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<document id="4AFF897684A62EC68EA8EC4F17308C93" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.962.2683" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13947260" ID-ZooBank="40171C5B-90EB-4641-91FF-EA8CA2C60D23" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1729183243575" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramos-Sánchez, Mariela" docDate="2024" docId="03F2DF380250FFA1FD894A7DFC417F46" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2024.962.1-67.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 962 (1)" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2683/12419" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Paraplanocera oligoglena" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="FFCBA740024AFFBBFF994B10FFC27830" masterDocTitle="The polyclads (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific: Commented checklist and description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1729620246758" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="A4247C325BF1B10636359110B2DC491E">The polyclads (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific: Commented checklist and description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9CC8873E24CBC575C401CF74373E78ED">Ramos-Sánchez, Mariela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9C5DED5DD0B0CBD3C93665F47DBDB8C3">Doctorado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Área Ciencias Biológico Agropecuaria y Pesquera, Ciudad de la cultura “ Amado Nervo ”, Tepic, Nayarit, 63000, Mexico. &amp; Laboratorio de Sistemática de Invertebrados Marinos (LABSIM), Universidad del Mar, campus Puerto Ángel, Ciudad Universitaria, Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca, 70902, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="DCA5F8A0135E93F158D9865A0216B9DB">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03F2DF380250FFA1FD894A7DFC417F46" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13947336" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13947336" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F2DF380250FFA1FD894A7DFC417F46" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2DF380250FFA1FD894A7DFC417F46" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0250FFA1FD894A7DFBE179B8" ID-CoL="4D8VY" authority="(Schmarda, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[528,1059,365,392]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglena">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FD894A7DFC8879B8" bold="true" box="[528,842,365,392]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Paraplanocera oligoglena</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FCC04A7EFBD979B8" author="Schmarda L. K." box="[857,1051,365,392]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref32457" refString="Schmarda L. K. 1859. Neue wirbellose Thiere beobachtet und gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde 1853 bis 1857. Erster Band (erste Halfte): Turbellarien, Rotatorien und Anneliden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45359791 [accessed 2 Aug, 2023]." type="url" year="1859">Schmarda, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3413DA50250FFA1FF244ABFFA827B77" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0250FFA1FF244ABFFE8579DC" blockId="26.[189,1398,431,528]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4B49000250FFA1FF244ABFFE8579DC" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitation id="0AFA483F0250FFA1FF244ABFFD7679F9" author="Schmarda L. K." box="[189,692,431,458]" page="34" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1859">
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0250FFA1FF244ABFFD7679F9" authority="Schmarda, 1859: 34" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1859" box="[189,692,431,458]" family="Stylochidae" genus="Stylochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglenus">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FF244ABFFE7C79F9" box="[189,446,431,457]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Stylochus oligoglenus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FE5C4ABFFD7679F9" author="Schmarda L. K." box="[453,692,431,458]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref32457" refString="Schmarda L. K. 1859. Neue wirbellose Thiere beobachtet und gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde 1853 bis 1857. Erster Band (erste Halfte): Turbellarien, Rotatorien und Anneliden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45359791 [accessed 2 Aug, 2023]." type="url" year="1859">Schmarda, 1859: 34</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 7 fig. 77 (
<typeStatus id="54E0D08C0250FFA1FCCE4ABFFC4979F9" box="[855,907,431,457]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">type</typeStatus>
locality: South coast of
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FB334ABFFADD79F9" box="[1194,1311,431,457]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
, Indian Ocean).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0250FFA1FF244AE5FC307A3F" blockId="26.[189,1398,431,528]" box="[189,1010,501,528]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4B49000250FFA1FF244AE5FC307A3F" box="[189,1010,501,528]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitation id="0AFA483F0250FFA1FF244AE5FD717A20" author="Schmarda L. K." box="[189,691,501,528]" page="34" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1859">
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0250FFA1FF244AE5FD717A20" authority="Schmarda, 1859: 34" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1859" box="[189,691,501,528]" family="Stylochidae" genus="Stylochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="amphibolus">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FF244AE5FE7C7A3F" box="[189,446,501,527]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Stylochus amphibolus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FE5C4AE5FD717A20" author="Schmarda L. K." box="[453,691,501,528]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref32457" refString="Schmarda L. K. 1859. Neue wirbellose Thiere beobachtet und gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde 1853 bis 1857. Erster Band (erste Halfte): Turbellarien, Rotatorien und Anneliden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45359791 [accessed 2 Aug, 2023]." type="url" year="1859">Schmarda, 1859: 34</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 7, fig. 78 (description).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0250FFA1FF244927FCFA7A61" blockId="26.[189,1400,567,840]" box="[189,824,567,593]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4B49000250FFA1FF244927FCFA7A61" box="[189,824,567,593]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0250FFA1FF244927FE7E7A61" ID-CoL="4JK69" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[189,444,567,593]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Planocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="amphibola">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FF244927FE7E7A61" box="[189,444,567,593]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Planocera amphibola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0AFA483F0250FFA1FE404927FD517A61" author="Lang A." box="[473,659,567,593]" page="444" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1884">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FE404927FD517A61" author="Lang A." box="[473,659,567,593]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 688" refId="ref30284" refString="Lang A. 1884. Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrensenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel 11: 1 - 688. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10545" type="journal article" year="1884">Lang 1884: 444</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(description).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0250FFA1FF24494AFA827B77" blockId="26.[189,1400,567,840]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4B49000250FFA1FF24494AFA827B77" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0250FFA1FF24494AFE307A44" ID-CoL="4D8VY" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[189,498,602,628]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglena">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FF24494AFE307A44" box="[189,498,602,628]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Paraplanocera oligoglena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0AFA483F0250FFA1FD95494AFC047A45" author="Stummer-Traunfels R." box="[524,966,602,629]" page="3552" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1933">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FD95494AFC047A45" author="Stummer-Traunfels R." box="[524,966,602,629]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="3485 - 3596" refId="ref32886" refString="Stummer-Traunfels R. 1933. Polyclad. In: Bronn H. G. (ed.) Klassen und Ordnungen des Tier-Reichs IV. Vermes: 3485 - 3596. Leipzig." type="book chapter" year="1933">Stummer-Traunfels 1933: 35523556</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 123125 (new combination). —
<treatmentCitation id="0AFA483F0250FFA1FF73496DFE0D7AA7" author="Hyman L. H." box="[234,463,637,664]" page="109" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1985">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FF73496DFE0D7AA7" author="Prudhoe S." box="[234,463,637,664]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref31860" refString="Prudhoe S. 1985. A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press, Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe 1985: 109</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 90 (identification keys). —
<treatmentCitation id="0AFA483F0250FFA1FCCC496EFBFE7AA8" author="Hyman L. H." box="[853,1084,637,664]" page="353" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1953">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FCCC496EFBFE7AA8" author="Hyman L. H." box="[853,1084,637,664]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="265 - 392" refId="ref29610" refString="Hyman L. H. 1953 a. The polyclad flatworm of the Pacific coast of North America. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 100 (2): 265 - 392. Available from http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 1028 [accessed 2 Aug. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1953">Hyman 1953a: 353</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 118124 (description and new record from Coronado Islands,
<collectingRegion id="499FA0CC0250FFA1FD5E49B0FC427A8A" box="[711,896,672,698]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Baja California</collectingRegion>
; Punta San Marcial reef, La Paz Bay,
<collectingRegion id="499FA0CC0250FFA1FAD849B0FE547AEE" country="Mexico" name="Baja California Sur" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Baja California Sur</collectingRegion>
and Miramar Beach,
<collectingRegion id="499FA0CC0250FFA1FD3F49D4FD3E7AEE" box="[678,764,708,734]" country="Mexico" name="Sonora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Sonora</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FC9249D4FCA87AEE" box="[779,874,708,734]" name="Mexico" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Mexico</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0AFA483F0250FFA1FC1A49D3FC3F7AEE" author="Hyman L. H." box="[899,1021,707,734]" page="333" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1954">1954: 333</treatmentCitation>
(Hilo, Hawaii);
<treatmentCitation id="0AFA483F0250FFA1FB5249D3FAB07AEE" box="[1227,1394,707,734]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">1955a: 7578</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 4c (description and new record from
<collectingRegion id="499FA0CC0250FFA1FD4E49F7FC547B31" box="[727,918,743,769]" country="Marshall Islands" name="Kwajalein" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Kwajalein Atoll</collectingRegion>
, South Loi Island,
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FBE249F7FA867B31" box="[1147,1348,743,769]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="0AFA483F0250FFA1FF73481BFE6E7B14" author="Brusca R. C." box="[234,428,778,805]" page="70" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FF73481BFE6E7B14" author="Brusca R. C." box="[234,428,778,805]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref28257" refString="Brusca R. C. 1980. Common Intertidal Invertebrates of the Gulf of California. University of Arizona Press, Tucson." type="book" year="1980">Brusca 1980: 70</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(identification keys). —
<treatmentCitation id="0AFA483F0250FFA1FD4F481AFBF97B14" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709583" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4709583" author="Soutullo P. &amp; Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C." box="[726,1083,778,804]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE2487EA9A6CC42B929C51C0474817D0" page="366" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="2021">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FD4F481AFBF97B14" author="Soutullo P. &amp; Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C." box="[726,1083,778,804]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="363 - 381" refId="ref32655" refString="Soutullo P., Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C. 2021. First study of the Polycladida (Rhabditophora, Platyhelminthes) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. Zootaxa 4964 (2): 363 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4964.2.7" type="journal article" year="2021">
Soutullo
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FCD8481BFCBF7B14" box="[833,893,778,804]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al.</emphasis>
2021: 366367
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 2bd (description and new record from Carbón Beach, Las Baulas National Marine Park of
<collectingRegion id="499FA0CC0250FFA1FB80483DFB617B77" box="[1049,1187,813,839]" country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FB36483DFAF67B77" box="[1199,1332,813,839]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3413DA50250FFA1FF24487EFEE27C84" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0250FFA1FF24487EFE947BB8" blockId="26.[189,342,878,904]" box="[189,342,878,904]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="D0ACD9420250FFA1FF24487EFE947BB8" bold="true" box="[189,342,878,904]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FF24487EFE947BB8" bold="true" box="[189,342,878,904]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0250FFA1FF24488DFE387C74" blockId="26.[188,1399,925,1092]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Pantropical distribution.
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FE68488DFDB27B87" box="[497,624,925,951]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FD1D488DFC957B87" box="[644,855,925,951]" name="Christmas Island" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Christmas Island</collectingCountry>
, Quobba Beach,
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FBAE488DFB647B87" box="[1079,1190,925,951]" name="Australia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Australia</collectingCountry>
, archipelagos of Polynesia,
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FEA448D0FE037BEA" box="[317,449,960,986]" name="Micronesia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Micronesia</collectingCountry>
and Melanesia; Hilo, Hawaii, west coast of
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FC5E48D1FBCC7BEB" box="[967,1038,961,987]" name="Japan" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Japan</collectingCountry>
. On the Mexican Pacific coast, it has been recorded in the Coronado Islands,
<collectingRegion id="499FA0CC0250FFA1FD4B48F4FC4B7BCE" box="[722,905,996,1022]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Baja California</collectingRegion>
; Punta San Marcial reef, La Paz Bay,
<collectingRegion id="499FA0CC0250FFA1FAD848F4FEA17C11" country="Mexico" name="Baja California Sur" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Baja California Sur</collectingRegion>
and Miramar Beach,
<collectingRegion id="499FA0CC0250FFA1FDC64F17FD777C11" box="[607,693,1031,1057]" country="Mexico" name="Sonora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Sonora</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FD594F17FCDF7C11" box="[704,797,1031,1057]" name="Mexico" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Mexico</collectingCountry>
; Carbón Beach in Las Baulas National Marine Park of
<collectingRegion id="499FA0CC0250FFA1FF454F3AFEA47C74" box="[220,358,1066,1092]" country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FEEB4F3AFE347C74" box="[370,502,1066,1092]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0250FFA1FF244F7BFEDF7CB5" blockId="26.[189,285,1131,1157]" box="[189,285,1131,1157]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="D0ACD9420250FFA1FF244F7BFEDF7CB5" bold="true" box="[189,285,1131,1157]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FF244F7BFEDF7CB5" bold="true" box="[189,285,1131,1157]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0250FFA1FF244F8AFEE27C84" blockId="26.[189,288,1178,1204]" box="[189,288,1178,1204]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Benthic.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3413DA50250FFA1FF244FCCFC417F46" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0250FFA1FF244FCCFEED7CC6" blockId="26.[189,303,1244,1270]" box="[189,303,1244,1270]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="D0ACD9420250FFA1FF244FCCFEED7CC6" bold="true" box="[189,303,1244,1270]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FF244FCCFEED7CC6" bold="true" box="[189,303,1244,1270]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0250FFA1FF244E1AFB597DE4" blockId="26.[188,1399,1290,1493]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0250FFA1FF244E1AFE377D14" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[189,501,1290,1316]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglena">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FF244E1AFE377D14" box="[189,501,1290,1316]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Paraplanocera oligoglena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded from the Indo-West Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FBAC4E1AFB317D15" author="Schmarda L. K." box="[1077,1267,1290,1317]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref32457" refString="Schmarda L. K. 1859. Neue wirbellose Thiere beobachtet und gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde 1853 bis 1857. Erster Band (erste Halfte): Turbellarien, Rotatorien und Anneliden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45359791 [accessed 2 Aug, 2023]." type="url" year="1859">Schmarda 1859</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FA9B4E1AFEB77D77" author="Stummer-Traunfels R." pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="3485 - 3596" refId="ref32886" refString="Stummer-Traunfels R. 1933. Polyclad. In: Bronn H. G. (ed.) Klassen und Ordnungen des Tier-Reichs IV. Vermes: 3485 - 3596. Leipzig." type="book chapter" year="1933">Stummer-Traunfels 1933</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FE1C4E3EFDE17D78" author="Hyman L. H." box="[389,547,1325,1352]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="331 - 336" refId="ref29719" refString="Hyman L. H. 1954. Some polyclad flatworms from the Hawaiian Islands. Pacific Science 8: 331 - 336." type="journal article" year="1954">Hyman 1954</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FDAA4E3DFDBD7D78" author="Hyman L. H." box="[563,639,1325,1352]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="65 - 82" refId="ref29742" refString="Hyman L. H. 1955 a. Some polyclad flatworms from Polynesia and Micronesia. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 105 (3352): 65 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.105 - 3352.65 Hyman L. H. 1955 b. The polyclad flatworms of the Pacific coast of North America. Additions and corrections. American Museum Novitates 1704: 1 - 11. Available from http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 4856 [accessed 2 Aug. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1955">1955a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FD174E3DFCFB7D77" author="Prudhoe S." box="[654,825,1325,1351]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="586 - 604" refId="ref31815" refString="Prudhoe S. 1978. Some polyclad turbellarians new to the fauna of the Australia coasts. Records of the Australian Museum 31 (14): 586 - 604. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.31.1978.205" type="journal article" year="1978">Prudhoe 1978</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FCD04E3DFB867D77" author="Ken-Ichi T. &amp; Raj U. &amp; Horiuchi S. &amp; Koshida Y." box="[841,1092,1325,1352]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="333 - 339" refId="ref30000" refString="Ken-Ichi T., Raj U., Horiuchi S. &amp; Koshida Y. 1991. Polyclad turbellarians collected on the Osaka University Expedition to Viti Leve, Fiji, in 1985, with remarks on distribution and phylogeny of the genus Discoplana. Hydrobiology 227: 333 - 339. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00027619" type="journal article" year="1991">
Ken-Ichi
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FC254E3EFC317D77" box="[956,1011,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. 1991
</bibRefCitation>
). In the Mexican Pacific,
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0250FFA1FF244E41FE987D5A" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[189,346,1360,1386]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglena">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FF244E41FE987D5A" box="[189,346,1360,1386]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. oligoglena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded from
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FD094E40FD787D5A" box="[656,698,1360,1386]" name="Iceland" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Isla</collectingCountry>
Coronado, Baja California; Punta San Marcial reef, Baja California Sur and Playa Miramar, Sonora (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FD4D4E64FC417DBE" author="Hyman L. H." box="[724,899,1395,1422]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="265 - 392" refId="ref29610" refString="Hyman L. H. 1953 a. The polyclad flatworm of the Pacific coast of North America. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 100 (2): 265 - 392. Available from http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 1028 [accessed 2 Aug. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1953">Hyman 1953a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FC0A4E64FBEF7DBE" author="Brusca R. C." box="[915,1069,1396,1422]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref28257" refString="Brusca R. C. 1980. Common Intertidal Invertebrates of the Gulf of California. University of Arizona Press, Tucson." type="book" year="1980">Brusca 1980</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FBA74E64FF3E7D81" author="Lamothe-Argumedo R. &amp; Garcia-Prieto L. &amp; Osorio-Sarabia D. &amp; Perez-Ponce de Leon G." pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref30247" refString="Lamothe-Argumedo R., Garcia-Prieto L., Osorio-Sarabia D. &amp; Perez-Ponce de Leon G. 1997. Catalogo de la Coleccion nacional de Helmintos. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia." type="book" year="1997">
Lamothe-Argumedo
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FAA14E64FAB57DBE" box="[1336,1399,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
); it has also been recorded from Carbon Beach, in Las Baulas National Marine Park of
<collectingRegion id="499FA0CC0250FFA1FB714E87FAB07D81" box="[1256,1394,1431,1457]" country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0250FFA1FF254EAAFEFE7DE4" box="[188,316,1466,1492]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FED24EAAFDF87DE4" author="Soutullo P. &amp; Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C." box="[331,570,1466,1492]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="363 - 381" refId="ref32655" refString="Soutullo P., Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C. 2021. First study of the Polycladida (Rhabditophora, Platyhelminthes) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. Zootaxa 4964 (2): 363 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4964.2.7" type="journal article" year="2021">
Soutullo
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FE204EABFE367DE4" box="[441,500,1466,1492]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
), therefore it is considered a circumtropical species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0250FFA1FF244EEBFC417F46" blockId="26.[188,1401,1531,1910]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0250FFA1FF244EEBFE357E25" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[189,503,1531,1557]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglena">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FF244EEBFE357E25" box="[189,503,1531,1557]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Paraplanocera oligoglena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FD794EEBFC737E26" author="Schmarda L. K." box="[736,945,1531,1558]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref32457" refString="Schmarda L. K. 1859. Neue wirbellose Thiere beobachtet und gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde 1853 bis 1857. Erster Band (erste Halfte): Turbellarien, Rotatorien und Anneliden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45359791 [accessed 2 Aug, 2023]." type="url" year="1859">Schmarda (1859)</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0250FFA1FC7C4EEBFB287E25" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1859" box="[997,1258,1531,1557]" family="Stylochidae" genus="Stylochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglenus">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FC7C4EEBFB287E25" box="[997,1258,1531,1557]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Stylochus oligoglenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0250FFA1FB654EEBFEF87E09" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Planoceridae" genus="Planocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="amphibola">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FB654EEBFEF87E09" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Planocera amphibola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0250FFA1FED24D0FFD8F7E09" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1859" box="[331,589,1567,1593]" family="Stylochidae" genus="Stylochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="amphibolus">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FED24D0FFD8F7E09" box="[331,589,1567,1593]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Stylochus amphibolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Later
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FD3D4D0FFC227E09" author="Stummer-Traunfels R." box="[676,992,1567,1593]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="3485 - 3596" refId="ref32886" refString="Stummer-Traunfels R. 1933. Polyclad. In: Bronn H. G. (ed.) Klassen und Ordnungen des Tier-Reichs IV. Vermes: 3485 - 3596. Leipzig." type="book chapter" year="1933">Stummer-Traunfels (1933)</bibRefCitation>
made a revision of the specimens described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0250FFA1FEF04D52FDF87E6D" author="Schmarda L. K." box="[361,570,1602,1629]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref32457" refString="Schmarda L. K. 1859. Neue wirbellose Thiere beobachtet und gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde 1853 bis 1857. Erster Band (erste Halfte): Turbellarien, Rotatorien und Anneliden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45359791 [accessed 2 Aug, 2023]." type="url" year="1859">Schmarda (1859)</bibRefCitation>
under these taxa, establishing them as
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0250FFA1FBAB4D52FAAD7E6C" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1074,1391,1602,1628]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglena">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0250FFA1FBAB4D52FAAD7E6C" box="[1074,1391,1602,1628]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Paraplanocera oligoglena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The species is characterized by an oval body with smooth dorsal coloration brown, cerebral eyes and tentacular eyes, surrounding the base of the nuchal tentacles, and a pharynx with four or five lobes. The male reproductive system features a prostatic vesicle, ducts and paired spermiducal bulbs, accessory prostatic vesicles, a cirrus sac armed with spines and a pair of conspicuous teeth, and a male atrium with a glandular pouch. The female reproductive system features a bulbous vagina, a short female atrium, an elongate oval bursa copulatrix oriented towards the anterior region of the female gonopore, with a thick muscular wall and posteriorly presenting a very scalloped lining, and an elongate Langs vesicle oriented towards the anterior region of the female gonopore.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>