258 lines
22 KiB
XML
258 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.306.5216" ID-PMC="PMC3689040" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-306-23" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6D604D7E0615FF97FFFCFFE89C5CFFF8" ID-PubMed="23794916" ID-Zenodo-Dep="577628" ID-ZooBank="4FFDB9207E4A4F339D8E16CC7189723F" ModsDocID="1313-2970-306-23" checkinTime="1451247243217" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pan, Zhaohui, Zhu, Chaodong & Wu, Chunsheng" docDate="2013" docId="C83E65E7415472965D6C770B996ED02D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 306: 23-36" docOrigin="ZooKeys 306" docPubDate="2013-06-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.306.5216" docTitle="Monema flavescens Walker 1855" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="6D604D7E0615FF97FFFCFFE89C5CFFF8" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="6D604D7E0615FF97FFFCFFE89C5CFFF8" masterDocTitle="A review of the genus Monema Walker in China (Lepidoptera, Limacodidae)" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1668155914232" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the genus Monema Walker in China (Lepidoptera, Limacodidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pan, Zhaohui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Plateau Ecology, Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College of Tibet University, Linzhi 860000, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">panzhaohui2005@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhu, Chaodong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wu, Chunsheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-06-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>306</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>23</mods:start>
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<mods:end>36</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.306.5216</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.306.5216</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-306-23</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">4FFDB9207E4A4F339D8E16CC7189723F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6D604D7E0615FF97FFFCFFE89C5CFFF8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">577628</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152044759" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C83E65E7415472965D6C770B996ED02D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C83E65E7415472965D6C770B996ED02D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName LSID="C83E65E7-4154-7296-5D6C-770B996ED02D" authority="Walker, 1855" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monema flavescens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">Monema flavescens Walker, 1855</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Adults. 1 Monema tanaognatha Wu & Pan, sp. n., holotype (Kunming, male) 2 Monema tanaognatha sp. n., paratype (Kunming, female) 3 Monema meyi Solovyev & Witt (Hunan, male) 4 Monema coralina Dudgeon (Yunnan, male) 5 Monema flavescens flavescens Walker (Beijing, female) 6 Monema flavescens flavescens Walker (Black form, Shanghai, male)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/21860" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Figs 5, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. Male genitalia. 7 Monema tanaognatha Wu & Pan, sp. n. holotype (gen. slide WU 0156) 8 Monema coralina Dudgeon (gen. slide L 06051) 9 Monema meyi Solovyev & Witt (gen. slide WU 0121) 10 Monema flavescens rubriceps (Matsumura) (16058 MWM GS Taiwan) 11 Monema melli Hering, holotype (TYPE ZHUB GU 2) 12 Monema flavescens flavescens (Black form, gen. slide L 06052)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/21861" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">, 10, 12</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–17" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 13 - 17. Male genitalia of Monema flavescens flavescens Walker. 13 Shennongjia, Hubei (gen. slide WU 0124) 14 Xiamen, Fujian (gen. slide WU 0123) 15 Xingshan, Hubei (gen. slide WU 0126) 16 Jingzhou, Hubei (gen. slide WU 0125) 17 Wuyishan, Fujian (gen. slide WU 0121 a)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/21862" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 22–23" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 22 - 23. Larva and cocoon of Monema flavescens flavescens Walker. 22 larva 23 cocoon." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/21865" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">, 22, 23</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">Monema flavescens</taxonomicName>
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Walker, 1855: 1112, fig. 1c. Type locality: North China.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Limacodidae" genus="Miresa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">Miresa flavescens</taxonomicName>
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(Walker): Seitz, 1913: 344, fig. 50c.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Cnidocampa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">Cnidocampa flavescens</taxonomicName>
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(Walker): Cai, 1981: 99.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Cnidocampa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="johanibergmani">Cnidocampa johanibergmani</taxonomicName>
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Bryk, 1948: 219.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melli">Monema melli</taxonomicName>
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Hering, 1931: 691, fig. 87i. Type locality: Guangdong, China. syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">Monema flavescens</taxonomicName>
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var.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">nigrans</emphasis>
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de Joannis, 1901: 251.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Joannis" authorityYear="1901" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrans">Monema nigrans</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Solovyev, AV" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Matsumurana" pageId="11" pageNumber="34" refId="B12" refString="Solovyev, AV, Witt, TJ, 2009. The Limacodidae of Vietnam. Entomofauna, Supl.16: 33-321." title="The Limacodidae of Vietnam. Entomofauna, Supl. 16: 33 - 321." year="2009">de Joannis: Solovyev and Witt 2009</bibRefCitation>
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: 108.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Wing expanse 30-32 mm in male, 35-39 mm in female. In male genitalia, the juxta is short and ends in 1-3 long spines each side. In female genitalia, the sclerotized base of ductus bursae is diagnostic.</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/21860" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" start="Figures 1–6" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Figures 1-6.</emphasis>
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Adults.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">1</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu & Pan" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanaognatha">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema tanaognatha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Wu & Pan, sp. n., holotype (Kunming, male)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">2</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu & Pan" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanaognatha">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema tanaognatha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., paratype (Kunming, female)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">3</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Solovyev & Witt" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meyi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema meyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Solovyev & Witt (Hunan, male)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">4</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dudgeon" authorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coralina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema coralina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Dudgeon (Yunnan, male)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">5</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="flavescens" authorityName="flavescens Walker" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="flavescens" subSpecies="flavescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema flavescens flavescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Walker (Beijing, female)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">6</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="flavescens" authorityName="flavescens Walker" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="flavescens" subSpecies="flavescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema flavescens flavescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Walker (Black form, Shanghai, male).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/21861" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" start="Figures 7–12" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Figures 7-12.</emphasis>
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Male genitalia.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">7</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wu & Pan" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanaognatha">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema tanaognatha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Wu & Pan, sp. n. holotype (gen. slide WU0156)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">8</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dudgeon" authorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coralina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema coralina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Dudgeon (gen. slide L06051)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">9</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Solovyev & Witt" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meyi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema meyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Solovyev &Witt (gen. slide WU0121)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">10</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pan & Zhu & Wu" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Matsumura" baseAuthorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="flavescens" subSpecies="rubriceps">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema flavescens rubriceps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Matsumura) (16058 MWM GS Taiwan)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">11</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melli">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema melli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Hering, holotype (TYPE ZHUB GU2)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">12</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="flavescens" authorityName="flavescens Walker" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="flavescens" subSpecies="flavescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema flavescens flavescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Black form, gen. slide L06052).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/21862" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" start="Figures 13–17" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Figures 13-17.</emphasis>
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Male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName authority="flavescens" authorityName="flavescens Walker" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="flavescens" subSpecies="flavescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Monema flavescens flavescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Walker.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">13</emphasis>
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Shennongjia, Hubei (gen. slide WU0124)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">14</emphasis>
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Xiamen,Fujian (gen. slide WU0123)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">15</emphasis>
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Xingshan, Hubei (gen. slide WU0126)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">16</emphasis>
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Jingzhou, Hubei (gen. slide WU0125)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">17</emphasis>
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Wuyishan, Fujian (gen. slide WU0121a).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="26" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Qinghai, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi; Russia (Far East), Korea, Japan.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melli">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="27" start="start">Monema</pageBreakToken>
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melli
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was described based on a single male from Guangdong, China. It differs from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Monema flavescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the smaller size and the shorter labial palpus. According to the male genitalia of the holotype examined and provided by Mr. Solovyev, it matches well with that of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Monema flavescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Thus we synonymize
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Monema melli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Monema flavescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Solovyev, AV" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Matsumurana" pageId="11" pageNumber="34" refId="B12" refString="Solovyev, AV, Witt, TJ, 2009. The Limacodidae of Vietnam. Entomofauna, Supl.16: 33-321." title="The Limacodidae of Vietnam. Entomofauna, Supl. 16: 33 - 321." year="2009">Solovyev and Witt (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treated
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Monema flavescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">nigrans</emphasis>
|
||
as a full species. However, the black form (var.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">nigrans</emphasis>
|
||
) and the normal form (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">flavescens</emphasis>
|
||
) are from the same population and the var.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">nigrans</emphasis>
|
||
do not show any differences in the male or female genitalia with
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">flavescens</emphasis>
|
||
. Therefore we treat
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Monema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Monema flavescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">nigrans</emphasis>
|
||
merely as a dark form. In Guiyang 2.75% of the population of
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">flavescens</emphasis>
|
||
belonged to the black form; the black individuals can interbreed with the non black individuals and produce fertile offspring (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Long, J-K" journalOrPublisher="Macrolepidoptera of the World," pageId="10" pageNumber="33" refId="B9" refString="Long, J-K, Luo, Q-H, Zeng, X-Qi, Zeng, Y-T, 2008. Population occurrence and control strategy of Monema flavescens in Guiyang. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology 45 (6): 913-918." title="Population occurrence and control strategy of Monema flavescens in Guiyang. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology 45 (6): 913 - 918" year="2008">Long et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |