342 lines
57 KiB
XML
342 lines
57 KiB
XML
<document id="2BC438FBEF079052511DDA73EAA2D351" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.193114" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1c228c59-84ad-4a68-812f-2cffafd47c1f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="193114" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460097873350" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rodriguez, Pilar & Achurra, Ainara" docDate="2010" docId="C8764570FFADAA0F71C8BE08FC82F868" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02332p039.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2332" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lophochaeta ignota Stolc 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="344F3D08FFA7AA00715FBB4EFFDCFFA3" masterDocTitle="New species of aquatic oligochaetes (Annelida: Clitellata) from groundwaters in karstic areas of northern Spain, with taxonomic remarks on Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1886" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1698234791604" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="1513D84A762C0A7C1636ACD822FE6986">New species of aquatic oligochaetes (Annelida: Clitellata) from groundwaters in karstic areas of northern Spain, with taxonomic remarks on Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1886</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B26A4E7FD29F1BBB2B8864C997727767">Rodriguez, Pilar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1C9F0AA458044C006274243DB30D61D7">Achurra, Ainara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="BAC281D3BE46B8209E7A6D15EEC726EC">2010</mods:date>
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<treatment id="C8764570FFADAA0F71C8BE08FC82F868" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6211157" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124955395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6211157" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C8764570FFADAA0F71C8BE08FC82F868" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C8764570FFADAA0F71C8BE08FC82F868" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<subSubSection id="08C5A7EDFFADAA0A71C8BE08FEEAFA24" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4060F466FFADAA0A71C8BE08FDCAFAC3" blockId="10.[151,534,1350,1415]" box="[151,534,1350,1376]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<heading id="1B28430AFFADAA0A71C8BE08FDCAFAC3" bold="true" box="[151,534,1350,1376]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFADAA0A71C8BE08FDCAFAC3" ID-CoL="3W2TH" authority="Stolc, 1886" authorityName="Stolc" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,534,1350,1376]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignota">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFADAA0A71C8BE08FDCAFAC3" bold="true" box="[151,534,1350,1376]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFADAA0A71C8BE08FE54FAC3" bold="true" box="[151,392,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Lophochaeta ignota</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFADAA0A70D0BE08FDCAFAC3" author="Stolc" box="[399,534,1350,1376]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39" refString="Stolc, A. (1886) Prehled ceskych Tubificidu. Sitzungsberichte der koniglichen Bohmischen Gesellschaft fur Wissenschaften, Praha, 1885, 640 - 647." type="journal article" year="1886">Štolc, 1886</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4060F466FFADAA0A71C8BE23FEEAFA24" blockId="10.[151,534,1350,1415]" box="[151,310,1389,1415]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFADAA0A71C8BE23FF7DFA24" bold="true" box="[151,161,1389,1415]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">(</emphasis>
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<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFADAA0A71FEBE23FEF1FA24" box="[161,301,1389,1415]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8" captionStart-2="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="11.[151,255,1821,1845]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,255,1809,1833]" captionStartId-2="13.[151,258,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1427,264,1791]" captionTargetBox-1="[254,1354,229,1760]" captionTargetBox-2="[201,1405,189,1866]" captionTargetId-0="figure@11.[151,1436,229,1798]" captionTargetId-1="figure@12.[221,1365,194,1788]" captionTargetId-2="figure@13.[177,1421,178,1866]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 7. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1986. A and B: dorsal pectinate and barbed hair chaetae in preclitellar segments (arrows pointing to barbs); C: anterior ventral chaeta; D: posterior ventral chaeta; E: anterior part of the body, arrow pointing to the glands on the pharynx, in segment III; F: commissural blood vessels in several consecutive segments of the anterior part of the body (see arrow heads); G and H: general view of specimens from Estonian (G) and Russian (H) populations, arrows pointing to anterior and posterior hair chaetae. Scale bars: E – F: 100 µm, G and H: 2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 8. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1886. A: general diagram of the male duct. X and XI: segment number; B: detail of the penial sac; C: male duct of incompletely mature specimen. Abbreviations: a: atrium, aa: atrial ampulla, cps: cuticular penial sheath, jpg: junction of the prostate gland, mp: male pore, ms: muscular strands, p: penis, pg: prostate gland, ps: penial sac, vd: vas deferens." captionText-2="FIGURE 9. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1886. A to D: consecutive histological sections of the male duct, showing opposite junctions of prostate gland and vas deferens to the atrial ampulla; E: other histological section of the male duct; F: spermatheca. Abbreviations: a: atrium, aa: atrial ampulla, cps: cuticular penial sheath, jpg: junction of the prostate gland, pg: prostate gland, ps: penial sac, sa: spermathecal ampulla, sd: spermathecal duct, sf: sperm funnel, vd: vas deferens. Scale bars: 100 µm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/193120/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/193121/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/193122/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Figures 7–9</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="08C5A7EDFFADAA0A71C8BEF4FCF7F9D2" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="4060F466FFADAA0A71C8BEF4FE31FA72" blockId="10.[151,924,1466,1649]" box="[151,493,1466,1489]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFADAA0A71C8BEF4FE31FA72" authority="Stolc, 1886" authorityName="Stolc" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,493,1466,1489]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignota">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFADAA0A71C8BEF4FEB1FA72" box="[151,365,1466,1489]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Lophochaeta ignota</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFADAA0A702BBEF4FE31FA72" author="Stolc" box="[372,493,1466,1489]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39" refString="Stolc, A. (1886) Prehled ceskych Tubificidu. Sitzungsberichte der koniglichen Bohmischen Gesellschaft fur Wissenschaften, Praha, 1885, 640 - 647." type="journal article" year="1886">Štolc, 1886</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4060F466FFADAA0A71C8BE94FDF7FA52" blockId="10.[151,924,1466,1649]" box="[151,555,1498,1521]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFADAA0A71C8BE94FE73FA52" authority="Stolc" authorityName="Stolc" box="[151,431,1498,1521]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignota">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFADAA0A71C8BE94FEB1FA52" box="[151,365,1498,1521]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Lophochaeta ignota</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFADAA0A702BBE94FE73FA52" author="Stolc" box="[372,431,1498,1521]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39" refString="Stolc, A. (1888) Monografie ceskych Tubificidu. Morfologicka a systematicka studie. Abhandlungen der mathematischnaturwissenschaftlichen Classe der koniglichen bohmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, 2, 1 - 45" type="journal article" year="1888">Štolc</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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: Štolc 1888
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4060F466FFADAA0A71C8BEB4FE3BF9B2" blockId="10.[151,924,1466,1649]" box="[151,487,1530,1553]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFADAA0A71C8BEB4FE3BF9B2" authority="Michaelsen, 1901" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,487,1530,1553]" class="Clitellata" family="Tubificidae" genus="Tubifex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="filum">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFADAA0A71C8BEB4FEFFF9B2" box="[151,291,1530,1553]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Tubifex filum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFADAA0A7076BEB4FE3BF9B2" author="Michaelsen" box="[297,487,1530,1553]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1901) Neue Tubificiden des Niederelbgebiets. Verhandlungen des Naturwissenscahftlichen Vereins in Hamburg, 3, 68 - 69." type="journal article" year="1901">Michaelsen, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4060F466FFADAA0A71C8BD54FE20F992" blockId="10.[151,924,1466,1649]" box="[151,508,1562,1585]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFADAA0A71C8BD54FE20F992" authority="Bretscher, 1905" authorityName="Bretscher" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,508,1562,1585]" class="Clitellata" family="Tubificidae" genus="Tubifex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longiseta">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFADAA0A71C8BD54FE92F992" box="[151,334,1562,1585]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Tubifex longiseta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFADAA0A700BBD54FE20F992" author="Bretscher" box="[340,508,1562,1585]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" refString="Bretscher, K. (1905) Beobachtungen uber die Oligochaeten der Schweiz. Revue suissse de Zoologie, 13, 663 - 667." type="journal article" year="1905">Bretscher, 1905</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4060F466FFADAA0A71C8BD74FCF7F9D2" blockId="10.[151,924,1466,1649]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFADAA0A71C8BD74FE51F9F2" authority="Stolc" authorityName="Stolc" box="[151,397,1594,1617]" class="Clitellata" family="Tubificidae" genus="Tubifex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignotus">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFADAA0A71C8BD74FEE7F9F2" box="[151,315,1594,1617]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Tubifex ignotus</emphasis>
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(Štolc)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFADAA0A70C7BD74FDFFF9F2" author="Laakso" box="[408,547,1594,1617]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39" refString="Laakso, M. (1969) Oligochaeta from brackish water near Tvarmine, South-West Finland. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 6, 98 - 111." type="journal article" year="1969">Laakso 1969</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFADAA0A7371BD74FD71F9F2" author="Hrabe" box="[558,685,1594,1617]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39" refString="Hrabe, S. (1981) Vodni malostetinatci (Oligochaeta) C eskoslovenska. Acta Universitatis Carolinae - Biologica, 1979, 1 - 167." type="journal article" year="1981">Hrabë 1981</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFADAA0A73E7BD74FC40F9F2" author="Chekanovskaya" box="[696,924,1594,1617]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" refString="Chekanovskaya, O. V. (1981) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the USSR. Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 513 pp." type="book" year="1981">Chekanovskaya 1981</bibRefCitation>
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For references before 1971 see Brinkhurst and Jamieson 1971
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="08C5A7EDFFADAA0A71C8BDEEFF3FF800" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="4060F466FFADAA0A71C8BDEEFC9AF88C" blockId="10.[151,1437,1696,2032]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFADAA0A71C8BDEEFE7AF919" bold="true" box="[151,422,1696,1722]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Examined material.</emphasis>
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From Apraiz karstic spring (
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<date id="3461D2A6FFADAA0A727EBDEFFBCDF918" box="[801,1041,1697,1723]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" value="2005-09-06">6 September 2005</date>
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), UTM coordinates X:524225, Y:4801350, Z:22. One whole-mounted in lactophenol, 3 sectioned, 4 dissected (one of them not fully mature) and
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<specimenCount id="56D93FEFFFADAA0A7192BDA0FEA6F8AB" box="[205,378,1774,1800]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" type="generic">24 specimens</specimenCount>
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preserved in alcohol 70% (at different stages of maturity). From Iturgoien cave (
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<date id="3461D2A6FFADAA0A74D3BDA0FE84F88C" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" value="2005-09-06">6 September 2005</date>
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) one dissected specimen not fully mature.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4060F466FFADAA0A719ABC75FF3FF800" blockId="10.[151,1437,1696,2032]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFADAA0A719ABC75FE90F8F6" bold="true" box="[197,332,1851,1877]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Localities.</emphasis>
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Apraiz spring and Iturgoien cave (X:524217, Y:4801296, Z:21) both are very close and connected subterranean sites in Busturia (Santa Eufemia–Ereñozar karst unit, Biscay,
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<collectingCountry id="38C8B4F6FFADAA0A75FBBC2CFB36F8DF" box="[1188,1258,1890,1916]" name="Spain" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Spain</collectingCountry>
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) (
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<date id="3461D2A6FFADAA0A745BBC2CFF0BF800" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" value="2005-09-06">6 September 2005</date>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="08C5A7EDFFADAA0F719ABCE1FCC0FF7B" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4060F466FFADAA0A719ABCE1FB00F853" blockId="10.[151,1437,1696,2032]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFADAA0A719ABCE1FE81F86A" bold="true" box="[197,349,1967,1993]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Description.</emphasis>
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Long worms, body length of preserved mature specimens up to
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<quantity id="87275983FFADAA0A7504BCFEFB72F869" box="[1115,1198,1968,1994]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
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with 160 segments; width in segment VIII 0.3–0.4 mm; and down to 0.15 mm in the posterior region of the body.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="14A0A4EEFFACAA0B71C8BC53FAF2F81C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193120/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[159,1427,264,1791]" targetPageId="11">
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<paragraph id="4060F466FFACAA0B71C8BC53FAF2F81C" blockId="11.[151,1436,1821,1984]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFACAA0B71C8BC53FEC5F896" bold="true" box="[151,281,1821,1845]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFACAA0B707EBC50FDA0F897" authority="Stolc, 1986" authorityName="Stolc" authorityYear="1986" box="[289,636,1821,1845]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignota">
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFACAA0B707EBC50FE2BF896" box="[289,503,1822,1845]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Lophochaeta ignota</emphasis>
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Štolc, 1986
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</taxonomicName>
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. A and B: dorsal pectinate and barbed hair chaetae in preclitellar segments (arrows pointing to barbs); C: anterior ventral chaeta; D: posterior ventral chaeta; E: anterior part of the body, arrow pointing to the glands on the pharynx, in segment III; F: commissural blood vessels in several consecutive segments of the anterior part of the body (see arrow heads); G and H: general view of specimens from Estonian (G) and Russian (H) populations, arrows pointing to anterior and posterior hair chaetae.
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<emphasis id="72AB2874FFACAA0B723BBCE6FC04F863" bold="true" box="[868,984,1960,1984]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Scale bars</emphasis>
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: E–F: 100 µm, G and H: 2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="14A0A4EEFFABAA0C71C8BC5FFDEDF833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193121/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[254,1354,229,1760]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFABAA0C71C8BC5FFDEDF833" blockId="12.[151,1436,1809,1936]" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFABAA0C71C8BC5FFEC4F88A" bold="true" box="[151,280,1809,1833]" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFABAA0C707FBC5CFDA4F88B" authority="Stolc, 1886" authorityName="Stolc" authorityYear="1886" box="[288,632,1809,1833]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignota">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFABAA0C707FBC5CFE2AF88A" box="[288,502,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">Lophochaeta ignota</emphasis>
|
||
Štolc, 1886
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A: general diagram of the male duct. X and XI: segment number; B: detail of the penial sac; C: male duct of incompletely mature specimen.
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFABAA0C722ABC7DFBF9F8E8" bold="true" box="[885,1061,1843,1867]" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">Abbreviations:</emphasis>
|
||
a: atrium, aa: atrial ampulla, cps: cuticular penial sheath, jpg: junction of the prostate gland, mp: male pore, ms: muscular strands, p: penis, pg: prostate gland, ps: penial sac, vd: vas deferens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="14A0A4EEFFAAAA0D71C8BC02FE07F84C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193122/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" targetBox="[201,1405,189,1866]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFAAAA0D71C8BC02FE07F84C" blockId="13.[151,1436,1868,2031]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFAAAA0D71C8BC02FEC3F8C7" bold="true" box="[151,287,1868,1892]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFAAAA0D7078BC03FD48F8C7" authority="Stolc, 1886" authorityName="Stolc" authorityYear="1886" box="[295,660,1869,1892]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignota">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFAAAA0D7078BC03FDD5F8C7" box="[295,521,1869,1892]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Lophochaeta ignota</emphasis>
|
||
Štolc, 1886
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A to D: consecutive histological sections of the male duct, showing opposite junctions of prostate gland and vas deferens to the atrial ampulla; E: other histological section of the male duct; F: spermatheca.
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFAAAA0D7015BCDCFE2AF809" bold="true" box="[330,502,1938,1962]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Abbreviations:</emphasis>
|
||
a: atrium, aa: atrial ampulla, cps: cuticular penial sheath, jpg: junction of the prostate gland, pg: prostate gland, ps: penial sac, sa: spermathecal ampulla, sd: spermathecal duct, sf: sperm funnel, vd: vas deferens.
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFAAAA0D71A1BC99FEAEF84C" bold="true" box="[254,370,2007,2031]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Scale bars</emphasis>
|
||
: 100 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFA9AA0E7193BBD6FEFAFE39" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Prostomium rounded, 120–135 µm long and 115–145 µm wide. Body wall consisting of a muscular layer 5–7 µm thick, and an epidermal layer 5–10 µm thick covered by a cuticle of 2–3 µm. Anterior region of the body with secondary annulation; in two examined mature individuals it was apparent from segment II to V and II to VIII, respectively. Clitellum in segments XI–XII, not much elevated. One pair of spermathecal pores in X, close and lateral to the ventral bundles of chaetae. When completely mature (with eggs into the egg sac), one pair of male pores open close to ventral bundles of chaetae, in a hollow formed in the ventral side of segment XI.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFA9AA0E7192BAE8FC12FC33" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Dorsal bundles of chaetae consist of hair and pectinate chaetae. Hair chaetae very long and hispid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA9AA0E7433BAE8FF7AFE44" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,264,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,229,1798]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1986. A and B: dorsal pectinate and barbed hair chaetae in preclitellar segments (arrows pointing to barbs); C: anterior ventral chaeta; D: posterior ventral chaeta; E: anterior part of the body, arrow pointing to the glands on the pharynx, in segment III; F: commissural blood vessels in several consecutive segments of the anterior part of the body (see arrow heads); G and H: general view of specimens from Estonian (G) and Russian (H) populations, arrows pointing to anterior and posterior hair chaetae. Scale bars: E – F: 100 µm, G and H: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193120/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B) covered by fine bristles visible under 400x magnification. In preclitellar segments 1–2 hairs per bundle, one in postclitellar segments and absent at the hind part of the body. Length of hair chaetae grows backwards, up to 350 µm long in segment III; up to 480 µm in V; up to 650 µm in VIII (approx. 2 times the body diameter) and up to 850 µm (2 to 3 times the body diameter) in postclitellar segments. In preclitellar dorsal bundles, 2–3 characteristic pectinate chaetae per bundle, 88–95 µm long, with distal nodulus, the proximal part of the chaeta straight and the distal part curved; stout teeth up to 7 µm long, with 2 intermediate thin teeth of about equal length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA9AA0E7344B9FBFDBEFD6C" box="[539,610,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,264,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,229,1798]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1986. A and B: dorsal pectinate and barbed hair chaetae in preclitellar segments (arrows pointing to barbs); C: anterior ventral chaeta; D: posterior ventral chaeta; E: anterior part of the body, arrow pointing to the glands on the pharynx, in segment III; F: commissural blood vessels in several consecutive segments of the anterior part of the body (see arrow heads); G and H: general view of specimens from Estonian (G) and Russian (H) populations, arrows pointing to anterior and posterior hair chaetae. Scale bars: E – F: 100 µm, G and H: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193120/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B)). In posterior segments, one pectinate chaeta per bundle, 60–78 µm long, with shorter teeth and gradually losing the characteristic curved shape of the distal part of the chaeta towards the hind region of the body, where regular sigmoid chaetae without intermediary teeth are found. Ventral bundles in anterior segments with 3–4 bifid chaetae (52–82 µm long), distal tooth longer than proximal one (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA9AA0E701AB81EFE50FCC9" box="[325,396,848,874]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,264,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,229,1798]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1986. A and B: dorsal pectinate and barbed hair chaetae in preclitellar segments (arrows pointing to barbs); C: anterior ventral chaeta; D: posterior ventral chaeta; E: anterior part of the body, arrow pointing to the glands on the pharynx, in segment III; F: commissural blood vessels in several consecutive segments of the anterior part of the body (see arrow heads); G and H: general view of specimens from Estonian (G) and Russian (H) populations, arrows pointing to anterior and posterior hair chaetae. Scale bars: E – F: 100 µm, G and H: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193120/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
C); in postclitellar segments 2–3 bifid chaetae, 68–73 µm long, with distal tooth shorter and thinner than proximal one (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA9AA0E7357B838FD92FC33" box="[520,590,886,912]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,264,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,229,1798]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1986. A and B: dorsal pectinate and barbed hair chaetae in preclitellar segments (arrows pointing to barbs); C: anterior ventral chaeta; D: posterior ventral chaeta; E: anterior part of the body, arrow pointing to the glands on the pharynx, in segment III; F: commissural blood vessels in several consecutive segments of the anterior part of the body (see arrow heads); G and H: general view of specimens from Estonian (G) and Russian (H) populations, arrows pointing to anterior and posterior hair chaetae. Scale bars: E – F: 100 µm, G and H: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193120/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
D). No modified genital chaetae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFA9AA0E719AB8D3FEA7FB3C" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Brain back to intersegment 1/2. Coelomocytes not visible within the coelomic cavity in most specimens, although in some occasions small ones (
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA9AA0E73FDB88AFD1CFC7E" box="[674,704,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">ca</emphasis>
|
||
3 µm diameter) were observed. Typical muscular dorsal pharyngeal pad not developed. Pharyngeal glands from segment III back to segment VI, dorsal to the pharynx in segment III (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA9AA0E7011BF5FFE49FB88" box="[334,405,1041,1067]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,264,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,229,1798]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1986. A and B: dorsal pectinate and barbed hair chaetae in preclitellar segments (arrows pointing to barbs); C: anterior ventral chaeta; D: posterior ventral chaeta; E: anterior part of the body, arrow pointing to the glands on the pharynx, in segment III; F: commissural blood vessels in several consecutive segments of the anterior part of the body (see arrow heads); G and H: general view of specimens from Estonian (G) and Russian (H) populations, arrows pointing to anterior and posterior hair chaetae. Scale bars: E – F: 100 µm, G and H: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193120/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
E), lateral and ventral to the gut in IV and V, and ventral in VI. A layer of chloragogen cells on the digestive tract, from segment VI, backwards. Oesophagus opens gradually into the intestine. Dorsal and ventral vessels very apparent throughout the body and commisural vessels noticeable in anterior segments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA9AA0E704BBFCBFE87FB3C" box="[276,347,1157,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,264,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,229,1798]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1986. A and B: dorsal pectinate and barbed hair chaetae in preclitellar segments (arrows pointing to barbs); C: anterior ventral chaeta; D: posterior ventral chaeta; E: anterior part of the body, arrow pointing to the glands on the pharynx, in segment III; F: commissural blood vessels in several consecutive segments of the anterior part of the body (see arrow heads); G and H: general view of specimens from Estonian (G) and Russian (H) populations, arrows pointing to anterior and posterior hair chaetae. Scale bars: E – F: 100 µm, G and H: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193120/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFA9AA0E719ABFE2FEE9F8F4" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">
|
||
One pair of testes in X and one pair of ovaries in XI. Sperm sacs developed anteriorly to segment IX and back to segment XIII. Egg sac can reach segment XV. All following measurements on the male duct were obtained from egg-bearing individuals. Male funnel 100–107 µm high, attached to the septum in 10/11. Very long vas deferens, forming numerous loops in segments XI and XII, ciliated and about the same diameter throughout its length, varying in different specimens from 30 to 40 µm (in one specimen briefly narrowing just before the junction with the sperm funnel); epithelial layer 7.5–10 µm thick. Atria tubular in segment XI, approximately 275–325 µm long, 34–43 µm diameter, and covered by a very thin muscular layer. Maximum diameter of atrium up to 60 µm in the distal portion; atrium folds several times, and enters the penial sac through a narrow section
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA9AA0E709BBEAFFE2DFA59" box="[452,497,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">(ca.</emphasis>
|
||
30 µm diameter). Atrium expands entally, forming an oval ampulla (70–80 µm wide, and 105–150 µm long) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA9AA0E7359BD46FD92F981" box="[518,590,1544,1570]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1809,1833]" captionTargetBox="[254,1354,229,1760]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[221,1365,194,1788]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1886. A: general diagram of the male duct. X and XI: segment number; B: detail of the penial sac; C: male duct of incompletely mature specimen. Abbreviations: a: atrium, aa: atrial ampulla, cps: cuticular penial sheath, jpg: junction of the prostate gland, mp: male pore, ms: muscular strands, p: penis, pg: prostate gland, ps: penial sac, vd: vas deferens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193121/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Atrial epithelium simple in the ectal section, and glandular (finely granular) in the ental ampulla. Epithelial cells at the atrial ampulla higher (up to 25 µm) than those in the other sections of the atrium (13–18 µm). Vas deferens enters the distal part of the atrium opposite to the junction of the compact prostate gland (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA9AA0E70BCBD32FDFBF935" box="[483,551,1660,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,258,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[201,1405,189,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[177,1421,178,1866]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1886. A to D: consecutive histological sections of the male duct, showing opposite junctions of prostate gland and vas deferens to the atrial ampulla; E: other histological section of the male duct; F: spermatheca. Abbreviations: a: atrium, aa: atrial ampulla, cps: cuticular penial sheath, jpg: junction of the prostate gland, pg: prostate gland, ps: penial sac, sa: spermathecal ampulla, sd: spermathecal duct, sf: sperm funnel, vd: vas deferens. Scale bars: 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193122/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
A–D). Atrium opens into elongated penial sac, 100 µm wide, reinforced by both longitudinal and circular musculature. In fully mature specimens, the internal walls of the penial sacs are covered by a thin cuticle, and have several lateral folds (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA9AA0E7276BD87FCB2F940" box="[809,878,1737,1763]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1809,1833]" captionTargetBox="[254,1354,229,1760]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[221,1365,194,1788]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1886. A: general diagram of the male duct. X and XI: segment number; B: detail of the penial sac; C: male duct of incompletely mature specimen. Abbreviations: a: atrium, aa: atrial ampulla, cps: cuticular penial sheath, jpg: junction of the prostate gland, mp: male pore, ms: muscular strands, p: penis, pg: prostate gland, ps: penial sac, vd: vas deferens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193121/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
B and 9B–E). Short, conical penis (up to 37 µm long and 37 µm maximum diameter) is lined with a cuticular layer thinner than that of the body wall; its outline follows the shape of the penis. The penis is not free within this cuticular sheath. Female funnels were not observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFA9AA0F719ABC2AFCC0FF7B" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,1995]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,152,1995]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">
|
||
One pair of spermathecae in segment X. Spermathecal ampulla elongated, up to 425 µm long and 132 µm diameter in the examined specimens, gradually narrowing towards the spermathecal duct, which is relatively short (50–70 µm long and 25 µm wide) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA9AA0E732ABCFFFD60F868" box="[629,700,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,258,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[201,1405,189,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[177,1421,178,1866]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1886. A to D: consecutive histological sections of the male duct, showing opposite junctions of prostate gland and vas deferens to the atrial ampulla; E: other histological section of the male duct; F: spermatheca. Abbreviations: a: atrium, aa: atrial ampulla, cps: cuticular penial sheath, jpg: junction of the prostate gland, pg: prostate gland, ps: penial sac, sa: spermathecal ampulla, sd: spermathecal duct, sf: sperm funnel, vd: vas deferens. Scale bars: 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193122/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
F). Spermathecal epithelium up to 10 µm high. Undetermined matter fills the lumen of the ampulla, with a smooth uniform surface that resembles a liquid, and no remnants of spermatozeugmata or spermatozoids were observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="08C5A7EDFFA8AA0F719ABBABFC82F868" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFA8AA0F719ABBABFE6BFED0" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F719ABBABFDD1FF5C" bold="true" box="[197,525,229,255]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
The species has been widely reported in lakes and rivers of the Holarctic region, Africa (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38C8B4F6FFA8AA0F7014BA42FE78FE85" box="[331,420,268,294]" name="Tunisia" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38C8B4F6FFA8AA0F7081BA42FDA4FE85" box="[478,632,268,294]" name="South Africa" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38C8B4F6FFA8AA0F725ABA42FCB6FE85" box="[773,874,268,294]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Lake Titicaca). In the Iberian Peninsula, it has been reported in epigean waters, usually immature; in karstic springs of the study area it has been found mature for the first time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFA8AA0F719ABA31FAE1FD55" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F719ABA31FE13FE3A" bold="true" box="[197,463,383,409]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Taxonomic remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The description of the new material of the species agrees with the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F71C8BAE9FE5FFE63" box="[151,387,423,448]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignota">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F71C8BAE9FE5FFE63" box="[151,387,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Lophochaeta ignota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F70EFBAE8FDE7FE63" author="Stolc" box="[432,571,422,448]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Stolc, A. (1886) Prehled ceskych Tubificidu. Sitzungsberichte der koniglichen Bohmischen Gesellschaft fur Wissenschaften, Praha, 1885, 640 - 647." type="journal article" year="1886">Štolc (1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F7318BAE8FD59FE63" author="Stolc" box="[583,645,422,448]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Stolc, A. (1888) Monografie ceskych Tubificidu. Morfologicka a systematicka studie. Abhandlungen der mathematischnaturwissenschaftlichen Classe der koniglichen bohmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, 2, 1 - 45" type="journal article" year="1888">1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), whose description was meticulous on nerve and vascular systems but poor on the reproductive organs. Štolc did not measure the length of the hair chaetae but mentioned their hispid nature. The new material also agrees with the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F72F3BABAFB9BFDAE" box="[940,1095,500,525]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F72F3BABAFB9BFDAE" box="[940,1095,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Lophochaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F752ABABAFA91FDAD" author="Holmquist" box="[1141,1357,500,526]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Holmquist, C. (1985) A revision of the genera Tubifex Lamarck, Ilyodrilus Eisen, and Potamothrix Vejdovsky and Mrazek (Oligochaeta, Tubificidae), with extensions to some connected genera. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Systematik), 112, 311 - 366." type="journal article" year="1985">Holmquist (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, being remarkable the presence of hispid (barbed) hair chaetae; the tubular shape of the atrium, with an ental ampulla, where prostate and vas deferens enter opposite each other; and the long and throughout ciliated vas deferens. The position of spermathecal pores, lateral in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F720FB926FC70FD22" box="[848,940,616,641]" class="Clitellata" family="Tubificidae" genus="Tubifex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F720FB926FC70FD22" box="[848,940,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Tubifex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and ventral in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F7535B926FAD7FD22" box="[1130,1291,616,641]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F7535B926FAD7FD22" box="[1130,1291,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Lophochaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, could be a character subject to variation at the species level, although Holmquist introduced it in the diagnosis of the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F71B2B9FBFE98FD6D" box="[237,324,693,718]" class="Clitellata" family="Tubificidae" genus="Tubifex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F71B2B9FBFE98FD6D" box="[237,324,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Tubifex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as lateral) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F735BB9FBFD41FD6D" box="[516,669,693,718]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F735BB9FBFD41FD6D" box="[516,669,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Lophochaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as ventral). This variability can also be applied for the shape of spermathecal ampulla (rounded
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F7350B992FDF3FD56" box="[527,559,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
sac-like) or for the length of the spemathecal duct (short
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F758FB992FB2CFD56" box="[1232,1264,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
long).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFA8AA0F719AB84CFB25FB3C" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F70C4B84CFDE8FCB8" box="[411,564,770,795]" class="Clitellata" family="Tubificidae" genus="Tubifex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="filum">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F70C4B84CFDE8FCB8" box="[411,564,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Tubifex filum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F7328B84CFCBFFCB8" box="[631,867,770,795]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignota">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F7328B84CFCBFFCB8" box="[631,867,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Lophochaeta ignota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F7554B84EFB4BFCBF" author="Hrabe" box="[1035,1175,768,796]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Hrabe, S. (1962) Oligochaeta limicola from Onega Lake collected by Mr. B. M. Alexandrov. Publications de la Faculte des Sciences de l'Universite J. E. Purkyn e, Brno, 435, 277 - 333." type="journal article" year="1962">Hrabë 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and widely accepted) is admitted by the authors, although we recognize that there are some blank gaps in the original description of the species. Thus,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F702CB81EFDDCFCC9" author="Stolc" box="[371,512,848,874]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Stolc, A. (1886) Prehled ceskych Tubificidu. Sitzungsberichte der koniglichen Bohmischen Gesellschaft fur Wissenschaften, Praha, 1885, 640 - 647." type="journal article" year="1886">Štolc (1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F7352B81EFD95FCC9" author="Stolc" box="[525,585,848,874]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Stolc, A. (1888) Monografie ceskych Tubificidu. Morfologicka a systematicka studie. Abhandlungen der mathematischnaturwissenschaftlichen Classe der koniglichen bohmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, 2, 1 - 45" type="journal article" year="1888">1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) did not mention the presence of exceptionally long hair chaetae in the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F7071B839FDC7FC33" box="[302,539,887,912]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignota">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F7071B839FDC7FC33" box="[302,539,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Lophochaeta ignota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
although this character was stated in subsequent descriptions of the species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F71C0B8D3FEB2FC14" author="Michaelsen" box="[159,366,925,951]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1901) Neue Tubificiden des Niederelbgebiets. Verhandlungen des Naturwissenscahftlichen Vereins in Hamburg, 3, 68 - 69." type="journal article" year="1901">Michaelsen 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F7024B8D5FDD7FC14" author="Hrabe" box="[379,523,923,951]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Hrabe, S. (1962) Oligochaeta limicola from Onega Lake collected by Mr. B. M. Alexandrov. Publications de la Faculte des Sciences de l'Universite J. E. Purkyn e, Brno, 435, 277 - 333." type="journal article" year="1962">Hrabë 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). By other side,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F7393B8D3FCB4FC15" box="[716,872,925,950]" class="Clitellata" family="Tubificidae" genus="Tubifex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="filum">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F7393B8D3FCB4FC15" box="[716,872,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Tubifex filum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F751BB8D3FAFEFC14" author="Michaelsen" box="[1092,1314,925,951]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1901) Neue Tubificiden des Niederelbgebiets. Verhandlungen des Naturwissenscahftlichen Vereins in Hamburg, 3, 68 - 69." type="journal article" year="1901">Michaelsen (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as a long, thin and threadlike worm, with 2 (3) very fine and long hair chaetae with maximum length behind the clitellum (0.9 mm), but there was no mention to barbs. According to our measurements in North European populations of
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F701ABF5FFE6BFB89" box="[325,439,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F701ABF5FFE6DFB89" box="[325,433,1041,1066]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignota">L. ignota</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the length of the hair chaetae can be variable (up to 550 µm in postclitellar segments, in the Russian population; up to 1350 µm in postclitellar segments, in the Estonian population) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA8AA0F7452BF76FA8FFBF1" box="[1293,1363,1080,1106]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,264,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,229,1798]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1986. A and B: dorsal pectinate and barbed hair chaetae in preclitellar segments (arrows pointing to barbs); C: anterior ventral chaeta; D: posterior ventral chaeta; E: anterior part of the body, arrow pointing to the glands on the pharynx, in segment III; F: commissural blood vessels in several consecutive segments of the anterior part of the body (see arrow heads); G and H: general view of specimens from Estonian (G) and Russian (H) populations, arrows pointing to anterior and posterior hair chaetae. Scale bars: E – F: 100 µm, G and H: 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193120/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
G, H). Regarding to the barbs on the hair chaetae, all examined specimens from different geographic areas have hispid chaetae, which were observed at a magnification of 400x and with interferential contrast.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFA8AA0F719ABFE2FEE2FA58" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The general description of the male duct of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F72DFBFE2FC2EFB66" box="[896,1010,1196,1221]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignota">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F72DFBFE2FC2EFB66" box="[896,1010,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">L. ignota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F757DBFE4FB1DFB65" author="Hrabe" box="[1058,1217,1194,1222]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Hrabe, S. (1962) Oligochaeta limicola from Onega Lake collected by Mr. B. M. Alexandrov. Publications de la Faculte des Sciences de l'Universite J. E. Purkyn e, Brno, 435, 277 - 333." type="journal article" year="1962">Hrabë (1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F7590BFE2FACCFB65" author="Hrabe" box="[1231,1296,1196,1222]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Hrabe, S. (1981) Vodni malostetinatci (Oligochaeta) C eskoslovenska. Acta Universitatis Carolinae - Biologica, 1979, 1 - 167." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F741EBFE2FF33FB4F" class="Clitellata" family="Tubificidae" genus="Tubifex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F741EBFE2FF33FB4F" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Tubifex ignotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) mostly agrees with ours, except that he states that the vas deferens gradually dilates from the ental (22 µm diameter) to the ectal part (32–40 µm diameter). He also described the junction of vas deferens with the atrium as apical, in the small spherical ampulla of the atrium. It is interesting to note that this general sketch of the atrium is similar to that found in individuals which have not formed eggs yet (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA8AA0F75A2BE08FA9EFAC3" box="[1277,1346,1350,1376]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1809,1833]" captionTargetBox="[254,1354,229,1760]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[221,1365,194,1788]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1886. A: general diagram of the male duct. X and XI: segment number; B: detail of the penial sac; C: male duct of incompletely mature specimen. Abbreviations: a: atrium, aa: atrial ampulla, cps: cuticular penial sheath, jpg: junction of the prostate gland, mp: male pore, ms: muscular strands, p: penis, pg: prostate gland, ps: penial sac, vd: vas deferens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193121/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Our examined specimens have glandular epithelium mostly restricted to the apical ampulla while atrial walls were described as “glandular for the most part” by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F7385BEDAFB9CFA0D" author="Chekanovskaya" box="[730,1088,1428,1454]" pageId="15" pageNumber="38" refString="Chekanovskaya, O. V. (1981) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the USSR. Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 513 pp." type="book" year="1981">Chekanovskaya (1981: 340)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. She also stated that atrium “posteriorly narrows abruptly to 44 µm”, probably referring to the narrowing that occurs just before entering the penial sac.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFA8AA0F719ABD48FF16F8A9" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F719ABD48FEBAF981" author="Hrabe" box="[197,358,1542,1570]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Hrabe, S. (1981) Vodni malostetinatci (Oligochaeta) C eskoslovenska. Acta Universitatis Carolinae - Biologica, 1979, 1 - 167." type="journal article" year="1981">Hrabë (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the penis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F7320BD46FD30F982" box="[639,748,1544,1569]" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Lophochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tubificida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignota">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F7320BD46FD30F982" box="[639,748,1544,1569]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">L. ignota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87DF8FE5FFA8AA0F7240BD46FC49F982" box="[799,917,1544,1569]" class="Clitellata" family="Tubificidae" genus="Tubifex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ignotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72AB2874FFA8AA0F7240BD46FC49F982" box="[799,917,1544,1569]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">T. ignotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) being cylindrical and covered by a strong cuticle, but not forming a cuticular tube of permanent shape. In our specimens, the cuticle although well visible, does not appear strong and it conforms to the shape of the penis, which is not free inside a cuticular sheath. This can be interpreted in the same way as Hrabë’s description.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F72B8BD32FB2BF935" author="Chekanovskaya" box="[999,1271,1660,1686]" pageId="15" pageNumber="38" refString="Chekanovskaya, O. V. (1981) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the USSR. Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 513 pp." type="book" year="1981">Chekanovskaya (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the penis of the species as “small and rounded” within a folded penial sac. In the examined specimens from our collection, the penis is conical and short in relation to the length of the penial sac, which is also folded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8E4E8E3FFA8AA0F7433BD87FF7AF8A9" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1809,1833]" captionTargetBox="[254,1354,229,1760]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[221,1365,194,1788]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1886. A: general diagram of the male duct. X and XI: segment number; B: detail of the penial sac; C: male duct of incompletely mature specimen. Abbreviations: a: atrium, aa: atrial ampulla, cps: cuticular penial sheath, jpg: junction of the prostate gland, mp: male pore, ms: muscular strands, p: penis, pg: prostate gland, ps: penial sac, vd: vas deferens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193121/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4060F466FFA8AA0F719ABC58FC82F868" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The general shape and structure of the spermatheca in present description agrees with the description given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F7059BC73FE4FF8F4" author="Stolc" box="[262,403,1853,1879]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Stolc, A. (1886) Prehled ceskych Tubificidu. Sitzungsberichte der koniglichen Bohmischen Gesellschaft fur Wissenschaften, Praha, 1885, 640 - 647." type="journal article" year="1886">Štolc (1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F70FFBC73FE03F8F4" author="Stolc" box="[416,479,1853,1879]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Stolc, A. (1888) Monografie ceskych Tubificidu. Morfologicka a systematicka studie. Abhandlungen der mathematischnaturwissenschaftlichen Classe der koniglichen bohmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, 2, 1 - 45" type="journal article" year="1888">1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F70ABBC75FD50F8F4" author="Hrabe" box="[500,652,1851,1879]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Hrabe, S. (1962) Oligochaeta limicola from Onega Lake collected by Mr. B. M. Alexandrov. Publications de la Faculte des Sciences de l'Universite J. E. Purkyn e, Brno, 435, 277 - 333." type="journal article" year="1962">Hrabë (1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F73C5BC73FD0AF8F4" author="Hrabe" box="[666,726,1853,1879]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Hrabe, S. (1981) Vodni malostetinatci (Oligochaeta) C eskoslovenska. Acta Universitatis Carolinae - Biologica, 1979, 1 - 167." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F7245BC73FBF3F8F4" author="Chekanovskaya" box="[794,1071,1853,1879]" pageId="15" pageNumber="38" refString="Chekanovskaya, O. V. (1981) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the USSR. Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 513 pp." type="book" year="1981">Chekanovskaya (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Spermatozeugmata were only mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="244E8997FFA8AA0F7010BC2CFE26F8DD" author="Hrabe" box="[335,506,1890,1918]" pageId="15" pageNumber="39" refString="Hrabe, S. (1962) Oligochaeta limicola from Onega Lake collected by Mr. B. M. Alexandrov. Publications de la Faculte des Sciences de l'Universite J. E. Purkyn e, Brno, 435, 277 - 333." type="journal article" year="1962">Hrabë (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
but drawings or detailed descriptions were lacking. The examination of specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38C8B4F6FFA8AA0F7002BCC4FE71F807" box="[349,429,1930,1956]" name="Russia" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
revealed the presence of sperm into the spermathecal ampulla, but without forming spermatozeugmata (observation confirmed by M. Ferraguti).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |