285 lines
30 KiB
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285 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.145.48531" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7b60383a-f800-4aa8-b5e7-a5937205e61d" ID-PMC="PMC7165196" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-145-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3C0474499BB850089598699F4308FB00" ID-PubMed="32327923" ModsDocID="1314-2003-145-1" checkinTime="1586625114170" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="McClelland, Donald H. R., Nee, Michael & Knapp, Sandra" docDate="2020" docId="9205D7E7A0075C78A7390776E167A276" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 145: 1-36" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 145" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.145.48531" docTitle="Solanum peekelii Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 55: 73. 1917" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="3C0474499BB850089598699F4308FB00" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="3C0474499BB850089598699F4308FB00" masterDocTitle="New names and status for Pacific spiny species of Solanum (Solanaceae, subgenus Leptostemonum Bitter; the Leptostemonum Clade)" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668139754682" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New names and status for Pacific spiny species of Solanum (Solanaceae, subgenus Leptostemonum Bitter; the Leptostemonum Clade)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>McClelland, Donald H. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Environmental Science, Bard College at Simon's Rock, 84 Alford Road, Great Barrington, MA 01230, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nee, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>145</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>36</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.145.48531</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.145.48531</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-145-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">3C0474499BB850089598699F4308FB00</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="163551275" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9205D7E7A0075C78A7390776E167A276" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9205D7E7A0075C78A7390776E167A276" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="9205D7E7-A007-5C78-A739-0776E167A276" authority="Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 55: 73. 1917" authorityName="Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 55: 73." authorityYear="1917" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum peekelii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peekelii">Solanum peekelii Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 55: 73. 1917</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Solanum peekelii Bitter (isoneotype Floyd NGF- 6595, incorrectly labelled as S. pancheri, US [acc. 2211029, barcode 02838857]). Reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.145.48531.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/398911" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1913" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum dunalianum subsp. var. var. inerme" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="dunalianum" subSpecies="var." variety="inerme">Solanum dunalianum var. inerme</taxonomicName>
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Witasek, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien 89: 601. 1914. Type: Papua New Guinea. Bougainville (North Solomons): "Salomonsinseln, Insel Bougainville, Am Strande bei dem Eingebornen dorf Numa-Numa", Sep 1905,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. Rechinger & L. Rechinger 3607</emphasis>
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(lectotype, designated here: W [acc. # 1916-10316]; isolectotype: W [acc. # 1916-10317]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Papua New Guinea. New Ireland Province: Bismark Archipelago, New Ireland [
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Neu-Mecklenburg”">"Neu-Mecklenburg"</normalizedToken>
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], Buragamata near Namatanai, 12 m, Jul,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. Peekel 523</emphasis>
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(holotype: B [destroyed]). Papua New Guinea. New Britain Province: West New Britain, West Nakanai, Malalia near Cape Hoskins, 16 Aug 1954 (fl, fr),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. Floyd NGF-6549</emphasis>
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(neotype, designated here: LAE [acc. # 16333]; isoneotypes: A, BM [BM000886258], CANB [acc. # 75841.1], K [K000922697], L [L.4307653], MEL [MEL0625408A], NSW [acc. #594233], US [acc. # 2211029, barcode 02838857).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.145.48531.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/398911" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum peekelii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peekelii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum peekelii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Bitter (isoneotype
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Floyd NGF-6595</emphasis>
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, incorrectly labelled as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. pancheri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pancheri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. pancheri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, US [acc. # 2211029, barcode 02838857]). Reproduced with permission.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Erect shrub or small tree to 4(5) m tall, the internodes to 13.5 long, unarmed to sparsely armed. Stems pubescent with yellow, sessile porrect-stellate trichomes, the rays 6-10, 0.15-0.2 mm long, the midpoint shorter than to more or less equal to the rays; new growth pubescent near the leaf bases with sessile porrect-stellate trichomes like those of the stems, soon glabrescent, the prickles if present 1-2 mm long, weak-walled, somewhat broadened at the base, very sparse; bark reddish brown, glabrescent, somewhat shiny, unarmed or with very sparse prickles 1-2 mm long. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves geminate, members of a pair more or less equal in size and shape. Leaves simple; blades 10.0-25.5 cm long, 5.0-9.0 cm wide, 2.4-3.2 times as long as wide, obovate to elliptic, chartaceous, concolorous, unarmed; adaxial surfaces more or less glabrous, the pubescence denser near the basal portion of the blade, the trichomes porrect-stellate, the rays (5)6-8, 0.5-0.2 mm long, the midpoint shorter than or equal to the rays; abaxial surfaces sparsely pubescent with sessile porrect-stellate trichomes with 6-8-rays 0.2-0.3 mm long, the midpoint erect, shorter than to more or less equal to the rays; principal veins 10-14 pairs, the midrib raised abaxially and adaxially, the lateral veins weakly brochidodromous, raised abaxially and adaxially; base rounded to cuneate, occasionally long attenuate in vigorous growth, sometimes somewhat oblique; margins entire or slightly wavy; apex acuminate; petiole 1.6-5.0 cm long, 1.0-2.2 mm in diameter, channeled above, moderately stellate-pubescent when young, unarmed, the pubescence becoming sparse to moderate and restricted to the adaxial channel with age. Inflorescence to 1.1-6 cm long, appearing lateral, extra-axillary, in the upper 1/3 of the internode often just below the leaf, unbranched or forked with a single pedicel attached below the fork, with up to 45 flowers, densely pubescent with sessile porrect-stellate trichomes like those of the stems; peduncle 0.7-1.2 cm long; pedicels 0.4-1.2 cm long, 0.3-0.4 mm in diameter at the base, 0.5-0.7 mm in diameter below the calyx, straight, gradually increasing in diameter from the base distally, articulated at the base; pedicel scars congested to spaced ca. 0.6 mm apart, rigid, in two rows. Buds conical, the calyx moderately to densely stellate-pubescent, the corolla densely stellate-pubescent where exposed abaxially, only somewhat exserted from the calyx before anthesis. Flowers 4-5-merous, all perfect or apparently so. Calyx 1.6-2.3 mm long, the tube 1.3-1.8 mm long, in bud appearing nearly truncate with lobe tips apiculate or reduced to minute protuberances 0.1-1.1 mm long, the sinuses transparent when dry, the lobes 0.7-1.7 mm long, 0.9-1.5 mm wide at anthesis, deltate, splitting in the sinuses at anthesis, moderately to densely pubescent abaxially with sessile porrect-stellate trichomes, glabrous adaxially, Corolla 1-1.5 cm in diameter, stellate, white or lavender to purple, the interpetalar tissue poorly-developed, glabrous, the lobes 5.7-6.5 mm long, 2.8-3.1 mm wide, triangular, apparently spreading at anthesis, densely pubescent along the petal midvein abaxially, more or less glabrous adaxially. Stamens equal; filament tube minute, with tiny teeth between each filament (fide
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<bibRefCitation author="Bitter, G" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="59 - 113" refId="B3" refString="Bitter, G, 1917. Die papuasischen Arten von Solanum. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 55: 59 - 113" title="Die papuasischen Arten von Solanum." volume="55" year="1917">Bitter 1917</bibRefCitation>
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); free portion of the filaments ca. 0.6 mm long, glabrous; anthers 2.2-4.8 mm long, 0.6-0.9 mm wide, tapering, yellow, connivent, poricidal at the tips, the pores dorsally directed. Ovary 0.4-0.6 mm in diameter, ovoid, glabrous or with a few sessile porrect-stellate hairs at the very apex; style 3.7-5.4 mm long, 0.2-0.3 mm in diameter, filiform, straight, sparsely to moderately stellate pubescent at the very base to basal 1/3; stigma ca. 0.4 mm in diameter, capitate or slightly bilobed. Fruit a globose juicy berry, 4.0-7.0 mm in diameter, the immature fruits green, maturing red, glabrous, the pericarp thin, somewhat shiny, opaque; fruiting calyx lobes 1.2-2.3 mm long, 1.4-2.0 mm wide, sparsely to moderately pubescent, appressed in ripe fruit; fruiting pedicels 9.2-15.2 mm long, 0.3-0.7 mm in diameter at the base, 0.7-1.3 mm in diameter below the calyx, straight, gradually increasing in diameter from the base distally;. Seeds ca. 45 per fruit, 1.6-2.3 mm long, 1.4-1.9 mm wide, flattened, orbicular to reniform, notched at the point of attachment, yellow-ferruginous when dry, the surface the central area nearly smooth, the margins minutely pitted, the testal cells pentagonal or rectangular. Chromosome number not known.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and ecology</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(Figure
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution of Solanum labyrinthinum and S. peekelii." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.145.48531.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/398910" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum peekelii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peekelii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum peekelii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs from the Bismarck Archipelago of Papua New Guinea to the Solomon Islands. It has been collected in disturbed habitats such as old village gardens, forest edges, and secondary forest, from sea level to 170(-1070) m elevation. According to
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<bibRefCitation author="Peekel, PG" journalOrPublisher="Trends in Ecology & Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B19" refString="Peekel, PG, 1984. Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for Naturalists. Office of Forests, Division of Botany, Lae. [translation of Illustrierte Flora des Bismarck-Archipels fur Naturfreunde first published in 1947]" title="Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for Naturalists. Office of Forests, Division of Botany, Lae. [translation of Illustrierte Flora des Bismarck-Archipels fur Naturfreunde first published in 1947]" year="1984">Peekel (1984)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. peekelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="peekelii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. peekelii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is one of the first plants to appear in abandoned gardens; the lectotype of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. dunalianum subsp. var. var. inerme" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="dunalianum" subSpecies="var." variety="inerme">S. dunalianum var. inerme</taxonomicName>
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was collected on the beach near a village.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Papua New Guinea. Bougainville: Kala-bu-ku (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kajewski 1790</emphasis>
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); Madang: Airoroana (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lepofsky 466</emphasis>
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), New Georgia: Susuriata (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Waterhouse 31</emphasis>
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), leaves said to be used in preparation of a cough medicine.
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<bibRefCitation author="Peekel, PG" journalOrPublisher="Trends in Ecology & Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B19" refString="Peekel, PG, 1984. Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for Naturalists. Office of Forests, Division of Botany, Lae. [translation of Illustrierte Flora des Bismarck-Archipels fur Naturfreunde first published in 1947]" title="Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for Naturalists. Office of Forests, Division of Botany, Lae. [translation of Illustrierte Flora des Bismarck-Archipels fur Naturfreunde first published in 1947]" year="1984">Peekel (1984)</bibRefCitation>
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reported the Pala people used stems from the species to construct graters for taro and yams by binding them crosswise to a grid.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation assessment">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation assessment</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="In: Aubreville A, Leroy J (Eds) Flore de La Nouvelle Caledonie et Dependances" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B13" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
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). EOO = 477,504 km2 [LC - Least Concern]; AOO = 52 km2 [EN - Endangered]. We assess
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum peekelii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peekelii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum peekelii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as LC (Least Concern) due to its relatively wide distribution (EOO) and its occurrence in secondary and other disturbed habitats. Its use by people may also afford it some protection.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum peekelii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peekelii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum peekelii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was named for P. Gerhard Peekel (1876-1949), a missionary in New Guinea who spent 43 years collecting plants in the Bismarck Archipelago, primarily on New Ireland, resulting in a flora of the region (
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<bibRefCitation author="Peekel, PG" journalOrPublisher="Trends in Ecology & Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B19" refString="Peekel, PG, 1984. Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for Naturalists. Office of Forests, Division of Botany, Lae. [translation of Illustrierte Flora des Bismarck-Archipels fur Naturfreunde first published in 1947]" title="Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for Naturalists. Office of Forests, Division of Botany, Lae. [translation of Illustrierte Flora des Bismarck-Archipels fur Naturfreunde first published in 1947]" year="1984">Peekel 1984</bibRefCitation>
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). Though Peekel did not consider himself a botanist, he was clearly dedicated to the plant diversity of the area. At the outbreak of the Second World War he took measures to preserve his manuscript. Notwithstanding, it suffered from the unfavorable conditions in dugouts and concentration camps; one volume was even pierced by a bullet from an airplane. During the Japanese occupation of New Ireland,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Peekel’s">Peekel's</normalizedToken>
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botanical knowledge saved his life. All people of European descent were brought to a concentration camp where Peekel was the only male not to be killed because the Japanese relied on his botanical knowledge (
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<bibRefCitation author="Peekel, PG" journalOrPublisher="Trends in Ecology & Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B19" refString="Peekel, PG, 1984. Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for Naturalists. Office of Forests, Division of Botany, Lae. [translation of Illustrierte Flora des Bismarck-Archipels fur Naturfreunde first published in 1947]" title="Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for Naturalists. Office of Forests, Division of Botany, Lae. [translation of Illustrierte Flora des Bismarck-Archipels fur Naturfreunde first published in 1947]" year="1984">Peekel 1984</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<bibRefCitation author="Symon, DE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 171" refId="B25" refString="Symon, DE, 1985. The Solanaceae of New Guinea. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 8: 1 - 171" title="The Solanaceae of New Guinea." volume="8" year="1985">Symon (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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mistakenly treated
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. peekelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="peekelii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. peekelii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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under the name
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. torricellense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="torricellense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. torricellense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, from which it differs in its smaller berries (4-7 mm versus 7-9 mm in diameter) and sparser pubescence of stellate rather than the multangulate trichomes characteristic of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. torricellense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="torricellense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. torricellense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Symon, DE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 171" refId="B25" refString="Symon, DE, 1985. The Solanaceae of New Guinea. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 8: 1 - 171" title="The Solanaceae of New Guinea." volume="8" year="1985">Symon (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
applied the name
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. peekelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="peekelii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. peekelii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to plants of what we have named here
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. labyrinthinum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="labyrinthinum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. labyrinthinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He then provided a new name,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. mankiense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mankiense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. mankiense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Symon, for plants matching the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. torricellense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="torricellense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. torricellense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see discussion under those species on
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Source, www.solanaceaesource.org). Because the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. peekelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="peekelii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. peekelii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was presumed destroyed at B,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Symon, DE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 171" refId="B25" refString="Symon, DE, 1985. The Solanaceae of New Guinea. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 8: 1 - 171" title="The Solanaceae of New Guinea." volume="8" year="1985">Symon (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
designated
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Womersley & Brass NGF-8678</emphasis>
|
||
from Normanby Island (here included in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. labyrinthinum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="labyrinthinum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. labyrinthinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) as the neotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. peekelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="peekelii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. peekelii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adding a final twist to this taxonomic labyrinth. However, none of the duplicates of
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Womersley & Brass NGF-8678</emphasis>
|
||
agree with
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bitter, G" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="59 - 113" refId="B3" refString="Bitter, G, 1917. Die papuasischen Arten von Solanum. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 55: 59 - 113" title="Die papuasischen Arten von Solanum." volume="55" year="1917">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bitter’s">Bitter's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1917)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
detailed protologue of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. peekelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="peekelii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. peekelii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the pubescence of the leaves and stem, leaf size or length to width ratio, number of lateral leaf vein pairs, corolla size, and lack of small teeth between each filament. Additionally, the travels and collecting habits of P.G. Peekel are well-documented (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Peekel, PG" journalOrPublisher="Trends in Ecology & Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B19" refString="Peekel, PG, 1984. Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for Naturalists. Office of Forests, Division of Botany, Lae. [translation of Illustrierte Flora des Bismarck-Archipels fur Naturfreunde first published in 1947]" title="Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for Naturalists. Office of Forests, Division of Botany, Lae. [translation of Illustrierte Flora des Bismarck-Archipels fur Naturfreunde first published in 1947]" year="1984">Peekel 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and he never journeyed to Normanby Island. The protologue of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. peekelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="peekelii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. peekelii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the neotype designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Symon, DE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 171" refId="B25" refString="Symon, DE, 1985. The Solanaceae of New Guinea. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 8: 1 - 171" title="The Solanaceae of New Guinea." volume="8" year="1985">Symon (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are thus serious conflict, and the neotypification of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. peekelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="peekelii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. peekelii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Womersley & Brass NGF-8678</emphasis>
|
||
should be superseded (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Turland, NJ" journalOrPublisher="2). University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B27" refString="Turland, NJ, Wiersema, JH, Barrie, FR, Greuter, W, Hawksworth, DL, Herendeen, PS, Knapp, S, Kusber, W-H, Li, D-Z, Marhold, K, May, TW, McNeill, J, Monro, AM, Prado, J, Price, MJ, Smith, GF, 2018. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress, Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koelz Botanical Books, Glaeshutten." title="International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress, Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koelz Botanical Books, Glaeshutten." year="2018">Turland et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Art. 9.19c); we neotypify the species again here with a specimen from New Ireland that exactly matches
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bitter’s">Bitter's</normalizedToken>
|
||
protologue and comes from an area where Peekel is documented to have collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Papua New Guinea. Bougainville: Kugu-maru, Buin, 150 m, 1 Jun 1930 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kajewski 1790</emphasis>
|
||
(A, BM, BRI, G, P); forest edge at the village Numa-Numa, Sep 1905 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rechinger & Rechinger 5365</emphasis>
|
||
(W); vic. of Barilo village, ca. 6 miles N of Buin Station, ca. 500 ft, 28 Aug 1964 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schodde & Craven 3938</emphasis>
|
||
(A, CANB, K, L, LAE); Namatoa, ca. 1500 ft, 7 Mar 1932 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Waterhouse 691</emphasis>
|
||
(K). East New Britain: Sub-district Gasmata, Torlu River, ca. 3500 ft, 27 Mar 1965 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sayers NGF-24265</emphasis>
|
||
(A, K, L, LAE). Madang: Sub-district Saidor, Long Island, beach of Lake Wisdom, 400 m, 4 Oct 1971 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Essig & Lelean LAE-55039</emphasis>
|
||
(A, BH, CANB, K, L, LAE, NY); Sub-district Saidor, Long Island, 5 miles N of Matafuma Village, 50 ft, 15 Nov 1969 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vandenberg & Katik NGF-42331</emphasis>
|
||
(A, CANB, K, L, LAE). New Georgia: sin. loc., 21 May 1929 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Waterhouse 31</emphasis>
|
||
(K, LAE). New Ireland: St. Matthias Group, Eloaua, 30 m, 16 Nov 1968 (fr)
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lepofsky 466</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Solomon Islands. Makira. Maru Bay, 550 ft, 28 Nov 1968 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gafui 12869</emphasis>
|
||
(K, L, LAE). Malaita: NE Malaita, 450 ft, 21 Nov 1968 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mauriasi 13463</emphasis>
|
||
(K, L);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Su’u">Su'u</normalizedToken>
|
||
area, SE Malaita, 500 ft, 2 Dec 1968 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mauriasi 13601</emphasis>
|
||
(A, K, L, LAE). Santa Isabel: Suwa, Toabul, 26 Nov 1932 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brass 3231</emphasis>
|
||
(A, L); head of Tatamba Bay, sea level, 1 Jan 1965 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hunt 2835</emphasis>
|
||
(A, K, L, LAE, P).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |