130 lines
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130 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document id="A59F91CACB6F61B3350F618F4DE4765F" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e4b701e-75de-45e2-89dc-223d460e755d" ID-PMC="PMC4283717" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-461-1" ID-PubMed="25561859" ID-ZooBank="350663FDE2024E61968548B2109EDFF8" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-461-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 461" ModsDocTitle="A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Hübner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Área de Conservación Guanacaste" checkinTime="1451244993677" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Phillips-Rodriguez, Eugenie, Powell, Jerry A., Hallwachs, Winnie & Janzen, Daniel H." docDate="2014" docId="F5B2116E2D6B09F24BBA61169FDFD391" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 461: 1-86" docOrigin="ZooKeys 461" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377" docTitle="Ethmia bittenella" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FFD67D05FF9E2613FFE7FFFAA724FFAC" masterDocTitle="A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Huebner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1701317000312" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5013A987E9E43A1D7CA57C212B562F93">A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Huebner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="841430DCD466F6E85E8B3B545FF64879">Phillips-Rodriguez, Eugenie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5D71EEC2715477102BD15DAEFE49E5BA">Powell, Jerry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2E2B83DB1F528E58C9CB9975D74425B2">Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6624D001D043B334918ABABDF7508C4D">Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0199EC54F7C2C2BAF8242911ED151875">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9B515B9159D11221692917503CEEB209">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CA7DCFB3B9E147F4C918A080B525CE19">
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<mods:date id="51CFBF814DCEA1D31526DB45363A7179">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="053C7310685AB0EFA0F60AF17B7E6610" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="92EE2DB42EE855FEEE203F96E854F7EB">461</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="20501BDE1251439AE57D42D587107D42">86</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="8FD97556F5F8F5D11DF3149D48851D86">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="9635BF20C467C17BF6B0D7D5F9B1C753">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3D5B8C951C26C0AE1573490800356734" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="08ED3D13D1D1551B7FC32A7886B7ADC4" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-461-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F5B2116E2D6B09F24BBA61169FDFD391" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192935950" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5B2116E2D6B09F24BBA61169FDFD391" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F5B2116E2D6B09F24BBA61169FDFD391" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="AC25F21DC9D14C69A8962F9B4F24306F" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="D3BF77593F578F386BADB651D7CB22E9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Depressariidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="85B2A1EECB2B94165DC5CDD9C25FCE26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1A513F782EB5BCE5ACD369711029693E" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="BA67C19064C22730C190C5FEA8A375BA" ID-CoL="3BLCZ" authority="Busck" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia bittenella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bittenella">Ethmia bittenella (Busck)</taxonomicName>
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Figures 2, 47, 92, 147
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AB981292257465E59A075DC67A9F1C4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8E10251CB9C3A58E6809D340ADF43F18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="2A141B27AA26059DFEDDD51252D7BAE5" genus="Tamarrha" lsidName="Tamarrha bittenella" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species" species="bittenella">Tamarrha bittenella</taxonomicName>
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Busck, 1906: 730.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A39E8E5C92172FAB1111273331EC2F9C" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="33B3189C10A1B6F15C2468D30AA9D1FE" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia bittenella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bittenella">Ethmia bittenella</taxonomicName>
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Meyrick, 1914: 28;
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<bibRefCitation id="9667A3402A7762912A32ED7470ED62E7" author="Powell, JA" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" title="A systematic monograph of New World Ethmiid moths." volume="120" year="1973">Powell 1973</bibRefCitation>
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: 119.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1E12E8ED237985A461D2CD2FA4C6EA0B" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="E7435258C3C19F7AEBC67F284082F353" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6B7101F614B454887480F15B98FA5D4E" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="612DD2AEA3E7689EF531ADB9EA8A569B" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia bittenella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bittenella">Ethmia bittenella</taxonomicName>
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is most similar to
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<taxonomicName id="57ECC817B1825EA73CF80F15954153C0" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia delliella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delliella">Ethmia delliella</taxonomicName>
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but can be distinguished by its smaller size, the FW pattern composed of groups of small dark dots, and the presence of a FW gray costal margin.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E83FFB1BACF97B87BF33CC8AD4AEEAF1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C6302D26A84A0A27F763802C71177E37" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3EA478D794EFCF641CFA04CFBF8E8B90" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Male: FW length 7.8-8.3 mm (n = 4). Head: Scaling of front and crown smooth, white. Thorax: Pronotal scaling white; paired large spots, black, reflecting metallic blue, between tegulae and on scutellum. FW ground color white, markings blackish brown; a round spot on posterior half near base; gray costal margin. HW whitish basally, becoming pale brownish apically; costa dorsally with thick ochreous hair pencil from base to end of cell. Abdomen: Genitalia (Fig. 47) with uncus short, hood like; basal processes short, about 1.2
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<normalizedToken id="BE4D99C2964C09F75C907ABE1B3BE892" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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uncus length; spines of anterior portion of gnathos large, valva large in relation to tegumen, with apical notch 0.20
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<normalizedToken id="1061160A8FA9457D83A88E34D1BDACF3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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of valva.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AEEA10085538AD63AD6B47E73919B190" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Female: FW length 8.7-9.8 mm (n = 3). Head and thorax: As described for male, HW unmodified. Abdomen: Genitalia (Fig. 92) with sterigma wide surrounding ostium; ductus unsclerotized; signum as in
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<taxonomicName id="708024BC150BB90011C589FC9BAD73DD" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia delliella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delliella">Ethmia delliella</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1BB7D2B701C567930953B224249E19AE" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">
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<paragraph id="F527C385C031CE7DF4A4C2F23977D2B0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C5EEFC85D896E316E6CAFE132F53EDF3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Female: USA, Texas, Brownsville, in copula, 29 May 1904. USNM Type No. 9272 [USNM, examined].</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C72BE5F4C270EB747CAEBE3E25C89834" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution and biology">
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<paragraph id="FB8E25070E67821420CD3B8C58EEE4DA" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C8AE7755A612494DC3BE79AFF9F6B6D4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="BBFF831ABEAE8CC702F0717EA53DC5F5" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia bittenella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bittenella">Ethmia bittenella</taxonomicName>
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has been collected from Texas to southern Mexico and in northwestern Costa Rica (
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<bibRefCitation id="7CB84FA280B0FEB09FD381F92395B006" author="Powell, JA" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" title="A systematic monograph of New World Ethmiid moths." volume="120" year="1973">Powell 1973</bibRefCitation>
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). In Costa Rica (Fig. 147) it is a common species in the dry forest of ACG, and has been found from 100 to 600 m on both slopes of the Cordillera
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<normalizedToken id="C770826129CABB98C2107C51B225112E" originalValue="Volcánica">Volcanica</normalizedToken>
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de Guanacaste, the Cordillera
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<normalizedToken id="C2B6632DF87F71E71239BD9D6A22BB80" originalValue="Tilarán">Tilaran</normalizedToken>
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, and
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<normalizedToken id="9D0725EF68736B62C141F2CBBEB000B4" originalValue="Península">Peninsula</normalizedToken>
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de Nicoya. The food plant and immature stages are unknown. However, barely legible labels on Texas specimens say
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<normalizedToken id="9B78EE51713A209E1ACFDA85B1F10F43" originalValue="“anacua”">"anacua"</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken id="B48EC32008312521C66C4621267065D5" originalValue="“anagua”">"anagua"</normalizedToken>
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, which suggest that this species feeds on
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<taxonomicName id="0F8877A412684ED8C1DEEBFBAC3CC5F4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ehretiaceae" genus="Ehretia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ehretia anacua" order="Boraginales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anacua">Ehretia anacua</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken id="96260DB57A984282641EAF564194DF4E" originalValue="Terán">Teran</normalizedToken>
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& Berland.) I.M. Johnst. (
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<taxonomicName id="7B5026BEB9A8DB12EFAF04554C83A59C" family="Boraginaceae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
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) in Texas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |