355 lines
47 KiB
XML
355 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="DAF52F47EA866E04171A4291D5607C27" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.14661935" ID-ISSN="0073-134X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14661935" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1736983887553" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Austin Daniel Rubinoff, Kyhl A. & nov, sp. nov. sp. nov. sp. nov. sp. nov. sp. nov. sp." docDate="2024" docId="8B7687A1E731D979FF3FDDF7ECDBFEB0" docLanguage="en" docName="PHawaiiEntomolSoc.56.29-59.pdf" docOrigin="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 56" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F23399B9330408C614D890974D7E38A2.2:PHawaiiEntomolSoc.2012-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="F23399B9330408C614D890974D7E38A2" docStyleName="PHawaiiEntomolSoc.2012-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Eccoptocera kualii Rubinoff & nov, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="774FFFD9E73CD976FF86D903EE7DFFEF" masterDocTitle="Nine New Species of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Including One Probably Extinct Species" masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1736984671831" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
|
||
<mods:mods id="C1109B87175DE73EDA73B14199B18026" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="8227582EE575CBE9FDBA6CE8D34515D8">
|
||
<mods:title id="4A265B6C9DD5834D013D14D6C260472E">Nine New Species of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Including One Probably Extinct Species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="A876847CE90BC414FE019B1AA319EFAA" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="54196D705FD7E6DB9CE5AF2C24A29516">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5E991A63BEE3A2E1D0956271DA84EE0B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="1305E6369252899A034CE44944647223">Austin Daniel Rubinoff, Kyhl A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="1C8CE3A7292B9DF41D34EF0DFA780444" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="94C938C8DED1657DD08282AF6F149CC7">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="E5DDF21D8F24BAB1688BB4E19FE0167D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="00CD69F357F37911F17AB1EA03AEE6B0">nov, sp. nov. sp. nov. sp. nov. sp. nov. sp. nov. sp.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="44DBA7B7A0D2D4E4EE69849CFBFE95C0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="98CB0A50C08ED1A9FBFBDF0D13A742F4" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A33E27D07DC8D3B3ADBAE9015E2D5B8D">
|
||
<mods:title id="C3A20C03166EBA5FACDD0C2D5DC5F251">Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="695DE6A2701F49EC9F3BD1BCF007D200">
|
||
<mods:date id="AB2AC93691BAECE8A58027C6E3D27A7C">2024</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="8CE04BF88C8DFEA34FFCD09E04E9B58D" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="3608D0378A00E13EC193511C9C395589">56</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="77FE9E0CC8A01B2458A66E5B9DE7FD52" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="668D4A5FF1E4991D9E112E8800858664">29</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="7235A9A05820FB3B6A795BB10319B6F6">59</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="6793129B5A6F84532A92BAC079C57F5D">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F391DC4B6292DCCDEB1F84089350E329" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.14661935</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D062D0B1AF075AE65DCF2E11EBCF07CC" type="ISSN">0073-134X</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="8B6CC5F061E0EBC9583546882B309FA6" type="Zenodo-Dep">14661935</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="8B7687A1E731D979FF3FDDF7ECDBFEB0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B7687A1E731D979FF3FDDF7ECDBFEB0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8B7687A1E731D979FF3FDDF7ECDBFEB0" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BC5653CE731D97BFF3FDDF7EC7AFAE2" box="[185,519,1268,1293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="036036B7E731D97BFF3FDDF7EC7AFAE2" blockId="13.[144,561,1268,1567]" box="[185,519,1268,1293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<heading id="582881DBE731D97BFF3FDDF7EC7AFAE2" bold="true" box="[185,519,1268,1293]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" reason="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFF3FDDF7EC7AFAE2" bold="true" box="[185,519,1268,1293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E731D97BFF3FDDF7EFE6FAE2" authorityName="Austin Daniel Rubinoff & nov" authorityYear="2024" box="[185,411,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kualii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFF3FDDF7EFE6FAE2" bold="true" box="[185,411,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Eccoptocera kualii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2A9857DEE731D97BFE2FDDF7EC7AFAE2" box="[425,519,1268,1293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BC5653CE731D97BFF7DDC17EC9BFE54" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="036036B7E731D97BFF7DDC17EC9BFE54" blockId="13.[144,561,1268,1567]" lastBlockId="13.[592,1010,145,1567]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BE42A32E731D97BFF7DDC17EF0DFAC3" box="[251,368,1300,1324]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[144,217,1026,1050]" captionTargetBox="[144,1004,144,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[144,1008,144,1008]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Olethreutinae adults. A. Bactra iomolybda, ♂, Hawaiʻi (UHIM). B. Bactra iomolybda, ♀, Hawaiʻi (HDOA). C. Bactra omoomoo, holotype, ♂, Oʻahu (UHIM). D. Bactra omoomoo, paratype, ♀, Oʻahu (BPBM). E. Bactra?straminea, ♂, Maui (UHIM). F. Bactra?straminea, ♂, Molokaʻi (UHIM). G. Eccoptocera kualii, holotype, ♂, Oʻahu (UHIM). H. Eccoptocera kualii, paratype, ♀, Oʻahu (UHIM). I. Eccoptocera iwipookua, holotype, ♂, Kauaʻi (UHIM). J. Eccoptocera iwipookua, paratype, ♂, Kauaʻi (UHIM). K. Eccoptocera iwipookua,paratype,♀,Kauaʻi(UHIM). L. Eccoptocera iwipookua, paratype, ♀, Kauaʻi (UHIM). M. Eccoptocera kukona, holotype, ♂, Kauaʻi (UHIM).N. Eccoptocera kukona,paratype,♀,Kauaʻi(UHIM).O. Eccoptocera kukona, paratype, ♀, Kauaʻi (UHIM). P. Eccoptocera kukona, paratype, ♀, Kauaʻi (UHIM). Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14661937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14661937/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Figs. 1G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BE42A32E731D97BFEFDDC17EFE1FAC3" box="[379,412,1300,1324]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[144,217,843,867]" captionTargetBox="[144,1008,144,828]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[144,1008,144,830]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Eccoptocera male genitalia. A. Eccoptocera kualii, holotype, KAA diss. #0980, Oʻahu (UHIM). Arrow indicates the moderately upcurved phallus of this species.B. Eccoptocera iwipookua,holotype,Kauaʻi,KAAdiss.#1105(UHIM).Arrow indicates the uniquely downcurved phallus of this species. C. Eccoptocera kukona, holotype, Kauaʻi, KAA diss. #1194 (UHIM). Arrow indicates the very long, upcurved phallus of this species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14661945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14661945/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BE42A32E731D97BFE20DC16EFB8FAC3" box="[422,453,1301,1324]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="8.[144,217,1077,1101]" captionTargetBox="[157,1008,144,1062]" captionTargetId="figure-13@8.[144,1008,144,1062]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 7. Bactra and Eccoptocera female genitalia. A. Bactra iomolybda, Hawaiʻi, KAA diss.#1165 (HDOA). Top arrow indicates the well-sclerotized, tunnel-like ostium of this species. Bottom arrow indicates the minute signum of this species. B. Bactra omoomoo, paratype, Oʻahu, KAA diss. #1224 (BPBM). Top arrow indicates the deep, V-shaped, open-faced ostium of this species. Bottom arrow indicates the large signum of this species. C. Bactra?straminea, Oʻahu, KAA diss. #0617 (UHIM). Top arrow indicates a unique, split sterigma (but see comments under B. iomolybda regarding the identity of the B. straminea species complex). Bottom arrow indicates the large signum of this species. D. Eccoptocera kualii, paratype, Oʻahu, KAA diss. #0979 (UHIM). Arrow indicates the triangular tooth-like process partially obscuring the ostium of this species. E. Eccoptocera iwipookua, paratype, Kauaʻi, KAA diss. #1104 (UHIM). Arrow indicates the absence of any process obscuring the ostium of this species. F. Eccoptocera kukona, paratype, Kauaʻi, KAA diss. #1098 (UHIM). Arrow indicates the slight thickening of the right side of the ostium, which is typically noticeable in slide-mounted specimens but is also present in E. foetorivorans (Butler)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14661953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14661953/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">7D</figureCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFF2EDC31EF6AFAA5" bold="true" box="[168,279,1330,1354]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E731D97BFE9BDC30EFA3FAA5" authorityName="Austin Daniel Rubinoff & nov" authorityYear="2024" box="[285,478,1330,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kualii">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFE9BDC30EFA3FAA5" box="[285,478,1330,1354]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Eccoptocera kualii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Oʻahu) is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E731D97BFEBDDC51EC50FA86" authority="(Butler)" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[315,557,1361,1385]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foetorivorans">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFEBDDC51EF37FA86" box="[315,330,1362,1385]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFED2DC52EFA7FA86" box="[340,474,1361,1385]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">foetorivorans</emphasis>
|
||
(Butler)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the most common and widespread species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E731D97BFF2BDC8DEF53FA4A" authorityName="Austin Daniel Rubinoff & nov" authorityYear="2024" box="[173,302,1422,1445]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFF2BDC8DEF53FA4A" box="[173,302,1422,1445]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Eccoptocera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on Oʻahu. Males can be distinguished most easily by the strongly red-washed forewings (gray or black in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E731D97BFF16DCE9EF3AF9EE" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[144,327,1513,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foetorivorans">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFF16DCE9EEE2F9EE" box="[144,159,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFF34DCEAEF3AF9EE" box="[178,327,1513,1537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">foetorivorans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the rounded uncus (triangular in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E731D97BFEA5DF0BEFB6F9F0" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[291,459,1543,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foetorivorans">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFEA5DF0BEF4FF9F0" box="[291,306,1544,1567]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFEC4DF04EFB6F9F0" box="[322,459,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">foetorivorans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the much shorter apicoterminal extension of the phallus (dramatically longer in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E731D97BFC5DD9B3ECA4FF09" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foetorivorans">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFC5DD9B3ED97FF28" box="[987,1002,176,199]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFDD6D9CDECA4FF09" box="[592,729,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">foetorivorans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Females can most reliably be distinguished by the conspicuous, complete median fascia (incomplete in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E731D97BFDD6D829EC8AFEAE" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[592,759,297,321]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foetorivorans">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFDD6D829EC22FEAE" box="[592,607,298,321]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFDE8D82AEC8AFEAE" box="[622,759,297,321]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">foetorivorans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the presence of a triangular, tooth-like process obscuring a portion of the ostium (this process absent or only weakly developed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E731D97BFC5CD886ECA4FE54" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foetorivorans">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFC5CD886ED94FE73" box="[986,1001,389,412]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFDD6D8A0ECA4FE54" box="[592,729,419,443]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">foetorivorans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BC5653CE731D97BFDEED8C2ED1BFBF4" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="036036B7E731D97BFDEED8C2ED1BFBF4" blockId="13.[592,1010,145,1567]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFDEED8C2ED7AFE36" bold="true" box="[616,775,449,473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Type material.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B3B73CEAE731D97BFC96D8C2ED0EFD9E" collectingDate="2023-02-19" collectionCode="UHIM" collectorName="K. A. Austin" elevation="610" latitude="21.5456" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-158.195" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFC96D8C2EDADFE37" bold="true" box="[784,976,448,473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<typeStatus id="DC648815E731D97BFC96D8C2ED0AFE36" box="[784,887,449,473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: Oʻahu:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="15D9FD3EE731D97BFC5ED8C2ED90FE37" box="[984,1005,449,472]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, Mokulēʻia F[orest] R[eserve], nr. Nike Greenhouse;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="66EB5070E731D97BFD5CD8FEED51FDFA" box="[730,812,509,533]" degrees="21.5456" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" precision="5" value="21.5456">21.5456</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="66EB5070E731D97BFCB0D8FEEDDDFDFA" box="[822,928,509,533]" degrees="158.1950" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" precision="5" value="-158.195">–158.1950</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="C4279B52E731D97BFC2CD8FDED91FDFA" box="[938,1004,510,534]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="610.0">
|
||
<elevation id="88F2D184E731D97BFC2CD8FDED91FDFA" box="[938,1004,510,534]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="610.0">610 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="77611077E731D97BFDD6DB1FECC3FDDB" box="[592,702,540,564]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" value="2023-02-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6725E99FE731D97BFDD6DB1FECC3FDDB" box="[592,702,540,564]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" value="2023-02-19">19 ii 2023</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="AE2A5361E731D97BFD4DDB1FED36FDDB" box="[715,843,540,564]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">K.A. Austin</collectorName>
|
||
et al.; UVLED light sheet / DNA extraction KA0750 / KAA diss. #0980 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="65CEAE72E731D97BFC99DB5AED11FD9E" box="[799,876,601,625]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFC06DB5AED8DFD9E" bold="true" box="[896,1008,601,625]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<typeStatus id="DC648815E731D97BFC06DB5AED8DFD9E" box="[896,1008,601,625]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="15D9FD3EE731D97BFDD1DB74ECF4FD60" box="[599,649,631,655]" count="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="male">2♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="15D9FD3EE731D97BFD11DB74ECBBFD60" box="[663,710,631,655]" count="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
). Oʻahu:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B3B73CEAE731D97BFCABDB74EC9DFD04" collectingDate="2023-02-19" collectionCode="UHIM" collectorName="K. A. Austin" elevation="610" latitude="21.5456" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-158.195" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="15D9FD3EE731D97BFCABDB74ED36FD60" box="[813,843,631,655]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="15D9FD3EE731D97BFCDFDB74ED0AFD60" box="[857,887,631,655]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, same data as holotype / DNA extractions KA0749, KA0751 / KAA diss. #0979 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="15D9FD3EE731D97BFC0CDBB7EDE7FD23" box="[906,922,692,716]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
), #0981 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="15D9FD3EE731D97BFDDEDBD0EC11FD04" box="[600,620,723,747]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="65CEAE72E731D97BFD01DBD0ECAAFD04" box="[647,727,723,747]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B3B73CEAE731D97BFD68DBD0ED60FC6C" collectingDate="2023-02-19" collectingDateMax="2023-02-20" collectingDateMin="2023-02-19" collectionCode="UHIM" collectorName="K. A. Austin" elevation="460" latitude="21.5439" location="Pahole" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-158.1883" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="15D9FD3EE731D97BFD68DBD0ED73FD04" box="[750,782,723,747]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Mokulēʻia F[orest] R[eserve], in gulch nr.
|
||
<location id="0600606CE731D97BFCC2DBF2EDF4FCE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B7687A1E731D979FF3FDDF7ECDBFEB0:0600606CE731D97BFCC2DBF2EDF4FCE6" box="[836,905,753,777]" latitude="21.5439" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-158.1883" name="Pahole" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Pahole</location>
|
||
N[atural] A[rea] R[eserve];
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="66EB5070E731D97BFC84DA0CED2FFCC8" box="[770,850,783,807]" degrees="21.5439" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" precision="5" value="21.5439">21.5439</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="66EB5070E731D97BFCDADA0CEDC2FCC8" box="[860,959,783,807]" degrees="158.1883" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" precision="5" value="-158.1883">-158.1883</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="C4279B52E731D97BFC4FDA0CEC15FCAA" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="460.0">
|
||
<elevation id="88F2D184E731D97BFC4FDA0CEC15FCAA" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="460.0">460 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="77611077E731D97BFDE9DA2DEC84FCA9" box="[623,761,814,838]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" value="2023-02-19" valueMax="2023-02-20" valueMin="2023-02-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6725E99FE731D97BFDE9DA2DEC84FCA9" box="[623,761,814,838]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" value="2023-02-19" valueMax="2023-02-20" valueMin="2023-02-19">19–20 ii2023</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="AE2A5361E731D97BFC86DA2DED02FCA9" box="[768,895,814,838]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">K. A.Austin</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMethod id="DA9E4EA0E731D97BFC03DA2DEC04FC8B" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">UVbucket trap</collectingMethod>
|
||
/ DNA extraction KA0755 / KAA diss. #0985 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="65CEAE72E731D97BFD4BDA68ED6AFC6C" box="[717,791,875,899]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B3B73CEAE731D97BFCA3DA68ED1CFBF4" collectingDate="2022-09-30" collectingDateMax="2022-10-01" collectingDateMin="2022-09-30" collectionCode="UHIM" collectorName="K. A. Austin & S. Schachat & T. Lendt & T. Smith" elevation="637" latitude="21.5371" location="Pahole" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-158.1806" municipality="Trail" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="15D9FD3EE731D97BFCA3DA68ED39FC6C" box="[805,836,875,899]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="0600606CE731D97BFCCADA69EDEDFC6D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B7687A1E731D979FF3FDDF7ECDBFEB0:0600606CE731D97BFCCADA69EDEDFC6D" box="[844,912,874,898]" latitude="21.5371" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-158.1806" municipality="Trail" name="Pahole" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Pahole</location>
|
||
N[atural] A[rea] R[eserve],Mokulēʻia
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="E304ACCDE731D97BFCE2DA8AEDE5FC4E" box="[868,920,905,929]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Trail</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="66EB5070E731D97BFC19DA8AED93FC4E" box="[927,1006,905,929]" degrees="21.5371" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" precision="5" value="21.5371">21.5371</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="66EB5070E731D97BFDD6DAA4ECC8FC50" box="[592,693,935,959]" degrees="158.1806" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" precision="5" value="-158.1806">-158.1806</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="C4279B52E731D97BFD39DAA4ED7CFC50" box="[703,769,935,959]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.37" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="637.0">
|
||
<elevation id="88F2D184E731D97BFD39DAA4ED7CFC50" box="[703,769,935,959]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.37" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="637.0">637 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="77611077E731D97BFC8CDAA4EDCCFC50" box="[778,945,935,959]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" value="2022-09-30" valueMax="2022-10-01" valueMin="2022-09-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6725E99FE731D97BFC8CDAA4EDCCFC50" box="[778,945,935,959]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" value="2022-09-30" valueMax="2022-10-01" valueMin="2022-09-30">30 ix – 1 x 2022</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="AE2A5361E731D97BFC3CDAABECEBFC31" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">K. A. Austin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="AE2A5361E731D97BFD24DAC5ED60FC31" box="[674,797,966,990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">S. Schachat</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="AE2A5361E731D97BFCAFDAC5EDFEFC31" box="[809,899,966,990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">T. Lendt</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="AE2A5361E731D97BFC16DAC5ED91FC31" box="[912,1004,966,990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">T. Smith</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMethod id="DA9E4EA0E731D97BFDD6DAE6EC93FC13" box="[592,750,996,1020]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">UV bucket trap</collectingMethod>
|
||
/ DNA extraction 0660 / KAA diss. #0895 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="65CEAE72E731D97BFC96DD00ED26FBF4" box="[784,859,1027,1051]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BC5653CE731D979FDEEDD22EF8DFDF9" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="036036B7E731D97BFDEEDD22ED8DF9EF" blockId="13.[592,1010,145,1567]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFDEEDD22EDD6FBD6" bold="true" box="[616,939,1056,1081]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Description. Male (n=3).
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFCEBDD23EDD8FBD7" bold="true" box="[877,933,1056,1080]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Head</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Scales on frons long, erect, pale whitish-brown on ventral half, dark brown on dorsal half; vertex with medial scales pale whitish-brown or silver, reddish-brown laterally; labial palpus approximately 2× width of compound eye, lateral scaling dark brown, scaling on second segment greatly expanded; medial surface with scaling pale gray, terminal segment dark brown. Ocellus moderate, nearly confluent with compound eye. Scape pale reddish-brown to dark brown; antennal notch present; sensillae minute, scarcely extending beyond scaling; dorsal scales of flagellum concolorous with scape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="036036B7E731D978FDD6DF04ED77FD23" blockId="13.[592,1010,145,1567]" lastBlockId="14.[592,1009,145,1567]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E731D97BFDD6DF04ECD8F9F0" bold="true" box="[592,677,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsum with scaling on anterior half silver-gray, scaling on posterior half dark brown or reddish-brown; tegulae intermixed with reddish-brown, dark brown, or silver scales, typically darker at base. Lateral surface of foreleg and midleg with scaling dark brown to black, femur often reddish-brown, tarsi ringed with silver scales; hindleg similar but paler. Dorsal surface of FW (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BE42A32E732D978FE09D887EF9EFE73" box="[399,483,388,412]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[144,217,1026,1050]" captionTargetBox="[144,1004,144,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[144,1008,144,1008]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Olethreutinae adults. A. Bactra iomolybda, ♂, Hawaiʻi (UHIM). B. Bactra iomolybda, ♀, Hawaiʻi (HDOA). C. Bactra omoomoo, holotype, ♂, Oʻahu (UHIM). D. Bactra omoomoo, paratype, ♀, Oʻahu (BPBM). E. Bactra?straminea, ♂, Maui (UHIM). F. Bactra?straminea, ♂, Molokaʻi (UHIM). G. Eccoptocera kualii, holotype, ♂, Oʻahu (UHIM). H. Eccoptocera kualii, paratype, ♀, Oʻahu (UHIM). I. Eccoptocera iwipookua, holotype, ♂, Kauaʻi (UHIM). J. Eccoptocera iwipookua, paratype, ♂, Kauaʻi (UHIM). K. Eccoptocera iwipookua,paratype,♀,Kauaʻi(UHIM). L. Eccoptocera iwipookua, paratype, ♀, Kauaʻi (UHIM). M. Eccoptocera kukona, holotype, ♂, Kauaʻi (UHIM).N. Eccoptocera kukona,paratype,♀,Kauaʻi(UHIM).O. Eccoptocera kukona, paratype, ♀, Kauaʻi (UHIM). P. Eccoptocera kukona, paratype, ♀, Kauaʻi (UHIM). Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14661937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14661937/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">Fig. 1G</figureCitation>
|
||
; FWL:
|
||
<quantity id="C4279B52E732D978FF16D8A1EF70FE54" box="[144,269,418,443]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.55" metricValueMax="5.7" metricValueMin="5.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="5.55" valueMax="5.7" valueMin="5.4">5.4–5.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
) with costal fold extending from wing base to approximately 0.55× FW length; ground color reddish-brown or dark brown to black, scaling above costal fold especially reddish, remainder of wing heavily overlaid with grayishsilver strigulae; strigulae fairly distinct, basal strigulae silver-gray, triangular or nearly so, terminating at 0.33× costal fold; median strigulae comprised of two pairs of broad, oblique, parallel-sided bands extending from approximately 0.5× inner margin, parallel with termen, often obscured on medial margin before reaching costal strigulae; distal margin of median strigulae fused to medial margin of ocelloid patch near end of cell; ocelloid patch with three narrow black streaks; four pairs of costal strigulae present, the distal three pairs white or silver, the basal pair beyond end of costal fold often nearly concolorous with ground color, obscure; small subapical notch present along termen; fringe with scales black, occasionally with reddish-brown scales, often with extreme tip of these scales pale gray.Ventral surface of FW entirely brown except for small patches of pale gray or white scales at costal strigulae. Dorsal surface of HW brown; cubital pecten well-developed; anal region with small extension. Ventral surface of HW pale brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E732D978FF58DC6CEF37FA68" bold="true" box="[222,330,1391,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E732D978FF58DC6CEF39FA68" bold="true" box="[222,324,1391,1415]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Vestiture of abdomen grayish-brown. Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BE42A32E732D978FE24DC8DEF8FFA49" box="[418,498,1422,1446]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[144,217,843,867]" captionTargetBox="[144,1008,144,828]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[144,1008,144,830]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Eccoptocera male genitalia. A. Eccoptocera kualii, holotype, KAA diss. #0980, Oʻahu (UHIM). Arrow indicates the moderately upcurved phallus of this species.B. Eccoptocera iwipookua,holotype,Kauaʻi,KAAdiss.#1105(UHIM).Arrow indicates the uniquely downcurved phallus of this species. C. Eccoptocera kukona, holotype, Kauaʻi, KAA diss. #1194 (UHIM). Arrow indicates the very long, upcurved phallus of this species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14661945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14661945/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
) with uncus short, narrowed on posteromedial surface, terminally rounded, slightly inflated apically, with minute, posterior rounded process (often obscured in slide-mounted specimens); socius weakly developed, flaplike, with a patch of short, dense setae; tegumen arched, with long setae present over lateral surface; gnathos present as a pair of triangular lobes and a pair of weakly sclerotized narrow arms; valva long, slender, swollen at base with large, subtriangular basal excavation, neck of valva strongly constricted, sacculus sinuate, cucullus well developed, with large ventroterminal spine-like process; valvae asymmetrical, with right cucullus longer, more strongly curved; juxta triangular, with district medial ridge; caulis long, well developed, fused to anellus; phallus robust, swollen basally, broad, with short, upcurved apical extension; vesica with a dense patch of long, thin, deciduous, spine-like cornuti.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="036036B7E732D979FDEEDBD0EF8DFDF9" blockId="14.[592,1009,145,1567]" lastBlockId="15.[144,561,145,1567]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E732D978FDEEDBD0ED39FD04" bold="true" box="[616,836,722,747]" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Female (n=2).
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E732D978FC80DBD1ED43FD05" bold="true" box="[774,830,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">Head</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to male except without reddish scaling on vertex, antenna without antennal notch.
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E732D978FC1DDA0CED8DFCC8" bold="true" box="[923,1008,783,807]" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E732D978FC1DDA0CED94FCC8" bold="true" box="[923,1001,783,807]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to male except larger (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BE42A32E732D978FC45DA2DEC0FFC8B" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[144,217,1026,1050]" captionTargetBox="[144,1004,144,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[144,1008,144,1008]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Olethreutinae adults. A. Bactra iomolybda, ♂, Hawaiʻi (UHIM). B. Bactra iomolybda, ♀, Hawaiʻi (HDOA). C. Bactra omoomoo, holotype, ♂, Oʻahu (UHIM). D. Bactra omoomoo, paratype, ♀, Oʻahu (BPBM). E. Bactra?straminea, ♂, Maui (UHIM). F. Bactra?straminea, ♂, Molokaʻi (UHIM). G. Eccoptocera kualii, holotype, ♂, Oʻahu (UHIM). H. Eccoptocera kualii, paratype, ♀, Oʻahu (UHIM). I. Eccoptocera iwipookua, holotype, ♂, Kauaʻi (UHIM). J. Eccoptocera iwipookua, paratype, ♂, Kauaʻi (UHIM). K. Eccoptocera iwipookua,paratype,♀,Kauaʻi(UHIM). L. Eccoptocera iwipookua, paratype, ♀, Kauaʻi (UHIM). M. Eccoptocera kukona, holotype, ♂, Kauaʻi (UHIM).N. Eccoptocera kukona,paratype,♀,Kauaʻi(UHIM).O. Eccoptocera kukona, paratype, ♀, Kauaʻi (UHIM). P. Eccoptocera kukona, paratype, ♀, Kauaʻi (UHIM). Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14661937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14661937/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">Fig. 1H</figureCitation>
|
||
; FWL:
|
||
<quantity id="C4279B52E732D978FD4BDA4FED2AFC8B" box="[717,855,844,868]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="6.3" valueMax="6.4" valueMin="6.2">6.2–6.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
), without any semblance of reddish scaling on dorsum or dorsal surface of FW, two additional pairs of pale dorsal strigulae along basal half of costa; costal fold, anal extension absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E732D978FC92DAE7EDF9FC13" bold="true" box="[788,900,996,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E732D978FC92DAE7ED00FC13" bold="true" box="[788,893,996,1020]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Vestiture of abdomen similar to male. Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BE42A32E732D978FDDEDD22ECD2FBD6" box="[600,687,1057,1081]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="8.[144,217,1077,1101]" captionTargetBox="[157,1008,144,1062]" captionTargetId="figure-13@8.[144,1008,144,1062]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 7. Bactra and Eccoptocera female genitalia. A. Bactra iomolybda, Hawaiʻi, KAA diss.#1165 (HDOA). Top arrow indicates the well-sclerotized, tunnel-like ostium of this species. Bottom arrow indicates the minute signum of this species. B. Bactra omoomoo, paratype, Oʻahu, KAA diss. #1224 (BPBM). Top arrow indicates the deep, V-shaped, open-faced ostium of this species. Bottom arrow indicates the large signum of this species. C. Bactra?straminea, Oʻahu, KAA diss. #0617 (UHIM). Top arrow indicates a unique, split sterigma (but see comments under B. iomolybda regarding the identity of the B. straminea species complex). Bottom arrow indicates the large signum of this species. D. Eccoptocera kualii, paratype, Oʻahu, KAA diss. #0979 (UHIM). Arrow indicates the triangular tooth-like process partially obscuring the ostium of this species. E. Eccoptocera iwipookua, paratype, Kauaʻi, KAA diss. #1104 (UHIM). Arrow indicates the absence of any process obscuring the ostium of this species. F. Eccoptocera kukona, paratype, Kauaʻi, KAA diss. #1098 (UHIM). Arrow indicates the slight thickening of the right side of the ostium, which is typically noticeable in slide-mounted specimens but is also present in E. foetorivorans (Butler)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14661953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14661953/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="43">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
) with papillae anales broad, subtriangular,apicallyacute,withshallow anteromedial excavation, flattened and evenly roughened on ventral surface; apophyses anteriores and posteriores approximately 0.5× length of S7; sterigma broad, semicircular; ostium elliptical; right side of lamella antevagenalis modified into a distinct, broad triangular process partially obscuring the ostium; ductus bursae short, relatively broad, with a short, membranous basal extension; colliculum present, well sclerotized, ring-like, incomplete; base of ductus bursae well-sclerotized, this sclerotization extending to ductus seminalis or just beyond, with a pair of parallel-side ridge-like processes on interior wall of the dorsal side; interior of corpus bursae with a pair of narrow, parallel, weakly sclerotized ridge-like processes extending from base of corpus bursae to approximately 0.25× length of corpus bursae on dorsal wall, terminating in a large, lightly sclerotized patch; corpus bursae with two well developed, opposed, thorn like signa, one situated in the middle of the sclerotized patch and the other situated opposite of it on the ventral wall; corpus bursae globose, inner surface evenly covered in minute spinules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BC5653CE733D979FF2EDB1FEF80FCE6" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="036036B7E733D979FF2EDB1FEF80FCE6" blockId="15.[144,561,145,1567]" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FF2EDB1FEE83FDDB" bold="true" box="[168,254,540,564]" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
The biology for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FE29DB1EEEB6FDBD" authorityName="Austin Daniel Rubinoff & nov" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kualii">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FE29DB1EEEB6FDBD" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Eccoptocera kualii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unknown, but we suspect it feeds as a leaf-tier on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FECDDB5AEC70FD9F" box="[331,525,601,625]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FECDDB5AEFA7FD9E" box="[331,474,601,625]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Metrosideros</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FF16DB7BEF04FD60" box="[144,377,631,655]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzygium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sandwicense">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FF16DB7BEF04FD60" box="[144,377,631,655]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Syzygium sandwicense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
like other species of Hawaiian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FE99DB95EFD8FD42" authorityName="Austin Daniel Rubinoff & nov" authorityYear="2024" box="[287,421,662,685]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FE99DB95EFD8FD42" box="[287,421,662,685]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Eccoptocera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Only ʻōhiʻa lehua (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FF5ADBB7EF88FD23" box="[220,501,692,716]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polymorpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FF5ADBB7EF88FD23" box="[220,501,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Metrosideros polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) was observed in the immediate vicinity of the collecting localities for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BC5653CE733D979FF2EDA0CEFABFC50" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="036036B7E733D979FF2EDA0CEFABFC50" blockId="15.[144,561,145,1567]" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FF2EDA0CEF47FCC8" bold="true" box="[168,314,783,807]" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FEC3DA13EC69FCC8" authorityName="Austin Daniel Rubinoff & nov" authorityYear="2024" box="[325,532,783,807]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kualii">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FEC3DA13EC69FCC8" box="[325,532,783,807]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Eccoptocera kualii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is exclusively found in Pahole Natural Area Reserve and the surrounding area of Mokulēʻia Forest Reserve in the northern Waiʻanae Mountains where it is known from 460–637 meters elevation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BC5653CE733D979FF2EDAC5ECDBFEB0" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="036036B7E733D979FF2EDAC5EF4FFB7B" blockId="15.[144,561,145,1567]" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FF2EDAC5EF5FFC31" bold="true" box="[168,290,966,990]" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
From Hawaiian “kualiʻi,” meaning a dwarfed plant or animal, referring to the size of this species, which is smaller than all other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FF28DD43EF52FBB8" authorityName="Austin Daniel Rubinoff & nov" authorityYear="2024" box="[174,303,1088,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FF28DD43EF52FBB8" box="[174,303,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Eccoptocera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
except the enigmatic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FD9DDD43EF53FB7B" authority="(Swezey) (Austin and Rubinoff 2023)" authorityName="Austin and Rubinoff" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Swezey" baseAuthorityYear="1946" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="osteomelesana">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FD9DDD43EC57FBB8" box="[539,554,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FF16DD5DEF4EFB99" box="[144,307,1118,1142]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">osteomelesana</emphasis>
|
||
(Swezey) (Austin and Rubinoff 2023)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="036036B7E733D979FF2EDD99ECDBFEB0" blockId="15.[144,561,145,1567]" lastBlockId="15.[592,1008,142,351]" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FF2EDD99EFE1FB5D" bold="true" box="[168,412,1178,1202]" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Conservation Status.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FE21DD98EEACFB3E" authorityName="Austin Daniel Rubinoff & nov" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kualii">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FE21DD98EEACFB3E" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Eccoptocera kualii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is likely endangered. Despite numerous island-wide surveys for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FF16DDF5EF61FAE2" authorityName="Austin Daniel Rubinoff & nov" authorityYear="2024" box="[144,284,1270,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FF16DDF5EF61FAE2" box="[144,284,1270,1293]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Eccoptocera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on Oʻahu,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FE22DDF5EEB6FAC3" authorityName="Austin Daniel Rubinoff & nov" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kualii">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FE22DDF5EEB6FAC3" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Eccoptocera kualii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from three localities in a small portion of the northern Waiʻanae Mountains separated by just
|
||
<quantity id="C4279B52E733D979FE37DC52EC73FA86" box="[433,526,1361,1385]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7702784" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" unit="mi" value="1.1">1.1 miles</quantity>
|
||
. Its hypothesized host plant (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FE25DC6CEF6BFA49" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polymorpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FE25DC6CEF6BFA49" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Metrosideros polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is still widespread and common in the Waiʻanae Mountains, so it is unclear if some other factor is limiting its range, our hypothesis of host plant is inaccurate, or if it is naturally restricted to such a small area. Rapid ʻŌhiʻa Death, a fungal disease caused by two species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FDD6D9CDECB2FF0A" box="[592,719,206,229]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Ceratocystidaceae" genus="Ceratocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Microascales" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FDD6D9CDECB2FF0A" box="[592,719,206,229]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Ceratocystis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is a burgeoning threat to all ʻōhiʻa forests in the Hawaiian Islands and poses a major risk to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FCABD808ED8DFECD" authorityName="Austin Daniel Rubinoff & nov" authorityYear="2024" box="[813,1008,266,290]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kualii">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FCABD808ED8DFECD" box="[813,1008,266,290]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Eccoptocera kualii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and most other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4DF4D34E733D979FCD3D829EDABFEAE" authorityName="Austin Daniel Rubinoff & nov" authorityYear="2024" box="[853,982,298,321]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eccoptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31ABEAA5E733D979FCD3D829EDABFEAE" box="[853,982,298,321]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Eccoptocera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C11BF855E733D979FDD6D844ECDFFEB0" box="[592,674,327,351]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="15" pageNumber="44">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |