223 lines
26 KiB
XML
223 lines
26 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9B231835B4E7AA5CE6C5826B54FA22EB">Afromontane forests hide 19 new species of an ancient chafer lineage (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae): Pleophylla Erichson, 1847 - phylogeny and taxonomic revision</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C62A3F2FF9438443B85FD1693ABFD00" ID-CoL="4K848" authority="BURMEISTER, 1855" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1855" box="[185,717,668,695]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pleophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="navicularis">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF3A580FF9438443AD2FD2993ABFD00" author="Burmeister H" box="[494,717,668,695]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" pagination="1 - 467" refId="ref23262" refString="Burmeister H. 1855. Handbuch der Entomologie. 4. Band. Besondere Entomologie, Fortsetzung. 2. Abteilung, Coleoptera Lamellicornia Phyllophaga chaenochela. Berlin: Theodor Johann Christian Friedrich Enslin, 1-467." type="book chapter" year="1855">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D3B4EADFF9438443AD2FD29931BFD03" baselines="688,689" box="[494,637,670,694]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Burmeister" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">BURMEISTER</smallCapsWord>
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, 1855
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(
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<figureCitation id="1359C4F4FF9438443A5DFD0A90BFFD63" box="[353,473,699,725]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[166,245,1590,1609]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,206,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-186@7.[162,1441,183,1568]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. A–D, Pleophylla ferruginea Burmeister (RSA, Tygerkloof); E–H, Pleophylla murzini sp. nov. (holotype); I– L, Pleophylla navicularis Burmeister (RSA, Weza); M–P, Pleophylla silvatica sp. nov. (holotype); Q–T, Pleophylla transkeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); U–X, Pleophylla ruthae sp. nov. (holotype); Y–Ab, Pleophylla warnockae sp. nov. (holotype); Ac–Af, Pleophylla harrisoni sp. nov. (holotype). A, E, I, M, Q, U, Y, Ac, aedeagus left side lateral view; C, G, K, O, S, W, Aa, Ae, aedeagus right side lateral view; B, F, J, N, R, V, Z, Ad, parameres, dorsal view; D, H, L, P, T, X, Ab, Af, habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm. Habitus not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14807091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14807091/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D3B4EADFF9438443A5DFD0A90F0FD65" baselines="719,719" box="[353,406,701,725]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Figs" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">FIGS</smallCapsWord>
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3I
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<emphasis id="B9160463FF9438443A86FD0890AEFD63" box="[442,456,703,725]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">–</emphasis>
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L
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</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1359C4F4FF9438443AD6FD0C9362FD63" box="[490,516,699,725]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[166,245,1717,1736]" captionTargetBox="[237,1338,218,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-123@11.[211,1395,195,1687]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Female genitalia of Pleophylla species. A, Pleophylla fasciatipennis; B, Pleophylla pilosa; C, Pleophylla pseudopilosa sp. nov.; D, Pleophylla nelshoogteensis sp. nov.; E, Pleophylla burundiensis sp. nov.; F, Pleophylla settentrionalis sp. nov.; G, Pleophylla ferruginea; H, Pleophylla murzini sp. nov.; I, Pleophylla navicularis; J, Pleophylla silvatica; K, Pleophylla transkeiensis sp. nov.; L, Pleophylla ruthae sp. nov.; M, Pleophylla warnockae sp. nov.; N, Pleophylla harrisoni sp. nov.; O, Pleophylla stalsi sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14807095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14807095/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">5I</figureCitation>
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, 6)
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<taxonomicName id="4C62A3F2FF9438443BACFD5B93C9FCB4" ID-CoL="4K848" authority="Burmeister, 1855: 181" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityPageNumber="181" authorityYear="1855" box="[144,687,748,770]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pleophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="navicularis">
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<emphasis id="B9160463FF9438443BACFD5B90F0FCB7" box="[144,406,748,769]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">Pleophylla navicularis</emphasis>
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[
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locality: Weihnachtsbai (Hoppig)];
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC3FE60FF943844390CFCBC91DDFC89" author="Schaufuss LW" page="231" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" year="1871">
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; Brenske, 1900: 83; Peringuey, 1904: 7.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC3FE60FF9438443BADFCFF93CDFCEB" author="Schaufuss LW" box="[145,683,840,862]" page="232" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" year="1871">
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<taxonomicName id="4C62A3F2FF9438443BADFCFF93CDFCEB" ID-CoL="4K83Y" authority="Schaufuss, 1871: 232" authorityName="Schaufuss" authorityPageNumber="232" authorityYear="1871" box="[145,683,840,862]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pleophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
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<emphasis id="B9160463FF9438443BADFCFF90F4FCEB" box="[145,402,840,861]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">Pleophylla flavicornis</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B0AD22CFF9438443A98FCFF93CDFCEB" box="[420,683,840,862]" country="Germany" location="Brenske" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" specimenCount="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF3A580FF9438443A98FCFF93CDFCEB" author="Schaufuss LW" box="[420,683,840,862]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" pagination="231 - 233" refId="ref24095" refString="Schaufuss LW. 1871. Die Arten der Gattung Pleophylla Er. Nunquam Otiosus I 6: 231-233." type="journal article" year="1871">Schaufuss, 1871: 232</bibRefCitation>
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[
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<typeStatus id="54D966D3FF94384439FFFCFE9390FCE8" box="[707,758,841,862]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">type</typeStatus>
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locality: Caffr., New
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<collectingCountry id="F37598E1FF9438443AB3FCD09098FCCA" box="[399,510,871,892]" name="Germany" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">Germany</collectingCountry>
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];
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<location id="8EBD8EAAFF943844392AFCD09311FCCB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB6967FF9438443B85FD16953DFE13:8EBD8EAAFF943844392AFCD09311FCCB" box="[534,631,871,893]" country="Germany" name="Brenske" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">Brenske</location>
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, 1900: 83,
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<emphasis id="B9160463FF9438443BACFC329067FC2C" bold="true" box="[144,257,901,922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B9160463FF9438443BACFC7490A9FC61" box="[144,463,962,984]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">Type material examined:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B0AD22CFF9438443AE1FC74903FFBE4" collectionCode="MLUH" collectorName="Pt. Nat. Gm." pageId="16" pageNumber="337" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<typeStatus id="54D966D3FF9438443AE1FC74932DFC6E" box="[477,587,963,984]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C62A3F2FF9438443953FC759396FC61" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1855" box="[623,752,962,983]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pleophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="navicularis">
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<emphasis id="B9160463FF9438443953FC759396FC61" box="[623,752,962,983]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">navicularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, here designated):
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<specimenCount id="9D6413F8FF9438443A5CFC539016FC40" box="[352,368,996,1014]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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<taxonomicName id="4C62A3F2FF9438443A47FC569325FC41" authority="Nab." authorityName="Nab." box="[379,579,993,1015]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pleophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="navicularis">“navicularis Nab.</taxonomicName>
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subcylindr.
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<collectorName id="2697BDA7FF94384439E9FC569065FBA3" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">Pt. Nat. Gm.</collectorName>
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” (
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<collectionCode id="ED7340B4FF9438443A19FBB7901CFBA3" box="[293,378,1024,1045]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pvva-bewi" name="Martin Luther Universitaet" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">MLUH</collectionCode>
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). Paralectoptype:
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<specimenCount id="9D6413F8FF9438443965FBB793E3FBA2" box="[601,645,1024,1045]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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[without labels, provided with a copy of the original collection label] (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7340B4FF9438443BC0FB8A9037FBE4" box="[252,337,1085,1106]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pvva-bewi" name="Martin Luther Universitaet" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">MLUH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0AD22CFF9438443ABFFB8A908FFB18" collectionCode="ZMHB" collectorName="N. Germ. & Coll. L. W. Schaufuss" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D966D3FF9438443ABFFB8A9097FBE4" box="[387,497,1085,1106]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62A3F2FF943844391CFB8A93F1FBE4" authorityName="Schaufuss" authorityYear="1871" box="[544,663,1085,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pleophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160463FF943844391CFB8A93F1FBE4" box="[544,663,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">flavicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, here designated):
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6413F8FF9438443A19FBE99054FBC6" box="[293,306,1118,1136]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
“Type./flavicornis m.
|
||
<collectorName id="2697BDA7FF9438443908FBEB93F9FBC6" box="[564,671,1115,1137]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">N. Germ.</collectorName>
|
||
/Nunqu at. pag. 232/
|
||
<collectorName id="2697BDA7FF9438443A1AFBCD9373FB26" box="[294,533,1146,1168]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">Coll. L.W. Schaufuss</collectorName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62A3F2FF9438443922FBCD919EFB18" authority="Schauf. Caffraria" authorityName="Schauf. Caffraria" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pleophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">flavicornis Schauf. Caffraria</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62A3F2FF9438443A3CFB2F9011FB18" authority="(ZMHB)" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1847" baseAuthorityName="ZMHB" box="[256,375,1176,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pleophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pleophylla</taxonomicName>
|
||
” (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7340B4FF9438443AACFB2E9084FB18" box="[400,482,1177,1198]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDD871FF9438443BACFB6293A0FB5D" blockId="16.[144,710,1237,1259]" box="[144,710,1237,1259]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160463FF9438443BACFB629089FB5C" box="[144,495,1237,1258]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">Additional material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
See Appendix S1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDD871FF9438443BACFAA594E1FE8E" blockId="16.[144,759,1298,1901]" lastBlockId="16.[807,1422,199,312]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160463FF9438443BACFAA59057FA91" box="[144,305,1298,1319]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">Redescription:</emphasis>
|
||
Body length: 13.0 mm, elytral length:
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A7594FF9438443BACFA86918FFAF1" box="[144,233,1329,1351]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" unit="mm" value="9.4">9.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, maximum width:
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A7594FF9438443AE4FA869355FAF1" box="[472,563,1329,1351]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Angle between lateral margins of labroclypeus and ocular canthus indistinct; anterior margin of labroclypeus medially straight; margins of labroclypeus moderately reflexed; smooth area in front of eyes three times as wide as long; ratio of eye diameter/interocular width: 0.68. Pronotum with dense and thick erect setae; unicoloured; basal margin of pronotum narrowly interrupted medially (distinctly less than scutellum width); larger punctures on pronotum very coarse. Hypomeron not carinate. Elytra with dark spots; erect dorsal pilosity on elytra dense (more than ten setae per interval); sutural interval in apical declivity of elytra distinctly elevated but convex; white, fine pilosity not condensed to longitudinal patches; intervals punctate at least laterally; adpressed white pilosity long, 1/3 to 1/2 of width of elytral intervals; external apical elytral angle evenly convex. Mesosternal process short. Ratio of length of metepisternum/metacoxa: 1/1.47. Metatibia, ratio of width/length: 1/4.3. Metatarsi dorsally smooth; first metatarsomere as long as subsequent one. Aedeagus:
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C4F4FF943844381BFE9592F0FE8E" box="[807,918,290,312]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[166,245,1590,1609]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,206,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-186@7.[162,1441,183,1568]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. A–D, Pleophylla ferruginea Burmeister (RSA, Tygerkloof); E–H, Pleophylla murzini sp. nov. (holotype); I– L, Pleophylla navicularis Burmeister (RSA, Weza); M–P, Pleophylla silvatica sp. nov. (holotype); Q–T, Pleophylla transkeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); U–X, Pleophylla ruthae sp. nov. (holotype); Y–Ab, Pleophylla warnockae sp. nov. (holotype); Ac–Af, Pleophylla harrisoni sp. nov. (holotype). A, E, I, M, Q, U, Y, Ac, aedeagus left side lateral view; C, G, K, O, S, W, Aa, Ae, aedeagus right side lateral view; B, F, J, N, R, V, Z, Ad, parameres, dorsal view; D, H, L, P, T, X, Ab, Af, habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm. Habitus not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14807091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14807091/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">
|
||
Fig. 3I
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160463FF943844384FFE929219FE81" box="[883,895,293,311]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">–</emphasis>
|
||
K
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. Habitus:
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C4F4FF9438443F34FE959539FE8E" box="[1032,1119,290,312]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[166,245,1590,1609]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,206,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-186@7.[162,1441,183,1568]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. A–D, Pleophylla ferruginea Burmeister (RSA, Tygerkloof); E–H, Pleophylla murzini sp. nov. (holotype); I– L, Pleophylla navicularis Burmeister (RSA, Weza); M–P, Pleophylla silvatica sp. nov. (holotype); Q–T, Pleophylla transkeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); U–X, Pleophylla ruthae sp. nov. (holotype); Y–Ab, Pleophylla warnockae sp. nov. (holotype); Ac–Af, Pleophylla harrisoni sp. nov. (holotype). A, E, I, M, Q, U, Y, Ac, aedeagus left side lateral view; C, G, K, O, S, W, Aa, Ae, aedeagus right side lateral view; B, F, J, N, R, V, Z, Ad, parameres, dorsal view; D, H, L, P, T, X, Ab, Af, habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm. Habitus not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14807091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14807091/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6413F8FF9438443F01FE949539FE8E" box="[1085,1119,291,312]" count="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" type="generic">3L</specimenCount>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. Female genitalia:
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C4F4FF9438443E08FE9594E5FE8E" box="[1332,1411,290,312]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[166,245,1717,1736]" captionTargetBox="[237,1338,218,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-123@11.[211,1395,195,1687]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Female genitalia of Pleophylla species. A, Pleophylla fasciatipennis; B, Pleophylla pilosa; C, Pleophylla pseudopilosa sp. nov.; D, Pleophylla nelshoogteensis sp. nov.; E, Pleophylla burundiensis sp. nov.; F, Pleophylla settentrionalis sp. nov.; G, Pleophylla ferruginea; H, Pleophylla murzini sp. nov.; I, Pleophylla navicularis; J, Pleophylla silvatica; K, Pleophylla transkeiensis sp. nov.; L, Pleophylla ruthae sp. nov.; M, Pleophylla warnockae sp. nov.; N, Pleophylla harrisoni sp. nov.; O, Pleophylla stalsi sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14807095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14807095/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">Fig. 5I</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDD871FF943844381BFEE5953DFE13" blockId="16.[807,1421,338,422]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160463FF943844381BFEE592F4FED1" box="[807,914,338,359]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
In previous publications we referred to this species as ‘sp11’ (Ozg € ul-Siemund € &
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3A580FF9438443E08FEC69206FE13" author="Ahrens D" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" pagination="167 - 178" refId="ref23910" refString="Ozg € ul-Siemund € A, Ahrens D. 2015. Taxonomic utility of female copulation organs in Sericini chafers (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), with special reference to asymmetry. Contributions to Zoology 84 (2): 167-178." type="journal article" year="2015">Ahrens, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3A580FF9438443850FE279536FE13" author="Eberle J & Warnock RCM & Ahrens D" box="[876,1104,399,422]" pageId="16" pageNumber="337" refId="ref23428" refString="Eberle J, Warnock RCM, Ahrens D. 2016 b. Bayesian species delimitation in Pleophylla chafers (Coleoptera) - the importance of prior choice and morphology. BMC Evolutionary Biology 16: 94." type="journal volume" year="2016">
|
||
Eberle
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160463FF9438443882FE27929FFE13" box="[958,1017,400,421]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="337">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2016b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |