200 lines
33 KiB
XML
200 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="65E15225A51C80E7993C7B6F4B0E465A" ID-DOI="10.25674/SO94iSS3iD303" ID-ISSN="2509-9523" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13193962" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722631614709" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Frisch, Johannes & Mainda, Tobias" docDate="2022" docId="039B5575FF9FDF7D3ACDF9FFFDE2FDC0" docLanguage="en" docName="SoilOrg.94.3.139-147.pdf" docOrigin="Soil Organisms 94 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/so94iss3id303" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EA2ECAC87EC21C07AB805D5B9B4601F2.2:SoilOrg.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="EA2ECAC87EC21C07AB805D5B9B4601F2" docStyleName="SoilOrg.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Scopaeus kokodanus Cameron 1938" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="140" masterDocId="FFA22D0DFF9EDF7E3A19FFECFFA6FFF1" masterDocTitle="The Scopaeus kokodanus species group (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae) from New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, with description of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="147" masterPageNumber="139" pageNumber="140" updateTime="1722679412379" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="91EC868CA51562180C0E2CD1BD1567B6">The Scopaeus kokodanus species group (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae) from New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, with description of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C70FD2D5E73F602A4E93856F6608C2CC" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B0B736A91863F117D439B2965C40E2C2">Frisch, Johannes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E7862654889ECE70944FD5ACDB37C15C">MUSeUM füR NatURKUnDe BeRLin, Leibniz InStitUte fOR EvOLUtiOn anD BiODiveRSity Science,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="75E90DD094DE906C0EE5DF646CE6A05F">Mainda, Tobias</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7788CEA99C0CCA762E9D99703ABD44A3">ZOOLOgiScheS MUSeUM, UniveRSität GReifSWaLD, LOitzeR StRasse 26, 17489 GReifSWaLD, GeRMany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="774C930EEB7B9490953320726DA7BC2D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B7ECD8B7A59034B76B404EBBDAD635FB">Soil Organisms</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FD4604C04F9AB31F67E62BB28633EC0F">
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<mods:date id="4049B44FC177EDE12744F1C75CE2CD12">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0DB0FC4997FE81DC2DE738C3657D5793">2022-12-01</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="0195A8D07A9BDB3AF151594E47C4EFEF">http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/so94iss3id303</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="38496EB900D1823DE576F09058261A1A" type="DOI">10.25674/SO94iSS3iD303</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5006CA40D4407A383EDC634EB21F27AE" type="ISSN">2509-9523</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039B5575FF9FDF7D3ACDF9FFFDE2FDC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B5575FF9FDF7D3ACDF9FFFDE2FDC0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B5575FF9FDF7D3ACDF9FFFDE2FDC0" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
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<subSubSection id="C328B7E8FF9FDF7F3ACDF9FFFEDDF9BA" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8DE463FF9FDF7F3ACDF9FFFEDDF9BA" blockId="1.[212,719,1554,1611]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
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<heading id="D0C5530FFF9FDF7F3ACDF9FFFEDDF9BA" bold="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3ACDF9FFFEDDF9BA" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9FDF7F3B15F9FFFD69F9DC" ID-CoL="6Y9DN" authority="Cameron, 1938" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1938" box="[268,719,1554,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kokodanus">
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<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3B15F9FFFDAFF9DC" bold="true" box="[268,521,1554,1581]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Scopaeus kokodanus</emphasis>
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Cameron, 1938
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</taxonomicName>
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species group
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C328B7E8FF9FDF7F3ACDF99BFAB4FA79" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B8DE463FF9FDF7F3ACDF99BFB87FDC0" blockId="1.[189,802,1655,1975]" lastBlockId="1.[824,1437,241,1976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
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<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3ACDF99BFEE5F97E" bold="true" box="[212,323,1655,1679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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: Medium sized to large, macrophthalmous, alate
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<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9FDF7F3B1AF975FECCF941" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1839" box="[259,362,1689,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3B1AF975FECCF941" box="[259,362,1689,1712]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Scopaeus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with slender body and appendages (
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<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F3ADDF955FE8CF920" box="[196,298,1721,1745]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,224,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[275,1286,249,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-24@2.[151,1398,230,1903]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1–4. Habitus of Scopaeus kokodanus, Papua New Guinea, Morobe, Waritaian (1), S. arfakmontium, paratype, Indonesia, West Papua,Arfak Mts (2), S. balkei, paratype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (3), S. potamides, paratype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193964/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs 1–4</figureCitation>
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). Body length 3.6–5.0 mm, forebody length
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<quantity id="4CCA4986FF9FDF7F3AA4F936FEE1F900" box="[189,327,1754,1778]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="2.45" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.1">2.1 – 2.8 mm</quantity>
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. Head slightly elongate to strongly pyriform with maximum width across eyes and tempora evenly narrowed from eyes to neck constriction, head 1.08 – 1.16 times as long as wide, head across eyes 1.17 – 1.42 times as wide as tempora at half of length from eyes to neck constriction. Median labral denticles acute, lateral labral denticles shorter and stouter, with about right-angled apex. Antenna slender with elongate distal segments, penultimate segment 1.1 – 1.14 times as long as wide. Protarsomeres about twice as wide as long. Legs slender, tibia of mesothoracic leg 6.7 – 11.2 times as long as wide. Elytra with well developed shoulders, about 1.1 – 1.23 times as long as pronotum. Metathoracic wings fully developed and functional. Surface of forebody shiny with very fine and spacious setose punctation and without microreticulation. Abdomen finely microreticulate, matter than forebody.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8DE463FF9FDF7F3956FDD6FC69FB15" blockId="1.[824,1437,241,1976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
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<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3956FDD6FC2FFDA3" bold="true" box="[847,905,570,594]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Male</emphasis>
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: Aedeagus with long phallobase and comparatively short distal lobes (
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<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F3EAEFDB7FAB8FD82" box="[1207,1310,603,627]" captionStart="Figures 5–7" captionStartId="4.[151,224,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[227,1323,999,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-374@4.[151,1398,985,1887]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 5–7. Aedeagus (in lateral view) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua, Arfak Mts (5), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (6), S. potamides, holotype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (7). Abbreviations: dl – distal lobes, pb – phallobase." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193968" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193968/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs 5–7</figureCitation>
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); in dorsal and ventral view (
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<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F39E2FD90FAA3FD65" box="[1019,1285,636,660]" captionStart="Figures 8–16" captionStartId="5.[189,262,1908,1930]" captionTargetBox="[236,1378,299,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[189,1436,227,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 8–16. Apical portion of aedeagus in lateral (8, 11, 14), ventral (9, 12, 15), dorsal view (10, 13, 16) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua, Arfak Mts (8–10), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (11–13), S. potamides, holotype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (14–16). Abbreviations: al – apical lobes, dl – dorsal lobe, f – flagellum, ll – lateral lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193970/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16</figureCitation>
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), lateral lobes strongly projecting, each bearing apical and ventral group of long setae; apical lobes short, almost semicircular at apex in dorsal and ventral view (
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<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F3EB3FD33FCF2FCE6" captionStart="Figures 8–16" captionStartId="5.[189,262,1908,1930]" captionTargetBox="[236,1378,299,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[189,1436,227,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 8–16. Apical portion of aedeagus in lateral (8, 11, 14), ventral (9, 12, 15), dorsal view (10, 13, 16) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua, Arfak Mts (8–10), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (11–13), S. potamides, holotype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (14–16). Abbreviations: al – apical lobes, dl – dorsal lobe, f – flagellum, ll – lateral lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193970/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16</figureCitation>
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), with somewhat emarginate ventrodistal margin (
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<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F3F74FCECFC31FCC8" captionStart="Figures 8–16" captionStartId="5.[189,262,1908,1930]" captionTargetBox="[236,1378,299,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[189,1436,227,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 8–16. Apical portion of aedeagus in lateral (8, 11, 14), ventral (9, 12, 15), dorsal view (10, 13, 16) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua, Arfak Mts (8–10), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (11–13), S. potamides, holotype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (14–16). Abbreviations: al – apical lobes, dl – dorsal lobe, f – flagellum, ll – lateral lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193970/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs 8, 11, 14</figureCitation>
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); dorsal lobe evenly narrowed towards apex in lateral view (
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<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F39DEFCADFBFDFCA8" box="[967,1115,833,857]" captionStart="Figures 8–16" captionStartId="5.[189,262,1908,1930]" captionTargetBox="[236,1378,299,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[189,1436,227,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 8–16. Apical portion of aedeagus in lateral (8, 11, 14), ventral (9, 12, 15), dorsal view (10, 13, 16) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua, Arfak Mts (8–10), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (11–13), S. potamides, holotype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (14–16). Abbreviations: al – apical lobes, dl – dorsal lobe, f – flagellum, ll – lateral lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193970/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs 8, 11, 14</figureCitation>
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), with subtriangular (
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<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F3F51FCADFA33FCA8" box="[1352,1429,833,857]" captionStart="Figures 8–16" captionStartId="5.[189,262,1908,1930]" captionTargetBox="[236,1378,299,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[189,1436,227,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 8–16. Apical portion of aedeagus in lateral (8, 11, 14), ventral (9, 12, 15), dorsal view (10, 13, 16) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua, Arfak Mts (8–10), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (11–13), S. potamides, holotype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (14–16). Abbreviations: al – apical lobes, dl – dorsal lobe, f – flagellum, ll – lateral lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193970/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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) to round (
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<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F3987FC8EFBB4FC8B" box="[926,1042,866,890]" captionStart="Figures 8–16" captionStartId="5.[189,262,1908,1930]" captionTargetBox="[236,1378,299,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[189,1436,227,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 8–16. Apical portion of aedeagus in lateral (8, 11, 14), ventral (9, 12, 15), dorsal view (10, 13, 16) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua, Arfak Mts (8–10), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (11–13), S. potamides, holotype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (14–16). Abbreviations: al – apical lobes, dl – dorsal lobe, f – flagellum, ll – lateral lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193970/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs 13, 16</figureCitation>
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) apex in dorsal view; flagellum short and without modifications (
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<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F3E74FC6FFAAAFC6A" box="[1133,1292,899,923]" captionStart="Figures 8–16" captionStartId="5.[189,262,1908,1930]" captionTargetBox="[236,1378,299,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[189,1436,227,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 8–16. Apical portion of aedeagus in lateral (8, 11, 14), ventral (9, 12, 15), dorsal view (10, 13, 16) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua, Arfak Mts (8–10), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (11–13), S. potamides, holotype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (14–16). Abbreviations: al – apical lobes, dl – dorsal lobe, f – flagellum, ll – lateral lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193970/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs 8, 11, 14</figureCitation>
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). Abdominal sternite VII (
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<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F39C2FC48FB33FC4D" box="[987,1173,932,956]" captionStart="Figures 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,224,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[222,1362,228,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1398,224,1865]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 17–24. Abdominal sternite VII (17, 19, 21) and abdominal sternite VIII (18, 20, 22) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua,Arfak Mts (17, 18), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (19, 20), S. potamides, paratype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (21, 22), S. kokodanus (23). Figs 23, 24: sperm pumps of (23) S. kokodanus, Papua New Guinea, Morobe, (24) S. balkei, paratype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193972/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs 17, 19, 21</figureCitation>
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) slightly and broadly emarginate posteriorly and with strong, asetose, median depression covering more than median half of sternite width and all of sternite length, except for strongly sclerotized posterior margin, and being surrounded by a varying number of long, black, medioposteriad pointing setae. Posterior margin of abdominal sternite VIII (
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<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F3F74FB85FC04FB53" captionStart="Figures 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,224,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[222,1362,228,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1398,224,1865]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 17–24. Abdominal sternite VII (17, 19, 21) and abdominal sternite VIII (18, 20, 22) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua,Arfak Mts (17, 18), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (19, 20), S. potamides, paratype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (21, 22), S. kokodanus (23). Figs 23, 24: sperm pumps of (23) S. kokodanus, Papua New Guinea, Morobe, (24) S. balkei, paratype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193972/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs 18, 20, 22</figureCitation>
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) with two deep, lateral emarginations forming narrow median lobe with more or less shallow distal emargination.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8DE463FF9FDF7F3956FB01FAB4FA79" blockId="1.[824,1437,241,1976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
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<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3956FB01FC07FAF4" bold="true" box="[847,929,1261,1285]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Female</emphasis>
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: Sperm pump (
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<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F3E4CFB01FB0AFAF4" box="[1109,1196,1261,1285]" captionStart="Figures 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,224,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[222,1362,228,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1398,224,1865]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 17–24. Abdominal sternite VII (17, 19, 21) and abdominal sternite VIII (18, 20, 22) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua,Arfak Mts (17, 18), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (19, 20), S. potamides, paratype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (21, 22), S. kokodanus (23). Figs 23, 24: sperm pumps of (23) S. kokodanus, Papua New Guinea, Morobe, (24) S. balkei, paratype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193972/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs 23</figureCitation>
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, 34) of characteristic shape of
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9FDF7F39BCFAE2FBAAFAD4" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1839" box="[933,1036,1294,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F39BCFAE2FBAAFAD4" box="[933,1036,1294,1317]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Scopaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275850AFF9FDF7F3E00FAE2FBFEFAD4" box="[1049,1112,1294,1317]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA39992FF9FDF7F3E75FAE2FACAFAD7" author="Frisch, J. & D. Burckhardt & V. Wolters" box="[1132,1388,1294,1318]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="27 - 53" refId="ref4585" refString="Frisch, J., D. Burckhardt & V. Wolters (2002): Rove beetles of the subtribe Scopaeina Coiffait (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in the West Palaearctic: Phylogeny, biogeography and species catalogue. - Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 2 (1): 27 - 53. - Electronic Supplement: Synonymic catalog of West Palaearctic Scopaeina including biogeographic information: 1 - 13 [http: // senckenberg. uni-frankfurt. de / odes / 02 - 02. htm]." type="journal article" year="2002">Frisch et al. 2002: 30</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 35, 44,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F397AFAC2FC10FAB6" box="[867,950,1326,1351]" captionStart="Figures 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,224,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[222,1362,228,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1398,224,1865]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 17–24. Abdominal sternite VII (17, 19, 21) and abdominal sternite VIII (18, 20, 22) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua,Arfak Mts (17, 18), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (19, 20), S. potamides, paratype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (21, 22), S. kokodanus (23). Figs 23, 24: sperm pumps of (23) S. kokodanus, Papua New Guinea, Morobe, (24) S. balkei, paratype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193972/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs 24</figureCitation>
|
||
–29), but without species group and species specific features. Bursa copulatrix (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA39992FF9FDF7F3EC7FAA3FCF3FA79" author="Frisch, J. & D. Burckhardt & V. Wolters" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="27 - 53" refId="ref4585" refString="Frisch, J., D. Burckhardt & V. Wolters (2002): Rove beetles of the subtribe Scopaeina Coiffait (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in the West Palaearctic: Phylogeny, biogeography and species catalogue. - Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 2 (1): 27 - 53. - Electronic Supplement: Synonymic catalog of West Palaearctic Scopaeina including biogeographic information: 1 - 13 [http: // senckenberg. uni-frankfurt. de / odes / 02 - 02. htm]." type="journal article" year="2002">Frisch et al. 2002: 30</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 27) hyaline, without sclerotizations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C328B7E8FF9FDF7D3956FA7DFDE2FDC0" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="142" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8DE463FF9FDF7F3956FA7DFC54F9FD" blockId="1.[824,1437,241,1976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3956FA7DFC7AFA58" bold="true" box="[847,988,1425,1449]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
: As far as known presently, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9FDF7F3F2CFA7EFC0BFA3B" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kokodanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3F2CFA7EFC0BFA3B" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Scopaeus kokodanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group is confined to the Australasian region and hitherto known from New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F325A4F3FF9FDF7F3EF6FA3FFA98FA1A" box="[1263,1342,1491,1515]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F325A4F3FF9FDF7F3921FA18FC48F9FD" box="[824,1006,1524,1548]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8DE463FF9FDF7F3956F9F8FBF4F884" blockId="1.[824,1437,241,1976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3956F9F8FC60F9DD" bold="true" box="[847,966,1556,1580]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Bionomics</emphasis>
|
||
: According to the sparse label information, members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9FDF7F39F1F9DAFB60F9BF" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1938" box="[1000,1222,1590,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kokodanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F39F1F9DAFB60F9BF" box="[1000,1222,1590,1614]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Scopaeus kokodanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group were collected on banks of rain forest streams and rivers, which matches the major habitat preference of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9FDF7F3F0AF994FADEF97E" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1839" box="[1299,1400,1656,1679]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3F0AF994FADEF97E" box="[1299,1400,1656,1679]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Scopaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA39992FF9FDF7F39DBF974FB17F941" author="Frisch, J. & D. Burckhardt & V. Wolters" box="[962,1201,1688,1712]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="27 - 53" refId="ref4585" refString="Frisch, J., D. Burckhardt & V. Wolters (2002): Rove beetles of the subtribe Scopaeina Coiffait (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in the West Palaearctic: Phylogeny, biogeography and species catalogue. - Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 2 (1): 27 - 53. - Electronic Supplement: Synonymic catalog of West Palaearctic Scopaeina including biogeographic information: 1 - 13 [http: // senckenberg. uni-frankfurt. de / odes / 02 - 02. htm]." type="journal article" year="2002">Frisch et al. (2002: 28)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, at elevations between 200 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA4986FF9FDF7F398CF955FC7FF920" box="[917,985,1721,1745]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="750.0">750 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.. The locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9FDF7F3EDCF955FA87F920" authorityName="Frisch & Mainda" authorityYear="2022" box="[1221,1313,1721,1745]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3EDCF955FA87F920" box="[1221,1313,1721,1745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">S. balkei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Foja Mountains (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9FDF7F39D8F936FBB0F903" box="[961,1046,1754,1778]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="7.[189,253,1069,1091]" captionTargetBox="[189,801,239,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-632@7.[189,804,236,1046]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 25. Habitat of Scopaeus balkei in the Foja Mountains, Indonesia, Papua Province." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193978/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
) is representative for this habitat
|
||
<typeStatus id="54895AC1FF9FDF7F3921F917FCC0F8E2" box="[824,870,1787,1811]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9FDF7F3988F917FC50F8E3" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1839" box="[913,1014,1787,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3988F917FC50F8E3" box="[913,1014,1787,1810]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Scopaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in tropical rain forests. Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9FDF7F3921F8F0FC32F8C5" authorityName="Frisch & Mainda" authorityYear="2022" box="[824,916,1820,1844]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3921F8F0FC32F8C5" box="[824,916,1820,1844]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">S. balkei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were flushed by the alluvial method from semishaded gravel banks of this stream and similar localities in the Cyclops Mountains.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8DE463FF9FDF7D3956F892FDE2FDC0" blockId="1.[824,1437,241,1976]" lastBlockId="3.[189,802,241,562]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="142" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3956F892FB80F867" bold="true" box="[847,1062,1918,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Comparative notes</emphasis>
|
||
: The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9FDF7F3E7CF893FAEEF867" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1938" box="[1125,1352,1918,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kokodanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9FDF7F3E7CF893FAEEF867" box="[1125,1352,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Scopaeus kokodanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group is well defined according to the apomorphic characters of the primary and secondary sexual characters described above. The slender body shape of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9DDF7D3AA4FED8FEEAFEBA" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,332,307,331]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kokodanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9DDF7D3AA4FED8FEEAFEBA" box="[189,332,307,331]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">S. kokodanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9DDF7D3B64FED8FD89FEBA" authorityName="Frisch & Mainda" authorityYear="2022" box="[381,559,307,331]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arfakmontium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9DDF7D3B64FED8FD89FEBA" box="[381,559,307,331]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">S. arfakmontium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the characteristic pyriform head is, however, widespread in the genus, found in various species groups and thus a convergency. An example is the Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9DDF7D3829FE7AFF57FE3E" authority="Lea, 1923" authorityName="Lea" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ctenocryptus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9DDF7D3829FE7AFD47FE5F" box="[560,737,406,430]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">S. ctenocryptus</emphasis>
|
||
Lea, 1923
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA39992FF9DDF7D3B1FFE5BFE29FE3E" author="Frisch, J." box="[262,399,439,463]" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" pagination="55 - 88" refId="ref4544" refString="Frisch, J. (2016): On the Scopaeina Mulsant & Rey of Australasia (Staphylinidae, Paederinae): type revisions and new biogeographic data. - Soil Organisms 88 (1): 55 - 88." type="journal article" year="2016">Frisch 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9DDF7D3BB9FE5BFE40FE3E" box="[416,486,439,463]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,224,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[275,1286,249,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-24@2.[151,1398,230,1903]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1–4. Habitus of Scopaeus kokodanus, Papua New Guinea, Morobe, Waritaian (1), S. arfakmontium, paratype, Indonesia, West Papua,Arfak Mts (2), S. balkei, paratype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (3), S. potamides, paratype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193964/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), which strongly resembles the habitus of these species, but has sexual characters notably different from those of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C329FE0FF9DDF7D3822FE15FD6AFDE1" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1938" box="[571,716,504,528]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scopaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kokodanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9463871FF9DDF7D3822FE15FD6AFDE1" box="[571,716,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">S. kokodanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA39992FF9DDF7D3B13FDF5FE2AFDC0" author="Frisch, J." box="[266,396,537,561]" pageId="3" pageNumber="142" pagination="55 - 88" refId="ref4544" refString="Frisch, J. (2016): On the Scopaeina Mulsant & Rey of Australasia (Staphylinidae, Paederinae): type revisions and new biogeographic data. - Soil Organisms 88 (1): 55 - 88." type="journal article" year="2016">Frisch 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="1309F8E6FF9DDF7D3B8CFDF5FDB6FDC3" box="[405,528,537,562]" captionStart="Figures 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,224,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[222,1362,228,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1398,224,1865]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 17–24. Abdominal sternite VII (17, 19, 21) and abdominal sternite VIII (18, 20, 22) of Scopaeus arfakmontium, holotype, Indonesia, West Papua,Arfak Mts (17, 18), S. balkei, holotype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts (19, 20), S. potamides, paratype, Solomon Islands, Kolombangara (21, 22), S. kokodanus (23). Figs 23, 24: sperm pumps of (23) S. kokodanus, Papua New Guinea, Morobe, (24) S. balkei, paratype, Indonesia, Papua, Cyclops Mts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13193972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13193972/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="142">Figs 20–22</figureCitation>
|
||
, 60).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |