414 lines
55 KiB
XML
414 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document id="0ECED0FC6A1B2D3DA0C6A21978C393CB" ID-CLB-Dataset="53562" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.868.2105" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a0e1e77f-c13e-497c-aaef-8b762c4a63eb" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891587" ID-ZooBank="A09D1E2F-E2A8-44C6-B838-6BB1DCB3F657" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1683119414481" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Pos, Davide Dal, Claridge, Brandon, Diller, Erich, Noort, Simon Van & Giovanni, Filippo Di" docDate="2023" docId="3C038798FF8C9179FD8E4592FF96FB55" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-868_1-71.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 868" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Heterischnus Wesmael 1859" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="C03AFFE0FFA9915FFFCC415AFD75FFE1" masterDocTitle="Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1699515245800" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
|
|
<mods:mods id="9A418DD2453DAA6C0FE85187BB27E369" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="A2A926B6706EEB553B38D65EC6FA8E09">
|
|
<mods:title id="1B09ACEB07AF11CBD7F0467CCFFFDF04">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name id="3F16012E314681A18B6D70A5570A2282" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="03801F907D9F5233041FC6E9C82DB48B">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="B765A85AE34991F1DC617E6D65113DF6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="992323D714B58F3901CEA7C50662B14E">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D94391AC1D517994C5E6001DA8EC2374" type="LSID">A305EECF-A046-4575-935F-144641E9F87C</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="5C828D9393C529E0B72F48AEDF618B0B">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EC42F493D77782F1642B672CADFF08F4" type="email">daveliga@gmail.com;davide.dalpos@knights.ucf.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="6AD17F0CBF8AA7AD33D06F3E09879B6B" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="0F5F353BDA1036BD9152FA1D2F28048A">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="A39AFD05DA1DD73DC37EDEF34F683C38">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="3B27C1251BE6A524E9E47395922FFCDB">Claridge, Brandon</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E399DB1F36337740C493FAAC4E60D945" type="LSID">83D357F0-E334-40EC-AEC3-98FBB15D27F2</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="59807A8A68B98BEA1D2FC97B6BC6D1BA" type="email">brandonclaridge1@gmail.com;brandon.claridge@usu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="E5B6BD8B5725E4F9E29CFCB64A318D08" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="24160FA0E9047E764A82493635043204">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="9B252D1156B19723966F92705EA25CF0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="BA72DAA3640774DC6C5475FA9B66D3A3">Diller, Erich</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0BAAFA6889856A560CA1E88798236A62" type="LSID">BE45FFF5-454A-4B16-AB54-7CD1FA8A187B</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="20A927BE551166D512475629145402D2" type="email">diller.e@snsb.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="0F006DE89B9303D2D35974BDBC74AD77" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="17BCFDC42D13D7ABEB161CCA9D2DBD90">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="7068008D9D1ACFD0F0950A4ACC520E65">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="0094C6B95971781CDF635C11D0D3D040">Noort, Simon Van</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4D579B4BB988603641C305D28723F2A3" type="LSID">7CCD166F-F1FA-43DA-B582-4E84EAF59AD1</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BAA27539E9214330BE682DFEBBBBA88A" type="email">svannoort@iziko.org.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="C04B99BC910B30CA45CE9DEB79AE92B8" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="AF2A03A6E8FFBB00BD94000F1786D364">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="28C00D1B6DF415D3B280A53860D0ADC8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="7A276A38D0762A744BFEEF05D7195B5B">Giovanni, Filippo Di</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A152FC9BCEDADA3476534B1AE9396FCD" type="LSID">C1DC90BF-047B-46BE-AA74-3842FDEEB576</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E1DE68D1975D10F5FACCDFC02C387C00" type="email">aphelocheirus@gmail.com;filippo.digiovanni@unisi.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="74F7A00CFE7ED1F207A3A7F615289F8B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="0E0DC1B84E261D137B6FC2296FAE5F9C" type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="A466D1D4B2776638223F2208D1356931">
|
|
<mods:title id="2FC3C21551465B1DF4CFAB3794ECDC07">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part id="CCA13541E9A2DFC95466F7D281115AB2">
|
|
<mods:date id="0AD9354F70E97CAE3055B304123363BE">2023</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail id="FF9CCE2A8352F4E5FC227D1C8D5966D2" type="pubDate">
|
|
<mods:number id="12102036A5E45E2F5FD8C3F46648A029">2023-04-28</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="601006E64847DFA79608D7863B5E03E7" type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number id="06D3E1072CED2F4C7D72C7FAA49F6A14">868</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent id="917361965E6B01D37E6147B05800BB4B" unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start id="4DA0913C211BE3608637E0E2B112155F">1</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end id="4D0651C7604D5B1C85B04BF87E80BE87">71</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:classification id="680DC63CEEA4CECD10D198B9141D44DD">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="AD1BFB60916756D6F99E29CA045F572E" type="CLB-Dataset">53562</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="45790DCE36E3965100FA374B9098BB70" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2023.868.2105</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="FF70D3EDE822B626034FAA7DD33B466B" type="GBIF-Dataset">a0e1e77f-c13e-497c-aaef-8b762c4a63eb</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="5B5EC373FE9DD54D58E6A9ABE3FDDF4E" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="2FB56339E6A19BA07C1218D6B9B4694C" type="Zenodo-Dep">7891587</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="B6461B873F931FF76986A8DA5A2AE481" type="ZooBank">A09D1E2F-E2A8-44C6-B838-6BB1DCB3F657</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment id="3C038798FF8C9179FD8E4592FF96FB55" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7897214" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209581605" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7897214" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF8C9179FD8E4592FF96FB55" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C038798FF8C9179FD8E4592FF96FB55" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8C917AFD8E4592FE87FB03" box="[578,1010,1223,1250]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFD8E4592FE87FB03" blockId="37.[578,1010,1223,1250]" box="[578,1010,1223,1250]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8C917AFD8E4592FE87FB03" box="[578,1010,1223,1250]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="2">
|
|
Genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFD58459DFE87FB03" ID-CoL="4W8X" ID-ENA="274241" authority="Wesmael, 1859" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[660,1010,1223,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFD58459DFE40FB03" bold="true" box="[660,821,1223,1250]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Heterischnus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFCF14592FE87FB03" author="Wesmael C." box="[829,1010,1223,1250]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref23391" refString="Wesmael C. 1859. Remarques critiques sur diverses especes d'ichneumons de la collection de feu le Professeur J. L. C. Gravenhorst, d'un court appendice ichneumonologique. Memoires couronnes de l'Academie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique 8: 1 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 67718" type="journal article" year="1859">Wesmael, 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</heading>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8C917AFF714451F93FF995" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFF714451F878FAC4" blockId="37.[189,1399,1291,1652]" box="[189,1293,1291,1318]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF8C917AFF714451F878FAC4" box="[189,1293,1291,1318]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFF714451FF31FAC4" author="Wesmael C." box="[189,580,1291,1318]" page="83" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1859">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFF714451FF31FAC4" ID-CoL="4W8X" authority="Wesmael, 1859: 83" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityPageNumber="83" authorityYear="1859" box="[189,580,1291,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFF714451FC2DFAC4" box="[189,344,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Heterischnus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFE934451FF31FAC4" author="Wesmael C." box="[351,580,1291,1318]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref23391" refString="Wesmael C. 1859. Remarques critiques sur diverses especes d'ichneumons de la collection de feu le Professeur J. L. C. Gravenhorst, d'un court appendice ichneumonologique. Memoires couronnes de l'Academie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique 8: 1 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 67718" type="journal article" year="1859">Wesmael, 1859: 83</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8C917AFD824451FFFDFAC4" box="[590,648,1291,1317]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
|
|
species:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFD384451F92AFAC4" authority="Muller, 1776" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[756,1119,1291,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFD384451FECBFAC4" box="[756,958,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ichneumon pulex</emphasis>
|
|
Müller, 1776
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, by monotypy.
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFF71446BFE49FAAB" blockId="37.[189,1399,1291,1652]" box="[189,828,1327,1355]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF8C917AFF71446BFE49FAAB" box="[189,828,1327,1355]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
[
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFF0B446AFC0FFAAB" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[199,378,1328,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFF0B446AFC0FFAAB" box="[199,378,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
]
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFE47446AFF0EFAAB" author="Heinrich G." box="[395,635,1328,1354]" page="244" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1936">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFE47446AFF0EFAAB" author="Heinrich G." box="[395,635,1328,1354]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936: 244</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
. Nomen nudum.
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFF71440FF838FA75" blockId="37.[189,1399,1291,1652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF8C917AFF71440FF838FA75" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFF71440FFF14FA8E" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,609,1365,1391]" page="127" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1938">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFF71440FFF14FA8E" authority="Heinrich, 1938: 127" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityPageNumber="127" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,609,1365,1391]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFF71440FFC05FA8E" box="[189,368,1365,1391]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFEBA440FFF14FA8E" author="Heinrich G." box="[374,609,1365,1391]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938: 127</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8C917AFDA6440CFFD1FA91" box="[618,676,1366,1392]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
|
|
species:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFCC7440FF99BFA8E" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[779,1262,1365,1391]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFCC7440FF943FA8E" box="[779,1078,1365,1391]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Aethiopischnus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFBF1440FF99BFA8E" author="Heinrich G." box="[1085,1262,1365,1391]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, by original designation. Synonymized by
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFD874421FEC2FA75" author="Townes H. K. & Townes M." box="[587,951,1402,1429]" page="278" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1951">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFD874421FEC2FA75" author="Townes H. K. & Townes M." box="[587,951,1402,1429]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref23201" refString="Townes H. K. & Townes M. 1951. Family Ichneumonidae. In: Muesebeck C. F. W., Krombein K. V. & Townes H. K. (eds) Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. USDA, Washington, D. C." type="book" year="1951">Townes & Townes (1951: 278)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
under
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFBC64420F83CFA75" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[1034,1353,1402,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Rhexidermus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFBC64420F9D6FA75" box="[1034,1187,1402,1428]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rhexidermus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFB674421F83CFA75" author="Forster A." box="[1195,1353,1402,1429]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="135 - 221" refId="ref21760" refString="Forster A. 1869. Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ichneumonen. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens 25: 135 - 221." type="journal article" year="1869">Förster, 1869</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFF7144C5F9BBFA3F" blockId="37.[189,1399,1291,1652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF8C917AFF7144C5F9BBFA3F" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFF7144C5FF32FA5B" author="Viereck H. L." box="[189,583,1439,1466]" page="77" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1914">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFF7144C5FF32FA5B" authority="Viereck, 1914: 77" authorityName="Viereck" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1914" box="[189,583,1439,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ischnopsidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFF7144C5FC2DFA58" box="[189,344,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ischnopsidea</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFEA944C5FF32FA5B" author="Viereck H. L." box="[357,583,1439,1466]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 186" refId="ref23352" refString="Viereck H. L. 1914. Type species of the genera of ichneumon flies. United States National Museum Bulletin 83: 1 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.83.1" type="journal article" year="1914">Viereck, 1914: 77</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8C917AFD9444FAFFE7FA5B" box="[600,658,1440,1466]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
|
|
species:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFCC644C5F9ABFA5B" authority="Gravenhorst, 1829" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1829" box="[778,1246,1439,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracicus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFCC644C5FE98FA58" box="[778,1005,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ischnus thoracicus</emphasis>
|
|
Gravenhorst, 1829
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, by original designation. Synonymized by
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFD81449FFE4CFA3E" author="Townes H. K." box="[589,825,1476,1503]" page="305" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1944">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFD81449FFE4CFA3E" author="Townes H. K." box="[589,825,1476,1503]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref23100" refString="Townes H. K. 1944. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Nearctic Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I. The Subfamilies Ichneumoninae, Tryphoninae, Crytinae, Phaeogeninae and Lissonotinae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 11, American Entomological Society, Philadelphia. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 38650198 [accessed 14 Mar. 2023]." type="url" year="1944">Townes (1944: 305)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
under
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFC46449EF9BCFA3F" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[906,1225,1476,1503]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Rhexidermus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFC46449EF956FA3F" box="[906,1059,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rhexidermus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFBE7449FF9BCFA3F" author="Forster A." box="[1067,1225,1476,1503]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="135 - 221" refId="ref21760" refString="Forster A. 1869. Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ichneumonen. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens 25: 135 - 221." type="journal article" year="1869">Förster, 1869</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFF7144B0F94DF9C8" blockId="37.[189,1399,1291,1652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF8C917AFF7144B0F94DF9C8" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFF7144B0FF14F9E5" author="Provancher L." box="[189,609,1513,1540]" page="272" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1875">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFF7144B0FF14F9E5" authority="Provancher, 1875: 272" authorityName="Provancher" authorityPageNumber="272" authorityYear="1875" box="[189,609,1513,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Posocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFF7144B0FC3BF9E2" box="[189,334,1514,1539]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Posocentrus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFE9944B0FF14F9E5" author="Provancher L." box="[341,609,1513,1540]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="263 - 274" refId="ref22385" refString="Provancher L. 1875. Les ichneumonides du Quebec. Le Naturaliste canadien 7: 20 - 26, 74 - 84, 175 - 183, 263 - 274." type="journal article" year="1875">Provancher, 1875: 272</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8C917AFDA644B0FFD1F9E5" box="[618,676,1514,1540]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
|
|
species:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFCC244B0F9BFF9E5" authority="Provancher, 1875" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1875" box="[782,1226,1513,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Posocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huardi">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFCC244B0FE86F9E5" box="[782,1011,1514,1540]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Posocentrus huardi</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFC3644B0F9BFF9E5" author="Provancher L." box="[1018,1226,1513,1540]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="263 - 274" refId="ref22385" refString="Provancher L. 1875. Les ichneumonides du Quebec. Le Naturaliste canadien 7: 20 - 26, 74 - 84, 175 - 183, 263 - 274." type="journal article" year="1875">Provancher, 1875</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, by monotypy. Synonymized by
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFE7B4755FFD7F9CB" author="Townes H. K." box="[439,674,1551,1578]" page="305" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1944">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFE7B4755FFD7F9CB" author="Townes H. K." box="[439,674,1551,1578]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref23100" refString="Townes H. K. 1944. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Nearctic Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I. The Subfamilies Ichneumoninae, Tryphoninae, Crytinae, Phaeogeninae and Lissonotinae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 11, American Entomological Society, Philadelphia. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 38650198 [accessed 14 Mar. 2023]." type="url" year="1944">Townes (1944: 305)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
under
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFD384755F946F9C8" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[756,1075,1551,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Rhexidermus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFD384755FEF8F9C8" box="[756,909,1551,1577]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rhexidermus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFC594755F946F9C8" author="Forster A." box="[917,1075,1551,1577]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="135 - 221" refId="ref21760" refString="Forster A. 1869. Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ichneumonen. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens 25: 135 - 221." type="journal article" year="1869">Förster, 1869</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFF71476EF93FF995" blockId="37.[189,1399,1291,1652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF8C917AFF71476EF93FF995" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFF71476EFF4CF9AF" author="Forster A." box="[189,569,1588,1614]" page="192" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1869">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFF71476EFF4CF9AF" authority="Forster, 1869: 192" authorityName="Forster" authorityPageNumber="192" authorityYear="1869" box="[189,569,1588,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Rhexidermus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFF71476EFC23F9AF" box="[189,342,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rhexidermus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFE92476EFF4CF9AF" author="Forster A." box="[350,569,1588,1614]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="135 - 221" refId="ref21760" refString="Forster A. 1869. Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ichneumonen. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens 25: 135 - 221." type="journal article" year="1869">Förster, 1869: 192</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8C917AFD89476EFF0AF9AF" box="[581,639,1588,1614]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
|
|
species:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFD20476EF9B7F9AF" authority="Ashmead, 1906" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1906" box="[748,1218,1588,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Rhexidermus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFD20476EFE8AF9AF" box="[748,1023,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rhexidermus japonicus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFBCB476EF9B7F9AF" author="Ashmead W. H." box="[1031,1218,1588,1614]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="169 - 201" refId="ref20594" refString="Ashmead W. H. 1906. Descriptions of new Hymenoptera from Japan. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 30: 169 - 201. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.30 - 1448.169" type="journal article" year="1906">Ashmead, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, by subsequent monotypy by
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFE404703FFFAF992" author="Ashmead W. H." box="[396,655,1625,1651]" page="171" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1906">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFE404703FFFAF992" author="Ashmead W. H." box="[396,655,1625,1651]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="169 - 201" refId="ref20594" refString="Ashmead W. H. 1906. Descriptions of new Hymenoptera from Japan. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 30: 169 - 201. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.30 - 1448.169" type="journal article" year="1906">Ashmead (1906: 171)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
. Synonymized by
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFCA44703F933F995" author="Perkins J. F." box="[872,1094,1625,1652]" page="77" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1959">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFCA44703F933F995" author="Perkins J. F." box="[872,1094,1625,1652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref22346" refString="Perkins J. F. 1959. Hymenoptera. Ichneumonoidea. Ichneumonidae, Key to Subfamilies and Ichneumoninae - 1. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 7, Royal Entomological Society, St Albans, UK." type="book" year="1959">Perkins (1959: 77)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8C9179FF7147C6FFC8FEA7" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFF7147C6FC43F957" blockId="37.[189,310,1692,1718]" box="[189,310,1692,1718]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8C917AFF7147C6FC43F957" bold="true" box="[189,310,1692,1718]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="3">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFF7147C6FC43F957" bold="true" box="[189,310,1692,1718]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
|
</heading>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C9179FF714797FFC8FEA7" blockId="37.[186,1399,1741,2025]" lastBlockId="38.[189,1398,265,326]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
The unidentate and falcate mandibles set
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFD474797FEABF909" authority="Wesmael, 1859" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[651,990,1741,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFD474797FE53F906" box="[651,806,1741,1767]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Heterischnus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFCE14797FEABF909" author="Wesmael C." box="[813,990,1741,1768]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref23391" refString="Wesmael C. 1859. Remarques critiques sur diverses especes d'ichneumons de la collection de feu le Professeur J. L. C. Gravenhorst, d'un court appendice ichneumonologique. Memoires couronnes de l'Academie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique 8: 1 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 67718" type="journal article" year="1859">Wesmael, 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
apart from all the other Afrotropical genera of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFEE047A8FCB5F8ED" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[300,448,1778,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Phaeogenini">Phaeogenini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, except for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFD8B47A9FFE1F8ED" authorityName="Tosquinet" authorityYear="1903" box="[583,660,1779,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFD8B47A9FFE1F8ED" box="[583,660,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Lusius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, from which it can be distinguished by the presence of vein
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFA8A47A8FDA7F8D0" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">3rsm</emphasis>
|
|
(areolet closed) in the fore wing and the abscissa of
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFCF64642FE16F8D3" box="[826,867,1816,1842]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">CU</emphasis>
|
|
in the hind wing. Additionally, the genus can be separated from other genera by the following combination of characters: (1) clypeus separated from face by clupeal suture; (2) basal flagellar segments slender and long; (3) vertex long and slightly convex behind ocelli; (4) hypostomal carina joining occipital carina distinctly at or above mandibular base; (5) epicnemial carina strongly raised ventrally and flexed over the base of the fore coxae; (6) notauli distinct anteriorly, deep and long; (7) tarsal claws simple; (8) gastrocoeli nearly indistinct to deep, thyridia wide; (9) ovipositor extending relatively strongly beyond apex of metasoma (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FBD54053F9C9FEC5" author="Perkins J. F." box="[1049,1212,265,292]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref22346" refString="Perkins J. F. 1959. Hymenoptera. Ichneumonoidea. Ichneumonidae, Key to Subfamilies and Ichneumoninae - 1. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 7, Royal Entomological Society, St Albans, UK." type="book" year="1959">Perkins 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FB074053FD8EFEA7" author="Selfa J. & Diller E." pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="237 - 252" refId="ref22784" refString="Selfa J. & Diller E. 1994. Illustrated key to the Western Palearctic genera of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Entomofauna 15: 237 - 252." type="journal article" year="1994">Selfa & Diller 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FECB4076FC96FEA7" author="Rousse P. & van Noort S. & Diller E." box="[263,483,299,326]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. & Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
|
Rousse
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FEAF4076FCEBFEA4" box="[355,414,299,325]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2013
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FE234071FFD2FEA7" author="Claridge B." box="[495,679,299,326]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="57 - 79" refId="ref20839" refString="Claridge B. 2021 b. Revision of Nearctic Heterischnus Wesmael, 1859 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Phaeogenini). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 57 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / jhr. 85.67792" type="journal article" year="2021">Claridge 2021b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8F9179FF714036FF96FB55" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF714036FC5AFE67" blockId="38.[189,303,364,390]" box="[189,303,364,390]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
|
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8F9179FF714036FC5AFE67" bold="true" box="[189,303,364,390]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="3">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF714036FC5AFE67" bold="true" box="[189,303,364,390]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Remarks</emphasis>
|
|
</heading>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF7140C0FF5EFD65" blockId="38.[188,1399,410,644]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FF7140C0FF64FE54" authority="Wesmael, 1859" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[189,529,410,437]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF7140C0FC2DFE55" box="[189,344,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Heterischnus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FE9240C0FF64FE54" author="Wesmael C." box="[350,529,410,437]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref23391" refString="Wesmael C. 1859. Remarques critiques sur diverses especes d'ichneumons de la collection de feu le Professeur J. L. C. Gravenhorst, d'un court appendice ichneumonologique. Memoires couronnes de l'Academie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique 8: 1 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 67718" type="journal article" year="1859">Wesmael, 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
occurs in the Afrotropical, Nearctic, and Palearctic regions (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FB0740C0F807FE55" author="Yu D. S. K. & Van Achterberg C. & Horstmann K." box="[1227,1394,410,436]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref23600" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. & Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive, Nepean, Ontario, Canada." type="book" year="2016">
|
|
Yu
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FB3840C1F85BFE55" box="[1268,1326,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2016
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FF7040E7FC02FE39" author="Claridge B." box="[188,375,445,472]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="57 - 79" refId="ref20839" refString="Claridge B. 2021 b. Revision of Nearctic Heterischnus Wesmael, 1859 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Phaeogenini). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 57 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / jhr. 85.67792" type="journal article" year="2021">Claridge 2021b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Previous to this contribution, 5 species were recorded in the Afrotropic (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FB1040E7FD8EFE18" author="Rousse P. & van Noort S. & Diller E." pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. & Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
|
Rousse
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FAF040E4F802FE36" box="[1340,1399,445,471]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2013
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FEC540BAFCC9FE1B" author="Yu D. S. K. & Van Achterberg C. & Horstmann K." box="[265,444,479,506]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref23600" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. & Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive, Nepean, Ontario, Canada." type="book" year="2016">
|
|
Yu
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FEF940BAFC06FE18" box="[309,371,479,505]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2016
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), but, with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FD8640BAF959FE18" authority="Rousse & van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse & van Noort" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Pos & Claridge & Diller & Noort & Giovanni" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[586,1068,479,506]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FD8640BAFFACFE18" box="[586,729,479,505]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. mkomazi</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FD2840BAF959FE18" author="Rousse P. & van Noort S. & Diller E." box="[740,1068,479,506]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. & Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse & van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
being herein transferred to the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FEF54358FF75FDFD" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[313,512,514,540]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FEF54358FF75FDFD" box="[313,512,514,540]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Nesostenodontus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(see below for the complete analyses), the current number of Afrotropical species is 4, namely:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FE7B437FFE6DFDDE" authority="(Heinrich, 1936)" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[439,792,548,575]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FE7B437FFF3FFDDE" box="[439,586,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. africanus</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FD95437EFE7AFDDE" author="Heinrich G." box="[601,783,548,575]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FCE8437FF915FDDE" authority="Schonitzer, 1999" authorityName="Schonitzer" authorityYear="1999" box="[804,1120,548,575]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karusi">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FCE8437FFEE4FDDF" box="[804,913,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. karusi</emphasis>
|
|
Schönitzer, 1999
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FBA1437FFCF5FD80" authority="Rousse & van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse & van Noort" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mfongosi">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FBA1437FF988FDDE" box="[1133,1277,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. mfongosi</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FACF437FFCF5FD80" author="Rousse P. & van Noort S. & Diller E." pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. & Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse & van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FE714312FE51FD80" authority="(Heinrich, 1938)" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[445,804,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FE714312FF26FD80" box="[445,595,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FDA8431DFE6EFD80" author="Heinrich G." box="[612,795,583,609]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. As a result of the transfer, the genus is no longer recorded for
|
|
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8F9179FE9A4330FCC6FD65" box="[342,435,618,644]" name="Senegal" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
|
(
|
|
<tableCitation id="F9280335FF8F9179FE0E4330FF6FFD65" box="[450,538,618,644]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="64.[189,258,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Table 1 (continued on next page). Checklist and distribution of Phaeogenini Förster, 1869 in the Afrotropical region. * = identifies new species and/or records." pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF7143F1FC5AFD24" blockId="38.[189,303,683,709]" box="[189,303,683,709]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
|
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8F9179FF7143F1FC5AFD24" bold="true" box="[189,303,683,709]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="3">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF7143F1FC5AFD24" bold="true" box="[189,303,683,709]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Remarks</emphasis>
|
|
</heading>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF714382FF96FB55" blockId="38.[188,1399,728,1204]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
|
Despite being currently a synonym of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FD5F4382FE5BFD13" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[659,814,728,754]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FD5F4382FE5BFD13" box="[659,814,728,754]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Heterischnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FCF34382FE87FD13" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[831,1010,728,754]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FCF34382FE87FD13" box="[831,1010,728,754]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
requires a focused commentary to resolve some nomenclatural issues.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FD4843A1FE42FCF4" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[644,823,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FD4843A1FE42FCF4" box="[644,823,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
firstly appeared in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FBD043A1F860FCF4" author="Heinrich G." box="[1052,1301,763,789]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich (1936: 244)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
without being accompanied by any formal description. The genus name served only to accommodate the description of a new species,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FDD1421AFE32FCBB" authorityName=", Heinrich" authorityYear="1936" box="[541,839,832,858]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FDD1421AFE32FCBB" box="[541,839,832,858]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus africanus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Later on,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FC06421AF9B0FCBB" author="Heinrich G." box="[970,1221,832,858]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 127)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
introduced the name
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FEC94238FCCDFC9D" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[261,440,866,892]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FEC94238FCCDFC9D" box="[261,440,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
again as “
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FDFA4239FFD5FC9D" box="[566,672,867,892]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
|
” providing this time an adequate description and designating
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FF7242DFFC98FC7E" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[190,493,901,927]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF7242DFFC98FC7E" box="[190,493,901,927]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
as the
|
|
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8F9179FD8B42DCFF0FFC41" box="[583,634,902,928]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
|
|
species.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FD2542DCF92AFC7E" author="Townes H. K. & Townes M." box="[745,1119,901,928]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref23290" refString="Townes H. K. & Townes M. 1973. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Ethiopian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 19, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1973">Townes & Townes (1973: 221)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
acknowledged the two names (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FED342F2FFE3FC23" authority="Heinrich, 1936" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1936" box="[287,662,936,962]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FED342F2FCA7FC23" box="[287,466,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FE2C42F2FFE3FC23" author="Heinrich G." box="[480,662,936,962]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FD1742F2F926FC23" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[731,1107,936,962]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FD1742F2FEFBFC23" box="[731,910,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FC5042F2F926FC23" author="Heinrich G." box="[924,1107,936,962]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and placed them as a synonym of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FE9B4290FC87FC05" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[343,498,970,996]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FE9B4290FC87FC05" box="[343,498,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Heterischnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FDCF4291FE19FC05" author="Yu D. S. K. & Horstmann K." box="[515,876,970,997]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref23513" refString="Yu D. S. K. & Horstmann K. 1997. A Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I: Subfamilies Acaenitinae to Ophioninae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 58, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1997">Yu & Horstmann (1997: 489)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
deemed
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FC114290F825FC05" authority="Heinrich, 1936" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1936" box="[989,1360,970,996]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FC114290F9E5FC05" box="[989,1168,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FB504290F825FC05" author="Heinrich G." box="[1180,1360,970,996]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
an unavailable name without providing any discussion for their action. According to
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FB4742B7F854FBE6" author="ICZN & London, UK" box="[1163,1313,1005,1031]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: article 13.1.1), to be available a name proposed after 1930 needs to be accompanied “
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FB404555F9DBFBAD" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">by a description or definition that states in words characters that are purported to differentiate the taxon.</emphasis>
|
|
”. Because of the lack of a proper description, the genus name
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FD0A450EF944FB8F" authority="Heinrich, 1936" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1936" box="[710,1073,1108,1134]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FD0A450EFE0CFB8F" box="[710,889,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FC4D450EF944FB8F" author="Heinrich G." box="[897,1073,1108,1134]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is deemed a nomen nudum, and therefore unavailable.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FE3F452DFE28FB70" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[499,861,1143,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FE3F452DFFD3FB70" box="[499,678,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FD61452DFE28FB70" author="Heinrich G." box="[685,861,1143,1169]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is the available name (even though invalid) in accordance with
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FE4E45C0FFAAFB55" author="Yu D. S. K. & Horstmann K." box="[386,735,1178,1204]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref23513" refString="Yu D. S. K. & Horstmann K. 1997. A Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I: Subfamilies Acaenitinae to Ophioninae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 58, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1997">Yu & Horstmann (1997: 489)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |