195 lines
27 KiB
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195 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="8441" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7f0a1826-ba89-4ecb-adbb-275211293c87" ID-PMC="PMC7878468" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1015-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="AF1641758561525C8D40BBF3F895FA8A" ID-PubMed="33613041" ID-ZooBank="F6BD92139DB74564AA003C61B2F43B2D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1015-1" checkinTime="1612497320802" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Abe, Hirokazu & Sato-Okoshi, Waka" docDate="2021" docId="538BB56EFE4F54418877463B01FBB22D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1015: 1-86" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1015" docPubDate="2021-02-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387" docTitle="Polydora brevipalpa Zachs 1933" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="AF1641758561525C8D40BBF3F895FA8A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="AF1641758561525C8D40BBF3F895FA8A" masterDocTitle="Molecular identification and larval morphology of spionid polychaetes (Annelida, Spionidae) from northeastern Japan" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732648737807" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E695811EC5FD29017DEDEF85385FD9E8">
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<mods:title id="A1CDBC169A9764F731E083FF920C37E5">Molecular identification and larval morphology of spionid polychaetes (Annelida, Spionidae) from northeastern Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2D5FA165B6CA789017EA6D1352590C06" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E51E149FABE96DF86F1F9032EFA9A594">Abe, Hirokazu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F8ECC9AE1C6B79B53DD2DB20FED9820C" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7753-9368</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C3722C99FEA592DBF5CFF139D66FFE4A">Department of Biology, Center for Liberal Arts & Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1 - 1 - 1, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028 - 3694, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9F79B77EED76D766A174C61F32E40EB3" type="email">habe@iwate-med.ac.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="516DE9BCD480D0BBDB0FB463BAFE5548">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="222833A8D7E4F6421DD571E2EE159244">Sato-Okoshi, Waka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CC510FB30FCCABEF66CD787EDDBEBDDB">Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 468 - 1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980 - 8572, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="ECC963A227A833028CF40B7270788A6A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="58692A538B1D9694D8115CE677C3ED89">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EB546481887B2A10D2110EB8E591A543">
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<mods:date id="FDFC48CD1FB964F3926EB73E3641149A">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9043E969F16998DD11D6C1D369ACFCD9">2021-02-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AEA0C374767F09BFF671D16BC2E58361">1015</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="32DE52B441B9975E826B538221CEB3F4">1</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="B3D4E57B60C1F79731772992BF573478">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="168C67D5B3851D24932A1F72EA64D876">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4E2B1B2886B2FFE60440654C0BBD93F9" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7ADA212579A40EE4744F903D471E7181" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1015-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="EFD2529114B74ED50DF19F9719F6EACD" type="ZooBank">F6BD92139DB74564AA003C61B2F43B2D</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="538BB56EFE4F54418877463B01FBB22D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177212526" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:538BB56EFE4F54418877463B01FBB22D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/538BB56EFE4F54418877463B01FBB22D" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Spionidae" scope_phylum="Annelida" scope_subFamily="Spioninae">
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<subSubSection id="878BCE3EB11230F48495E86343FCEE2C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B77FBC6E5F0932433C82F479BC27AB16" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="73F533B4127AF51328883A16F2014912" ID-CoL="4L62T" LSID="538BB56E-FE4F-5441-8877-463B01FBB22D" authority="Zachs, 1933" authorityName="Zachs" authorityYear="1933" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora brevipalpa" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brevipalpa">Polydora brevipalpa Zachs, 1933</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="1B749AD01C15D56F26EB4E3618C6496C" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 8. Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of the genus Polydora A, B Polydora brevipalpa, dorsal view of 15 - chaetiger (A) and 17 - chaetiger larvae (B) C, D Polydora cornuta, dorsolateral view of 11 - chaetiger larva (C) and ventral view of 17 - chaetiger larva (D) E Polydora cf. glycymerica, dorsal view of 25 - chaetiger larva F Polydora hoplura, dorsal view of 15 - chaetiger larva G-I Polydora onagawaensis, dorsal view of 10 - chaetiger (G) and 18 - chaetiger larvae (H), and lateral view of 16 - chaetiger larva (I) J Polydora cf. spongicola, dorsal view of 17 - chaetiger larva K, L Polydora sp. 1, dorsal view of 7 - chaetiger (K) and 16 - chaetiger larvae (L) M Polydora sp. 2, dorsal view of 23 - chaetiger larva N-P Polydora sp. 3, dorsal view of 13 - chaetiger (N) and dorsal (O) and lateral view (P) of 18 - chaetiger larvae. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505195" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 8A, B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B041B20343D4EF827E97E6C213F2DE7E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larval morphology">
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<paragraph id="58E298AC04FFA87AE9A5F778266B54FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larval morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BC88F2F18DFB104B59FA4F6923255701" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Overall shape slender and slightly fusiform. Prostomium broad and rounded anteriorly. Three pairs of black eyes present, innermost pair rounded, lateral pairs double-eyes, ramified melanophore between innermost and lateral two pairs of eyes usually present. Black pigment on lateral peristomium absent. Dorsal pigmentation consists of two rows of melanophores from chaetiger III. Dorsal melanophores undergo expansion and contraction, may expand to branching melanophores or ramified appearance or covered almost whole of dorsal surface by very finely ramified black pigments (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="911B62C908F220DA41B1E816984EB637" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 8. Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of the genus Polydora A, B Polydora brevipalpa, dorsal view of 15 - chaetiger (A) and 17 - chaetiger larvae (B) C, D Polydora cornuta, dorsolateral view of 11 - chaetiger larva (C) and ventral view of 17 - chaetiger larva (D) E Polydora cf. glycymerica, dorsal view of 25 - chaetiger larva F Polydora hoplura, dorsal view of 15 - chaetiger larva G-I Polydora onagawaensis, dorsal view of 10 - chaetiger (G) and 18 - chaetiger larvae (H), and lateral view of 16 - chaetiger larva (I) J Polydora cf. spongicola, dorsal view of 17 - chaetiger larva K, L Polydora sp. 1, dorsal view of 7 - chaetiger (K) and 16 - chaetiger larvae (L) M Polydora sp. 2, dorsal view of 23 - chaetiger larva N-P Polydora sp. 3, dorsal view of 13 - chaetiger (N) and dorsal (O) and lateral view (P) of 18 - chaetiger larvae. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505195" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8B</figureCitation>
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), or they contract to dot-like pigmentation patches (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="0DFDA1A434720B6299A76C15EB638DF2" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 8. Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of the genus Polydora A, B Polydora brevipalpa, dorsal view of 15 - chaetiger (A) and 17 - chaetiger larvae (B) C, D Polydora cornuta, dorsolateral view of 11 - chaetiger larva (C) and ventral view of 17 - chaetiger larva (D) E Polydora cf. glycymerica, dorsal view of 25 - chaetiger larva F Polydora hoplura, dorsal view of 15 - chaetiger larva G-I Polydora onagawaensis, dorsal view of 10 - chaetiger (G) and 18 - chaetiger larvae (H), and lateral view of 16 - chaetiger larva (I) J Polydora cf. spongicola, dorsal view of 17 - chaetiger larva K, L Polydora sp. 1, dorsal view of 7 - chaetiger (K) and 16 - chaetiger larvae (L) M Polydora sp. 2, dorsal view of 23 - chaetiger larva N-P Polydora sp. 3, dorsal view of 13 - chaetiger (N) and dorsal (O) and lateral view (P) of 18 - chaetiger larvae. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505195" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8A</figureCitation>
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). Lateral and ventral pigments absent. Vestibule and pharynx pigmented with black, gut pigmented with orange color. Modified chaetae develop on chaetiger V in late larvae. Gastrotrochs occur on chaetigers III, V, VII, X, XIII, XV, and XVII.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="7A95AA08B433079362BCE105AAA2D9BC" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505195" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 8" startId="F9">
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<paragraph id="A7DAC4468732A4970134924B7E59DC48" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="9D8EBF192D7FB7E393F6B6A17BF14AB0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 8.</emphasis>
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Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="815B9E4FA57523ACA5C09C66BE2D53DF" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1802" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="1DE3E769F52B83399C2CC7A69A0F4277" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="3A5F61758E3613E95F3191852FA503DE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="5D2012257F71A6A9BE0352C676CE43F8" authorityName="Zachs" authorityYear="1933" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora brevipalpa" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brevipalpa">
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<emphasis id="DECC99215352600F73DCB1A07E8B7135" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora brevipalpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, dorsal view of 15-chaetiger (
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<emphasis id="DACF08DA33CB3B9CC9AD7B51E0CF0F4C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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) and 17-chaetiger larvae (
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<emphasis id="D31CC50A301C5E45C61A6B3DF3AE5925" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="E051ACA3138EDDAA7AA27CD9280B2876" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="200B2EDF81DECF127D44D746B4AFFBC6" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1802" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora cornuta" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cornuta">
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<emphasis id="C251F0941B4FE025533D19E5EB202663" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora cornuta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, dorsolateral view of 11-chaetiger larva (
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<emphasis id="19245679EBB0FF8769556839638109CC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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) and ventral view of 17-chaetiger larva (
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<emphasis id="66743CBA931952F91D5B5A6D21594A8C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="8BE9D90C9F729895963A4CFF80022105" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="AB88CCB9B83767DC3D1705F8D8199B3C" authorityName="Radashevsky" authorityYear="1993" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora glycymerica" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glycymerica">Polydora cf. glycymerica</taxonomicName>
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, dorsal view of 25-chaetiger larva
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<emphasis id="6DCCDD9E455B4FDB7DA67E5B7246C952" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="45788573F2A380B186E6ABCAF2534F9E" authorityName="Claparede" authorityYear="1868" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora hoplura" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hoplura">
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<emphasis id="2CADA1BCB5ADFEEB47D4A0C70572EE7E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora hoplura</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, dorsal view of 15-chaetiger larva
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<emphasis id="84E59AFD0CAB94D6DF95525919AE284E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G-I</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="F96CA67C2F1FB2BE299C190587A7F96E" authorityName="Teramoto, Sato-Okoshi, Abe, Nishitani & Endo" authorityYear="2013" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora onagawaensis" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="onagawaensis">
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<emphasis id="6936AABCE802E485EAFBB7FF2EFF268F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora onagawaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, dorsal view of 10-chaetiger (
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<emphasis id="2AFAD1B5E95F23734CA778A627205DFB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
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) and 18-chaetiger larvae (
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<emphasis id="6B544AB419AD921CCB08FF878022B42F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
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), and lateral view of 16-chaetiger larva (
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<emphasis id="B95A26EE02C9AB330109526578AEEA09" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="2C11A8804D35316612A6A9C5AEDD4643" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="F1AE824B385822E44B4DCA9CE1C2394B" authorityName="Berkley & Berkeley" authorityYear="1950" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora spongicola" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="spongicola">Polydora cf. spongicola</taxonomicName>
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, dorsal view of 17-chaetiger larva
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<emphasis id="61CE4CB670EDAB7EC8E3A0E8EF216771" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K, L</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="9D56DB399E5177B569EF4870D4EA2264" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1802" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C2D85A8216E12D2F0DA4494C3A8F4570" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 1, dorsal view of 7-chaetiger (
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<emphasis id="BE2C7B7C20547FF64D5994E6532B74DA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
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) and 16-chaetiger larvae (
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<emphasis id="635F11B103C90F68029432F0B46E911F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="62C9A97A3362EA52B401C311C260D736" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="75BFEE73D0D744E367092F6134F31E62" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1802" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="8289D478D90601BF375A5DCEA72DF105" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 2, dorsal view of 23-chaetiger larva
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<emphasis id="E5980CFD06CD777967B03351148151AE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N-P</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="5E6E9EC40AACB98C881D6ABAD32F0541" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1802" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B64A26AE8C30EC2AA40867AD3400887C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 3, dorsal view of 13-chaetiger (
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<emphasis id="DA3AD4E4639F256D122321FADE126201" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
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) and dorsal (
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<emphasis id="2E70BDA9062B411E0ACE2E5F7E30D5BE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
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) and lateral view (
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<emphasis id="1CD34BEEC9CFC1C1E0F7EE0B3DB04404" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
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) of 18-chaetiger larvae. Scale bars: 300
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<normalizedToken id="BF4BE190B31CC8406824F5A08ADCD233" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0E83F7E4CBF80031A72C4E8DC028E841" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="70A22489977B1A3D92D4AF7A9190188C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EBBD9D0740F150AB55325ACE890EFF1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Adults of this species are boring and were collected from shells of cultured
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<taxonomicName id="9B2DC816E7983865D37F9BA28FD43586" lsidName="M. yessoensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="yessoensis">
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<emphasis id="390CD1C3E8DEC0A6B7A0814253DE6479" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. yessoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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scallops suspended in Onagawa Bay in February 2011 and Mutsu Bay in October 2011. This species was identified as
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<taxonomicName id="4B0C2C36EAD13C4E3FB93B76B993ABB2" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. brevipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brevipalpa">
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<emphasis id="6082A77000F1C48ABC313A4C883136A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brevipalpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as adult morphology agrees with the descriptions by
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<bibRefCitation id="54B3077C3E7403B5DA39E331E8A808AE" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315498001003" author="Sato-Okoshi, W" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="831 - 848" refId="B180" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W, 1999. Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Japan, with descriptions of morphology, ecology and burrow structure. 1. Boring species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 79: 831 - 848, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315498001003" title="Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Japan, with descriptions of morphology, ecology and burrow structure. 1. Boring species." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315498001003" volume="79" year="1999">Sato-Okoshi (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="CE2A3CE0264B89E3F89685ED8621B045" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.08.046" author="Sato-Okoshi, W" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B182" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W, Abe, H, 2012. Morphological and molecular sequence analysis of the harmful shell boring species of Polydora (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from Japan and Australia. Aquaculture 368-369: 40-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.08.046" title="Morphological and molecular sequence analysis of the harmful shell boring species of Polydora (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from Japan and Australia. Aquaculture 368 - 369: 40 - 47." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.08.046" year="2012">Sato-Okoshi and Abe (2012)</bibRefCitation>
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. The larvae and adults were confirmed to 100% match using molecular data (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="9263DE225FA1A8384EF55485C3D1060A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum Likelihood tree inferred from nuclear 18 S and mitochondrial 16 S rRNA gene sequences of spionids obtained from Japan in the present and previous studies (provided in Table 1). The gene sequences of adult and larval spionid polychaetes are indicated by solid squares and circles in front of each species name, respectively. SH-aLRT / approximate Bayes support / ultrafast bootstrap support values of ≥ 80 %, ≥ 0.95, ≥ 95 %, respectively are given beside the respective nodes. Nodes with red circles indicate triple high support values of SH-aLRT ≥ 80, approximate Bayes support ≥ 0.95, and ultrafast bootstrap support ≥ 95. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site. Sequences of Laonome sp. and Sabella pavonina Savigny, 1822 obtained from DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank were used for outgroup rooting." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505188" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="28EE708534A347FF34EA0F34261B93D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Planktonic larvae of this species were collected from Onagawa Bay in April, May, and July 2011 and from Sasuhama in April 2011. The pair of large ramified or dot-like melanophores from chaetiger III distinguishes larvae of this species from those of other
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<taxonomicName id="8D6B88B5BF9EB80422D8A9D6CC65A840" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1802" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="06FF40C9AB022A3D072A1935EC4ABFDD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species.
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<bibRefCitation id="323185105D59253BD44122F889B7B1C0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315417000716" author="Blake, JA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1081 - 1133" refId="B23" refString="Blake, JA, 2017. Larval development of Polychaeta from the northern California coast. Fourteen additional species together with seasonality of planktic larvae over a 5-year period. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 97: 1081 - 1133, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315417000716" title="Larval development of Polychaeta from the northern California coast. Fourteen additional species together with seasonality of planktic larvae over a 5 - year period." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315417000716" volume="97" year="2017">Blake (2017)</bibRefCitation>
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reported similar dorsal pigment patterns in the larvae of
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<taxonomicName id="02958C9B31675D8D89F12756192AFE4F" authorityName="Berkley & Berkeley" authorityYear="1950" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora spongicola" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="spongicola">
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<emphasis id="616BB09A6C3EF8D98DC6A50285985281" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora spongicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Berkeley & Berkeley, 1950. However, the larvae of
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<taxonomicName id="DD5F7503E066E967CBAB23413BDA2A03" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. spongicola" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="spongicola">
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<emphasis id="3C73E58F77AFB4AD56808BC0FA0E22E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. spongicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="01CE6BAD3B98E823ACF1593DFE98BB47" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315417000716" author="Blake, JA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1081 - 1133" refId="B23" refString="Blake, JA, 2017. Larval development of Polychaeta from the northern California coast. Fourteen additional species together with seasonality of planktic larvae over a 5-year period. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 97: 1081 - 1133, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315417000716" title="Larval development of Polychaeta from the northern California coast. Fourteen additional species together with seasonality of planktic larvae over a 5 - year period." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315417000716" volume="97" year="2017">Blake (2017)</bibRefCitation>
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differ from those of
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<taxonomicName id="BCC3AC1ACC136BF621E0FC30CFCAD607" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. brevipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brevipalpa">
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<emphasis id="7574A8294593EB9BA0D31382B83737FE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brevipalpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having dorsal melanophores from chaetiger II instead of chaetiger III, dark green colored intestine instead of orange, and non-pigmented pharynx instead of pigmented with black. Reproduction and life history of this species was reported in
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<bibRefCitation id="098599532D3E4F63C2E5447C9D15532C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01313158" author="Sato-Okoshi, W" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 66" refId="B184" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W, Sugawara, Y, Nomura, T, 1990. Reproduction of the boring polyehaete Polydora variegate inhabiting scallops in Abashiri Bay, North Japan. Marine Biology 104: 61 - 66, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01313158" title="Reproduction of the boring polyehaete Polydora variegate inhabiting scallops in Abashiri Bay, North Japan." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01313158" volume="104" year="1990">Sato-Okoshi et al. (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="655AD4AE842AB0110C89D594B3321C6B" author="Sato-Okoshi, W" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="549 - 558" publicationUrl="http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3360957" refId="B178" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W, 1994. Life history of the polychaete Polydora variegata that bores into the shells of scallops in Northern Japan. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle 162: 549 - 558, http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3360957" title="Life history of the polychaete Polydora variegata that bores into the shells of scallops in Northern Japan." url="http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3360957" volume="162" year="1994">Sato-Okoshi (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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(both as
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<taxonomicName id="5452F56DA9A5F5D62C72C4B446AC434B" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. variegata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="variegata">
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<emphasis id="9E5FBA87DBB91A0849ABF218B5CE41B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. variegata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |