439 lines
50 KiB
XML
439 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="E81EAFBD2FC66DBFE204368D2EA919E4" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3894.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1bff28d0-db79-4a0f-8cfa-fc6cd82ce2ae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="251800" ID-ZooBank="70B9B045-9C14-47B1-B0C7-8DDA09AFE02B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460996815897" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Marusik, Yuri M. & Omelko, Mikhail M." docDate="2014" docId="03BD87E1FFBEDB6AF2C03C571EAEFB7A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03894p032.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3894 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gnaphosa similis Kulczynski 1926" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" masterDocId="FF84FF99FFAEDB7BF25739751F7BFF99" masterDocTitle="A survey of East Palaearctic Gnaphosidae (Araneae). 3. On new and poorly known Gnaphosa Latreille, 1804" updateTime="1698562972859" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="DAD9123D26C6CF890A77036DEB0422CC">A survey of East Palaearctic Gnaphosidae (Araneae). 3. On new and poorly known Gnaphosa Latreille, 1804</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CEDCEA41304F7D5559C9929E06C90576">Marusik, Yuri M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="791B0B8ED6735CD6963B2EAA1B08EBE6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="198AD46F5FC281FA361A49187F81F0D8">Omelko, Mikhail M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="571817421D7ABC599CC258D45AC8760E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9F57C89D69B2162F19651C3FA0EBECC7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="4E304538C4AAEBF39971E0AB776F8725">
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<mods:date id="2CBA4C9E593024EFAF177946389401F5">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="53C58B429C503A4BADEFB446590587CB" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="157772528EC4B0F8DF96F9CAA7B592C9">3894</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="428D35832FC7DC04B3D3AB5150FE4273">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1BF1AC7D77E4BC14F971F7355DAA3177">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="610471AF47DE7856AE4EF4C4B75097EA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3894.1.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BD87E1FFBEDB6AF2C03C571EAEFB7A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3515401" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119597501" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3515401" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BD87E1FFBEDB6AF2C03C571EAEFB7A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BD87E1FFBEDB6AF2C03C571EAEFB7A" lastPageId="17" pageId="16">
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<subSubSection id="C30E657CFFBEDB6BF2C03C571D16FAC7" pageId="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAB36F7FFBEDB6BF2C03C571D3EFAA4" blockId="16.[151,621,1314,1374]" box="[151,581,1314,1341]" pageId="16">
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<heading id="D0E3819BFFBEDB6BF2C03C571D3EFAA4" bold="true" box="[151,581,1314,1341]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBEDB6BF2C03C571D3EFAA4" ID-CoL="3GL5Q" authority="Kulczynski, 1926" authorityName="Kulczynski" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,581,1314,1341]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
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<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF2C03C571D3EFAA4" bold="true" box="[151,581,1314,1341]" pageId="16">
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<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF2C03C571E13FAA5" bold="true" box="[151,360,1314,1340]" italics="true" pageId="16">Gnaphosa similis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBEDB6BF3383C561D3EFAA4" author="Kulczynski" box="[367,581,1315,1341]" pageId="16" refString="Kulczynski, (1926) Arachnoidea Camtschadalica. Yezhegodnik zoologicheskogo muzeya Akademii Nauk. SSSR, 27, 29 - 72." type="journal article" year="1926">Kulczyński, 1926</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB36F7FFBEDB6BF2C03C301D16FAC7" blockId="16.[151,621,1314,1374]" box="[151,621,1349,1374]" pageId="16">
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<figureCitation id="132F2A72FFBEDB6BF2C03C301E6CFAC7" box="[151,279,1349,1374]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 – 66" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,179,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[157,1442,179,1937]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 57 – 66. Copulatory organs of Gnaphosa similis (57 – 62) and G. m u s c o r u m (63 – 66). 57, 63 male palp, ventral; 58, 64 — basal half of palpal organ, ventral; 59, 61, 65 epigyne, ventral; 60, 62, 66 epigyne dorsal. Scale = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: Id— insemination duct, Mp pocket of lateral margin, Ps— subdivided pocket of septum, Sp— spur of embolus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251810/files/figure.png" pageId="16">Figs 57–62</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132F2A72FFBEDB6BF3753C301E10FAC7" box="[290,363,1349,1374]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 72" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1757,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1737]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 72. SEM microphotographs of the bulbus of Gnaphosa similis (67 – 69, Pevek) and G. muscorum (70 – 72, Tuva)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251811/files/figure.png" pageId="16">67–69</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132F2A72FFBEDB6BF3213C301EC5FAC7" box="[374,446,1349,1374]" captionStart="FIGURES 73 – 78" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1119,1142]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1098]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1099]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 73 – 78. SEM microphotographs of the epigyne of Gnaphosa muscorum (73 – 75) and G. similis (76 – 78). 73 – 74, 76 – 77 ventral; 75, 78 dorsal. 73 — from Finland; 74 – 75 — from Tuva; 76 — from Pevek; 77 — from Amur Area; 78 — from Yakutia. Broken white line indicate differences in length of epigynal gland; solid lines display differences in spacing of gland and terminal edge of pocket. Scale = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: Gl— epigynal gland, Po— pocket of Sc, Sc— scape of epigyne." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251812/files/figure.png" pageId="16">76–78</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132F2A72FFBEDB6BF39D3C301D68FAC7" box="[458,531,1349,1374]" captionStart="FIGURES 95 - 96. 95" captionStartId="21.[151,264,765,788]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,306,741]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,303,741]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 95 - 96. 95 — Correlation between femur I length (x axis) and carapace length (y axis) in males of Gnaphosa similis (square: red-brown—Kolyma R. mouth, yellow—Pevek, green—Maritime Province) and G. muscorum (ring: light blue—Finland, dark blue—Tuva, red—Mongolia. 96 — Correlation between femur I length (x axis) and carapace length (y axis) in females of Gnaphosa similis (square: red-brown—Kolyma R. mouth, yellow—Pevek) and G. muscorum (ring: light blue—Tuva, dark blue—Finland, orange—Mongolia)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251816/files/figure.png" pageId="16">95–96</figureCitation>
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, Map 2.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30E657CFFBEDB6BF2C03CF81EEDF9A4" pageId="16" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BAB36F7FFBEDB6BF2C03CF81D21FA5B" blockId="16.[151,1436,1421,1597]" pageId="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0411D9FFBEDB6BF2C03CF81D21FA5B" pageId="16">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBEDB6BF2C03CF81D4CFA3A" ID-CoL="3GL5Q" authority="Kulczynski, 1926: 42" authorityName="Kulczynski" authorityPageNumber="42" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,567,1421,1443]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
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<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF2C03CF81E30FA3A" box="[151,331,1421,1443]" italics="true" pageId="16">Gnaphosa similis</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB510E6FFBEDB6BF3033CF81D4CFA3A" author="Kulczynski" box="[340,567,1421,1443]" page="42" pageId="16" year="1926">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBEDB6BF3033CF81D75FA3A" author="Kulczynski" box="[340,526,1421,1443]" pageId="16" refString="Kulczynski, (1926) Arachnoidea Camtschadalica. Yezhegodnik zoologicheskogo muzeya Akademii Nauk. SSSR, 27, 29 - 72." type="journal article" year="1926">Kulczyński, 1926</bibRefCitation>
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: 42
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 2, figs 6 (♀);
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB510E6FFBEDB6BF0A83CF81B3BFA3A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3509163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3509163" author="Marusik" box="[767,1088,1421,1443]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C35A5331FFD7296E0965A5F45B00FB9D" page="59" pageId="16" year="2000">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBEDB6BF0A83CF81B63FA3A" author="Marusik" box="[767,1048,1421,1443]" pageId="16" refString="Marusik, Y. M. & Koponen, S. (2000) New data on spiders (Aranei) from the Maritime Province. Arthropoda Selecta, 9 (1), 55 - 68." type="journal article" year="2000">Marusik & Koponen 2000</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 59
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 9, 12–13 (♂♀);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB510E6FFBEDB6BF77D3CF81EF6FA5B" author="Marusik" page="40" pageId="16" year="2011">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBEDB6BF77D3CF81E13FA5B" author="Marusik" pageId="16" refString="Marusik, Y. M. & Kovblyuk, M. M. (2011) Spiders of Siberia and Russian Far East. Moscow, KMK Press, 344 pp. [in Russian] Marusik, Y. M. & Logunov, D. V. (1995) Gnaphosid spiders from Tuva and adjacent territories, Russia (Arachnida: Araneae: Gnaphosidae). Beitrage zur Araneologie, 4, 177 - 210." type="book chapter" year="2011">Marusik & Kovblyuk 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 40
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 2.6, 17.21 (♂).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BAB36F7FFBEDB6BF2C03CBE1EEDF9A4" blockId="16.[151,1436,1421,1597]" pageId="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0411D9FFBEDB6BF2C03CBE1EEDF9A4" pageId="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBEDB6BF2C03CBE1DFFFA78" ID-CoL="3GL45" authority="Wesolowska, 1988: 411" authorityName="Wesolowska" authorityPageNumber="411" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,644,1483,1505]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscorum">
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<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF2C03CBE1E0FFA78" box="[151,372,1483,1505]" italics="true" pageId="16">Gnaphosa muscorum</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB510E6FFBEDB6BF3D13CBE1DFFFA78" author="Wesolowska" box="[390,644,1483,1505]" page="411" pageId="16" year="1988">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBEDB6BF3D13CBE1D35FA78" author="Wesolowska" box="[390,590,1483,1505]" pageId="16" refString="Wesolowska, W. (1988) Redescriptions of the A. Grube's East Siberian species of spiders (Aranei) in the collection of the Natural History Museum at Wroclaw. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa, 41, 403 - 413." type="journal article" year="1988">Wesołowska, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 411
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, figs 24–28 (illustrated
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<typeStatus id="54AF8855FFBEDB6BF1DE3CB91CA3FA78" box="[905,984,1484,1505]" pageId="16" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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♂ of
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<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBEDB6BF6743CBE1AEBFA78" authority="Grube, 1861" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1861" box="[1059,1424,1483,1505]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Pterotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adspersa">
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<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF6743CBE1B85FA78" box="[1059,1278,1483,1505]" italics="true" pageId="16">Pterotricha adspersa</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBEDB6BF75E3CBE1AEBFA78" author="Grube" box="[1289,1424,1483,1505]" pageId="16" refString="Grube, A. E. (1861) Beschreibung neuer, von den Herren L. v. Schrenck, Maack, C. v. Ditmar u. a. im Amurlande und in Ostsibirien gesammelter Araneiden. Bulletin de l'Academie imperiale des sciences de St. - Petersbourg, 4, 161 - 180." type="journal article" year="1861">Grube, 1861</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB510E6FFBEDB6BF2903C9C1E9EFA66" author="Ovtsharenko" box="[199,485,1513,1535]" page="42" pageId="16" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBEDB6BF2903C9C1EC4FA66" author="Ovtsharenko" box="[199,447,1513,1535]" pageId="16" refString="Ovtsharenko, V. I., Platnick, N. I. & Song, D. X. (1992) A review of the North Asian ground spiders of the genus Gnaphosa (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 212, 1 - 88." type="book chapter" year="1992">Ovtsharenko et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 42
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 149–150 (♂♀; figs 149–150 refer to
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<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF1CF3C9F1CC0FA66" box="[920,955,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="16">G. s</emphasis>
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||
.);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB510E6FFBEDB6BF18C3C9C1A39FA66" author="Ovtsharenko" box="[987,1346,1513,1535]" page="116" pageId="16" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBEDB6BF18C3C9C1A6BFA66" author="Ovtsharenko" box="[987,1296,1513,1535]" pageId="16" refString="Ovtsharenko, V. I. & Marusik, Y. M. (1996) An additional data on spiders of the family Gnaphosidae (Aranei) of the north-east Asia. Entomologicheskiye Issledovaniya na Severo-Vostoke SSSR, 2, 114 - 130. [In Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1996">Ovtsharenko & Marusik 1996</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 116
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 3, 9, 17 (misidentified, ♂♀);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB510E6FFBEDB6BF3873F7D1DD2F987" author="Namkung" box="[464,681,1544,1566]" page="477" pageId="16" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBEDB6BF3873F7D1D0FF987" author="Namkung" box="[464,628,1544,1566]" pageId="16" refString="Namkung, J. (2002) The spiders of Korea. Kyo-Hak Publishing Co., Seoul, 648 pp." type="book" year="2002">Namkung 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 477
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 37.18a–b (misidentified, ♂♀);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB510E6FFBEDB6BF67E3F7D1A7AF987" author="Namkung" box="[1065,1281,1544,1566]" page="480" pageId="16" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBEDB6BF67E3F7D1BB7F987" author="Namkung" box="[1065,1228,1544,1566]" pageId="16" refString="Namkung, J. (2003) The Spiders of Korea, 2 nd. ed. Kyo-Hak Publishing Co., Seoul, 648 pp." type="book" year="2003">Namkung 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 480
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 37.18a–b (misidentified, ♂♀).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30E657CFFBEDB6AF2C03F1C1D99FEC7" lastPageId="17" pageId="16" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB36F7FFBEDB6BF2C03F1C1AEDF85F" blockId="16.[151,1436,1641,1990]" pageId="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF2C03F1C1E00F91B" bold="true" box="[151,379,1641,1666]" pageId="16">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3037667FFBEDB6BF3DB3F1F1E8FF91B" box="[396,500,1642,1666]" name="Russia" pageId="16">RUSSIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF0563F1C1D1DF91B" bold="true" box="[513,614,1641,1666]" italics="true" pageId="16">Buryatia</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D12FD7EFFBEDB6BF0203F1F1DE7F91B" box="[631,668,1642,1666]" pageId="16" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1♀ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED05AE32FFBEDB6BF0883F1F1C59F91B" box="[735,802,1642,1666]" pageId="16">ISEA</collectionCode>
|
||
), Kyakhta Distr., Chikoi River valley (ca
|
||
<quantity id="4CEC9B12FFBEDB6BF7513F1C1A39F91B" box="[1286,1346,1641,1666]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
SSE of Ust’-Kiran), Khilgantui boundary (50°221N
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE205030FFBEDB6BF0C33FF81C79F93F" box="[660,770,1677,1702]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" precision="925" value="106.85">106°51’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), dry meadows and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBEDB6BF1BD3FF81B59F93F" box="[1002,1058,1677,1702]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF1BD3FF81B59F93F" box="[1002,1058,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="16">Salix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stands, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CEC9B12FFBEDB6BF6FF3FFB1B88F93C" box="[1192,1267,1678,1702]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="16" unit="m" value="920.0">920 m</quantity>
|
||
, summer 1991 (D.V. Logunov);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D12FD7EFFBEDB6BF30C3FC71E05F953" box="[347,382,1714,1738]" pageId="16" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED05AE32FFBEDB6BF3D83FC71E9FF953" box="[399,484,1714,1738]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9aq9-rt4h" name="University of Tokyo, Department of Zoology" pageId="16">ZMUT</collectionCode>
|
||
), Djirga,
|
||
<date id="FFAA1037FFBEDB6BF0063FC41DB6F953" box="[593,717,1713,1738]" pageId="16" value="1996-11-07">11.07.1996</date>
|
||
(S. Koponen).
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF1283FC41CACF953" bold="true" box="[895,983,1713,1738]" italics="true" pageId="16">Yakutia</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D12FD7EFFBEDB6BF1BF3FC41B77F953" box="[1000,1036,1713,1738]" pageId="16" type="generic">5♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 5♀ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED05AE32FFBEDB6BF6183FC71BEFF953" box="[1103,1172,1714,1738]" pageId="16">IBPN</collectionCode>
|
||
), Kolyma River mouth from 68°40’ to
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE205030FFBEDB6BF31B3FA01ED4F977" box="[332,431,1749,1774]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" precision="925" value="69.25">69°15’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAA1037FFBEDB6BF3EB3FA01D15F977" box="[444,622,1749,1774]" pageId="16" value="1999-06" valueMax="1999-07-31" valueMin="1999-06-00">June–July 1999</date>
|
||
(A. Alfimov).
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF14A3FA01CF0F977" bold="true" box="[797,907,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="16">Magadan</emphasis>
|
||
Area: 4♀ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED05AE32FFBEDB6BF6463FA31B2DF977" box="[1041,1110,1750,1774]" pageId="16">IBPN</collectionCode>
|
||
), env. of Magadan, Klyopka Vil.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE205030FFBEDB6BF2863F8C1E4FF88B" box="[209,308,1785,1810]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" precision="925" value="59.75">59°45’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE205030FFBEDB6BF3153F8C1ECBF88B" box="[322,432,1785,1810]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" precision="925" value="151.5">151°30’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAA1037FFBEDB6BF3E83F8F1D29F88B" box="[447,594,1786,1810]" pageId="16" value="1994-08">August 1994</date>
|
||
(N.N. Shumadbayeva);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D12FD7EFFBEDB6BF13C3F8C1CE4F88B" box="[875,927,1785,1810]" pageId="16" type="generic">95♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 70♀ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED05AE32FFBEDB6BF1A73F8F1B4EF88B" box="[1008,1077,1786,1810]" pageId="16">IBPN</collectionCode>
|
||
), Kolyma River upper reaches, “Aborigen” Field Station, ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE205030FFBEDB6BF3A73E681D2BF8AF" box="[496,592,1821,1846]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" precision="925" value="61.966667">61°58’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE205030FFBEDB6BF00A3E6B1DB0F8AF" box="[605,715,1822,1846]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" precision="925" value="149.66667">149°40’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAA1037FFBEDB6BF08A3E681C20F8AF" box="[733,859,1821,1846]" pageId="16" value="1985" valueMax="1986">1985–1986</date>
|
||
(Y.M. Marusik).
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF6673E681BD9F8AF" bold="true" box="[1072,1186,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="16">Chukotka</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D12FD7EFFBEDB6BF6E13E6B1B92F8AF" box="[1206,1257,1822,1846]" pageId="16" type="generic">12♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 7♀ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED05AE32FFBEDB6BF7643E6B1AEBF8AF" box="[1331,1424,1822,1846]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="16">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||
), Pevek,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE205030FFBEDB6BF2BA3E341E35F8C3" box="[237,334,1857,1882]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" precision="925" value="69.683334">69°41’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE205030FFBEDB6BF30F3E371EBDF8C3" box="[344,454,1858,1882]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" precision="925" value="170.4">170°24’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Summer 2011 (O. Khrulyova).
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF1143E341CFCF8C3" bold="true" box="[835,903,1857,1882]" italics="true" pageId="16">Amur</emphasis>
|
||
Area: 1♀ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED05AE32FFBEDB6BF6583E371B17F8C3" box="[1039,1132,1858,1882]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="16">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||
), Selemdzhinskiy District, Norskiy Reserve, Nora River below Maltsevskiy cordon, leaf litter under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBEDB6BF19A3E101B7EF8E7" box="[973,1029,1893,1918]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF19A3E101B7EF8E7" box="[973,1029,1893,1918]" italics="true" pageId="16">Salix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBEDB6BF6383E101BD4F8E7" box="[1135,1199,1893,1918]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF6383E101BD4F8E7" box="[1135,1199,1893,1918]" italics="true" pageId="16">Alnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. on narrow, partly submerged, split between the river and the lake,
|
||
<date id="FFAA1037FFBEDB6BF09F3EFC1C3DF83B" box="[712,838,1929,1954]" pageId="16" value="2005-10-06">10.06.2005</date>
|
||
(E.M. Veselova, A.B. Ryvkin).
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBEDB6BF6EE3EFC1A5FF83B" bold="true" box="[1209,1316,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="16">Maritime</emphasis>
|
||
Prov.:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D12FD7EFFBEDB6BF72E3EFC1AE7F83B" box="[1401,1436,1929,1954]" pageId="16" type="generic">5♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED05AE32FFBEDB6BF2C83EDB1F9FF85F" box="[159,228,1966,1990]" pageId="16">IBPN</collectionCode>
|
||
), Sikhote-Alinsky Reserve, Blagodatnoe kordon,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE205030FFBEDB6BF15A3ED81CEDF85F" box="[781,918,1965,1990]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" precision="15" value="44.92917">44°55’45”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE205030FFBEDB6BF1CB3ED81B49F85F" box="[924,1074,1965,1990]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" precision="15" value="136.54333">136°32’36”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 7–
|
||
<date id="FFAA1037FFBEDB6BF60E3EDB1BA3F85F" box="[1113,1240,1966,1990]" pageId="16" value="1999-12-07">12.07.1999</date>
|
||
(Yu. Sundukov).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB36F7FFBFDB6AF29039E21D99FEC7" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1251]" pageId="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF29039E21E71FF29" bold="true" box="[199,266,151,176]" pageId="17">Notes</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBFDB6AF34B39E21EC2FF29" author="Grube" box="[284,441,151,176]" pageId="17" refString="Grube, A. E. (1861) Beschreibung neuer, von den Herren L. v. Schrenck, Maack, C. v. Ditmar u. a. im Amurlande und in Ostsibirien gesammelter Araneiden. Bulletin de l'Academie imperiale des sciences de St. - Petersbourg, 4, 161 - 180." type="journal article" year="1861">Grube (1861)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF06B39EC1C68FF29" box="[572,787,151,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Drassus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adspersus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF06B39EC1C68FF29" box="[572,787,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="17">Drassus adspersus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AF8855FFBFDB6AF18B39ED1B45FF29" box="[988,1086,152,176]" pageId="17" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
from Yakutia and Cisamuria.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBFDB6AF2C039CF1E0EFF4A" author="Wesolowska" box="[151,373,186,211]" pageId="17" refString="Wesolowska, W. (1988) Redescriptions of the A. Grube's East Siberian species of spiders (Aranei) in the collection of the Natural History Museum at Wroclaw. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa, 41, 403 - 413." type="journal article" year="1988">Wesołowska (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescribed a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AF8855FFBFDB6AF04039CE1D15FF4A" box="[535,622,187,211]" pageId="17" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
male and considered it as a senior synonym of
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF6D739CE1A74FF4A" box="[1152,1295,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. m u s c o r u m</emphasis>
|
||
. Because of the lack of usage, the senior name was suppressed. To us, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AF8855FFBFDB6AF11839AB1CDDFF6F" box="[847,934,222,246]" pageId="17" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF65D39AB1BA6FF6F" box="[1034,1245,221,246]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Drassus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adspersus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF65D39AB1BA6FF6F" box="[1034,1245,221,246]" italics="true" pageId="17">Drassus adspersus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
actually belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF2E338751E60FE81" box="[180,283,255,280]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF2E338751E60FE81" box="[180,283,255,280]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBFDB6AF37E398A1D3CFE81" box="[297,583,255,280]" pageId="17" refString="Ovtsharenko, V. I., Platnick, N. I. & Song, D. X. (1992) A review of the North Asian ground spiders of the genus Gnaphosa (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 212, 1 - 88." type="book chapter">Ovtsharenko et al. (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found that
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AF8855FFBFDB6AF09F38751C64FE81" box="[712,799,256,280]" pageId="17" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
females belonged to two different species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF75238751A17FE81" box="[1285,1388,255,280]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF75238751A17FE81" box="[1285,1388,255,280]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF2C038561E44FEA2" box="[151,319,290,315]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kompirensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF2C038561E44FEA2" box="[151,319,290,315]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. kompirensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A specimen conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF0FA38561C2EFEA2" box="[685,853,290,315]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kompirensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF0FA38561C2EFEA2" box="[685,853,290,315]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. kompirensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was chosen as a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AF8855FFBFDB6AF67D38571BEFFEA2" box="[1066,1172,290,315]" pageId="17" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, and the species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF2C038301E7CFEC7" box="[151,263,325,350]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Drassus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adspersus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF2C038301E7CFEC7" box="[151,263,325,350]" italics="true" pageId="17">adspersus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was suppressed again “for lack of usage”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30E657CFFBFDB6AF29038121A6CFE5C" pageId="17" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB36F7FFBFDB6AF29038121A6CFE5C" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1251]" pageId="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF29038121EF1FE19" ID-CoL="3GL5Q" box="[199,394,359,384]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF29038121EF1FE19" box="[199,394,359,384]" italics="true" pageId="17">Gnaphosa similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described on the basis of a single female from Kamchatka Peninsula.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBFDB6AF69C38121AE7FE19" author="Kulczynski" box="[1227,1436,359,384]" pageId="17" refString="Kulczynski, (1926) Arachnoidea Camtschadalica. Yezhegodnik zoologicheskogo muzeya Akademii Nauk. SSSR, 27, 29 - 72." type="journal article" year="1926">Kulczyński (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
compared details
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF30C38FE1EB9FE3A" ID-CoL="3GL5Q" box="[347,450,394,419]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF30C38FE1EB9FE3A" box="[347,450,394,419]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF3AF38FE1DF0FE3A" ID-CoL="3GL45" box="[504,651,395,419]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF3AF38FE1DF0FE3A" box="[504,651,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. muscorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to support the validity of his species. Two names,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF6EB38FE1A34FE3A" ID-CoL="3GL45" box="[1212,1359,395,419]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF6EB38FE1A34FE3A" box="[1212,1359,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. muscorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF7D338FE1F9BFE5F" ID-CoL="3GL5Q" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF7D338FE1F9BFE5F" italics="true" pageId="17">G. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, were synonymised by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBFDB6AF3BE38D81C7CFE5F" box="[489,775,429,454]" pageId="17" refString="Ovtsharenko, V. I., Platnick, N. I. & Song, D. X. (1992) A review of the North Asian ground spiders of the genus Gnaphosa (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 212, 1 - 88." type="book chapter">Ovtsharenko et al. (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
after examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AF8855FFBFDB6AF67638D81BF8FE5F" box="[1057,1155,429,454]" pageId="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF6FE38DB1A6BFE5F" ID-CoL="3GL5Q" box="[1193,1296,429,454]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF6FE38DB1A6BFE5F" box="[1193,1296,429,454]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30E657CFFBFDB6AF29038BA1C1CFCFC" pageId="17" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB36F7FFBFDB6AF29038BA1C1CFCFC" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1251]" pageId="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF29038BA1E33FE71" bold="true" box="[199,328,463,488]" pageId="17">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
. While studying of Siberian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF0F138BA1C62FE71" box="[678,793,463,488]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF0F138BA1C62FE71" box="[678,793,463,488]" italics="true" pageId="17">Gnaphosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the senior author recognised small differences in the position and shape of the spur (
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF3A838861D60FD93" box="[511,539,499,522]" italics="true" pageId="17">Sp</emphasis>
|
||
) located on the base of the embolus. The spur had two different modifications (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F2A72FFBFDB6AF2903B601E13FDB7" box="[199,360,533,558]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 – 66" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,179,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[157,1442,179,1937]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 57 – 66. Copulatory organs of Gnaphosa similis (57 – 62) and G. m u s c o r u m (63 – 66). 57, 63 male palp, ventral; 58, 64 — basal half of palpal organ, ventral; 59, 61, 65 epigyne, ventral; 60, 62, 66 epigyne dorsal. Scale = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: Id— insemination duct, Mp pocket of lateral margin, Ps— subdivided pocket of septum, Sp— spur of embolus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251810/files/figure.png" pageId="17">Figs 58 & 64</figureCitation>
|
||
). Study of many specimens (over
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D12FD7EFFBFDB6AF0AF3B631C14FDB7" box="[760,879,533,558]" pageId="17" type="male">200 males</specimenCount>
|
||
) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF1F43B601B6DFDB7" box="[931,1046,533,558]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF1F43B601B6DFDB7" box="[931,1046,533,558]" italics="true" pageId="17">Gnaphosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
thought to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF6933B631A20FDB4" box="[1220,1371,534,557]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF6933B631BAEFDB4" box="[1220,1237,534,557]" italics="true" pageId="17">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF6B13B631A20FDB4" box="[1254,1371,534,557]" italics="true" pageId="17">muscorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from various parts of the Magadan Area, Chukotka and Maritime Province reveals no variation in shape and position of the spur. Examination of all available specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3037667FFBFDB6AF1763B2F1C02FDEA" box="[801,889,602,627]" name="Finland" pageId="17">Finland</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Middle Siberia, Tuva, Western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3037667FFBFDB6AF6AC3B2F1A13FDEA" box="[1275,1384,602,627]" name="Mongolia" pageId="17">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Yukon Territory also revealed lack of variation, but a different
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AF8855FFBFDB6AF1343B0B1CE8FD0F" box="[867,915,638,662]" pageId="17">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of spur. Only in Eastern Buryatia were males found with both
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AF8855FFBFDB6AF30F3BD51EE8FD21" box="[344,403,672,696]" pageId="17">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of spurs. However, males having different spurs have been found exclusively in different habitats, and never together (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBFDB6AF3B53BB61C68FD42" author="Logunov" box="[482,787,706,731]" pageId="17" refString="Logunov, D. V. & Marusik, Y. M. (2004) Order Araneae - spiders. Biodiversity of the Sokhondo Nature Reserve. Arthropoda. Novosibirsk-Chita, 416 pp. [pp. 41 - 80] [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="2004">Logunov & Marusik 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Differences in comparative figures and brief arguments were provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBFDB6AF33E3B901DD6FD67" author="Marusik" box="[361,685,741,766]" pageId="17" refString="Marusik, Y. M. & Koponen, S. (2000) New data on spiders (Aranei) from the Maritime Province. Arthropoda Selecta, 9 (1), 55 - 68." type="journal article" year="2000">Marusik & Koponen (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Arguments and figures provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBFDB6AF60C3B901AE7FD67" author="Marusik" box="[1115,1436,741,766]" pageId="17" refString="Marusik, Y. M. & Koponen, S. (2000) New data on spiders (Aranei) from the Maritime Province. Arthropoda Selecta, 9 (1), 55 - 68." type="journal article" year="2000">Marusik & Koponen (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were not accepted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBFDB6AF3D83A721D3AFCB9" author="Platnick" box="[399,577,775,800]" pageId="17" refString="Platnick, N. I. (2014) The World Spider Catalog, Version 14.5 American Museum of Natural History. Available from: http: // research. amnh. org / entomology / spiders / catalog / index. html (Accessed 28 May 2014)" type="journal article" year="2014">Platnick (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Therefore we provide more data in support of the independence of the two species. We regard
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF3213A5F1D85FCDA" authority="Schenkel, 1963" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityYear="1963" box="[374,766,810,835]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lesserti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF3213A5F1D38FCDA" box="[374,579,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="17">Gnaphosa lesserti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF854B06FFBFDB6AF01B3A5F1D85FCDA" author="Schenkel" box="[588,766,810,835]" pageId="17" refString="Schenkel, E. (1963) Ostasiatische Spinnen aus dem Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Memoires Du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 25, 1 - 481." type="journal article" year="1963">Schenkel, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was described from a female from Inner
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3037667FFBFDB6AF7783A5F1AE7FCDA" box="[1327,1436,810,835]" name="Mongolia" pageId="17">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and synonymised with
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF3CD3A3B1D51FCFC" box="[410,554,846,869]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. m u s c o r u m</emphasis>
|
||
, as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF0AE3A3B1C1BFCFF" box="[761,864,845,870]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF0AE3A3B1C1BFCFF" box="[761,864,845,870]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30E657CFFBFDB6AF2903A1A1B55FB07" pageId="17" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB36F7FFBFDB6AF2903A1A1B55FB07" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1251]" pageId="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF2903A1A1E41FC11" bold="true" box="[199,314,879,904]" pageId="17">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Besides distinct differences in spur location, shape and direction (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F2A72FFBFDB6AF6363A1A1A43FC11" box="[1121,1336,879,904]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 – 66" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,179,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[157,1442,179,1937]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 57 – 66. Copulatory organs of Gnaphosa similis (57 – 62) and G. m u s c o r u m (63 – 66). 57, 63 male palp, ventral; 58, 64 — basal half of palpal organ, ventral; 59, 61, 65 epigyne, ventral; 60, 62, 66 epigyne dorsal. Scale = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: Id— insemination duct, Mp pocket of lateral margin, Ps— subdivided pocket of septum, Sp— spur of embolus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251810/files/figure.png" pageId="17">Figs 57–58, 63–64</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F2A72FFBFDB6AF7113A1A1AEBFC11" box="[1350,1424,879,904]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 72" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1757,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1737]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 72. SEM microphotographs of the bulbus of Gnaphosa similis (67 – 69, Pevek) and G. muscorum (70 – 72, Tuva)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251811/files/figure.png" pageId="17">67–72</figureCitation>
|
||
), females differ in the width of the scape and its pocket (wider in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF1243AE61B73FC32" box="[883,1032,915,939]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF1243AE61B73FC32" box="[883,1032,915,939]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. muscorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the scape is always concave in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF7D33AE61E77FC54" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF7D33AE61E77FC54" italics="true" pageId="17">G. muscorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
displaying pocket as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F2A72FFBFDB6AF07F3AC01DFBFC57" box="[552,640,949,974]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 – 66" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,179,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[157,1442,179,1937]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 57 – 66. Copulatory organs of Gnaphosa similis (57 – 62) and G. m u s c o r u m (63 – 66). 57, 63 male palp, ventral; 58, 64 — basal half of palpal organ, ventral; 59, 61, 65 epigyne, ventral; 60, 62, 66 epigyne dorsal. Scale = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: Id— insemination duct, Mp pocket of lateral margin, Ps— subdivided pocket of septum, Sp— spur of embolus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251810/files/figure.png" pageId="17">Figs 65</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F2A72FFBFDB6AF0D83AC31DACFC57" box="[655,727,950,974]" captionStart="FIGURES 73 – 78" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1119,1142]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1098]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1099]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 73 – 78. SEM microphotographs of the epigyne of Gnaphosa muscorum (73 – 75) and G. similis (76 – 78). 73 – 74, 76 – 77 ventral; 75, 78 dorsal. 73 — from Finland; 74 – 75 — from Tuva; 76 — from Pevek; 77 — from Amur Area; 78 — from Yakutia. Broken white line indicate differences in length of epigynal gland; solid lines display differences in spacing of gland and terminal edge of pocket. Scale = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: Gl— epigynal gland, Po— pocket of Sc, Sc— scape of epigyne." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251812/files/figure.png" pageId="17">73, 74</figureCitation>
|
||
(seldom concave and pocket never visible in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF6BB3AC31A2DFC57" box="[1260,1366,949,974]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF6BB3AC31A2DFC57" box="[1260,1366,949,974]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The pocket of the scape in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF3D93AAD1E8EFC69" box="[398,501,983,1008]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF3D93AAD1E8EFC69" box="[398,501,983,1008]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is subdivided in the upper part (
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF10B3AAC1C03FC69" box="[860,888,985,1008]" italics="true" pageId="17">Ps</emphasis>
|
||
), while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF1B83AAD1BF9FC69" box="[1007,1154,984,1008]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF1B83AAD1BF9FC69" box="[1007,1154,984,1008]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. muscorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is solid. Females differ also in the shape of that receptacles, which are spread more horizontally in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF1A63A8E1B21FB8A" box="[1009,1114,1018,1043]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF1A63A8E1B21FB8A" box="[1009,1114,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF6EE3A8E1A31FB8A" box="[1209,1354,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. m u s c o r u m</emphasis>
|
||
and in the position of the glands of the receptacles: reaching scape in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF10D3D6B1C95FBAC" box="[858,1006,1054,1077]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF10D3D6B1C95FBAC" box="[858,1006,1054,1077]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. muscorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and lower than scape in
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF7513D6B1A04FBAC" box="[1286,1407,1053,1078]" italics="true" pageId="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF7513D6B1A15FBAF" box="[1286,1390,1053,1078]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">G. similis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F2A72FFBFDB6AF2C03D4A1EEBFBC1" box="[151,400,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 – 66" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,179,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[157,1442,179,1937]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 57 – 66. Copulatory organs of Gnaphosa similis (57 – 62) and G. m u s c o r u m (63 – 66). 57, 63 male palp, ventral; 58, 64 — basal half of palpal organ, ventral; 59, 61, 65 epigyne, ventral; 60, 62, 66 epigyne dorsal. Scale = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: Id— insemination duct, Mp pocket of lateral margin, Ps— subdivided pocket of septum, Sp— spur of embolus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251810/files/figure.png" pageId="17">Figs 59–62 and 65 66</figureCitation>
|
||
, or 75 and 78). Endogynes differ in relative length of glands and copulatory ducts (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F2A72FFBFDB6AF73B3D4A1E43FBE2" captionStart="FIGURES 57 – 66" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,179,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[157,1442,179,1937]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 57 – 66. Copulatory organs of Gnaphosa similis (57 – 62) and G. m u s c o r u m (63 – 66). 57, 63 male palp, ventral; 58, 64 — basal half of palpal organ, ventral; 59, 61, 65 epigyne, ventral; 60, 62, 66 epigyne dorsal. Scale = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: Id— insemination duct, Mp pocket of lateral margin, Ps— subdivided pocket of septum, Sp— spur of embolus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251810/files/figure.png" pageId="17">Figs 60, 62 and 66</figureCitation>
|
||
), ducts are longer in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF07B3D161DEDFBE2" box="[556,662,1122,1147]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF07B3D161DEDFBE2" box="[556,662,1122,1147]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and glands are longer in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF1EA3D161B29FBE2" box="[957,1106,1123,1147]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF1EA3D161B29FBE2" box="[957,1106,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. muscorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Two sibling species vary in size, but despite an overlap,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C144D74FFBFDB6AF3823DF31D46FB07" box="[469,573,1157,1182]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Gnaphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF3823DF31D46FB07" box="[469,573,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="17">G. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
generally has longer carapace (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F2A72FFBFDB6AF1C93DF01B5AFB07" box="[926,1057,1157,1182]" captionStart="FIGURES 95 - 96. 95" captionStartId="21.[151,264,765,788]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,306,741]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,303,741]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 95 - 96. 95 — Correlation between femur I length (x axis) and carapace length (y axis) in males of Gnaphosa similis (square: red-brown—Kolyma R. mouth, yellow—Pevek, green—Maritime Province) and G. muscorum (ring: light blue—Finland, dark blue—Tuva, red—Mongolia. 96 — Correlation between femur I length (x axis) and carapace length (y axis) in females of Gnaphosa similis (square: red-brown—Kolyma R. mouth, yellow—Pevek) and G. muscorum (ring: light blue—Tuva, dark blue—Finland, orange—Mongolia)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251816/files/figure.png" pageId="17">Figs 95, 96</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30E657CFFBFDB6AF2903DD21EAEFB7A" pageId="17" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB36F7FFBFDB6AF2903DD21EAEFB7A" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1251]" pageId="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B960EAE5FFBFDB6AF2903DD21E22FB59" bold="true" box="[199,345,1191,1216]" pageId="17">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. The species is restricted to Far East Palaearctic and occurs in Transbaikalia, Yakutia, and from Chukotka to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3037667FFBFDB6AF3703DBE1E10FB7B" box="[295,363,1227,1250]" name="South Korea" pageId="17">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Map 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |