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<document id="4258593C0AF1684E7F38775A872C5CCE" ID-CLB-Dataset="26202" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4630.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="db6a16a6-0fe8-4987-8ad5-42223825fcd7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3336635" ID-ZooBank="8D375836-CCBA-473C-836F-6ABD44B4F881" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1563153150055" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Olmi, Massimo, Copeland, Robert S. &amp; Noort, Simon Van" docDate="2019" docId="03E987E2FF942A73FF3ED527FAB6F8F0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4630.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4630 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Crovettia Olmi 1984" docType="treatment" docVersion="40" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="FFD0FF9AFFAF2A48FFA9D64EFFE1FF87" masterDocTitle="Dryinidae of the Afrotropical region (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea)" masterLastPageNumber="619" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1698741107231" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6F39D9B3F4E18963A397F8FC7C3CF479">Dryinidae of the Afrotropical region (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F8DB1348ABE78153F982B75D311CD616">Olmi, Massimo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F78D2724186C00816B4861188EAD877E">Copeland, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AC5F20603FFC8106B9885BCFED309287">Noort, Simon Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F327E32DDAF2F7FAADE9113446A07801">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7AC60B615D316A6064572D9B5B61AAD3">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3FAA0CE4836FE3435D0A40FF6215746A">4630</mods:number>
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<paragraph id="8BFF36F4FF942A73FF3ED527FDEAFC04" blockId="59.[151,523,873,899]" box="[151,523,873,899]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="D0B78198FF942A73FF3ED527FDEAFC04" bold="true" box="[151,523,873,899]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FF3ED527FDEAFC04" bold="true" box="[151,523,873,899]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
2. Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C404D77FF942A73FEA5D527FDEAFC04" authority="Olmi, 1984" authorityName="Olmi" authorityYear="1984" box="[268,523,873,899]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Crovettia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FEA5D527FE9AFC04" bold="true" box="[268,379,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Crovettia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FE2BD527FDEAFC04" author="Olmi, M." box="[386,523,873,899]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 1913" refId="ref521356" refString="Olmi, M. (1984) A revision of the Dryinidae (Hymenoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 37, I-XII + 1 - 1913." type="journal article" year="1984">Olmi, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BFF36F4FF942A73FF3ED5E0FC20FC63" blockId="59.[151,1437,940,1119]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C404D77FF942A73FF3ED5E0FE71FC42" authority="Olmi 1984: 84" authorityName="Olmi" authorityPageNumber="84" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,400,940,965]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Crovettia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FF3ED5E0FF17FC42" box="[151,246,942,965]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Crovettia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FF52D5E2FE71FC42" author="Olmi, M." box="[251,400,940,965]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 1913" refId="ref521356" refString="Olmi, M. (1984) A revision of the Dryinidae (Hymenoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 37, I-XII + 1 - 1913." type="journal article" year="1984">Olmi 1984: 84</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FE33D5E2FDE0FC42" author="Olmi, M." box="[410,513,940,965]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="57 - 81" refId="ref522322" refString="Olmi, M. (1996 b) Taxonomic remarks on American Dryinidae, with descriptions of new species (Hymenoptera Chrysidoidea). Redia, 79, 57 - 81." type="journal article" year="1996">1996b: 60</bibRefCitation>
; Olmi
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FDEDD5E0FD91FC42" box="[580,624,941,965]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al</emphasis>
. 2000: 145;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FD44D5E0FC49FC42" author="He, J. &amp; Xu, Z." box="[749,936,941,965]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref518576" refString="He, J. &amp; Xu, Z. (2002) Hymenoptera Dryinidae. Fauna Sinica. Vol. 29. Science Press, Beijing, 464 pp." type="book" year="2002">He &amp; Xu 2002: 82</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FC1BD5E2FB45FC42" author="Virla, E. G. &amp; Olmi, M." box="[946,1188,940,965]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="357 - 372" refId="ref526905" refString="Virla, E. G. &amp; Olmi, M. (2008) Dryinidae. In: Claps, L. E., Debandi, G. &amp; Roig-Junent, S. (Eds.), Biodiversidad de Artropodos Argentinos. Vol. 2. Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, Mendoza, pp. 357 - 372." type="book chapter" year="2008">Virla &amp; Olmi 2008: 369</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FB07D5E0FEC2FC63" author="Moya-Raygoza, G. &amp; Olmi, M." pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="77 - 112" refId="ref520835" refString="Moya-Raygoza, G. &amp; Olmi, M. (2010 [&quot; 2008 &quot;]) A catalogue of Dryinidae of Mexico, with descriptions of the opposite sexes of some species (Hymenoptera Chrysidoidea). Frustula entomologica, New Series, 31, 77 - 112." type="journal article" year="2010">Moya-Raygoza &amp; Olmi 2010: 86</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FE87D582FE09FC63" author="Xu, Z. &amp; Olmi, M. &amp; He, J." box="[302,488,972,996]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 460" refId="ref527627" refString="Xu, Z., Olmi, M. &amp; He, J. (2013) Dryinidae of the Oriental region (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Zootaxa, 3614 (1), 1 - 460. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3614.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">
Xu
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FEFAD583FE61FC63" box="[339,384,972,996]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al</emphasis>
. 2013: 43
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FE5AD585FD3DFC63" author="Olmi, M. &amp; Virla, E. G." box="[499,732,971,996]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 534" refId="ref524787" refString="Olmi, M. &amp; Virla, E. G. (2014) Dryinidae of the Neotropical region (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Zootaxa, 3792, 1 - 534. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3792.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Olmi &amp; Virla 2014: 30</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FD4ED585FC5DFC63" author="Olmi, M. &amp; Xu, Z." box="[743,956,971,996]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref524873" refString="Olmi, M. &amp; Xu, Z. (2015) Dryinidae of the Eastern Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Zootaxa, 3996 (1), 1 - 253. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3996.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Olmi &amp; Xu 2015: 33</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF36F4FF942A73FF3ED5A4FD58FBA6" blockId="59.[151,1437,940,1119]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C404D77FF942A73FF3ED5A4FE52FB84" authority="Olmi 1984: 95" authorityName="Olmi" authorityPageNumber="95" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,435,1002,1027]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Biaphelopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FF3ED5A4FEF7FB85" box="[151,278,1002,1026]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Biaphelopus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FEB4D5A4FE52FB84" author="Olmi, M." box="[285,435,1002,1027]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 1913" refId="ref521356" refString="Olmi, M. (1984) A revision of the Dryinidae (Hymenoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 37, I-XII + 1 - 1913." type="journal article" year="1984">Olmi 1984: 95</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(synonymized by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FDDBD5A4FD10FB84" author="Olmi, M." box="[626,753,1002,1027]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="57 - 81" refId="ref522322" refString="Olmi, M. (1996 b) Taxonomic remarks on American Dryinidae, with descriptions of new species (Hymenoptera Chrysidoidea). Redia, 79, 57 - 81." type="journal article" year="1996">Olmi 1996b</bibRefCitation>
);
<typeStatus id="54FB8856FF942A73FCADD5A5FCD1FB84" box="[772,816,1003,1027]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C404D77FF942A73FC27D5A4FB3CFB84" authority="Olmi 1984" authorityName="Olmi" authorityYear="1984" box="[910,1245,1002,1027]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Biaphelopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FC27D5A4FB87FB85" box="[910,1126,1002,1026]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Biaphelopus masneri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FBC4D5A4FB3CFB84" author="Olmi, M." box="[1133,1245,1002,1027]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 1913" refId="ref521356" refString="Olmi, M. (1984) A revision of the Dryinidae (Hymenoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 37, I-XII + 1 - 1913." type="journal article" year="1984">Olmi 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy and original designation;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FE36D246FDA3FBA6" author="Olmi, M." box="[415,578,1032,1057]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="109 - 395" refId="ref521701" refString="Olmi, M. (1991 [&quot; 1989 &quot;]) Supplement to the revision of the world Dryinidae (Hymenoptera Chrysidoidea). Frustula entomologica, New Series, 12, 109 - 395." type="journal article" year="1991">Olmi 1991: 124</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FDE5D246FD54FBA6" author="Olmi, M." box="[588,693,1032,1057]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="57 - 81" refId="ref522322" refString="Olmi, M. (1996 b) Taxonomic remarks on American Dryinidae, with descriptions of new species (Hymenoptera Chrysidoidea). Redia, 79, 57 - 81." type="journal article" year="1996">1996b: 60</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF36F4FF942A73FF3ED266FEA2FBD8" blockId="59.[151,1437,940,1119]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C404D77FF942A73FF3ED266FE34FBC7" authority="Olmi 1991: 120" authorityName="Olmi" authorityPageNumber="120" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,469,1063,1088]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Paraphelopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FF3ED266FEC4FBC7" box="[151,293,1064,1088]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphelopus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FE86D269FE34FBC7" author="Olmi, M." box="[303,469,1063,1088]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="109 - 395" refId="ref521701" refString="Olmi, M. (1991 [&quot; 1989 &quot;]) Supplement to the revision of the world Dryinidae (Hymenoptera Chrysidoidea). Frustula entomologica, New Series, 12, 109 - 395." type="journal article" year="1991">Olmi 1991: 120</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(synonymized by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FD30D269FCFBFBC7" author="Olmi, M." box="[665,794,1063,1088]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="177 - 181" refId="ref522472" refString="Olmi, M. (1998 d) Gonatopus orangensis: a new species of Dryinidae from South Africa (Hymenoptera Chrysidoidea). Tropical Zoology, 11, 177 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03946975.1998.10539359" type="journal article" year="1998">Olmi 1998d</bibRefCitation>
);
<typeStatus id="54FB8856FF942A73FC86D266FCBAFBC7" box="[815,859,1064,1088]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C404D77FF942A73FC14D266FAFFFBC7" authority="Olmi 1991" authorityName="Olmi" authorityYear="1991" box="[957,1310,1063,1088]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Paraphelopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="townesi">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FC14D266FB43FBC7" box="[957,1186,1064,1088]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphelopus townesi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FB02D269FAFFFBC7" author="Olmi, M." box="[1195,1310,1063,1088]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="109 - 395" refId="ref521701" refString="Olmi, M. (1991 [&quot; 1989 &quot;]) Supplement to the revision of the world Dryinidae (Hymenoptera Chrysidoidea). Frustula entomologica, New Series, 12, 109 - 395." type="journal article" year="1991">Olmi 1991</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A657FFF942A73FF3ED2C3FC4EFB20" box="[151,943,1164,1191]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFF36F4FF942A73FF3ED2C3FC4EFB20" blockId="59.[151,1437,1164,1911]" box="[151,943,1164,1191]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FF3ED2C3FECAFB20" bold="true" box="[151,299,1164,1191]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<typeStatus id="54FB8856FF942A73FF3ED2C3FF33FB20" box="[151,210,1165,1191]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C404D77FF942A73FE90D2C3FD78FB20" authority="(Gahan 1918)" baseAuthorityName="Gahan" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[313,665,1165,1191]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Crovettia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theliae">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FE90D2C3FE14FB20" box="[313,501,1165,1191]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Crovettia theliae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FDADD2C3FD70FB20" author="Gahan, A. B." box="[516,657,1165,1191]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="151 - 152" refId="ref516956" refString="Gahan, A. B. (1918) An interesting new Hymenopterous parasite. The Canadian Entomologist, 50, 151 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 50151 - 5" type="journal article" year="1918">Gahan 1918</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A657FFF942A73FF6ED2FEFE64F918" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFF36F4FF942A73FF6ED2FEFE64F918" blockId="59.[151,1437,1164,1911]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FF6ED2FEFEDBFB4C" bold="true" box="[199,314,1200,1227]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<specimenCount id="9D46FD7DFF942A73FEE1D2FFFEBEFB4C" box="[328,351,1201,1227]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
: fully winged (
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FDA0D2FFFD90FB4C" box="[521,625,1201,1227]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1535,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,626,1509]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,626,1524]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 18. Crovettia sp. ♀ n dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov.: head in frontal view of ♂ specimen from Kenya, Muhaka Forest (C); forewing of holotype (D). Scale bar: A: 2.2 mm; B: 1.84 mm; C: 0.79 mm; D: 0.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336695/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
); epistomal suture touching antennal toruli (as in
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FB30D2FFFB1FFB4C" box="[1177,1278,1201,1227]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1535,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,626,1509]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,626,1524]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 18. Crovettia sp. ♀ n dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov.: head in frontal view of ♂ specimen from Kenya, Muhaka Forest (C); forewing of holotype (D). Scale bar: A: 2.2 mm; B: 1.84 mm; C: 0.79 mm; D: 0.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336695/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
); occipital ca- rina complete; antenna without ADOs; palpal formula 5/2, 5/3, 6/2, or 6/3; forewing with only costal cell enclosed by pigmented veins (as in
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FE69D2B7FDC4FA94" box="[448,549,1273,1299]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1535,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,626,1509]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,626,1524]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 18. Crovettia sp. ♀ n dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov.: head in frontal view of ♂ specimen from Kenya, Muhaka Forest (C); forewing of holotype (D). Scale bar: A: 2.2 mm; B: 1.84 mm; C: 0.79 mm; D: 0.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336695/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
) (rarely with C and R cells completely enclosed by pigmented veins: character not present in Afrotropical species (
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FD86D353FD5CFAB0" box="[559,701,1309,1335]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1535,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,626,1509]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,626,1524]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 18. Crovettia sp. ♀ n dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov.: head in frontal view of ♂ specimen from Kenya, Muhaka Forest (C); forewing of holotype (D). Scale bar: A: 2.2 mm; B: 1.84 mm; C: 0.79 mm; D: 0.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336695/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 18A, B</figureCitation>
)); forewing with pterostigma present and 2r-rs&amp;Rs vein straight (as in
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FF76D30FFEA6FADC" box="[223,327,1345,1371]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1535,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,626,1509]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,626,1524]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 18. Crovettia sp. ♀ n dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov.: head in frontal view of ♂ specimen from Kenya, Muhaka Forest (C); forewing of holotype (D). Scale bar: A: 2.2 mm; B: 1.84 mm; C: 0.79 mm; D: 0.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336695/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
), or angled between proximal and distal parts (character not present in Afrotropical species (
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FAC3D30FFF0AFAF8" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1535,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,626,1509]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,626,1524]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 18. Crovettia sp. ♀ n dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov.: head in frontal view of ♂ specimen from Kenya, Muhaka Forest (C); forewing of holotype (D). Scale bar: A: 2.2 mm; B: 1.84 mm; C: 0.79 mm; D: 0.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336695/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 18A, B</figureCitation>
)); course of forewing veins not marked by dark stripes; hind wing hyaline, with costal vein, without dark medial longitudinal stripe (
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FE65D3C7FDD7FA24" box="[460,566,1417,1443]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1535,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,626,1509]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,626,1524]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 18. Crovettia sp. ♀ n dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov.: head in frontal view of ♂ specimen from Kenya, Muhaka Forest (C); forewing of holotype (D). Scale bar: A: 2.2 mm; B: 1.84 mm; C: 0.79 mm; D: 0.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336695/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
); protarsus not chelate; tibial spurs 1/1/2.
<specimenCount id="9D46FD7DFF942A73FBBED3C7FBCEFA24" box="[1047,1071,1417,1443]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
: fully winged winged (
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FA90D3C7FA6FFA24" box="[1337,1422,1417,1443]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1203,1228]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,234,1186]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[151,1436,229,1190]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 19. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov., ♂ holotype: habitus in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view; head in frontal view (C); forewing (D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336697/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
); epistomal suture touching antennal toruli (
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FDD9D3E3FD36FA40" box="[624,727,1453,1479]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1535,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,626,1509]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,626,1524]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 18. Crovettia sp. ♀ n dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov.: head in frontal view of ♂ specimen from Kenya, Muhaka Forest (C); forewing of holotype (D). Scale bar: A: 2.2 mm; B: 1.84 mm; C: 0.79 mm; D: 0.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336695/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
); occipital carina complete; palpal formula 5/2, 5/3, 6/2, or 6/3; forewing with only costal cell enclosed by pigmented veins (
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FCE8D39FFC48FA6C" box="[833,937,1489,1515]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1535,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,626,1509]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,626,1524]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 18. Crovettia sp. ♀ n dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov.: head in frontal view of ♂ specimen from Kenya, Muhaka Forest (C); forewing of holotype (D). Scale bar: A: 2.2 mm; B: 1.84 mm; C: 0.79 mm; D: 0.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336695/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 18C</figureCitation>
) (or with C and R cells completely enclosed by pigmented veins (as in
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FE6AD3BBFDB1F988" box="[451,592,1525,1551]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1535,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,626,1509]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,626,1524]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 18. Crovettia sp. ♀ n dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov.: head in frontal view of ♂ specimen from Kenya, Muhaka Forest (C); forewing of holotype (D). Scale bar: A: 2.2 mm; B: 1.84 mm; C: 0.79 mm; D: 0.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336695/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 18A, B</figureCitation>
): character not present in Afrotropical species); forewing with pterostigma present and 2r-rs&amp;Rs vein straight (
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FD8CD057FD6CF9B4" box="[549,653,1561,1587]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1535,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,626,1509]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,626,1524]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 18. Crovettia sp. ♀ n dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov.: head in frontal view of ♂ specimen from Kenya, Muhaka Forest (C); forewing of holotype (D). Scale bar: A: 2.2 mm; B: 1.84 mm; C: 0.79 mm; D: 0.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336695/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
), or angled between proximal and distal parts (character not present in Afrotropical species); course of forewing veins not marked by dark stripes; hind wing (
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FBCAD073FB55F9D0" box="[1123,1204,1597,1623]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1203,1228]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,234,1186]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[151,1436,229,1190]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 19. Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov., ♂ holotype: habitus in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view; head in frontal view (C); forewing (D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336697/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
) hyaline, with costal vein, without dark medial longitudinal stripe; basivolsella situated completely below distivolsella apex (
<figureCitation id="137B2A71FF942A73FA80D02FFA9EF9FC" box="[1321,1407,1633,1659]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1849,1874]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,153,1825]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[151,1436,229,1190]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 20. ♂ genitalia of Crovettia afra Olmi, Copeland &amp; van Noort sp. nov.: A: holotype; B: specimen from Madagascar, 21°15.99’S 47°25.21’E; C: specimen from Kenya, 3.30958°S 39.96538°E. Scale bar: A: 0.20 mm; B: 0.16 mm; C: 0.19 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3336699/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 20</figureCitation>
A- C); tibial spurs 1/1/2.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A657FFF942A73FF6ED0E6FDD6F96F" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFF36F4FF942A73FF6ED0E6FDD6F96F" blockId="59.[151,1437,1164,1911]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FF6ED0E6FEB8F944" bold="true" box="[199,345,1704,1731]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Distribution</emphasis>
. Afrotropical, Australian, Oriental, Nearctic and Neotropical regions. Present at the Oriental bor- der of the Palaearctic region (
<collectingCountry id="F3577664FF942A73FE4BD083FDCAF96F" box="[482,555,1741,1768]" name="Nepal" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Nepal</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A657FFF942A73FF6ED0BFFD1CF88C" box="[199,765,1777,1803]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BFF36F4FF942A73FF6ED0BFFD1CF88C" blockId="59.[151,1437,1164,1911]" box="[199,765,1777,1803]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FF6ED0BFFEEBF88C" bold="true" box="[199,266,1777,1803]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Hosts</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C404D77FF942A73FEB1D0BFFD18F88C" authority="(Guglielmino &amp; Olmi 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Guglielmino &amp; Olmi" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[280,761,1777,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Membracidae (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FE68D0BFFD11F88C" author="Guglielmino, A. &amp; Olmi, M." box="[449,752,1777,1803]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="165 - 298" refId="ref517494" refString="Guglielmino, A. &amp; Olmi, M. (1997) A host-parasite catalog of world Dryinidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Contributions on Entomology, International, 2, 165 - 298." type="journal article" year="1997">Guglielmino &amp; Olmi 1997</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A657FFF942A73FF6ED15BFC2FF8A8" box="[199,974,1812,1839]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFF36F4FF942A73FF6ED15BFC2FF8A8" blockId="59.[151,1437,1164,1911]" box="[199,974,1812,1839]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FF6ED15BFE8DF8A8" bold="true" box="[199,364,1812,1839]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">World species</emphasis>
. 16 species are known, one in the Afrotropical region.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A657FFF942A73FF6ED176FAB6F8F0" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BFF36F4FF942A73FF6ED176FAB6F8F0" blockId="59.[151,1437,1164,1911]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FF6ED176FEC0F8D4" bold="true" box="[199,289,1848,1875]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Biology</emphasis>
. Species of
<taxonomicName id="4C404D77FF942A73FE03D177FDF2F8D4" authorityName="Olmi" authorityYear="1984" box="[426,531,1849,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Crovettia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B934EAE6FF942A73FE03D177FDF2F8D4" box="[426,531,1849,1875]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Crovettia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known for their completely endophagous parasitism and poliembriony. Their biology was studied in Nearctic species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FDC9D113FCF0F8F0" author="Matausch, I." box="[608,785,1885,1911]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref520589" refString="Matausch, I. (1909) Gynandromorphic Membracidae. Journal of the New York entomological Society, XVII, 165, pl. XIII." type="book" year="1909">Matausch 1909</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FCB5D113FCB7F8F0" author="Matausch, I." box="[796,854,1885,1911]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="194 - 196" refId="ref520615" refString="Matausch, I. (1911) The effects of parasitic castration in Membracidae. Journal of the New York entomological Society, XIX, 194 - 196." type="book chapter" year="1911">1911</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FCCBD113FBC7F8F0" author="Kornhauser, S. I." box="[866,1062,1885,1911]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="144 - 145" refId="ref519831" refString="Kornhauser, S. I. (1916) Changes in Thelia bimaculata (Fabricius) induced by insect parasites. Science, New Series, 43, 144 - 145." type="journal article" year="1916">Kornhauser 1916</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FB98D113FB8DF8F0" author="Kornhauser, S. I." box="[1073,1132,1885,1911]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="538 - 540" refId="ref519863" refString="Kornhauser, S. I. (1917) Further studies on changes in Thelia bimaculata brought about by insect parasites. The Anatomical Record, 11, 538 - 540." type="journal article" year="1917">1917</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FBDED113FB53F8F0" author="Kornhauser, S. I." box="[1143,1202,1885,1911]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="531 - 636" refId="ref519895" refString="Kornhauser, S. I. (1919) The sexual characteristics of the Membracid Thelia bimaculata (Fabr.). I. External changes induced by Aphelopus theliae (Gahan). Journal of Morphology, 32, 531 - 636. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / jmor. 1050320305" type="journal article" year="1919">1919</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B05FF942A73FB17D113FAABF8F0" author="Gahan, A. B." box="[1214,1354,1885,1911]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="151 - 152" refId="ref516956" refString="Gahan, A. B. (1918) An interesting new Hymenopterous parasite. The Canadian Entomologist, 50, 151 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 50151 - 5" type="journal article" year="1918">Gahan 1918</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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