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<document id="BCB7976325B51148D962E32BCA43FBFE" ID-CLB-Dataset="56017" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5125.5.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="77b9c11a-7976-4567-9b10-003b39e3eea5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6457317" ID-ZooBank="6983B9C9-7AD7-49AD-8D4E-C3B4F25B2CEC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1649834873579" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tang, Ya-Ni, Wu, Ya-Ying, Zhao, Yu &amp; Yang, Zi-Zhong" docDate="2022" docId="03E327063941FFFAFF1BFCF0FB2D2DA8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5125.5.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5125 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Vacrothele Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang 2022, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="515" masterDocId="FFDA5F7E3943FFF8FF8CFFB2FFB22A11" masterDocTitle="Description of a new genus and two new species of the funnel-web mygalomorph (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Macrothelidae) from China with notes on taxonomic amendments" masterLastPageNumber="535" masterPageNumber="513" pageNumber="515" updateTime="1699330360432" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="949B40C76E13F457610F68CFFA0E2172">Description of a new genus and two new species of the funnel-web mygalomorph (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Macrothelidae) from China with notes on taxonomic amendments</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="328A0C0015243A009951FCB22F624BED">Tang, Ya-Ni</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A91A9F23BADE80E297BFADE66E314DC3">National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali 671000, China. &amp; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R &amp; D Dali 671000, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1C773A5669FDE041E73F99D666BD0C9F">Wu, Ya-Ying</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2CAE1E3207EBBC9E017314117F2A7D27">National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali 671000, China. &amp; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R &amp; D Dali 671000, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2BA2DAE31E89F75F8EED02F9607BC5C0">Zhao, Yu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8D77E24B43A55118D6D1702FF7CC88A2">National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali 671000, China. &amp; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R &amp; D Dali 671000, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9D36EC835E179879BCA077C7B7C7ECAC">Yang, Zi-Zhong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B5F4D27984C89283F8F3708EF20BCF21">National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali 671000, China. &amp; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R &amp; D Dali 671000, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03E327063941FFFAFF1BFCF0FB2D2DA8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458193" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194591619" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458193" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E327063941FFFAFF1BFCF0FB2D2DA8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E327063941FFFAFF1BFCF0FB2D2DA8" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<subSubSection id="C350C59B3941FFFAFF1BFCF0FE632990" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF596103941FFFAFF1BFCF0FE56294C" blockId="2.[151,484,834,897]" box="[151,484,834,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<heading id="D0BD217C3941FFFAFF1BFCF0FE56294C" bold="true" box="[151,484,834,861]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF1BFCF0FE56294C" bold="true" box="[151,484,834,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFF62FCF0FEDD294C" ID-CoL="992K2" ID-ENA="2974989" authority="Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang, 2022" authorityName="Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2022" box="[238,367,834,861]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Vacrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF62FCF0FEDD294C" bold="true" box="[238,367,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Vacrothele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DF7793941FFFAFEFAFCF1FE56294C" box="[374,484,835,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF596103941FFFAFF1BFCD4FE632990" blockId="2.[151,484,834,897]" box="[151,465,870,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF1BFCD4FEFA2990" bold="true" box="[151,328,870,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Chinese name:</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFED4FCD5FE7A296F" bold="true" box="[344,456,871,894]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">ffiǖAM</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C350C59B3941FFFAFF1BFC1DFB0629D8" box="[151,1204,942,969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BF596103941FFFAFF1BFC1DFB0629D8" blockId="2.[151,1437,942,1977]" box="[151,1204,942,969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF1BFC1DFE8629D9" bold="true" box="[151,308,942,969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<typeStatus id="54F128B23941FFFAFF1BFC1DFF6029D8" box="[151,210,943,969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFEB0FC1DFCA729D8" ID-CoL="3XBV8" authority="(Zhu &amp; Song, 2000)" authorityName="Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Zhu &amp; Song" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[316,789,943,969]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Macrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hunanica" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFEB0FC1DFD9929D8" box="[316,555,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Macrothele hunanica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBEBE13941FFFAFDB5FC1DFCBC29D8" author="Zhu, M. S. &amp; Song, D. X." box="[569,782,943,969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="59 - 64" refId="ref11551" refString="Zhu, M. S. &amp; Song, D. X. (2000) Review of the Chinese funnel-web spiders of the genus Macrothele, with descriptions of two new species (Araneae: Hexathelidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 48, 59 - 64." type="journal article" year="2000">Zhu &amp; Song, 2000</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFC90FC1DFC2E29D8" bold="true" box="[796,924,943,969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DF7793941FFFAFC90FC1DFC2E29D8" box="[796,924,943,969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C350C59B3941FFFAFF4BFC61FAC929FC" box="[199,1403,979,1005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF596103941FFFAFF4BFC61FAC929FC" blockId="2.[151,1437,942,1977]" box="[199,1403,979,1005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF4BFC61FEE029FC" bold="true" box="[199,338,979,1005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Etymology:</emphasis>
The scientific name is a combination of letters inspired by
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFC66FC61FBD829FC" authorityName="Ausserer" authorityYear="1871" box="[1002,1130,979,1005]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Macrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFC66FC61FBD829FC" box="[1002,1130,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Macrothele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the gender is feminine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C350C59B3941FFFAFF4BFC44FD122F68" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF596103941FFFAFF4BFC44FD122F68" blockId="2.[151,1437,942,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF4BFC44FEF62E01" bold="true" box="[199,324,1014,1040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
All species have the common characteristics of
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFCF8FC45FBAB2E00" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1892" box="[884,1049,1015,1041]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Macrothelidae</taxonomicName>
, such as fovea transverse; labium and maxillae provided with numerous cuspules; sternum with three pairs of sigilla. In
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFBFBFBA9FB452E24" authorityName="Ausserer" authorityYear="1871" box="[1143,1271,1051,1077]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Macrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFBFBFBA9FB452E24" box="[1143,1271,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Macrothele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, some species such as
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFF63FB8DFDCA2E48" authority="Shimojana &amp; Haupt, 1998" authorityName="Shimojana &amp; Haupt" authorityYear="1998" box="[239,632,1087,1113]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Macrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF63FB8DFEE32E49" box="[239,337,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">M. gigas</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBEBE13941FFFAFEDBFB8DFDCA2E48" author="Shimojana, M. &amp; Haupt, J." box="[343,632,1087,1113]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref10969" refString="Shimojana, M. &amp; Haupt, J. (1998) Taxonomy and natural history of the funnel-web spider genus Macrothele (Araneae: Hexathelidae: Macrothelinae) in the Ryukyu Islands (Japan) and Taiwan. Species Diversity, 3, 1 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4822.1.8" type="journal article" year="1998">Shimojana &amp;Haupt, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFD0FFB8DFC542E48" authority="Hu &amp; Li, 1986" authorityName="Hu &amp; Li" authorityYear="1986" box="[643,998,1087,1113]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Macrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guizhouensis">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFD0FFB8DFC8B2E48" box="[643,825,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">M. guizhouensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBEBE13941FFFAFCB3FB8DFC542E48" author="Hu, J. L. &amp; Li, F. J." box="[831,998,1087,1113]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="35 - 39" refId="ref10188" refString="Hu, J. L. &amp; Li, F. J. (1986) On two species of Macrothele from China (Araneae: Dipluridae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 11, 35 - 39." type="journal article" year="1986">Hu &amp; Li, 1986</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFC7CFB8DFAC12E48" authority="Xu &amp; Yin, 2000" authorityName="Xu &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2000" box="[1008,1395,1087,1113]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Macrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monocirculata">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFC7CFB8DFB052E48" box="[1008,1207,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">M. monocirculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBEBE13941FFFAFB32FB8DFAC12E48" author="Xu, X. &amp; Yin, C. M." box="[1214,1395,1087,1113]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="200 - 202" refId="ref11190" refString="Xu, X. &amp; Yin, C. M. (2000) A new species of genus Macrothele (Araneae: Hexathelidae) from China. Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 9, 200 - 202." type="journal article" year="2000">Xu &amp; Yin, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFAF2FB8DFE6B2E6C" authority="Zhu, Li &amp; Song, 2000" authorityName="Zhu, Li &amp; Song" authorityYear="2000" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Macrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raveni">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFAF2FB8DFF6D2E6D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">M. raveni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBEBE13941FFFAFF69FBD1FE6B2E6C" author="Zhu, M. S. &amp; Li, T. H. &amp; Song, D. X." box="[229,473,1123,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="358 - 361" refId="ref11601" refString="Zhu, M. S., Li, T. H. &amp; Song, D. X. (2000) A new species of the genus Macrothele (Araneae: Hexathelidae) from China. Journal of Hubei University, 20, 358 - 361." type="journal article" year="2000">Zhu, Li &amp; Song, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
have lateral paddle spines of basal palp coxa absent in all species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFB58FBD1FAF92E6C" authorityName="Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2022" box="[1236,1355,1123,1149]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Vacrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFB58FBD1FAF92E6C" box="[1236,1355,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Vacrothele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Males can be easily distinguished from males of
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFD0DFB35FCB32EB0" authorityName="Ausserer" authorityYear="1871" box="[641,769,1159,1185]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Macrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFD0DFB35FCB32EB0" box="[641,769,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Macrothele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the possession of a trumpet-shape end of the embolus (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFF2CFB19FF4A2ED4" box="[160,248,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1499,1523]" captionTargetBox="[287,1301,198,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[287,1301,181,1475]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Embolus, prolateral view; E. Same, dorsal view; F. Same, retrolateral view; G. Same, the end; H. Sternum; I. Maxillae and labium; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457323/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFE88FB19FE9A2ED4" box="[260,296,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[183,1411,181,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-23@8.[177,1411,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Vacrothele pseudohunanica sp. nov., male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, prolateral view; C. Maxillae and labium; D. Sternum; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view; G. Same, retrolateral view; H. Same, the end; I. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457329/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">6H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFEB8FB19FEEA2ED4" box="[308,344,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[227,1359,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[227,1359,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Vacrothele uncata sp. nov., male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Maxillae and labium; C. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; D. Sternum; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view; G. Same, retrolateral view; H. Same, the end; I. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457335/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">9H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFEE8FB19FE272ED4" box="[356,405,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1599,1623]" captionTargetBox="[203,1310,182,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[203,1310,182,1558]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Vacrothele palpator (Pocock, 1901), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Maxillae and labium; C. Three claws on left leg, prolateral view; D. Spinnerets, left retrolateral view; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view; G. Same, retrolateral view; H. Same, the end; I. Sternum; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457339/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">11H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFE2DFB19FE662ED4" box="[417,468,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1507,1531]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,181,1483]" captionTargetId="figure-23@16.[151,1436,181,1483]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Vacrothele digitata (Chen, Jiang &amp; Yang, 2020), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Spinnerets, ventral view; C. Maxillae and labium; D. Three claws on left legs, retrolateral view; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view; G. Same, retrolateral view; H. Same, the end; I. Sternum; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457344" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457344/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">13H</figureCitation>
), palp tibia with stout dorsal spines (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFCE2FB19FC6F2ED4" box="[878,989,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1499,1523]" captionTargetBox="[287,1301,198,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[287,1301,181,1475]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Embolus, prolateral view; E. Same, dorsal view; F. Same, retrolateral view; G. Same, the end; H. Sternum; I. Maxillae and labium; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457323/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 3JL</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFC64FB19FB912ED4" box="[1000,1059,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[183,1411,181,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-23@8.[177,1411,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Vacrothele pseudohunanica sp. nov., male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, prolateral view; C. Maxillae and labium; D. Sternum; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view; G. Same, retrolateral view; H. Same, the end; I. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457329/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">6JL</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFBA2FB19FBDA2ED4" box="[1070,1128,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[227,1359,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[227,1359,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Vacrothele uncata sp. nov., male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Maxillae and labium; C. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; D. Sternum; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view; G. Same, retrolateral view; H. Same, the end; I. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457335/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">9JL</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFBF8FB19FB0E2ED4" box="[1140,1212,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1599,1623]" captionTargetBox="[203,1310,182,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[203,1310,182,1558]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Vacrothele palpator (Pocock, 1901), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Maxillae and labium; C. Three claws on left leg, prolateral view; D. Spinnerets, left retrolateral view; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view; G. Same, retrolateral view; H. Same, the end; I. Sternum; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457339/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">11JL</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFB4BFB19FAA22ED4" box="[1223,1296,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1507,1531]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,181,1483]" captionTargetId="figure-23@16.[151,1436,181,1483]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Vacrothele digitata (Chen, Jiang &amp; Yang, 2020), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Spinnerets, ventral view; C. Maxillae and labium; D. Three claws on left legs, retrolateral view; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view; G. Same, retrolateral view; H. Same, the end; I. Sternum; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457344" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457344/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">13JL</figureCitation>
), whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFF1BFB7DFEA52EF8" authorityName="Ausserer" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,279,1231,1257]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Macrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF1BFB7DFEA52EF8" box="[151,279,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Macrothele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the terminal of the embolus is aciform, palp tibia with longer but no stout spines and arrangement of spines is not so regular. Additionally, in
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFDECFB41FD652F1C" authorityName="Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2022" box="[608,727,1267,1293]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Vacrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFDECFB41FD652F1C" box="[608,727,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Vacrothele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male tibia II usually with 5-9 thick long ventral spines on the middle, arrangement regular (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFE64FAA5FD8E2F20" box="[488,572,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[204,1384,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 17. Left leg II tibia ventral spines of five Vacrothele species. A. V. hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000) comb. nov. B. V. pseudohunanica sp. nov. C. V. uncata sp. nov. D. V. palpator (Pocock, 1901) comb. nov. E. V. digitata (Chen, Jiang &amp; Yang, 2020) comb. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457352/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
). Females differ from those of
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFC13FAA5FBAD2F20" authorityName="Ausserer" authorityYear="1871" box="[927,1055,1303,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Macrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFC13FAA5FBAD2F20" box="[927,1055,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Macrothele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by copulatory aperture is wide at base, tapering gradually from base to distal end (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFD3FFA89FCB42F44" box="[691,774,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,882,906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,858]" captionTargetId="figure-23@20.[151,1436,181,858]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Genitalia of five Vacrothele species. A. V. hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000) comb. nov. B. V. pseudohunanica sp. nov. C. V. uncata sp. nov. D. V. palpator (Pocock, 1901) comb. nov. E. V. digitata (Chen, Jiang &amp; Yang, 2020) comb. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457354/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
). PMS white; PLS slenderness, basal, distal end white (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFAE3FA89FF082F68" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1499,1523]" captionTargetBox="[287,1301,198,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[287,1301,181,1475]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Embolus, prolateral view; E. Same, dorsal view; F. Same, retrolateral view; G. Same, the end; H. Sternum; I. Maxillae and labium; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457323/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFF4AFAEDFF5B2F68" box="[198,233,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,524,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-166@6.[151,1436,524,1782]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), female paratype. A. Female (paratype); B. Three claws on left palp, prolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Maxillae and labium; E. Sternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457325/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">4C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFF79FAEDFEBC2F68" box="[245,270,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[183,1411,181,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-23@8.[177,1411,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Vacrothele pseudohunanica sp. nov., male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, prolateral view; C. Maxillae and labium; D. Sternum; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view; G. Same, retrolateral view; H. Same, the end; I. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457329/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">6I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFE96FAEDFE8C2F68" box="[282,318,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[181,1423,181,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[164,1423,181,1656]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Vacrothele pseudohunanica sp. nov., female paratype. A. Female (paratype); B. Three claws on left palp, prolateral view; C. Maxillae and labium; D. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; E. Sternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457331/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">7D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFEC6FAEDFED12F68" box="[330,355,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[227,1359,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[227,1359,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Vacrothele uncata sp. nov., male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Maxillae and labium; C. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; D. Sternum; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view; G. Same, retrolateral view; H. Same, the end; I. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457335/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">9I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFEE3FAEDFE2D2F68" box="[367,415,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1218,1242]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,181,1194]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[201,1386,181,1194]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Vacrothele uncata sp. nov., female paratype. A. Female (paratype); B. Maxillae and labium; C. Three claws on left palp, prolateral view; D. Sternum; E. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457337/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">10E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFE27FAEDFE6E2F68" box="[427,476,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1599,1623]" captionTargetBox="[203,1310,182,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[203,1310,182,1558]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Vacrothele palpator (Pocock, 1901), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Maxillae and labium; C. Three claws on left leg, prolateral view; D. Spinnerets, left retrolateral view; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view; G. Same, retrolateral view; H. Same, the end; I. Sternum; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457339/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">11D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFE64FAEDFDAB2F68" box="[488,537,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,667,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-119@15.[151,1436,667,1811]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 12. Vacrothele palpator (Pocock, 1901), female paratype. A. Female (paratype); B. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; C. Three claws on left palp, prolateral view; D. Maxillae and labium; E. Sternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457341/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">12B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFDA8FAEDFDE72F68" box="[548,597,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1507,1531]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,181,1483]" captionTargetId="figure-23@16.[151,1436,181,1483]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Vacrothele digitata (Chen, Jiang &amp; Yang, 2020), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Spinnerets, ventral view; C. Maxillae and labium; D. Three claws on left legs, retrolateral view; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Same, dorsal view; G. Same, retrolateral view; H. Same, the end; I. Sternum; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457344" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457344/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">13B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFDEDFAEDFD262F68" box="[609,660,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1513,1537]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1489]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1489]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 14. Vacrothele digitata (Chen, Jiang &amp; Yang, 2020), comb. nov., female paratype. A. Female (paratype); B. Three claws on left palp, retrolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Sternum; E. Maxillae and labium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457346/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">14C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C350C59B3941FFFAFF4BFA30FC9C2D84" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF596103941FFFAFF4BFA30FC8F2C64" blockId="2.[151,1437,942,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF4BFA30FE2C2F8C" bold="true" box="[199,414,1410,1437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Description: Male</emphasis>
. Small. Carapace dark chestnut, smooth. Fovea transverse. Both eye rows recurved. Chelicerae light black with 12 stout promarginal teeth plus three small teeth (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFC2AFA15FBBF2FD3" box="[934,1037,1447,1474]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1978,2002]" captionTargetBox="[164,1414,1259,1955]" captionTargetId="figure-52@18.[164,1423,1259,1955]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 16. Chelicera of three new species transfers to Vacrothele gen. nov. A. V. hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000) comb. nov. B. V. palpator (Pocock, 1901) comb. nov. C. V. digitata (Chen, Jiang &amp; Yang, 2020) comb. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457350" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457350/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
). Palp tibia incrassate, with 10 stout dorsal spines (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFEBBFA79FE152FF4" box="[311,423,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1499,1523]" captionTargetBox="[287,1301,198,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[287,1301,181,1475]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Embolus, prolateral view; E. Same, dorsal view; F. Same, retrolateral view; G. Same, the end; H. Sternum; I. Maxillae and labium; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457323/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 3JL</figureCitation>
), embolus thick and long, tapering from base to end (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFC74FA79FBDD2FF4" box="[1016,1135,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1499,1523]" captionTargetBox="[287,1301,198,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[287,1301,181,1475]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Embolus, prolateral view; E. Same, dorsal view; F. Same, retrolateral view; G. Same, the end; H. Sternum; I. Maxillae and labium; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457323/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 3DF</figureCitation>
), end trumpet-shaped (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFAE3FA79FF0F2C18" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1499,1523]" captionTargetBox="[287,1301,198,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[287,1301,181,1475]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Embolus, prolateral view; E. Same, dorsal view; F. Same, retrolateral view; G. Same, the end; H. Sternum; I. Maxillae and labium; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457323/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
); labium and maxillae chestnut with numerous cuspules (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFCCEFA5DFC222C18" box="[834,912,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1499,1523]" captionTargetBox="[287,1301,198,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[287,1301,181,1475]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Embolus, prolateral view; E. Same, dorsal view; F. Same, retrolateral view; G. Same, the end; H. Sternum; I. Maxillae and labium; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457323/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 3I</figureCitation>
). Sternum with three pairs of sigilla (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFAB9FA5DFA3D2C18" box="[1333,1423,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1499,1523]" captionTargetBox="[287,1301,198,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[287,1301,181,1475]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Embolus, prolateral view; E. Same, dorsal view; F. Same, retrolateral view; G. Same, the end; H. Sternum; I. Maxillae and labium; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457323/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 3H</figureCitation>
). Legs: coxa, trochanter, femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus chestnut, tarsus brown; no lyra spines on palp coxa. Leg II tibia with five thick long ventral spines (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFDD6F985FD702C40" box="[602,706,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[204,1384,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 17. Left leg II tibia ventral spines of five Vacrothele species. A. V. hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000) comb. nov. B. V. pseudohunanica sp. nov. C. V. uncata sp. nov. D. V. palpator (Pocock, 1901) comb. nov. E. V. digitata (Chen, Jiang &amp; Yang, 2020) comb. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457352/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 17A</figureCitation>
); STC with curved row of long teeth; ITC curved (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFB74F985FAFD2C40" box="[1272,1359,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1499,1523]" captionTargetBox="[287,1301,198,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[287,1301,181,1475]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Embolus, prolateral view; E. Same, dorsal view; F. Same, retrolateral view; G. Same, the end; H. Sternum; I. Maxillae and labium; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457323/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
); spinnerets terminal segment of posterior laterals white (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFD54F9E9FC822C64" box="[728,816,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1499,1523]" captionTargetBox="[287,1301,198,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[287,1301,181,1475]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), male holotype. A. Male (holotype); B. Three claws on left leg, retrolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Embolus, prolateral view; E. Same, dorsal view; F. Same, retrolateral view; G. Same, the end; H. Sternum; I. Maxillae and labium; J. Left palp tibia, prolateral view; K. Same, dorsal view; L. Same, retrolateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457323/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF596103941FFFAFF4BF9CDFBD82D38" blockId="2.[151,1437,942,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF4BF9CDFE9A2C88" bold="true" box="[199,296,1663,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Female:</emphasis>
Carapace dark chestnut, smooth. Fovea transverse. Both eye rows recurved. Chelicerae black; labium, maxillae, light brown with numerous cuspules (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFD3EF911FCBC2CAC" box="[690,782,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,524,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-166@6.[151,1436,524,1782]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), female paratype. A. Female (paratype); B. Three claws on left palp, prolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Maxillae and labium; E. Sternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457325/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
). Sternum with three pairs of sigilla (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFB39F911FABC2CAC" box="[1205,1294,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,524,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-166@6.[151,1436,524,1782]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), female paratype. A. Female (paratype); B. Three claws on left palp, prolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Maxillae and labium; E. Sternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457325/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
). Legs coxa, trochanter, femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus chestnut, tarsus brown. STC with curved row of long teeth; ITC curved, with few fine teeth (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFEF4F959FE622D14" box="[376,464,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,524,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-166@6.[151,1436,524,1782]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), female paratype. A. Female (paratype); B. Three claws on left palp, prolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Maxillae and labium; E. Sternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457325/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Copulatory aperture wide at base, tapering gradually from base to distal end, spermathecae finger shaped (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFE01F8BDFE472D38" box="[397,501,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,882,906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,858]" captionTargetId="figure-23@20.[151,1436,181,858]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Genitalia of five Vacrothele species. A. V. hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000) comb. nov. B. V. pseudohunanica sp. nov. C. V. uncata sp. nov. D. V. palpator (Pocock, 1901) comb. nov. E. V. digitata (Chen, Jiang &amp; Yang, 2020) comb. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457354/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
). Spinneret base and terminal segments white (
<figureCitation id="13718A953941FFFAFB88F8BDFBEF2D38" box="[1028,1117,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,524,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-166@6.[151,1436,524,1782]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vacrothele hunanica (Zhu &amp; Song, 2000), female paratype. A. Female (paratype); B. Three claws on left palp, prolateral view; C. Spinnerets, right retrolateral view; D. Maxillae and labium; E. Sternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6457325/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF596103941FFFAFF4BF880FC9C2D84" blockId="2.[151,1437,942,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF4BF880FEDB2D5D" bold="true" box="[199,361,1842,1868]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Composition:</emphasis>
This new genus includes two new species:
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFCDBF881FB9C2D5C" authority="Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang, 2022" authorityName="Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2022" box="[855,1070,1843,1869]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Vacrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudohunanica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFCDBF881FCDA2D5D" box="[855,872,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">V</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFCFAF881FB9C2D5C" box="[886,1070,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">pseudohunanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFBBAF881FB222D5C" bold="true" box="[1078,1168,1843,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DF7793941FFFAFBBAF881FB222D5C" box="[1078,1168,1843,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFB12F881FAB82D5D" authority="Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang, 2022" authorityName="Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2022" box="[1182,1290,1843,1869]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Vacrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uncata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFB12F881FB1D2D5D" box="[1182,1199,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">V</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFB32F881FAB82D5D" box="[1214,1290,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">uncata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFA9EF881FADE2D5C" bold="true" box="[1298,1388,1843,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DF7793941FFFAFA9EF881FADE2D5C" box="[1298,1388,1843,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and three new transfers from
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFE30F8E5FD8E2D60" authorityName="Ausserer" authorityYear="1871" box="[444,572,1879,1905]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Macrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFE30F8E5FD8E2D60" box="[444,572,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Macrothele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFDC1F8E5FC7F2D60" authority="(Zhu &amp; Song, 2000)" authorityName="Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Zhu &amp; Song" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[589,973,1879,1905]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Macrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hunanica" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFDC1F8E5FDEC2D61" box="[589,606,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">V</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFDE3F8E5FD652D60" box="[623,727,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">hunanica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBEBE13941FFFAFD64F8E5FC772D60" author="Zhu, M. S. &amp; Song, D. X." box="[744,965,1879,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="59 - 64" refId="ref11551" refString="Zhu, M. S. &amp; Song, D. X. (2000) Review of the Chinese funnel-web spiders of the genus Macrothele, with descriptions of two new species (Araneae: Hexathelidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 48, 59 - 64." type="journal article" year="2000">Zhu &amp; Song, 2000</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFC5AF8E5FBEB2D60" bold="true" box="[982,1113,1879,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DF7793941FFFAFC5AF8E5FBEB2D60" box="[982,1113,1879,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFBE6F8E5FF6B2D84" authority="(Chen &amp; Jiang, 2020)" authorityName="Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Chen &amp; Jiang" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Vacrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="digitata" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFBE6F8E5FBC92D61" box="[1130,1147,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">V</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFB00F8E5FB512D60" box="[1164,1251,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">digitata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBEBE13941FFFAFB78F8E5FF632D84" author="Chen, H. M. &amp; Jiang, X. K. &amp; Yang, Z. Z." pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="114 - 119" refId="ref9725" refString="Chen, H. M., Jiang, X. K. &amp; Yang, Z. Z. (2020) Two new species of the genus Macrothele of China (Araneae, Macrothelidae). Journal of Guangxi Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 38 (1), 114 - 119. http: // doi. org / 10.16088 / j. issn. 1001 - 6600.2020.01.015" type="journal article" year="2020">Chen &amp; Jiang, 2020</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF6CF8C9FED22D84" bold="true" box="[224,352,1915,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DF7793941FFFAFF6CF8C9FED22D84" box="[224,352,1915,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4AED933941FFFAFEE2F8C9FD2D2D84" authority="(Pocock, 1901)" authorityName="Tang &amp; Wu &amp; Zhao &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Pocock" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[366,671,1915,1941]" class="Arachnida" family="Macrothelidae" genus="Vacrothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palpator" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFEE2F8C9FECD2D85" box="[366,383,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">V</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFE01F8C9FE5F2D84" box="[397,493,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">palpator</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBEBE13941FFFAFE70F8C9FD252D84" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[508,663,1915,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="207 - 215" refId="ref10712" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1901) On some new trap-door spiders from China. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 70 (2): 207 - 215. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1901. tb 08540. x" type="journal article" year="1901">Pocock, 1901</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFD2AF8C9FC952D84" bold="true" box="[678,807,1915,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DF7793941FFFAFD2AF8C9FC952D84" box="[678,807,1915,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C350C59B3941FFFAFF4BF82CFB2D2DA8" box="[199,1183,1950,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF596103941FFFAFF4BF82CFB2D2DA8" blockId="2.[151,1437,942,1977]" box="[199,1183,1950,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="B93E4A023941FFFAFF4BF82CFED12DA9" bold="true" box="[199,355,1950,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F35DD6803941FFFAFEE6F82DFE1F2DA8" box="[362,429,1951,1977]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="498E58F23941FFFAFE37F82DFDB72DA8" box="[443,517,1951,1977]" country="China" name="Anhui" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Anhui</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="498E58F23941FFFAFD9DF82DFDC62DA8" box="[529,628,1951,1977]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="498E58F23941FFFAFDF3F82DFD4C2DA8" box="[639,766,1951,1977]" country="China" name="Chongqing" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Chongqing</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="498E58F23941FFFAFC86F82DFCDF2DA8" box="[778,877,1951,1977]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="498E58F23941FFFAFCF4F82DFC672DA8" box="[888,981,1951,1977]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="498E58F23941FFFAFC6DF82DFB9C2DA8" box="[993,1070,1951,1977]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Hunan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="498E58F23941FFFAFBB4F82DFB212DA8" box="[1080,1171,1951,1977]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>