136 lines
13 KiB
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136 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e5e47a0-f8f3-4039-b0e1-c159fef0b9f6" ID-PMC="PMC4714384" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-544-1" ID-PubMed="26798289" ID-ZBK="C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-544-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 544" ModsDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" checkinTime="1451243640953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2015" docId="F59A5A056D69454D62F872C36927E06B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 544: 1-407" docOrigin="ZooKeys 544" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" docTitle="Mecyclothorax pusillus Sharp" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="150" masterDocId="FF92FFC2FF9FFFC7191EFFB8FF91AF5D" masterDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" masterLastPageNumber="407" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="149" updateTime="1668162300918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>544</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>407</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-544-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853529" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F59A5A056D69454D62F872C36927E06B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F59A5A056D69454D62F872C36927E06B" lastPageId="149" lastPageNumber="150" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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<subSubSection pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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(060)
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<taxonomicName authority="Sharp" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax pusillus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">Mecyclothorax pusillus Sharp</taxonomicName>
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Figs 62L, 74E, 76
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
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, 78C, 80
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax pusillus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">Mecyclothorax pusillus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Sharp, D" editor="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="The University Press, Cambridge" pageId="310" pageNumber="311" pagination="175 - 292" title="Coleoptera II. Caraboidea." volumeTitle="Fauna Hawaiiensis" year="1903">Sharp 1903</bibRefCitation>
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: 243;
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<bibRefCitation author="Britton, EB" journalOrPublisher="Bishop Museum" pageId="307" pageNumber="308" pagination="107 - 166" title="A revision of the Hawaiian species of Mecyclothorax (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Occasional Papers of the Bernice P." volume="19" year="1948 b">Britton 1948b</bibRefCitation>
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: 147.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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Of the four
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ovipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovipennis">Mecyclothorax ovipennis</taxonomicName>
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group species from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Haleakalā">Haleakala</normalizedToken>
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with setal formula 2 2 2 2-
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax nubicola" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubicola">Mecyclothorax nubicola</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 78A),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax krushelnyckyi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="krushelnyckyi">Mecyclothorax krushelnyckyi</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 78B),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax rusticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticus">Mecyclothorax rusticus</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 78D), and this species (Fig. 78C)-
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax pusillus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">Mecyclothorax pusillus</taxonomicName>
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can be diagnosed by: 1, pronotal base moderately broad, MPW/BPW = 1.39-1.48; 2, pronotal hind angles projected, obtuse, the lateral margin subparallel for twice the distance of the basal articulatory socket; 3, elytra narrow relative to head, MEW/MHW = 1.85-1.93, with sides subparallel, MEW/HUW = 1.84-1.90, the humerus tightly rounded; 4, frons and vertex with evident shallow transverse-mesh microsculpture, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3×">-3x</normalizedToken>
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length. Standardized body length 3.3-3.9 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="149" lastPageNumber="150" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="identification">
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Identification</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="149" lastPageNumber="150" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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(n = 5). The head is broad with large eyes that cover much of the ocular lobe, ocular lobe ratio = 0.84-0.88, though the broad frons results in an ocular ratio lower than might be expected based on the eye size; ocular ratio = 1.45-1.48. Antennomeres 5-11 are stout, relatively short, of moniliform conformation similar to observed in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax nubicola" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubicola">Mecyclothorax nubicola</taxonomicName>
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. The pronotum is slightly transverse, MPW/PL = 1.19-1.29, with the base moderately constricted; MPW/BPW = 1.43-1.51. The pronotal median base is glossy due to the lack of microsculpture, but irregularly punctate with ~20 punctures each side, the punctures more elongate at juncture with disc. Elytral intervals 2-4 are nearly flat on the disc, though interval 2 is convex to the elytral apex, the sutural and 2nd striae of subequal depth. The discal striae 2-4 are discontinuous, with their punctures isolated for portions of the strial length. The pronotal and elytral microsculpture are extremely similar to that observed in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax rusticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticus">Mecyclothorax rusticus</taxonomicName>
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: 1, pronotal disc with
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<pageBreakToken pageId="149" pageNumber="150" start="start">obsolete</pageBreakToken>
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transverse mesh, glossy medially, with sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3×">-3x</normalizedToken>
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length laterally; 2, elytral disc with shallow isodiametric and transverse sculpticells in transverse rows, the elytral apex with an isodiametric mesh.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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Male genitalia (n = 1). Aedeagal median lobe slender, distance between parameral articulation and tip 5.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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depth at midlength (Fig. 76G), lobe angled basally with median shaft straight; apex distinctly downturned, tip rounded; median lobe distinctly curved rightward toward apex in ventral view (Fig. 76H), right and left margins slightly convergent to blunt tip in this view; internal sac with fine spicules only, flagellar plate (visible in ventral view, Fig. 76H) short, length 0.34
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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parameral articulation-tip distance.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix columnar with rounded apex, length 0.46 mm, breadth 0.17 mm (Fig. 62L); bursal walls translucent with thin wrinkles, apex thinner, more diaphanous; gonocoxite 1 with 3 apical fringe setae, the middle seta larger, and 3-4 smaller setae along medial surface (Fig. 74E); gonocoxite 2 falcate with tightly rounded apex, base broadly extended laterally, 2 lateral ensiform setae with apical seta broader, apical nematiform setae on medial surface at 0.69
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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gonocoxite length.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="lectotype">
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<paragraph pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Lectotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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Male (BMNH) hereby designated, labeled:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thriscothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thriscothorax pusillus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">Thriscothorax pusillus</taxonomicName>
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Type D.S. Haleakala Perkins 254 // Type // Hawaiian Is. Perkins 1904-336. //LECTOTYPE
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thriscothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thriscothorax pusillus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">Thriscothorax pusillus</taxonomicName>
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Sharp J.K. Liebherr 1998 (black-margined red label).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="distribution and habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax pusillus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">Mecyclothorax pusillus</taxonomicName>
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is the second of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Perkin’s">Perkin's</normalizedToken>
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19th Century high-elevation
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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triplet, with all of his records from his collecting activities made on his trips to the summit; 1830-3050 m elevation (Fig. 80). A single recent record (Kalahaku Overlook, 2870 m elevation, P.D. Krushelnycky, BPBM) places a lower-elevation population of this species in sympatry with Argentine Ant (
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<bibRefCitation author="Liebherr, JK" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Insect Conservation" pageId="309" pageNumber="310" pagination="61 - 73" title="Unfortunate encounters? Novel interactions of native Mecyclothorax alien Trechusobtusus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and Argentine ant (LinepithemahumileHymenoptera: Formicidae) across a Hawaiian landscape." url="10.1007/s10841-006-9019-8" volume="11" year="2007">Liebherr and Krushelnycky 2007</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<paragraph pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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Figure 80. Recorded geographic distributions of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ovipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovipennis">Mecyclothorax ovipennis</taxonomicName>
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group species.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |