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<document id="0A38C688D7D03C94E2335F2E2ADFDE6A" ID-DOI="10.1371/journal.pone.0193745" ID-ISSN="1932-6203" ID-PMC="PMC5874008" ID-PubMed="29590201" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630810" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1719975015210" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kinoshita, Akihiko, Nara, Kazuhide, Sasaki, Hiromi, Feng, Bang, Obase, Keisuke, Yang, Zhu L. &amp; Yamanaka, Takashi" docDate="2018" docId="03E45B6AFFDBFF9A105CF9C3FB94FA99" docLanguage="en" docName="PLoSONE.13.3.e0193745.pdf" docOrigin="PLoS ONE (e 0193745) 13 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745" docStyle="DocumentStyle:55318D21378FF0528C342C9740A1E1BE.2:PLoSONE.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="55318D21378FF0528C342C9740A1E1BE" docStyleName="PLoSONE.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Tuber longispinosum A. Kinosh. 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="FFDD2312FFD3FF911249FF9EFFB2FFF1" masterDocTitle="Using mating-type loci to improve taxonomy of the Tuber indicum complex, and discovery of a new species, T. longispinosum" masterLastPageNumber="21" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1722271294755" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="5226BFD5A6B0A71B7F5C9F19BFB582FA">Using mating-type loci to improve taxonomy of the Tuber indicum complex, and discovery of a new species, T. longispinosum</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4D75C13543A838161F30022CD963D996">Kinoshita, Akihiko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9418B8BE5C33F98049B624141CFB7C39">Nara, Kazuhide</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="53964B8B21AE0DA6BC7CB89B038EF020">Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DE791F3EFC259E443A1E225DE3C57A16">Sasaki, Hiromi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EA34B1F9336F5DF359773DC67745944E">Feng, Bang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D5BF4C69739573FCEC949E5EB6694792">Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DE9657A2C85664311089690AACF55BEC">Obase, Keisuke</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F474347A81EBE5242D2B8D07AC3FD0E9">Department of Mushroom Science and Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8AF39611ADB814AFD7B92353EFA5DE3C">Yang, Zhu L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3FE61D5C18C8867BFE327EA19144BC1F">Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDBFF99105CF9C3FBE6F987" blockId="8.[533,1534,1629,1897]" box="[533,1108,1629,1654]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDBFF99105CF9C3FCC2F987" authority="A. Kinosh." authorityName="A. Kinosh." authorityYear="2018" box="[533,880,1629,1654]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="longispinosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDBFF99105CF9C3FD4BF984" bold="true" box="[533,761,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tuber longispinosum</emphasis>
A. Kinosh.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A8B15FFDBFF99113CF9C0FC75F987" box="[885,967,1630,1654]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="1376F6F9FFDBFF99119FF9C0FBF7F987" box="[982,1093,1630,1654]" captionStart="Fig 6" captionStartId="12.[280,308,1713,1732]" captionTargetBox="[280,1536,209,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-33@12.[280,1536,208,1691]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig 6. Tuber longispinosum photographs (holotype, TFM: S17009). A. Dried ascomata (bar = 1 cm). B. Fruit bodies photographed in the field.C. Peridial warts, (bar = 3 mm). D. Asci and ascospores (bar = 30 μm). E. Ascospore (bar = 10 μm). F. Peridium in cross section (bar = 50 μm). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g006" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630822/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig 6A6F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDBFF991610F9C0FDC3F968" blockId="8.[533,1534,1629,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
[urn:lsid:mycobank.org:names:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDBFF9917EBF9C0FA7EF987" box="[1442,1484,1630,1654]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MB</collectionCode>
821786].
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C357B9F7FFDBFF99107CF93DFA4CF92F" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDBFF99107CF93DFA4CF92F" blockId="8.[533,1534,1629,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Diagnosis: Differing from
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDBFF991104F93AFC0CF94A" box="[845,958,1699,1723]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDBFF991104F93AFCEFF94A" box="[845,861,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDBFF991121F93DFC0CF94A" box="[872,958,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">indicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDBFF9911BBF93AFB3CF94A" box="[1010,1166,1699,1723]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayense">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDBFF9911BBF93AFBB0F94A" box="[1010,1026,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDBFF991647F93DFB3CF94A" box="[1038,1166,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">himalayense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in ascospore ornamentation consisting of spines that are unconnected, and narrow at the base; and its significantly long spines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357B9F7FFDBFF9A107CF977FB94FA99" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDBFF99107CF977FBB0F8D2" blockId="8.[533,1534,1629,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<materialsCitation id="3B25E021FFDBFF99107CF977FBB0F8D2" collectingDate="2006-10-07" collectionCode="TFM" collectorName="Hiromi Sasaki" country="Japan" location="OITA Prefecture" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="K447, S17009" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Oita" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54F654DEFFDBFF99107CF977FD29F8F0" box="[565,667,1769,1793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFDBFF9910EDF977FD44F8F0" box="[676,758,1769,1793]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFDBFF991149F977FC04F8F0" box="[768,950,1769,1793]" country="Japan" name="Oita" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">OITA Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDBFF99164CF977FA80F8F0" authority="Carruth." authorityName="Carruth." box="[1029,1330,1769,1793]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutissima">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDBFF99164CF977FB7CF8F1" box="[1029,1230,1769,1792]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Quercus acutissima</emphasis>
Carruth.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFDBFF991775F977FA02F8F0" box="[1340,1456,1769,1793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2006-10-07">
<collectingDate id="EFB73554FFDBFF991775F977FA02F8F0" box="[1340,1456,1769,1793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2006-10-07">7 Oct 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
, collected by
<collectorName id="26B88FAAFFDBFF991030F895FCA1F8D2" box="[633,787,1803,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hiromi Sasaki</collectorName>
,
<specimenCode id="DBEB4207FFDBFF991154F895FCE7F8D2" box="[797,853,1803,1827]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">K447</specimenCode>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDBFF99112BF895FC2FF8D2" box="[866,925,1803,1827]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<specimenCode id="DBEB4207FFDBFF9911EFF895FC45F8D2" box="[934,1015,1803,1827]" collectionCode="S" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">S17009</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDBFF99107CF8B0FA7EF898" blockId="8.[533,1534,1629,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Ascomata subglobose, brown to dark greyish,
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in diam. Peridium warty, two layers, the outer layer pseudoparenchymatous and composed of irregular cells. Gleba whitish
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32BAF4FFDAFF98123AFB08FDB9FB1D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630818" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630818" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630818/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[115,143,1174,1193]" targetBox="[115,1536,208,1152]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDAFF98123AFB08FBA1FB32" blockId="9.[115,1517,1174,1260]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDAFF98123AFB08FB96FB58" bold="true" box="[115,1060,1174,1193]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig 4. Phylogenetic relationships among Asian black truffles based on MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1 sequences.</emphasis>
The phylogram was obtained by maximum likelihood inference under the TN93 model. SH-aLRT values and Bayesian posterior probabilities are shown as ML/BPP.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDAFF98123AFB47FDB9FB1D" blockId="9.[115,1517,1174,1260]" box="[115,523,1241,1260]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g004</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDAFF98105CFA90FBD6FA7F" blockId="9.[533,1535,1294,1873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">when young, becoming grayish brown to blackish at maturity with yellowish cream to white veins. Asci 15(6)-spored, 5972 × 5059 μm, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid. Ascospores ellipsoid to subglobose with spiny ornamentation, brown to dark brown, (15)2135(41) × (12)1526(30) μm in diam excluding ornamentation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDAFF98107CFA07FD17FA07" blockId="9.[533,1535,1294,1873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Etymology:
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDAFF9810FDFA07FC3EFA40" authority="(Lat.)" baseAuthorityName="Lat." box="[692,908,1433,1457]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="longispinosum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDAFF9810FDFA07FCFAFA40" box="[692,840,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">longispinosum</emphasis>
(Lat.)
</taxonomicName>
, referring to “with long spine” from its spore ornamentation (Japanese name “
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDAFF9810B7FA25FC3BFA22" box="[766,905,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Iboseiyoshoro</emphasis>
” from
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDAFF98119FFA25FC44FA22" box="[982,1014,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ibo</emphasis>
= warts,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDAFF98161FFA25FB72FA22" box="[1110,1216,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">seiyoshoro</emphasis>
= Japanese name for the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDAFF981010FA40FD24FA07" authorityName="Schroder, Medioli &amp; Scott" authorityYear="1989" box="[601,662,1502,1526]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDAFF981010FA40FD24FA07" box="[601,662,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tuber</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDAFF98107CF99FFA43F8A0" blockId="9.[533,1535,1294,1873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Ascomata: hypogeous,
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in diam., subglobose and slightly lobed, firm, brown (10
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDAFF98107FF9BAFDFBF9CD" box="[566,585,1572,1596]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">R</collectionCode>
4/8) to dark greyish (7.5YR 8/18), with low polygonal warts, 37 ridges, up to 900 μm high. Odor: aromatic, similar to seaweed or laver boiled in soy sauce when mature. Peridium: 400800 μm thick, variable, pseudoparenchymatous, composed of two layers: outer layer 100 200 μm thick, composed of irregular or ellipsoidal cells, 728 × 518 μm, with thick dark brown walls of 12 μm; inner layer 200600 μm thick, composed of hyaline to yellowish, polygonal cells 515 × 510 μm that merge with glebal tissue of interwoven hyphae. Gleba: solid, whitish when young, becoming greyish brown to blackish at maturity, marbled with distinct, yellowish cream to whitish, meandering veins that merge at many points. Glebal tissue of interwoven hyphae: 38 μm broad with scattered cells, gelatinized, inflated up to 10 μm. Asci:
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32BAF4FFD8FF9A13A1FF55FC05FEE0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[488,516,203,222]" targetBox="[488,1536,208,1888]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A13A1FF55FC05FEE0" blockId="11.[488,1510,203,273]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A13A1FF55FD8BFF09" bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig 5. Phylogenetic relationships among Asian black truffles based on three combined datasets (ITS, β- tublin, and TEF1-α).</emphasis>
The phylogram was obtained by maximum likelihood inference under the TN93+I model. SH-aLRT values and Bayesian posterior probabilities are shown as ML/BPP.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A13A1FEB9FCCDFECB" blockId="11.[488,895,295,314]" box="[488,895,295,314]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g005</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A105CFEFDFA6AFDD9" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
typically subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, occasionally ellipsoid, variable depending on the number of spores, 5972 × 5059 μm (
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11E6FE18FC0FFE6C" box="[943,957,390,413]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 177), rarely stipitate, 15(6)-spored. Ascospore: ellipsoid, whitish or hyaline (glass-like) when young, becoming light brown (5
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1705FE36FAD2FE31" box="[1356,1376,424,448]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
8/3) to dark brown (5YR 9/4) at maturity, 3141 × 2230 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A166BFE55FB84FE12" box="[1058,1078,459,483]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.31.6 (1-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A175EFE55FA97FE13" box="[1303,1317,459,482]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 18); 2138 × 16 29 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A102DFE73FDCAFDF4" box="[612,632,493,517]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.01.8 (2-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1110FE70FCD5FDF4" box="[857,871,494,517]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 78); 1934 × 1526 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A16C8FE73FB27FDF4" box="[1153,1173,493,517]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.11.7 (3-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A173FFE70FA36FDF4" box="[1398,1412,494,517]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 70); 15 33 × 1322 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A10F6FD8EFD61FDD9" box="[703,723,528,552]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.02.1 (4-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11FDFD8FFC70FDD9" box="[948,962,529,552]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 146); 1631 × 1220 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A16A0FD8EFB4FFDD9" box="[1257,1277,528,552]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.11.8 (5-spored,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A105CFDADFB44FD9C" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A105CFDADFD91FDBB" box="[533,547,563,586]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 118); 1526 × 1318 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1102FDADFCEDFDBA" box="[843,863,563,587]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.01.8 (6-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1676FDADFBFFFDBB" box="[1087,1101,563,586]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 24), excluding ornamentation, typically free spines, 37 (12) μm (
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A112FFDC8FCC6FD9C" box="[870,884,598,621]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 430) in height with 14-μm bases.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A107CFDE6FA49FD42" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Habitat and distribution: The fruiting period is from July to January. Woodland or forest edges under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A10D5FD04FD61FD43" box="[668,723,666,690]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A10D5FD04FD61FD43" box="[668,723,666,690]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Abies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A10A8FD05FCF6FD42" box="[737,836,667,691]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A111FFD05FC04FD43" box="[854,950,667,690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A111FFD05FC04FD43" box="[854,950,667,690]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Carpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A118AFD05FB8BFD42" box="[963,1081,667,691]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
), and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1631FD05FB40FD43" box="[1144,1266,667,690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1631FD05FB40FD43" box="[1144,1266,667,690]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A176EFD05FACFFD43" box="[1319,1405,667,690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A176EFD05FACFFD43" box="[1319,1405,667,690]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A17C3FD05FA42FD42" box="[1418,1520,667,691]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A107CFD23FD0EFB84" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Additional specimens examined (
<typeStatus id="54F654DEFFD8FF9A11D1FD23FBB6FD24" box="[920,1028,701,725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFD8FF9A165DFD23FBD4FD24" box="[1044,1126,701,725]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFD8FF9A1639FD23FA33FD24" box="[1136,1409,701,725]" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">KANAGAWA Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Atsugi City, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A10DDFD7EFC74FD09" authority="Maxim." authorityName="Maxim." box="[660,966,736,760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tschonoskii">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A10DDFD7EFCD9FD09" box="[660,875,736,760]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Carpinus tschonoskii</emphasis>
Maxim.
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A11B0FD7EFB44FD09" authority="Murray" authorityName="Murray" box="[1017,1270,736,760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11B0FD7EFB2EFD09" box="[1017,1180,736,760]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Quercus serrata</emphasis>
Murray
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A1749FD7EFACAFD09" box="[1280,1400,736,760]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2007-12-09">9 Dec 2007</date>
, collected by Hiromi Sasaki,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A10F0FC9DFD79FCEA" box="[697,715,771,795]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
230 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A10B7FC9DFC8BFCEA" box="[766,825,771,795]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A110BFC9DFCFDFCEA" box="[834,847,771,795]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17001); Hayama-cho, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1637FC9DFCD7FCCC" authority="(Makino) Hatsushima ex Yamazaki et Masiba" authorityName="Yamazaki et Masiba" baseAuthorityName="Makino" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sieboldii">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1637FC9DFAE1FCEB" box="[1150,1363,770,794]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Castanopsis sieboldii</emphasis>
(Makino) Hatsushima ex Yamazaki et Masiba
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A11D3FCB8FB3DFCCC" authority="Thunb." authorityName="Thunb." box="[922,1167,805,829]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11D3FCB8FB8AFCCC" box="[922,1080,805,829]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
Thunb.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A16D0FCBBFAAFFCCC" box="[1177,1309,805,829]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2002-12-30">30 Dec 2002</date>
, collected by Hiromi Sasaki,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A102AFCD6FDC7FC91" box="[611,629,840,864]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
70 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A10D5FCD6FD65FC91" box="[668,727,840,864]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1096FCD6FD5EFC91" box="[735,748,840,864]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17002); Ibid.,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A1137FCD6FC4DFC91" box="[894,1023,840,864]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2004-10-25">25 Oct 2004</date>
, collected by Kazuhide
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFD8FF9A16BEFCD6FA9CFC91" box="[1271,1326,840,864]" country="Japan" name="Nara" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Nara</collectingRegion>
,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1771FCD6FAF9FC91" box="[1336,1355,840,864]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
52 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A173BFCD6FA1FFC91" box="[1394,1453,840,864]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A105CFCF5FD90FC72" box="[533,546,875,899]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17004); Ibid.,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A10FDFCF5FC8AFC72" box="[692,824,875,899]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2005-12-23">23 Dec 2005</date>
, collected by Hiromi Sasaki,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1620FCF5FBC9FC72" box="[1129,1147,875,899]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
466 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A16E7FCF5FB5BFC72" box="[1198,1257,875,899]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A16BBFCF5FB4DFC72" box="[1266,1279,875,899]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17003);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFD8FF9A171AFCF5FD37FC54" country="Japan" name="Shizuoka" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SHIZUOKA Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Izu City, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A117CFC13FBF4FC54" authority="Sieb. Et Zucc." authorityName="Sieb. Et Zucc." box="[821,1094,909,933]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="firma">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A117CFC13FC1CFC54" box="[821,942,909,933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Abies firma</emphasis>
Sieb. Et Zucc.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1606FC10FAF5FC54" authority="Blume" authorityName="Blume" box="[1103,1351,909,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salicina">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1606FC10FB48FC54" box="[1103,1274,909,933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Quercus salicina</emphasis>
Blume
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1736FC10FA54FC54" box="[1407,1510,909,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1736FC10FA20FC54" box="[1407,1426,910,933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A17D7FC10FA54FC54" box="[1438,1510,910,933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A105CFC2EFD20FC39" box="[533,658,944,968]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2003-01-31">31 Jan 2003</date>
, collected by Hiromi Sasaki,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A118AFC2EFC64FC39" box="[963,982,944,968]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
395 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1641FC2EFBF1FC39" box="[1032,1091,944,968]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1605FC2EFBEBFC39" box="[1100,1113,944,968]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17005);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFD8FF9A16E4FC2EFACAFC39" box="[1197,1400,944,968]" country="Japan" name="Kochi" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">KOCHI Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Umaji Village, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A10D8FC4DFD41FC1A" box="[657,755,979,1003]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A10D8FC4DFD16FC1B" box="[657,676,979,1002]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A10F9FC4DFD41FC1A" box="[688,755,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A116EFC4DFC3FFC1B" box="[807,909,979,1003]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A116EFC4DFC88FC1B" box="[807,826,979,1002]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A110CFC4DFC3FFC1B" box="[837,909,979,1002]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A11D3FC4DFBBCFC1A" box="[922,1038,979,1003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2017-02-03">3 Feb 2017</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1651FC4DFB97FC1A" box="[1048,1061,979,1003]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
71 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1602FC4DFB34FC1A" box="[1099,1158,979,1003]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A16C6FC4DFB2EFC1A" box="[1167,1180,979,1003]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17006);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFD8FF9A16B9FC4DFA0BFC1A" box="[1264,1465,979,1003]" country="Japan" name="Ehime" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">EHIME Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Matsuyama City,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A1099FC6BFCE3FBFC" box="[720,849,1013,1037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2006-10-14">14 Oct 2006</date>
, collected by Fumitaka Nagao,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A16D3FC6BFB1EFBFC" box="[1178,1196,1013,1037]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
209 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1696FC6BFAA8FBFC" box="[1247,1306,1013,1037]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A176AFC6BFA82FBFC" box="[1315,1328,1013,1037]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17007);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFD8FF9A17CDFC6BFDD3FBC1" country="Japan" name="Oita" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">OITA Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Saiki City, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A116AFB86FC1EFBC1" box="[803,940,1048,1072]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A116AFB86FCCBFBDE" box="[803,889,1048,1071]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Quercus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A11FFFB86FB85FBC1" box="[950,1079,1048,1072]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2003-10-17">17 Oct 2003</date>
, collected by Yoichi Sunada,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1723FB86FACFFBC1" box="[1386,1405,1048,1072]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
401 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A17E6FB86FA58FBC1" box="[1455,1514,1048,1072]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A105CFBA5FD90FBA2" box="[533,546,1083,1107]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17008); Yufuin-cho,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A10B4FBA5FCCFFBA2" box="[765,893,1083,1107]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2007-09-29">29 Sep 2007</date>
, collected by Atsuko Hadano and Hiromi Sasaki,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A17C0FBA5FA29FBA2" box="[1417,1435,1083,1107]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
225 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1054FBC3FDEAFB84" box="[541,600,1117,1141]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1028FBC3FDDCFB84" box="[609,622,1117,1141]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17010).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A107CFB1EFB94FA99" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Additional comments:
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1163FB1FFC68FB69" box="[810,986,1152,1176]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="longispinosum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1163FB1FFC88FB69" box="[810,826,1153,1176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A110FFB1EFC68FB69" box="[838,986,1152,1176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">longispinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have more five-spored asci than the other species, but the frequency of five-spored asci varies depending on specimens; observations of two or more specimens are needed. Sakae Takayama and Shoichi Yoshimi first found a black truffle in
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFD8FF9A1078FB76FDDFFAF1" box="[561,621,1256,1280]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Japan</collectingCountry>
and identified it as
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1177FB77FC1DFAF1" box="[830,943,1256,1280]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1177FB77FCFCFAF1" box="[830,846,1257,1280]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1110FB76FC1DFAF1" box="[857,943,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">indicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Japanese name “
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1625FB76FB45FAF1" box="[1132,1271,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Iboseiyoshoro</emphasis>
”) [
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC978DFFD8FF9A1755FB76FA87FAF1" author="Aoki M" box="[1308,1333,1256,1280]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="137 - 140" refId="ref11869" refString="42. Aoki M; The Amateur Association for Mushroom Research, Japan 2. In: Nabe M, editor. Illustrations of Japanese Mushrooms. Vol. VI: Ascomycotina Myxomycetes. Kobe: 2008. p. 137 - 140." type="book chapter" year="2008">42</bibRefCitation>
]. The ascospores exhibit surface ornamentation with conspicuously long spines that were 48 (10) μm high with 4 μm bases, which correspond to the
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A119BFAB0FB30FAB4" box="[978,1154,1325,1350]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="longispinosum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A119BFAB0FC50FAB4" box="[978,994,1326,1349]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11A7FAB3FB30FAB4" box="[1006,1154,1325,1349]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">longispinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
characters. Therefore, we assigned the Japanese “
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A10E0FACEFCF0FA99" box="[681,834,1360,1384]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Iboseiyoushoro</emphasis>
” to
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1139FACFFB92FA99" box="[880,1056,1360,1384]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="longispinosum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1139FACFFC32FA99" box="[880,896,1361,1384]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11C5FACEFB92FA99" box="[908,1056,1360,1384]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">longispinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>