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<document id="53C227C25F9D514592295E1A79FAD36A" ID-CLB-Dataset="54367" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.607.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4639b3f3-1438-40b1-af59-4b39b7f3b7f1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8248846" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1692092424996" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Aguirre-Santoro, Julián, Hernández-A, Érika, Hernández-Rodríguez, David E. &amp; Betancur, Julio" docDate="2023" docId="612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.607.5.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 607 (5)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.607.5.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Tillandsia chingacensis Aguirre-Santoro, E. Hern-A. &amp; Betancur, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="269" masterDocId="9D12FFC45C44FFDDFFB24059FFC9FF80" masterDocTitle="A new species of Tillandsia (Tillandsioidae, Bromeliaceae) from the high Andean forests near Bogotá (Colombia)" masterLastPageNumber="272" masterPageNumber="262" pageNumber="264" updateTime="1699557600931" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="3F4836AE3D7D88B54AB4694D1C914AE4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="83BB679AD3452588917CF81CC2C6B66B">A new species of Tillandsia (Tillandsioidae, Bromeliaceae) from the high Andean forests near Bogotá (Colombia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="14D924610FA2467B66F9B0C1B212C2D7">Aguirre-Santoro, Julián</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E0BC39F879C10030A9E443357332A434" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8640-4932</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DA367EE7D99D82AC4978DFA2E26D50A2">Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá &amp; jaaguirresa @ unal. edu. co; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8640 - 4932</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9381A2A797DFEB98ECBB79A88FB87758" type="email">jaaguirresa@unal.edu.co</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FB3DA62A28DA124E620970D82ABA7827">Hernández-A, Érika</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="333825E07ED21BF883BED2229C0907B0">Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá &amp; Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="178861537B5A458D7D4E1E4393C8C55E">
<mods:roleTerm id="D20FDC40609DE3ECD89B44BB9CFF7605">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="42F12F914042C57A32D7801421C70B6B">Hernández-Rodríguez, David E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D903763E6F816A7C07D98EF9CB31C0D4" type="ORCID">0009-0005-5642-4085</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="BD181358EEEFD04FC29C6F2A0FA1AB49">Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá &amp; dehernandezr @ unal. edu. co; https: // orcid. org / 0009 - 0005 - 5642 - 4085</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="58673D0EA31E3A384AEDE6424D25A7E3" type="email">dehernandezr@unal.edu.co</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1C953FE5841350D224F783B5724C6B9B">Betancur, Julio</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6693AB630D15E5D52E9AFA6219EEB16C" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5804-4677</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="72F00E31B9B5DF4C9DAFC8966C8220B8">Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá &amp; jcbetancurb @ unal. edu. co; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5804 - 4677</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5DA2195AFDD1F2286E605F05757F186E" type="email">jcbetancurb@unal.edu.co</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="05991DCC618A71C58EE62E689C44A26E">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="30A09F73DB4298BD37C046A161D08854">
<mods:date id="8A7B426007608EF40B1FB9FA807E042F">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="18A1244B063250E782FDA02882940BAB">2023-08-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B01C684DB35E2D14100EFAB106566B26">607</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1CFE98BEF7749C0AC0A6FCD86CE6E015">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1A21CA3509546C6560708CFFB7C40F6E" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.607.5.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8252545" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212429997" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8252545" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="269" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">
<subSubSection id="A19865215C46FFDFFF3A40ADFC1AFE8E" box="[136,979,244,271]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="B27581C65C46FFDFFF3A40ADFC1AFE8E" box="[136,979,244,271]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C46FFDFFF3A40ADFCBBFE8F" authority="Aguirre-Santoro, E. Hern-A. &amp; Betancur" authorityName="Aguirre-Santoro, E. Hern-A. &amp; Betancur" box="[136,882,244,271]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFF3A40ADFE51FE8F" bold="true" box="[136,408,244,271]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Tillandsia chingacensis</emphasis>
Aguirre-Santoro, E. Hern-A., &amp; Betancur
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFCCF40ADFC1AFE8E" bold="true" box="[893,979,244,270]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0C557C35C46FFDFFCCF40ADFC1AFE8E" box="[893,979,244,270]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A19865215C46FFDFFF3A4119FCC1FE41" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C46FFDFFF3A4119FCC1FE41" blockId="2.[136,1452,320,630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">
<materialsCitation id="59EA3CF75C46FFDFFF3A4119FE2EFE41" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4174512303" collectingDate="2018-03-19" collectionCode="COL" collectorName="Julian Aguirre-Santoro &amp; Erika Hernandez-Aldana &amp; Paola Pulido &amp; Lisa Anzellini &amp; Ariel Parrales &amp; Victor Pena &amp; Damian Leon" country="Colombia" elevation="2220" latitude="4.4790835" location="Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.6435" municipality="San Juanito" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Meta" typeStatus="holotype">
Type:
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFF0E4119FF1EFED5" bold="true" box="[188,215,320,341]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="9195763A5C46FFDFFF6A4119FE92FED5" box="[216,347,320,341]" name="Colombia" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="2B46F8485C46FFDFFED44119FE52FED5" box="[358,411,320,341]" country="Colombia" name="Meta" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Meta</collectingRegion>
: municipio
<collectingMunicipality id="0959ACD05C46FFDFFDA24119FD4CFED6" box="[528,645,320,342]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">San Juanito</collectingMunicipality>
, área de amortiguación del
<location id="EC5D60715C46FFDFFC2B4119FB38FED6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C:EC5D60715C46FFDFFC2B4119FB38FED6" box="[921,1265,320,342]" country="Colombia" county="Type" latitude="4.4790835" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.6435" municipality="San Juanito" name="Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" stateProvince="Meta">Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza</location>
, vereda
<location id="EC5D60715C46FFDFFAF44119FA61FED6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C:EC5D60715C46FFDFFAF44119FA61FED6" box="[1350,1448,320,342]" country="Colombia" county="Type" latitude="4.4790835" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.6435" municipality="San Juanito" name="El Tablon" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" stateProvince="Meta">El Tablón</location>
, sendero desde la
<location id="EC5D60715C46FFDFFEEE413DFDD0FEFA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C:EC5D60715C46FFDFFEEE413DFDD0FEFA" box="[348,537,356,378]" country="Colombia" county="Type" latitude="4.4790835" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.6435" municipality="San Juanito" name="finca Campo Alegre" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" stateProvince="Meta">finca Campo Alegre</location>
hacia la
<location id="EC5D60715C46FFDFFDDB413DFD10FEFA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C:EC5D60715C46FFDFFDDB413DFD10FEFA" box="[617,729,356,378]" country="Colombia" county="Type" latitude="4.4790835" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.6435" municipality="San Juanito" name="finca Brasil" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" stateProvince="Meta">finca Brasil</location>
, áreas de bosque alto andino y potrero,
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<elevation id="62AFD1995C46FFDFFBF6413DFB44FEF9" box="[1092,1165,356,377]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2199999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="m" value="2220.0">2220 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
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,
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,
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<collectingDate id="8D78E9825C46FFDFFF0F41D1FE98FE1D" box="[189,337,392,414]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" value="2018-03-19">19 March 2018</collectingDate>
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,
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFEE841D1FE88FE41" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">
<collectorName id="4477537C5C46FFDFFEE841D1FDF1FE1D" box="[346,568,392,413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Julián Aguirre-Santoro</collectorName>
3592,
<collectorName id="4477537C5C46FFDFFDCA41D1FCA2FE1D" box="[632,875,392,413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Erika Hernández-Aldana</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="4477537C5C46FFDFFCC641D1FC3CFE1D" box="[884,1013,392,413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Paola Pulido</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="4477537C5C46FFDFFC4C41D1FB4DFE1D" box="[1022,1156,392,413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Lisa Anzellini</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="4477537C5C46FFDFFB3E41D1FAD1FE1D" box="[1164,1304,392,413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Ariel Parrales</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="4477537C5C46FFDFFA9341D1FA5AFE1D" box="[1313,1427,392,413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Víctor Peña</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="4477537C5C46FFDFFF0F41F5FE88FE41" box="[189,321,428,449]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Damián León</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="363988085C46FFDFFEFF41F5FE6AFE42" box="[333,419,428,450]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="8F93AE6F5C46FFDFFE1B41F5FE29FE41" box="[425,480,428,449]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15629" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15629" name="Universidad Nacional de Colombia" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" type="Herbarium">COL</collectionCode>
!,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="59EA3CF75C46FFDFFE5F41F5FCCDFE41" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4174512302" box="[493,772,428,450]" collectingDate="2018-03-19" collectionCode="FMB" collectorName="Julian Aguirre-Santoro &amp; Erika Hernandez-Aldana &amp; Paola Pulido &amp; Lisa Anzellini &amp; Ariel Parrales &amp; Victor Pena &amp; Damian Leon" country="Colombia" elevation="2220" latitude="4.4790835" location="Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.6435" municipality="San Juanito" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Meta" typeStatus="isotype">
<typeStatus id="363988085C46FFDFFE5F41F5FDFBFE42" box="[493,562,428,450]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="8F93AE6F5C46FFDFFD8A41F5FDBAFE41" box="[568,627,428,449]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13314" name="Instituto Alexander von Humboldt" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" type="Herbarium">FMB</collectionCode>
!). (
<figureCitation id="71B92A2F5C46FFDFFD3F41F5FD03FE41" box="[653,714,428,450]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1867,1889]" captionTargetBox="[180,1431,202,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-27@3.[151,1436,190,1843]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Tillandsia chingacensis. A. General habit of the plant. B. Leaf blade. C. Sterile bract, floral bract, and emerging fruit. D. Flowering raceme. E. Sepals. F. Dissected corolla showing petals, petal appendages, androecium and gynoecium. G. Fruiting raceme. H. Seed showing the chalazal appendage in the lower part and the micropylar appendage in the upper part. I. Detail of the basal-most part of the micropylar appendage of the seed. J. Detail of a seed bristle. Illustration by Marcela Morales." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8248850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8248850/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="71B92A2F5C46FFDFFD6441F5FD2DFE41" box="[726,740,428,449]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[170,1426,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-18@4.[162,1426,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Tillandsia chingacensis. A. Habit. B. Center of the rosette. C. Fertile part of the inflorescence. D. Part of the Peduncle. E. Branch of the inflorescence. F. Detail of the floral bracts and flowers (Photos David E. Hernández-Rodríguez and Érika Hernández- Aldana)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8248852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8248852/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="71B92A2F5C46FFDFFD5C41F5FD32FE41" box="[750,763,428,449]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1463,1485]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,191,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-27@5.[340,1247,190,1439]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Artistic illustration of Tillandsia chingacensis showing the habit and colors of the living plant. Illustrated in the type locality by Lisa Anzellini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8248854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8248854/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">3</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A19865215C46FFDFFF3A4189FE9BFDF6" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C46FFDFFF3A4189FE9BFDF6" blockId="2.[136,1452,320,630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C46FFDFFF3A4189FEA3FE65" box="[136,362,464,485]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFF3A4189FEA3FE65" box="[136,362,464,485]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Tillandsia chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C46FFDFFE5B4189FD95FE65" authorityName="Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[489,604,464,485]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigera">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFE5B4189FD95FE65" box="[489,604,464,485]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">T. clavigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C46FFDFFD3E4189FCDAFE65" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Gilmartin" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[652,787,464,485]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nervisepala">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFD3E4189FCDAFE65" box="[652,787,464,485]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">T. nervisepala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs from them by its long-triangular leaf blades (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFA854189FA9BFE65" box="[1335,1362,464,485]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">vs.</emphasis>
lingulate to sublingulate), inflorescence, bracts, and sepals abundantly covered with a resinous substance (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFBD841ADFB4CFD89" box="[1130,1157,500,521]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">vs.</emphasis>
without this substance), floral bracts longer (
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFEFE4241FE60FDAD" box="[332,425,536,558]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="4.6" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="4.0">4–5.2 cm</quantity>
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFE004241FE04FDAD" box="[434,461,536,557]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFE674241FD8BFDAD" box="[469,578,536,558]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="3.1" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.7">2.7–3.5 cm</quantity>
long) and strongly nerved (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFCE94241FCBFFDAD" box="[859,886,536,557]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">vs.</emphasis>
smooth), sepals all alike and ecarinate (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFABB4241FAEDFDAD" box="[1289,1316,536,557]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">vs.</emphasis>
abaxial sepal carinate) and longer (
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFE384265FDDEFDD1" box="[394,535,572,594]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.885" metricValueMax="5.36" metricValueMin="4.41" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="48.85" valueMax="53.6" valueMin="44.1">44.1–53.6 mm</quantity>
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFDAF4265FDF8FDD1" box="[541,561,572,593]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">vs</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFD8C4265FD6CFDD1" box="[574,677,572,593]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 mm</quantity>
long), petal appendages present (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFC5A4265FBCAFDD1" box="[1000,1027,572,593]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">vs.</emphasis>
absent), and longer capsules (
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFA964265FA42FDD1" box="[1316,1419,572,593]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="8.7" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.4">7.4–10 cm</quantity>
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFA234265FA65FDD1" box="[1425,1452,572,593]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">vs.</emphasis>
&lt;
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFF634239FEDBFDF5" box="[209,274,608,630]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="5.5">5.5 cm</quantity>
long).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A19865215C46FFDFFF3A42FDFAB0F806" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" type="description">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C46FFDFFF3A42FDFAB0F806" blockId="2.[136,1452,676,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFF3A42FDFF01FD3E" bold="true" box="[136,200,676,702]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Plant</emphasis>
epiphytic, solitary, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, flowering
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFC2742FDFBEDFD3F" box="[917,1060,676,703]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="180.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="160.0">160–200 cm</quantity>
tall; rosette broad, tank-forming.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFF3A4291FF13FD62" bold="true" box="[136,218,712,738]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Leaves</emphasis>
(47–)54–57(–61) cm long, coriaceous;
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFD2A4291FD28FD62" box="[664,737,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">sheath</emphasis>
conspicuously differentiated from the blade, elliptic, 14.8–20.8 ×
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFF2D42B5FEF5FC87" box="[159,316,748,775]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3199999999999998" metricValueMin="1.08" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="12.0" valueMax="13.2" valueMin="10.8">10.8–13.2 cm</quantity>
, white to light-brown at basal two-thirds, then dark castaneous to vinaceous distally;
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFB4E42B5FAF3FC86" box="[1276,1338,748,774]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">blade</emphasis>
divergent to divaricate, narrowly triangular,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFDBA4349FDB1FCAB" box="[520,632,784,811]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="37.0" valueMax="41.0" valueMin="33.0">33–41 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFD724349FCF4FCAB" box="[704,829,784,811]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.55" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="6.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="7.55" valueMax="8.8" valueMin="6.3">6.3–8.8 cm</quantity>
wide at the base,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFBBA4349FB4CFCAB" box="[1032,1157,784,811]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="6.15" valueMax="6.8" valueMin="5.5">5.5–6.8 cm</quantity>
wide in the middle, green adaxially, grayish abaxially, sometimes dark vinaceous and maculate at the apex at adaxial side and completely vinaceous on the abaxial side, lepidote on both surfaces, more densely so on the abaxial side, apex acuminate to attenuate, pungent.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFED64325FE18FC16" bold="true" box="[356,465,892,918]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Peduncle</emphasis>
elongate, much exceeding the leaves of the rosette, erect, stout-rigid, terete,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFA9C4325FA62FC17" box="[1326,1451,892,919]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.51" metricValueMin="0.69" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="110.0" valueMax="151.0" valueMin="69.0">69–151 cm</quantity>
long, (7.6–)20.2–20.4(–36.2) mm in diameter when dry, pink-magenta, glabrous, basal internodes
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFB5C43F9FAA3FC3B" box="[1262,1386,928,955]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="50.0" valueMax="68.0" valueMin="32.0">32–68 mm</quantity>
long, medial and distal internodes
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFE79439DFD8DFC5F" box="[459,580,964,991]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="64.0" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="43.0">43–85 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFD39439DFC89FC5E" box="[651,832,964,990]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Peduncle bracts</emphasis>
persistent, erect, coriaceous, slightly nerved when dry; the basal ones much longer than the internodes, similar to the inner leaves of the rosette; the central ones longer to shorter than the internodes, ovate, dark-magenta, 48–83 ×
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFC9A4455FC6CFBA7" box="[808,933,1036,1063]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="31.0" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="25.0">25–37 mm</quantity>
, apex attenuate and apiculate; the distal ones equaling to shorter than the internodes, very broadly ovate to orbicular, dark-magenta, 38–57 × 23–31(–45) mm, apex attenuate and short-apiculate.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFE61440DFC8DFBEE" bold="true" box="[467,836,1108,1134]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Fertile part of the inflorescence</emphasis>
copiously covered with a resinous substance (including all bracts, sepals and petals), erect, once-branched, paniculate, conical in outline, (43–)
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFBED4421FB14FB13" box="[1119,1245,1144,1171]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" metricValueMax="10.3" metricValueMin="8.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="93.0" valueMax="103.0" valueMin="83.0">83–103 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFA944421FA62FB13" box="[1318,1451,1144,1171]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.475" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="2.55" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="34.75" valueMax="44.0" valueMin="25.5">25.5–44 cm</quantity>
wide in the base, with 3 to 10 polystichously arranged branches;
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFCDB44C4FC1FFB36" box="[873,982,1181,1206]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">main axis</emphasis>
straight, pink-magenta, (22.5–)
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFA8844C5FA62FB37" box="[1338,1451,1180,1207]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.65" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="5.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="66.5" valueMax="79.0" valueMin="54.0">54–79 cm</quantity>
long, (4.8–)7.5–12(–21) mm in diameter.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFDEF4499FCDCFB5A" bold="true" box="[605,789,1216,1242]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Primary bracts</emphasis>
similar to the peduncle bracts, shorter than the stipe of the branches, not diminishing in size distally, spreading with the branches, persistent, coriaceous, strongly nerved; the basal ones broadly ovate, 4.7–6.8 ×
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFE654551FD9FFAA3" box="[471,598,1288,1315]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.7">2.7–3.8 cm</quantity>
, magenta; the medial and distal bracts ovate, 4.5–4.7 ×
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFB0E4551FAF2FAA3" box="[1212,1339,1288,1315]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="3.2" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3.6 cm</quantity>
, magenta.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFF3A4575FF3BFAC6" bold="true" box="[136,242,1324,1350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Racemes</emphasis>
oblong to elliptical in outline, 8.3–22(–36) cm long,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFCF14575FC62FAC7" box="[835,939,1324,1351]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="4.9" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="4.0">4–5.8 cm</quantity>
wide in the middle;
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFB234574FB0FFAC6" box="[1169,1222,1325,1350]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">stipe</emphasis>
elongate, recurving, for most part exposed, 5–10(–16) cm long,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFDDF4509FD3DFAEB" box="[621,756,1360,1387]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="5.1" valueMax="6.4" valueMin="3.8">3.8–6.4 mm</quantity>
in diameter, terete, with 1–2(–4) carinate sterile bracts;
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFAD74509FED6FA0E" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">rachis of the raceme</emphasis>
straight, flat.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFE0B452DFD9DFA0E" bold="true" box="[441,596,1396,1422]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Floral bracts</emphasis>
persistent, gradually diminishing in size towards the apex of the raceme, just exceeded by the sepals, imbricate, contiguous, sub-erect, concave, coriaceous, sub-orbicular to broadly ovate, 3.9–5.2 x
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFF1345E5FEE4FA57" box="[161,301,1468,1495]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="2.95" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="1.4">1.4–4.5 mm</quantity>
, pink-magenta, strongly nerved when dry, ecarinate, apex acute to rounded and apiculate.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFAFE45E5FA62FA56" bold="true" box="[1356,1451,1468,1494]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Flowers</emphasis>
6–9(–17) in number per raceme, distichous, contiguous,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFCB545B9FC62FA7B" box="[775,939,1504,1531]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.595" metricValueMax="5.22" metricValueMin="3.97" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="45.95" valueMax="52.2" valueMin="39.7">39.7–52.2 mm</quantity>
long, pedicellate; pedicel
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFB6745B9FAA2FA7B" box="[1237,1387,1504,1531]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.95" metricValueMax="10.3" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="7.95" valueMax="10.3" valueMin="5.6">5.6–10.3 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFF3A465DFED8F99F" box="[136,273,1540,1567]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.449999999999999" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="6.449999999999999" valueMax="6.8" valueMin="6.1">6.1–6.8 mm</quantity>
in diameter.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFE1B465DFE3CF99E" bold="true" box="[425,501,1540,1566]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Sepals</emphasis>
all alike, free, coriaceous, narrowly elliptical, symmetrical, 44–53.6 x
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFA91465DFA6EF99F" box="[1315,1447,1540,1567]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.285" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="0.8699999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="12.85" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="8.7">8.7–17 mm</quantity>
, light green, strongly nerved, ecarinate, obtuse.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFD254671FD38F9C2" bold="true" box="[663,753,1576,1602]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Corolla</emphasis>
long-tubular, apically spreading;
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFBD94671FB67F9C2" box="[1131,1198,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">petals</emphasis>
free, membranaceous, oblong to lanceolate, 74 x
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFE014615FDEEF9E7" box="[435,551,1612,1639]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="5.75" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="4.0">4–7.5 mm</quantity>
, dark violet, apex acute to acuminate, bearing two appendages at the base; petal appendages flanking the antepetalous stamen, free lobe
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFD424629FCA9F90B" box="[752,864,1648,1675]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="5.9" valueMax="6.8" valueMin="5.0">5–6.8 mm</quantity>
long, detaching from the petal at
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFB624629FA81F90B" box="[1232,1352,1648,1675]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="12.0">12–13 mm</quantity>
from the base, apex fimbriate.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFEC746CDFE13F92E" bold="true" box="[373,474,1684,1710]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Stamens</emphasis>
included, nearly equaling the petals, free, all equal in length, occasionally heterandrous; filament terete,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFE8A46E1FEB5F953" box="[312,380,1720,1747]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="55.0">55 cm</quantity>
long, dark purple at least in the distal half; anther versatile, oblong, 10 ×
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFB1F46E1FACDF953" box="[1197,1284,1720,1747]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
, dark purple to black, pollen yellow.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFEC44685FE0BF976" bold="true" box="[374,450,1756,1782]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Ovary</emphasis>
conical, terete in cross section,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFC964685FC0EF977" box="[804,967,1756,1783]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.21" metricValueMin="1.04" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="11.25" valueMax="12.1" valueMin="10.4">10.4–12.1 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFBBE4685FB5BF977" box="[1036,1170,1756,1783]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="3.7">3.7–4.8 mm</quantity>
in diameter, placentation apically axile.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFE834759FEA5F89A" bold="true" box="[305,364,1792,1818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Style</emphasis>
shorter to much exceeding the stamens, included or exserted, terete, to ca.
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFB644758FAD9F89B" box="[1238,1296,1793,1819]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
long, purple; stigma conduplicate-spiral, purple,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFDA2477DFDADF8BF" box="[528,612,1828,1855]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFD1A477DFD33F8BE" bold="true" box="[680,762,1828,1854]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Ovules</emphasis>
many, ovoid.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFC27477DFC1AF8BE" bold="true" box="[917,979,1828,1854]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Fruit</emphasis>
capsular, elongate, terete,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFB4A477DFAA4F8BF" box="[1272,1389,1828,1855]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="8.7" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.4">7.4–10 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFF3A4711FED4F8E3" box="[136,285,1864,1891]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="0.85" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.5" valueMin="8.5">8.5–11.5 mm</quantity>
in diameter, brown.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFDBB4711FD85F8E2" bold="true" box="[521,588,1864,1890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Seeds</emphasis>
many, bearing a long plumose basal appendage,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C46FFDFFBCA4711FB3FF8E3" box="[1144,1270,1864,1891]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.05" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" unit="cm" value="6.05" valueMax="6.8" valueMin="5.3">5.3–6.8 cm</quantity>
long (including the apical and basal appendages), with each seta of the appendage bearing minuscule retrorse appendages, white.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A19865215C46FFDFFF0F47C9FAE0F872" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C46FFDFFF0F47C9FAE0F872" blockId="2.[136,1452,676,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFF0F47C9FE88F82A" bold="true" box="[189,321,1936,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C46FFDFFF0F47C9FEF1F82B" bold="true" box="[189,312,1936,1963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Etymology</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
—The specific epithet refers to Chingaza National Natural Park, a protected area where most of the specimens were collected. This area is part of the National System of Protected Areas of
<collectingCountry id="9195763A5C46FFDFFBD047EDFB1AF84E" box="[1122,1235,1972,1998]" name="Colombia" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, and its importance is crucial for
<collectingRegion id="2B46F8485C46FFDFFEAF4781FEB8F872" box="[285,369,2008,2034]" country="Colombia" name="Bogota" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Bogotá</collectingRegion>
, the capital of
<collectingCountry id="9195763A5C46FFDFFDA74781FD4FF872" box="[533,646,2008,2034]" name="Colombia" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, as it provides water for a large part of the city’s population.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="BDFD66225C47FFDEFF3A4712FBE5F84D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8248850" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8248850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8248850/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="265" startId="3.[136,229,1867,1889]" targetBox="[180,1431,202,1843]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C47FFDEFF3A4712FBE5F84D" blockId="3.[136,1452,1867,1997]" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C47FFDEFF3A4712FEC9F8E0" bold="true" box="[136,256,1867,1889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C47FFDEFEB54712FE3BF8E0" box="[263,498,1867,1888]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C47FFDEFEB54712FE27F8E0" box="[263,494,1867,1888]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="265" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">Tillandsia chingacensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
A. General habit of the plant. B. Leaf blade. C. Sterile bract, floral bract, and emerging fruit. D. Flowering raceme. E. Sepals. F. Dissected corolla showing petals, petal appendages, androecium and gynoecium. G. Fruiting raceme. H. Seed showing the chalazal appendage in the lower part and the micropylar appendage in the upper part. I. Detail of the basal-most part of the micropylar appendage of the seed. J. Detail of a seed bristle. Illustration by Marcela Morales.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BDFD66225C40FFD9FF3A47F9FF15F87E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8248852" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8248852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8248852/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" startId="4.[136,229,1952,1974]" targetBox="[170,1426,190,1928]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C40FFD9FF3A47F9FF15F87E" blockId="4.[136,1452,1952,2046]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C40FFD9FF3A47F9FF36F835" bold="true" box="[136,255,1952,1974]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C40FFD9FEB447F9FE39F835" box="[262,496,1952,1973]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C40FFD9FEB447F9FE25F835" box="[262,492,1952,1973]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">Tillandsia chingacensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
A. Habit. B. Center of the rosette. C. Fertile part of the inflorescence. D. Part of the Peduncle. E. Branch of the inflorescence. F. Detail of the floral bracts and flowers (Photos David E. Hernández-Rodríguez and Érika HernándezAldana).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BDFD66225C41FFD8FF3A45EEFEFCFA72" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8248854" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8248854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8248854/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" startId="5.[136,229,1463,1485]" targetBox="[340,1247,191,1439]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C41FFD8FF3A45EEFEFCFA72" blockId="5.[136,1451,1463,1522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C41FFD8FF3A45EEFF3EFA4D" bold="true" box="[136,247,1463,1485]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. Artistic illustration of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C41FFD8FE6A45E1FD73FA4D" box="[472,698,1464,1485]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C41FFD8FE6A45E1FD73FA4D" box="[472,698,1464,1485]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Tillandsia chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
showing the habit and colors of the living plant. Illustrated in the type locality by Lisa Anzellini.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A19865215C41FFD8FF0F4679FBE6F94A" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C41FFD8FF0F4679FBE6F94A" blockId="5.[136,1452,1568,2063]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C41FFD8FF0F4679FE16F9BA" bold="true" box="[189,479,1568,1595]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C41FFD8FF0F4679FE1FF9BB" bold="true" box="[189,470,1568,1595]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
—This species grows as a solitary epiphyte in robust trees of forested areas and forest edges of rugged topography crossed by deep canyons. It is endemic to the medium to high elevation forests of the eastern Cordillera of
<collectingCountry id="9195763A5C41FFD8FEC74631FE2AF902" box="[373,483,1640,1666]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Colombia</collectingCountry>
located in remote areas of Chingaza National Natural Park at
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C41FFD8FB2E4631FAFEF903" box="[1180,1335,1640,1667]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" unit="m" value="2700.0" valueMax="3100.0" valueMin="2300.0">2300–3100 m</quantity>
elevation. Specifically, this species has been collected in three municipalities embedded in Chingaza National Park and its surrounding areas: San Juanito (
<collectingRegion id="2B46F8485C41FFD8FE4246E9FDE6F94A" box="[496,559,1712,1738]" country="Colombia" name="Meta" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Meta</collectingRegion>
), Junín and Gachalá (
<collectingRegion id="2B46F8485C41FFD8FCAD46E9FC0FF94A" box="[799,966,1712,1738]" country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
) (
<figureCitation id="71B92A2F5C41FFD8FC6F46E9FBEBF94A" box="[989,1058,1712,1738]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1150,1172]" captionTargetBox="[350,1237,428,1116]" captionTargetId="figure-115@6.[340,1247,425,1126]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Geographic distribution of Tillandsia chingacensis. The top-right map highlights the Chingaza Natural National Park (gray area) along with the surrounding municipalities (white areas). The larger map provides a detailed view, indicating the georeferenced collection points of Tillandsia chingacensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8248856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8248856/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A19865215C41FFD8FF0F468DFC39F822" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C41FFD8FF0F468DFC39F822" blockId="5.[136,1452,1568,2063]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C41FFD8FF0F468DFE62F96E" bold="true" box="[189,427,1748,1774]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C41FFD8FF0F468DFE6BF96E" bold="true" box="[189,418,1748,1774]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Conservation status</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
—The species is only known from three localities with an AOO of
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C41FFD8FB2C468DFAC6F96E" box="[1182,1295,1748,1774]" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" unit="km" value="20000.0">20000 km</quantity>
<superScript id="1EF79BE25C41FFD8FABD468DFADEF962" attach="left" box="[1295,1303,1748,1762]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">2</superScript>
(AOO based on user defined cell width (
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C41FFD8FE7E46A1FDC3F892" box="[460,522,1784,1810]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
)) and a EOO of
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C41FFD8FD6446A1FC98F892" box="[726,849,1784,1810]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6174" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" unit="km" value="66.174">66.174 km</quantity>
<superScript id="1EF79BE25C41FFD8FCE346A1FC90F886" attach="left" box="[849,857,1784,1798]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">2</superScript>
. Two of these localities are protected by Chingaza National Natural Park and correspond to a continuous matrix of well-conserved forest. The locality in San Juanito, however, corresponds to a highly fragmented forest surrounded by intense deforestation for agricultural expansion. Based on the number of endangered localities, small AOO and EOO, we propose the categorization of this species as endangered EN B2ab(iii) following the guidelines of the IUCN (
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C41FFD8FCE847D1FC2DF822" author="IUCN Standards &amp; Petitions Committee" box="[858,996,1928,1954]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" refId="ref6330" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee. (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15. 1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed: 25 January 2023)." type="url" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A19865215C41FFDBFF0F47F5FDBFFE10" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C41FFDBFF0F47F5FDBFFE10" blockId="5.[136,1452,1568,2063]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,158,401]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C41FFD8FF0F47F5FDAFF846" bold="true" box="[189,614,1964,1990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Additional specimens examined:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="59EA3CF75C41FFD8FDD447F5FBCAF78E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4174512305" collectingDate="2018-01-31" collectionCode="COL" collectorName="de Agua" country="Colombia" county="Junin" elevation="2546" latitude="4.587278" location="Carpanta" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.676445" municipality="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
<collectingCountry id="9195763A5C41FFD8FDD447F5FD36F846" box="[614,767,1964,1990]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="2B46F8485C41FFD8FCBC47F5FC7FF846" box="[782,950,1964,1990]" country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
: municipio
<collectingCounty id="005C4E265C41FFD8FBF047F5FB48F846" box="[1090,1153,1964,1990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Junín</collectingCounty>
, vereda
<collectingMunicipality id="0959ACD05C41FFD8FB5547F5FA91F846" box="[1255,1368,1964,1990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Colombia</collectingMunicipality>
, sector
<location id="EC5D60715C41FFD8FF3A4789FF39F86A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C:EC5D60715C41FFD8FF3A4789FF39F86A" box="[136,240,2000,2026]" country="Colombia" county="Junin" latitude="4.587278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.676445" municipality="Colombia" name="Carpanta" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">Carpanta</location>
, borde de bosque, quebrada
<location id="EC5D60715C41FFD8FDE24789FCC1F86A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C:EC5D60715C41FFD8FDE24789FCC1F86A" box="[592,776,2000,2026]" country="Colombia" county="Junin" latitude="4.587278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.676445" municipality="Colombia" name="Golpe de Agua" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
Golpe
<collectorName id="4477537C5C41FFD8FD114789FCC1F86A" box="[675,776,2000,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">de Agua</collectorName>
</location>
, límite del
<location id="EC5D60715C41FFD8FC284788FAFEF86A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C:EC5D60715C41FFD8FC284788FAFEF86A" box="[922,1335,2000,2027]" country="Colombia" county="Junin" latitude="4.587278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.676445" municipality="Colombia" name="Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza</location>
,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C41FFD8FAFB4789FA6FF86B" box="[1353,1446,2000,2027]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.546" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" unit="m" value="2546.0">
<elevation id="62AFD1995C41FFD8FAFB4789FA6FF86B" box="[1353,1446,2000,2027]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.546" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" unit="m" value="2546.0">2546 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8CB6506D5C41FFD8FF3A47ADFED0F78F" box="[136,281,2036,2063]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" precision="1" seconds="14.2" value="4.587278">4º35’14.2”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8CB6506D5C41FFD8FE9747ADFE0EF78F" box="[293,455,2036,2063]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" precision="1" seconds="35.2" value="-73.676445">73º40’35.2”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="9D3C106A5C41FFD8FE6147ADFD58F78E" box="[467,657,2036,2063]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" value="2018-01-31">
<collectingDate id="8D78E9825C41FFD8FE6147ADFD58F78E" box="[467,657,2036,2063]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" value="2018-01-31">31 January 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C41FFD8FD2F47ADFCBBF78E" box="[669,882,2036,2062]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Hernández-Aldana</emphasis>
460 (
<collectionCode id="8F93AE6F5C41FFD8FC0647ADFC3FF78E" box="[948,1014,2036,2062]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15629" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15629" name="Universidad Nacional de Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" type="Herbarium">COL</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="59EA3CF75C41FFDBFBBD47ADFB87FF5C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4174512306" collectingDate="2019-09-27" collectionCode="COL" collectorName="Hernandez-Aldana" country="Colombia" elevation="2200" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="268" latitude="4.597417" location="Tendidos de Rio Negro" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.60191" municipality="Gachala" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
municipio
<collectingMunicipality id="0959ACD05C41FFD8FB3A47ADFB2EF78E" box="[1160,1255,2036,2062]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Gachalá</collectingMunicipality>
, vereda
<location id="EC5D60715C41FFDBFAF747ADFED7FF39" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C:EC5D60715C41FFDBFAF747ADFED7FF39" country="Colombia" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="268" latitude="4.597417" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.60191" municipality="Gachala" name="Tendidos de Rio Negro" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">Tendidos de Río Negro</location>
, borde de bosque, quebrada
<collectorName id="4477537C5C42FFDBFDE040C6FD77FF38" box="[594,702,158,185]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">La Palma</collectorName>
, área de amortiguación del
<collectorName id="4477537C5C42FFDBFC5A40C6FAA2FF38" box="[1000,1387,158,185]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C42FFDBFAC140C7FF69FF5D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" unit="m" value="2200.0">
<elevation id="62AFD1995C42FFDBFAC140C7FF69FF5D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8CB6506D5C42FFDBFF1C409BFEF7FF5D" box="[174,318,194,221]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" precision="1" seconds="50.7" value="4.597417">4°35’50.7”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="8CB6506D5C42FFDBFEFA409BFE17FF5C" box="[328,478,194,220]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" precision="1" seconds="6.9" value="-73.60191">73°36’6.9”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="9D3C106A5C42FFDBFE5E409BFD00FF5C" box="[492,713,194,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" value="2019-09-27">
<collectingDate id="8D78E9825C42FFDBFE5E409BFD00FF5C" box="[492,713,194,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" value="2019-09-27">27 September 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFD65409BFC24FF5C" box="[727,1005,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">
<collectorName id="4477537C5C42FFDBFD65409BFC65FF5C" box="[727,940,194,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Hernández-Aldana</collectorName>
1041
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="8F93AE6F5C42FFDBFC4D409BFB88FF5C" box="[1023,1089,194,220]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15629" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15629" name="Universidad Nacional de Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" type="Herbarium">COL</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="59EA3CF75C42FFDBFBE9409AFD57FEC8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4174512301" collectingDate="2018-03-13" collectionCode="COL" collectorName="El Tablon &amp; El Palmar" country="Colombia" county="San Juanito" elevation="2180" latitude="4.4706388" location="El Tablon" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.64261" municipality="Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Meta">
<collectingRegion id="2B46F8485C42FFDBFBE9409AFB50FF5D" box="[1115,1177,195,221]" country="Colombia" name="Meta" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Meta</collectingRegion>
: municipio
<collectingCounty id="005C4E265C42FFDBFA92409BFA6EFF5C" box="[1312,1447,194,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">San Juanito</collectingCounty>
, área de amortiguación del
<collectingMunicipality id="0959ACD05C42FFDBFE0B40BEFC81FE80" box="[441,840,230,257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza</collectingMunicipality>
, vereda
<collectorName id="4477537C5C42FFDBFC1A40BFFBD3FE80" box="[936,1050,230,256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">
<location id="EC5D60715C42FFDBFC1A40BFFBD3FE80" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C:EC5D60715C42FFDBFC1A40BFFBD3FE80" box="[936,1050,230,256]" country="Colombia" county="San Juanito" latitude="4.4706388" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.64261" municipality="Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza" name="El Tablon" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" stateProvince="Meta">El Tablón</location>
</collectorName>
, sendero hacia
<collectorName id="4477537C5C42FFDBFB7940BFFAF7FE80" box="[1227,1342,230,256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">
<location id="EC5D60715C42FFDBFB7940BFFAF7FE80" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C:EC5D60715C42FFDBFB7940BFFAF7FE80" box="[1227,1342,230,256]" country="Colombia" county="San Juanito" latitude="4.4706388" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.64261" municipality="Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza" name="El Palmar" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" stateProvince="Meta">El Palmar</location>
</collectorName>
, entre las fincas
<location id="EC5D60715C42FFDBFF664153FEB0FEA4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:612B87BC5C46FFD5FF3A40ADFC36FF5C:EC5D60715C42FFDBFF664153FEB0FEA4" box="[212,377,266,292]" country="Colombia" county="San Juanito" latitude="4.4706388" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.64261" municipality="Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza" name="Campo Alegre" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" stateProvince="Meta">Campo Alegre</location>
y
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, bosque alto andino,
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, 4°28’25.5”–
<geoCoordinate id="8CB6506D5C42FFDBFC544153FBBFFEA4" box="[998,1142,266,292]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" precision="1" seconds="14.3" value="4.4706388">4°28’14.3”N</geoCoordinate>
73°39’14”–
<geoCoordinate id="8CB6506D5C42FFDBFB4D4153FA6EFEA4" box="[1279,1447,266,292]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" precision="1" seconds="33.4" value="-73.64261">73°38’33.4”W</geoCoordinate>
,
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<collectingDate id="8D78E9825C42FFDBFF3A4177FEFEFEC8" box="[136,311,302,328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" value="2018-03-13">13 March 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFEF74176FE35FEC9" box="[325,508,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Aguirre-Santoro</emphasis>
3513 (
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!)
</materialsCitation>
;
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municipio
<collectingMunicipality id="0959ACD05C42FFDBFC954177FC66FEC8" box="[807,943,302,328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">San Juanito</collectingMunicipality>
, área de amortiguación del
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, vereda
<collectorName id="4477537C5C42FFDBFE03410BFDEBFEEC" box="[433,546,338,364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">El Tablón</collectorName>
, sector
<collectorName id="4477537C5C42FFDBFDC8410BFD21FEEC" box="[634,744,338,364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">el Palmar</collectorName>
, bosque alto andino,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="8CB6506D5C42FFDBFBF3410BFB07FEEC" box="[1089,1230,338,364]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" precision="1" seconds="11.6" value="4.4698887">4°28’11.6”N</geoCoordinate>
–
<geoCoordinate id="8CB6506D5C42FFDBFB6C410BFA4BFEEC" box="[1246,1410,338,364]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" precision="1" seconds="20.9" value="-73.63914">73°38’20.9”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="9D3C106A5C42FFDBFA3D410BFEDAFE10" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" value="2018-03-17">
<collectingDate id="8D78E9825C42FFDBFA3D410BFEDAFE10" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" value="2018-03-17">17 March 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFEAC412EFDDDFE10" box="[286,532,374,401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">
<collectorName id="4477537C5C42FFDBFEAC412EFE1CFE11" box="[286,469,375,401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Aguirre-Santoro</collectorName>
3580
</emphasis>
(
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!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="BDFD66225C42FFDBFF3A4427FDE6FB5C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8248856" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8248856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8248856/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" startId="6.[136,229,1150,1172]" targetBox="[350,1237,428,1116]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C42FFDBFF3A4427FDE6FB5C" blockId="6.[136,1451,1150,1245]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFF3A4427FF37FB13" bold="true" box="[136,254,1150,1172]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFDBE4426FD26FB14" box="[524,751,1151,1172]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFDBE4426FD26FB14" box="[524,751,1151,1172]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Tillandsia chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The top-right map highlights the Chingaza Natural National Park (gray area) along with the surrounding municipalities (white areas). The larger map provides a detailed view, indicating the georeferenced collection points of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFEF5449EFDE0FB5C" box="[327,553,1223,1244]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFEF5449EFDE0FB5C" box="[327,553,1223,1244]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Tillandsia chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A19865215C42FFD5FF0F4553FC36FF5C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="270" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C42FFDBFF0F4553FEBCF9C6" blockId="6.[136,1452,1290,2074]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFF0F4553FEB3FAA5" bold="true" box="[189,378,1290,1317]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFF0F4553FE9DFAA5" bold="true" box="[189,340,1290,1317]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Observations</emphasis>
:—
</emphasis>
According to the latest complete taxonomic treatment of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFC5D4552FA6EFAA5" authority="(Smith &amp; Downs 1977)" baseAuthorityName="Smith &amp; Downs" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[1007,1447,1291,1318]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tillandsioideae">
Tillandsioideae (
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFB1A4552FA56FAA5" author="Smith, L. B. &amp; Downs, R. J." box="[1192,1439,1291,1318]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="663 - 1492" refId="ref6836" refString="Smith, L. B. &amp; Downs, R. J. (1977) Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae). In: Flora Neotropica Monograph, vol. 14. Hafner Press, New York, pp. 663 - 1492." type="book chapter" year="1977">Smith &amp; Downs 1977</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, this new species should be strictly placed in the genus
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFD5C4569FC88FAC9" authorityName="Lindley" authorityYear="1843" box="[750,833,1328,1353]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Vriesea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFD5C4569FC88FAC9" box="[750,833,1328,1353]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Vriesea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of its distichous flowers and presence of petal appendages. Nevertheless, the validity of this combination of characters to separate
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFB8B450DFB45FAED" authorityName="Lindley" authorityYear="1843" box="[1081,1164,1364,1389]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Vriesea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFB8B450DFB45FAED" box="[1081,1164,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Vriesea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFB60450AFA8BFAED" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1234,1346,1363,1389]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFB60450AFA8BFAED" box="[1234,1346,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Tillandsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been questioned by bromeliad taxonomists (
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFDF0452EFCEBFA11" author="Barfuss, M. H. J. &amp; Till, W. &amp; Leme, E. M. C. &amp; Pinzon, J. P. &amp; Manzanares, J. M. &amp; Halbritter, H. &amp; Samuel, R. &amp; Brown, G. K." box="[578,802,1399,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref5336" refString="Barfuss, M. H. J., Till, W., Leme, E. M. C., Pinzon, J. P., Manzanares, J. M., Halbritter, H., Samuel, R. &amp; Brown, G. K. (2016) Taxonomic revision of Bromeliaceae subfam. Tillandsioideae based on a multi-locus DNA sequence phylogeny and morphology. Phytotaxa 279: 1 - 97. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 279.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">
Barfuss
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFD104521FD14FA11" box="[674,733,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFC9C452EFC3FFA11" author="Costa, A. F. da &amp; Gomes-da-Silva, J. &amp; das Gracas Lapa Wanderley, M." box="[814,1014,1399,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="338 - 352" refId="ref5577" refString="Costa, A. F. da, Gomes-da-Silva, J. &amp; das Gracas Lapa Wanderley, M. (2014) Vriesea (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae): taxonomic history, and morphology of the Brazilian lineage. The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 141: 338 - 352. https: // doi. org / 10.3159 / TORREY-D- 13 - 00070.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
Costa
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFCC54521FC7BFA11" box="[887,946,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFBB1452EFB4EFA11" author="Grant, J. R." box="[1027,1159,1399,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="170 - 175" refId="ref6129" refString="Grant, J. R. (1993) True Tillandsias misplaced in Vriesea (Bromeliaceae: Tillandsioideae). Phytologia 75: 170 - 175. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 17309" type="journal article" year="1993">Grant 1993</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFB274521FA69FA11" author="Kessous, I. M. &amp; Costa, A. F." box="[1173,1440,1399,1426]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="71 - 101" refId="ref6388" refString="Kessous, I. M. &amp; Costa, A. F. (2023) Novelties in &quot; incertae sedis &quot; Vriesea (Bromeliaceae: Tillandsioideae): Redescriptions, new combinations and nomenclatural revision. Phytotaxa 585 (2): 71 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 585.2.1" type="journal article" year="2023">Kessous &amp; Costa 2023</bibRefCitation>
). Factors supporting this reconsideration include the plasticity of petal appendages (
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFBA845C2FACEFA35" author="Brown, G. K. &amp; Terry, R. G." box="[1050,1287,1435,1462]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="1051 - 1071" refId="ref5536" refString="Brown, G. K. &amp; Terry, R. G. (1992) Petal Appendages in Bromeliaceae. American Journal of Botany 79: 1051 - 1071. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2444915" type="journal article" year="1992">Brown &amp; Terry 1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFAA045C2FA56FA35" author="Gouda, E. J." box="[1298,1439,1435,1461]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" refId="ref6029" refString="Gouda, E. J. (1987) Bromeliaceae (subfamily Tillandsioideae). In: Gorts-van Rijn, A. R. A. (ed.) Flora of the Guiana's Series A: Phanerogams. Vol. 3 (189). 112 pp." type="book" year="1987">Gouda 1987</bibRefCitation>
), molecular analyses suggesting a distinct, Brazilian-centered clade for
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFC1E4599FC36FA59" authorityName="Lindley" authorityYear="1843" box="[940,1023,1472,1497]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Vriesea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFC1E4599FC36FA59" box="[940,1023,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Vriesea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFBA245E6FB3BFA59" author="Barfuss, M. H. J. &amp; Till, W. &amp; Leme, E. M. C. &amp; Pinzon, J. P. &amp; Manzanares, J. M. &amp; Halbritter, H. &amp; Samuel, R. &amp; Brown, G. K." box="[1040,1266,1471,1497]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref5336" refString="Barfuss, M. H. J., Till, W., Leme, E. M. C., Pinzon, J. P., Manzanares, J. M., Halbritter, H., Samuel, R. &amp; Brown, G. K. (2016) Taxonomic revision of Bromeliaceae subfam. Tillandsioideae based on a multi-locus DNA sequence phylogeny and morphology. Phytotaxa 279: 1 - 97. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 279.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">
Barfuss
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFBC34599FB65FA59" box="[1137,1196,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFB4D45E6FF0DFA7D" author="Machado, T. M. &amp; Loiseau, O. &amp; Paris, M. &amp; Weigand, A. &amp; Versieux, L. M. &amp; Stehmann, J. R. &amp; Lexer, C. &amp; Salamin, N." pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="656 - 674" refId="ref6508" refString="Machado, T. M., Loiseau, O., Paris, M., Weigand, A., Versieux, L. M., Stehmann, J. R., Lexer, C. &amp; Salamin, N. (2020) Systematics of Vriesea (Bromeliaceae): phylogenetic relationships based on nuclear gene and partial plastome sequences. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 192: 656 - 674. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / botlinnean / boz 102" type="journal article" year="2020">
Machado
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFAC34599FA65FA59" box="[1393,1452,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
), and the resemblance of certain Andean
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFD2045BDFCF4FA7D" box="[658,829,1507,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFD2045BDFD2CFA7D" box="[658,741,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Vriesea</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
to those of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFC7045BAFBFBFA7D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[962,1074,1507,1533]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFC7045BAFBFBFA7D" box="[962,1074,1507,1533]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Tillandsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFBF245BAFAD3FA7D" author="Barfuss, M. H. J. &amp; Till, W. &amp; Leme, E. M. C. &amp; Pinzon, J. P. &amp; Manzanares, J. M. &amp; Halbritter, H. &amp; Samuel, R. &amp; Brown, G. K." box="[1088,1306,1507,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref5336" refString="Barfuss, M. H. J., Till, W., Leme, E. M. C., Pinzon, J. P., Manzanares, J. M., Halbritter, H., Samuel, R. &amp; Brown, G. K. (2016) Taxonomic revision of Bromeliaceae subfam. Tillandsioideae based on a multi-locus DNA sequence phylogeny and morphology. Phytotaxa 279: 1 - 97. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 279.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">
Barfuss
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFB2D45BDFB1EFA7D" box="[1183,1239,1507,1533]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFA9745BAFA6EFA7D" author="Grant, J. R." box="[1317,1447,1507,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="170 - 175" refId="ref6129" refString="Grant, J. R. (1993) True Tillandsias misplaced in Vriesea (Bromeliaceae: Tillandsioideae). Phytologia 75: 170 - 175. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 17309" type="journal article" year="1993">Grant 1993</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFF3A4651FE5AF9A1" author="Kessous, I. M. &amp; Costa, A. F." box="[136,403,1543,1570]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="71 - 101" refId="ref6388" refString="Kessous, I. M. &amp; Costa, A. F. (2023) Novelties in &quot; incertae sedis &quot; Vriesea (Bromeliaceae: Tillandsioideae): Redescriptions, new combinations and nomenclatural revision. Phytotaxa 585 (2): 71 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 585.2.1" type="journal article" year="2023">Kessous &amp; Costa 2023</bibRefCitation>
). In the case of new species described here, these arguments equally justify our decision to place it in
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFF4F4672FEA4F9C5" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[253,365,1579,1605]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFF4F4672FEA4F9C5" box="[253,365,1579,1605]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Tillandsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C42FFDBFF0F4616FED6F79A" blockId="6.[136,1452,1290,2074]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">
The new circumscription of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFE474609FD81F9E9" authorityName="Lindley" authorityYear="1843" box="[501,584,1616,1641]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Vriesea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFE474609FD81F9E9" box="[501,584,1616,1641]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Vriesea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the taxonomic treatment of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFC2B4616FB8CF9E9" baseAuthorityName="Smith &amp; Downs" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[921,1093,1615,1641]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tillandsioideae">Tillandsioideae</taxonomicName>
of
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFBDA4616FA83F9E9" author="Barfuss, M. H. J. &amp; Till, W. &amp; Leme, E. M. C. &amp; Pinzon, J. P. &amp; Manzanares, J. M. &amp; Halbritter, H. &amp; Samuel, R. &amp; Brown, G. K." box="[1128,1354,1615,1641]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref5336" refString="Barfuss, M. H. J., Till, W., Leme, E. M. C., Pinzon, J. P., Manzanares, J. M., Halbritter, H., Samuel, R. &amp; Brown, G. K. (2016) Taxonomic revision of Bromeliaceae subfam. Tillandsioideae based on a multi-locus DNA sequence phylogeny and morphology. Phytotaxa 279: 1 - 97. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 279.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">
Barfuss
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFB714609FB33F9E9" box="[1219,1274,1615,1641]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
strongly rejects the placement of the new species within this genus because of its purple petals (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFB3A462DFB56F90D" box="[1160,1183,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">vs</emphasis>
. yellow to brown) and Andean distribution (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFEC646C1FE5BF931" box="[372,402,1688,1713]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">vs.</emphasis>
mainly Brazilian).According to the new taxonomic reorganizations proposed in this taxonomic treatment and the recent revision of
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C42FFDBFDA646E5FCECF955" author="Kessous, I. M. &amp; Costa, A. F." box="[532,805,1723,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" pagination="71 - 101" refId="ref6388" refString="Kessous, I. M. &amp; Costa, A. F. (2023) Novelties in &quot; incertae sedis &quot; Vriesea (Bromeliaceae: Tillandsioideae): Redescriptions, new combinations and nomenclatural revision. Phytotaxa 585 (2): 71 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 585.2.1" type="journal article" year="2023">Kessous &amp; Costa (2023)</bibRefCitation>
, the Andean distribution and presence of petal appendages of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFF154686FE78F979" box="[167,433,1759,1785]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFF154686FE78F979" box="[167,433,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Tillandsia chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would rather place this species either in the genus
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFC474686FBA6F979" authorityName="Ule" authorityYear="1906" box="[1013,1135,1759,1785]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Cipuropsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFC474686FBA6F979" box="[1013,1135,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Cipuropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFB244686FACFF979" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1174,1286,1759,1785]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFB244686FACFF979" box="[1174,1286,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Tillandsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In the former case,
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFF7B475DFEB1F89D" box="[201,376,1795,1821]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFF7B475DFEB1F89D" box="[201,376,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">T. chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not fit within the diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFC93475AFC52F89D" authorityName="Ule" authorityYear="1906" box="[801,923,1795,1821]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Cipuropsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFC93475AFC52F89D" box="[801,923,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Cipuropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of its long-triangular leaf blades (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFA3F475DFA62F89D" box="[1421,1451,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">vs.</emphasis>
lingulate), petals completely free (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFDA54771FDFCF8C1" box="[535,565,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">vs.</emphasis>
1/4 conglutinated/connate) and purple petals (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFBE14771FBB8F8C1" box="[1107,1137,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">vs.</emphasis>
yellow or white), and free anthers (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFF594715FEC0F8E5" box="[235,265,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">vs.</emphasis>
united into a tube surrounding the stigma). Additionally
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFC254715FB8FF8E5" box="[919,1094,1867,1893]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFC254715FB8FF8E5" box="[919,1094,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">T. chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fits with confidence within the limits of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFF424736FEA9F809" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[240,352,1903,1929]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFF424736FEA9F809" box="[240,352,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Tillandsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mainly because of its conduplicate-spiral stigma and free purple petals. Nonetheless, the precise placement of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFE9347CDFE07F82D" box="[289,462,1939,1965]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFE9347CDFE07F82D" box="[289,462,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">T. chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within specific subgenera and species complexes of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFBAD47CAFB46F82D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1055,1167,1939,1965]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFBAD47CAFB46F82D" box="[1055,1167,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Tillandsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remains uncertain due to the absence of clear defining criteria for these infrageneric groups. While one possible option is assigning the species to
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFF164785FF70F875" box="[164,185,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">T.</emphasis>
subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C42FFDBFE9C4782FE18F875" box="[302,465,2011,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="268" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pseudovriesea">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C42FFDBFE9C4782FE18F875" box="[302,465,2011,2037]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="268">Pseudovriesea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it lacks the distinctive xeromorphic leaves and long-triangular leaf blades characteristic of this group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C43FFDAFF0F40C7FEEEFE7C" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
Besides the phylogenetic and morphological reasons explained above, our decision to place the new species in
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFF3A409BFF31FF5C" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[136,248,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFF3A409BFF31FF5C" box="[136,248,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Tillandsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is strongly based on its affinity with
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFD03409BFC1CFF5C" box="[689,981,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Allardtia">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFD03409BFCE8FF5C" box="[689,801,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Tillandsia</emphasis>
subg.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFCC3409BFC1CFF5C" box="[881,981,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Allardtia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C43FFDAFC55409BFB1CFF5C" author="Dietrich, A. G." box="[999,1237,194,221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" pagination="241 - 243" refId="ref5756" refString="Dietrich, A. G. (1852) Beschreibung einer neuen Bromeliaceen Gattung, nebst der dahin geh ¸ hrenben Art. Allgemeine Gatenzeitung 20: 241 - 243." type="journal article" year="1852">Dietrich (1852: 241)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C43FFDAFB6D409BFA61FF5C" author="Baker, J. G." box="[1247,1448,194,220]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref5241" refString="Baker, J. G. (1888) A synopsis of Tillandsieae. Journal of Botany, British and foreign 26: 39 - 50." type="journal article" year="1888">Baker (1888: 40)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFF3A40BFFE58FE80" box="[136,401,230,256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFF3A40BFFE58FE80" box="[136,401,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Tillandsia chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fits within this subgenus because of its included stamens with straight filaments and slender style (
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C43FFDAFF794153FE0DFEA4" author="Smith, L. B. &amp; Downs, R. J." box="[203,452,266,293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" pagination="663 - 1492" refId="ref6836" refString="Smith, L. B. &amp; Downs, R. J. (1977) Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae). In: Flora Neotropica Monograph, vol. 14. Hafner Press, New York, pp. 663 - 1492." type="book chapter" year="1977">Smith &amp; Downs 1977</bibRefCitation>
). Within
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFD9B4153FC8FFEA4" box="[553,838,266,292]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Allardtia">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFD9B4153FD50FEA4" box="[553,665,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Tillandsia</emphasis>
subg.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFD504153FC8FFEA4" box="[738,838,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Allardtia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFCE64152FBC9FEA4" box="[852,1024,266,292]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFCE64152FBC9FEA4" box="[852,1024,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is likely related to a group of northern Andean-centered species encompassed by
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFDC24176FBEFFEC9" authority="Gilmartin (1968: 156)" authorityName="Gilmartin" authorityPageNumber="156" authorityYear="1968" box="[624,1062,302,329]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevicapsula">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFDC24176FCD7FEC8" box="[624,798,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. brevicapsula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C43FFDAFC954177FBEFFEC9" author="Gilmartin, A. J." box="[807,1062,302,329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" pagination="153 - 167" refId="ref5787" refString="Gilmartin, A. J. (1968) Taxonomic notes on some Bromeliaceae of Ecuador. Phytologia 16: 153 - 167." type="journal article" year="1968">Gilmartin (1968: 156)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFB864176FA40FEC8" authority="Mez (1896: 783)" authorityName="Mez" authorityPageNumber="783" authorityYear="1896" box="[1076,1417,302,329]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigera">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFB864176FB75FEC8" box="[1076,1212,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. clavigera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C43FFDAFB774176FA40FEC8" author="Mez, C." box="[1221,1417,302,329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" pagination="1 - 990" refId="ref6720" refString="Mez, C. (1896) Bromeliaceae. In: Candolle, C. de (Ed.) Monographie Phanerogamarum vol. 9. Sumptibus Masson &amp; Cie., Paris, pp. 1 - 990." type="book chapter" year="1896">Mez (1896: 783)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFA254176FE11FEEC" authority="Grisebach (1864: 17)" authorityName="Grisebach" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1864" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fendleri">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFA254176FF16FEEC" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. fendleri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C43FFDAFF55410BFE11FEEC" author="Grisebach, A. H. R." box="[231,472,338,364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref6254" refString="Grisebach, A. H. R. (1864) Ueber die von Fendler in Venezuela gesammelten Bromeliaceen. Nachrichten von der Koniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und von der Georg-Augusts-Universitat zu Gottingen 1864: 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1864">Grisebach (1864: 17)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFE57410AFC4CFEED" authority="Till &amp; Grant (2003: 195)" authorityName="Till &amp; Grant" authorityPageNumber="195" authorityYear="2003" box="[485,901,338,365]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="francisci">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFE57410AFDAAFEEC" box="[485,611,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. francisci</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C43FFDAFDD8410BFC4CFEED" author="Till, W. &amp; Grant, J. R." box="[618,901,338,365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" pagination="195 - 199" refId="ref6879" refString="Till, W. &amp; Grant, J. R. (2003) Tillandsia francisci, a large new species from the Andes of Venezuela and Colombia. Journal of the Bromeliad Society 53: 195 - 199." type="journal article" year="2003">Till &amp; Grant (2003: 195)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFC73410AFEC8FE10" authority="(Gilmartin 1968: 157) Smith (1974: 36)" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Gilmartin" baseAuthorityPageNumber="157" baseAuthorityYear="1968" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nervisepala">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFC73410AFBA8FEEC" box="[961,1121,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. nervisepala</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C43FFDAFBDD410BFA91FEED" author="Gilmartin, A. J." box="[1135,1368,338,365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" pagination="153 - 167" refId="ref5787" refString="Gilmartin, A. J. (1968) Taxonomic notes on some Bromeliaceae of Ecuador. Phytologia 16: 153 - 167." type="journal article" year="1968">Gilmartin 1968: 157</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C43FFDAFADA410BFEC8FE10" author="Smith, L. B." pageId="7" pageNumber="269" pagination="24 - 42" refId="ref6814" refString="Smith, L. B. (1974) Notes on Bromeliaceae, XXV. Phytologia 28: 24 - 42." type="journal article" year="1974">Smith (1974: 36)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. These species can be recognized by their large size (
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C43FFDAFCE7412FFC7BFE11" box="[853,946,374,401]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" unit="m" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 m</quantity>
tall), inflorescences laxly compound bearing spreading to reflexed racemes or spikes, relatively long floral bracts (&gt;
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C43FFDAFC2941C3FC21FE35" box="[923,1000,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
long) that are frequently carinate (not in
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFF3A41E6FEFDFE58" box="[136,308,446,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFF3A41E6FEFDFE58" box="[136,308,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and free sepals of&gt;
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C43FFDAFD9141E7FDBBFE59" box="[547,626,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
long. In
<tableCitation id="A40003115C43FFDAFD6641E7FCEEFE58" box="[724,807,446,472]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[136,224,556,580]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparative table of diagnostic characters for the similar species in Tillandsia subg. Allardtia that resemble T." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BDFD66225C43FFDAFF3A4275FED0FDE7" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" tableUuid="BDFD66225C43FFDAFF3A4275FED0FDE7">Table 1</tableCitation>
the main similarities and differences among these species are compared.
</paragraph>
<caption id="BDFD66225C43FFDAFF3A4275FED0FDE7" ID-Table-UUID="BDFD66225C43FFDAFF3A4275FED0FDE7" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BDFD66225C43FFDAFF3A4275FED0FDE7" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" startId="7.[136,224,556,580]" targetBox="[144,1432,645,1494]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="7" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C43FFDAFF3A4275FED0FDE7" blockId="7.[136,1452,556,616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFF3A4275FF35FDC4" bold="true" box="[136,252,556,580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Comparative table of diagnostic characters for the similar species in
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFC554275FB30FDC4" box="[999,1273,556,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Allardtia">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFC554275FB9BFDC4" box="[999,1106,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Tillandsia</emphasis>
subg.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFB284275FB30FDC4" box="[1178,1273,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Allardtia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that resemble
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFA2A4274FEDBFDE8" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
T.
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFF3A4209FEDBFDE8" box="[136,274,592,616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C43FFDAFF2242EDFAFCFA56" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<table id="9B82C40A5C430022FF2242DCFA51FA56" box="[144,1432,645,1494]" gridcols="7" gridrows="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<tr id="57B234E85C430022FF2242DCFA51FC9E" box="[144,1432,645,798]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<th id="14635D945C430022FF2242DCFEF7FC9E" box="[144,318,645,798]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFF2242EDFF61FC9D" bold="true" box="[144,168,692,797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Character</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="14635D945C430022FEE542DCFE2EFC9E" box="[343,487,645,798]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFEE54356FEA7FC85" box="[343,366,645,798]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFEE54356FEA7FC85" bold="true" box="[343,366,645,798]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="14635D945C430022FDA642DCFDBAFC9E" box="[532,627,645,798]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFDA64356FDE2FC85" authorityName="Gilmartin" authorityYear="1968" box="[532,555,648,798]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevicapsula">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFDA64356FDE2FC85" bold="true" box="[532,555,648,798]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. brevicapsula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="14635D945C430022FD7E42DCFC85FC9E" box="[716,844,645,798]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFD7E4356FD2AFC85" authorityName="Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[716,739,682,798]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigera">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFD7E4356FD2AFC85" bold="true" box="[716,739,682,798]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. clavigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="14635D945C430022FC3042DCFC31FC9E" box="[898,1016,645,798]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFC304356FC50FC85" authorityName="Grisebach" authorityYear="1864" box="[898,921,696,798]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fendleri">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFC304356FC50FC85" bold="true" box="[898,921,696,798]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. fendleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="14635D945C430022FBF142DCFB67FC9E" box="[1091,1198,645,798]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFBF14356FB93FC85" authorityName="Till &amp; Grant" authorityYear="2003" box="[1091,1114,686,798]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="francisci">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFBF14356FB93FC85" bold="true" box="[1091,1114,686,798]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. francisci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="14635D945C430022FB4A42DCFA51FC9E" box="[1272,1432,645,798]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFB4A4356FAC6FC85" bold="true" box="[1272,1295,660,798]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. nervisepala</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="57B234E85C430022FF224319FA51FCFA" box="[144,1432,832,890]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<th id="14635D945C430022FF224319FEF7FCFA" box="[144,318,832,890]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Blade shape</th>
<td id="14635D945C430022FEE54319FE2EFCFA" box="[343,487,832,890]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">long-triangular</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FDA64319FDBAFCFA" box="[532,627,832,890]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">lingulate</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FD7E4319FC85FCFA" box="[716,844,832,890]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">lingulate</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FC304319FC31FCFA" box="[898,1016,832,890]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Lingulate, triangular</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FBF14319FB67FCFA" box="[1091,1198,832,890]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">triangular</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FB4A4319FA51FCFA" box="[1272,1432,832,890]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">lingulate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="57B234E85C430022FF2243FBFA51FC5C" box="[144,1432,930,988]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<th id="14635D945C430022FF2243FBFEF7FC5C" box="[144,318,930,988]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
Primary bracts
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFE9043FAFEFFFC38" box="[290,310,931,952]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
. branch stipe
</th>
<td id="14635D945C430022FEE543FBFE2EFC5C" box="[343,487,930,988]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">shorter</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FDA643FBFDBAFC5C" box="[532,627,930,988]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">shorter</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FD7E43FBFC85FC5C" box="[716,844,930,988]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">longer</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FC3043FBFC31FC5C" box="[898,1016,930,988]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">longer</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FBF143FBFB67FC5C" box="[1091,1198,930,988]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">longer</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FB4A43FBFA51FC5C" box="[1272,1432,930,988]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">shorter</td>
</tr>
<tr id="57B234E85C430022FF22445DFA51FBBE" box="[144,1432,1028,1086]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<th id="14635D945C430022FF22445DFEF7FBBE" box="[144,318,1028,1086]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Branch direction</th>
<td id="14635D945C430022FEE5445DFE2EFBBE" box="[343,487,1028,1086]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">reflexed</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FDA6445DFDBAFBBE" box="[532,627,1028,1086]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">reflexed</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FD7E445DFC85FBBE" box="[716,844,1028,1086]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">reflexed</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FC30445DFC31FBBE" box="[898,1016,1028,1086]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">spreading to recurved</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FBF1445DFB67FBBE" box="[1091,1198,1028,1086]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">reflexed</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FB4A445DFA51FBBE" box="[1272,1432,1028,1086]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">reflexed</td>
</tr>
<tr id="57B234E85C430022FF22443FFA51FBFC" box="[144,1432,1126,1148]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<th id="14635D945C430022FF22443FFEF7FBFC" box="[144,318,1126,1148]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">branch length</th>
<td id="14635D945C430022FEE5443FFE2EFBFC" box="[343,487,1126,1148]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">8.3–36 cm</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FDA6443FFDBAFBFC" box="[532,627,1126,1148]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">20–22 cm</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FD7E443FFC85FBFC" box="[716,844,1126,1148]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">ca. 30–55 cm</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FC30443FFC31FBFC" box="[898,1016,1126,1148]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">10–30 cm</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FBF1443FFB67FBFC" box="[1091,1198,1126,1148]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">18-20 cm</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FB4A443FFA51FBFC" box="[1272,1432,1126,1148]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">20–22 cm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="57B234E85C430022FF2244FDFA51FB3A" box="[144,1432,1188,1210]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<th id="14635D945C430022FF2244FDFEF7FB3A" box="[144,318,1188,1210]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Sepal apex</th>
<td id="14635D945C430022FEE544FDFE2EFB3A" box="[343,487,1188,1210]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">acute</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FDA644FDFDBAFB3A" box="[532,627,1188,1210]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">obtuse</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FD7E44FDFC85FB3A" box="[716,844,1188,1210]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">acute</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FC3044FDFC31FB3A" box="[898,1016,1188,1210]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">acute</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FBF144FDFB67FB3A" box="[1091,1198,1188,1210]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">acute</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FB4A44FDFA51FB3A" box="[1272,1432,1188,1210]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">rounded</td>
</tr>
<tr id="57B234E85C430022FF2244BBFA51FB78" box="[144,1432,1250,1272]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<th id="14635D945C430022FF2244BBFEF7FB78" box="[144,318,1250,1272]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Sepal length</th>
<td id="14635D945C430022FEE544BBFE2EFB78" box="[343,487,1250,1272]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">4.4–5.3 cm</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FDA644BBFDBAFB78" box="[532,627,1250,1272]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">2 cm</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FD7E44BBFC85FB78" box="[716,844,1250,1272]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">2.8–3.0 cm</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FC3044BBFC31FB78" box="[898,1016,1250,1272]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">2.5–4.5 cm</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FBF144BBFB67FB78" box="[1091,1198,1250,1272]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">3.8–4.2 cm</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FB4A44BBFA51FB78" box="[1272,1432,1250,1272]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">2 cm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="57B234E85C430022FF224579FA51FAB6" box="[144,1432,1312,1334]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<th id="14635D945C430022FF224579FEF7FAB6" box="[144,318,1312,1334]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Sepal keel</th>
<td id="14635D945C430022FEE54579FE2EFAB6" box="[343,487,1312,1334]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">ecarinate</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FDA64579FDBAFAB6" box="[532,627,1312,1334]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">carinate</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FD7E4579FC85FAB6" box="[716,844,1312,1334]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">carinate</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FC304579FC31FAB6" box="[898,1016,1312,1334]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">carinate</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FBF14579FB67FAB6" box="[1091,1198,1312,1334]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">carinate</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FB4A4579FA51FAB6" box="[1272,1432,1312,1334]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">carinate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="57B234E85C430022FF224507FA51FAF4" box="[144,1432,1374,1396]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<th id="14635D945C430022FF224507FEF7FAF4" box="[144,318,1374,1396]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Petal appendages</th>
<td id="14635D945C430022FEE54507FE2EFAF4" box="[343,487,1374,1396]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">present</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FDA64507FDBAFAF4" box="[532,627,1374,1396]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">absent</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FD7E4507FC85FAF4" box="[716,844,1374,1396]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">absent</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FC304507FC31FAF4" box="[898,1016,1374,1396]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">absent</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FBF14507FB67FAF4" box="[1091,1198,1374,1396]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">absent</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FB4A4507FA51FAF4" box="[1272,1432,1374,1396]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">unknown</td>
</tr>
<tr id="57B234E85C430022FF2245C5FA51FA56" box="[144,1432,1436,1494]" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
<th id="14635D945C430022FF2245C5FEF7FA56" box="[144,318,1436,1494]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
Capsule
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFF5145C4FF37FA32" box="[227,254,1437,1458]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs.</emphasis>
sepals
</th>
<td id="14635D945C430022FEE545C5FE2EFA56" box="[343,487,1436,1494]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">more than two times longer</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FDA645C5FDBAFA56" box="[532,627,1436,1494]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">equaling</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FD7E45C5FC85FA56" box="[716,844,1436,1494]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">shorter</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FC3045C5FC31FA56" box="[898,1016,1436,1494]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">shorter to equaling</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FBF145C5FB67FA56" box="[1091,1198,1436,1494]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">shorter</td>
<td id="14635D945C430022FB4A45C5FA51FA56" box="[1272,1432,1436,1494]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">nearly two times longer</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C43FFDAFF0F4648FE8FF8A7" blockId="7.[136,1452,1553,2083]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
Among this group of similar species,
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFDDD4648FCB3F9AB" box="[623,890,1553,1579]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFDDD4648FCB3F9AB" box="[623,890,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Tillandsia chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique because of its inflorescence (including bracts, sepals and petals) abundantly covered with a resinous substance (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFC0B466FFC19F9CF" box="[953,976,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
. dry surface), ecarinate sepals (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFA87466FFA85F9CF" box="[1333,1356,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
. adaxial sepals carinate), presence of petal appendages (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFD2F4603FD7DF9F3" box="[669,692,1626,1651]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
. absence), and very long capsules (
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C43FFDAFBF04600FB73F9F3" box="[1090,1210,1625,1651]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" unit="cm" value="8.7" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.4">7.4–10 cm</quantity>
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFB734603FB11F9F3" box="[1217,1240,1626,1651]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
. &lt;
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C43FFDAFB454600FA8AF9F3" box="[1271,1347,1625,1652]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" unit="cm" value="5.5">5.5 cm</quantity>
long). In particular,
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFF4D4627FE63F917" box="[255,426,1661,1687]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFF4D4627FE63F917" box="[255,426,1661,1687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
closely resembles the sympatric
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFCA44627FC53F917" authorityName="Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[790,922,1661,1687]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigera">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFCA44627FC53F917" box="[790,922,1661,1687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. clavigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFC664627FBB8F917" box="[980,1137,1661,1687]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nervisepala">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFC664627FBB8F917" box="[980,1137,1661,1687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. nervisepala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="9195763A5C43FFDAFB014624FAD9F917" box="[1203,1296,1661,1687]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
because of its reflexed racemes and long stipe of the branches. However,
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFCA546FBFC0AF93B" box="[791,963,1697,1723]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFCA546FBFC0AF93B" box="[791,963,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFBE746FBFB10F93B" authorityName="Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[1109,1241,1697,1723]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigera">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFBE746FBFB10F93B" box="[1109,1241,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. clavigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFABC46FBFA65F93B" box="[1294,1452,1697,1723]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nervisepala">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFABC46FBFA65F93B" box="[1294,1452,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. nervisepala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its long-triangular leaf blades (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFDBB469FFDE9F95F" box="[521,544,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
. lingulate to sublingulate), strongly nerved (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFBA8469FFBF8F95F" box="[1050,1073,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
. smooth) and longer floral bracts (
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C43FFDAFF2246B0FF34F883" box="[144,253,1769,1796]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" unit="cm" value="4.6" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="4.0">4–5.2 cm</quantity>
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFEB546B3FED7F883" box="[263,286,1770,1795]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C43FFDAFE8246B0FE79F883" box="[304,432,1769,1796]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" unit="cm" value="3.1" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.7">2.7–3.5 cm</quantity>
long), and longer sepals (
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C43FFDAFD5046B0FCACF883" box="[738,869,1769,1796]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" unit="cm" value="4.9" valueMax="5.4" valueMin="4.4">4.4–5.4 cm</quantity>
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFCDD46B3FC4FF883" box="[879,902,1770,1795]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C43FFDAFC2A46B0FC27F883" box="[920,1006,1769,1795]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 cm</quantity>
long), in addition to other differences explained above.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E93D36AA5C43FFD5FF0F4768FC36FF5C" blockId="7.[136,1452,1553,2083]" lastBlockId="8.[136,1451,158,221]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="270" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">
Finally, the artificial key of
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C43FFDAFE4E4768FCCEF8CB" author="Smith, L. B. &amp; Downs, R. J." box="[508,775,1841,1867]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" pagination="663 - 1492" refId="ref6836" refString="Smith, L. B. &amp; Downs, R. J. (1977) Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae). In: Flora Neotropica Monograph, vol. 14. Hafner Press, New York, pp. 663 - 1492." type="book chapter" year="1977">Smith &amp; Downs (1977)</bibRefCitation>
suggests a possible affinity of
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFBDA4768FABBF8CB" box="[1128,1394,1841,1867]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFBDA4768FABBF8CB" box="[1128,1394,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Tillandsia chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFF3A470FFE1FF8F0" authority="Smith (1963: 251)" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="251" authorityYear="1963" box="[136,470,1877,1904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carnosa">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFF3A470FFF37F8EF" box="[136,254,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. carnosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D134B5B5C43FFDAFEB7470CFE1FF8F0" author="Smith, L. B." box="[261,470,1877,1904]" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" pagination="242 - 261" refId="ref6792" refString="Smith, L. B. (1963) Notes on Bromeliaceae, XX. Phytologia 9: 242 - 261." type="journal article" year="1963">Smith (1963: 251)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. According to the main
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFD50470CFC9BF8EF" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[738,850,1877,1903]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFD50470CFC9BF8EF" box="[738,850,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">Tillandsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
key, narrow triangular leaf blades, the primary bracts shorter than the axillary branches of the inflorescence and the dense distichously flowered spikes, lead to Subkey IX. Within this subkey,
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFEDB47C7FDDEF837" box="[361,535,1949,1975]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFEDB47C7FDDEF837" box="[361,535,1949,1975]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
keys out to
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFD1147C7FCD0F837" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1963" box="[675,793,1950,1975]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carnosa">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFD1147C7FCD0F837" box="[675,793,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T. carnosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of its ecarinate sepals and floral bracts 4–6 times longer than the internodes of the rachis.Nevertheless,
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFD61479BFCB5F85B" box="[723,892,1985,2011]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chingacensis">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFD61479BFCB5F85B" box="[723,892,1985,2011]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T.chingacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mainly differs from
<taxonomicName id="2E824D295C43FFDAFBEB479BFB05F85B" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1963" box="[1113,1228,1986,2011]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Tillandsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carnosa">
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFBEB479BFB05F85B" box="[1113,1228,1986,2011]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">T.carnosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its inflorescence, bracts, sepals and petals abundantly covered with a resinous substance (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFC1547BFFC77F87F" box="[935,958,2022,2047]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
. dry surface), erect inflorescence (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFAF347BFFA91F87F" box="[1345,1368,2022,2047]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
. nutant to pendent), once-branched inflorescence (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFDC44853FD44F7A3" box="[630,653,2058,2083]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
. occasionally twice-branched), floral bracts exposing the calyx (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C43FFDAFA3F4853FA6DF7A3" box="[1421,1444,2058,2083]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="269">vs</emphasis>
. covering the calyx) and coriaceous sepals (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C4CFFD5FDC240C6FD4EFF38" box="[624,647,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="270">vs</emphasis>
. fleshy), longer than
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C4CFFD5FCC940C7FC02FF39" box="[891,971,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="270" unit="mm" value="44.0">44 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C4CFFD5FC6E40C6FC3AFF38" box="[988,1011,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="270">vs</emphasis>
. up to
<quantity id="2E7A9B4F5C4CFFD5FBF740C7FB50FF38" box="[1093,1177,158,184]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="270" unit="mm" value="42.0">42 mm</quantity>
), petals appendaged (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C4CFFD5FA3F40C6FA6DFF38" box="[1421,1444,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="270">vs</emphasis>
. naked), and stamens included in the corolla (
<emphasis id="DBF6EAB85C4CFFD5FDCC409AFD5CFF5C" box="[638,661,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="270">vs</emphasis>
. slightly exceeding the corolla).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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