195 lines
25 KiB
XML
195 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="897C6C3611F7BB58A171208C412B88AF" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="415c1b69-8daf-4aa9-bcb2-d4500f039da8" ModsDocID="z00642p001" checkinTime="1246969664912" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Wilson J. E. M. Costa" docDate="2004" docId="D30AE79DAE4EBF1A05D57F1E90EBCDD4" docLanguage="en" docName="2004_Costa3_gg1.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 642" docSource="http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:81ACF323-128F-4DED-B639-B6F15F650BB5" docTitle="Prorivulus auriferus Costa, 2004, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="0E396959-B6C7-4D6B-9599-256CE407679F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="8FA44333ACAA3B1A9FEC8511E76C6D63" masterDocTitle="A new killifish genus and species from the coastal plains of northeastern Brazil (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)." masterLastPageNumber="10" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1701325207661" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="5E995C550E3335CB976FA5E2C63474D8">A new killifish genus and species from the coastal plains of northeastern Brazil (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae).</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="39221B25B433F4D473B24B23BCDE7C9D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="BCEB3D20EEBBC1AD33F964115E363F27">Wilson J. E. M. Costa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D09F7384D3BB518D79BC207D76DAAC85">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7064A6160AB8A58F66729FF570EA4FAA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="53254606EF54E23A6ED8AE3DDECC9253">
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<mods:date id="7C5326B9DBF7276C3D0A4E726EB2F947">2004</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8A8BF38814B0FA6FD0B53DFFB6B6C499">642</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="CA96BD35BD17ECF1C8DC0B0408AC5FE7">1</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="A77F60BE20B402BF4083AED180EC6C73">http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:81ACF323-128F-4DED-B639-B6F15F650BB5</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="77B17C8EA594C577E735D5D12FE3B217">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6CE0352F5AC48400074BC43CD354A790" type="Plazi-Custom">z00642p001</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E0505F4ADB72BEC1E2B7E290092E35F7" type="ZooBank">81ACF323-128F-4DED-B639-B6F15F650BB5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D30AE79DAE4EBF1A05D57F1E90EBCDD4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6270710" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100124792" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6270710" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0E396959-B6C7-4D6B-9599-256CE407679F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D30AE79DAE4EBF1A05D57F1E90EBCDD4" lastPageNumber="7" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="CD9C7E8CA8E11F5262CEE4EFCB7F6610" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DE2A681CDDA2463ECC6C6B63C10D3ADE" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="B92036E52A25691258D10CED1ED15873" ID-CoL="6VXFT" family="Rivulidae" genus="Prorivulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auriferus">Prorivulus auriferus Costa, Lima & Suzart</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="15FA67B46E88C894076CBF4DAADF04FE" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C200B4C107172A470AD864770C7FC81D" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2A80EF8640AA2D6284AE008DB1CA74A5" pageNumber="3">(Figs. 1-2)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="237B2E1DDCB618A7184AA1EC876D71B8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EFC1593CFA0FFE05F982A84F77AEC03A" pageNumber="3">
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<materialsCitation id="7176FEE541D80CDEF2784B143608B74B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923892849" collectingDate="2003-06-28" collectionCode="UFRJ, UTM" collectorName="A. O. Lima & R. R. Suzart" country="Brazil" location="Valenca" specimenCode="UFRJ 5932, 24 L 0503477, UTM 8505050" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Estado da Bahia" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="3FC7184962706524C38E4EF6D51A1230">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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<specimenCode id="821F1C6C012934DDDEB1BB28FA012E0C">UFRJ 5932</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCount id="30475DD165CCAB5F3E710ACED112E9A8" type="male">male</specimenCount>
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, 30.3 mm SL;
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<collectingCountry id="CD8B5863FA419C1571071F020D5AC5B5">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="8A8D86F887ADAC054806ACE045FEF450">Estado da Bahia</collectingRegion>
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:
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<normalizedToken id="CF8767BDF765510F5C565804E59C798F" originalValue="Valença">
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<location id="0A1FE750BB996D55F4C499BA39C37E00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D30AE79DAE4EBF1A05D57F1E90EBCDD4:0A1FE750BB996D55F4C499BA39C37E00" country="Brazil" name="Valenca" stateProvince="Estado da Bahia">Valenca</location>
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</normalizedToken>
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, coastal stream (
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<specimenCode id="CE49785A2F78435A080BADF5C9B7734D">24L 0503477</specimenCode>
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<specimenCode id="3040CD8CBA5233EB4A34EE68D3A69BAE">UTM 8505050</specimenCode>
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);
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<collectorName id="85852EFC83F374803CD0D9306A02DDE8">A. O. Lima & R. R. Suzart</collectorName>
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,
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<date id="07FA6CFD8C42C32FC39B2D90AE68D0A2" day="28" month="06" value="2003-06-28" year="2003">
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<collectingDate id="EAE4F1872ACD69BCA50D6DD24B179193" day="28" month="06" value="2003-06-28" year="2003">28 June 2003</collectingDate>
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</date>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A6CD4BF246A4D4C6A91E6389973C4B5" country="Brazil" pageNumber="3">
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<materialsCitation id="30B103328D8A806F7E80CDFB903DDE50" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923892848" collectionCode="UFRJ" country="Brazil" specimenCode="UFRJ 5933" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-juvenile="3" stateProvince="Estado da Bahia" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="894F6972B9F80A0B3B934D5FC52A4EEE">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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<specimenCode id="7863DFAECC0E52DAC1E86D956AFDEA32">UFRJ 5933</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCount id="EFEA2F995A2F0AE759CBF8603ADFE114" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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, 22.9 mm SL, and
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<specimenCount id="9EB853392DF55E5E515C0B4945E93E6E" type="juvenile">3 juveniles</specimenCount>
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, 13.1-15.5 mm SL
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="E4198BC81DF9A96A3EB1122C58032D9A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923892850" collectingDate="2003-06-28" collectionCode="UFRJ" collectorName="A. O. Lima & R. R. Suzart" country="Brazil" location="Valenca" specimenCode="UFRJ 5934" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-juvenile="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Estado da Bahia">
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<specimenCode id="FBCD2B562CB2DD81F9F24AD69F3F5588">UFRJ 5934</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCount id="BA519A423A0ECECA9D912EA9E66399A6" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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, 28.5 mm SL, and
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<specimenCount id="538F24D9785CAD69415A5DBB6046CCCE" type="juvenile">2 juveniles</specimenCount>
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, 17.0-18.3 mm SL (c&s); collected with holotype
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="29F91D5E56B8C956245F6B4FD33A7EAD" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="998952F3B76253D1D0D2685D788E1338" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis: As for the genus.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A0B10EF75E3DB730E364CCA792A842F0" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8D1A556F8FDC41567B67A83E918ED3A9" lastPageNumber="4" pageNumber="3">Description: Morphometric data given in Table 1. Male larger than female, largest male 30.3 mm SL. Dorsal profile slightly convex from snout to end of dorsal-fin base, approximately straight on caudal peduncle. Ventral profile convex on head, almost straight from anterior portion of venter to end of anal-fin base, nearly straight to slightly concave on caudal peduncle. Body slender, subcylindrical anteriorly, slightly deeper than wide, to compressed posteriorly. Greatest body depth at level of pelvic-fin base.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A0C532F0B3436C02E26AF8AF0985682C" pageNumber="4">Dorsal and anal fins rounded. Caudal fin oval. Pectoral fin rounded, posterior margin on vertical through pelvic-fin base in male, just anterior to it in female. Tip of pelvic fin reaching between base of 2nd and 3rd anal-fin ray in male, and urogenital opening in female. Pelvic-fin bases in close proximity. Dorsal-fin origin on vertical through base of 8th or 9th anal-fin ray, and between neural spines of 19th and 21st vertebra. Anal-fin origin between pleural ribs of 13th and 15th vertebra. Dorsal-fin rays 9-10; anal-fin rays 14- 15; caudal-fin rays 32-33; pectoral-fin rays 13; pelvic-fin rays 7.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D9CF23395446C319AE933CC1DFA5FC4A" lastPageNumber="5" pageNumber="4">Scales large, cycloid. Body and head entirely scaled, except anterior ventral surface of head. Few scales on caudal-fin base; no scales on dorsal and anal fins. Frontal squamation E-patterned; E-scales overlapping medially; scales arranged in circular pattern around central A-scale without exposed margins. Longitudinal series of scales 31-33; transverse series of scales 8; scale rows around caudal peduncle 16. Contact organs absent. Supraorbital neuromasts 3 + 3.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="68A68D5DC7A825BC6DE9BC4D1AB7C23C" pageNumber="5">Ventral process of angulo-articular broad. Rostral cartilage longer than wide, width about 65 % of length. Basihyal narrow, subrectangular, greatest width about 30 % of length; basihyal cartilage about 25 % of basihyal length. Interhyal vestigial, not ossified. Five branchiostegal rays. One or two teeth on second pharyngobranchial. First epibranchial straight. Distal process of second epibranchial absent. Uncinate process of third epibranchial long. Gill-rakers of first branchial arch 1 + 8. Two vomerine teeth. Dorsal tip of preopercle with short canal. Dermosphenotic present. Ventral process of posttemporal short. Neural prezygapophyses short, about 10 % of neural spine length in fifth caudal vertebra. Epipleural ribs rod-like. Total vertebrae 31-32.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="59A9E28145E1BF35FF9BB128CD315E58" pageNumber="5">Coloration in life: Male: Side of body light gray with irregular shaped golden blotches below lateral midline, and zigzag dark purplish gray stripe on lateral midline overlapped by oblique bars of same color scattered over flank. Dorsum light yellowish brown, venter light yellow. Postorbital pale brown, golden on ventral portion of opercle.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="374E2C3591A254B70032BE21CD77BE22" pageNumber="6">Infraorbital region and ventral surface of head light yellow. Lower jaw dark brown. Iris light yellow. Dorsal fin hyaline with pale gray dots and narrow yellow distal margin. Anal fin yellow with narrow black margin, light blue on base. Caudal fin light blue with pale yellow dots and dark gray distal margin. Pelvic fin yellow. Pectoral fin yellowish hyaline.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A9A717577F09C4F5EDB76110314707A2" pageNumber="6">Female: Side of body light gray with zigzag dark gray to black stripe on lateral midline. Dorsum light brown, venter light gray. No distinctive black spot on posterior portion of caudal peduncle nor on caudal-fin base. Postorbital region with black stripe, pale golden on ventral portion of opercle. Infraorbital region and ventral surface of head light gray. Lower jaw dark gray to black. Iris light yellow. Dorsal and anal fins pale yellow with transverse rows of small dark gray spots; distal margin of anal fin black. Caudal fin light yellow with narrow dark gray bars. Paired fins hyaline.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="586BC891F088D68BE8D94D01C15B5E1E" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="946D07681E81B23637F7D969DA3F7920" pageNumber="6">
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Distribution: Known only from the type locality, a coastal plain brook in the
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<normalizedToken id="8D858CE13E9BA5EBF125F3766F5C4ACC" originalValue="Municí-">Municipio</normalizedToken>
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de
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<normalizedToken id="19F382B7DFBE0DB8702D3E6F25383293" originalValue="Valença">Valenca</normalizedToken>
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, northeastern Brazil.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="542D80298FD47F7F7D73502DB7E67936" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="942B9159A02E96804ADC36A422AB131B" pageNumber="6">
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Habitat notes: The type series was collected in a shallow (about 40 cm deep), small freshwater brook within a forest, near a salt water canal. It is situated in a coastal region, with a net of canals forming a series of small islands. The water was reddish brown, acid (pH 4.0), not turbid. The only other fish species found was the characid
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<taxonomicName id="8921163D1DAAFBBDABA2B37D3DDCE5F8" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7D5DF389-4370-4766-AF68-1385AFF04CE4" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Hyphessobrycon itaparicensis Lima & Costa 2001:234" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itaparicensis">Hyphessobrycon cf. itaparicensis Lima & Costa</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="78AC862B5183882D2C1CDACDC7EC0ED3" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="E87A64F45FDD9DC4EE7F01D60EA8E553" pageNumber="6">Etymology: From the Latin auriferus (auriferous), referring to the male color pattern consisting of golden spots on the flank.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="375DF691D8FE145371892AE7ADB9B968" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="EAD87E6952415735A62D5B4317408847" pageNumber="6">Discussion</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B61D172A5BB990D7F9298827DBC325B7" pageNumber="6">
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Five synapomorphies listed by
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<bibRefCitation id="0725251F0F9C1D3DB003EBF91F2375FA" author="Costa, W. J. E. M." journalOrPublisher="Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters" pageNumber="9" pagination="105 - 120" part="15" title="Relationships and redescription of Fundulus brasiliensis (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae), with description of a new genus and notes on the classification of the Aplocheiloidei" type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="a">Costa (2004a)</bibRefCitation>
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for the group including
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<taxonomicName id="7F8570326788010F359207DFE63396B4" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7737CC47-FB47-4DAF-87C2-18950BAD40FA" family="Rivulidae" genus="Rivulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Rivulus Poey 1860:307" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rivulus</taxonomicName>
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and the clade comprising all annual rivulids, are not present in
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<taxonomicName id="E970FD9177EFDB486558B3EF21399A65" family="Rivulidae" genus="Prorivulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auriferus">P. auriferus</taxonomicName>
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: E-scales not overlapped (Fig. 3A; reversed in the clade comprising
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<taxonomicName id="23A6679AA90B498514BB29523AB09E6A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BD08FA7B-788B-4285-9548-0F120F97465D" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Simpsonichthys Carvalho 1959:2" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Simpsonichthys</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="0A254710EB4A71369DB3D3CA7A509B78" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4ECB6721-F186-470F-BF8F-5495ADE351AB" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Cynolebias Steindachner 1876:172" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Cynolebias</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="D6627ADC839496DD604DB149E095974C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:88823811-072D-4E95-AB68-11E30A796DE0" family="Rivulidae" genus="Megalebias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Megalebias Costa 1998:76" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Megalebias</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="E803A45F2628BD910CFEFA6602CFC8F3" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AA9F26E7-8843-4CAD-8100-4C06857E5AA4" family="Rivulidae" genus="Austrolebias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Austrolebias Costa 1998:75" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Austrolebias</taxonomicName>
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), shortened uncinate process of the third epibranchial (Fig. 4D; unambiguous), articular face of the distal edge of the first hypobranchial anteriorly expanded (Fig. 4F; unambiguous), ventral process of the angulo-articular narrowed (Fig. 4H; unambiguous), and posterior flange of the cleithrum absent (Fig. 4J; unambiguous). These synapomorphies support the monophyly of the group comprising
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<taxonomicName id="6A0B975AC12A5F4765E81CF159729C63" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7737CC47-FB47-4DAF-87C2-18950BAD40FA" family="Rivulidae" genus="Rivulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Rivulus Poey 1860:307" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rivulus</taxonomicName>
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and the annual fish clade (Fig. 5).
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<taxonomicName id="D974CA5D4BE91AFF1C14B58EF595126E" family="Rivulidae" genus="Prorivulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auriferus">Prorivulus auriferus</taxonomicName>
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present the plesiomorphic conditions for these characters, as occurring in
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<taxonomicName id="B24A14DC2FD775B7AD9A7570D29C39FE" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:94FD1A9A-96E4-4EFE-820B-1313C8AB57F6" family="Rivulidae" genus="Kryptolebias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Kryptolebias Costa 2004" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Kryptolebias</taxonomicName>
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and in aplocheiloids non-rivulids (i. e., nothobranchids and aplocheilids): E-scales overlapped (Fig. 3B), uncinate process of the third epibranchial long (Fig. 4C), articular face of the distal edge of the first hypobranchial not anteriorly expanded (Fig.
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<geoCoordinate id="5374D053AE2D68807C90CECE94D02A97" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="4.0">4E</geoCoordinate>
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), ventral process of the angulo-articular broad (Fig. 4G), and posterior flange of the cleithrum present (Fig.
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<date id="83C031FD95621F30AEB2649967B73F3B" day="04" month="01">4I</date>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C82B47C820360B3A69CB21223929BFB2" lastPageNumber="7" pageNumber="6">
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Two synapomorphies listed by
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<bibRefCitation id="C9956C4D8E69149D8814EB3B40F0592E" author="Costa, W. J. E. M." journalOrPublisher="Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters" pageNumber="9" pagination="105 - 120" part="15" title="Relationships and redescription of Fundulus brasiliensis (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae), with description of a new genus and notes on the classification of the Aplocheiloidei" type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="a">Costa (2004a)</bibRefCitation>
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support monophyly of the group comprising
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<taxonomicName id="0F476DC77576CBC0003E1563E82DD0C6" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F529EA97-6B29-4000-8107-85555FB2973E" family="Rivulidae" genus="Prorivulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Prorivulus Costa 2004:3" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Prorivulus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="DAD0BFF8614D23643FE2FF17F93FCE52" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7737CC47-FB47-4DAF-87C2-18950BAD40FA" family="Rivulidae" genus="Rivulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Rivulus Poey 1860:307" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rivulus</taxonomicName>
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and the annual fish clade (Fig. 5): unossified interhyal (unambiguous) and absence of the distal process of the second epibranchial (Fig. 4B; unambiguous). In
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<taxonomicName id="D5D89C55907C286DEAF0B350B5178DDD" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:94FD1A9A-96E4-4EFE-820B-1313C8AB57F6" family="Rivulidae" genus="Kryptolebias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Kryptolebias Costa 2004" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Kryptolebias</taxonomicName>
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and in aplocheiloids non-rivulids the interhyal is ossified and there is a conspicuous distal process on the second epibranchial (Fig. 4A).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3BAC0A9C0F4C2D68C4E95468CD472445" pageNumber="7">
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The presence of five branchiostegal rays in
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<taxonomicName id="14A19CD585C0541C3F71312AB02777F7" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F529EA97-6B29-4000-8107-85555FB2973E" family="Rivulidae" genus="Prorivulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Prorivulus Costa 2004:3" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Prorivulus</taxonomicName>
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is interpreted as autapomorphic. Other aplocheiloids have six branchiostegal rays, except the cynolebiatine
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<taxonomicName id="7C51B86D2077FE4E6B2E0B18EBF01780" family="Rivulidae" genus="Megalebias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wolterstorffi">M. wolterstorffi (Ahl)</taxonomicName>
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with eight rays, the Plesiolebiatini genus
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<taxonomicName id="364B94DEBB4739581192B0C1D6131170" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C4B36824-2379-45D5-B023-5869C055E393" family="Rivulidae" genus="Stenolebias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Stenolebias Costa 1995:70" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Stenolebias</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="16427CF0228681991CA11928EBB9CA90" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3F82970E-059D-4190-BBBB-3CEAA8DF4B99" family="Rivulidae" genus="Rivulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Rivulus romeri Costa 2003:176" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romeri">Rivulus romeri</taxonomicName>
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also with five rays (
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<bibRefCitation id="FBBBAB63193FD0BC69EF3B6AD7F7F2DB" author="Costa, W. J. E. M." journalOrPublisher="Journal of Comparative Biology" pageNumber="9" pagination="33 - 92" part="3" title="Phylogeny and classification of Rivulidae revisited: evolution of annualism and miniaturization in rivulid fishes (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheiloidei)" type="journal article" year="1998">Costa, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A1774F10CE5AA03C8700D6F6F3960591" author="Costa, W. J. E. M." journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Museu Nacional Rio de Janeiro" pageNumber="9" pagination="175 - 178" part="61" title="A new miniature rivuline fish from the upper Negro river basin, northern Brazil (Teleostei, Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae)" type="journal article" year="2003" yearSuffix="b">2003b</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="00A11F8E800E7AB2B1A06D45A0830F6D" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C4B36824-2379-45D5-B023-5869C055E393" family="Rivulidae" genus="Stenolebias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Stenolebias Costa 1995:70" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Stenolebias</taxonomicName>
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is an annual fish genus, member of the Plesiolebiatini clade, which includes other genera with six rays (
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<bibRefCitation id="BD79BB5CB67AFA2D7C001673B77EAE1A" author="Costa, W. J. E. M." journalOrPublisher="Journal of Comparative Biology" pageNumber="9" pagination="33 - 92" part="3" title="Phylogeny and classification of Rivulidae revisited: evolution of annualism and miniaturization in rivulid fishes (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheiloidei)" type="journal article" year="1998">Costa, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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), and
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<taxonomicName id="88A1FD2C48EE799FA3C4AC929076DE35" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3F82970E-059D-4190-BBBB-3CEAA8DF4B99" family="Rivulidae" genus="Rivulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Rivulus romeri Costa 2003:176" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romeri">R. romeri</taxonomicName>
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is a member of the
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<taxonomicName id="70C53EC340D3FD9C23CCD9B84A1CA5EE" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3449F866-C045-4154-92A0-F9A956507FD5" family="Rivulidae" genus="Rivulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Rivulus atratus Garman 1895:140" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atratus">Rivulus atratus species group</taxonomicName>
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, which also includes several species with 6 rays (
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<bibRefCitation id="59650B0E71367F8C138C5CC5B7981BE8" author="Costa, W. J. E. M." journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 12" part="465" title="Rivulus uakti sp. n. and R. amanapira sp. n. (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae): two new species from the upper Rio Negro, Brazilian Amazon" type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="b">Costa, 2004b</bibRefCitation>
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). Therefore, reduction to five branchiostegal rays is considered a homoplastic condition, occurring in three distinct rivulid lineages.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |