114 lines
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114 lines
14 KiB
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<document id="9DC5DE2926F5D7E5A659E24A30C20C9F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5134.2.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6534805" ID-ZooBank="3C3F497E-7B50-4E49-8983-D773581F18FD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1652171733176" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pyron, R. Alexander & Beamer, David A." docDate="2022" docId="DF5187BB5334FFE9FF588E9AFEACD5C2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5134.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5134 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Triton porphyriticus" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="180" masterDocId="2368FFC35329FFF4FFCF8D6DFFA9D37F" masterDocTitle="A nomenclatural and taxonomic review of the salamanders (Urodela) from Holbrook’s North American Herpetology" masterLastPageNumber="196" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="180" updateTime="1734705238574" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="51168EF82C98D7ED5C2DC1A099CCEBFC">
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<mods:title id="C747C1C48ADD3D276B71EC346442E64F">A nomenclatural and taxonomic review of the salamanders (Urodela) from Holbrook’s North American Herpetology</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="CF84B8C2F6F57B3AB60657364A6ED1E2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E37688A9CC9E5FB46FBFED2C72DDEC0C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9EB1B3653A11D563801FF888BEF751C7">Pyron, R. Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9CA5D007E328CA838E429C44D87651F7" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2524-1794</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="4D818C1A6490F635A01F3FD7CC4B931E">Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, 2023 G St. NW, Washington, DC 20052 rpyron @ colubroid. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2524 - 1794 & Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="896831161AAA2C75904D622A9AD02BBF" type="email">rpyron@colubroid.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="60DAF5E1F84A4C4516D5288788FBDF65">Beamer, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2D641349FD74ED9690BFE18E613C026F">Department of Natural Sciences, Nash Community College, Rocky Mount, NC 27804</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C93E489B73BDCB3B713BFE7069F6BA07">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E4C37954DF2FB40F35D2AAADABC80BC3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="90565A1D962C3EB15224A7D40EE8545B">
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<mods:date id="14022BB21161D59F61AC8A24DE2E3308">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8A5F2299F12841A9B808062FCB143DAF">2022-05-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8EE8E8010C2D90FF5E03D7BC8440ABB8">5134</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="0E87AB3D25D50F95C0CE0771CCC8C371" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5134.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="1FE265265334FFE9FF588E9AFDB7D76E" box="[151,542,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="574736AD5334FFE9FF588E9AFDB7D76E" blockId="29.[151,1437,1015,1725]" box="[151,542,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E5334FFE9FF588E9AFDB7D76E" authority="(Green, 1827)" baseAuthorityName="Green" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[151,542,1015,1041]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Triton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="porphyriticus">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF5334FFE9FF588E9AFED3D76E" box="[151,378,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Triton porphyriticus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5334FFE9FE478E9AFDBCD76E" author="Green, J." box="[392,533,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" pagination="3 - 8" refId="ref31270" refString="Green, J. (1827) An account of some new species of salamanders. Contributions of the Maclurian Lyceum to the Arts and Sciences, 1, 3 - 8." type="journal article" year="1827">Green, 1827</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1FE265265334FFE9FF088976FEACD5C2" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="574736AD5334FFE9FF088976FCD2D606" blockId="29.[151,1437,1015,1725]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5334FFE9FF088976FE04D74A" author="Holbrook, J. E." box="[199,429,1051,1077]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" refId="ref32745" refString="Holbrook, J. E. (1842 e) North American Herpetology: or, A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. Second Edition, Volume V. J. Dobson, Philadelphia, vi + 118 pp., XXXVIII pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 4997" type="book" year="1842">Holbrook (1842e:83</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 28) gave another brief description of a species he had not seen, the Spring Salamander (
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E5334FFE9FF6E8952FE7ED726" baseAuthorityName="Green" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[161,471,1087,1113]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Gyrinophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="porphyriticus">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF5334FFE9FF6E8952FE7ED726" box="[161,471,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Gyrinophilus porphyriticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). The crude drawing by J. Queen was copied from T. R. Peale’s original
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<typeStatus id="8843880F5334FFE9FA8A8952FA35D726" box="[1349,1436,1087,1113]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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illustration from
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5334FFE9FE9F890EFE4FD702" author="Green, J." box="[336,486,1123,1149]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" pagination="3 - 8" refId="ref31270" refString="Green, J. (1827) An account of some new species of salamanders. Contributions of the Maclurian Lyceum to the Arts and Sciences, 1, 3 - 8." type="journal article" year="1827">Green (1827)</bibRefCitation>
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, which we conclude to be USNM 3840 (see
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5334FFE9FC0B890EFB7BD702" author="Pyron, R. A. & Beamer, D. A." box="[964,1234,1123,1149]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" pagination="221 - 247" refId="ref34425" refString="Pyron, R. A. & Beamer, D. A. (2020) The herpetological legacy of Jacob Green and the nomenclature of some North American lizards and salamanders. Zootaxa, 4838 (2), 221 - 247. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4838.2.4" type="journal article" year="2020">Pyron and Beamer 2020</bibRefCitation>
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). Our examination revealed USNM 3840 to be in extremely poor condition, with the body broken in half, the tail fragmented, both front legs broken off and possibly missing, and many layers of tissue separating and delaminating throughout the specimen. We did not photograph it. However, the diagnostic
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<emphasis id="658CEABF5334FFE9FC9889A2FBBCD796" box="[855,1045,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">canthus rostralis</emphasis>
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is still clearly visible. In addition, the arrangement of the remaining pieces of the specimen still appear to conform to Peale’s illustration of a primary
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<typeStatus id="8843880F5334FFE9FF58887AFF47D64E" box="[151,238,1303,1329]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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in several key respects. Specifically, the body maintains a distinctive semi-circular curve to the left, and the two rear legs are adpressed to the tail. Additionally, the toes of the left foot are intact and uniquely arranged together, pointing in the same direction in a straight line with the lower leg.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="574736AD5334FFE9FF0888EEFEACD5C2" blockId="29.[151,1437,1015,1725]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
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Thus, contrary to
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5334FFE9FE5D88EEFDE1D6E1" author="Brandon, R. A." box="[402,584,1411,1438]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref29184" refString="Brandon, R. A. (1966) Systematics of the salamander genus Gyrinophilus. Illinois Biological Monographs, 35, 1 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 50088" type="journal article" year="1966">Brandon (1966)</bibRefCitation>
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, an original primary type is known, and thus MCZ A-35778 is disregarded as the
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<typeStatus id="8843880F5334FFE9FF2D88CAFE92D6BE" box="[226,315,1447,1473]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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in favor of USNM 3840, which we designate as the
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<typeStatus id="8843880F5334FFE9FC5688CAFBAAD6BE" box="[921,1027,1447,1473]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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. The location and disposition of the other primary
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<typeStatus id="8843880F5334FFE9FEF988A6FE31D69A" box="[310,408,1483,1509]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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is unknown.
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5334FFE9FDE388A6FD74D699" author="Brandon, R. A." box="[556,733,1483,1510]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref29184" refString="Brandon, R. A. (1966) Systematics of the salamander genus Gyrinophilus. Illinois Biological Monographs, 35, 1 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 50088" type="journal article" year="1966">Brandon (1966)</bibRefCitation>
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reported his efforts to locate Green’s specimen in Philadelphia, but was unaware of the existence of Green’s material in
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<collectingRegion id="953CF84F5334FFE9FCDB8882FC34D576" box="[788,925,1519,1545]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Washington</collectingRegion>
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. See
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5334FFE9FC178882FB55D576" author="Pyron, R. A. & Beamer, D. A." box="[984,1276,1519,1545]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" pagination="221 - 247" refId="ref34425" refString="Pyron, R. A. & Beamer, D. A. (2020) The herpetological legacy of Jacob Green and the nomenclature of some North American lizards and salamanders. Zootaxa, 4838 (2), 221 - 247. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4838.2.4" type="journal article" year="2020">Pyron and Beamer (2020)</bibRefCitation>
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for additional historical details on this specimen, Green’s collections, and their disposition at the ANSP and NMNH. As noted above, Holbrook was more familiar with this species under the junior subjective synonym
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E5334FFE9FB6F8B5AFF72D50A" authority="Storer" authorityName="Storer" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salmonea">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF5334FFE9FB6F8B5AFA35D52E" box="[1184,1436,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Salamandra salmonea</emphasis>
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Storer
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="658CEABF5334FFE9FF288B36FF54D50B" box="[231,253,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">in</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5334FFE9FEC68B36FE63D50A" author="Holbrook, J. E." box="[265,458,1627,1653]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" refId="ref32226" refString="Holbrook, J. E. (1838 b) North American Herpetology: or, A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. Vol. II. 1 st Edition. J. Dobson, Philadelphia, viii + 122 pp., XXX pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51821" type="book" year="1838">Holbrook 1838b</bibRefCitation>
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. Curiously, Queen’s copy of Peale’s original illustration omits the obvious
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<emphasis id="658CEABF5334FFE9FA8A8B36FF55D5E6" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">canthus rostralis,</emphasis>
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a conspicuous diagnostic feature for this species, while
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<collectorName id="FA0D537B5334FFE9FC4E8B12FBADD5E6" box="[897,1028,1663,1689]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">T. W. Hill’s</collectorName>
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drawing of
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E5334FFE9FB5D8B12FAB2D5E6" box="[1170,1307,1663,1689]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salmonea">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF5334FFE9FB5D8B12FAB2D5E6" box="[1170,1307,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">S. salmonea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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included it distinctly.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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