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<document id="29E56FE733CC16C38F6FAE9AF1A18F2D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5487.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210771" ID-ZooBank="50AC1672-FC20-4502-8D8A-4BCAE95F719B" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1722789583779" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz &amp; Mathis, Wayne N." docDate="2024" docId="03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5487.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5487 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5487.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Scatophila iowana Wheeler" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="FFE8FFCF3A537B53FFD9FFE4576AFFFA" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Shore-Fly Genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae)" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1723232655805" updateUser="valdenar">
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<mods:title id="FA87092F638C6FA797E14D5A796B48C8">Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Shore-Fly Genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="39190DF9BC9775F29EBCD04F0282C5C6">Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="ABFC7BCB66E6007D7F523C035AAE3CE0">Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DCEBBB292F490985B73AB121D3673713">Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143 &amp; Department of Entomology, PO BOX 37012, MRC 169, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA mathisw @ si. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5012 - 1762 &amp; Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143</mods:affiliation>
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7.
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A717B71FF6CFE52556FFE2B" ID-CoL="6Y88N" authority="Wheeler" authorityName="Wheeler" box="[181,517,438,465]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iowana">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A717B71FF6CFE5256FFFE2B" bold="true" box="[181,405,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Scatophila iowana</emphasis>
Wheeler
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<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FF4EFE3F579EFE0F" box="[151,244,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 4547" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,947,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-67@30.[151,1435,947,1732]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 4547. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 45. S. adamsi Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 4647. Wing, dorsal view. 46. S. iowana Wheeler. 47. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210803/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figs. 46</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FF26FE3E561BFE0F" box="[255,369,474,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 5660" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 5660. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 5657. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 5860. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">5657, 59</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FEA4FE3F56AEFE0F" box="[381,452,475,501]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 6163" captionStart-1="FIGURE 64" captionStartId-0="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionStartId-1="36.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,982,1716]" captionTargetId-0="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetId-1="figure-68@36.[151,1435,982,1716]" captionTargetPageId-0="36" captionTargetPageId-1="36" captionText-0="FIGURES 6163. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 64. Distribution map of Scatophila iowana Wheeler in Nearctic Region" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210815" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13210815/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">6164</figureCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A717B71FF4EFDFB557BFDCD" author="Wheeler, M. R." box="[151,529,543,567]" page="86" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" year="1961">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A717B71FF4EFDFB557BFDCD" ID-CoL="6Y88N" authority="Wheeler 1961: 86" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityPageNumber="86" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,529,543,567]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iowana">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A717B71FF4EFDFB563FFDCD" box="[151,341,543,567]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Scatophila iowana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A717B71FE85FDFB557BFDCD" author="Wheeler, M. R." box="[348,529,543,567]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="86 - 91" refId="ref70949" refString="Wheeler, M. R. (1961) New species of Southwestern Acalyptrate Diptera. Southwestern Naturalist, 6 (2), 86 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3669590" type="journal article" year="1961">Wheeler 1961: 86</bibRefCitation>
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.—
<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A717B71FDF6FDFB559BFDCD" author="Deonier, D. L." box="[559,753,543,567]" page="109" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" year="1964">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A717B71FDF6FDFB559BFDCD" author="Deonier, D. L." box="[559,753,543,567]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="103 - 126" refId="ref69700" refString="Deonier, D. L. (1964) Keys to the shore flies of Iowa (Diptera, Ephydridae). Iowa State Journal of Science, 39 (2), 103 - 126." type="journal article" year="1964">Deonier 1964: 109</bibRefCitation>
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[key;
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A717B71FCEAFDC45401FDCD" box="[819,875,544,567]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Iowa</collectingRegion>
]; 1965: 498 [natural history]; 1974: 1722 [description of immature stages, natural history].—
<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A717B71FD8EFDDA546BFDAC" author="Wirth, W. W." box="[599,769,574,598]" page="758" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A717B71FD8EFDDA546BFDAC" author="Wirth, W. W." box="[599,769,574,598]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="734 - 759" refId="ref70987" refString="Wirth, W. W. (1965) Ephydridae. In: Stone, A., Sabrosky, C. W., Wirth, W. W., Foote, R. W. &amp; Coulson, J. R. (Eds.), A Catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico. Handbook 276. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., pp. 734 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1965">Wirth 1965: 758</bibRefCitation>
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[
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A717B71FCD6FDDA5402FDAC" box="[783,872,574,598]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nearctic" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nearctic</taxonomicName>
catalog].—
<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A717B71FC38FDDA5390FDAC" author="Wirth, W. W. &amp; Mathis, W. N." box="[993,1274,574,598]" page="37" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A717B71FC38FDDA5390FDAC" author="Wirth, W. W. &amp; Mathis, W. N." box="[993,1274,574,598]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="21 - 45" refId="ref71128" refString="Wirth, W. W. &amp; Mathis, W. N. (1979) A review of the Ephydridae (Diptera) living in thermal springs. In: Deonier, D. L. (Ed.), First symposium on the systematics and ecology of Ephydridae (Diptera). North American Benthological Society, Oxford, Ohio, pp. 21 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1979">Wirth and Mathis 1979: 37</bibRefCitation>
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[discussion].—
<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A717B71FF1EFDB856D8FD8F" author="Zatwarnicki, T." box="[199,434,604,629]" page="293" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A717B71FF1EFDB856D8FD8F" author="Zatwarnicki, T." box="[199,434,604,629]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="277 - 298" refId="ref71260" refString="Zatwarnicki, T. (1987) New synonyms and records of Palearctic Scatophila (Diptera, Ephydridae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 57 (2), 277 - 298." type="journal article" year="1987">Zatwarnicki 1987: 293</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[checklist].—
<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A717B71FD98FDB854C6FD8E" author="Zatwarnicki, T. &amp; Mathis, W. N." box="[577,940,604,629]" page="362" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A717B71FD98FDB854C6FD8E" author="Zatwarnicki, T. &amp; Mathis, W. N." box="[577,940,604,629]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="351 - 370" refId="ref71480" refString="Zatwarnicki, T. &amp; Mathis, W. N. (1994) Phylogeny and classification of the genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 29 (4), 351 - 370. [1993] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 21686351.1993.12277698" type="journal article" year="1994">Zatwarnicki and Mathis 1994: 362</bibRefCitation>
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[phylogeny,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A717B71FBECFDB953D7FD8E" ID-CoL="4V44C" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[1077,1213,605,628]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mesogramma">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A717B71FBECFDB953D7FD8E" box="[1077,1213,605,628]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">mesogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group].—
<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A717B71FAFFFDB8568AFD69" author="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T." page="283" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A717B71FAFFFDB8568AFD69" author="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T." pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 423" refId="ref70301" refString="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T. (1995) A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). International Memoirs on Entomology, 4, i - vi + 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1995">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 283284</bibRefCitation>
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[world catalog].
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C362652A3A717B71FF4EFD25556FF811" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="diagnosis">
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Diagnosis.—This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Body mostly brown with some gray coloration; small to moderately small shore flies, body length
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.
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A717B71FF1EFCED566EFCD9" box="[199,260,777,803]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FECEFCED56CEFCDE" box="[279,420,777,804]" captionStart="FIGURES 5660" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 5660. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 5657. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 5860. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figs. 5657</figureCitation>
): Mesofrons and fronto-orbits brown; parafrons brownish black to charcoal black. Face of
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A717B71FF60FCCA57A4FCB2" box="[185,206,814,840]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male"></specimenCount>
normally projected, transversely arched, somewhat vertical in lateral view, without medial area shallowly depressed, face brown. Gena moderately short, slightly more than half height of basal flagellomere; gena-to-eye ratio 0.160.19.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A717B71FF1EFC7D5545FB55" blockId="34.[151,1437,705,2028]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A717B71FF1EFC7D5672FC49" box="[199,280,921,947]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FEF2FC7D56E7FC49" box="[299,397,921,947]" captionStart="FIGURES 4547" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,947,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-67@30.[151,1435,947,1732]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 4547. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 45. S. adamsi Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 4647. Wing, dorsal view. 46. S. iowana Wheeler. 47. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210803/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figs. 46</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FE45FC7D56D6FC4E" box="[412,444,921,948]" captionStart="FIGURES 5660" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 5660. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 5657. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 5860. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">59</figureCitation>
): Mesonotum (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FDB5FC7D55ABFC4E" box="[620,705,921,948]" captionStart="FIGURES 5660" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 5660. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 5657. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 5860. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
) mostly dark brown with some grayish stripes; scutum mostly brown with pattern of small, linear gray areas anterolaterad of acrostichal and to a lesser degrees dorsocentral tracks; postpronotum grayish; medial scutal area brown; scutellar disc brown, sometimes partially subshiny; presutural dorsocentral setae lacking; pleural areas mostly brown, katepisternum grayish. Wing (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FBA2FBE153A5FBE5" box="[1147,1231,1029,1055]" captionStart="FIGURES 4547" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,947,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-67@30.[151,1435,947,1732]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 4547. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 45. S. adamsi Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 4647. Wing, dorsal view. 46. S. iowana Wheeler. 47. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210803/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
) moderately dark colored, spots barely evident; cell r
<subScript id="17FC34E43A717B71FDF8FBD85543FBB0" attach="left" box="[545,553,1084,1098]" fontSize="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">1</subScript>
lacking spots, or with a single, weak, basal white area, or wings very pale, not appearing spotted; costal vein ratio 0.270.30; M
<subScript id="17FC34E43A717B71FD64FB8455AFFB94" attach="left" box="[701,709,1120,1134]" fontSize="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">1</subScript>
vein ratio 0.470.51. Knob of halter yellow. Legs generally dark colored; femora and tibiae with some gray microtomentum; tarsi, black; male midfemur lacking row of spine-like setulae along posteroventral margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A717B71FF1EFB5D53CBF8CD" blockId="34.[151,1437,705,2028]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A717B71FF1EFB5D565BFB29" box="[199,305,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FE98FB5D56A6FB29" box="[321,460,1209,1235]" captionStart="FIGURES 6163" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 6163. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figs. 6163</figureCitation>
): Tergites extensively black with some grayish areas laterally toward posterior margin; tergite 5 of male mostly brownish black to black. Male terminalia (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FC5BFB395367FB0D" box="[898,1037,1245,1271]" captionStart="FIGURES 6163" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 6163. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figs. 6163</figureCitation>
): Epandrium in posterior view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FAB6FB3957DEFAE1" captionStart="FIGURES 6163" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 6163. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
) oval, except for emarginate ventral margin, dorsal margin broadly arched, lateral margins very shallowly curved, making width at midheight only slightly wider than predorsal height, width of ventral margin only slightly greater than height of cercal cavity; epandrial setae sparse, these about equal in length, sparser laterally, lacking along ventral margin except for tiny setulae; height of cercal opening about 1/3 epandrial height; cerci in posterior view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FF46FA755798FA51" box="[159,242,1425,1451]" captionStart="FIGURES 6163" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 6163. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
) semihemispherical; aedeagus in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FCDAFA75543FFA51" box="[771,853,1425,1451]" captionStart="FIGURES 6163" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 6163. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
) generally irregularly rectangular, with constriction at midlength, basal and distal margins shallowly curved to nearly straight, distal portion tapered posterodistally to elongate pointed process, with apex very thinly developed in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FBCBFA3D530FFA09" box="[1042,1125,1497,1523]" captionStart="FIGURES 6163" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 6163. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
) basal 2/3 as wide as long, slightly tapered to apex, apical 1/3 parallel sided, squarish, apical margin shallowly rounded; ventral aedeagal process shallowly C-shaped; phallapodeme in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FC96F9C554C9F9C1" box="[847,931,1569,1595]" captionStart="FIGURES 6163" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 6163. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
) as a T-shape, with crossbar about equal to length of phallapodeme extended beyond crossbar, medial portion bifurcate, each portion lobe-like with apical portion deeply and narrowly emarginate, narrowly V-shaped, in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FC32F98D5351F979" box="[1003,1083,1641,1667]" captionStart="FIGURES 6163" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 6163. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
) shallowly L-shaped, extension toward base of aedeagus twice width of extension toward postgonite and neohypandrium, latter extension narrowly rod-like, parallel-sided; postgonite in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FD0CF955544DF931" box="[725,807,1713,1739]" captionStart="FIGURES 6163" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 6163. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
) generally L-shaped, dorsal portion rectangular with an extended, narrow process at posterodorsal corner, ventral portion tapered to narrowly rounded point, in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FF46F91D5799F8E9" box="[159,243,1785,1811]" captionStart="FIGURES 6163" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 6163. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
) irregularly and shallowly C-shaped, apical portion considerably wider than narrow, parallel-sided basal portion; neohypandrium in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A717B71FD84F8F955C4F8CD" box="[605,686,1821,1847]" captionStart="FIGURES 6163" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 6163. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
) band-like, parallel-sided strongly recurved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A717B71FF1EF8A6525FF859" blockId="34.[151,1437,705,2028]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
Type Material.—
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A717B71FE50F8A55258F859" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="D. L. Deonier" county="Boone Co." latitude="42.083332" location="The" longLatPrecision="114" longitude="-93.93" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Iowa" typeStatus="holotype">
<location id="8EA7607A3A717B71FE50F8A556DFF8A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A717B71FE50F8A556DFF8A1" box="[393,437,1857,1883]" county="Boone Co." latitude="42.083332" longLatPrecision="114" longitude="-93.93" name="The" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" stateProvince="Iowa">The</location>
<typeStatus id="54C388033A717B71FE67F8A5554AF8A1" box="[446,544,1857,1883]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A717B71FD53F8A554AFF8A1" authority="Wheeler" authorityName="Wheeler" box="[650,965,1857,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iowana">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A717B71FD53F8A55436F8A1" box="[650,860,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Scatophila iowana</emphasis>
Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
is labeled “3 mis. W Boone,
<collectingCounty id="62A64E2D3A717B71FAC2F8A652F2F8A1" box="[1307,1432,1857,1884]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Boone Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A717B71FF4EF88157B5F885" box="[151,223,1893,1919]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">IOWA</collectingRegion>
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A717B71FF3EF8815627F87A" box="[231,333,1893,1920]" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="5.0" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" precision="92" value="42.083332">42°5.0'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A717B71FE83F88156BBF87A" box="[346,465,1893,1920]" degrees="93" direction="west" minutes="55.8" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" precision="92" value="-93.93">93°55.8'W</geoCoordinate>
), VII-401960[,]
<collectorName id="268D53773A717B71FD56F8825447F885" box="[655,813,1893,1920]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">D. L. Deonier</collectorName>
/at seep/
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A717B71FC53F88153CBF885" authority="Whlr." authorityName="Whlr." box="[906,1185,1893,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iowana">Scatophila iowana Whlr.</taxonomicName>
/
<typeStatus id="54C388033A717B71FB71F8815256F885" box="[1192,1340,1893,1919]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
[pink].” The
<typeStatus id="54C388033A717B71FF13F86D5646F859" box="[202,300,1929,1955]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is glued to a narrow paper triangle, is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A717B71FB04F86D5258F859" box="[1245,1330,1929,1955]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A717B71FF1EF849556FF811" blockId="34.[151,1437,705,2028]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
Other Specimens Examined.—
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A717B71FDF4F84957B8F816" collectingDate="1950-03-22" country="Mexico" latitude="32.365" location="Rosarito" longLatPrecision="121" longitude="-117.04667" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baja California">
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A717B71FDF4F84955F4F83D" box="[557,670,1965,1991]" name="Mexico" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A717B71FD77F84A54CBF832" box="[686,929,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A717B71FD77F84A54F7F832" box="[686,925,1966,1992]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">BAJA CALIFORNIA</collectingRegion>
.
</emphasis>
<location id="8EA7607A3A717B71FC75F8495361F83D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A717B71FC75F8495361F83D" box="[940,1035,1965,1991]" country="Mexico" latitude="32.365" longLatPrecision="121" longitude="-117.04667" name="Rosarito" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" stateProvince="Baja California">Rosarito</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A717B71FBC6F84953FEF83D" box="[1055,1172,1965,1991]" degrees="32" direction="north" minutes="21.9" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" precision="92" value="32.365">32°21.9'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A717B71FB7CF8495243F832" box="[1189,1321,1965,1992]" degrees="117" direction="west" minutes="02.8" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" precision="92" value="-117.04667">117°02.8'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFC610613A717B71FA9FF84957B8F816" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1950-03-22">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A717B71FA9FF84957B8F816" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1950-03-22">22 Mar 1950</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A717B71FF04F8355568F811" box="[221,514,2001,2027]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Mexico" location="Lindsley" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="G">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A717B71FF04F835579EF811" box="[221,244,2001,2027]" country="Mexico" name="G" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">G</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="8EA7607A3A717B71FF26F835560BF811" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A717B71FF26F835560BF811" box="[255,353,2001,2027]" country="Mexico" name="Lindsley" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" stateProvince="G">Lindsley</location>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A717B71FEAAF83556FDF811" box="[371,407,2001,2027]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
;
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0766293A707B70FF4EFA1856D6F9A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" startId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" targetPageId="35" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A707B70FF4EFA1856D6F9A6" blockId="35.[151,1437,1532,1628]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A707B70FF4EFA18563AF9EE" bold="true" box="[151,336,1532,1556]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">FIGURES 5660</emphasis>
. Head and thorax of
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A707B70FDE9FA1855CEF9EE" box="[560,676,1532,1556]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A707B70FDE9FA1855CAF9EE" box="[560,672,1532,1556]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scatophila</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
5657. Head of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A707B70FC8CFA195375F9EE" authority="Wheeler." authorityName="Wheeler." box="[853,1055,1532,1556]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iowana">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A707B70FC8CFA1954D6F9EE" box="[853,956,1533,1556]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. iowana</emphasis>
Wheeler.
</taxonomicName>
56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 58
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A707B70FF34F9C45790F9C2" bold="true" box="[237,250,1568,1592]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36"></emphasis>
60. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58.
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A707B70FDA7F9C554B1F9C2" authority="Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler." authorityName="Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler." box="[638,987,1568,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hesperia">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A707B70FDA7F9C55585F9C2" box="[638,751,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. hesperia</emphasis>
Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler.
</taxonomicName>
59.
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A707B70FBDEF9C553A4F9C2" authority="Wheeler." authorityName="Wheeler." box="[1031,1230,1568,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iowana">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A707B70FBDEF9C55306F9C2" box="[1031,1132,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. iowana</emphasis>
Wheeler.
</taxonomicName>
60.
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A707B70FB23F9C5578FF9A6" authority="(Loew)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mesogramma">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A707B70FB23F9C552F6F9C2" box="[1274,1436,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. mesogramma</emphasis>
(Loew)
</taxonomicName>
. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C362652A3A707B77FF1EF94B54DFF88E" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
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.
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.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A707B70FDC3F94A55F7F932" box="[538,669,1710,1736]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bristol Bay</collectingMunicipality>
:
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<location id="8EA7607A3A707B70FD73F94A546BF932" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A707B70FD73F94A546BF932" box="[682,769,1710,1736]" country="United States of America" latitude="58.738335" longLatPrecision="104" longitude="-157.065" municipality="Bristol Bay" name="Naknek" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="Alaska">Naknek</location>
(
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,
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; ocean beach),
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<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A707B70FB10F94B523DF933" box="[1225,1367,1711,1737]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2007-06-10">10 Jun 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A707B70FABAF94B5793F8EB" collectingDate="2011-07-21" collectionCode="UAF" collectorName="Juneau &amp; Riverside Rotary Park" country="United States of America" latitude="58.38" location="Mendenhall Valley" longLatPrecision="104" longitude="-134.58667" municipality="Sikes" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="D">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FABAF94B5210F933" box="[1379,1402,1711,1737]" country="United States of America" name="D" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">D</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FA5FF94B52F2F933" box="[1414,1432,1711,1737]" country="United States of America" name="S" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A707B70FF4EF93757BEF917" box="[151,212,1747,1773]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Sikes</collectingMunicipality>
(
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,
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A707B70FEC2F937562AF917" box="[283,320,1747,1773]" count="4" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A707B70FE89F93756E7F917" box="[336,397,1747,1773]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">UAF</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A707B70FE7BF9375696F916" box="[418,508,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<collectorName id="268D53773A707B70FE7BF937569CF916" box="[418,502,1747,1772]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Juneau</collectorName>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="268D53773A707B70FDDEF9375532F917" box="[519,600,1747,1773]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Juneau</collectorName>
,
<location id="8EA7607A3A707B70FDBCF9365454F916" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A707B70FDBCF9365454F916" box="[613,830,1746,1772]" country="United States of America" latitude="58.38" longLatPrecision="104" longitude="-134.58667" municipality="Sikes" name="Mendenhall Valley" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="D">Mendenhall Valley</location>
,
<collectorName id="268D53773A707B70FC92F9365320F916" box="[843,1098,1746,1773]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Riverside Rotary Park</collectorName>
(
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,
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),
<date id="FFC610613A707B70FA59F9375793F8EB" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2011-07-21">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A707B70FA59F9375793F8EB" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2011-07-21">21 Jul 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
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. and
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A707B70FE8EF9135612F8CF" collectingDate="2002-08-02" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Kenai Peninsula" country="United States of America" latitude="60.033333" location="Deep Creek" longLatPrecision="1034" longitude="-151.7" municipality="Mathis" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="W">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FE8EF9135619F8EB" box="[343,371,1783,1809]" country="United States of America" name="W" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">W</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FEA7F91356FFF8EB" box="[382,405,1783,1809]" country="United States of America" name="N" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">N</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A707B70FE78F9135685F8EB" box="[417,495,1783,1809]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Mathis</collectingMunicipality>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A707B70FDDBF9135549F8EB" box="[514,547,1783,1809]" count="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A707B70FDEBF91355E2F8EB" box="[562,648,1783,1809]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A707B70FD42F9135434F8EA" box="[667,862,1782,1808]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<collectorName id="268D53773A707B70FD42F9135432F8EA" box="[667,856,1782,1808]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Kenai Peninsula</collectorName>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8EA7607A3A707B70FCBFF9135486F8EA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A707B70FCBFF9135486F8EA" box="[870,1004,1782,1809]" country="United States of America" latitude="60.033333" longLatPrecision="1034" longitude="-151.7" municipality="Mathis" name="Deep Creek" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="W">Deep Creek</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A707B70FC25F9125336F8EA" box="[1020,1116,1782,1808]" degrees="60" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" precision="925" value="60.033333">60°02'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A707B70FBB1F91253BDF8EB" box="[1128,1239,1782,1809]" degrees="151" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" precision="925" value="-151.7">151°42'W</geoCoordinate>
; gravel to cobble beach),
<date id="FFC610613A707B70FF28F8FF5612F8CF" box="[241,376,1819,1845]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2002-08-02">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A707B70FF28F8FF5612F8CF" box="[241,376,1819,1845]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2002-08-02">2 Aug 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FE5DF8FF56F1F8CF" box="[388,411,1819,1845]" country="United States of America" name="D" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">D</collectingRegion>
. and
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A707B70FE0FF8FF5275F8CF" box="[470,1311,1818,1845]" collectingDate="2002-08-02" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Homer" country="United States of America" latitude="59.646667" location="Mathis" longLatPrecision="103" longitude="-151.525" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="W">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FE0FF8FF5698F8CF" box="[470,498,1819,1845]" country="United States of America" name="W" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">W</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FE24F8FF557EF8CF" box="[509,532,1819,1845]" country="United States of America" name="N" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">N</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="8EA7607A3A707B70FDF9F8FF5504F8CF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A707B70FDF9F8FF5504F8CF" box="[544,622,1819,1845]" country="United States of America" latitude="59.646667" longLatPrecision="103" longitude="-151.525" name="Mathis" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="W">Mathis</location>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A707B70FD59F8FF55CEF8CF" box="[640,676,1819,1845]" count="2" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A707B70FD68F8FF546DF8CF" box="[689,775,1819,1845]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<collectorName id="268D53773A707B70FCC2F8FF5403F8CF" box="[795,873,1819,1845]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Homer</collectorName>
(
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,
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),
<date id="FFC610613A707B70FB41F8FF5275F8CF" box="[1176,1311,1819,1845]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2002-08-02">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A707B70FB41F8FF5275F8CF" box="[1176,1311,1819,1845]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2002-08-02">2 Aug 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FAF2F8FF5228F8CF" box="[1323,1346,1819,1845]" country="United States of America" name="D" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">D</collectingRegion>
. and
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A707B70FAA4F8FF5318F8A2" collectingDate="2006-07-06" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Kenai &amp; Russian Rivers" country="United States of America" latitude="60.485" location="Mathis" longLatPrecision="102" longitude="-150.00667" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="W">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FAA4F8FF52F3F8CF" box="[1405,1433,1819,1845]" country="United States of America" name="W" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">W</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FF4EF8DB57C4F8A3" box="[151,174,1855,1881]" country="United States of America" name="N" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">N</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="8EA7607A3A707B70FF60F8DB566DF8A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A707B70FF60F8DB566DF8A3" box="[185,263,1855,1881]" country="United States of America" latitude="60.485" longLatPrecision="102" longitude="-150.00667" name="Mathis" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="W">Mathis</location>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A707B70FECEF8DB5656F8A3" box="[279,316,1855,1881]" count="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A707B70FE91F8DB56F4F8A3" box="[328,414,1855,1881]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<collectorName id="268D53773A707B70FE69F8DB5699F8A3" box="[432,499,1855,1881]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Kenai</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="268D53773A707B70FDF1F8DB55BAF8A3" box="[552,720,1855,1881]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Russian Rivers</collectorName>
(
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A707B70FC86F8DA5483F8A3" box="[863,1001,1854,1881]" degrees="150" direction="west" minutes="00.4" orientation="longitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" precision="92" value="-150.00667">150°00.4'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFC610613A707B70FC25F8DA5318F8A2" box="[1020,1138,1854,1881]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2006-07-06">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A707B70FC25F8DA5318F8A2" box="[1020,1138,1854,1881]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2006-07-06">6 Jul 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FBA4F8DB53FEF8A3" box="[1149,1172,1855,1881]" country="United States of America" name="D" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">D</collectingRegion>
. and
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A707B70FB14F8DB54E8F887" collectingDate="2002-08-01" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Soldotna" country="United States of America" latitude="60.508335" location="Mathis" longLatPrecision="102" longitude="-150.92667" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="W">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FB14F8DB5383F8A3" box="[1229,1257,1855,1881]" country="United States of America" name="W" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">W</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FB2BF8DB5263F8A3" box="[1266,1289,1855,1881]" country="United States of America" name="N" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">N</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="8EA7607A3A707B70FACDF8DB5208F8A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A707B70FACDF8DB5208F8A3" box="[1300,1378,1855,1881]" country="United States of America" latitude="60.508335" longLatPrecision="102" longitude="-150.92667" name="Mathis" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="W">Mathis</location>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A707B70FAADF8DB52FCF8A3" box="[1396,1430,1855,1881]" count="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A707B70FF4EF8875787F887" box="[151,237,1891,1917]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<collectorName id="268D53773A707B70FF26F8875609F887" box="[255,355,1891,1917]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Soldotna</collectorName>
(
<quantity id="4C809B443A707B70FEA8F88656D5F887" box="[369,447,1890,1917]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="km" value="6.5">6.5 km</quantity>
E;
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A707B70FE3DF8865532F887" box="[484,600,1890,1917]" degrees="60" direction="north" minutes="30.5" orientation="latitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" precision="92" value="60.508335">60°30.5'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A707B70FDBBF8865586F887" box="[610,748,1890,1917]" degrees="150" direction="west" minutes="55.6" orientation="longitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" precision="92" value="-150.92667">150°55.6'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFC610613A707B70FD27F88754E8F887" box="[766,898,1891,1917]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2002-08-01">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A707B70FD27F88754E8F887" box="[766,898,1891,1917]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2002-08-01">1 Aug 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FC55F88754C9F887" box="[908,931,1891,1917]" country="United States of America" name="D" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">D</collectingRegion>
. and
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A707B70FC02F887542AF85B" collectingDate="2002-08-06" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Matanuska-Susitna &amp; Hatcher Pass" country="United States of America" latitude="61.75" location="Mathis" longLatPrecision="926" longitude="-149.23167" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="W">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FC02F887549DF887" box="[987,1015,1891,1917]" country="United States of America" name="W" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">W</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A707B70FBD9F887537DF887" box="[1024,1047,1891,1917]" country="United States of America" name="N" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">N</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="8EA7607A3A707B70FBF8F8875305F887" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A707B70FBF8F8875305F887" box="[1057,1135,1891,1917]" country="United States of America" latitude="61.75" longLatPrecision="926" longitude="-149.23167" name="Mathis" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="W">Mathis</location>
(
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;
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).
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A707B70FACFF8865799F85B" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<collectorName id="268D53773A707B70FACFF8865786F85B" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Matanuska-Susitna</collectorName>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="268D53773A707B70FF24F86256F8F85B" box="[253,402,1926,1953]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Hatcher Pass</collectorName>
(
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,
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),
<date id="FFC610613A707B70FD6DF862542AF85B" box="[692,832,1926,1953]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2002-08-06">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A707B70FD6DF862542AF85B" box="[692,832,1926,1953]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2002-08-06">6 Aug 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
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,
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):
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(
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<location id="8EA7607A3A707B70FB70F84E539DF83E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A707B70FB70F84E539DF83E" box="[1193,1271,1962,1988]" country="United States of America" latitude="65.25667" longLatPrecision="100" longitude="-166.35167" name="Mathis" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="W">Mathis</location>
(
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),
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<caption id="DF0766293A777B77FF4EFC66523EFC47" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" startId="36.[151,264,898,922]" targetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" targetPageId="36" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A777B77FF4EFC66523EFC47" blockId="36.[151,1436,898,958]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A777B77FF4EFC665624FC60" bold="true" box="[151,334,898,922]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FIGURES 6163</emphasis>
. Male terminalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A777B77FDF8FC66542BFC60" authority="Wheeler." authorityName="Wheeler." box="[545,833,898,922]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iowana">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A777B77FDF8FC6655B5FC60" box="[545,735,898,922]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Scatophila iowana</emphasis>
Wheeler.
</taxonomicName>
61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0766293A777B77FF4EF92F54B9F91E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210815" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210815" box="[151,979,1739,1764]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210815/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" startId="36.[151,250,1739,1763]" targetBox="[151,1435,982,1716]" targetPageId="36" targetType="figure">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A777B77FF4EF92F5673F919" bold="true" box="[151,281,1739,1763]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FIGURE 64</emphasis>
. Distribution map of
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A777B77FE2DF92855D8F919" box="[500,690,1740,1764]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Scatophila iowana</emphasis>
Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A777B77FCF7F92854EEF91E" box="[814,900,1740,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nearctic" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nearctic</taxonomicName>
Region
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A777B77FF1EF8D254DFF88E" blockId="36.[151,1436,1846,2017]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A777B77FF1EF8D254DBF88E" collectingDate="1951-03-20" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. H. Sturtevant" county="Las Angeles" latitude="33.256668" location="San Diego" longLatPrecision="120" longitude="-116.145" municipality="Pasadena" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="California">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A777B77FF1EF8D2557EF8AA" box="[199,532,1846,1872]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A777B77FF1EF8D25601F8AA" box="[199,363,1846,1872]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">CALIFORNIA</collectingRegion>
.
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:
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A777B77FDFAF8D255E1F8AA" box="[547,651,1846,1872]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Pasadena</collectingMunicipality>
(
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,
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), (
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,
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).
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<location id="8EA7607A3A777B77FB6FF8D2525FF8AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A777B77FB6FF8D2525FF8AA" box="[1206,1333,1846,1872]" county="Las Angeles" latitude="33.256668" longLatPrecision="120" longitude="-116.145" municipality="Pasadena" name="San Diego" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="California">San Diego</location>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8EA7607A3A777B77FA93F8D252F6F8AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A777B77FA93F8D252F6F8AA" box="[1354,1436,1846,1872]" county="Las Angeles" latitude="33.256668" longLatPrecision="120" longitude="-116.145" municipality="Pasadena" name="Borego" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="California">Borego</location>
(
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,
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),
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<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A777B77FE65F8BE5525F88F" box="[444,591,1882,1909]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1951-03-20">20 Mar 1951</collectingDate>
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,
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(
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)
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A777B77FF1EF89A5427F846" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="D. L. Deonier" county="Boone" latitude="41.44" location="Banner Mine area" longLatPrecision="115" longitude="-93.56333" municipality="Boone" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="18" specimenCount-female="10" specimenCount-male="8" stateProvince="Iowa">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A777B77FF1EF89A5600F862" box="[199,362,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A777B77FF1EF89A5665F862" box="[199,271,1918,1944]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">IOWA</collectingRegion>
.
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:
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A777B77FEABF89A56D1F862" box="[370,443,1918,1944]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Boone</collectingMunicipality>
(
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W;
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,
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),
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(
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).
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A777B77FB7EF89B5268F862" box="[1191,1282,1919,1944]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Warren:</emphasis>
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(
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,
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),
<collectorName id="268D53773A777B77FE3CF84655EAF846" box="[485,640,1954,1980]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">D. L. Deonier</collectorName>
(
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<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A777B77FF1EF82352F6F81A" box="[199,1436,1990,2017]" collectingDate="1969-05-25" collectingDateMax="2007-08-07" collectingDateMin="1969-05-25" collectorName="D. And" elevation="2510" latitude="35.908333" location="Sulphur Springs" longLatPrecision="755" longitude="-106.61667" municipality="Sandoval" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New Mexico">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A777B77FF1EF823569AF81A" box="[199,496,1990,2016]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A777B77FF1EF823561FF81A" box="[199,373,1990,2016]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">NEW MEXICO</collectingRegion>
.
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:
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(
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,
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;
<quantity id="4C809B443A777B77FC6CF8225366F81A" box="[949,1036,1990,2017]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.51" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="2510.0">
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),
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<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A777B77FBC7F82253DBF81A" box="[1054,1201,1990,2017]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1969-05-25">25 May 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
<date id="FFC610613A777B77FB19F8225229F81A" box="[1216,1347,1990,2016]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2007-08-07">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A777B77FB19F8225229F81A" box="[1216,1347,1990,2016]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2007-08-07">7 Aug 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="268D53773A777B77FA94F82252F6F81A" box="[1357,1436,1990,2016]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">D. And</collectorName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A767B76FF4EFF735336FF2F" blockId="37.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A767B76FF4EFF735332FF2F" collectingDate="2008-08-04" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="W. N. Mathis &amp; W. W. Wirth &amp; Valles Caldera National Preserve &amp; Alamo Canyon &amp; D. and W. N. Mathis" elevation="2645" latitude="35.915" longLatPrecision="755" longitude="-106.583336" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="155" specimenCount-female="60" specimenCount-male="95">
<collectorName id="268D53773A767B76FF4EFF735659FF4B" box="[151,307,151,177]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">W. N. Mathis</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="268D53773A767B76FEE7FF7356A1FF4B" box="[318,459,151,177]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">W. W. Wirth</collectorName>
(
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,
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;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A767B76FD87FF7355DEFF4B" box="[606,692,151,177]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<collectorName id="268D53773A767B76FD1EFF735355FF4B" box="[711,1087,151,177]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Valles Caldera National Preserve</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="268D53773A767B76FB93FF73539FFF4B" box="[1098,1269,151,177]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Alamo Canyon</collectorName>
(middle pond;
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,
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;
<quantity id="4C809B443A767B76FE4CFF5E5687FF2F" box="[405,493,186,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.645" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="2645.0">
<elevation id="0055D1923A767B76FE4CFF5E5687FF2F" box="[405,493,186,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.645" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="2645.0">2645 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="FFC610613A767B76FDD8FF5F55EDFF2F" box="[513,647,187,213]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2008-08-04">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A767B76FDD8FF5F55EDFF2F" box="[513,647,187,213]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2008-08-04">4 Aug 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="268D53773A767B76FD4BFF5F5413FF2F" box="[658,889,187,213]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">D. and W. N. Mathis</collectorName>
(
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,
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A767B76FC11FF5F5487FF2F" box="[968,1005,187,213]" count="6" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A767B76FC23FF5F533AFF2F" box="[1018,1104,187,213]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A767B76FF1EFF3B5793FE73" blockId="37.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A767B76FF1EFF3B579FFEE7" collectingDate="1969-06-12" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="W. W. Wirth" latitude="44.43" location="Yellowstone National Park" longLatPrecision="113" longitude="-110.585" municipality="Park" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Wyoming">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A767B76FF1EFF3B56F3FF03" box="[199,409,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A767B76FF1EFF3B5627FF03" box="[199,333,223,249]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">WYOMING</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A767B76FE83FF3B56FEFF03" box="[346,404,223,249]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Park</collectingMunicipality>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8EA7607A3A767B76FE78FF3B55BBFF03" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A767B76FE78FF3B55BBFF03" box="[417,721,223,249]" latitude="44.43" longLatPrecision="113" longitude="-110.585" municipality="Park" name="Yellowstone National Park" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="Wyoming">Yellowstone National Park</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A767B76FD3BFF3A543DFF03" box="[738,855,222,249]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="25.8" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="92" value="44.43">44°25.8'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A767B76FCBCFF3A5487FF03" box="[869,1005,222,249]" degrees="110" direction="west" minutes="35.1" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="92" value="-110.585">110°35.1'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFC610613A767B76FBDBFF3B53F8FF03" box="[1026,1170,223,249]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1969-06-12">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A767B76FBDBFF3B53F8FF03" box="[1026,1170,223,249]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1969-06-12">12 Jun 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="268D53773A767B76FB47FF3B5246FF03" box="[1182,1324,223,249]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">W. W. Wirth</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A767B76FAE6FF3B520EFF03" box="[1343,1380,223,249]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A767B76FAA8FF3A52FCFF03" box="[1393,1430,222,249]" count="5" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A767B76FF4EFEE75787FEE7" box="[151,237,259,285]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A767B76FEDAFEE7579FFEBB" collectingDate="1923-07-22" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. L. Melander" latitude="44.723335" location="Norris Basin" longLatPrecision="113" longitude="-110.70167" municipality="Yellowstone National Park" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="WYOMING">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A767B76FEDAFEE75553FEE7" box="[259,569,259,285]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Yellowstone National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EA7607A3A767B76FD91FEE755B0FEE7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A767B76FD91FEE755B0FEE7" box="[584,730,259,285]" latitude="44.723335" longLatPrecision="113" longitude="-110.70167" municipality="Yellowstone National Park" name="Norris Basin" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="WYOMING">Norris Basin</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A767B76FD35FEE75408FEE7" box="[748,866,259,285]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="43.4" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="92" value="44.723335">44°43.4'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A767B76FCA8FEE75493FEE7" box="[881,1017,259,285]" degrees="110" direction="west" minutes="42.1" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="92" value="-110.70167">110°42.1'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFC610613A767B76FBC9FEE753F7FEE7" box="[1040,1181,259,285]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1923-07-22">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A767B76FBC9FEE753F7FEE7" box="[1040,1181,259,285]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1923-07-22">22 Jul 1923</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="268D53773A767B76FB73FEE75237FEE7" box="[1194,1373,259,285]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">A. L. Melander</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A767B76FAABFEE752FDFEE7" box="[1394,1431,259,285]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A767B76FF4EFEC35787FEBB" box="[151,237,295,321]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A767B76FED9FEC352F3FEBB" box="[256,1433,294,321]" collectingDate="1969-06-12" collectionCode="USNM" county="Yellowstone National Park" latitude="44.625" location="Lake" longLatPrecision="113" longitude="-110.375" municipality="Mud" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="WYOMING">
<collectingCounty id="62A64E2D3A767B76FED9FEC3555AFEBB" box="[256,560,295,321]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Yellowstone National Park</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A767B76FDE2FEC3551AFEBB" box="[571,624,295,321]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Mud</collectingMunicipality>
volcano
<location id="8EA7607A3A767B76FD01FEC3547AFEBB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A767B76FD01FEC3547AFEBB" box="[728,784,295,321]" county="Yellowstone National Park" latitude="44.625" longLatPrecision="113" longitude="-110.375" municipality="Mud" name="Lake" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="WYOMING">Lake</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A767B76FCC6FEC254FEFEBB" box="[799,916,294,321]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="37.5" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="92" value="44.625">44°37.5'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A767B76FC79FEC25343FEBB" box="[928,1065,294,321]" degrees="110" direction="west" minutes="22.5" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="92" value="-110.375">110°22.5'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFC610613A767B76FBE4FEC353ADFEBB" box="[1085,1223,295,321]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1969-06-12">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A767B76FBE4FEC353ADFEBB" box="[1085,1223,295,321]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1969-06-12">12 Jun 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A767B76FB01FEC35396FEBB" box="[1240,1276,295,321]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A767B76FAD0FEC35247FEBB" box="[1289,1325,295,321]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A767B76FAE2FEC352FBFEBB" box="[1339,1425,295,321]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A767B76FF4EFEAF579FFE73" collectingDate="1918-08-18" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. L. Melander" county="Teton" latitude="44.541668" location="Bath Lake" longLatPrecision="113" longitude="-110.791664" municipality="Yellowstone National Park" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="WYOMING">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A767B76FF4EFEAF57B7FE9E" box="[151,221,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<collectingCounty id="62A64E2D3A767B76FF4EFEAF57BDFE9E" box="[151,215,331,356]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Teton</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A767B76FF33FEAF554CFE9F" box="[234,550,331,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Yellowstone National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EA7607A3A767B76FDE1FEAF55D8FE9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A767B76FDE1FEAF55D8FE9F" box="[568,690,331,357]" county="Teton" latitude="44.541668" longLatPrecision="113" longitude="-110.791664" municipality="Yellowstone National Park" name="Bath Lake" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="WYOMING">Bath Lake</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A767B76FD11FEAE5457FE9F" box="[712,829,330,357]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="32.5" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="92" value="44.541668">44°32.5'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A767B76FC96FEAE54BDFE9F" box="[847,983,330,357]" degrees="110" direction="west" minutes="47.5" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="92" value="-110.791664">110°47.5'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFC610613A767B76FC28FEAF53FBFE9F" box="[1009,1169,331,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1918-08-18">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A767B76FC28FEAF53FBFE9F" box="[1009,1169,331,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1918-08-18">18 Aug 1918</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="268D53773A767B76FB78FEAF5230FE9F" box="[1185,1370,331,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">A. L. Melander</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A767B76FAA8FEAF52FDFE9F" box="[1393,1431,331,357]" count="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A767B76FF4EFE8B5787FE73" box="[151,237,367,393]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A767B76FF1EFE775373FE57" blockId="37.[151,1437,150,681]" box="[199,1049,402,429]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A767B76FF1EFE77537EFE57" box="[199,1044,402,429]" country="United States of America" latitude="42.083332" location="Boone" longLatPrecision="114" longitude="-93.93" municipality="Boone" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iowa" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54C388033A767B76FF1EFE775795FE57" box="[199,255,403,429]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
Locality.—
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A767B76FE5DFE775574FE57" box="[388,542,403,429]" name="United States of America" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">United States</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A767B76FDF1FE77550EFE57" box="[552,612,403,429]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Iowa</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A767B76FDB7FE7755D1FE57" box="[622,699,403,429]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Boone</collectingMunicipality>
:
<location id="8EA7607A3A767B76FD1FFE775465FE57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A717B76FF4EFE535573FD53:8EA7607A3A767B76FD1FFE775465FE57" box="[710,783,403,429]" country="United States of America" latitude="42.083332" longLatPrecision="114" longitude="-93.93" municipality="Boone" name="Boone" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="Iowa">Boone</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A767B76FCC6FE7654EFFE57" box="[799,901,402,429]" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="5.0" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="92" value="42.083332">42°5.0'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A767B76FC48FE765362FE57" box="[913,1032,402,429]" degrees="93" direction="west" minutes="55.8" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="92" value="-93.93">93°55.8'W</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A767B76FF1EFE5353AAFE0F" blockId="37.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
Distribution (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A767B76FEBBFE5356DDFE2B" box="[354,439,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,982,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-68@36.[151,1435,982,1716]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 64. Distribution map of Scatophila iowana Wheeler in Nearctic Region" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210815/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
).—
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A767B76FE3AFE535521FE2A" box="[483,587,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A767B76FE3AFE53552FFE2A" box="[483,581,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nearctic" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nearctic</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A767B76FD8FFE5355C6FE2B" box="[598,684,439,465]" name="Mexico" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A767B76FD67FE53541FFE2B" box="[702,885,439,465]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Baja California</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A767B76FC52FE53534CFE2B" box="[907,1062,439,465]" name="United States of America" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">United States</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A767B76FBE1FE5353E0FE2B" box="[1080,1162,439,465]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Alaska</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A767B76FB43FE535264FE2B" box="[1178,1294,439,465]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">California</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A767B76FAC4FE535232FE2B" box="[1309,1368,439,465]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Iowa</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A767B76FABEFE535785FE0F" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A767B76FF23FE3F5604FE0F" box="[250,366,475,501]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
).
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A767B76FE59FE3F5696FE0F" box="[384,508,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Palearctic:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A767B76FDDDFE3F550DFE0F" box="[516,615,475,501]" name="Belgium" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Belgium</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A767B76FDABFE3F544DFE0F" box="[626,807,475,501]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A767B76FCEBFE3F54E0FE0F" box="[818,906,475,501]" name="Finland" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Finland</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A767B76FC4FFE3F5493FE0F" box="[918,1017,475,501]" name="Hungary" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Hungary</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A767B76FBDDFE3F533FFE0F" box="[1028,1109,475,501]" name="Poland" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Poland</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A767B76FBB9FE3F53D6FE0F" box="[1120,1212,475,501]" name="Sweden" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sweden</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A767B76FF1EFE1B5204FDC7" blockId="37.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
Natural History.—
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A767B76FE4DFE1B552AFDE3" author="Deonier, D. L." box="[404,576,510,537]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="496 - 510" refId="ref69737" refString="Deonier, D. L. (1965) Ecological observations on Iowa shore flies (Diptera, Ephydridae). Iowa Academy of Science, 71, 496 - 510." type="journal article" year="1965">Deonier (1965)</bibRefCitation>
reported this species from freshet-seep and spoil-bank habitats in
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A767B76FACFFE1B5238FDE3" box="[1302,1362,511,537]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Iowa</collectingRegion>
. It was rare in the former but abundant in the latter habitat (see
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A767B76FCD0FDC754EDFDC7" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[777,903,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="despecta">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A767B76FCD0FDC754EDFDC7" box="[777,903,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S. despecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for a description of the spoil-bank habitat).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A767B76FF1EFDA35573FD53" blockId="37.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
Remarks.—This species is placed in the
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A767B76FD42FDA35458FD9A" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[667,818,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mesogramma">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A767B76FD42FDA35458FD9A" box="[667,818,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">mesogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. The discovery of this species in the Palearctic Region is an anomaly among Holarctic species, i.e., named first from specimens collected in Iowa and then discovered in
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A767B76FEEDFD6B56E8FD53" box="[308,386,655,681]" name="Poland" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Poland</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A767B76FE61FD6B557EFD53" box="[440,532,655,681]" name="Sweden" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sweden</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>