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<document id="C648945DAC5C0FB00540E3658E813B47" ID-DOI="10.1371/journal.pone.0193745" ID-ISSN="1932-6203" ID-PMC="PMC5874008" ID-PubMed="29590201" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630810" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1719975015210" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kinoshita, Akihiko, Nara, Kazuhide, Sasaki, Hiromi, Feng, Bang, Obase, Keisuke, Yang, Zhu L. &amp; Yamanaka, Takashi" docDate="2018" docId="03E45B6AFFD8FF9F107CFAECFCC9FA91" docLanguage="en" docName="PLoSONE.13.3.e0193745.pdf" docOrigin="PLoS ONE (e 0193745) 13 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745" docStyle="DocumentStyle:55318D21378FF0528C342C9740A1E1BE.2:PLoSONE.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="55318D21378FF0528C342C9740A1E1BE" docStyleName="PLoSONE.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Tuber himalayense B. C. Zhang &amp; Minter, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FFDD2312FFD3FF911249FF9EFFB2FFF1" masterDocTitle="Using mating-type loci to improve taxonomy of the Tuber indicum complex, and discovery of a new species, T. longispinosum" masterLastPageNumber="21" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1722271294755" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="4C5F0342A096D752357529099BAB38F2">Using mating-type loci to improve taxonomy of the Tuber indicum complex, and discovery of a new species, T. longispinosum</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="867B7240987C6216A942EB634B99DB77">Kinoshita, Akihiko</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="20363E1DE3DE65AF9825FE5D3A1AEB5E">Kyushu Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Kurokami, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0D71BDD7703A5DD8392762F24671A832">Nara, Kazuhide</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FF360BF5E871B3CA6DD935E42B4B9210">Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="925D99FCAE8056BD9167E520C9625412">Sasaki, Hiromi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9D04FDB9129E1162EE91BD3C62B33D00">Mycologist Circle of Japan, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F573C28F9716964DEE0F854AEAB92609">Feng, Bang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="50C17CD33DC56441333C41D95C935B8C">Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="417592E3ED7A224150E9FE77D4C11827">Obase, Keisuke</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C18012F8C566D6C8A03A75F9F4DA7075">Department of Mushroom Science and Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BF12E149D3340A7BDB6AAB103E990BA3">Yang, Zhu L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="95EE886B503D224735BD5199DE789DC7">Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DD654E69DD74F27AF910846A0742C705">Yamanaka, Takashi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BB41AA6EC69F5EDC32EC1D4C3E0A9B7F">Department of Mushroom Science and Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03E45B6AFFD8FF9F107CFAECFCC9FA91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E45B6AFFD8FF9F107CFAECFCC9FA91" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E45B6AFFD8FF9F107CFAECFCC9FA91" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<subSubSection id="C357B9F7FFD8FF9A107CFAECFA13FA7A" box="[565,1441,1394,1419]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A107CFAECFA13FA7A" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" box="[565,1441,1394,1419]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<treatmentCitation id="0AECCC6DFFD8FF9A107CFAECFA2FFA7A" author="B. C. Zhang &amp; Minter" box="[565,1437,1394,1419]" issue="4" journal="Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc." page="595" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" score="5.464730587576831" volume="91" year="1988">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A107CFAECFB53FA7A" authority="B. C. Zhang &amp; Minter, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc." box="[565,1249,1394,1419]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayense">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A107CFAECFCB6FA7B" bold="true" box="[565,772,1394,1418]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tuber himalayense</emphasis>
B.C. Zhang &amp; Minter, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc.
</taxonomicName>
91(4): 595 (1988)
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357B9F7FFD8FF9F107CFA08FCC9FA91" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A107CFA08FD0DFA21" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
MycoBank
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A10E6FA08FD6AFA5F" box="[687,728,1430,1454]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MB</collectionCode>
134661.
<figureCitation id="1376F6F9FFD8FF9A1167FA08FC2CFA5F" box="[814,926,1430,1454]" captionStart="Fig 7" captionStartId="13.[372,400,1712,1731]" captionTargetBox="[372,1536,209,1690]" captionTargetId="figure-31@13.[372,1536,208,1690]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig 7. Tuber himalayense photographs (TFM: S17015). A. Ascomata (bar = 1 cm). B. Peridial warts, (bar = 3 mm). C. Asci and ascospores (bar = 30 μm). D. Peridium and glebal tissue in cross section (bar = 50 μm). E. Ascospore (bar = 10 μm). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g007" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630824/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig 7A–7E</figureCitation>
=
<treatmentCitation id="0AECCC6DFFD8FF9A11F0FA0BFD09FA21" author="H. T. Hu &amp; Y. Wang" journal="Mycotaxon" page="296" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" score="9.729594737742866" volume="123" year="2013">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A11F0FA0BFA50FA5F" authority="H. T. Hu &amp; Y. Wang, Mycotaxon" authorityName="H. T. Hu &amp; Y. Wang, Mycotaxon" box="[953,1506,1429,1454]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="formosanum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11F0FA0BFB30FA5C" box="[953,1154,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tuber formosanum</emphasis>
H.T. Hu &amp; Y. Wang, Mycotaxon
</taxonomicName>
123: 296 (2013)
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A107CFA45FC90FA02" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" box="[565,802,1499,1523]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
MycoBank
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A10E6FA45FD64FA02" box="[687,726,1499,1523]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MB</collectionCode>
563693
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A107CFA63FBA9F9C9" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Etymology: Japanese name “
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A112AFA63FB9BF9E4" box="[867,1065,1533,1557]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Asiakuroseiyoshoro</emphasis>
” from
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1631FA63FB14F9E5" box="[1144,1190,1533,1556]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Asia</emphasis>
= locality,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1753FA60FAFCF9E4" box="[1306,1358,1534,1557]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Kuro</emphasis>
= black,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A105CF9BEFDCDF9C9" box="[533,639,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">seiyoshoro</emphasis>
= Japanese name for the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1186F9BEFBBEF9C9" authorityName="Schroder, Medioli &amp; Scott" authorityYear="1989" box="[975,1036,1568,1592]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1186F9BEFBBEF9C9" box="[975,1036,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tuber</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A107CF9DDFA77F932" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Ascomata: hypogeous,
<quantity id="4CB54799FFD8FF9A1160F9DDFC2EF9AA" box="[809,924,1603,1627]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="20.0">20–60 mm</quantity>
in diam, subglobose and slightly lobed, firm, brown (10
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A17A0F9DDFA4EF9AA" box="[1513,1532,1603,1627]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">R</collectionCode>
4/8) to dark greyish (7.5YR 8/18), with low polygonal warts, 4–6 ridges, up to 500-μm high. Odor: aromatic, similar to seaweed or laver boiled in soy sauce when mature. Peridium: 400– 800 μm thick, variable, pseudoparenchymatous, composed of two layers: outer layer 150–
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9D105CF953FA7BF8B0" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" lastBlockId="12.[533,1524,1833,1891]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">200 μm thick, composed of irregular or ellipsoidal cells 10–20 × 5–15 μm, with thick, dark brown 1–2-μm walls; inner layer 200–600-μm thick, composed of hyaline to yellowish, polygonal cells 5–15 × 5–10 μm that merge with glebal tissue of interwoven hyphae. Gleba: solid, whitish when young, becoming dark brown to blackish at maturity, marbled with distinct, whitish, meandering veins that merge at many points. Interwoven hyphae of glebal tissue:</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32BAF4FFDFFF9D1351F92FFD1DF8F7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630822" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630822/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[280,308,1713,1732]" targetBox="[280,1536,209,1691]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDFFF9D1351F92FFA02F92C" blockId="12.[280,1514,1712,1798]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDFFF9D1351F92FFCECF935" bold="true" box="[280,862,1712,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Fig 6.
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDFFF9D1306F92EFDB7F932" box="[335,517,1712,1731]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="longispinosum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDFFF9D1306F92EFDB7F932" bold="true" box="[335,517,1712,1731]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tuber longispinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
photographs (holotype, TFM: S17009).
</emphasis>
A. Dried ascomata (bar = 1 cm). B. Fruit bodies photographed in the field.C. Peridial warts, (bar = 3 mm). D. Asci and ascospores (bar = 30 μm). E. Ascospore (bar = 10 μm). F. Peridium in cross section (bar = 50 μm).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDFFF9D1351F96DFD1DF8F7" blockId="12.[280,1514,1712,1798]" box="[280,687,1779,1798]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g006</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDFFF9C105CF8D5FA08F8B1" blockId="12.[533,1524,1833,1891]" lastBlockId="13.[533,1510,1832,1891]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">3–7 μm broad with scattered cells, gelatinized, inflated up to 10 μm. Asci: typically subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, occasionally ellipsoid, variable depending on number of spores, 48–</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32BAF4FFDEFF9C133DF92EFCB9F8F7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630824" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630824/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[372,400,1712,1731]" targetBox="[372,1536,209,1690]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDEFF9C133DF92EFAF2F92D" blockId="13.[372,1449,1711,1798]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDEFF9C133DF92EFCE0F932" bold="true" box="[372,850,1711,1731]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Fig 7.
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDEFF9C13E2F931FDE2F933" box="[427,592,1711,1730]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayense">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDEFF9C13E2F931FDE2F933" bold="true" box="[427,592,1711,1730]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tuber himalayense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
photographs (TFM: S17015).
</emphasis>
A. Ascomata (bar = 1 cm). B. Peridial warts, (bar = 3 mm). C. Asci and ascospores (bar = 30 μm). D. Peridium and glebal tissue in cross section (bar = 50 μm). E. Ascospore (bar = 10 μm).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDEFF9C133DF96DFCB9F8F7" blockId="13.[372,1449,1711,1798]" box="[372,779,1779,1798]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g007</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDEFF9F105CF8D5FA05FE64" blockId="13.[533,1510,1832,1891]" lastBlockId="14.[533,1536,208,1376]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
81 × 38–73 μm (
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDEFF9C108BF8D5FD62F893" box="[706,720,1867,1890]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">n</emphasis>
= 164), rarely stipitate, 1–4(–5)-spored. Ascospore: mostly ellipsoid, rarely globose, whitish or hyaline when young, becoming light brown (5
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F1680FF4EFB6FFF19" box="[1225,1245,208,232]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
8/3) to dark brown (5YR9/ 4) at maturity, 31–41 × 24–35 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F11CDFF6CFC2AFEFB" box="[900,920,242,266]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.1–1.6 (1-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1630FF6DFB35FEFB" box="[1145,1159,243,266]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">n</emphasis>
= 7); 24–44 × 17–32 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F17DCFF6CFA1BFEFB" box="[1429,1449,242,266]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.0– 1.6 (2-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F10E7FE88FD0EFEDC" box="[686,700,278,301]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">n</emphasis>
= 22); 17–37 × 15–33 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F119FFE8BFC58FEDC" box="[982,1002,277,301]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.0–1.8 (3-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1682FE88FB6BFEDC" box="[1227,1241,278,301]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">n</emphasis>
= 154); 14–34 × 12–26 μm, 1.0–2.0 (4-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1092FEA6FD5BFEBE" box="[731,745,312,335]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">n</emphasis>
= 279); 18–31 × 14–22 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F1659FEA6FB96FEA1" box="[1040,1060,312,336]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.0–1.9 (5-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F174CFEA6FAA1FEBE" box="[1285,1299,312,335]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">n</emphasis>
= 24), excluding ornamentation. Ornamentation with very variable: spines with free, partial reticulate, spiny-reticulate, and alveolate. Spines up to 2–7 (9) μm (
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F166EFEE0FB87FE64" box="[1063,1077,382,405]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">n</emphasis>
= 508) in height with 3–7-μm bases.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDDFF9F107CFE3EFD3EFDD1" blockId="14.[533,1536,208,1376]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Habitat and distribution: North-western Provinces of
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFDDFF9F1638FE3EFB1BFE49" box="[1137,1193,416,440]" name="India" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">India</collectingCountry>
to southern
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFDDFF9F1766FE3EFAC0FE49" box="[1327,1394,416,440]" name="China" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFDDFF9F1735FE3EFA79FE49" box="[1404,1483,416,440]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFDDFF9F105CFE5CFDE6FE2B" box="[533,596,450,474]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Japan</collectingCountry>
. In
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFDDFF9F1032FE5CFD0BFE2B" box="[635,697,450,474]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Japan</collectingCountry>
, the fruiting period is from July to January. Woodland under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F170CFE5CFA3AFE2B" box="[1349,1416,450,474]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F170CFE5CFA3AFE2B" box="[1349,1416,450,474]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Betula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F17F5FE5CFD88FE0C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F17F5FE5CFD88FE0C" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Carpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F100EFE7BFD0FFE0C" box="[583,701,485,509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
);
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1086FE7BFC9DFE0D" box="[719,815,485,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1086FE7BFC9DFE0D" box="[719,815,485,508]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Castanea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1172FE7BFC07FE0D" box="[827,949,485,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1172FE7BFC07FE0D" box="[827,949,485,508]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F11A3FE7BFBF2FE0D" box="[1002,1088,485,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F11A3FE7BFBF2FE0D" box="[1002,1088,485,508]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1604FE7BFB00FE0C" box="[1101,1202,485,509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
); and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F16B8FE7BFA9AFE0C" box="[1265,1320,485,509]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F16B8FE7BFA9AFE0C" box="[1265,1320,485,509]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Abies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1714FE78FA25FE0C" authorityName="Perry" authorityYear="1811" box="[1373,1431,486,509]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1714FE78FA25FE0C" box="[1373,1431,486,509]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1054FD96FD33FDD1" box="[541,641,520,544]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDDFF9F107CFDB4FDC3FBF4" blockId="14.[533,1536,208,1376]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Specimens examined:
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFDDFF9F1168FDB4FCC6FDB3" box="[801,884,554,578]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFDDFF9F1134FDB4FBE1FDB3" box="[893,1107,554,578]" country="Japan" name="Miyagi" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MIYAGI Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Sendai City,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFDDFF9F16ABFDB4FAF5FDB3" box="[1250,1351,554,578]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2003-12">Dec 2003</date>
, collected by Yoko Ando,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F10D4FDD3FD1DFD94" box="[669,687,589,613]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
464 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F10ABFDD3FCAFFD94" box="[738,797,589,613]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F116FFDD3FC81FD94" box="[806,819,589,613]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17011); Sendai City,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFDDFF9F1644FDD3FB3CFD94" box="[1037,1166,589,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2005-10-23">23 Oct 2005</date>
, collected by Yoko Ando,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F17EBFDD3FA06FD94" box="[1442,1460,589,613]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
465 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F1054FDEEFDEAFD79" box="[541,600,624,648]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F1028FDEEFDDCFD79" box="[609,622,624,648]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
170012);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFDDFF9F1087FDEEFC27FD79" box="[718,917,624,648]" country="Japan" name="Chiba" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">CHIBA Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Narashino City, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F16DAFDEEFAADFD76" box="[1171,1311,624,648]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutissima">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F16DAFDEEFB14FD76" box="[1171,1190,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F16F8FDEEFAADFD76" box="[1201,1311,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">acutissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFDDFF9F1765FDEEFA01FD79" box="[1324,1459,624,648]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2015-11-15">15 Nov 2015</date>
, collected by Hiromi Kinoshita,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F110AFD0CFCE2FD5B" box="[835,848,658,682]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
27 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F113FFD0CFC03FD5B" box="[886,945,658,682]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F11F0FD0CFC74FD5B" box="[953,966,658,682]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17013);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFDDFF9F1652FD0CFB59FD5B" box="[1051,1259,658,682]" country="Japan" name="Kyoto" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">KYOTO Prefecture</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFDDFF9F16BCFD0CFA84FD5B" box="[1269,1334,658,682]" country="Japan" name="Kyoto" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Kyoto</collectingRegion>
City, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F17F3FD0CFDEAFD3C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F17F3FD0CFA7FFD58" box="[1466,1485,658,681]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F105CFD2BFDEAFD3C" box="[533,600,693,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F10C5FD2BFD41FD3C" box="[652,755,693,717]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F10C5FD2BFD2DFD3D" box="[652,671,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F10E2FD28FD41FD3C" box="[683,755,694,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFDDFF9F1149FD2BFCC5FD3C" box="[768,887,693,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2004-12-06">6 Dec 2004</date>
, collected by Takashi Yamanaka and Keisuke Obase,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F17E3FD2BFA05FD3C" box="[1450,1463,693,717]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
4 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F1054FD46FDEAFD01" box="[541,600,728,752]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F1028FD46FDDCFD01" box="[609,622,728,752]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17014);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFDDFF9F108BFD46FC2AFD01" box="[706,920,728,752]" country="Japan" name="Hyogo" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">HYOGO Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Sanda City, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F162FFD46FB7AFD1E" box="[1126,1224,727,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F162FFD46FBCBFD1E" box="[1126,1145,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F16CCFD49FB7AFD1E" box="[1157,1224,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFDDFF9F169DFD46FAE9FD01" box="[1236,1371,728,752]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2015-11-27">27 Nov 2015</date>
, collected by Mitsuo Nabe and Michiyo Nabe,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F113FFD64FC31FCE3" box="[886,899,762,786]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F11E0FD64FC56FCE3" box="[937,996,762,786]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F11A4FD64FC48FCE3" box="[1005,1018,762,786]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17015);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFDDFF9F1607FD64FAFBFCE3" box="[1102,1353,762,786]" country="Japan" name="Okayama" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">OKAYAMA Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Niimi City, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1012FC83FC80FCC4" box="[603,818,797,821]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tschonoskii">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1012FC83FC80FCC4" box="[603,818,797,821]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Carpinus tschonoskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F112EFC83FC7CFCC5" box="[871,974,797,821]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F112EFC83FCC8FCC5" box="[871,890,797,820]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F11CFFC83FC7CFCC5" box="[902,974,797,820]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFDDFF9F1193FC83FBEDFCC4" box="[986,1119,797,821]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2015-12-19">19 Dec 2015</date>
, collected by Hideo Hara,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F173CFC83FA30FCC4" box="[1397,1410,797,821]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
23 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F17E0FC83FA56FCC4" box="[1449,1508,797,821]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F105CFCDEFD90FCA9" box="[533,546,832,856]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17016);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFDDFF9F103FFCDEFCF3FCA9" box="[630,833,832,856]" country="Japan" name="Kochi" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">KOCHI Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Umaji Village, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1666FCDEFB23FCA6" box="[1071,1169,831,856]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1666FCDEFBF0FCA6" box="[1071,1090,832,855]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1607FCA1FB23FCA6" box="[1102,1169,831,855]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F168CFCDEFA9EFCA6" box="[1221,1324,832,856]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F168CFCDEFB6AFCA6" box="[1221,1240,832,855]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F16ADFCDEFA9EFCA6" box="[1252,1324,832,855]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFDDFF9F1771FCDEFA1FFCA9" box="[1336,1453,832,856]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2017-02-03">3 Feb 2017</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F17FFFCDEFA70FCA9" box="[1462,1474,832,856]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
66 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F1054FCFCFDEAFC8B" box="[541,600,866,890]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F1028FCFCFDDCFC8B" box="[609,622,866,890]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17017);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFDDFF9F108BFCFCFC3EFC8B" box="[706,908,866,890]" country="Japan" name="Ehime" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">EHIME Prefecture</collectingRegion>
: Futami-cho, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F162AFCFDFA8AFC8B" box="[1123,1336,866,890]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sieboldii">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F162AFCFDFA8AFC8B" box="[1123,1336,866,890]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Castanopsis sieboldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1724FCFDFA5AFC8B" box="[1389,1512,866,890]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1724FCFDFA71FC8B" box="[1389,1475,867,890]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Quercus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFDDFF9F105CFC1BFD29FC6C" box="[533,667,901,925]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2006-11-24">24 Nov 2006</date>
collected by Fumitaka Nagao,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F1196FC1BFC40FC6C" box="[991,1010,901,925]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
152 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F166CFC1BFBD2FC6C" box="[1061,1120,901,925]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F1621FC1BFBC7FC6C" box="[1128,1141,901,925]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17018);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFDDFF9F1680FC1BFACDFC6C" box="[1225,1407,901,925]" country="Japan" name="Oita" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">OITA Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Yufu City,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFDDFF9F105CFC36FD25FC31" box="[533,663,936,960]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2008-10-24">24 Oct 2008</date>
, collected by Atsuko Hadano and Eiji Hadano,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F16C5FC36FB2CFC31" box="[1164,1182,936,960]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
307 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F1698FC36FABEFC31" box="[1233,1292,936,960]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F175CFC36FA90FC31" box="[1301,1314,936,960]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17019); Yufu City, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1012FC55FD5AFC13" box="[603,744,970,994]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutissima">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1012FC55FDDCFC13" box="[603,622,971,994]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1033FC55FD5AFC13" box="[634,744,971,994]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">acutissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1155FC55FC31FC13" box="[796,899,970,994]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1155FC55FC9DFC13" box="[796,815,971,994]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1172FC55FC31FC13" box="[827,899,971,994]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFDDFF9F11C6FC54FBB6FC13" box="[911,1028,970,994]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2006-10-08">8 Oct 2006</date>
, collected by Hiromi Sasaki,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F177DFC54FAF4FC13" box="[1332,1350,970,994]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
448 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F1730FC54FA06FC13" box="[1401,1460,970,994]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F105CFC73FD90FBF4" box="[533,546,1005,1029]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17020).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDDFF9F107CFB8EFCC9FA91" blockId="14.[533,1536,208,1376]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Additional comments: Hu [
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC978DFFDDFF9F1112FB8EFCDAFBD9" author="Hu H-T." box="[859,872,1040,1064]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="79 - 86" refId="ref9716" refString="4. Hu H-T. Tuber formosanum sp. nov. and its mycorrhizal associations. Journal of the Experimental Forest of National Taiwan University. 1992; 6: 79 - 86." type="journal article" year="1992">4</bibRefCitation>
] described
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F11AAFB8EFB31FBD9" box="[995,1155,1040,1064]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="formosanum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F11AAFB8EFC41FBD6" box="[995,1011,1040,1063]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F11B6FB8EFB31FBD9" box="[1023,1155,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">formosanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFDDFF9F168DFB8EFAA1FBD9" box="[1220,1299,1040,1064]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
as a distinct species based on morphological observation; subsequently, Qiao et al. [
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC978DFFDDFF9F16FDFBACFB73FBBB" author="Qiao P &amp; Liu P-G &amp; Hu HT &amp; Wang Y." box="[1204,1217,1074,1098]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="293 - 299" refId="ref9807" refString="6. Qiao P, Liu P-G, Hu HT, Wang Y. Typification of Tuber formosanum (Tuberaceae, Pezizales, Ascomycota) from Taiwan, China. Mycotaxon. 2013; 123: 293 - 299. https: // doi. org / 10.5248 / 123.293" type="journal article" year="2013">6</bibRefCitation>
] typified
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F176EFBADFA74FBBB" box="[1319,1478,1074,1098]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="formosanum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F176EFBADFA85FBBB" box="[1319,1335,1075,1098]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F170BFBACFA74FBBB" box="[1346,1478,1074,1098]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">formosanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on a newly collected sample, because there was no typification in the original description by Hu [
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC978DFFDDFF9F102FFBE6FDC1FB61" author="Hu H-T." box="[614,627,1144,1168]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="79 - 86" refId="ref9716" refString="4. Hu H-T. Tuber formosanum sp. nov. and its mycorrhizal associations. Journal of the Experimental Forest of National Taiwan University. 1992; 6: 79 - 86." type="journal article" year="1992">4</bibRefCitation>
]. They denoted that
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1106FBE6FC5CFB7E" box="[847,1006,1143,1168]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="formosanum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1106FBE6FCEDFB7E" box="[847,863,1144,1167]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1123FBE9FC5CFB7E" box="[874,1006,1143,1167]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">formosanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1631FBE6FB58FB7E" box="[1144,1258,1143,1168]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1631FBE6FB3AFB7E" box="[1144,1160,1144,1167]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F16DDFBE9FB58FB7E" box="[1172,1258,1143,1167]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">indicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its asci with a short stipitate, spiny-reticulate ascospores and association with
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1616FB04FAFFFB43" box="[1119,1357,1178,1202]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Cyclobalanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1616FB04FAFFFB43" box="[1119,1357,1178,1202]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cyclobalanopsis glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F173BFB05FDEAFB24" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F173BFB05FDEAFB24" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) [
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC978DFFDDFF9F1039FB23FDCFFB24" author="Qiao P &amp; Liu P-G &amp; Hu HT &amp; Wang Y." box="[624,637,1213,1237]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="293 - 299" refId="ref9807" refString="6. Qiao P, Liu P-G, Hu HT, Wang Y. Typification of Tuber formosanum (Tuberaceae, Pezizales, Ascomycota) from Taiwan, China. Mycotaxon. 2013; 123: 293 - 299. https: // doi. org / 10.5248 / 123.293" type="journal article" year="2013">6</bibRefCitation>
]. However, we showed that
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F11E1FB23FBFAFB24" box="[936,1096,1213,1237]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="formosanum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F11E1FB23FC0AFB25" box="[936,952,1213,1236]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F118DFB23FBFAFB24" box="[964,1096,1213,1237]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">formosanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is phylogenetically and morphologically indistinguishable from
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1144FB7EFC1AFB06" box="[781,936,1247,1272]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayense">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1144FB7EFCAFFB06" box="[781,797,1248,1271]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1161FB41FC1AFB06" box="[808,936,1247,1271]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">himalayense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1184FB7EFB8DFB06" box="[973,1087,1247,1272]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1184FB7EFC6FFB06" box="[973,989,1248,1271]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F11A0FB41FB8DFB06" box="[1001,1087,1247,1271]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">indicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDDFF9F16C2FB7EFB2EFB09" box="[1163,1180,1248,1272]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F169EFB41FAFCFB09" box="[1239,1358,1247,1272]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="undefined-6">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F169EFB41FAA6FB06" box="[1239,1300,1247,1271]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Tuber</emphasis>
sp. 6
</taxonomicName>
. Because
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F17FBFB7EFD27FAEB" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayense">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F17FBFB7EFA70FB06" box="[1458,1474,1248,1271]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F105CFA9CFD27FAEB" box="[533,661,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">himalayense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by Zhang &amp; Minter [
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC978DFFDDFF9F165BFA9CFBADFAEB" author="Zhang BC &amp; Minter DW" box="[1042,1055,1282,1306]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="593 - 597" refId="ref9857" refString="7. Zhang BC, Minter DW, 1988. Tuber himalayense sp. nov. with notes on Himalayan truffles. Transactions of British Mycological Society. 1998; 91 (4): 593 - 597. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0007 - 1536 (88) 80032 - 9." type="journal article" year="1998">7</bibRefCitation>
] before
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F163EFA9DFAA4FAEB" box="[1143,1302,1282,1306]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="formosanum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F163EFA9DFB35FAEB" box="[1143,1159,1283,1306]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F16DBFA9CFAA4FAEB" box="[1170,1302,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">formosanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by Hu [
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC978DFFDDFF9F1057FABBFD99FACC" author="Hu H-T." box="[542,555,1317,1341]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="79 - 86" refId="ref9716" refString="4. Hu H-T. Tuber formosanum sp. nov. and its mycorrhizal associations. Journal of the Experimental Forest of National Taiwan University. 1992; 6: 79 - 86." type="journal article" year="1992">4</bibRefCitation>
], we synonymize
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F10A0FAB8FC3BFACC" box="[745,905,1317,1341]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="formosanum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F10A0FAB8FD4BFACC" box="[745,761,1318,1341]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F114CFABBFC3BFACC" box="[773,905,1317,1341]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">formosanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F118CFAB8FBD2FACC" box="[965,1120,1317,1341]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayense">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F118CFAB8FC67FACC" box="[965,981,1318,1341]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F11A9FABBFBD2FACC" box="[992,1120,1317,1341]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">himalayense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(hereafter we call
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F176AFABBFA25FACC" box="[1315,1431,1317,1341]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="undefined-6">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F176AFABBFAD2FACC" box="[1315,1376,1317,1341]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Tuber</emphasis>
sp. 6
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F1782FAB8FD2BFAAE" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="formosanum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F1782FAB8FA69FACC" box="[1483,1499,1318,1341]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F105CFAD9FD2BFAAE" box="[533,665,1351,1375]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">formosanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as “
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDDFF9F108FFAD6FCD3FAAE" box="[710,865,1351,1376]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayense">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F108FFAD6FD64FAAE" box="[710,726,1352,1375]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDDFF9F10A8FAD9FCD3FAAE" box="[737,865,1351,1375]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">himalayense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

443
data/03/E4/5B/03E45B6AFFDBFF9A105CF9C3FB94FA99.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,443 @@
<document id="0A38C688D7D03C94E2335F2E2ADFDE6A" ID-DOI="10.1371/journal.pone.0193745" ID-ISSN="1932-6203" ID-PMC="PMC5874008" ID-PubMed="29590201" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630810" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1719975015210" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kinoshita, Akihiko, Nara, Kazuhide, Sasaki, Hiromi, Feng, Bang, Obase, Keisuke, Yang, Zhu L. &amp; Yamanaka, Takashi" docDate="2018" docId="03E45B6AFFDBFF9A105CF9C3FB94FA99" docLanguage="en" docName="PLoSONE.13.3.e0193745.pdf" docOrigin="PLoS ONE (e 0193745) 13 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745" docStyle="DocumentStyle:55318D21378FF0528C342C9740A1E1BE.2:PLoSONE.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="55318D21378FF0528C342C9740A1E1BE" docStyleName="PLoSONE.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Tuber longispinosum A. Kinosh. 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="FFDD2312FFD3FF911249FF9EFFB2FFF1" masterDocTitle="Using mating-type loci to improve taxonomy of the Tuber indicum complex, and discovery of a new species, T. longispinosum" masterLastPageNumber="21" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1722271294755" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="5226BFD5A6B0A71B7F5C9F19BFB582FA">Using mating-type loci to improve taxonomy of the Tuber indicum complex, and discovery of a new species, T. longispinosum</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9418B8BE5C33F98049B624141CFB7C39">Nara, Kazuhide</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="53964B8B21AE0DA6BC7CB89B038EF020">Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan,</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="668EBB51C0B748F51FD9EABED2C7F421" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="DE791F3EFC259E443A1E225DE3C57A16">Sasaki, Hiromi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A9722E0248E866BF572EA99E0AF74DD2">Mycologist Circle of Japan, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan,</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EA34B1F9336F5DF359773DC67745944E">Feng, Bang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D5BF4C69739573FCEC949E5EB6694792">Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E22D4C64275838AB1A51C4590F3A71A5" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DE9657A2C85664311089690AACF55BEC">Obase, Keisuke</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F474347A81EBE5242D2B8D07AC3FD0E9">Department of Mushroom Science and Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="8AF39611ADB814AFD7B92353EFA5DE3C">Yang, Zhu L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3FE61D5C18C8867BFE327EA19144BC1F">Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8A577FF6CC380D7643ECB38EEA072DFC">Yamanaka, Takashi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="988F0B8B6BF4C581F1DFB035BB12724A">Department of Mushroom Science and Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:part id="012D9CD3FF36C781305AAAB3FA5E9777">
<mods:date id="E279D30850D3BE8D778A05134F39157C">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="3C3C4FC04426632203F7B90C99BFCB2C">e 0193745</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="806FFB9D357CDCAC7A034667667073EC">13</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="9D1F8747C624CDE68A68E819E17A48A0" type="DOI">10.1371/journal.pone.0193745</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E45B6AFFDBFF9A105CF9C3FB94FA99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E45B6AFFDBFF9A105CF9C3FB94FA99" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E45B6AFFDBFF9A105CF9C3FB94FA99" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="D0BA5D10FFDBFF99105CF9C3FDC3F968" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="2">
<subSubSection id="C357B9F7FFDBFF99105CF9C3FBE6F987" box="[533,1108,1629,1654]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDBFF99105CF9C3FBE6F987" blockId="8.[533,1534,1629,1897]" box="[533,1108,1629,1654]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDBFF99105CF9C3FCC2F987" authority="A. Kinosh." authorityName="A. Kinosh." authorityYear="2018" box="[533,880,1629,1654]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="longispinosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDBFF99105CF9C3FD4BF984" bold="true" box="[533,761,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tuber longispinosum</emphasis>
A. Kinosh.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A8B15FFDBFF99113CF9C0FC75F987" box="[885,967,1630,1654]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="1376F6F9FFDBFF99119FF9C0FBF7F987" box="[982,1093,1630,1654]" captionStart="Fig 6" captionStartId="12.[280,308,1713,1732]" captionTargetBox="[280,1536,209,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-33@12.[280,1536,208,1691]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig 6. Tuber longispinosum photographs (holotype, TFM: S17009). A. Dried ascomata (bar = 1 cm). B. Fruit bodies photographed in the field.C. Peridial warts, (bar = 3 mm). D. Asci and ascospores (bar = 30 μm). E. Ascospore (bar = 10 μm). F. Peridium in cross section (bar = 50 μm). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g006" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630822/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig 6A–6F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357B9F7FFDBFF991610F9C0FDC3F968" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDBFF991610F9C0FDC3F968" blockId="8.[533,1534,1629,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
[urn:lsid:mycobank.org:names:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDBFF9917EBF9C0FA7EF987" box="[1442,1484,1630,1654]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MB</collectionCode>
821786].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</heading>
<subSubSection id="C357B9F7FFDBFF99107CF93DFA4CF92F" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDBFF99107CF93DFA4CF92F" blockId="8.[533,1534,1629,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Diagnosis: Differing from
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDBFF991104F93AFC0CF94A" box="[845,958,1699,1723]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDBFF991104F93AFCEFF94A" box="[845,861,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDBFF991121F93DFC0CF94A" box="[872,958,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">indicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDBFF9911BBF93AFB3CF94A" box="[1010,1166,1699,1723]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayense">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDBFF9911BBF93AFBB0F94A" box="[1010,1026,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDBFF991647F93DFB3CF94A" box="[1038,1166,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">himalayense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in ascospore ornamentation consisting of spines that are unconnected, and narrow at the base; and its significantly long spines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357B9F7FFDBFF9A107CF977FB94FA99" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDBFF99107CF977FBB0F8D2" blockId="8.[533,1534,1629,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<materialsCitation id="3B25E021FFDBFF99107CF977FBB0F8D2" collectingDate="2006-10-07" collectionCode="TFM" collectorName="Hiromi Sasaki" country="Japan" location="OITA Prefecture" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="K447, S17009" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Oita" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54F654DEFFDBFF99107CF977FD29F8F0" box="[565,667,1769,1793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFDBFF9910EDF977FD44F8F0" box="[676,758,1769,1793]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFDBFF991149F977FC04F8F0" box="[768,950,1769,1793]" country="Japan" name="Oita" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">OITA Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDBFF99164CF977FA80F8F0" authority="Carruth." authorityName="Carruth." box="[1029,1330,1769,1793]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutissima">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDBFF99164CF977FB7CF8F1" box="[1029,1230,1769,1792]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Quercus acutissima</emphasis>
Carruth.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFDBFF991775F977FA02F8F0" box="[1340,1456,1769,1793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2006-10-07">
<collectingDate id="EFB73554FFDBFF991775F977FA02F8F0" box="[1340,1456,1769,1793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2006-10-07">7 Oct 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
, collected by
<collectorName id="26B88FAAFFDBFF991030F895FCA1F8D2" box="[633,787,1803,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hiromi Sasaki</collectorName>
,
<specimenCode id="DBEB4207FFDBFF991154F895FCE7F8D2" box="[797,853,1803,1827]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">K447</specimenCode>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDBFF99112BF895FC2FF8D2" box="[866,925,1803,1827]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<specimenCode id="DBEB4207FFDBFF9911EFF895FC45F8D2" box="[934,1015,1803,1827]" collectionCode="S" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">S17009</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDBFF99107CF8B0FA7EF898" blockId="8.[533,1534,1629,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Ascomata subglobose, brown to dark greyish,
<quantity id="4CB54799FFDBFF991654F8B0FB3DF8B7" box="[1053,1167,1838,1862]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="20.0">20–70 mm</quantity>
in diam. Peridium warty, two layers, the outer layer pseudoparenchymatous and composed of irregular cells. Gleba whitish
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32BAF4FFDAFF98123AFB08FDB9FB1D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630818" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630818" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630818/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[115,143,1174,1193]" targetBox="[115,1536,208,1152]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDAFF98123AFB08FBA1FB32" blockId="9.[115,1517,1174,1260]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDAFF98123AFB08FB96FB58" bold="true" box="[115,1060,1174,1193]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig 4. Phylogenetic relationships among Asian black truffles based on MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1 sequences.</emphasis>
The phylogram was obtained by maximum likelihood inference under the TN93 model. SH-aLRT values and Bayesian posterior probabilities are shown as ML/BPP.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDAFF98123AFB47FDB9FB1D" blockId="9.[115,1517,1174,1260]" box="[115,523,1241,1260]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g004</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDAFF98105CFA90FBD6FA7F" blockId="9.[533,1535,1294,1873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">when young, becoming grayish brown to blackish at maturity with yellowish cream to white veins. Asci 1–5(–6)-spored, 59–72 × 50–59 μm, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid. Ascospores ellipsoid to subglobose with spiny ornamentation, brown to dark brown, (15–)21–35(–41) × (12–)15–26(–30) μm in diam excluding ornamentation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDAFF98107CFA07FD17FA07" blockId="9.[533,1535,1294,1873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Etymology:
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDAFF9810FDFA07FC3EFA40" authority="(Lat.)" baseAuthorityName="Lat." box="[692,908,1433,1457]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="longispinosum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDAFF9810FDFA07FCFAFA40" box="[692,840,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">longispinosum</emphasis>
(Lat.)
</taxonomicName>
, referring to “with long spine” from its spore ornamentation (Japanese name “
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDAFF9810B7FA25FC3BFA22" box="[766,905,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Iboseiyoshoro</emphasis>
” from
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDAFF98119FFA25FC44FA22" box="[982,1014,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ibo</emphasis>
= warts,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDAFF98161FFA25FB72FA22" box="[1110,1216,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">seiyoshoro</emphasis>
= Japanese name for the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFDAFF981010FA40FD24FA07" authorityName="Schroder, Medioli &amp; Scott" authorityYear="1989" box="[601,662,1502,1526]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFDAFF981010FA40FD24FA07" box="[601,662,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tuber</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFDAFF98107CF99FFA43F8A0" blockId="9.[533,1535,1294,1873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Ascomata: hypogeous,
<quantity id="4CB54799FFDAFF981160F99FFC2EF9E8" box="[809,924,1537,1561]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="20.0">20–70 mm</quantity>
in diam., subglobose and slightly lobed, firm, brown (10
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFDAFF98107FF9BAFDFBF9CD" box="[566,585,1572,1596]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">R</collectionCode>
4/8) to dark greyish (7.5YR 8/18), with low polygonal warts, 3–7 ridges, up to 900 μm high. Odor: aromatic, similar to seaweed or laver boiled in soy sauce when mature. Peridium: 400–800 μm thick, variable, pseudoparenchymatous, composed of two layers: outer layer 100– 200 μm thick, composed of irregular or ellipsoidal cells, 7–28 × 5–18 μm, with thick dark brown walls of 1–2 μm; inner layer 200–600 μm thick, composed of hyaline to yellowish, polygonal cells 5–15 × 5–10 μm that merge with glebal tissue of interwoven hyphae. Gleba: solid, whitish when young, becoming greyish brown to blackish at maturity, marbled with distinct, yellowish cream to whitish, meandering veins that merge at many points. Glebal tissue of interwoven hyphae: 3–8 μm broad with scattered cells, gelatinized, inflated up to 10 μm. Asci:
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32BAF4FFD8FF9A13A1FF55FC05FEE0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[488,516,203,222]" targetBox="[488,1536,208,1888]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A13A1FF55FC05FEE0" blockId="11.[488,1510,203,273]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A13A1FF55FD8BFF09" bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig 5. Phylogenetic relationships among Asian black truffles based on three combined datasets (ITS, β- tublin, and TEF1-α).</emphasis>
The phylogram was obtained by maximum likelihood inference under the TN93+I model. SH-aLRT values and Bayesian posterior probabilities are shown as ML/BPP.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A13A1FEB9FCCDFECB" blockId="11.[488,895,295,314]" box="[488,895,295,314]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g005</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A105CFEFDFA6AFDD9" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
typically subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, occasionally ellipsoid, variable depending on the number of spores, 59–72 × 50–59 μm (
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11E6FE18FC0FFE6C" box="[943,957,390,413]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 177), rarely stipitate, 1–5(–6)-spored. Ascospore: ellipsoid, whitish or hyaline (glass-like) when young, becoming light brown (5
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1705FE36FAD2FE31" box="[1356,1376,424,448]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
8/3) to dark brown (5YR 9/4) at maturity, 31–41 × 22–30 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A166BFE55FB84FE12" box="[1058,1078,459,483]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.3–1.6 (1-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A175EFE55FA97FE13" box="[1303,1317,459,482]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 18); 21–38 × 16– 29 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A102DFE73FDCAFDF4" box="[612,632,493,517]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.0–1.8 (2-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1110FE70FCD5FDF4" box="[857,871,494,517]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 78); 19–34 × 15–26 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A16C8FE73FB27FDF4" box="[1153,1173,493,517]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.1–1.7 (3-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A173FFE70FA36FDF4" box="[1398,1412,494,517]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 70); 15– 33 × 13–22 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A10F6FD8EFD61FDD9" box="[703,723,528,552]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.0–2.1 (4-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11FDFD8FFC70FDD9" box="[948,962,529,552]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 146); 16–31 × 12–20 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A16A0FD8EFB4FFDD9" box="[1257,1277,528,552]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.1–1.8 (5-spored,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A105CFDADFB44FD9C" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A105CFDADFD91FDBB" box="[533,547,563,586]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 118); 15–26 × 13–18 μm,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1102FDADFCEDFDBA" box="[843,863,563,587]" country="Ecuador" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14273" name="Universidad Central" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">Q</collectionCode>
= 1.0–1.8 (6-spored,
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1676FDADFBFFFDBB" box="[1087,1101,563,586]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 24), excluding ornamentation, typically free spines, 3–7 (–12) μm (
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A112FFDC8FCC6FD9C" box="[870,884,598,621]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
= 430) in height with 1–4-μm bases.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A107CFDE6FA49FD42" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Habitat and distribution: The fruiting period is from July to January. Woodland or forest edges under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A10D5FD04FD61FD43" box="[668,723,666,690]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A10D5FD04FD61FD43" box="[668,723,666,690]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Abies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A10A8FD05FCF6FD42" box="[737,836,667,691]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A111FFD05FC04FD43" box="[854,950,667,690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A111FFD05FC04FD43" box="[854,950,667,690]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Carpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A118AFD05FB8BFD42" box="[963,1081,667,691]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
), and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1631FD05FB40FD43" box="[1144,1266,667,690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1631FD05FB40FD43" box="[1144,1266,667,690]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A176EFD05FACFFD43" box="[1319,1405,667,690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A176EFD05FACFFD43" box="[1319,1405,667,690]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A17C3FD05FA42FD42" box="[1418,1520,667,691]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A107CFD23FD0EFB84" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Additional specimens examined (
<typeStatus id="54F654DEFFD8FF9A11D1FD23FBB6FD24" box="[920,1028,701,725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFD8FF9A165DFD23FBD4FD24" box="[1044,1126,701,725]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFD8FF9A1639FD23FA33FD24" box="[1136,1409,701,725]" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">KANAGAWA Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Atsugi City, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A10DDFD7EFC74FD09" authority="Maxim." authorityName="Maxim." box="[660,966,736,760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tschonoskii">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A10DDFD7EFCD9FD09" box="[660,875,736,760]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Carpinus tschonoskii</emphasis>
Maxim.
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A11B0FD7EFB44FD09" authority="Murray" authorityName="Murray" box="[1017,1270,736,760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11B0FD7EFB2EFD09" box="[1017,1180,736,760]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Quercus serrata</emphasis>
Murray
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A1749FD7EFACAFD09" box="[1280,1400,736,760]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2007-12-09">9 Dec 2007</date>
, collected by Hiromi Sasaki,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A10F0FC9DFD79FCEA" box="[697,715,771,795]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
230 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A10B7FC9DFC8BFCEA" box="[766,825,771,795]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A110BFC9DFCFDFCEA" box="[834,847,771,795]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17001); Hayama-cho, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1637FC9DFCD7FCCC" authority="(Makino) Hatsushima ex Yamazaki et Masiba" authorityName="Yamazaki et Masiba" baseAuthorityName="Makino" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sieboldii">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1637FC9DFAE1FCEB" box="[1150,1363,770,794]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Castanopsis sieboldii</emphasis>
(Makino) Hatsushima ex Yamazaki et Masiba
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A11D3FCB8FB3DFCCC" authority="Thunb." authorityName="Thunb." box="[922,1167,805,829]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11D3FCB8FB8AFCCC" box="[922,1080,805,829]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
Thunb.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A16D0FCBBFAAFFCCC" box="[1177,1309,805,829]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2002-12-30">30 Dec 2002</date>
, collected by Hiromi Sasaki,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A102AFCD6FDC7FC91" box="[611,629,840,864]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
70 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A10D5FCD6FD65FC91" box="[668,727,840,864]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1096FCD6FD5EFC91" box="[735,748,840,864]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17002); Ibid.,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A1137FCD6FC4DFC91" box="[894,1023,840,864]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2004-10-25">25 Oct 2004</date>
, collected by Kazuhide
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFD8FF9A16BEFCD6FA9CFC91" box="[1271,1326,840,864]" country="Japan" name="Nara" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Nara</collectingRegion>
,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1771FCD6FAF9FC91" box="[1336,1355,840,864]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
52 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A173BFCD6FA1FFC91" box="[1394,1453,840,864]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A105CFCF5FD90FC72" box="[533,546,875,899]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17004); Ibid.,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A10FDFCF5FC8AFC72" box="[692,824,875,899]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2005-12-23">23 Dec 2005</date>
, collected by Hiromi Sasaki,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1620FCF5FBC9FC72" box="[1129,1147,875,899]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
466 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A16E7FCF5FB5BFC72" box="[1198,1257,875,899]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A16BBFCF5FB4DFC72" box="[1266,1279,875,899]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17003);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFD8FF9A171AFCF5FD37FC54" country="Japan" name="Shizuoka" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SHIZUOKA Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Izu City, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A117CFC13FBF4FC54" authority="Sieb. Et Zucc." authorityName="Sieb. Et Zucc." box="[821,1094,909,933]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="firma">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A117CFC13FC1CFC54" box="[821,942,909,933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Abies firma</emphasis>
Sieb. Et Zucc.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1606FC10FAF5FC54" authority="Blume" authorityName="Blume" box="[1103,1351,909,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salicina">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1606FC10FB48FC54" box="[1103,1274,909,933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Quercus salicina</emphasis>
Blume
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1736FC10FA54FC54" box="[1407,1510,909,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1736FC10FA20FC54" box="[1407,1426,910,933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A17D7FC10FA54FC54" box="[1438,1510,910,933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A105CFC2EFD20FC39" box="[533,658,944,968]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2003-01-31">31 Jan 2003</date>
, collected by Hiromi Sasaki,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A118AFC2EFC64FC39" box="[963,982,944,968]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
395 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1641FC2EFBF1FC39" box="[1032,1091,944,968]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1605FC2EFBEBFC39" box="[1100,1113,944,968]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17005);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFD8FF9A16E4FC2EFACAFC39" box="[1197,1400,944,968]" country="Japan" name="Kochi" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">KOCHI Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Umaji Village, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A10D8FC4DFD41FC1A" box="[657,755,979,1003]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A10D8FC4DFD16FC1B" box="[657,676,979,1002]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A10F9FC4DFD41FC1A" box="[688,755,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A116EFC4DFC3FFC1B" box="[807,909,979,1003]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A116EFC4DFC88FC1B" box="[807,826,979,1002]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A110CFC4DFC3FFC1B" box="[837,909,979,1002]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A11D3FC4DFBBCFC1A" box="[922,1038,979,1003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2017-02-03">3 Feb 2017</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1651FC4DFB97FC1A" box="[1048,1061,979,1003]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
71 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1602FC4DFB34FC1A" box="[1099,1158,979,1003]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A16C6FC4DFB2EFC1A" box="[1167,1180,979,1003]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17006);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFD8FF9A16B9FC4DFA0BFC1A" box="[1264,1465,979,1003]" country="Japan" name="Ehime" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">EHIME Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Matsuyama City,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A1099FC6BFCE3FBFC" box="[720,849,1013,1037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2006-10-14">14 Oct 2006</date>
, collected by Fumitaka Nagao,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A16D3FC6BFB1EFBFC" box="[1178,1196,1013,1037]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
209 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1696FC6BFAA8FBFC" box="[1247,1306,1013,1037]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A176AFC6BFA82FBFC" box="[1315,1328,1013,1037]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17007);
<collectingRegion id="4989249EFFD8FF9A17CDFC6BFDD3FBC1" country="Japan" name="Oita" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">OITA Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Saiki City, under
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A116AFB86FC1EFBC1" box="[803,940,1048,1072]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A116AFB86FCCBFBDE" box="[803,889,1048,1071]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Quercus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A11FFFB86FB85FBC1" box="[950,1079,1048,1072]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2003-10-17">17 Oct 2003</date>
, collected by Yoichi Sunada,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1723FB86FACFFBC1" box="[1386,1405,1048,1072]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
401 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A17E6FB86FA58FBC1" box="[1455,1514,1048,1072]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A105CFBA5FD90FBA2" box="[533,546,1083,1107]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17008); Yufuin-cho,
<date id="FFF3CCBCFFD8FF9A10B4FBA5FCCFFBA2" box="[765,893,1083,1107]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2007-09-29">29 Sep 2007</date>
, collected by Atsuko Hadano and Hiromi Sasaki,
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A17C0FBA5FA29FBA2" box="[1417,1435,1083,1107]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
225 (
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1054FBC3FDEAFB84" box="[541,600,1117,1141]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12831" name="Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">TFM</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5C72B9FFD8FF9A1028FBC3FDDCFB84" box="[609,622,1117,1141]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
17010).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2EA7CFFD8FF9A107CFB1EFB94FA99" blockId="11.[533,1535,355,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Additional comments:
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1163FB1FFC68FB69" box="[810,986,1152,1176]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="longispinosum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1163FB1FFC88FB69" box="[810,826,1153,1176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A110FFB1EFC68FB69" box="[838,986,1152,1176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">longispinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have more five-spored asci than the other species, but the frequency of five-spored asci varies depending on specimens; observations of two or more specimens are needed. Sakae Takayama and Shoichi Yoshimi first found a black truffle in
<collectingCountry id="F35AAAECFFD8FF9A1078FB76FDDFFAF1" box="[561,621,1256,1280]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Japan</collectingCountry>
and identified it as
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1177FB77FC1DFAF1" box="[830,943,1256,1280]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1177FB77FCFCFAF1" box="[830,846,1257,1280]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1110FB76FC1DFAF1" box="[857,943,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">indicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Japanese name “
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1625FB76FB45FAF1" box="[1132,1271,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Iboseiyoshoro</emphasis>
”) [
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC978DFFD8FF9A1755FB76FA87FAF1" author="Aoki M" box="[1308,1333,1256,1280]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="137 - 140" refId="ref11869" refString="42. Aoki M; The Amateur Association for Mushroom Research, Japan 2. In: Nabe M, editor. Illustrations of Japanese Mushrooms. Vol. VI: Ascomycotina Myxomycetes. Kobe: 2008. p. 137 - 140." type="book chapter" year="2008">42</bibRefCitation>
]. The ascospores exhibit surface ornamentation with conspicuously long spines that were 4–8 (–10) μm high with 4 μm bases, which correspond to the
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A119BFAB0FB30FAB4" box="[978,1154,1325,1350]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="longispinosum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A119BFAB0FC50FAB4" box="[978,994,1326,1349]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11A7FAB3FB30FAB4" box="[1006,1154,1325,1349]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">longispinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
characters. Therefore, we assigned the Japanese “
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A10E0FACEFCF0FA99" box="[681,834,1360,1384]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Iboseiyoushoro</emphasis>
” to
<taxonomicName id="4C4D91FFFFD8FF9A1139FACFFB92FA99" box="[880,1056,1360,1384]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Paxillaceae" genus="Tuber" kingdom="Fungi" order="Boletales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="longispinosum">
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A1139FACFFC32FA99" box="[880,896,1361,1384]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B939366EFFD8FF9A11C5FACEFB92FA99" box="[908,1056,1360,1384]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">longispinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>