Dryinidae of the Afrotropical region (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea) Author Olmi, Massimo Author Copeland, Robert S. Author Noort, Simon Van text Zootaxa 2019 2019-07-10 4630 1 1 619 journal article 26202 10.11646/zootaxa.4630.1.1 db6a16a6-0fe8-4987-8ad5-42223825fcd7 1175-5326 3336635 8D375836-CCBA-473C-836F-6ABD44B4F881 2. Genus Crovettia Olmi, 1984 Crovettia Olmi 1984: 84 ; 1996b: 60 ; Olmi et al . 2000: 145; He & Xu 2002: 82 ; Virla & Olmi 2008: 369 ; Moya-Raygoza & Olmi 2010: 86 ; Xu et al . 2013: 43 ; Olmi & Virla 2014: 30 ; Olmi & Xu 2015: 33 . Biaphelopus Olmi 1984: 95 (synonymized by Olmi 1996b ); type species: Biaphelopus masneri Olmi 1984 , by monotypy and original designation; Olmi 1991: 124 ; 1996b: 60 . Paraphelopus Olmi 1991: 120 (synonymized by Olmi 1998d ); type species: Paraphelopus townesi Olmi 1991 , by original designation. Type species . Crovettia theliae ( Gahan 1918 ) , by original designation. Diagnosis . ♀ : fully winged ( Fig. 18A ); epistomal suture touching antennal toruli (as in Fig. 18C ); occipital ca- rina complete; antenna without ADOs; palpal formula 5/2, 5/3, 6/2, or 6/3; forewing with only costal cell enclosed by pigmented veins (as in Fig. 18D ) (rarely with C and R cells completely enclosed by pigmented veins: character not present in Afrotropical species ( Figs 18A, B )); forewing with pterostigma present and 2r-rs&Rs vein straight (as in Fig. 18D ), or angled between proximal and distal parts (character not present in Afrotropical species ( Figs 18A, B )); course of forewing veins not marked by dark stripes; hind wing hyaline, with costal vein, without dark medial longitudinal stripe ( Fig. 18A ); protarsus not chelate; tibial spurs 1/1/2. ♂ : fully winged winged ( Fig. 19 ); epistomal suture touching antennal toruli ( Fig. 18C ); occipital carina complete; palpal formula 5/2, 5/3, 6/2, or 6/3; forewing with only costal cell enclosed by pigmented veins ( Figs 18C ) (or with C and R cells completely enclosed by pigmented veins (as in Figs 18A, B ): character not present in Afrotropical species); forewing with pterostigma present and 2r-rs&Rs vein straight ( Fig. 18D ), or angled between proximal and distal parts (character not present in Afrotropical species); course of forewing veins not marked by dark stripes; hind wing ( Fig. 19 ) hyaline, with costal vein, without dark medial longitudinal stripe; basivolsella situated completely below distivolsella apex ( Figs 20 A- C); tibial spurs 1/1/2. Distribution . Afrotropical, Australian, Oriental, Nearctic and Neotropical regions. Present at the Oriental bor- der of the Palaearctic region ( Nepal ). Hosts . Membracidae ( Guglielmino & Olmi 1997 ) . World species . 16 species are known, one in the Afrotropical region. Biology . Species of Crovettia are known for their completely endophagous parasitism and poliembriony. Their biology was studied in Nearctic species ( Matausch 1909 , 1911 ; Kornhauser 1916 , 1917 , 1919 ; Gahan 1918 ).