275 lines
24 KiB
XML
275 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3792360" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5d8055c6-d033-477b-afcf-38cfa42db86c" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163748959" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3792360" ID-ZooBank="501A13AC-AE9E-4C59-9D86-9E7B45CA15E7" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0C3824FD-E817-4FA0-9A40-488521E6013B" approvalRequired="4" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="4" checkinTime="1587965943886" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Walsh, J." docDate="2009" docId="491DB818FFB1FFE2FF56FD34FBB3ECC7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_1983.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 9 (9)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@52c7884c" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Lithophane leeae Walsh 2009, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="0C3824FD-E817-4FA0-9A40-488521E6013B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="B524C060FFB0FFE1FFDAFFA7FF8AEF63" masterDocTitle="Lithophane leeae (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Xyleninae), a striking new species from southeastern Arizona" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="21" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1643567971778" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Lithophane leeae (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Xyleninae), a striking new species from southeastern Arizona</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Walsh, J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Arizona, Tucson, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2009-05-12</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>9</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>9</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>21</mods:start>
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<mods:end>26</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.9.184</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">5d8055c6-d033-477b-afcf-38cfa42db86c</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576449</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">501A13AC-AE9E-4C59-9D86-9E7B45CA15E7</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3792360" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163748959" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3792360" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0C3824FD-E817-4FA0-9A40-488521E6013B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/491DB818FFB1FFE2FF56FD34FBB3ECC7" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection box="[140,501,659,686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[140,958,659,756]" box="[140,501,659,686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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||
<heading box="[140,501,659,686]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,501,659,686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName authority="Walsh" authorityName="Walsh" authorityYear="2009" box="[140,424,659,686]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,341,659,686]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis box="[140,276,659,686]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" reason="1">Lithophane</emphasis>
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leeae
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</emphasis>
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Walsh
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[436,501,659,685]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[140,958,659,756]" box="[140,958,694,721]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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||
<uri box="[140,958,694,721]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid box="[417,958,694,721]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">0C3824FD-E817-4FA0-9A40-488521E6013B</uuid>
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</uri>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[140,958,659,756]" box="[140,244,730,756]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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||
<figureCitation box="[140,244,730,756]" captionStart="Figures 1-3" captionStartId="2.[140,222,1590,1612]" captionTargetBox="[152,1108,180,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[140,1108,162,1573]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1-3. Adults of Lithophane species. 1, 2. L. leeae Walsh, holotype. USA, Arizona, Cochise County, Chiricahua Mountains, Onion Saddle, 7700', 14 June 2007. 3. L. atara (Smith), Canada, B. C., Summerland, 18 November 1994." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3810537/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Figs. 1, 2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[140,1108,800,1672]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,311,800,826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis box="[140,198,800,826]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" reason="1">Type</emphasis>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608822060" collectingDate="2007-06-14" collectorName="B. Walsh & Presently & Bruce Walsh & McGuire Center & Biodiversity. & Barcode" country="United States of America" county="Cochise County" location="Onion Saddle" municipality="Chiricahua Mountains" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[317,430,800,826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<typeStatus box="[317,430,800,826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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female. (
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<figureCitation box="[534,595,800,827]" captionStart="Figures 1-3" captionStartId="2.[140,222,1590,1612]" captionTargetBox="[152,1108,180,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[140,1108,162,1573]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1-3. Adults of Lithophane species. 1, 2. L. leeae Walsh, holotype. USA, Arizona, Cochise County, Chiricahua Mountains, Onion Saddle, 7700', 14 June 2007. 3. L. atara (Smith), Canada, B. C., Summerland, 18 November 1994." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3810537/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Fig.1</figureCitation>
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):
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<collectingCountry box="[615,673,800,826]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[684,775,800,826]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty box="[786,971,800,826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Cochise County</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Chiricahua Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:491DB818FFB1FFE2FF56FD34FBB3ECC7:C46B5FD5FFB1FFE0FECCFCE4FE3DEC3E" box="[278,439,835,861]" country="United States of America" county="Cochise County" municipality="Chiricahua Mountains" name="Onion Saddle" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Arizona">Onion Saddle</location>
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, 7700',
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<date box="[528,684,836,862]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" value="2007-06-14">
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<collectingDate box="[528,684,836,862]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" value="2007-06-14">14 June 2007</collectingDate>
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</date>
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.
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<collectorName box="[695,796,835,862]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">B. Walsh</collectorName>
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leg.
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<collectorName box="[849,951,835,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Presently</collectorName>
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in the private collection of
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<collectorName box="[286,430,871,897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Bruce Walsh</collectorName>
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, to be deposited in the
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<collectorName box="[689,877,871,897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">McGuire Center</collectorName>
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for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[922,1059,871,897]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
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and
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<collectorName box="[140,280,906,932]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Biodiversity.</collectorName>
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DNA sequence in the BOLD
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<collectorName box="[627,718,906,932]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Barcode</collectorName>
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of life data system (
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<bibRefCitation author="Ratnasingham and Hebert" firstAuthor="Ratnasingham" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" pagination="355 - 364" refId="ref2104" refString="Ratnasingham S, Hebert PDN (2007) BOLD: The barcode of life data system. Molecular Ecological Notes 7: 355 - 364." type="journal article" year="2007">Ratnasingham and Hebert 2007</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[140,1108,800,1672]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,320,976,1002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis box="[185,315,976,1002]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" reason="1">Etymology</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Known from a singularly unique female festooned in pink, this species is named after the author’s wife, Lee Fulmer.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[140,1108,800,1672]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,312,1046,1072]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis box="[185,307,1046,1072]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" reason="1">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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While superficially similar to
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<taxonomicName authority="(Smith)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" box="[677,869,1047,1074]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atara">
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<emphasis box="[677,770,1047,1072]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">L. atara</emphasis>
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(Smith)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[889,961,1047,1073]" captionStart="Figures 1-3" captionStartId="2.[140,222,1590,1612]" captionTargetBox="[152,1108,180,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[140,1108,162,1573]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1-3. Adults of Lithophane species. 1, 2. L. leeae Walsh, holotype. USA, Arizona, Cochise County, Chiricahua Mountains, Onion Saddle, 7700', 14 June 2007. 3. L. atara (Smith), Canada, B. C., Summerland, 18 November 1994." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3810537/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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) in maculation,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walsh" authorityYear="2009" box="[202,384,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">
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<emphasis box="[202,384,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Lithophane leeae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the largest known species in the genus
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<emphasis box="[862,993,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1821" box="[862,989,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithophane</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Although
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walsh" authorityYear="2009" box="[140,322,1117,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">
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<emphasis box="[140,322,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Lithophane leeae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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keys out to
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<taxonomicName box="[463,551,1118,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atara">
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<emphasis box="[463,479,1118,1143]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">L</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[494,551,1118,1143]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">atara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the key of
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<bibRefCitation author="Troubridge and Lafontaine" box="[709,1102,1117,1143]" firstAuthor="Troubridge" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" pagination="53 - 62" refId="ref2130" refString="Troubridge JT, Lafontaine JD (2003) A review of the pine-feeding Lithophane lepida species group (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), with descriptions of two new species. Canadian Entomologist 135: 53 - 62." type="journal article" year="2003">Troubridge and Lafontaine (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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, it clearly differs from
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<taxonomicName box="[380,467,1153,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atara">
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<emphasis box="[380,467,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">L. atara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in being a significantly larger species (forewing length
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
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vs.
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<quantity box="[228,353,1188,1214]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="18.0">18-20 mm</quantity>
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), with more extensive and brighter pink on the dorsal surface of the hindwing (
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<figureCitation box="[263,327,1223,1249]" captionStart="Figures 1-3" captionStartId="2.[140,222,1590,1612]" captionTargetBox="[152,1108,180,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[140,1108,162,1573]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1-3. Adults of Lithophane species. 1, 2. L. leeae Walsh, holotype. USA, Arizona, Cochise County, Chiricahua Mountains, Onion Saddle, 7700', 14 June 2007. 3. L. atara (Smith), Canada, B. C., Summerland, 18 November 1994." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3810537/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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) and on both wings on the ventral surface (
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<figureCitation box="[821,889,1223,1249]" captionStart="Figures 1-3" captionStartId="2.[140,222,1590,1612]" captionTargetBox="[152,1108,180,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[140,1108,162,1573]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1-3. Adults of Lithophane species. 1, 2. L. leeae Walsh, holotype. USA, Arizona, Cochise County, Chiricahua Mountains, Onion Saddle, 7700', 14 June 2007. 3. L. atara (Smith), Canada, B. C., Summerland, 18 November 1994." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3810537/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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). While the male is presently undescribed, male specimens should be easily recognized once found given the distinct appearance and barcode of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walsh" authorityYear="2009" box="[583,665,1293,1319]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">
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||
<emphasis box="[583,665,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">L. leeae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[140,1108,800,1672]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,426,1328,1354]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,330,1328,1354]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" reason="1">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Female
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||
</emphasis>
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||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[443,500,1328,1354]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">male</emphasis>
|
||
: unknown). A large species with extensive pink suffusion on the dorsal hind wing and both wings on the ventral surface.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[913,1085,1363,1389]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Dorsal surface</emphasis>
|
||
– forewing ground color gray brown, with a large reniform spot almost touching the orbicular spot. There is a deep zigzag in antemedial (am) and postmedial (pm) lines into median area fold where am and pm lines are connected by a thick black dash. Similar but thinner dashes occur from medial dash to subterminal (st) line, from lower margin of reniform spot to
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[364,435,1539,1566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="line">st line</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and at wing base. Subterminal line deeply zigzagged. Basal two-thirds of hindwing heavily suffused with pink, with a light brown on outer third. Discal lunule prominent and brown.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,742,1609,1636]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Ventral surface</emphasis>
|
||
– ground color heavily suffused with pink on basal two-thirds of both fore- and hindwing. Reniform spot and discal
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810537" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3810537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3810537/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" startId="2.[140,222,1590,1612]" targetBox="[152,1108,180,1549]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,1590,1676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,269,1590,1612]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Figures 1-3.</emphasis>
|
||
Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1821" box="[365,466,1590,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[365,466,1590,1611]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Lithophane</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[545,589,1590,1612]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">1, 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Walsh" authorityName="Walsh" authorityYear="2009" box="[594,725,1590,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[594,660,1590,1612]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">L. leeae</emphasis>
|
||
Walsh
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus box="[735,819,1590,1612]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[827,874,1591,1612]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[883,958,1590,1612]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Cochise County, Chiricahua Mountains, Onion Saddle, 7700',
|
||
<date box="[609,739,1623,1644]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" value="2007-06-14">14 June 2007</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[762,782,1622,1644]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Smith)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" box="[798,954,1622,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atara">
|
||
<emphasis box="[798,871,1623,1644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">L. atara</emphasis>
|
||
(Smith)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[965,1038,1622,1644]" name="Canada" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
, B. C., Summerland,
|
||
<date box="[271,455,1654,1676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" value="1994-11-18">18 November 1994</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767678" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3767678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767678/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" startId="3.[140,212,464,486]" targetBox="[395,870,170,442]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,1107,464,582]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,239,464,486]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
DNA phenogram of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grote" authorityYear="1878" box="[480,642,464,485]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepida">
|
||
<emphasis box="[480,642,464,485]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Lithophane lepida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group, based on the Neighbor-Joining reconstruction method with the Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) algorithm implemented in BOLD (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ratnasingham and Hebert" firstAuthor="Ratnasingham" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" pagination="355 - 364" refId="ref2104" refString="Ratnasingham S, Hebert PDN (2007) BOLD: The barcode of life data system. Molecular Ecological Notes 7: 355 - 364." type="journal article" year="2007">Ratnasingham and Hebert 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Compare with the more extensive phenogram of the entire genus in the preceding paper by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Brou and Lafontaine" box="[226,490,560,582]" firstAuthor="Brou" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" pagination="11 - 20" refId="ref1938" refString="Brou Jr VA, Lafontaine JD (2009) A new species of Lithophane Hbn. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Xyleninae) from southeastern United States. In: Schmidt BC, Lafontaine JD (Eds) Contributions to the Systematics of New World Macro-Moths. ZooKeys 9: 11 - 20. doi: 10.3897 / zookeys. 9.158" type="journal article" year="2009">Brou and Lafontaine (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,1108,659,932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
|
||
lunule dark brown and prominent.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[542,659,659,685]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
– pink lateral tufts of hair at distal end. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[284,371,695,720]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atara">
|
||
<emphasis box="[284,371,695,720]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">L. atara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its much larger size (25.0 versus 18.0 mm forewing length in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atara">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">L. atara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and extensive bright pink suffusion on dorsal hindwing and very extensive pink suffusion on fore- and hindwings ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,1108,659,932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,498,800,826]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,278,800,826]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" reason="1">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
and Distribution.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The only known specimen was collected in mid-June at 7700’ elevation in the Chiricahua Mountains,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[695,787,835,861]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Attracted to mercury-vapor lights. Based on its phylogenetic position and biology of other
|
||
<emphasis box="[850,986,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Lithophanae</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walsh" authorityYear="2009" box="[1001,1083,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lithophane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1001,1083,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">L. leeae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most likely a pine-feeder and probably hibernates as an adult, flying in early spring.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |