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<mods:title id="38FE57A3AD74362DAC7EDA6E078456CE">Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6653A3DEA08D497E0EE55B5DB9F437DD">Low, Martyn E. Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="180965E8D99B3DF24BB5C95E744399F5">Lim, Kelvin K. P.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF01B8EDFF6B420C7A420A3C" box="[151,844,1365,1392]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B420C7A420A3C" blockId="155.[151,1437,1365,2040]" box="[151,844,1365,1392]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
<heading id="5B0E2D09FF01B8EDFF6B420C7A420A3C" box="[151,844,1365,1392]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF01B8EDFF6B420C7BD40A23" ID-CoL="68NGD" authority="(Dumeril, Bibron &amp; Dumeril, 1854)" baseAuthorityName="Dumeril, Bibron &amp; Dumeril" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[151,730,1365,1392]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaspidea">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF6B420C784C0A23" bold="true" box="[151,322,1365,1392]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Boiga jaspidea</emphasis>
(Duméril, Bibron &amp; Duméril, 1854)
</taxonomicName>
—
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFD0B420C7A420A3C" bold="true" box="[759,844,1365,1391]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Native.</emphasis>
</heading>
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF01B8EDFF0B42207D210AE4" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF0B42207D210AE4" blockId="155.[151,1437,1365,2040]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF01B8EDFF0B42207D990AC0" authority="A. M. C. Dumeril, Bibron &amp; A. Dumeril, 1854: 1093 - 1097" authorityName="A. M. C. Dumeril, Bibron &amp; A. Dumeril" authorityPageNumber="1093 - 1097" authorityYear="1854" box="[247,1175,1401,1428]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Triglyphodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaspideum">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF0B42207B060AC0" box="[247,520,1401,1427]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Triglyphodon jaspideum</emphasis>
A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron &amp; A. Duméril, 1854: 1093–1097
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FF01B8EDFB5D42207C000AC0" box="[1185,1294,1401,1427]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: MNHN-RA
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF01B8EDFEAB42C47D250AE4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689661" box="[343,1067,1437,1464]" country="Indonesia" location="Java" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jawa Timur">
7627, by original designation.
<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FF01B8EDFD5142C77BEB0AEB" box="[685,741,1438,1464]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Type</typeStatus>
locality: “à
<collectingRegion id="C23D5487FF01B8EDFC9242C47AAA0AE4" box="[878,932,1437,1463]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Java</collectingRegion>
”,
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF01B8EDFC4642C47D250AE4" box="[954,1067,1437,1463]" name="Indonesia" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF01B8EDFF6B429B7D4E0914" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" type="description">
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B429B78260AAC" blockId="155.[151,1437,1365,2040]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
Jasper Cat Snake (
<figureCitation id="98C286E0FF01B8EDFF6342BC782E0AAC" box="[159,288,1509,1535]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="362.[152,255,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-34@362.[153,1435,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="362" captionText="FIGURE 18. A) Boiga cynodon, B) Boiga drapiezii, C) Boiga jaspidea, D) Boiga melanota, E) Coelognathus flavolineatus, F) Gongylosoma baliodeira, G) Gonyosoma oxycephalum, and H) Liopeltis tricolor. Photographs by: Alex Figueroa [A, D, G], Kelvin K.P. Lim [B, C, H], Norman T.-L. Lim [E], and Nick Baker [F]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7960355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7960355/files/figure.png" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Figure 18C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B415078760970" blockId="155.[151,1437,1365,2040]" box="[151,376,1545,1571]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF6B415078760970" bold="true" box="[151,376,1545,1571]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF01B8EDFF6B4150781E0970" box="[151,272,1545,1571]" name="Singapore" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Singapore</collectingCountry>
records.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF0B41747D4E0914" blockId="155.[151,1437,1365,2040]" box="[247,1088,1581,1607]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF01B8EDFF0B41747B270914" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1896" box="[247,553,1581,1607]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsadomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaspideus">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF0B41747B270914" box="[247,553,1581,1607]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Dipsadomorphus jaspideus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFDBA41747A390914" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[582,823,1581,1607]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref292615" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1912) A Vertebrate Fauna of the Malay Peninsula from the Isthmus of Kra to Singapore, Including the Adjacent Islands. Reptilia and Batrachia, Taylor and Francis, London, xiii + 294 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10813" type="book" year="1912">Boulenger, 1912: 170</bibRefCitation>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFCA541747D320914" author="de Rooij, N." box="[857,1084,1581,1607]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref303264" refString="de Rooij, N. (1917) The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. II. Ophidia. E. J. Brill, Leiden, xiv + 334 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10610" type="book" year="1917">de Rooij, 1917: 199</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF01B8EAFF0B410B7BA50E4E" lastPageId="156" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EAFF0B410B7D590FAA" blockId="155.[151,1437,1365,2040]" lastBlockId="156.[151,1437,150,1149]" lastPageId="156" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFF01B8EDFF0B410B7C930938" box="[247,1437,1617,1644]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF01B8EDFF0B410B78AE0938" ID-CoL="68NGD" baseAuthorityName="Dumeril, Bibron &amp; Dumeril" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[247,416,1617,1643]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaspidea">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF0B410B78AE0938" box="[247,416,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Boiga jaspidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Sworder, 1923: 66.—
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FF01B8EDFD5141087A88093F" author="de Haas, C. P. J." box="[685,902,1617,1644]" page="583" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" year="1950">
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFD5141087A88093F" author="de Haas, C. P. J." box="[685,902,1617,1644]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="511 - 625" refId="ref302520" refString="de Haas, C. P. J. (1950) Checklist of the snakes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago (Reptiles, Ophidia). Treubia, 20 (3), 511 - 625." type="journal article" year="1950">de Haas, 1950: 583</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—Tweedie, 1950: 197.—Tweedie, 1953: 76.—
</treatmentCitationGroup>
Tweedie, 1961: 78.—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFDBB412C7A1109DC" author="Harman, A. J. E." box="[583,799,1653,1679]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="181 - 183" refId="ref312763" refString="Harman, A. J. E. (1961) A collection of snakes from Singapore. Malayan Nature Journal, 15 (3 - 4), 181 - 183." type="journal article" year="1961">Harman, 1961: 183</bibRefCitation>
.—Taylor, 1965: 878.—Tweedie, 1983: 77.—F.L.K. Lim &amp; M.T.-M. Lee, 1989: 79, 116 (
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF01B8EDFD3E41C07A3B09E0" box="[706,821,1689,1715]" name="Singapore" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Singapore</collectingCountry>
Zoo).—K.K.P. Lim &amp; L.M. Chou, 1990: 54.—K.K.P.
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFEAB41E47B8D098B" author="Lim, K. K. P. &amp; Subharaj, R." box="[343,643,1725,1752]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="5 - 9" refId="ref326394" refString="Lim, K. K. P. &amp; Subharaj, R. (1992) Reptiles &amp; Amphibians. The Pangolin, 5 (1 - 4), 5 - 9." type="journal article" year="1992">Lim &amp; Subharaj, 1992: 7</bibRefCitation>
(Lower Peirce Forest).—K.K.P. Lim &amp; F.L.K.
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFB4A41E47C6C0984" author="Lim, K. K. P. &amp; Lim, F. L. K." box="[1206,1378,1725,1751]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref326515" refString="Lim, K. K. P. &amp; Lim, F. L. K. (1992) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="1992">Lim, 1992: 74</bibRefCitation>
, 147 (Mandai).—Wee, 1992: 74 (Lower Peirce Reservoir Park).—L.M.
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFBC641B87C3E09AF" author="Chou L. M. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. &amp; Lim, K. K. P." box="[1082,1328,1761,1788]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="70 - 106" refId="ref297613" refString="Chou L. M., Ng, P. K. L. &amp; Lim, K. K. P. (1994) Animalia. In: Wee, Y. C. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (Eds.), A First Look at Biodiversity in Singapore. National Council on the Environment, Singapore, pp. 70 - 106." type="book chapter" year="1994">
Chou
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFB8141BB7DBA09A8" box="[1149,1204,1761,1787]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
, 1994: 105
</bibRefCitation>
.—K.K.P.
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFEAB405C7B1C084C" author="Lim, K. K. P." box="[343,530,1797,1823]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="213 - 227" refId="ref325841" refString="Lim, K. K. P. (1994 b) Reptiles. In: Ng, P. K. L. &amp; Wee, Y. C. (Eds.), The Singapore Red Data Book: Threatened Plants and Animals of Singapore. Nature Society, Singapore, pp. 213 - 227." type="book chapter" year="1994">Lim, 1994b: 331</bibRefCitation>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFDCF405C7A5E084C" author="David, P. &amp; Vogel, G." box="[563,848,1797,1823]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref301675" refString="David, P. &amp; Vogel, G. (1996) The Snakes of Sumatra: An Annotated Checklist and Key with Natural History Notes. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt-am-Main, 260 pp." type="book" year="1996">David &amp; Vogel, 1996: 68</bibRefCitation>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFC8C405C7DF5084C" author="Manthey, U. &amp; Grossmann, W." box="[880,1275,1797,1823]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref329083" refString="Manthey, U. &amp; Grossmann, W. (1997) Amphibien und Reptilian Sudostasien. Natur und Tier, M ¸ nster, 512 pp." type="book" year="1997">Manthey &amp; Grossmann, 1997: 322</bibRefCitation>
.—R.C.H. Teo &amp; Rajathurai, 1997: 379 (Lower Peirce East Forest [LPF]; Nee Soon Range [NSSF]).—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFADA40707C920817" author="Cox, M. J. &amp; van Dijk, P. P. &amp; Nabhitabhata, J. &amp; Thirakhupt, K." box="[1318,1436,1833,1860]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref299700" refString="Cox, M. J., van Dijk, P. P., Nabhitabhata, J. &amp; Thirakhupt, K. (1998) A Photographic Guide toSnakes and other Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. New Holland Publishers, London, 144 pp." type="book" year="1998">
Cox
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFAA240737C980810" box="[1374,1430,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
,
</bibRefCitation>
1998: 77.—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFE2240177B77083B" author="Das, I." box="[478,633,1869,1896]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="59 - 67" refId="ref300743" refString="Das, I. (1998) A new species of Boiga (Serpentes: Colubridae) from the Nicobar Archipelago. Journal of South Asian Natural History, 3 (1), 59 - 67." type="journal article" year="1998">Das, 1998: 65</bibRefCitation>
.—Chan-ard
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFCF040177A4B0834" box="[780,837,1869,1895]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
, 1999: 30.—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFC2A40147C180834" author="Iskandar, D. T. &amp; Colijn, E." box="[982,1302,1869,1895]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref315641" refString="Iskandar, D. T. &amp; Colijn, E. (2001) A Checklist of Southeast Asian and New Guinean Reptiles. Part I. Serpentes. Biodiversity Conservation Project (Indonesian Institute of Sciences - Japan International Cooperation Agency - The Ministry of Forestry). The Gibbon Foundation and Institute of Technology, Bandung, 195 pp." type="book" year="2001">Iskandar &amp; Colijn, 2001: 39</bibRefCitation>
.—K.P. Lim &amp; F.L.K.
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFE3840287B7A08D8" author="Lim, K. P. &amp; Lim, F. L. K." box="[452,628,1905,1931]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref327168" refString="Lim, K. P. &amp; Lim, F. L. K. (2002) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Revised Edition. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="2002">Lim, 2002: 147</bibRefCitation>
.—N. Baker &amp; K.P. Lim, 2008: 95, 160.—K.K.P. Lim
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFB20402B7C1B08D8" box="[1244,1301,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
, 2008: 162, 264.—T.M. Leong
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFDCE40CF7B6208FC" box="[562,620,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
, 2009: 487.—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFCED40CC7AB308FC" author="Das, I." box="[785,957,1941,1967]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref300845" refString="Das, I. (2010) A Field Guide to the Reptiles of Thailand and South-East Asia. New Holland, London, 376 pp." type="book" year="2010">Das, 2010: 262</bibRefCitation>
.—Ziegler
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFBC640CF7D7D08FC" box="[1082,1139,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
, 2010: 268.—N. Baker &amp; K.P. Lim, 2012: 95, 160.—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFD7040E07A380880" author="Das, I." box="[652,822,1977,2003]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref300872" refString="Das, I. (2012 a) A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of South-East Asia. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford, 160 pp." type="book" year="2012">Das, 2012a: 23</bibRefCitation>
.—Stuebing
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFC3A40E37D0E0880" box="[966,1024,1977,2003]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
, 2014: 146.—Thomas, 2014: 68, 69 (Upper Seletar).—Wallach
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFD7740877BCA08A4" box="[651,708,2013,2039]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
, 2014: 105.—Chan-ard
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFC2A40877D0108A4" box="[982,1039,2013,2039]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
, 2015: 213.—I.S. Law, I.T. Law &amp; Groenewoud, 2016: 145 (“access road to Upper Peirce Reservoir Park” [UPRR]).—Thomas
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFA7447CE787A0F86" italics="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">et al.</emphasis>
, 2016: 1.—K.K.P.
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF06B8EAFDAD47E27A4B0F86" author="Lim, K. K. P. &amp; Chua, M. A. H. &amp; Lim, N. T. - L." box="[593,837,187,213]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" pagination="165 - 198" refId="ref327018" refString="Lim, K. K. P., Chua, M. A. H. &amp; Lim, N. T. - L. (2016) Freshwater fishes, terrestrial herpetofauna and mammals of Pulau Tekong, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 9, 165 - 198." type="journal article" year="2016">
Lim
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFD7447E27BCC0F86" box="[648,706,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">et al.</emphasis>
, 2016: 181
</bibRefCitation>
(Pulau Tekong).—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF06B8EAFBE347E27DF10F86" author="de Lang, R." box="[1055,1279,187,213]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" refId="ref302593" refString="de Lang, R. (2017) The Snakes of Java, Bali and Surrounding Islands. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 435 pp." type="book" year="2017">de Lang, 2017: 110</bibRefCitation>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF06B8EAFADE47E2787D0FAA" author="Das, I." pageId="156" pageNumber="157" refId="ref300966" refString="Das, I. (2018) A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of Southeast Asia. 2 nd Edition. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford, 176 pp." type="book" year="2018">Das, 2018: 30</bibRefCitation>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF06B8EAFE6847867B740FAA" author="Charlton, T." box="[404,634,222,249]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" refId="ref295882" refString="Charlton, T. (2020) A Guide to Snakes of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Natural History Publications (Borneo) Sdn. Bhd., Kota Kinabalu, viii + 299 pp." type="book" year="2020">Charlton, 2020: 145</bibRefCitation>
.—I.S.
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF06B8EAFD3447867A950FAA" author="Law, I. S. &amp; Tan, R. &amp; Sim, R. S. I. &amp; Toh, W. Y." box="[712,923,223,249]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref321607" refString="Law, I. S., Tan, R., Sim, R. S. I. &amp; Toh, W. Y. (2021) Biodiversity Record: Jasper cat snake at Upper Seletar. Nature in Singapore, 14 (e 2021066), 1 - 2." type="journal article" year="2021">
Law
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFCFD47867A370FAA" box="[769,825,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">et al.</emphasis>
, 2021: 1
</bibRefCitation>
(Upper Seletar).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FF06B8EAFF0B465A7BA50E4E" blockId="156.[151,1437,150,1149]" box="[247,683,258,285]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF06B8EAFF0B465A78A50E4E" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1863" box="[247,427,259,285]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaspidea">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFF0B465A78A50E4E" box="[247,427,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Dipsas jaspidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Tweedie, 1951: 197.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF06B8EAFF6B467E783A0C46" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="00469A65FF06B8EAFF6B467E7A7E0D9E" blockId="156.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFF6B467E78050E12" bold="true" box="[151,267,295,321]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Remarks.</emphasis>
The first report of
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF06B8EAFE08467E7B780E12" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1863" box="[500,630,295,321]" class="Reptilia" family="Dipsadidae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaspidea">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFE08467E7B780E12" box="[500,630,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">B. jaspidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF06B8EAFD3E467E7A3A0E12" box="[706,820,295,321]" name="Singapore" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Singapore</collectingCountry>
comes from
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF06B8EAFC2E467E7D920E12" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[978,1180,295,321]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" refId="ref292615" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1912) A Vertebrate Fauna of the Malay Peninsula from the Isthmus of Kra to Singapore, Including the Adjacent Islands. Reptilia and Batrachia, Taylor and Francis, London, xiii + 294 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10813" type="book" year="1912">Boulenger (1912)</bibRefCitation>
who incorrectly cited M̧ller (1882) as recording one. Instead, M̧ller’s (1882) record lists Penang as the locality. Sworder (1923) followed
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF06B8EAFE4746367B880EDA" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[443,646,367,393]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" refId="ref292615" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1912) A Vertebrate Fauna of the Malay Peninsula from the Isthmus of Kra to Singapore, Including the Adjacent Islands. Reptilia and Batrachia, Taylor and Francis, London, xiii + 294 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10813" type="book" year="1912">Boulenger (1912)</bibRefCitation>
and also incorrectly cited M̧ller (1882); however, Sworder (1923) also referenced a specimen deposited at the Raffles Museum, likely collected by Ridley in 1908 (Tweedie 1950). Following this specimen,
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF06B8EAFD9446EE7BE20E82" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[616,748,439,465]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drapiezii">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFD9446EE7BE20E82" box="[616,748,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">B. drapiezii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
went unrecorded for 53 years (
<tableCitation id="4D7BAFDEFF06B8EAFBB546EE7D910E82" box="[1097,1183,439,465]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="16.[152,254,432,458]" captionTargetBox="[207,1414,726,1982]" captionText="TABLE 2. Checklist of the 166 herpetofauna species of Singapore, the year the first specimen was reported or collected, status in Singapore, and number of years went unreported from Singapore prior to 1990. If the reference is from a museum collection, then the museum symbolic code is listed. Under status, IND = Indeterminate (possibly extirpated). Year in parentheses under the last column is the year the species was last reported from Singapore. The herpetofauna of Singapore comprises 31 amphibians and 135 reptiles consisting of two caecilians, 29 frogs (five non-native), 1 crocodilian, 17 turtles (four non-native), 40 lizards (6 non-native), and 77 snakes (two non-native). If the year collected is not specified, then the year reported is used in its place." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5486CAEDFF8AB866FF6446E978550D95" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" tableUuid="5486CAEDFF8AB866FF6446E978550D95">Table 2</tableCitation>
) until
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF06B8EAFB1546EE7C970E82" author="Harman, A. J. E." box="[1257,1433,439,465]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" pagination="181 - 183" refId="ref312763" refString="Harman, A. J. E. (1961) A collection of snakes from Singapore. Malayan Nature Journal, 15 (3 - 4), 181 - 183." type="journal article" year="1961">Harman (1961)</bibRefCitation>
. The next record was from Lim &amp; Lee (1989) who discussed one caught at
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF06B8EAFBB246827DCE0EA6" box="[1102,1216,475,501]" name="Singapore" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Singapore</collectingCountry>
Zoo that contained three bird eggshells in its stomach. Additional records of
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF06B8EAFC8546A67AF30D4A" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[889,1021,511,537]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drapiezii">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFC8546A67AF30D4A" box="[889,1021,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">B. drapiezii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include one photographed at LPF on
<date id="7447BCA5FF06B8EAFF0B457A789C0D6E" box="[247,402,547,573]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" value="1992-03-07">7 March 1992</date>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF06B8EAFE5E457A7B960D6E" author="Lim, K. K. P. &amp; Subharaj, R." box="[418,664,547,573]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" pagination="5 - 9" refId="ref326394" refString="Lim, K. K. P. &amp; Subharaj, R. (1992) Reptiles &amp; Amphibians. The Pangolin, 5 (1 - 4), 5 - 9." type="journal article" year="1992">Lim &amp; Subharaj 1992</bibRefCitation>
), one from
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF06B8EAFCE9457A7A370D6E" box="[789,825,547,573]" name="United States of America" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">US</collectingCountry>
(Teo &amp; Rajathurai 1997), a dead specimen at
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF06B8EAFAC8457A7C560D6E" box="[1332,1368,547,573]" name="United States of America" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">US</collectingCountry>
on
<date id="7447BCA5FF06B8EAFA7C457A78710D32" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" value="2013-03-13">13 March 2013</date>
(Thomas 2014), four records from PT (
<figureCitation id="98C286E0FF06B8EAFCC4451E7A950D32" box="[824,923,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="362.[152,255,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-34@362.[153,1435,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="362" captionText="FIGURE 18. A) Boiga cynodon, B) Boiga drapiezii, C) Boiga jaspidea, D) Boiga melanota, E) Coelognathus flavolineatus, F) Gongylosoma baliodeira, G) Gonyosoma oxycephalum, and H) Liopeltis tricolor. Photographs by: Alex Figueroa [A, D, G], Kelvin K.P. Lim [B, C, H], Norman T.-L. Lim [E], and Nick Baker [F]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7960355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7960355/files/figure.png" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF06B8EAFC48451E7D6D0D32" author="Lim, K. K. P. &amp; Chua, M. A. H. &amp; Lim, N. T. - L." box="[948,1123,583,609]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" pagination="165 - 198" refId="ref327018" refString="Lim, K. K. P., Chua, M. A. H. &amp; Lim, N. T. - L. (2016) Freshwater fishes, terrestrial herpetofauna and mammals of Pulau Tekong, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 9, 165 - 198." type="journal article" year="2016">
Lim
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFC15451E7D2F0D32" box="[1001,1057,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
), another roadkill on OUTR on
<date id="7447BCA5FF06B8EAFEE5453278C60DD6" box="[281,456,619,645]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" value="2016-08-27">27 August 2016</date>
(Law
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFDF245327B4B0DD6" box="[526,581,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">et al.</emphasis>
2016), and two separate observations from
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF06B8EAFBDB45327D450DD6" box="[1063,1099,619,645]" name="United States of America" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">US</collectingCountry>
on
<date id="7447BCA5FF06B8EAFB8F45327C1D0DD6" box="[1139,1299,619,645]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" value="2020-08-08">8 August 2020</date>
and
<date id="7447BCA5FF06B8EAFABB453278210DFA" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" value="2021-05-20">20 May 2021</date>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF06B8EAFEC345D678FC0DFA" author="Law, I. S. &amp; Tan, R. &amp; Sim, R. S. I. &amp; Toh, W. Y." box="[319,498,655,681]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref321607" refString="Law, I. S., Tan, R., Sim, R. S. I. &amp; Toh, W. Y. (2021) Biodiversity Record: Jasper cat snake at Upper Seletar. Nature in Singapore, 14 (e 2021066), 1 - 2." type="journal article" year="2021">
Law
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFE8445D678BE0DFA" box="[376,432,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
). The LKCNHM also has two other specimens, one from SBG with no date and one from Mandai Lake Road collected on
<date id="7447BCA5FF06B8EAFD5D45EA7A650D9E" box="[673,875,691,717]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" value="1986-12-01">1 December 1986</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FF06B8EAFF6B458F783A0C46" blockId="156.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFF6B458F78240DA3" bold="true" box="[151,298,726,752]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Occurrence.</emphasis>
Known from a few observations from CCNR and surrounding Nature Parks and forests, and PT. Rare.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF06B8EAFF6B44477D600B2E" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="00469A65FF06B8EAFF6B44477A070C6A" blockId="156.[151,1437,150,1149]" box="[151,777,798,825]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFF6B44477B0A0C6A" bold="true" box="[151,516,798,825]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF06B8EAFF6B4447781E0C6B" box="[151,272,798,824]" name="Singapore" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Singapore</collectingCountry>
conservation status.
</emphasis>
Critically Endangered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FF06B8EAFF6B441B7B090C0E" blockId="156.[151,1437,150,1149]" box="[151,519,834,861]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFF6B441B78AF0C0F" bold="true" box="[151,417,834,860]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Conservation priority.</emphasis>
Highest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FF06B8EAFF6B443F7BDB0CD2" blockId="156.[151,1437,150,1149]" box="[151,725,870,897]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFF6B443F78DC0CD2" bold="true" box="[151,466,870,897]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">IUCN conservation status.</emphasis>
Least Concern [2012].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FF06B8EAFF6B44D37B840CBE" blockId="156.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFF6B44D37A800CF7" bold="true" box="[151,910,906,933]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF06B8EAFF6B44D37A870CF7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687419" box="[151,905,906,933]" collectionCode="LKCNHM, NHMUK" collectorName="Museum" location="Botanic Gardens" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF06B8EAFF6B44D378160CF7" box="[151,280,906,932]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">LKCNHM</collectionCode>
&amp;
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF06B8EAFEBF44D278BF0CF6" box="[323,433,907,933]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="AD0CFFB3FF06B8EAFE4044D27B2A0CF6" box="[444,548,907,933]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Museum</collectorName>
specimens.
<location id="0526CCBEFF06B8EAFD4444D37A870CF7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF01B8EAFF6B420C7D600B2E:0526CCBEFF06B8EAFD4444D37A870CF7" box="[696,905,906,932]" name="Botanic Gardens" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Botanic Gardens</location>
</materialsCitation>
:
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF06B8EAFC6444D27C990CF6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689568" box="[920,1431,906,933]" collectionCode="ZRC" location="Mandai Lake" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF06B8EAFC6444D27ADE0CF6" box="[920,976,907,933]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">ZRC</collectionCode>
.2.4200 (no date);
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFB5944D37C990CF6" bold="true" box="[1189,1431,906,933]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<location id="0526CCBEFF06B8EAFB5944D37C440CF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF01B8EAFF6B420C7D600B2E:0526CCBEFF06B8EAFB5944D37C440CF6" box="[1189,1354,906,933]" name="Mandai Lake" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Mandai Lake</location>
Road
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFA6B44D27C920CF6" bold="true" box="[1431,1436,907,933]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF06B8EAFF0B44F67B390C9A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688051" box="[247,567,943,969]" collectingDate="1986-12-01" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF06B8EAFF0B44F678210C9A" box="[247,303,943,969]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">ZRC</collectionCode>
.2.2298 (
<date id="7447BCA5FF06B8EAFE6A44F67B3E0C9A" box="[406,560,943,969]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" value="1986-12-01">
<collectingDate id="6403454DFF06B8EAFE6A44F67B3E0C9A" box="[406,560,943,969]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" value="1986-12-01">01-Dec-1986</collectingDate>
</date>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFDB444F77A150C9A" bold="true" box="[584,795,942,969]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Mandai Track 7:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF06B8EAFCD444F67D670C9A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688598" box="[808,1129,943,969]" collectingDate="2013-03-13" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF06B8EAFCD444F67A6E0C9A" box="[808,864,943,969]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">ZRC</collectionCode>
.2.7020 (
<date id="7447BCA5FF06B8EAFC3B44F67D6F0C9A" box="[967,1121,943,969]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" value="2013-03-13">
<collectingDate id="6403454DFF06B8EAFC3B44F67D6F0C9A" box="[967,1121,943,969]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" value="2013-03-13">13-Mar-2013</collectingDate>
</date>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFB8644F6784E0CBE" bold="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF06B8EAFB8644F678350CBE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688091" location="Upper Peirce Reservoir Road" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" specimenCount="1">
<location id="0526CCBEFF06B8EAFB8644F678350CBE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF01B8EAFF6B420C7D600B2E:0526CCBEFF06B8EAFB8644F678350CBE" name="Upper Peirce Reservoir Road" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Upper Peirce Reservoir Road</location>
</materialsCitation>
:
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF06B8EAFEBB448B7B880CBE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688604" box="[327,646,978,1005]" collectingDate="2016-08-27" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF06B8EAFEBB448B788E0CBE" box="[327,384,978,1005]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">ZRC</collectionCode>
.2.7225 (
<date id="7447BCA5FF06B8EAFE1D448A7B700CBE" box="[481,638,979,1005]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" value="2016-08-27">
<collectingDate id="6403454DFF06B8EAFE1D448A7B700CBE" box="[481,638,979,1005]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" value="2016-08-27">27-Aug-2016</collectingDate>
</date>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FF06B8EAFF6B44AF7A390B42" blockId="156.[151,1437,150,1149]" box="[151,823,1014,1041]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFF6B44AF7B840B43" bold="true" box="[151,650,1014,1041]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
Additional
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF06B8EAFEE244AF78990B43" box="[286,407,1014,1040]" name="Singapore" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Singapore</collectingCountry>
museum specimens.
</emphasis>
No specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FF06B8EAFF6B43437D600B2E" blockId="156.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="328D4677FF06B8EAFF6B434378880B67" bold="true" box="[151,390,1050,1076]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF06B8EAFF6B4343781E0B67" box="[151,272,1050,1076]" name="Singapore" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Singapore</collectingCountry>
localities.
</emphasis>
Lower Peirce Forest—Lower Peirce Reservoir Park—Mandai (not specified)—Mandai Lake Road—Mandai Track 7—Nee Soon Swamp Forest—Pulau Tekong—Singapore Botanic Gardens*— Singapore Zoo—Upper Peirce Reservoir Road—Upper Seletar Reservoir Park.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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