264 lines
28 KiB
XML
264 lines
28 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="93545FF82F025A047DE3FBBA9778D79D">Synopsis of the Snakes of the Philippines A Synthesis of Data from Biodiversity Repositories, Field Studies, and the Literature</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="F9474D3006CE8BCE490EFAB91E6A1D36">Department of Biology and Sam Noble Museum, University of Oklahoma, 2401 Chautauqua Ave., Norman, OK 73072 - 7029, USA & Zoology Division, National Museum of the Philippines, Rizal Park, Burgos Ave., Ermita 1000, Manila, Philippines.</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FFDCFC5EFE5BFBB0" bold="true" box="[123,408,1010,1034]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Coelognathus philippinus</emphasis>
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(
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Rat Snake
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FF7CFB93FE56FBEE" box="[219,405,1087,1108]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Coluber erythrurus</emphasis>
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,
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, Griffin, 1909:597
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(
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).
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<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FF7CFBD3FE4EFB2E" box="[219,397,1151,1172]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Elaphe philippina</emphasis>
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Griffin, 1909:597
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; 1911:260 (
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).—
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(part: Balabac, Busuanga,
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[Iwahig, Taytay]).
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,
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, 385 (Busuanga, Culion,
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;
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,
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; 1999:278.
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98456FFE5FF7CFB56FD71FAAA" ID-CoL="WRWK" authority=", Helfenberger 2001: 52" authorityName=", Helfenberger" authorityPageNumber="52" authorityYear="2001" box="[219,690,1274,1296]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coelognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philippinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FF7CFB56FE10FAB5" box="[219,467,1274,1295]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Coelognathus philippinus</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8456FFE5FE78FB56FD71FAAA" author="HELFENBERGER, NOTKER" box="[479,690,1274,1296]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref65432" refString="HELFENBERGER, NOTKER. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships of Old World ratsnakes based on visceral organ topology, osteology, and allozyme variation. Russian Journal of Herpetology 8 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="2001">Helfenberger 2001:52</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.— Wallach, Williams, and Boundy, 2014:170.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30069C18456FFE5FFDCFA8FFD5DFAE1" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8456FFE5FFDCFA8FFD5DFAE1" blockId="35.[123,1174,1315,1693]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FFDCFA8FFDFAFA81" bold="true" box="[123,569,1315,1339]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">
|
||
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|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968456FFE5FF65FA8BFEEEFA80" baselines="1333" box="[194,301,1319,1338]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
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||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968456FFE5FE9FFA8BFEA0FA80" baselines="1333" box="[312,355,1319,1338]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="and" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">AND</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968456FFE5FED7FA8BFE66FA80" baselines="1333" box="[368,421,1319,1338]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="type" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
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||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968456FFE5FE15FA8BFDDFFA80" baselines="1333" box="[434,540,1319,1338]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="specimen" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">SPECIMEN</smallCapsWord>
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(
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968456FFE5FD82FA8BFDF3FA80" baselines="1333" box="[549,560,1319,1338]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="s" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">S</smallCapsWord>
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||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.—
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7230178456FFE5FDC6FA8FFD5DFAE1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905143435" collectionCode="CAS" country="Philippines" location="Iwahig" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" specimenCode="CAS 62143" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Palawan Id." typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<location id="8EC56C918456FFE5FDC6FA8FFD6DFA81" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B38B5C8456FFE5FFDCFC5EFE05F927:8EC56C918456FFE5FDC6FA8FFD6DFA81" box="[609,686,1315,1339]" country="Philippines" name="Iwahig" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" stateProvince="Palawan Id.">Iwahig</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88456FFE5FD19FA8FFC86FA81" box="[702,837,1315,1339]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Palawan Id.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7ADA8456FFE5FCF0FA8FFC10FA81" box="[855,979,1315,1339]" name="Philippines" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A184E88456FFE5FC45FA88FB92FA86" box="[994,1105,1316,1340]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBBC92318456FFE5FBC5FA8FFEE3FAE1" collectionCode="CAS" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" type="Museum">CAS 62143</specimenCode>
|
||
, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8456FFE5FE60FAEFFD59FAE1" author="LEVITON, ALAN" box="[455,666,1347,1371]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" pagination="99 - 128" refId="ref67799" refString="LEVITON, ALAN E. 1979 [1977]. Contributions to a review of Philippine snakes, XIII. The snakes of the genus Elaphe. Philippine Journal of Science 106 (3 - 4): 99 - 128, 5 figs." type="book chapter" year="1979">Leviton (1979:114)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30069C18456FFE5FFDCFAC8FDC3FA06" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8456FFE5FFDCFAC8FDC3FA06" blockId="35.[123,1174,1315,1693]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FFDCFAC8FDE3FAC1" bold="true" box="[123,544,1379,1404]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968456FFE5FFDCFAC8FF36FAC0" baselines="1398,1397" box="[123,245,1380,1404]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Philippine" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">PHILIPPINE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968456FFE5FEA1FACBFE5FFAC0" baselines="1397" box="[262,412,1383,1402]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="distribution" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
(
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968456FFE5FE12FACBFDD4FAC0" baselines="1397" box="[437,535,1383,1402]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="endemic" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">ENDEMIC</smallCapsWord>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132126CF8456FFE5FD9FFAC8FD63FAC6" box="[568,672,1380,1404]" captionStart="A B C D" captionStartId="120.[178,205,234,267]" captionText="A B C D MAPS 10A–D. Geographic range maps for Philippine records of (A) Coelognathus erythrurus erythrurus; (B) Coelognathus erythrurus manillensis; (C) Coelognathus erythrurus psephenourus; (D) Coelognathus philippinus." pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Map 10D</figureCitation>
|
||
[p. 121]).—
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88456FFE5FC89FACFFC4AFAC1" box="[814,905,1379,1403]" country="Philippines" name="Palawan" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Palawan</collectingRegion>
|
||
Archipelago (Balabac, Busuanga, Calamian Ids. [Calauit], Culion,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88456FFE5FD17FA28FCCCFA26" box="[688,783,1412,1436]" country="Philippines" name="Palawan" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Palawan</collectingRegion>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88456FFE5FC86FA28FC91FA26" box="[801,850,1412,1436]" country="Philippines" name="Sulu" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Sulu</collectingRegion>
|
||
Archipelago (Bongao, Sanga-Sanga, Sibutu,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF4A88456FFE5FEDAFA08FE36FA06" box="[381,501,1444,1468]" country="Philippines" name="Tawi-Tawi" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Tawi-Tawi</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30069C18456FFE5FFDCFA68FEECF987" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8456FFE5FFDCFA68FEECF987" blockId="35.[123,1174,1315,1693]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968456FFE5FFDCFA68FF25FA61" baselines="1494,1494" box="[123,230,1476,1500]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Remarks" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FFDCFA68FF25FA61" bold="true" box="[123,230,1476,1500]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">REMARKS</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.— For a long time, this species was considered a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98456FFE5FC33FA68FBEBFA66" box="[916,1064,1476,1500]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coelognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FC33FA68FBEBFA66" box="[916,1064,1476,1500]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Coelognathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(formerly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98456FFE5FF7CFA48FEE4FA46" box="[219,295,1508,1532]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Elaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FF7CFA48FEE4FA46" box="[219,295,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Elaphe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98456FFE5FE9FFA48FE6AFA46" authorityName=", Boettger" authorityYear="1895" box="[312,425,1508,1532]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythrurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FE9FFA48FE6AFA46" box="[312,425,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">erythrurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but more recently
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B47BB8456FFE5FDDDFA48FC95FA46" author="HELFENBERGER, NOTKER" box="[634,854,1508,1532]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref65432" refString="HELFENBERGER, NOTKER. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships of Old World ratsnakes based on visceral organ topology, osteology, and allozyme variation. Russian Journal of Herpetology 8 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="2001">Helfenberger (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
demonstrated its distinctness from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98456FFE5FEBFF9A9FE68F9A6" authorityName=", Boettger" authorityYear="1895" box="[280,427,1540,1564]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythrurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FEBFF9A9FE68F9A6" box="[280,427,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">C. erythrurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that justifies its recognition as a separate and only distantly related species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30069C18456FFE5FFDCF9E9FE05F927" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53A4A8456FFE5FFDCF9E9FE05F927" blockId="35.[123,1174,1315,1693]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FFDCF9E9FE10F9E7" bold="true" box="[123,467,1605,1629]" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968456FFE5FFDCF9E9FEDDF9E1" baselines="1623,1622" box="[123,286,1605,1629]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Conservation" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">CONSERVATION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D43AC968456FFE5FE8FF9E4FEB0F9E1" baselines="1622" box="[296,371,1608,1627]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="status" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">STATUS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
[IUCN]
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.— The conservation status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A41C98456FFE5FC81F9E9FBFFF9E7" authorityName=", Helfenberger" authorityYear="2001" box="[806,1084,1605,1629]" class="Repitilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coelognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="434" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philippinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FC81F9E9FBFFF9E7" box="[806,1084,1605,1629]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Coelognathus philippinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been assessed for the IUCN Red List [2016] ver. 3.1, but IUCN notes that it is listed in the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EE6588456FFE5FEA4F929FE7DF927" box="[259,446,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="434">Catalogue of Life</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |