barlowodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tridens">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC4FFFA5B6589D1FD6126DE" box="[521,762,438,466]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Barlowodus tridens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB51FCEFFC4FFFA5A6589D1FF4926F9" family="Barlowodidae" genus="Barlowodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="excelsus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC4FFFA5A6589D1FF4926F9" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">B. excelsus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB51FCEFFC4FFFA587689BCFE0B26F8" box="[282,400,474,500]" family="Barlowodidae" genus="Barlowodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="floralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC4FFFA587689BCFE0B26F8" box="[282,400,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">B. floralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the latter doubtfully.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB51FCEFFC4FFFA5BDC89BEFF6C2514" family="Barlowodidae" genus="Barlowodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tridens">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC4FFFA5BDC89BEFF6C2514" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Barlowodus tridens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13F20524FFC4FFFA59928999FE042514" box="[254,415,510,536]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is only known elsewhere from Cornwallis Island. However, scales possibly from this, as well as the other two species of this genus, were recorded from the late Přidolí Barlow Inlet Formation by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E2419BCFFC4FFFA5BDB8A0FFF4425A8" author="Marss, T. & M. V. H. Wilson & R. Thorsteinsson" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref24635" refString="Marss, T., M. V. H. Wilson, and R. Thorsteinsson. 2006. Silurian and Lower Devonian thelodonts and putative chondrichthyans from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Special Papers in Palaeontology 75: 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="2006">Märss et al. (2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pp. 124-126).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0A644DFFC4FFFA59FC8AC9FD4B2308" blockId="26.[112,801,193,1029]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
|
||
The fine microornament on the scale figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E2419BCFFC4FFFA5BA18AC9FF2725E0" author="Parkes, R." pageId="26" pageNumber="25" refId="ref25224" refString="Parkes, R. 1995. Late Silurian - Early Devonian vertebrate microremains from Nevada and southeastern Australia: biochronology, biogeography and application of novel histological techniques. Unpublished B. Sc. (Hons) thesis, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW." type="book" year="1995">Parkes (1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 22.15,16;
|
||
<figureCitation id="A28E78C8FFC4FFFA58038AB6FE7B25E7" box="[367,480,721,747]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="22.[112,191,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[112,1520,192,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-254@22.[112,1520,192,1638]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 7. Thelodont scales from the uppermost Silurian of the Birch Creek II section, all level 430.5' except B, C, G, K, L, P, Q. A. Trimerolepis sp. cf. T. tricava. UCR 10746-43 in crown view. B. Trimerolepis sp. AMF97876 (Parkes 1995, fig. 22.19, 20) from level 503’, base view. C.?Lanarkia sp. UCR 944-20 (level 527.25’) in lateral view. D.?Turinia sp. UCR10746-19, showing taphonomic effects and ultrasculpture, in crown view. E-J. Nikolivia spp. E. UCR 10746-13 with cell pattern on surface in crown view; F, UCR 10746-20 in crown view; G, AMF97875 (Parkes 1995, fig. 22.17, 18) from level 402' with possible bite marks, in crown view; H, UCR 10746-27 in ventral basal view; I, UCR 10746-25 showing taphonomic effects in crown view; J, Nikolivia sp. cf. N. auriculata, UCR 10746-18 in crown view. K, L. Apalolepis sp. AMF97872 (level 503’) (Parkes 2005, fig. 22.11, 12), crown and basal views. M-O. Talivalia sp. cf. T. elongata. M, UCR 10746-17 in crown view; N, UCR 10746-37 in crown view; O, UCR 10746-21 in lateral view. P-S. Barlowodus sp. cf. B. tridens. P,Q, AMF97874 (level 875’) in crown and basal views (Parkes 2005, fig. 22.15, 16). R, S, UCR 944-21 (level 527.25') in laterocrown view, closeup in S showing striated ultrasculpture. Scale bars=0.2 mm; anterior to left or top, otherwise arrow points to anterior. See Table 1 for meterage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913573/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Fig. 7P, Q</figureCitation>
|
||
) is similar to that in other Devonian taxa such as
|
||
<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC4FFFA58FC8A94FD8E2403" box="[400,533,755,783]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Neoturinia</emphasis>
|
||
spp.,
|
||
<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC4FFFA5B328A93FF35243E" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB51FCEFFC4FFFA5B328A93FD742402" box="[606,751,756,782]" family="Barlowodidae" genus="Barlowodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Barlowodus</taxonomicName>
|
||
florialis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and even
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB51FCEFFC4FFFA585D8B71FDE6243E" authorityName="Märss" authorityYear="1999" box="[305,637,790,818]" genus="Boothialepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thorsteinssoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC4FFFA585D8B71FDE6243E" box="[305,637,790,818]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Boothialepis thorsteinssoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E2419BCFFC4FFFA5BFC8B7FFF2A2458" author="Marss, T. & M. V. H. Wilson & R. Thorsteinsson" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref24635" refString="Marss, T., M. V. H. Wilson, and R. Thorsteinsson. 2006. Silurian and Lower Devonian thelodonts and putative chondrichthyans from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Special Papers in Palaeontology 75: 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="2006">Märss et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 16). Such fine ridging on the scales might have contributed to drag reduction (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E2419BCFFC4FFFA5B418B39FD3C2474" author="Reif, W." box="[557,679,861,888]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 255" refId="ref25433" refString="Reif, W. 1985. Squamation and ecology of sharks. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 78: 1 - 255." type="journal article" year="1985">Reif 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is unusual in the Nevadan case being on the ventral surface of the crown; we tentatively refer it to
|
||
<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC4FFFA5B3B8BC4FDF324B3" box="[599,616,931,959]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">B</emphasis>
|
||
. sp.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB51FCEFFC4FFFA5BCD8BC3FC8124B3" box="[673,794,931,959]" family="Barlowodidae" genus="Barlowodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tridens">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="08C1B85FFFC4FFFA5BA88BC4FC8124B3" box="[708,794,931,959]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">tridens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, it is at a level much higher than the other thelodont scales, in the lower to middle Lochkovian.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |