424 lines
57 KiB
XML
424 lines
57 KiB
XML
<document id="536482BB7565F9CB223E4D07A3EC4FB5" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad128" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13219879" ID-ZooBank="35B2566-E5C4-4C18-BCDC-550464F33B1E" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1722843801108" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Aléné Geonho Cho, Daniel Burckhardt Liliya Š. Serbina Igor Malenovský Dalva L. Queiroz Désirée C. & Percy, Diana M." docDate="2024" docId="03A58E6A7449FFF8FEDD07C76CA82B85" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad128.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 201 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad128" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.6:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Aphorma Hodkinson 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="406" masterDocId="FF9CF612745BFFEBFFE8064E6D162953" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny and classification of jumping plant lice of the subfamily Liviinae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Liviidae) based on molecular and morphological data" masterLastPageNumber="421" masterPageNumber="387" pageNumber="405" updateTime="1723461901636" updateUser="tatiana">
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<mods:title id="4DE3044FE6A23524A78A52E5BDADD9F1">Phylogeny and classification of jumping plant lice of the subfamily Liviinae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Liviidae) based on molecular and morphological data</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="53CBD5057495E29A12530F08223BFEAB">Aléné Geonho Cho, Daniel Burckhardt Liliya Š. Serbina Igor Malenovský Dalva L. Queiroz Désirée C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D781CB973F7FBC2CBA37B19C83DA563D">Percy, Diana M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BEB75333E67502040EC93C73F8B1F98F">Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver V 6 T 1 Z 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="F6BE91C25CB200DDEDE67529993B0720">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="ACB5E41C6355BE3A2DC0249001E70DE8">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D2E41910525B0A8AE02B6191B6E6B29A">2023-10-09</mods:number>
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<paragraph id="8BB33F7C7449FFF9FEDD07C76F4328F0" blockId="18.[129,778,393,644]" box="[309,597,393,420]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FEDD07C76F4328F0" ID-CoL="YGN" ID-ENA="2035729" authority="Hodkinson, 1974" authorityName="Hodkinson" authorityYear="1974" box="[309,597,393,420]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Aphorma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FEDD07C76F4328F0" bold="true" box="[309,597,393,420]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
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<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FEDD07C76C8028F7" bold="true" box="[309,406,393,420]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Aphorma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D7449FFF9FE7207C76F4328F0" author="Hodkinson ID" box="[410,597,393,419]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" pagination="76 - 84" refId="ref30282" refString="Hodkinson ID. A contribution to the knowledge of some little known British psyllids (Homoptera: Psylloidea). Entomologist's Gazette 1974; 25: 76 - 84." type="journal article" year="1974">Hodkinson, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3166CF77449FFF9FF6907FE6CEF2B54" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB33F7C7449FFF9FF6907FE6FBB28B4" blockId="18.[129,778,393,644]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAD196D7449FFF9FF6907FE6F05289B" author="Heslop-Harrison G" box="[129,531,432,456]" page="783" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" year="1949">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF6907FE6F05289B" ID-CoL="YGN" authority="Heslop-Harrison 1949: 783" authorityName="Heslop-Harrison" authorityPageNumber="783" authorityYear="1949" box="[129,531,432,456]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Aphorma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6907FE6DC8289B" box="[129,222,432,456]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Aphorma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D7449FFF9FF0107FE6F05289B" author="Heslop-Harrison G" box="[233,531,432,456]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" pagination="782 - 801" refId="ref30152" refString="Heslop-Harrison G. The Aphalaran genera Aphalara Forster, Craspedolepta Enderlein and Metaphalara Crawford, with special reference to the European species of Aphalara: Hemiptera-Homoptera, family Psyllidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 1949; 2: 782 - 801." type="journal article" year="1949">Heslop-Harrison 1949: 783</bibRefCitation>
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, 800;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAD196D7449FFF9FDB407FE6DFD28B4" author="Heslop-Harrison G" page="965" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" year="1952">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D7449FFF9FDB407FE6DFD28B4" author="Heslop-Harrison G" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" pagination="957 - 74" refId="ref30196" refString="Heslop-Harrison G. The genus Rhinocola Forster and associated genera of the Aphalarinae-I. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 1952; 5: 957 - 74." type="journal article" year="1952">Heslop-Harrison 1952: 965</bibRefCitation>
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; nomen nudum, no
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<typeStatus id="54B781DE7449FFF9FE50079E6CF028BB" box="[440,486,464,488]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">type</typeStatus>
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species designated.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB33F7C7449FFF9FF7407A16CEF2B54" blockId="18.[129,778,393,644]" box="[156,505,495,519]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1C18527449FFF9FF7407A16CEF2B54" box="[156,505,495,519]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAD196D7449FFF9FF7407A16CE22B54" author="Hodkinson ID" box="[156,500,495,519]" page="76" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" year="1974">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF7407A16CE22B54" ID-CoL="YGN" authority="Hodkinson 1974: 76" authorityName="Hodkinson" authorityPageNumber="76" authorityYear="1974" box="[156,500,495,519]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Aphorma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF7407A16DEF2B54" box="[156,249,495,519]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Aphorma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D7449FFF9FEE107A16CE22B54" author="Hodkinson ID" box="[265,500,495,519]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" pagination="76 - 84" refId="ref30282" refString="Hodkinson ID. A contribution to the knowledge of some little known British psyllids (Homoptera: Psylloidea). Entomologist's Gazette 1974; 25: 76 - 84." type="journal article" year="1974">Hodkinson 1974: 76</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB33F7C7449FFF9FDE007A16F5E2B75" blockId="18.[129,778,393,644]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
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<typeStatus id="54B781DE7449FFF9FDE007A16F2B2B54" box="[520,573,495,519]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FD4507A16C582B75" authority="Laing, 1929" authorityName="Laing" authorityYear="1929" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Aphalara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bagnalli">
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<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FD4507A16DD92B75" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Aphalara bagnalli</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D7449FFF9FF3C04406C582B75" author="Laing F" box="[212,334,526,550]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" refId="ref30795" refString="Laing F. Description of an apparently new British psyllid (Homoptera). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 1929; 65: 269." type="journal volume" year="1929">Laing, 1929</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3166CF77449FFF9FF7404636CC12B16" box="[156,471,557,581]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB33F7C7449FFF9FF7404636CC12B16" blockId="18.[129,778,393,644]" box="[156,471,557,581]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1C18527449FFF9FF7404636CC12B16" box="[156,471,557,581]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
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<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF7404636DBF2B16" box="[156,169,557,581]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">=</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAD196D7449FFF9FF4104636CC52B16" author="Li F" box="[169,467,557,581]" page="376" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" year="2011">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF4104636CC52B16" authority="Li 2011: 376" authorityName="Li" authorityPageNumber="376" authorityYear="2011" box="[169,467,557,581]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Leprostictopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF4104636C582B16" box="[169,334,557,581]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Leprostictopsylla</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D7449FFF9FEB904636CC52B16" author="Li F" box="[337,467,557,581]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" refId="ref31003" refString="Li F. Psyllidomorpha of China (Insecta: Hemiptera). Beijing: Science Press, 2011." type="book" year="2011">Li 2011: 376</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3166CF77449FFF9FE3204606F2A2BD7" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BB33F7C7449FFF9FE3204606F2A2BD7" blockId="18.[129,778,393,644]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
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<typeStatus id="54B781DE7449FFF9FE3204606F192B15" box="[474,527,558,582]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FD8F04636C4E2B36" ID-CoL="3TGSN" authority="Li, 2011" authorityName="Li" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Leprostictopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiuzhaiensis">
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<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FD8F04636DE42B36" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Leprostictopsylla jiuzhaiensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D7449FFF9FF1504036C4E2B36" author="Li F" box="[253,344,589,613]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" refId="ref31003" refString="Li F. Psyllidomorpha of China (Insecta: Hemiptera). Beijing: Science Press, 2011." type="book" year="2011">Li, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized by
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAD196D7449FFF9FED804226F2E2BD7" author="Burckhardt D & Sharma A & Raman A" box="[304,568,620,644]" page="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" year="2018">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D7449FFF9FED804226F2E2BD7" author="Burckhardt D & Sharma A & Raman A" box="[304,568,620,644]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref29100" refString="Burckhardt D, Sharma A, Raman A. Checklist and comments on the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) from the Indian subcontinent. Zootaxa 2018; 4457: 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="2018">
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||
Burckhardt
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FE4004236CC12BD7" box="[424,471,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">et al.</emphasis>
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2018: 14
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C3166CF77449FFF8FF6904E86F8428B2" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="406" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" type="diagnosis">
|
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<paragraph id="8BB33F7C7449FFF8FF6904E86F942876" blockId="18.[129,778,677,1109]" lastBlockId="19.[113,762,144,481]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="406" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
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||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6904E86DF12BEE" box="[129,231,678,701]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Adult. Head, in lateral view, deflexed 45–90° from longitudinal axis of body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133723F97449FFF9FE7D048B6CCB2B8E" box="[405,477,709,733]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[113,178,1141,1165]" captionTargetBox="[117,1455,147,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-424@3.[114,1458,144,1113]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus images illustrating generic diversity within Liviinae: A, Anomoterga africana (Loginova); B, Aphorma lichenoides (Puton); C, Camarotoscena speciosa (Flor); D, Livia junci (Schrank); E, Syntomoza magna (Kuwayama); F, Diclidophlebia eastopi Vondráček; G, Haplaphalara dahli (Rübsaamen); H, Klyveria setinervis (Burckhardt); I, Liella cf. insolita (Mifsud and Burckhardt); J, Melanastera smithi (Burckhardt et al.); K, Paurocephala chonchaiensis Boselli; L, Woldaia nebulosa Brown and Hodkinson. Scales 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219881/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
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); in dorsal view slightly narrower than thorax, moderately transverse. Vertex rhomboidal; covered in areolate-rugose microsculpture; separated from genae by transverse carina (
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||
<figureCitation id="133723F97449FFF9FE41056D6CE12A68" box="[425,503,803,827]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,975,999]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,942]" captionTargetId="figure-496@4.[129,1473,144,947]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Adult Liviinae:A, Livia junci (Schrank); B, Klyveria setinervis (Burckhardt); C, Melanastera smithi (Burckhardt et al.); D, Aphorma lichenoides (Puton); E, Camarotoscena badia Loginova. A–C, head, in dorsal view; D, E, head, in oblique lateral view, with anterior carina (D, arrow), and smooth anteriorly (E). Scales 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219883/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
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||
); coronal suture fully developed; genae weakly produced ventrally but not enlarged into processes; frons parallel-sided to narrowly triangular; median ocellus not visible in perpendicular view to vertex; subgenae differentiated into separate sclerites (
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||
<figureCitation id="133723F97449FFF9FDCA05EE6F612AEB" box="[546,631,928,952]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[114,179,1083,1107]" captionTargetBox="[116,1455,147,1053]" captionTargetId="figure-395@5.[114,1458,144,1055]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Head of adult Liviidae: A, Diclidophlebia xuaniMessi; B, Syntomoza magna (Kuwayama); C, Anomoterga tahuata Klyver; D, Aphorma lichenoides (Puton); E, Camarotoscena speciosa (Flor); F, Livia junci (Schrank); G, Klyveria setinervis (Burckhardt); H, Paurocephala dayak Mifsud and Burckhardt.A, B, dorsal view; C–H, ventral view. Scales A, B = 0.1 mm; C–H = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219887/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
); compound eyes, in dorsal view, hemispherical, adpressed to head. Clypeus pear-shaped, moderate-sized, rounded ventrally, hardly visible in lateral view as it is hidden by genae. Antenna about as long as head width; flagellum with simple setae; segment 3 longest, shorter than segments 4–5 together; segments 4, 6, 8, and 9 bearing each a subapical rhinarium lacking a wreath of spines. Thorax moderately slender; dorsal outline, in lateral view, weakly curved. Pronotum, in dorsal view, almost straight, subrectagular; propleurites subrectangular, divided by perpendicular suture into subequal epimeron and episternum. Metapostnotum medially with blunt tubercle. Mesosternum narrower than head, subrectangular, less than twice as wide as long laterally; anterior margin weakly concave; pleurosternal suture hardly visible; basisternum large, oval to rhomboidal; katepisternum large antero-laterally, not bent dorsad laterally; angle between arms of precoxale obtuse.Pro- and mesotibiae cylindrical.Metacoxa with long or short subacute horn-shaped meracanthus. Metafemur with the three ventral sense organs in the middle; apex lacking stout long setae. Metatibia longer than metafemur, widened apically; bearing seven or eight slightly irregularly spaced apical sclerotized spurs and a few thorn-like setae postero-apically (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133723F97449FFF9FCAC04CB6E9D2BCF" box="[836,907,645,669]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[117,1455,148,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-116@9.[114,1458,144,1597]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 7. Metatibial apex of adult Liviidae:A, Strophingia cinereae Hodkinson; B, Aphorma lichenoides (Puton); C, Camarotoscena speciosa (Flor); D, Livia junci (Schrank); E, Diclidophlebia oceanica (Crawford); F, D.xuani (Messi); G, Haplaphalara dahli (Rübsaamen); H, Liella lanceomedia (Brown and Hodkinson); I, Klyveria setinervis (Burckhardt); J, Melanastera lucens (Burckhardt et al.); K, M. maculipennis (Brown and Hodkinson); L, Paurocephala sauteri Enderlein.Abbreviations:a, anterior view, l, lateral view, m, medial, p, posterior view. Scales 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219897/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both metatarsal segments relatively short, subequal in length. Forewing oblong-oval or subtrapezoidal; costal and anal margins subparallel or weakly widening towards apex, 1.7–2.3 times as long as wide, coriaceous; vein C + Sc weakly strongly convex, slender, distinctly delimited from cell; costal break absent; pterostigma reduced (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133723F97449FFF9FBB8056C698E2A69" box="[1104,1176,802,826]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1093]" captionTargetId="figure-401@10.[129,1473,144,1098]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 8. Wings and abdomen of Liviinae: A, D, L, Aphorma lichenoides (Puton), male; M, A. lichenoides (Puton), female; B, Diclidophlebia excetrodendri (Li and Yang); C, G, Melanastera lucens (Burckhardt et al.); E, H, Livia junci (Schrank); F, J, Liella cf.insolita (Mifsud and Burckhardt); I, Diclidophlebia oceanica (Crawford); K, Tuthillia myrcianthis Burckhardt et al.; N, D. xuani (Messi); O, Paurocephala dayak Mifsud and Burckhardt, male; P, P.dayak, female.A, reduced pterostigma; B, pterostigma basally leathery, apically membranous (separating line see arrow); C, pterostigma entirely membranous; D–G, surface of forewing membrane in cell r 1: H–J, costa of hindwing; K–P, lateral edge of first visible abdominal tergite, base left.Scales A–C = 0.1 mm; D–G = 0.1 mm; H–J = 0.2 mm; K–P = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219899/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
||
); nodal line not visible; veins R as long as or shorter than M + Cu; vein Rs weakly sinuous; vein M much longer than its branches; vein Cu
|
||
<subScript id="17883D397449FFF9FAF9053F68092A2C" attach="left" box="[1297,1311,881,895]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">1a</subScript>
|
||
strongly curved towards anal margin; veins M
|
||
<subScript id="17883D397449FFF9FB8805DE696B2ACD" attach="left" box="[1120,1149,912,927]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">1 + 2</subScript>
|
||
and M
|
||
<subScript id="17883D397449FFF9FB2B05DE69F62ACD" attach="none" box="[1219,1248,912,927]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">3 + 4</subScript>
|
||
perpendicular to wing margin apically; anal break adjacent to apex of vein Cu 1b; surface covered in flattened tubercles forming cellular pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133723F97449FFF9FA7405F16E4F2AA5" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1093]" captionTargetId="figure-401@10.[129,1473,144,1098]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 8. Wings and abdomen of Liviinae: A, D, L, Aphorma lichenoides (Puton), male; M, A. lichenoides (Puton), female; B, Diclidophlebia excetrodendri (Li and Yang); C, G, Melanastera lucens (Burckhardt et al.); E, H, Livia junci (Schrank); F, J, Liella cf.insolita (Mifsud and Burckhardt); I, Diclidophlebia oceanica (Crawford); K, Tuthillia myrcianthis Burckhardt et al.; N, D. xuani (Messi); O, Paurocephala dayak Mifsud and Burckhardt, male; P, P.dayak, female.A, reduced pterostigma; B, pterostigma basally leathery, apically membranous (separating line see arrow); C, pterostigma entirely membranous; D–G, surface of forewing membrane in cell r 1: H–J, costa of hindwing; K–P, lateral edge of first visible abdominal tergite, base left.Scales A–C = 0.1 mm; D–G = 0.1 mm; H–J = 0.2 mm; K–P = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219899/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hindwing about as long as forewing; with one to three costal setae proximal to costal break and two indistinct groups distal to costal break, three to four dense setae proximally, and three to four spaced setae distally; vein R + M + Cu indistinctly trifurcating, base of vein Cu indistinct. Abdominal base with a sclerotized area on either side covered in spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133723F97448FFF8FD9206E16FFC2994" box="[634,746,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1093]" captionTargetId="figure-401@10.[129,1473,144,1098]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 8. Wings and abdomen of Liviinae: A, D, L, Aphorma lichenoides (Puton), male; M, A. lichenoides (Puton), female; B, Diclidophlebia excetrodendri (Li and Yang); C, G, Melanastera lucens (Burckhardt et al.); E, H, Livia junci (Schrank); F, J, Liella cf.insolita (Mifsud and Burckhardt); I, Diclidophlebia oceanica (Crawford); K, Tuthillia myrcianthis Burckhardt et al.; N, D. xuani (Messi); O, Paurocephala dayak Mifsud and Burckhardt, male; P, P.dayak, female.A, reduced pterostigma; B, pterostigma basally leathery, apically membranous (separating line see arrow); C, pterostigma entirely membranous; D–G, surface of forewing membrane in cell r 1: H–J, costa of hindwing; K–P, lateral edge of first visible abdominal tergite, base left.Scales A–C = 0.1 mm; D–G = 0.1 mm; H–J = 0.2 mm; K–P = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219899/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="406">Fig. 8L, M</figureCitation>
|
||
). Aedeagus with simple proximal portion bearing many weak folds subapically; apex of distal portion not differentiated from stem. Female subgenital plate lacking apical process.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF736FF47449FFF9FF6902C36F7B2D8E" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" startId="18.[129,184,1165,1189]" targetBox="[128,1474,1267,1960]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="18" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB33F7C7449FFF9FF6902C36F7B2D8E" blockId="18.[128,1443,1165,1245]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6902C36DD92DF6" bold="true" box="[129,207,1165,1189]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Table 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Number of described species (Supporting Information, File S3) and undescribed species in the collections of the BMNH, MHNG, and NHMB, with general distribution and confirmed host plants. Afrotropics (Afr), Australasia (Aus), Indomalaya (Ind), Nearctic (Nea), Neotropics (Neo), Oceania (Oce), Palaearctic (Pal).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB33F7C7449FFF9FF6802BD6F602EFB" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<table id="F90CCDDC74490014FF6802BD68D42EFB" box="[128,1474,1267,1960]" gridcols="5" gridrows="16" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF6802BD68D42C7B" box="[128,1474,1267,1320]" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6802BD6C182C7B" box="[128,270,1267,1320]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6802BD6DE42C5F" bold="true" box="[128,242,1267,1292]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Psyllid taxa</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FEBB02BD6CE92C7B" box="[339,511,1267,1320]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FEBB02BA6CE92C7B" bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Number of described species</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FDAD02BD6E1A2C7B" box="[581,780,1267,1320]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FDAD02BA6E1A2C7B" bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Number of undescribed species</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FCB902BD6EE42C7B" box="[849,1010,1267,1320]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FCB902BD6ED82C58" bold="true" box="[849,974,1267,1291]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FBFC02BD68D42C7B" box="[1044,1474,1267,1320]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FBFC02BD69E42C5F" bold="true" box="[1044,1266,1267,1292]" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Confirmed host plants</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF68030E68D42C0B" box="[128,1474,1344,1368]" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF68030E6C182C0B" box="[128,270,1344,1368]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF68030E6DA82C0B" box="[128,190,1344,1368]" pageId="18" pageNumber="417" rank="tribe" tribe="Liviini">Liviini</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB030E6CE92C0B" box="[339,511,1344,1368]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">50</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD030E6E1A2C0B" box="[581,780,1344,1368]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF68032C68D42C28" box="[128,1474,1378,1403]" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF68032C6C182C28" box="[128,270,1378,1403]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF68032D6DF82C29" authorityName="Klyver" authorityYear="1932" box="[128,238,1379,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Anomoterga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF68032D6DF82C29" box="[128,238,1379,1402]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Anomoterga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB032C6CE92C28" box="[339,511,1378,1403]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD032C6E1A2C28" box="[581,780,1378,1403]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FCB9032C6EE42C28" box="[849,1010,1378,1403]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Afr, Ind, Oce, Pal</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FBFC032C68D42C28" box="[1044,1474,1378,1403]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBFC032C69622C29" box="[1044,1140,1378,1402]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF6803CA68D42CCF" box="[128,1474,1412,1436]" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6803CA6C182CCF" box="[128,270,1412,1436]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF6803CA6DC02CCF" authorityName="Hodkinson" authorityYear="1974" box="[128,214,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Aphorma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6803CA6DC02CCF" box="[128,214,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Aphorma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB03CA6CE92CCF" box="[339,511,1412,1436]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD03CA6E1A2CCF" box="[581,780,1412,1436]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FCB903CA6EE42CCF" box="[849,1010,1412,1436]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Ind, Pal</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FBFC03CA68D42CCF" box="[1044,1474,1412,1436]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBFC03CA69B22CCF" box="[1044,1188,1412,1436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ranunculaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF6803E868D42CED" box="[128,1474,1446,1470]" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6803E86C182CED" box="[128,270,1446,1470]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF6803E86C1D2CEE" authorityName="Haupt" authorityYear="1935" box="[128,267,1446,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Camarotoscena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6803E86C1D2CEE" box="[128,267,1446,1469]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Camarotoscena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB03E86CE92CED" box="[339,511,1446,1470]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">14</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD03E86E1A2CED" box="[581,780,1446,1470]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">0</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FCB903E86EE42CED" box="[849,1010,1446,1470]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Pal</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FBFC03E868D42CED" box="[1044,1474,1446,1470]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBFC03E869622CED" box="[1044,1140,1446,1470]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF68038668D42CB3" box="[128,1474,1480,1504]" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6803866C182CB3" box="[128,270,1480,1504]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF6803876DB92CB3" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[128,175,1481,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Livia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6803876DB92CB3" box="[128,175,1481,1504]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Livia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB03866CE92CB3" box="[339,511,1480,1504]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">25</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD03866E1A2CB3" box="[581,780,1480,1504]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">0</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FCB903866EE42CB3" box="[849,1010,1480,1504]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Nea, Pal</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FBFC038668D42CB3" box="[1044,1474,1480,1504]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBFC038669922CB3" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[1044,1156,1480,1504]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cyperaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FB63038669FF2C8C" box="[1163,1257,1480,1503]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Juncaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF6803A468D42F51" box="[128,1474,1514,1538]" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6803A46C182F51" box="[128,270,1514,1538]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF6803A46DF32F52" authorityName=", Burckhardt and Mifsud" authorityYear="2003" box="[128,229,1514,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Syntomoza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6803A46DF32F52" box="[128,229,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Syntomoza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB03A46CE92F51" box="[339,511,1514,1538]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD03A46E1A2F51" box="[581,780,1514,1538]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">0</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FCB903A46EE42F51" box="[849,1010,1514,1538]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Pal</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FBFC03A468D42F51" box="[1044,1474,1514,1538]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBFC03A469622F51" box="[1044,1140,1514,1538]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF68004268D42F77" box="[128,1474,1548,1572]" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6800426C182F77" box="[128,270,1548,1572]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Paurocephalini</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB00426CE92F77" box="[339,511,1548,1572]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">89</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD00426E1A2F77" box="[581,780,1548,1572]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">>100</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF68006368D42F15" box="[128,1474,1581,1606]" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6800636C182F15" box="[128,270,1581,1606]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF6800636C152F16" authorityName="sensu Burckhardt and Mifsud" authorityYear="2003" box="[128,259,1581,1605]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Diclidophlebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6800636C152F16" box="[128,259,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Diclidophlebia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB00636CE92F15" box="[339,511,1581,1606]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">7</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD00636E1A2F15" box="[581,780,1581,1606]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FCB900636EE42F15" box="[849,1010,1581,1606]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Afr, Ind, Nea</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FBFC006368D42F15" box="[1044,1474,1581,1606]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBFC006369B52F16" box="[1044,1187,1581,1605]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FB42006368192F16" box="[1194,1295,1581,1605]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FAFF0063689A2F16" box="[1303,1420,1581,1605]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF68000168D42FD6" box="[128,1474,1615,1669]" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6800016C182FD6" box="[128,270,1615,1669]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF6800016C162F34" authorityName="Aléné Geonho Cho & Percy" authorityYear="2024" box="[128,256,1615,1639]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Haplaphalara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6800016C162F34" box="[128,256,1615,1639]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Haplaphalara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB00016CE92FD6" box="[339,511,1615,1669]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">12</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD00016E1A2FD6" box="[581,780,1615,1669]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">8</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FCB900016EE42FD6" box="[849,1010,1615,1669]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Afr, Aus, Ind</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FBFC000168D42FD6" box="[1044,1474,1615,1669]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBFC000169D42F34" box="[1044,1218,1615,1639]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chrysobalanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Chrysobalanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FB22000168282F34" box="[1226,1342,1615,1639]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Irvingiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Irvingiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FAAE000168BD2F34" box="[1350,1451,1615,1639]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBC0002369B72FD6" box="[1064,1185,1645,1669]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rhamnaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF6800C068D42FF4" box="[128,1474,1678,1703]" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6800C06C182FF4" box="[128,270,1678,1703]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF6800C06DDA2FF5" authorityName="Burckhardt, Serbina and Malenovsky" authorityYear="2024" box="[128,204,1678,1702]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Klyveria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6800C06DDA2FF5" box="[128,204,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Klyveria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB00C06CE92FF4" box="[339,511,1678,1703]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD00C06E1A2FF4" box="[581,780,1678,1703]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FCB900C06EE42FF4" box="[849,1010,1678,1703]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Neo</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FBFC00C068D42FF4" box="[1044,1474,1678,1703]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBFC00C069612FF5" box="[1044,1143,1678,1702]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF6800FE68D42F9B" box="[128,1474,1712,1736]" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6800FE6C182F9B" box="[128,270,1712,1736]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF6800FE6DA52F9B" authorityName="Burckhardt, Serbina and Malenovsky" authorityYear="2024" box="[128,179,1712,1736]" class="Malacostraca" family="Mysidae" genus="Liella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mysida" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6800FE6DA52F9B" box="[128,179,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Liella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB00FE6CE92F9B" box="[339,511,1712,1736]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">12</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD00FE6E1A2F9B" box="[581,780,1712,1736]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">12</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FCB900FE6EE42F9B" box="[849,1010,1712,1736]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Afr, Ind, Neo</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FBFC00FE68D42F9B" box="[1044,1474,1712,1736]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBFC00FE69872F9B" box="[1044,1169,1712,1736]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Connaraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Connaraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FB7100FE680D2F9B" box="[1177,1307,1712,1736]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hypericaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Hypericaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FACB00FE68902F9B" box="[1315,1414,1712,1736]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF68009C68D42E76" box="[128,1474,1746,1829]" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF68009C6C182E76" box="[128,270,1746,1829]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF68009C6DF92FB9" authorityName="Serbina, Malenovsky, Queiroz and Burckhardt" authorityYear="2024" box="[128,239,1746,1770]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Melanastera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF68009C6DF92FB9" box="[128,239,1746,1770]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Melanastera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB009C6CE92E76" box="[339,511,1746,1829]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">9</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD009C6E1A2E76" box="[581,780,1746,1829]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">>60</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FCB9009C6EE42E76" box="[849,1010,1746,1829]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Afr, Neo</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FBFC009C68D42E76" box="[1044,1474,1746,1829]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBFC009C69852FB9" box="[1044,1171,1746,1770]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cannabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FB73009C68162FB9" box="[1179,1280,1746,1770]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FAEF009C68B82FB9" box="[1287,1454,1746,1770]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Melastomataceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBC000BE69892E5B" box="[1064,1183,1776,1800]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Annonaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FB4F00BE68182E5B" box="[1191,1294,1776,1800]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FAD700A168D42E54" box="[1343,1474,1775,1799]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myristicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(unpublished BMNH, NHMB data)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF68016168D42E37" box="[128,1474,1839,1892]" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6801616C182E37" box="[128,270,1839,1892]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF6801616DEC2E14" authorityName="sensu Burckhardt and Mifsud" authorityYear="2003" box="[128,250,1839,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Paurocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6801616DEC2E14" box="[128,250,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Paurocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB01616CE92E37" box="[339,511,1839,1892]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">46</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD01616E1A2E37" box="[581,780,1839,1892]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">14</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FCB901616EE42E37" box="[849,1010,1839,1892]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Aus, Ind, Oce</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FBFC016168D42E37" box="[1044,1474,1839,1892]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBFC016169852E14" box="[1044,1171,1839,1863]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cannabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FB73016168162E14" box="[1179,1280,1839,1863]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FAEF016168732E15" box="[1287,1381,1839,1862]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBC00102699B2E37" box="[1064,1165,1868,1892]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Urticaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF68012068D42ED5" box="[128,1474,1902,1926]" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6801206C182ED5" box="[128,270,1902,1926]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF6801206DDA2ED5" authorityName="Aléné Geonho Cho & Percy" authorityYear="2024" box="[128,204,1902,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Woldaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7449FFF9FF6801206DDA2ED5" box="[128,204,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Woldaia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB01206CE92ED5" box="[339,511,1902,1926]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD01206E1A2ED5" box="[581,780,1902,1926]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">0</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FCB901206EE42ED5" box="[849,1010,1902,1926]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">Neo</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FBFC012068D42ED5" box="[1044,1474,1902,1926]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FBFC012069612ED5" box="[1044,1143,1902,1926]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353C3D3E74490014FF6801DE68D42EFB" box="[128,1474,1936,1960]" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="405" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76ED544274490014FF6801DE6C182EFB" box="[128,270,1936,1960]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7449FFF9FF6801DE6DDB2EFB" box="[128,205,1936,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Liviinae">Liviinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FEBB01DE6CE92EFB" box="[339,511,1936,1960]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">137</td>
|
||
<td id="76ED544274490014FDAD01DE6E1A2EFB" box="[581,780,1936,1960]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="405">>106</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB33F7C7448FFF8FF6507636F8428B2" blockId="19.[113,762,144,481]" pageId="19" pageNumber="406">Last instar immature. Antenna seven or eight segments; lacking sectasetae or lanceolate setae on antennal flagellum. Mid- and hindlegs without massive peg-like setae. Dorsal body surface lacking minute clavate setae. Precaudal abdominal tergites lacking densely spaced simple setae or sectasetae. Anus in terminal position; with additional pore fields developed.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3166CF77448FFF8FF99044D6CA82B85" pageId="19" pageNumber="406" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB33F7C7448FFF8FF99044D6CA82B85" blockId="19.[113,762,515,727]" pageId="19" pageNumber="406">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7448FFF8FF99044D6DF42B49" box="[113,226,515,538]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="406">Comments:</emphasis>
|
||
Represented by only one species in the molecular analyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133723F97448FFF8FF3F046C6C082B69" box="[215,286,546,570]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,500,1781]" captionTargetId="figure-67@16.[129,1473,497,1784]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 10. Maximum likelihood (ML-mix) tree resulting from a mixture (heterotachous) model (–m GTR+H4 option in IQ TREE) based on the molecular data of the Liviidae and showing the three subfamilies Euphyllurinae, Neophyllurinae, and Liviinae, and two tribes Liviini and Paurocephalini. The numbers below the branches represent the bootstrap values of ≥50. Nodes with boostrap values of <50 are shown in interrupted lines.Light blue and yellow bars indicate the non-monophyletic genera, Diclidophlebia and Haplaphalara." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219903/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="406">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
; Supporting Information, File S4); supported by one synapomorphy in the morphological analysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133723F97448FFF8FD4B040F6FFF2B0A" box="[675,745,577,601]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1837,1861]" captionTargetBox="[205,1367,147,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-7@17.[202,1370,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 11. Phylogeny of the Liviidae showing strict consensus tree of the most parsimonious trees based on morphological data (character matrix in Supporting Information, File S2) and obtained with ‘Traditional search’ in TNT using equal weights.‘Unambiguous changes only’ in WINCLADA was used to optimize the character states on the cladogram. Black circles represent synapomorphies, light circles homoplasies; numbers above circles refer to characters numbers, number below to the character states (Table 2). Host plants of Liviini: Malpigiales, Poa, Poales, Ran, Ranunculales; of Paurocephalini:representation of members of Malvales. Distribution: Afrotropics (Afr), Australasia (Aus), Indomalaya (Ind), Nearctic (Nea), Neotropics (Neo), Oceania (Oce), Palaearctic (Pal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219907/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="406">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
). The synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7448FFF8FEC1042F6CDA2B2A" authorityName="Li" authorityYear="2011" box="[297,460,609,633]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Leprostictopsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7448FFF8FEC1042F6CDA2B2A" box="[297,460,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="406">Leprostictopsylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF7448FFF8FDED042F6F742B2A" authorityName="Hodkinson" authorityYear="1974" box="[517,610,609,633]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Aphorma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7448FFF8FDED042F6F742B2A" box="[517,610,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="406">Aphorma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D7448FFF8FD6F042F6DE92BCB" author="Burckhardt D & Sharma A & Raman A" pageId="19" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref29100" refString="Burckhardt D, Sharma A, Raman A. Checklist and comments on the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) from the Indian subcontinent. Zootaxa 2018; 4457: 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Burckhardt
|
||
<emphasis id="B978E36E7448FFF8FF9904CF6DBE2BCB" box="[113,168,640,664]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="406">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is confirmed here. Included available species, distribution, and host plants are summarized in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C68E0AC77448FFF8FD9204D16FDC2BE4" box="[634,714,671,695]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[129,184,1165,1189]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Table 3. Number of described species (Supporting Information, File S3) and undescribed species in the collections of the BMNH, MHNG, and NHMB, with general distribution and confirmed host plants. Afrotropics (Afr), Australasia (Aus), Indomalaya (Ind), Nearctic (Nea), Neotropics (Neo), Oceania (Oce), Palaearctic (Pal)." pageId="19" pageNumber="406">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
and Supporting Information, File S3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |