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116 lines
13 KiB
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<document id="0D7E73A161182B55BA7934D9DE322C4C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5134.2.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6534805" ID-ZooBank="3C3F497E-7B50-4E49-8983-D773581F18FD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1652171733176" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pyron, R. Alexander & Beamer, David A." docDate="2022" docId="DF5187BB530AFFD0FF588A11FAA3D2F6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5134.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5134 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Menobranchus maculatus " Barnes 1827" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="186" masterDocId="2368FFC35329FFF4FFCF8D6DFFA9D37F" masterDocTitle="A nomenclatural and taxonomic review of the salamanders (Urodela) from Holbrook’s North American Herpetology" masterLastPageNumber="196" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="186" updateTime="1734705773183" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="13E35A69640990F59ABDD3A86EE21711">A nomenclatural and taxonomic review of the salamanders (Urodela) from Holbrook’s North American Herpetology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0B0352418CE354EE6EF6AE4DB79E64C7">Pyron, R. Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A83ACD03A3B9A305DF17CCF5B7CE50AB">Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, 2023 G St. NW, Washington, DC 20052 rpyron @ colubroid. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2524 - 1794 & Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EBB7EAAA8DA220A240044DDAF8504C26" type="email">rpyron@colubroid.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="466EF6D8EDDEE8D1ADFA8771339047A6">Beamer, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A2AFC90DBAF7C27C6DE27A2C67F3F217">Department of Natural Sciences, Nash Community College, Rocky Mount, NC 27804</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="D25140AA10797D9EF5FBC4F22308D211">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="95EC76B0D6E9043126F61AE54366BED5">
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<mods:date id="6974244E495B2D69082CE18032F8421D">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DAC78CE7118B98C73CB2B43DD87DB06F">2022-05-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="20EC9713545A390914BF4EA05D555A8C">5134</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="1FE26526530AFFD7FF588A11FDC4D4E9" box="[151,621,1916,1942]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="574736AD530AFFD7FF588A11FDC4D4E9" blockId="35.[151,1436,1915,2015]" box="[151,621,1916,1942]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E530AFFD7FF588A11FDCBD4E9" ID-CoL="3ZR22" authority="" Barnes, 1827" authorityName="" Barnes" authorityYear="1827" box="[151,610,1916,1942]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Menobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="35" pageNumber="186" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF530AFFD7FF588A11FE10D4E9" box="[151,441,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">Menobranchus maculatus</emphasis>
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“
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C530AFFD7FE058A11FDCBD4E9" author="Barnes, D. H." box="[458,610,1916,1942]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186" pagination="66 - 70" refId="ref28520" refString="Barnes, D. H. (1827) Note on the doubtful reptils. American Journal of Science and Arts, 13, 66 - 70." type="journal article" year="1827">Barnes, 1827</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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”
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1FE26526530AFFD7FDBB8A11FBB5D4E9" box="[628,1052,1915,1942]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="574736AD530AFFD7FDBB8A11FBB5D4E9" blockId="35.[151,1436,1915,2015]" box="[628,1052,1915,1942]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">
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[=
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E530AFFD7FD428A11FBBCD4E9" authority="Rafinesque, 1818" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1818" box="[653,1045,1915,1942]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Sirena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="35" pageNumber="186" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculosa">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF530AFFD7FD428A11FCEED4E9" box="[653,839,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">Sirena maculosa</emphasis>
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Rafinesque, 1818
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</taxonomicName>
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]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1FE26526530AFFD0FF088ACDFAA3D2F6" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="35" pageNumber="186" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="574736AD530AFFD0FF088ACDFAA3D2F6" blockId="35.[151,1436,1915,2015]" lastBlockId="36.[151,1437,151,394]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">
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In the final salamander account and penultimate species entry in
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<emphasis id="658CEABF530AFFD7FC018ACDFA8CD4C5" box="[974,1317,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">North American Herpetology,</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C530AFFD7FAFE8ACDFEB1D4A0" author="Holbrook, J. E." pageId="35" pageNumber="186" refId="ref32745" refString="Holbrook, J. E. (1842 e) North American Herpetology: or, A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. Second Edition, Volume V. J. Dobson, Philadelphia, vi + 118 pp., XXXVIII pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 4997" type="book" year="1842">Holbrook (1842e:115</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 38) offered a detailed account of the Mudpuppy,
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<emphasis id="658CEABF530AFFD7FC5F8AA8FBD7D4A1" box="[912,1150,1988,2014]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E530AFFD7FC5F8AA8FBD3D4A1" baseAuthorityName="Rafinesque" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[912,1146,1988,2014]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="35" pageNumber="186" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculosus">Necturus maculosus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Holbrook attributed this name to
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C530DFFD0FF348DFAFE34D3CE" author="Barnes, D. H." box="[251,413,151,177]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" pagination="66 - 70" refId="ref28520" refString="Barnes, D. H. (1827) Note on the doubtful reptils. American Journal of Science and Arts, 13, 66 - 70." type="journal article" year="1827">Barnes (1827)</bibRefCitation>
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, who was merely reiterating early uses of the subsequent misspelling
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E530DFFD0FB738DFAFEF6D3AA" authority="Rafinesque, 1819" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1819" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF530DFFD0FB738DFAFA35D3CE" box="[1212,1436,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Necturus maculatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C530DFFD0FF588DD6FEF6D3AA" author="Rafinesque, C. S." box="[151,351,187,213]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" pagination="417 - 429" refId="ref34913" refString="Rafinesque, C. S. (1819) Prodrome de 70 nouveaux genres d'animaux decouverts dans l'interieur des Etats-Unis d'Amerique, durant l'annee 1818. Journal de Physique, de Chimie, d'Histoire Naturelle et des Arts, 88, 417 - 429." type="journal article" year="1819">Rafinesque, 1819</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. As noted above, this species has a complex nomenclatural history (
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C530DFFD0FBAA8DD6FB45D3AA" author="Waite, F. C." box="[1125,1260,187,213]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" pagination="23 - 30" refId="ref36200" refString="Waite, F. C. (1907) Specific name of Necturus maculosus. The American Naturalist, 41 (481), 23 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 278699" type="journal article" year="1907">Waite 1907</bibRefCitation>
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), and Holbrook considered the juveniles to represent a distinct species (see account for
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E530DFFD0FC188DB2FB4FD386" baseAuthorityName="James" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[983,1254,223,249]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Menobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF530DFFD0FC188DB2FB4FD386" box="[983,1254,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Menobranchus lateralis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). The elaborate and detailed plate was not produced by any of Holbrook’s usual hired illustrators, but by “the Right Reverend J. H. Hopkins, Bishop of
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<collectingRegion id="953CF84F530DFFD0FEB88C4AFE72D23E" box="[375,475,295,321]" country="United States of America" name="Vermont" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Vermont</collectingRegion>
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” (see
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C530DFFD0FDD18C4AFD6FD23E" author="Stephens, L. D." box="[542,710,295,321]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" pagination="447 - 458" refId="ref35801" refString="Stephens, L. D. (1997) John Edwards Holbrook (1794 - 1871) and Lewis Reeve Gibbes (1810 - 1894): exemplary naturalists in the Old South. In: Pietsch, T. W. & Anderson, W. D. (Eds.), Collection Building in Ichthyology and Herpetology, Special Publication No. 3. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, Lawrence, Kansas, pp. 447 - 458." type="book chapter" year="1997">Stephens 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). Holbrook noted that he had never seen this species alive, which includes his
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<emphasis id="658CEABF530DFFD0FEED8C26FE6AD21A" box="[290,451,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">
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“
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E530DFFD0FEE28C26FE10D21A" baseAuthorityName="James" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[301,441,331,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Menobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">M. lateralis</taxonomicName>
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”
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</emphasis>
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as well. This account contains a great deal of verbiage originally included in
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C530DFFD0FAD18C26FF59D2F5" author="Holbrook, J. E." pageId="36" pageNumber="187" refId="ref32226" refString="Holbrook, J. E. (1838 b) North American Herpetology: or, A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. Vol. II. 1 st Edition. J. Dobson, Philadelphia, viii + 122 pp., XXX pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51821" type="book" year="1838">Holbrook’s (1838b)</bibRefCitation>
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account of
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<emphasis id="658CEABF530DFFD0FEBC8C02FDBCD2F6" box="[371,533,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">
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“
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E530DFFD0FEB18C02FDA2D2F6" baseAuthorityName="James" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[382,523,367,393]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Menobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">M. lateralis</taxonomicName>
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”
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</emphasis>
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(see above) but transferred here as his concept of the taxon shifted.
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</paragraph>
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