111 lines
13 KiB
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111 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="15B2AE3372638D65571683F6F8EA80C4" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5134.2.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6534805" ID-ZooBank="3C3F497E-7B50-4E49-8983-D773581F18FD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1652171733176" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pyron, R. Alexander & Beamer, David A." docDate="2022" docId="DF5187BB5321FFFCFF588F2AFDFDD0B6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5134.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5134 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Salamandra fasciata Green 1818" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="159" masterDocId="2368FFC35329FFF4FFCF8D6DFFA9D37F" masterDocTitle="A nomenclatural and taxonomic review of the salamanders (Urodela) from Holbrook’s North American Herpetology" masterLastPageNumber="196" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="159" updateTime="1734705238574" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="CB15B96AB18AA3865E0E6AFD4ACA088E">A nomenclatural and taxonomic review of the salamanders (Urodela) from Holbrook’s North American Herpetology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="716E856B1826E26026EE14AACFD0CC33">Pyron, R. Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D7FF40F8D7B4C21C6D84F0C70E9AA761" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2524-1794</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="4496923D3B6F5D12556029C325E28CEE">Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, 2023 G St. NW, Washington, DC 20052 rpyron @ colubroid. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2524 - 1794 & Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D649014A248667FAE9B230A3E6402874" type="email">rpyron@colubroid.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7AA4672FDDB824227D02535C14842D0C">Beamer, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BAF8D6A4ECF3C144BD6F275BB7FCC164">Department of Natural Sciences, Nash Community College, Rocky Mount, NC 27804</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="3856837C133220CC04B273AA17122F5B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BD9B2D2A465D7A6ABAD202266A196C5C">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BAC1858293C7CB361CB75884C1691DD0">2022-05-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6E47AFC22D3536C457497EED9F7F2207">5134</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="08A2E07BC0BC92CB6B7950C585336597" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5134.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="76206493ED17CAD3B34338CE20184920" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="1FE265265321FFFCFF588F2AFDB8D11E" box="[151,529,583,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="574736AD5321FFFCFF588F2AFDB8D11E" blockId="8.[151,1437,582,969]" box="[151,529,583,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E5321FFFCFF588F2AFDB8D11E" authority="Green, 1818" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1818" box="[151,529,583,609]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciata">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF5321FFFCFF588F2AFE29D11E" box="[151,384,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Salamandra fasciata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5321FFFCFE488F2AFDB8D11E" author="Green, J." box="[391,529,583,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" pagination="348 - 359" refId="ref31172" refString="Green, J. (1818) Descriptions of several species of North American Amphibia, accompanied with observations. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1, 348 - 359." type="journal article" year="1818">Green, 1818</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1FE265265321FFFCFDD78F2AFC4ED11E" box="[536,999,582,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="574736AD5321FFFCFDD78F2AFC4ED11E" blockId="8.[151,1437,582,969]" box="[536,999,582,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
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[=
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E5321FFFCFDFE8F2AFC49D11E" authority="Gravenhorst, 1807" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1807" box="[561,992,582,609]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="opaca">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF5321FFFCFDFE8F2AFCACD11F" box="[561,773,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Salamandra opaca</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5321FFFCFCC28F2AFC49D11E" author="Gravenhorst, J. L. C." box="[781,992,582,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref31037" refString="Gravenhorst, J. L. C. (1807) Vergleichende Uebersicht des Linneischen und einiger neuern zoologischen Systeme ... Nebst dem eingeschalteten Verzeichnisse der zoologischen Sammlung des Verfassers und den Beschreibungen neuer Thierarten, die in derselben vorhanden sind. H. Dieterich, Gottingen, 476 pp." type="book" year="1807">Gravenhorst, 1807</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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]
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1FE265265321FFFCFF088F06FDFDD0B6" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="574736AD5321FFFCFF088F06FDFDD0B6" blockId="8.[151,1437,582,969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5321FFFCFF088F06FE15D1FA" author="Holbrook, J. E." box="[199,444,619,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref32226" refString="Holbrook, J. E. (1838 b) North American Herpetology: or, A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. Vol. II. 1 st Edition. J. Dobson, Philadelphia, viii + 122 pp., XXX pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51821" type="book" year="1838">Holbrook (1838b:103</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 23) provided a brief account of the Marbled Salamander (
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E5321FFFCFBAE8F06FAEBD1FB" baseAuthorityName="Gravenhorst" baseAuthorityYear="1807" box="[1121,1346,619,645]" class="Amphibia" family="Ambystomatidae" genus="Ambystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="opacum">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF5321FFFCFBAE8F06FAEBD1FB" box="[1121,1346,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Ambystoma opacum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), which was widely known Green’s name until
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5321FFFCFD808FE2FD49D1D6" author="Baird, S. F." box="[591,736,654,681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" pagination="281 - 294" refId="ref28266" refString="Baird, S. F. (1850) " 1849 " Revision of the North American Tailed-Batrachia, with descriptions of new genera and species. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 2 (1), 281 - 294." type="journal article" year="1850">Baird (1850)</bibRefCitation>
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properly restored
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5321FFFCFC608FE2FB39D1D6" author="Gravenhorst, J. L. C." box="[943,1168,655,681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref31037" refString="Gravenhorst, J. L. C. (1807) Vergleichende Uebersicht des Linneischen und einiger neuern zoologischen Systeme ... Nebst dem eingeschalteten Verzeichnisse der zoologischen Sammlung des Verfassers und den Beschreibungen neuer Thierarten, die in derselben vorhanden sind. H. Dieterich, Gottingen, 476 pp." type="book" year="1807">Gravenhorst (1807)</bibRefCitation>
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’s description. Holbrook noted its broad distribution from
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<collectingRegion id="953CF84F5321FFFCFDCA8FDEFD0ED1B2" box="[517,679,691,717]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Massachusetts</collectingRegion>
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to
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<collectingRegion id="953CF84F5321FFFCFD068FDEFCDAD1B2" box="[713,883,691,717]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
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South
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E5321FFFCFCDF8FDEFCDAD1B2" box="[784,883,691,717]" class="Reptilia" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Carolina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Carolina</taxonomicName>
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</collectingRegion>
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, all the way to the “western” state of
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<collectingRegion id="953CF84F5321FFFCFAC28FDEFAE1D1B2" box="[1293,1352,691,717]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Ohio</collectingRegion>
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, stating that the specimen on which
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<collectorName id="FA0D537B5321FFFCFE168FBAFDFCD18E" box="[473,597,727,753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">T.W. Hill’s</collectorName>
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plate is based was from
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<collectorName id="FA0D537B5321FFFCFCB98FBAFC5BD18E" box="[886,1010,727,753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Dr. Binney</collectorName>
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in
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<collectingRegion id="953CF84F5321FFFCFBD68FBAFBD4D18E" box="[1049,1149,727,753]" country="United States of America" name="Vermont" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Vermont</collectingRegion>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C5321FFFCFB458FBAFADBD18E" author="Holbrook, J. E." box="[1162,1394,727,753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref32745" refString="Holbrook, J. E. (1842 e) North American Herpetology: or, A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. Second Edition, Volume V. J. Dobson, Philadelphia, vi + 118 pp., XXXVIII pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 4997" type="book" year="1842">Holbrook (1842e:71</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 23) reprinted the account essentially verbatim, but replaced Hill’s somewhat crude drawing with a more lifelike stone lithograph by
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<collectorName id="FA0D537B5321FFFCFEB68E72FD86D046" box="[377,559,799,825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">J. Queen. Based</collectorName>
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on the color pattern, both illustrations are of the same animal, but Hill’s may have been done from life, while Queen’s shows the legs contorted, as if in preservative. A specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E5321FFFCFAD58E2EFF59D0FF" baseAuthorityName="Gravenhorst" baseAuthorityYear="1807" class="Amphibia" family="Ambystomatidae" genus="Ambystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="opacum">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF5321FFFCFAD58E2EFF59D0FF" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Ambystoma opacum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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attributed to Holbrook is extant in Paris (MNHN-RA 0.4701). This specimen does not appear to match the illustrations from
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<emphasis id="658CEABF5321FFFCFE918EE6FD0AD0DA" box="[350,675,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
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<location id="522760765321FFFCFE918EE6FD0AD0DA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DF5187BB5321FFFCFF588F2AFDFDD0B6:522760765321FFFCFE918EE6FD0AD0DA" box="[350,675,907,933]" name="North American Herpetology" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" stateProvince="Massachusetts">North American Herpetology</location>
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</emphasis>
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and was likely preserved and donated later, likely hand-delivered by Holbrook during his 1842 visit to Paris.
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