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<document id="8F4EFA1C63F99D56BF3382AB2394E9F3" ID-CLB-Dataset="5275" ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a15" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a8353504-9387-42cf-8d81-8ecacbe9bd90" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5101757" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DC259A19-9B35-4B33-AD9F-44F4E1DA9983" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1626265680997" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Suzuki, Noritoshi, Caulet, Jean-Pierre &amp; Dumitrica, Paulian" docDate="2021" docId="038DDA73FF9BFE3A058FF926FB924C3D" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.43.15.405-573.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 43 (15)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.4:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Spongosphaeroidea Haeckel 1862" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="418" masterDocId="FFB4A20BFF94FE350535FFD1FFF94F6C" masterDocTitle="A new integrated morpho- and molecular systematic classification of Cenozoic radiolarians (Class Polycystinea) - suprageneric taxonomy and logical nomenclatorial acts" masterLastPageNumber="573" masterPageNumber="405" pageNumber="418" updateTime="1699036812067" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:title id="C73C87AB4DFF1E40CCF2591AAC45700B">A new integrated morpho- and molecular systematic classification of Cenozoic radiolarians (Class Polycystinea) - suprageneric taxonomy and logical nomenclatorial acts</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BFC3D771B816EE5BCE587141C5E4B3F8">Caulet, Jean-Pierre</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="038DDA73FF9BFE3A058FF926FB924C3D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183733813" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038DDA73FF9BFE3A058FF926FB924C3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038DDA73FF9BFE3A058FF926FB924C3D" lastPageNumber="418" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">
<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF9BFE3A058FF926FD28487D" box="[186,721,1783,1809]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF9BFE3A058FF926FD28487D" blockId="15.[186,721,1783,1809]" box="[186,721,1783,1809]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">
<heading id="D0D3DC09FF9BFE3A058FF926FD28487D" box="[186,721,1783,1809]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" reason="7">
Superfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A0476F926FD28487D" authority="Haeckel, 1862" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1862" box="[323,721,1783,1809]" class="Polycystina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Spongosphaeroidea">
SPONGOSPHAEROIDEA
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF9BFE3A0701F926FD28487D" author="HAECKEL E." box="[564,721,1783,1809]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" refId="ref179095" refString="HAECKEL E. 1862. - Die Radiolarien (Rhizopoda Radiaria). Eine Monographie. Reimer, Berlin, 572 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10155" type="book" year="1862">Haeckel, 1862</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF9BFE3A05B1F8FDFDAE48E6" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF9BFE3A05B1F8FDFEDC4832" blockId="15.[131,776,1836,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">
Spongosphaerida
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF9BFE3A0404F8FDFE0C4828" author="HAECKEL E." box="[305,501,1836,1860]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" refId="ref179095" refString="HAECKEL E. 1862. - Die Radiolarien (Rhizopoda Radiaria). Eine Monographie. Reimer, Berlin, 572 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10155" type="book" year="1862">Haeckel, 1862: 239</bibRefCitation>
, 452 [as a tribe]; 1882: 455 [as a subfamily].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF9BFE3A05B1F8A3FDAE48E6" blockId="15.[131,776,1836,2027]" box="[132,599,1906,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB344C4BFF9BFE3A05B1F8A3FDAE48E6" box="[132,599,1906,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A05B1F8A3FEB948E6" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1862" box="[132,320,1906,1930]" class="Polycystina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="15" pageNumber="568" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Spongosphaeroidea">Spongosphaeroidea</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF9BFE3A046FF8A3FDAA48E6" author="SUZUKI N. &amp; NOT F." box="[346,595,1906,1930]" page="196" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF9BFE3A046FF8A3FDAA48E6" author="SUZUKI N. &amp; NOT F." box="[346,595,1906,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" pagination="179 - 222" refId="ref198324" refString="SUZUKI N. &amp; NOT F. 2015. - Biology and Ecology of Radiolaria, in OHTSUKA S., SUZAKI T., HORIGUCHI T., SUZUKI N. &amp; NOT F. (eds), Marine Protists: Diversity and Dynamics. Springer Japan: 179 - 222. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 4 - 431 - 55130 - 0 _ 8" type="book chapter" year="2015">
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A046FF8A3FE6548E6" authority="Suzuki &amp; Caulet &amp; Dumitrica, 2021" authorityName="Suzuki &amp; Caulet &amp; Dumitrica" authorityYear="2021" box="[346,412,1906,1930]" family="Suzuki" pageId="15" pageNumber="571" rank="family" status="fam. nov.">Suzuki</taxonomicName>
&amp; Not 2015: 196
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF9BFE3A05B1F84FFB924C3D" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF9BFE3A05B1F84FFC684F9C" blockId="15.[131,776,1836,2027]" lastBlockId="15.[811,1457,216,849]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">DIAGNOSIS. — Spongy spherical cortical skeleton. Inner part was empty or consisted of a single or double medullary shell. A variable number of three-bladed radial spines, or radial beams, are observed. REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF9BFE3A0618FF29FB924C3D" blockId="15.[811,1457,216,849]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">
The
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A0654FF29FBC74E7E" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1862" box="[865,1086,248,274]" class="Polycystina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="15" pageNumber="568" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Spongosphaeroidea">Spongosphaeroidea</taxonomicName>
corresponds to the Clade D of Lineage I (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF9BFE3A0697FEC9FB904E5E" author="SANDIN M. M. &amp; BIARD T. &amp; ROMAC S. &amp; O'DOGHERTY L. &amp; SUZUKI N. &amp; NOT F." box="[930,1129,280,306]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" refId="ref194967" refString="SANDIN M. M., BIARD T., ROMAC S., O'DOGHERTY L., SUZUKI N. &amp; NOT F. 2021. - A morpho-molecular perspective on the diversity and evolution of Spumellaria (Radiolaria). Protist 172: https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. protis. 2021.125806" type="journal volume" year="2021">
Sandin
<emphasis id="B950B777FF9BFE3A06C0FEC8FBD04E5E" box="[1013,1065,280,306]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
) and includes only the family
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A0619FEE9FC044E3E" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1862" box="[812,1021,312,338]" class="Polycystinea" family="Spongosphaeridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" phylum="Retaria" rank="family">Spongosphaeridae</taxonomicName>
. Classically, this superfamily includes the
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A066FFE89FBD84E1E" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1862" box="[858,1057,344,370]" class="Polycystinea" family="Spongosphaeridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" phylum="Retaria" rank="family">Spongosphaeridae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A016EFE89FAE34E1E" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[1115,1306,344,370]" family="Spongodrymidae" pageId="15" pageNumber="569" rank="family">Spongodrymidae</taxonomicName>
; however, the
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A061BFEA9FC174EFE" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[814,1006,376,402]" family="Spongodrymidae" pageId="15" pageNumber="569" rank="family">Spongodrymidae</taxonomicName>
was grouped in Clade I of Lineage III (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF9BFE3A0603FE46FC034EDE" author="SANDIN M. M. &amp; BIARD T. &amp; ROMAC S. &amp; O'DOGHERTY L. &amp; SUZUKI N. &amp; NOT F." box="[822,1018,407,434]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" refId="ref194967" refString="SANDIN M. M., BIARD T., ROMAC S., O'DOGHERTY L., SUZUKI N. &amp; NOT F. 2021. - A morpho-molecular perspective on the diversity and evolution of Spumellaria (Radiolaria). Protist 172: https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. protis. 2021.125806" type="journal volume" year="2021">
Sandin
<emphasis id="B950B777FF9BFE3A06BCFE49FC454EDD" box="[905,956,407,433]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
) and represented by “
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A01DDFE46FA624EDD" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[1256,1435,407,433]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Plegmosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B950B777FF9BFE3A01DDFE46FA624EDD" box="[1256,1435,407,433]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">Plegmosphaerella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”- form of
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A06B7FE66FBA94EBD" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[898,1104,439,465]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Plegmosphaeromma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B950B777FF9BFE3A06B7FE66FBA94EBD" box="[898,1104,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">Plegmosphaeromma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(specimen ID Vil210, Vil451 of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF9BFE3A061EFE06FC004E9D" author="SANDIN M. M. &amp; BIARD T. &amp; ROMAC S. &amp; O'DOGHERTY L. &amp; SUZUKI N. &amp; NOT F." box="[811,1017,471,497]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" refId="ref194967" refString="SANDIN M. M., BIARD T., ROMAC S., O'DOGHERTY L., SUZUKI N. &amp; NOT F. 2021. - A morpho-molecular perspective on the diversity and evolution of Spumellaria (Radiolaria). Protist 172: https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. protis. 2021.125806" type="journal volume" year="2021">
Sandin
<emphasis id="B950B777FF9BFE3A06B7FE09FC414E9D" box="[898,952,471,497]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
). The
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A0171FE06FAF24E9D" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1862" box="[1092,1291,471,497]" class="Polycystinea" family="Spongosphaeridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" phylum="Retaria" rank="family">Spongosphaeridae</taxonomicName>
possess robust three-bladed primary radial beams/spines. In contrast, the
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A0618FDC6FC114D5D" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[813,1000,535,561]" family="Spongodrymidae" pageId="15" pageNumber="569" rank="family">Spongodrymidae</taxonomicName>
have fibrous radial beams radiating from the microsphere. Both families have a common centroaxoplastid-type protoplasmic structure of the intracapsular zone, but their central structures are quite different. The
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A061AFD46FC014DDD" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1862" box="[815,1016,663,689]" class="Polycystinea" family="Spongosphaeridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" phylum="Retaria" rank="family">Spongosphaeridae</taxonomicName>
have double or single medullary shells (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF9BFE3A0603FD67FB984DBD" author="KURIHARA T. &amp; MATSUOKA A." box="[822,1121,694,721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" pagination="35 - 48" refId="ref183913" refString="KURIHARA T. &amp; MATSUOKA A. 2004. - Shell structure and morphologic variation in Spongosphaera steptacantha Haeckel (Spumellaria, Radiolaria). Science Reports of Niigata University, Series E, (Geology) 19: 35 - 48. http: // hdl. handle. net / 10191 / 2141" type="journal article" year="2004">Kurihara &amp; Matsuoka 2004</bibRefCitation>
) as a stable character, while the central part of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF9BFE3A06DFFD07FB664D9C" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[1002,1183,726,752]" family="Spongodrymidae" pageId="15" pageNumber="569" rank="family">Spongodrymidae</taxonomicName>
is variable: empty hollow, with a structureless mesh, a fine polyhedron microsphere and other infra-species variations (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF9BFE3A018FFCC7FC9F4C3C" author="HOLLANDE A. &amp; ENJUMET M." pageId="15" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref180464" refString="HOLLANDE A. &amp; ENJUMET M. 1960. - Cytologie, evolution et systematique des Sphaeroides (Radiolaires). Archives du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris 7: 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1960">
<collectingCountry id="F3332BF5FF9BFE3A018FFCC7FADA4C5C" box="[1210,1315,790,816]" name="Netherlands" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">Hollande</collectingCountry>
&amp; Enjumet 1960
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF9BFE3A0641FCE7FBA24C3C" author="SWANBERG N. R. &amp; ANDERSON O. R. &amp; BENNETT P." box="[884,1115,822,848]" pageId="15" pageNumber="418" pagination="379 - 387" refId="ref199207" refString="SWANBERG N. R., ANDERSON O. R. &amp; BENNETT P. 1990. - Skeletal and cytoplasmic variability of large spongiose spumellarian radiolaria (Actinopodea: Polycystina). Micropaleontology 36 (4): 379 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1485477" type="journal article" year="1990">
Swanberg
<emphasis id="B950B777FF9BFE3A06D3FCE6FBE24C3C" box="[998,1051,822,848]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="418">et al.</emphasis>
1990
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>