360 lines
46 KiB
XML
360 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="21BD053F4B7CBB7325F37267B48FA36E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14239439" ID-ZooBank="8A7AF43F-0E83-48A0-950E-0716CDC753A6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1732800333346" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Selis, Marco, Fateryga, Alexander V. & Cilia, Giovanni" docDate="2024" docId="C866706D62029A3589FDF3E5D4E4F948" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5537.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5537 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Euodynerus Dalla Torre 1904" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="160" masterDocId="345F0815620A9A3C896AF525D707FFD1" masterDocTitle="The genus Euodynerus Dalla Torre in Europe and the Maghreb (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae)" masterLastPageNumber="194" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="159" updateTime="1733413254902" updateUser="julia" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="4FB178FAA979612512833E69FF3D59B6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="0360674AC38F6033788E4B6E09B4DAC3">
|
||
<mods:title id="A1BC0C392A81407A88327478D6A61FD0">The genus Euodynerus Dalla Torre in Europe and the Maghreb (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="79ECC06C6AD6CFC04074AB8E316800D6" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="A3F7ACA00E5AE876C8208B343623CB32">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="099941BD56E453BAFC5DDEA62B7FC6DC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="CAFD24680226A26F79427E06E144314A">Selis, Marco</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="E07D5974C7AEC18DC41E9DC4FCAF6116">Via dei Tarquini, 22 - 01100 Viterbo, Italy</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="319A269D8B72BDE0CA6C7AFF387739E4" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="58C449597077A3DC9B8620A9A3B5D439">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F2B9DBC21076A8571E90DBA758294130">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A78A7DD71E98CF2A8940D631F5A19E4B">Fateryga, Alexander V.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="127E1F96A4A0152587703D3B6D6C41C4">T. I. Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station-Nature Reserve of RAS-Branch of A. O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nauki Str. 24, Kurortnoye, 298188 Feodosiya, Russia</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="4D7A16B8DB1BBACD569C449D4E23A415" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="2B9A0102567AADCE93C55948CD36CFB0">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="1E1B5284E42337211D50D2C340FB8C0B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="55D3552AFBDE044235DC7FAE9B3A2D85">Cilia, Giovanni</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="F2CBCD821B2F5A03082F7B20B972EFBE">CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), Via di Corticella 133, 40128, Bologna, Italy</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="FABB6E9EB981BFD5C7A5D3010D4B046F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="5E79C560C52FBA8BEBD1A9CF34F10CD6" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="8DA149B6C2D43DFF7134A85798598849">
|
||
<mods:title id="F708D27BB96E550E9C33C66605A1DE84">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="5BB3BF0B0F371FDE76BCAB71940410BA">
|
||
<mods:date id="0970C7CB5C4CB06224432AB4CA2AC888">2024</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="E9518D18017B7D7F32F7A84F21BB7053" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="CD8DAA7A02D01D65446B8761877F3CAC">2024-11-08</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="919E49FF3EC2B7E3C3081B23647792B7" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="6EA0F2199C0F29CFDD06F77C11BC03CC">5537</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="5D378E7031AC22D4A8CBE7AB56052ABA" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="7D8C8275BD609F3B29D243DFB1241361">2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="4529EAB4F6DBFF73E8A0D8EEC6E77998" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="A1BF101D6E70A781F34C17813021188D">151</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="571A76E0AFC6809167A4CA5E55C87819">194</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="9DD6E07D521AEF4F1B0825ABBF6C21AB">
|
||
<mods:url id="6F9C0F2678E9D1C98F629B5A6B83EACD">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="FCEC16A70923DFFF27FA830B5D360F68">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7FC38D51803F5A5C7BF44E1A88BE2A40" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FDA7FDBFEBC049BFB7B6B2B1AC73B65A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="92E2905CF918B4D9399CF2FD721CA836" type="Zenodo-Dep">14239439</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="8FF2020576F216F3F99B27F26931DA1F" type="ZooBank">8A7AF43F-0E83-48A0-950E-0716CDC753A6</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="C866706D62029A3589FDF3E5D4E4F948" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C866706D62029A3589FDF3E5D4E4F948" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C866706D62029A3589FDF3E5D4E4F948" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="160" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<subSubSection id="08D592F062029A3489FDF3E5D565F90B" box="[151,610,1728,1755]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="4070C17B62029A3489FDF3E5D565F90B" blockId="8.[151,610,1728,1755]" box="[151,610,1728,1755]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<heading id="1B38761762029A3489FDF3E5D565F90B" bold="true" box="[151,610,1728,1755]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962029A3489FDF3E5D565F90B" bold="true" box="[151,610,1728,1755]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862029A348984F3E5D565F90B" ID-CoL="4G4Z" ID-ENA="187861" authority="Dalla Torre, 1904" authorityName="Dalla Torre" authorityYear="1904" box="[238,610,1728,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962029A348984F3E5D686F90A" bold="true" box="[238,385,1728,1755]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62029A3488E2F3E4D565F90B" author="Dalla Torre, K. W. von" box="[392,610,1728,1755]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref22698" refString="Dalla Torre, K. W. von (1904) Hymenoptera, fam. Vespidae. In: Witsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Vol. 19. Desmet- Verteneuil, Bruxelles, 108 pp., 6 pls." type="book" year="1904">Dalla Torre, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="08D592F062029A3489FDF3DBD6C2F861" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="4070C17B62029A3489FDF3DBD20EF8A3" blockId="8.[151,1437,1790,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60DFE65562029A3489FDF3DBD20EF8A3" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="C16EE76A62029A3489FDF3DBD6FDF8C7" author="Dalla Torre, K. W. von" box="[151,506,1790,1814]" page="38" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" year="1904">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862029A3489FDF3DBD6FDF8C7" ID-CoL="4G4Z" authority="Dalla Torre, 1904: 38" authorityName="Dalla Torre" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,506,1790,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962029A3489FDF3DBD617F8C7" box="[151,272,1790,1814]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62029A348873F3DBD6FDF8C7" author="Dalla Torre, K. W. von" box="[281,506,1790,1814]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref22698" refString="Dalla Torre, K. W. von (1904) Hymenoptera, fam. Vespidae. In: Witsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Vol. 19. Desmet- Verteneuil, Bruxelles, 108 pp., 6 pls." type="book" year="1904">Dalla Torre, 1904: 38</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, name for section II of division III of subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862029A348A98F3DAD351F8C7" ID-CoL="5BXG" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1852" box="[1010,1110,1791,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Leionotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962029A348A98F3DAD351F8C7" box="[1010,1110,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Leionotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862029A348DAAF3DBD6BAF8E4" ID-CoL="63G6H" authority="Latreille in de Saussure (1853: 177)" authorityName="Latreille in de Saussure" authorityPageNumber="177" authorityYear="1853" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Odynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962029A348DAAF3DBD225F8C7" box="[1216,1314,1790,1814]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Odynerus</emphasis>
|
||
Latreille in de Saussure (1853: 177)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(40 species); declared available from date of publication by Opinion 893 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62029A348DDFF238D22AF8E4" author="ICZN" box="[1205,1325,1821,1845]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" pagination="187 - 191" refId="ref24281" refString="ICZN (1970) Opinion 893. Eumenidae names of Saussure (Hymenoptera): Grant of availability to certain names proposed for secondary divisions of genera. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 26, 187 - 191." type="journal article" year="1970">ICZN 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (no. 1873 of Official List of Generic Names in Zoology).
|
||
<typeStatus id="9F747FD962029A348BD7F219D5E8F885" box="[701,751,1852,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862029A348A3BF219D366F885" ID-CoL="5B9TH" authority="Rossi, 1790" authorityName="Rossi" authorityYear="1790" box="[849,1121,1852,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dantici">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962029A348A3BF219D4DCF885" box="[849,987,1852,1876]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Vespa dantici</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62029A348A8EF219D366F885" author="Rossi, P." box="[996,1121,1852,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref25324" refString="Rossi, P. (1790) Fauna Etrusca sistens insecta quae in provinciis Florentina et Pisana praesertim collegit Petrus Rossius. Tomus Primus. Typis Thomae Masi & Sociorum, Liburni, 272 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15771" type="book" year="1790">Rossi, 1790</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by subsequent designation of
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="C16EE76A62029A3489ADF27FD6A2F8A3" author="Bluthgen, P." box="[199,421,1882,1906]" page="277" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" year="1938">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62029A3489ADF27FD6A2F8A3" author="Bluthgen, P." box="[199,421,1882,1906]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" pagination="270 - 295" refId="ref21714" refString="Bluthgen, P. (1938 [1937]) Systematisches verzeichnis der Faltenwespen mitteleuropas, Skandinaviens und Englands. Konowia, 16, 270 - 295." type="book chapter" year="1938">Blüthgen (1938: 277)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; confirmed by Opinion 893 (no. 2331 of Official List of Specific Names in Zoology).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4070C17B62029A3489FDF25FD6C2F861" blockId="8.[151,1437,1790,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60DFE65562029A3489FDF25FD6C2F861" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="C16EE76A62029A3489FDF25FD519F840" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[151,542,1913,1937]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038087B71846E920FF1FFBB4FDFDFBE2" page="537" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" year="2014">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862029A3489FDF25FD519F840" authority="Gusenleitner, 2014: 537" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityPageNumber="537" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,542,1913,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Extraepipona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962029A3489FDF25FD626F840" box="[151,289,1914,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Extraepipona</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62029A348842F25CD519F840" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[296,542,1913,1937]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" pagination="537 - 540" refId="ref23919" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2014) Eine neue Gattund und Art der Eumeninae aus dem Iran (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 46 (1), 537 - 540." type="journal article" year="2014">Gusenleitner, 2014: 537</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, genus.
|
||
<typeStatus id="9F747FD962029A348B1BF25FD5A4F843" box="[625,675,1914,1938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862029A348A68F25FD3A0F840" authority="Gusenleitner, 2014" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2014" box="[770,1191,1913,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Extraepipona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962029A348A68F25FD4DAF840" box="[770,989,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Extraepipona occulta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62029A348A8EF25CD3A0F840" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[996,1191,1913,1937]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" pagination="537 - 540" refId="ref23919" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2014) Eine neue Gattund und Art der Eumeninae aus dem Iran (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 46 (1), 537 - 540." type="journal article" year="2014">Gusenleitner, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by original designation and monotypy.
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962029A34880EF2B2D6C2F861" bold="true" box="[356,453,1943,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="08D592F062039A3589FDF5B3D4E4F948" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="4070C17B62039A3589FDF5B3D688FDEC" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,1689]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A3589FDF5B3D6C5FF61" bold="true" box="[151,450,150,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Subgeneric classification.</emphasis>
|
||
The current subgeneric division of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358A54F5B3D4C3FF61" ID-CoL="4G4Z" box="[830,964,150,176]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358A54F5B3D4C3FF61" box="[830,964,150,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
includes three subgenera, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358C7CF5B3D29BFF61" ID-CoL="4G4Z" box="[1302,1436,150,176]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358C7CF5B3D29BFF61" box="[1302,1436,150,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6988A01262039A3589FDF59ED7D6FF04" box="[151,209,187,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
being almost cosmopolitan,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358B67F59FD424FF05" authority="Bluthgen" authorityName="Bluthgen" authorityYear="1938" box="[525,803,186,212]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="174" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareuodynerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358B67F59FD5B0FF05" box="[525,695,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Pareuodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
Blüthgen
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having a mainly Holarctic distribution, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358C62F59FD647FF29" authority="Giordani Soika" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" genus="Incolepipona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358C62F59FD29BFF05" box="[1288,1436,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Incolepipona</emphasis>
|
||
Giordani Soika
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having only one species endemic to the Bonin Islands. While the first two are well distinct and easily recognizable on the basis of generally constant characters, the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358AD1F427D348FECD" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1994" box="[955,1103,258,284]" class="Insecta" genus="Incolepipona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358AD1F427D348FECD" box="[955,1103,258,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Incolepipona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is mainly based on characters that are widely subject to variability in many genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358B94F403D487FE91" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[766,896,294,320]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eumeninae">Eumeninae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: proportions of clypeus and tegula, development of the carinae on mesepisternum, metanotum and propodeum, convexity of S2 and sculpture (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62039A358DC9F46FD297FEB5" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[1187,1424,330,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref23549" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1994) Ricerche sistematiche su alcuni generi di Eumenidi della regione orientale e della Papuasia (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale " Giacomo Doria ", 90, 1 - 348." type="journal article" year="1994">Giordani Soika 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The comparison of a
|
||
<typeStatus id="9F747FD962039A3588EAF44AD6E7FE58" box="[384,480,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
of the only species included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358A56F44BD4D7FE59" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1994" box="[828,976,366,392]" class="Insecta" genus="Incolepipona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358A56F44BD4D7FE59" box="[828,976,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Incolepipona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358AB6F44BD7C8FE7D" ID-CoL="3CGJD" authority="Giordani Soika, 1994" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convergens">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358AB6F44BD3E1FE59" box="[988,1254,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus convergens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62039A358D86F44BD7C8FE7D" author="Giordani Soika, A." pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref23549" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1994) Ricerche sistematiche su alcuni generi di Eumenidi della regione orientale e della Papuasia (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale " Giacomo Doria ", 90, 1 - 348." type="journal article" year="1994">Giordani Soika, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8F4DDFE62039A3589B7F4B7D65DFE7D" box="[221,346,402,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1476,1500]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1452]" captionTargetId="figure-20@10.[151,1435,181,1452]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. A–B, Euodynerus convergens Giordani Soika, female paratype. C–D, Euodynerus occultus (Gusenleitner), comb. nov., female holotype. E–F, Euodynerus annae (Kostylev), female syntype. G–H, Euodynerus shirazensis Giordani Soika, female paratype. Figures 1C, D courtesy of OLML, downloaded from ZOBODAT (2024). Figures 1E, F courtesy of Yulia V. Astafurova (ZISP)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239441" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239441/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Figs 1A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
), with several other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358BDAF4B7D431FE7D" ID-CoL="4G4Z" box="[688,822,402,428]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358BDAF4B7D431FE7D" box="[688,822,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has revealed that these differences are inconsistent and do not support the recognition of a distinct subgenus. In particular,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358AE1F492D32FFE01" ID-CoL="3CGJD" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1994" box="[907,1064,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convergens">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358AE1F492D32FFE01" box="[907,1064,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">E. convergens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows evident affinities with the species included in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358B7BF4FFD5BCFE25" authorityName="Bluthgen" authorityYear="1938" box="[529,699,474,500]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareuodynerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358B7BF4FFD5BCFE25" box="[529,699,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Pareuodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the morphology of vertex, metanotum and propodeum, while the other characters have purely specific value. For this reason, the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358D3AF4DBD3E3FDC9" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1994" box="[1104,1252,510,536]" class="Insecta" genus="Incolepipona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358D3AF4DBD3E3FDC9" box="[1104,1252,510,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Incolepipona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is synonymized under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A3589B4F707D68FFDED" authorityName="Bluthgen" authorityYear="1938" box="[222,392,546,572]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="179" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareuodynerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A3589B4F707D68FFDED" box="[222,392,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Pareuodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4070C17B62039A3589ADF763D43FFC3D" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,1689]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
The study of monospecific
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358894F763D57BFDB1" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[510,636,582,608]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eumeninae">Eumeninae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera conducted by the first author (M. Selis, unpublished data) also revealed a further synonymy at the genus-level.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62039A358BCDF74FD481FD55" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[679,902,618,644]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="537 - 540" refId="ref23919" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2014) Eine neue Gattund und Art der Eumeninae aus dem Iran (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 46 (1), 537 - 540." type="journal article" year="2014">Gusenleitner (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358D00F74ED7C8FD79" authority="Gusenleitner, 2014" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Extraepipona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358D00F74ED205FD55" box="[1130,1282,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Extraepipona</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62039A358C6DF74FD7C8FD79" author="Gusenleitner, J." pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="537 - 540" refId="ref23919" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2014) Eine neue Gattund und Art der Eumeninae aus dem Iran (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 46 (1), 537 - 540." type="journal article" year="2014">Gusenleitner, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to accommodate a single species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38D881EB62039A358B17F7AAD5AAFD78" box="[637,685,655,681]" name="Iran" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358BDDF7AAD385FD79" authority="Gusenleitner, 2014" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2014" box="[695,1154,654,680]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Extraepipona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358BDDF7AAD4A0FD79" box="[695,935,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Extraepipona occulta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62039A358AC7F7ABD385FD79" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[941,1154,654,680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="537 - 540" refId="ref23919" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2014) Eine neue Gattund und Art der Eumeninae aus dem Iran (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 46 (1), 537 - 540." type="journal article" year="2014">Gusenleitner, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and compared it with the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A35898AF797D51CFD1D" authority="de Saussure" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1863" box="[224,539,690,716]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Anterhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A35898AF797D68CFD1D" box="[224,395,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Anterhynchium</emphasis>
|
||
de Saussure
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, proposing only the shape of the clypeus and of the axillary fossa as diagnostic characters. As already predictable from the different shapes of the axillary fossa, the examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="9F747FD962039A358C50F7F3D29BFD21" box="[1338,1436,726,752]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A3589DFF7DED6A1FCC5" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2014" box="[181,422,762,788]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Extraepipona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A3589DFF7DED6A1FCC5" box="[181,422,762,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Extraepipona occulta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8F4DDFE62039A3588DFF7DFD536FCC5" box="[437,561,762,788]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1476,1500]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1452]" captionTargetId="figure-20@10.[151,1435,181,1452]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. A–B, Euodynerus convergens Giordani Soika, female paratype. C–D, Euodynerus occultus (Gusenleitner), comb. nov., female holotype. E–F, Euodynerus annae (Kostylev), female syntype. G–H, Euodynerus shirazensis Giordani Soika, female paratype. Figures 1C, D courtesy of OLML, downloaded from ZOBODAT (2024). Figures 1E, F courtesy of Yulia V. Astafurova (ZISP)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239441" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239441/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Figs 1C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) demonstrated that this taxon has little affinity with the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358D81F7DFD291FCC5" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1863" box="[1259,1430,762,788]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Anterhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358D81F7DFD291FCC5" box="[1259,1430,762,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Anterhynchium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but presents all the diagnostic characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358BE2F63BD409FCE9" box="[648,782,798,824]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358BE2F63BD409FCE9" box="[648,782,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as T1 with a translucent margin and morphology of metanotum and propodeum, leading to the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358A79F666D4ACFC8D" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2014" box="[787,939,835,860]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Extraepipona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358A79F666D4ACFC8D" box="[787,939,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Extraepipona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358A86F667D375FC8D" box="[1004,1138,834,860]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358A86F667D375FC8D" box="[1004,1138,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In particular,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358C7CF667D7F3FC51" authorityName="Selis & Fateryga & Cilia" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Gusenleitner" baseAuthorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occultus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358C7CF667D7F3FC51" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus occultus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358869F643D683FC51" bold="true" box="[259,388,870,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6988A01262039A358869F643D683FC51" box="[259,388,870,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
seems closely related to another Iranian species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358ADBF643D240FC51" authority="(Kostylev, 1937)" baseAuthorityName="Kostylev" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[945,1351,870,896]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annae">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358ADBF643D385FC51" box="[945,1154,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus annae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62039A358DF8F643D238FC51" author="Kostylev, G." box="[1170,1343,870,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="221 - 226" refId="ref24574" refString="Kostylev, G. (1937) Quelques especes nouvelles ou peu connues dela famille des Vespides. Archives du Musee Zoologique de l'Universite de Moscou, 3. 221 - 226. [in Russian and French]" type="journal article" year="1937">Kostylev, 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(which is the senior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A3588C4F6AFD4A8FC75" authority="Giordani Soika, 1970" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1970" box="[430,943,906,932]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shirazensis" status="syn. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A3588C4F6AFD5B1FC75" box="[430,694,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus shirazensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62039A358BD7F6AFD4A8FC75" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[701,943,906,932]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="27 - 183" refId="ref23378" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1970) Contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi del Medio Oriente. Missione Giordani Soika in Iran 1965, III. Bollettino del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Venezia, 20 / 21, 27 - 183." type="journal article" year="1970">Giordani Soika, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358AD3F6AFD327FC75" bold="true" box="[953,1056,906,932]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6988A01262039A358AD3F6AFD327FC75" box="[953,1056,906,932]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, after examining the types of both species,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8F4DDFE62039A358992F68BD671FC19" box="[248,374,942,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1476,1500]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1452]" captionTargetId="figure-20@10.[151,1435,181,1452]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. A–B, Euodynerus convergens Giordani Soika, female paratype. C–D, Euodynerus occultus (Gusenleitner), comb. nov., female holotype. E–F, Euodynerus annae (Kostylev), female syntype. G–H, Euodynerus shirazensis Giordani Soika, female paratype. Figures 1C, D courtesy of OLML, downloaded from ZOBODAT (2024). Figures 1E, F courtesy of Yulia V. Astafurova (ZISP)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239441" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239441/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Figs 1E–H</figureCitation>
|
||
), from which it is however easily differentiated by its color pattern and some morphological characters (e.g. dorsal carinae of the propodeum, sculpture).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4070C17B62039A3589ADF6D3D4E4F948" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,1689]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
These synonymies lead the taxonomy of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358A6AF6D3D481FBC1" box="[768,902,1014,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358A6AF6D3D481FBC1" box="[768,902,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to a division into two subgenera,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358D94F6D3D283FBC1" box="[1278,1412,1014,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358D94F6D3D283FBC1" box="[1278,1412,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6988A01262039A358CE0F6D2D7BEFBE4" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A35899BF13FD69CFBE5" authorityName="Bluthgen" authorityYear="1938" box="[241,411,1050,1076]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="179" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareuodynerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A35899BF13FD69CFBE5" box="[241,411,1050,1076]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Pareuodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however some considerations must be made. Our molecular data show both subgenera as non-monophyletic, since some species attributed to the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358A16F11BD321FB89" authorityName="Bluthgen" authorityYear="1938" box="[892,1062,1086,1112]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareuodynerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358A16F11BD321FB89" box="[892,1062,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Pareuodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358D5DF11AD3EBFB89" authorityName="IT Tuili" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1079,1260,1086,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358D5DF11AD3EBFB89" box="[1079,1260,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">E. bidentiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358D91F11AD29BFB89" authorityName="PT Reconco" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[1275,1436,1086,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358D91F11AD29BFB89" box="[1275,1436,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">E. bidentoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A3589ADF146D64EFBAD" authorityName="KZ Lepsy" baseAuthorityName="Radoszkowski" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[199,329,1123,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strigatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A3589ADF146D64EFBAD" box="[199,329,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">E. strigatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) do not form a monophyletic group with the remaining species of the subgenus but are positioned separately in the clade formed by the species of the nominotypical subgenus. Although COI analysis is known to have limited power in resolving deeper phylogenetic relationships (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62039A358AF3F18FD362FB15" author="Trunz, V. & Packer, L. & Vieu, J. & Arrigo, N. & Praz, C." box="[921,1125,1194,1220]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="245 - 259" refId="ref25987" refString="Trunz, V., Packer, L., Vieu, J., Arrigo, N. & Praz, C. (2016) Comprehensive phylogeny, biogeography and new classification of the diverse bee tribe Megachilini: can we use DNA barcodes in phylogenies of large genera? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 103, 245 - 259. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2016.07.004" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Trunz
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358A8CF18ED327FB15" box="[998,1056,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the results presented here may indicate that the currently recognized subgenera in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358A61F1EBD496FB39" box="[779,913,1230,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358A61F1EBD496FB39" box="[779,913,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not represent monophyletic natural groups, and sampling of more conserved genes than COI will be necessary to solve this issue. In addition to the need for more conserved genetic markers, it will be necessary to sample
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358A1AF033D348FAE1" box="[880,1103,1302,1328]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358A1AF033D4F1FAE1" box="[880,1014,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the entire known range of the genus and species belonging to related genera, since on the basis of morphological studies the nominotypical subgenus appears to be constituted by different phyletic lineages (see Appendix 1 for list of examined species): as already highlighted by Selis (2024), some Afrotropical species form a well-defined group with affinities to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A3589B4F082D514FA11" authority="Giordani Soika" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1977" box="[222,531,1446,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Proepipona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A3589B4F082D666FA11" box="[222,353,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Proepipona</emphasis>
|
||
Giordani Soika
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as is also observed in numerous New World species that show greater similarities with the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A35882FF0EFD573FA35" authority="de Saussure" authorityName="de Saussure" box="[325,628,1482,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pachodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A35882FF0EFD6E2FA35" box="[325,485,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Pachodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
de Saussure
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than with the Old World species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358D7AF0EFD391FA35" box="[1040,1174,1482,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358D7AF0EFD391FA35" box="[1040,1174,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6988A01262039A358DF4F0EED3DDFA34" box="[1182,1242,1483,1509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A special case is constituted by the Australian species attributed to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358A42F0CBD357F9D9" authority="de Saussure" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1856" box="[808,1104,1518,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pseudepipona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358A42F0CBD4C0F9D9" box="[808,967,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Pseudepipona</emphasis>
|
||
de Saussure
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62039A358D1CF0CBD269F9D9" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[1142,1390,1518,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="57 - 202" refId="ref23343" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1962) Gli Odynerus sensu antiquo del continente australiano e della Tasmania. Bollettino del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Venezia, 14, 57 - 202." type="journal article" year="1962">Giordani Soika (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and recently moved to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A35880CF337D6EBF9FD" box="[358,492,1554,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A35880CF337D6EBF9FD" box="[358,492,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="245EBC8A62039A358B7FF337D442F9FD" author="Carpenter, J. M. & Brown, G. R." box="[533,837,1554,1581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" pagination="1 - 68" refId="ref22341" refString="Carpenter, J. M. & Brown, G. R. (2021) Catalogue of the Australian Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Zootaxa, 4919 (1), 1 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4919.1.1" type="journal article" year="2021">Carpenter & Brown (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as some of them show only a superficial similarity to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A3589FDF313D61AF981" box="[151,285,1590,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A3589FDF313D61AF981" box="[151,285,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, resulting morphologically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358BA8F313D34FF981" authority="(de Saussure)" baseAuthorityName="de Saussure" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[706,1096,1590,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pseudabispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358BA8F313D4AFF981" box="[706,936,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Pseudabispa bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
(de Saussure)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species which in turn shows little similarity to the other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358B2AF37FD489F9A5" authority="van der Vecht. A" authorityName="van der Vecht. A" authorityYear="1960" box="[576,910,1626,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pseudabispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358B2AF37FD5C8F9A5" box="[576,719,1626,1652]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Pseudabispa</emphasis>
|
||
van der Vecht. A
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complete phylogeny of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CFBAF862039A358DF7F37FD224F9A5" box="[1181,1315,1626,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72BB1D6962039A358DF7F37FD224F9A5" box="[1181,1315,1626,1652]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Euodynerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
will likely lead to important changes in the current subgeneric taxonomy of the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |