192 lines
22 KiB
XML
192 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="5DF2C94F809E04266B959C9B678EFF6D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4000.3.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7d59f2ba-64d9-4aad-8b7d-0b317faf4455" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="232100" ID-ZooBank="2B105E46-B384-403D-BA1D-955965BF7AA8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461188934719" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Poeta, Maria Rita Muniz & Lise, Arno Antonio" docDate="2015" docId="EA7B0270124AFFE3FF452E056D1CFC5A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04000p400.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4000 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Alpaida machala Levi 1988" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="398" masterDocId="16427A08124AFFE2FFD2294A6E2BFFF3" masterDocTitle="On the males of the orb-weaving spiders Alpaida nigrofrenata (Simon, 1895), A. machala Levi, 1988, and A. cisneros Levi, 1988 (Araneae, Araneidae) and a new synonymy" masterLastPageNumber="400" masterPageNumber="397" pageNumber="397" updateTime="1698600374342" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="B228B369FDF5CBAFB5C7F745FAB24395">On the males of the orb-weaving spiders Alpaida nigrofrenata (Simon, 1895), A. machala Levi, 1988, and A. cisneros Levi, 1988 (Araneae, Araneidae) and a new synonymy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="598FC9218695901FEB91747687EB6A0C">Poeta, Maria Rita Muniz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="32F23EFF91F972E158C0AE82392178A8">Lise, Arno Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4F74A4D71B09AD19A45E93AC8485DE0D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0C28D3A3216BCCE19AF33BBC7091326F">
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<mods:date id="D984CDE1238B085FFF40BA64DF65200B">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="C1332AF0BB80043BE779B6696D161C5F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4000.3.7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="EA7B0270124AFFE3FF452E056D1CFC5A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6094621" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119629201" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6094621" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA7B0270124AFFE3FF452E056D1CFC5A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EA7B0270124AFFE3FF452E056D1CFC5A" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="0" pageNumber="397">
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<subSubSection id="2AC8E0ED124AFFE2FF452E056F27F87A" pageId="0" pageNumber="397" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="626DB366124AFFE2FF452E056FC6F89A" blockId="0.[151,493,1871,1929]" box="[151,493,1871,1897]" pageId="0" pageNumber="397">
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<heading id="3925040A124AFFE2FF452E056FC6F89A" bold="true" box="[151,493,1871,1897]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="397" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="A5D2C8E5124AFFE2FF452E056FC6F89A" ID-CoL="C5WV" authority="Levi, 1988" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,493,1871,1897]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="machala">
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<emphasis id="50A66F74124AFFE2FF452E056FC6F89A" bold="true" box="[151,493,1871,1897]" pageId="0" pageNumber="397">
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<emphasis id="50A66F74124AFFE2FF452E056F4EF89A" bold="true" box="[151,357,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="397">Alpaida machala</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0643CE97124AFFE2FEBE2E056FC6F89A" author="Levi" box="[364,493,1871,1897]" pageId="0" pageNumber="397" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 151, 365 - 487." type="journal article" year="1988">Levi, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="626DB366124AFFE2FF452E386F27F87A" blockId="0.[151,493,1871,1929]" box="[151,268,1906,1929]" pageId="0" pageNumber="397">
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(
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<figureCitation id="FAE9AFE3124AFFE2FF4D2E386F28F87A" box="[159,259,1906,1929]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[415,1164,184,1471]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[397,1189,174,1485]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Alpaida nigrofrenata (Simon, 1895). 1, Male palp, mesal; 2, male habitus. Alpaida machala Levi, 1988. 3, Male palp, mesal; 4, male habitus. Alpaida cisneros Levi, 1988. 5, Male palp, mesal; 6, male habitus. Abbreviations: A, terminal apophysis; C, conductor; E, embolus; M, median apophysis, P, paracymbium; PM, paramedian apophysis; R, radix, T, tegulum. Scale bars, 1, 3, 5, 0.25 mm; 2, 4, 6, 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232101/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="397">
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Figs.
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<docIssue id="26B1CC89124AFFE2FF092E386EC1F87A" box="[219,234,1906,1929]" pageId="0" pageNumber="397">3</docIssue>
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, 4
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</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2AC8E0ED124AFFE2FF452EFD6B5CF81C" pageId="0" pageNumber="397" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="626DB366124AFFE2FF452EFD6B5CF81C" blockId="0.[151,1435,1975,2031]" pageId="0" pageNumber="397">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="42C29448124AFFE2FF452EFD6B5CF81C" infered="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="397">
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<taxonomicName id="A5D2C8E5124AFFE2FF452EFD6C25F83C" ID-CoL="C5WV" authority="Levi, 1988: 470" authorityName="Levi" authorityPageNumber="470" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,526,1975,1999]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="machala">
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<emphasis id="50A66F74124AFFE2FF452EFD6F7AF83C" box="[151,337,1975,1999]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="397">Alpaida machala</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="E3739577124AFFE2FE892EF26C25F83C" author="Levi" box="[347,526,1976,1999]" page="470" pageId="0" pageNumber="397" year="1988">
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<bibRefCitation id="0643CE97124AFFE2FE892EF26FFEF83C" author="Levi" box="[347,469,1976,1999]" pageId="0" pageNumber="397" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 151, 365 - 487." type="journal article" year="1988">Levi, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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: 470
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, figures 559–563. Female
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<typeStatus id="BD690DC4124AFFE2FCE42EF26DB8F83C" box="[822,915,1976,1999]" pageId="0" pageNumber="397" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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from Buenavista (
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<quantity id="A52A1E83124AFFE2FBB02EF26A81F83C" box="[1122,1194,1976,1999]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="397" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="A5D2C8E5124AFFE2FB062EF26B1FF83C" ID-CoL="C5WV" box="[1236,1332,1976,1999]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="machala">Machala</taxonomicName>
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), El Oro,
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<collectingCountry id="1AC5F3F6124AFFE2FF152E926F09F81C" box="[199,290,2008,2031]" name="Ecuador" pageId="0" pageNumber="397">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="166C95A6124AFFE2FEFE2E926F83F81C" box="[300,424,2008,2031]" pageId="0" pageNumber="397" value="1942-11-20">20.XI.1942</date>
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, R. Walls. Deposited in California Academy of Sciences (CAS, not examined). WSC 2015.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2AC8E0ED124BFFE3FF4529D26A4BFF07" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="626DB366124BFFE3FF4529D26C1DFF22" blockId="1.[151,1436,151,937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
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<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FF4529D26F5DFF5C" bold="true" box="[151,374,152,175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="1AC5F3F6124BFFE3FEAC29D26C29FF5C" box="[382,514,152,175]" name="Ecuador" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
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, Pichincha:
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<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FD5429DD6D37FF5C" box="[646,796,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Pedro Vicente</emphasis>
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(Road from Quito to Puerto Quito),
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<geoCoordinate id="07E6D5A1124BFFE3FB7E29D26B25FF5C" box="[1196,1294,152,175]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" precision="925" value="-79.11667">79°07’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="07E6D5A1124BFFE3FAC829D26B5FFF5C" box="[1306,1396,152,175]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" precision="925" value="-0.083333336">00°05’S</geoCoordinate>
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, ♂,
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<date id="166C95A6124BFFE3FF4529F06F6FFF22" box="[151,324,186,209]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" value="1988-07-09" valueMax="1988-07-12" valueMin="1988-07-09">09–12.VII.1988</date>
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, W. Maddison (
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<collectionCode id="04C32BA3124BFFE3FE3929F06C01FF22" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[491,554,186,209]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">MCZ</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="626DB366124BFFE3FF1529976A4BFF07" blockId="1.[151,1436,151,937]" box="[199,1120,221,244]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
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||
<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FF1529976F28FF07" bold="true" box="[199,259,221,244]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Note.</emphasis>
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Male and female were considered conspecific for having the same color pattern.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2AC8E0ED124BFFE3FF15284A6DA0FE14" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="626DB366124BFFE3FF15284A6DA0FE14" blockId="1.[151,1436,151,937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
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<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FF15284A6F17FEE4" bold="true" box="[199,316,256,279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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The male of
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<taxonomicName id="A5D2C8E5124BFFE3FE1A29B56C54FEE4" box="[456,639,255,279]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="machala">
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<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FE1A29B56C54FEE4" box="[456,639,255,279]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Alpaida machala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is similar to those of
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<taxonomicName id="A5D2C8E5124BFFE3FCB129B56A81FEE4" authority="Keyserling, 1865" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1865" box="[867,1194,255,279]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncata">
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<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FCB129B56DF1FEE4" box="[867,986,255,279]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">A. truncata</emphasis>
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(Keyserling, 1865)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="A5D2C8E5124BFFE3FB0F29B56EE7FECA" authority="Levi, 1988" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1988" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="queremal">
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<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FB0F29B56B75FEE4" box="[1245,1374,255,279]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">A. queremal</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0643CE97124BFFE3FAB6284A6EE7FECA" author="Levi" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 151, 365 - 487." type="journal article" year="1988">Levi, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(see
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<bibRefCitation id="0643CE97124BFFE3FED528686F52FECA" author="Levi" box="[263,377,290,313]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 151, 365 - 487." type="journal article" year="1988">Levi 1988</bibRefCitation>
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||
, figures 569; 577) in having an elongate median apophysis, which contours the tegulum laterally. Males of
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<taxonomicName id="A5D2C8E5124BFFE3FF28280F6F58FEAF" box="[250,371,324,348]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="machala">
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||
<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FF28280F6F58FEAF" box="[250,371,324,348]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">A. machala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
differ from those of
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<taxonomicName id="A5D2C8E5124BFFE3FD9C280F6CFBFEAF" box="[590,720,324,348]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quaremal">
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||
<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FD9C280F6CFBFEAF" box="[590,720,324,348]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">A. quaremal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0643CE97124BFFE3FCD5280F6D5DFEAF" author="Levi" box="[775,886,325,348]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 151, 365 - 487." type="journal article" year="1988">Levi 1988</bibRefCitation>
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||
, figure 569) by the developed cylindrical projection in the basis of the median apophysis, by the rectangular-shaped conductor, and by a particularly short embolus that is almost totally hidden by the conductor (
|
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<figureCitation id="FAE9AFE3124BFFE3FD9728C06CACFE52" box="[581,647,394,417]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[415,1164,184,1471]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[397,1189,174,1485]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Alpaida nigrofrenata (Simon, 1895). 1, Male palp, mesal; 2, male habitus. Alpaida machala Levi, 1988. 3, Male palp, mesal; 4, male habitus. Alpaida cisneros Levi, 1988. 5, Male palp, mesal; 6, male habitus. Abbreviations: A, terminal apophysis; C, conductor; E, embolus; M, median apophysis, P, paracymbium; PM, paramedian apophysis; R, radix, T, tegulum. Scale bars, 1, 3, 5, 0.25 mm; 2, 4, 6, 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232101/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
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||
<taxonomicName id="A5D2C8E5124BFFE3FD4F28C06D3CFE52" box="[669,791,393,417]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="machala">
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||
<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FD4F28C06D3CFE52" box="[669,791,393,417]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">A. machala</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
can be easily distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="A5D2C8E5124BFFE3FB5128C06AD0FE52" box="[1155,1275,394,417]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncata">
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<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FB5128C06AD0FE52" box="[1155,1275,394,417]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">A. truncata</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
by the median apophysis apex, which narrows abruptly in the latter species (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0643CE97124BFFE3FCAB28E76DC7FE37" author="Levi" box="[889,1004,429,452]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 151, 365 - 487." type="journal article" year="1988">Levi 1988</bibRefCitation>
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||
, figure 577) and also by the lack of a modified tibia II, diagnostic in
|
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<taxonomicName id="A5D2C8E5124BFFE3FE3128856C70FE14" box="[483,603,463,487]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncata">
|
||
<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FE3128856C70FE14" box="[483,603,463,487]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">A. truncata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0643CE97124BFFE3FD41289A6D29FE14" author="Levi" box="[659,770,464,487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 151, 365 - 487." type="journal article" year="1988">Levi 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figure 578).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2AC8E0ED124BFFE3FF1528B86C22FC74" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="626DB366124BFFE3FF1528B86C7FFC97" blockId="1.[151,1436,151,937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
|
||
<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FF1528B86F79FDFA" bold="true" box="[199,338,498,521]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FE8828BB6FBAFDFA" box="[346,401,497,521]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(MCZ, Pichincha,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1AC5F3F6124BFFE3FDB728B86CE8FDFA" box="[613,707,498,521]" name="Ecuador" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Total length 3.70. Carapace length 1.75, width 1.40, height 0.60. Clypeus height 0.08. Sternum width 0.54. Abdomen length 2.15, width 1.25, height 1.30. Leg formula 1,4=2,3. Leg lengths (I/II/III/IV): femur 2.25/1.85/1.35/1.85; patella+tibia 2.45/2.00/1.30/1.95; metatarsus 1.50/1.25/0.90/1.35; tarsus 0.70/0.60/0.50/0.55. Total leg 6.90/5.70/4.05/5.70. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.10, PME 0.08, PLE 0.12; AME-ALE 0.12, PME-PLE 0.24, AME-AME 0.10, PME-PME 0.10. Median ocular area black, carapace and chelicerae pale yellow (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0643CE97124BFFE3FE1A2BEA6C11FD44" author="Levi" box="[456,570,672,695]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 151, 365 - 487." type="journal article" year="1988">Levi 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figure 562). Sternum dark-brown. Labium and endites dark-brown with white apex. Legs I and II pale yellow, except by the tibiae, metatarsus, and tarsus that are light-orange; legs III and IV totally pale yellow. Abdomen longer than wide; dorsally, partially bordered by white pigment, with a discolored central area with longitudinal paired white marks and a transversal one posteriorly; also there are dusky rounded marks on shoulders, as in the female (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0643CE97124BFFE3FEA52A606FCCFCB2" author="Levi" box="[375,487,810,833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 151, 365 - 487." type="journal article" year="1988">Levi 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figure 562). Venter with a dark-brown band from the spinnerets to the epigastric furrow, as the female (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0643CE97124BFFE3FE892A076FE0FC97" author="Levi" box="[347,459,845,868]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 151, 365 - 487." type="journal article" year="1988">Levi 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figure 563).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="626DB366124BFFE3FF152A256C22FC74" blockId="1.[151,1436,151,937]" box="[199,521,879,903]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
|
||
<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FF152A256F3CFC74" box="[199,279,879,903]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Female</emphasis>
|
||
: see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0643CE97124BFFE3FE9F2A3A6C2DFC74" author="Levi" box="[333,518,880,903]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 151, 365 - 487." type="journal article" year="1988">Levi (1988: 470)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2AC8E0ED124BFFE3FF152AD86D1CFC5A" box="[199,823,914,937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="626DB366124BFFE3FF152AD86D1CFC5A" blockId="1.[151,1436,151,937]" box="[199,823,914,937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
|
||
<emphasis id="50A66F74124BFFE3FF152AD86F72FC5A" bold="true" box="[199,345,914,937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1AC5F3F6124BFFE3FE8D2AD86F97FC5A" box="[351,444,914,937]" name="Ecuador" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Pichincha and El Oro (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0643CE97124BFFE3FD6B2AD86D07FC5A" author="Levi" box="[697,812,914,937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 151, 365 - 487." type="journal article" year="1988">Levi 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |